LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO

MEDIA LITERACY
MEDIA INFOLIT ➔ refers to reading, analyzing, evaluating
and producing communication in
COMMUNICATION different media forms. Individuals who
➔ defined as the method wherein are media literate should demonstrate
language, symbols, or manners are used skills in several areas, including:
to share information or to state ★ Know the role and functions of media
opinions or thoughts. ★ Understand the circumstances under
which media and fulfill them
★ Examine and assess media content
BASIC TYPES OF COMMUNICATION
critically
★ Using media for preparing for
1. NON-VERBAL COMMUNICATION democratic and intercultural discussion
- is the way of communicating without and learning
the use of words. ★ Make user- generated content
EXAMPLES:
● Facial Expressions INFORMATION LITERACY
● Hand Gestures ➔ refers to the ability to know when
● Eye Contact/Movement information is required. This also
● Head Movement pertains to the ability to find, analyze,
● Posture/Stance evaluate, communicate and use
● Tone of Voice information effectively in different
● Physical/Body Contact (Such as shaking formats. Individuals who are
hands) information literate should
● Appearance (The way they dress) demonstrate skills in several areas,
● Proximity/Closeness including:
● Sound (Such as sighing or laughing) ★ Meaning and delivery of information
★ Location and access of information
2. VERBAL COMMUNICATION ★ Evaluation of Information
- The sharing of information between ★ Information organization
individuals by using speech. ★ Information uses
EXAMPLES: ★ Communicating and using information
● Talking/chatting face-to-face in ethically
conversation.
● Talking/chatting over the telephone. TECHNOLOGY LITERACY
● Recording a video. ➔ refers to the ability of knowing how to
● Public speaking. use technology, its tools or networks to
● Preaching. find, create, evaluate, or use
● Monologue. information. Individuals who are
● Lecturing. technology literate should demonstrate
● Dialogue. skills in several areas, including:
★ Communication
★ Innovation
MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY ★ Collaboration
➢ brings together disciplines that were ★ Information and research fluency
originally different and separate. ★ Processes and concepts of technology
➢ aims to inspire citizens with essential
knowledge about the functions of media LESSON 2: THE EVOLUTION OF
and information systems in a
democratic society, how these functions TRADITIONAL TO NEW MEDIA
apply and how citizens assess the
quality of the content they provide.
PREHISTORIC TECHNOLOGY
➢ refers to the technology that exists
TYPES OF LITERACY before recorded history.
 ➢ refers to the tools, techniques, and ➢ began around 1760 – and later in other
methods used by early human societies countries – that includes economic and
before the advent of written records. social organization changes.
These technologies were developed and ➢ is known by the concentration of
used by our ancestors to survive and industry in huge businesses and for the
thrive in their environments. replacement of hand tools with
machines that are driven by power (e.g.
HISTORY - refers to the study of the recorded power loom and steam engine).
past events. Anything that predates the first
written accounts of history is prehistoric, PRINTING PRESS FOR MASS PRODUCTION 1900
including earlier technologies. ➔ was a significant technological
invention that had a major impact on
TECHNOLOGY - began about 2.5 million years mass production in the 1900s.
before writing was developed, with the earliest ➔ is a machine used to print copies of
hominids who used stone tools, which they may documents, books, and other materials
have used to start fires, hunt, and bury their in a fast and efficient manner.
dead.
LONDON GAZETTE 1665
Some examples of prehistoric technology ➔ is one of the oldest and longest-running
include: official journals in the United Kingdom.
➔ It was first published in 1665 during the
1. Stone tools: Early humans used various types reign of King Charles II.
of stone tools, such as hand axes, scrapers, and ➔ originally named The Oxford Gazette,
arrowheads, for hunting, cutting, and other tasks. but it was later moved to London and
renamed in 1666.
2. Fire: The ability to control fire was a crucial ➔ served as a government publication,
technological advancement for early humans, providing official notices,
allowing them to cook food, stay warm, and scare proclamations, and announcements to
away predators. the public.
➔ It was used as a means of
3. Shelter: Prehistoric humans built shelters communication between the
using materials such as wood, animal hides, and government and the people.
mud. These structures provided protection from
the elements and predators. TYPEWRITER 1800
TELEGRAPH
4. Clothing: Early humans made clothing from ALEXANDER GRAHAM BELL
animal skins and plant fibers to protect MOTION PICTURE PHOTOGRAPHY/PROJECTION
themselves from the cold and other
environmental hazards.
ELECTRONIC AGE

5. Hunting and gathering techniques: ➢ refers to a period wherein people can

Prehistoric humans developed various easily – and instantaneously –
techniques for hunting animals and gathering communicate with anyone anywhere.
plants for food, such as using spears, traps, and ➢ It was ushered in by the invention of the
digging sticks. telegraph in 1844.
➢ Made printed words a thing of the past.
6. Pottery: The invention of pottery allowed early ➢ Could gain information despite not
humans to store and cook food more efficiently, being able to read or write, since we can
as well as create decorative items. depend on the other senses.

7 Agriculture: The development of agriculture TRANSISTOR

marked a major technological advancement in OLD TV VACUUM TUBE
prehistoric times, allowing humans to settle in TV WITH TRANSISTOR
one place and cultivate crops for food. LDC T.V.
LED T.V.

INDUSTRIAL AGE TRANSISTOR RADIO 1950

 ➔ was a groundbreaking invention that ➔ These platforms enable users to create
revolutionized the way people listened personal profiles, interact with friends
to music and news in the 1950s. and followers, join groups or
➔ Developed in the early 1950s, the communities, and share various types
transistor radio replaced the bulky and of content, such as text, photos, videos,
power-hungry vacuum tube radios with and links.
smaller, more portable, and
energy-efficient devices. WEEK 3: INFORMATION
➔ Transistors are small semiconductor
devices that can amplify and switch LITERACY
electronic signals, and they were a
significant advancement in electronics INFORMATION LITERACY
technology. ➔ refers to the ability to know when
information is required.
COMMERCIAL TELEVISIONS 1940 ➔ the ability to find, analyze, evaluate,
➔ began to take off in the 1940s, marking communicate and use information
a significant milestone in the history of effectively in different formats.
broadcasting and entertainment. ➔ refers to finding the right information
➔ The 1940s saw the expansion of needed and knowing how to use it.
television networks, the development of
programming, and the introduction of INFORMATION
commercial advertising on television. ➔ is a term that refers to knowledge or
processed data gathered through
LARGE ELECTRONIC COMPUTER 1950 experiences or research.
➔ were at the forefront of technological
innovation and played a crucial role in Information literacy is essential for today’s
advancing computing capabilities. society because:
➔ These computers were massive 1. it improves skills related to critical
machines that filled entire rooms and thinking and problem solving
required extensive cooling systems to 2. It gives the ability to identify what
operate efficiently. information is true and appropriate not
just for work or school, but also for
everyday decisions in our life.
NEW AGE
➢ also known as the Digital Age,
5 COMPONENTS OF INFORMATION
Computer Age, or the New Media Age,
LITERACY
refers to a period of history wherein it is
described as an economy based on the
computerization of information 1. IDENTIFY
improved from the Industrial ➔ The information literate student can
Revolution brought through identify the nature and extent of
industrialization. information needed.
➢ The experience here is more interactive. 2. FIND
➔ The information literate student can
WEB BROWSERS find needed information effectively and
➔ Are software applications that allow efficiently.
users to access and navigate the World 3. EVALUATE
Wide Web. - The information literate student can
➔ They interpret and display web content, evaluate information and its sources
such as text, images, videos, and critically.
interactive elements, by 4. APPLY
communicating with web servers and - The information literate student can
rendering web pages. apply information effectively to
accomplish a specific purpose.
SOCIAL NETWORKS 5. ACKNOWLEDGE
➔ are online platforms that allow users to - The information literate student can
connect, communicate, and share acknowledge sources of information
content with others. and the ethical, legal, and
 socio-economic issues surrounding entertainment purposes. Eveningers are
information. newspapers published in the evening.

How is Information Literacy significant in 2. BROADCAST MEDIA

Information Technology? ➔ Broadcasting is the distribution of audio
● Information literacy gives us the skills or video content to a dispersed audience
to locate and evaluate information, via any electronic mass
including the use of technology. communications medium, but typically
● Information Literacy has been an one using the electromagnetic spectrum
educational concern for many years (radio waves), in a one-to-many model.
now.
● At present, employees and students TELEPHONE BROADCASTING (1881-1932)
alike has paid attention more to Nowadays, telephones are only used for
developing computer and information communicating with people far away. Way back,
technology skill. telephone broadcasting is considered as the
● Because of the fast-growing of earliest form of electronic broadcasting. This
technology in our society, becoming began with Theatre Phone systems or
information literate is just as essential “Théâtrophone” that was made by Clément Ader,
as becoming technology literate. a French inventor, in 1881. Theatre Phone allows
● Through information technology, people to listen to live opera and theatre
information is much easier to access performance over the telephone.
and locate information. In 1890s, telephone newspaper services were
● The use of technology enables an introduced that broadcast news and
individual to access a large scale of entertainment programs over the telephone. It is
information either for personal, mostly popular in large European cities.
work-related, or academic uses. Subscription to these telephone-based services
are considered as the first examples of providing
According to the study of Harrison in 2001, they a wide variety of programming in electronic
stated that “at the most ‘basic’ level, children broadcasting.
spend three times as long on computers in the
home as they do in school on average”. RADIO BROADCASTING
Started experimentally in 1906, and
WEEK 4 : TYPES OF MEDIA commercially in 1920. These refers to sounds
signals that are transported from a transmitter
through the air as radio waves, collected by an
MEDIA
antenna and transmitted to a receiver. Radio
➔ The use of various devices – such as
networks links radio stations to disseminate
television, radio, television, computers,
radio programs.
etc. – to provide or share information
massively.
TELEVISION BROADCASTING (TELECAST)
➔ Media is considered as a source of
Started experimentally in 1925, commercially
reliable information for its contents are
in the 1930s. Television broadcasting is an
provided by a credible organization or
extension of radio broadcasting, including not
went through editorial process.
only sound signals, but also including video
signal.
TYPES OF MEDIA
CABLE RADIO (1928) AND CABLE TELEVISION
(1932)
1. PRINT MEDIA
Originally, they mainly serve as media to
➔ refers to materials that are printed such
transmit radio or television stations
as books, newsletter, magazines,
programming via coaxial cable, and then
journals, etc. that provide information.
escalating into a wide-range universe of
➔ The newspaper is the most popular
different cable-originated channels.
form of print media that plays a
significant role in an individual’s daily
DIRECT-BROADCAST SATELLITE
life.
Also known as DBS, started commercially in
➔ Newspapers gather, and edit reports or
1974 and Satellite Radio started commercially in
articles for information, or
1990 provides a combination of television
broadcasting and traditional radio that has a and used by various people but are not
dedicated satellite radio programming. Meant for for sale.
direct-to-home program broadcasting.
3. MASS MEDIA
WEBCASTING OF VIDEO/TELEVISION ➔ reaches a large audience through
Started commercially in 1993 and Webcasting written, spoken, or broadcast
of audio/radio that started commercially in 1994 communication.
streams radio and television station
programming through Internet.

3. NEW MEDIA
➔ New media refers to the content that is
accessed on Internet that is easily
accessed on any digital device.
➔ Examples of new media include
websites (e.g. blogs, social media,
online newspapers, etc.) or even video
games.
➔ Unlike the previous technologies, New
Media exists on an interactive
community.
➔ New Media provides content through
discussion that allows people to share
and discuss their own opinions about
several topics.

WEEK 5: MEDIA AND

INFORMATION SOURCES AND
LANGUAGES

MEDIA AND INFORMATION SOURCES

1. INDIGENOUS MEDIA
➔ also known as community media
➔ refers to any form of media utilizing
indigenous knowledge that is made and
managed by, for, and about the
community.
➔ refers to the unusual source of
information that is delivered through
people media or through indigenous
media.

FORMS OF INDIGENOUS MEDIA

● FOLK OR TRADITIONAL MEDIA
● GATHERINGS AND SOCIAL
ORGANIZATIONS
● DIRECT OBSERVATIONS
● RECORDS (WRITTEN, CARVED, ORAL)
● ORAL INSTRUCTION

2. LIBRARY
➔ wherein literary, musical, artistic, or
reference books or materials are found