Translated from Russian to English - www.onlinedoctranslator.

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Good afternoon, dear student and the topic of the lecture

topographic on the volume of the lateral area of the face.

The following questions will be discussed during the lecture.

We will consider the topography of the disappeared area, the topography

perivascular region and deep topography

department of the lateral region of the face.

Score sewn area of heart from following in suscribling expressive

Company Voilà departuresalities

The top guard of the penal authority passes by

through nisch vai

on면‫ﺳﺏ‬in foreign countries

About RM Grind and apologies

ND nischua

In Mind

in the subantebral border of the masseter muscle.

Layers of the buccal region.

The first layer is the skin.

The skin is thin and mobile.

Does it matter?

You have sebaceous glands, which contributes to the development of suppurative-inflammatory diseases.

processes in this area.

The under-fire ate, they scream in the cheek area

loose and prone to dripping.

What the podpozhna ate, they shout on the loosely it is important to take into account

in predicting the spread of suppurative-inflammatory diseases

processes.

That is, nothing will limit the spread of inflammatory diseases

 processes in this area.

The under-fire was eaten by a screamer, the superficial fascia is located,

raised victims, memetic muscles, gobbled, bodies, cheeks

and the cheek muscle.

Let's take a closer look at the manipulating of the cheek skin.

areas.

From the lower eyelid to the upper lip, the skin of the cheek area

and will be torn from the charioteer nerve.

This is a branch of the superior transosseous nerve and the pectoralis nerve.

The skin under the chin and the mental nerves are torn.

It is a continuation of the inferior alveolar nerve and with the lower

transosseous nerve and paginal nerve.

And part of the skin of the cheek area will be torn off and a chip of the facial

nerve.

The facial nerve chip comes out into the facial foramen chip and

is a skeletal branch of the skeletal nerve and is superficial

through the new nerve and the paginal nerve.

Subcutaneous fat tissue of the cheek area passes

large vessels.

This is the facial artery, which is located in front.

Behind it passes the facial vein.

The vascular system of the buccal region's neural tubes goes along

projection line.

From the intersection of the anterior subcutaneous muscle,

as the medial corner of the eye.

And it is important to note that the facial vein has a direct

The facial artery is not connected to it and bends and twists.

 And it is also important to note that in the projection of large vessels

there is little fat tissue available, therefore, due to inflammatory

pans in the skin, inflammatory process of the lungs

facial vein is attracted.

It is further important to note that in the subcutaneous fat tissue

the branch of the facial nerve passes through, which approaches

muscle muscles in this area.

But let's say a little about this.

Further arterially on the stasis on the face.

Facial artery on stomosis of the facial tery opposite

sides through the upper and lower gugumaya branches.

An artery emerges from the area of the subglottic foramen

infra arbitalis, which is one of the final

and two superior maxillary arteries.

In the area of the franc metalli the metalli artery emerges

with the submental artery, which is

continuation of the inferior olive artery and from the maxillary

arteries. Also facial artery

anastomosed along the perianal artery of the face,

which originates from the superficial focal artery.

And from behind the facial artery was anastomosed

buccal branch from the maxillary artery.

And it is important to note between the dark annastomose,

which is located at the medial angle of the eye and in this

In place of the artery of focalism, it is called the artery of angularis.

Glovortheria and Angulartheria annastomasis

with the darsal artery with the nasal and scallop artery.
 And so, at the medial angle of the eye

an intersystem anastomosis is formed between

branches of the external carotid artery system

and the internal carotid artery. It is also important

note that when the labial arteries join

top bottom right with left, then such

anastomoses will also be intersystemic,

since the branch of the right is anastomosed

and the left side.

And here under the superficial fascia

are located in the anterior half of the region

memetic muscle, and part of it

surrounding eye socket and orbicularis muscle

eyes and the small and large scapula muscles.

Also the front half still

In person the areas are muscled,

arabiculariz, horizontal

Under the scaly muscles are located

raising the upper lip and

lifting the lip.

And the gorges are muscular,

depressor, anguli, oris and labis,

super and oris.

And there is an inconstant muscle,

the visualizer will think of laughter,

which goes in the direction of the lip.

And the memetic muscles are located

 in a few soybeans, that is, there is

such a feature that lies

superficial layer of the emetic muscles,

raise the folded chant,

then muscles again, then again

fat scream, then muscles again,

then the bone.

And here is such a layered structure

memetic muscles in this area,

also contribute to the spread of rot

processes precisely in width.

And that's dangerous.

to bend and not processes in the seam area.

In the posterior half of the suture area

the click muscle is located,

muscles, bukales,

and on it is located

fat bodies.

And fat bodies or

the lump of besha has the same important

clinical significance,

plays an important role

spread of the putrefactive effect

on the head.

The fat lump has two appendages,

the most sensible and weighty offshoot

comes in
 under opponeurotic

cellular space of the weight-angle.

And there are two more

this is a purulent process,

which pushes towards the bottom

gnawing gap

and wing-shaped non-gnotropod,

which goes into the depths

and will stick to the wing-shaped, purulent Yanka.

And thus, with the development of rotten

alkaline region processes,

pus along the processes

fat bodybuilders can

spread into the neighboring area

and vice versa,

for example, if available

perceptual process

weight-angles

in the suboponeurotic tissue,

a shortage of weight-and-corn shoots

the pus will flow down.

Silky muscle

covered with fasta of this area,

which is called fast sobukov

in Alimga.

Fastian's pharyngeal abscess

and her education is related

 with the fact that from the seam

between the slit muscle

and lower jaw

the muscles of the pharynx begin.

Further under the slit muscle

the mucous membrane is located

and thus

all the slimes are formed.

It is important to note that

very clever

conduct the excretory duct

about the polecating splenic gland,

he can also

try fat water

bodybuilders

and excretory duct

open on the threshold

from that cavity

but at the second level

top painter,

that is, big

covin tooth.

The snap muscle itself

crab supplies the click

artery,

which is

upper branch
 cruciate artery

and invovate

click wind

facial nerve.

Mucous membrane

cheeks are inverted

click branch

from the inferior cruciate nerve

and page.

Further on, it's a bit of a bummer

let's grab the area,

has the following

border.

She's going to fall asleep

bordered

with a cow's tuka.

In front

leading edge

vital muscle.

Bottom bottom

the edge of the lower jaw.

AND

behind the border

out of the way

live in the region

comes

field
 conducted

out of bounds

auditory canal

to the top

sagittal

troll.

Leather

this area

covered in hair.

And this is important.

consider

in that case,

when to develop

on putrefactive

processes,

that is, for this area

characteristic

Fronku

and a feeding trough.

Subcutaneous

fatty

chant

loose.

He's stupid

located

superficial

authorities.
 Here

superficial power.

Here

she lies in her own power,

which

in this

areas

well developed

and visible

How

separate

thick leaf

and it's called

in fast

party

weight

TV.

Around

life-giving

authorities

and it's called

By

the name of the region.

Fast

party

weight

the telly has two

leaf, superficial

and deep,

which

covered

authorities.

Here

Here

around

I will learn

iron.

Under

fast

party

mass of the telly

lies

superficial

Part

around

glands

And

life-giving

muscle.

Under

vital muscle

located

more branchy

jaws.
 Prostrate

between

life-giving

muscles

more branchy

jaws.

Around

life-giving

areas

mostly

innervate

front

branchy

big

ugly

nerve

from the cervical

spriteniya.

And also

partly

skin around

life-giving

areas

innervate

ring

nerve

from
 nerve

moxellaris

from

tronic nerve.

Subcutaneously

fatty

chants

this area

on the surface

muscle

will wash away

life-giving

muscles go

branchy

facial nerve,

which

it's called

threateningly

big

caterpillar

paw.

And also

on the surface

muscle

smosetnyh

pass

output
 meek

around

crazy

glands.

When

along the outlet

pretope

located

additional

along

around

crazy

glands.

Next

more details

about the area

stool

iron.

She has

two parts

superficial

deep.

Superficial

part of the gland

located

on the surface

life-giving
 muscles.

deep

part of the gland

lies

in the back

parts

crazy

glands

And

in the back

crazy

glands.

AND

if we

let's look at

horizontally

head-scratching,

made on

level

corners,

then we

we'll see

for the bottom

crucian

hole

On the one side

And
 it's clear that there is

for the bottom

crucian

pit

from the second

synthesis

Association

Kenneen

languages

from it. These are the pharyngeal muscle, the lingual muscle and the sublingual muscle.

Figuratively, these three muscles are called the triangular bouquet. It is above,

the snowy interstitial fossa, limited by the cartilaginous part of the external dry passage,

Below there is a delicate, transverse pit, bordered by a host of pastures.

In front, the periphery of the life-giving pastia, growing together with the pastia,

ukraina, a steep socsovidnaya muscle. Thus, the snowy cheresnaya fossa,

it is a narrow space, closed on all sides. It contains a deep part,

okoloushnaya zhryuzy. There is such a feature that a deep leaf,

like a choking-living pastry, it is loose in comparison with the outer sprout,

which is dense. And it allocates two weak points of the capsules of the pericarp.

The pharyngeal cane of the polecatcher is directed near the pharyngeal astrons. This is
one weak point.

And the second weak spot is located at the top, where the perimeter is, which lies on the legs.

book wall of the external auditory canal. And therefore, with purulent contra there is

tendency for pus to break through either around the pharyngeal or pharyngeal space,

or to the external auditory canal. And vice versa, if there is a hurricane fist dry
passing by,

then it is possible that the inflammation will spread to the peritoneal gland. It is important to note that who
 also the peritoneal saliva of the gland passes large vessels and nerves. This is the external carotid
rteria,

internal eremennaya wine or tsevaya them. And the passage of large vessels in the peritoneum
iron,

is also dangerous. Because when inflammation develops in the gland, the wall of the vessels can move
And

severe bleeding may develop that cannot be stopped in the usual way
Medat for

time on the wall of bleeding. That in that the peritoneum gland passes the facial
nerve,

and it is precisely in the fact that the glands disintegrate on the branch that it has great prinicpal significance,
because when

inflammation of the gland, possibly compression of the vitreous nerve by swelling and development
characteristic

picture of the resoles nerve. That is, it hurts to not raise the eyebrows, on the dutochok,

the larger fold has disappeared, the condylar fold has been smoothed out and does not close on the affected side of the eye.
Vetie facial

the nerves received the figurative name of a large tine foot and in total there are 5 large branches. And
if you call it

their field, then at the top goes hanging branch to the lateral and other eye searching branch,

parallel to one channel of the pole gland there are still very branches, parallel to the edge
lower

jaws, the margin of the lower jaw and the neck of the branches goes to the muscle of splotism. And these branches

first they are located in the chondrium and form a nerve plexus and then 5 branches

emerge from under the edge of the pole gland and lie on the surface of the muscle of the smoset.
juicy

areas, of course, we will see only the branches that run parallel in one
simplify about

the pole gland and is very important in some surgical interventions in one

uprotoke not to damage the chochnuyu branch for the word him. That's what concerns

about the chondrocyte salivary gland, but if the area already tells to the end, then here it is necessary
say

about blood supply and circulation of the muscles of the skeleton. Vital muscle,
the desired muscle receives blood supply from the artery of Maxillary from the maxilla

arteries and to the muscles of the smosets the artery of Masa Pterica approaches. The vital branch and with
artery of Maxellaria.

And as a vital muscle it receives innervation and is lighter below the jaw world. To it
fits

one nominal branch, probably, in the smoset and it inverts the smoset muscle. Further
gubloks

dressing area of the face. The lips of the dressing area of the face are essentially the contents
suspension

pits. The walls of the suspension pits are the speria, desuspensory surfaces of the upper
jaws,

from above the suspension surface of the large pterygocranial bone is visible, with the medial
sides lottery

plate of the pterygoid loteros, sphenoid bone and on the lateral side the branch,

finial jaw, equal to vandibolus and partly arczygomaticus. And in the suspension fossa
are located

the animate muscles are the tendons of the stenderal muscle with the focal muscle. And two
pterygoid

muscles, goes horizontally, here is the pterygoid muscle, here it is in the picture and to the corner
lower

the pterygoid muscle goes medially to the jaw. And between the muscles of the lateral
pterygoid and medial

pterygoid form two extramuscular spaces.

interval and

interpterygoid space. The artery passes through the interpterygoid space.

moxellari

the maxilla on the artery and here is the pterygoid venous plexus. In between
pterygoid

branches of the throne world pass through the gap. And if they are called spevedozat, then the most

The anterior position is occupied by the lingual nerve. Behind it is the lingual nerve. Behind it is the
lingual

the lower alliolar nerve passes. And here the bush-vest nerve is not shown. Chochny,
lingual, inferior alliolar

go down, ear, temporal back and over. So this is the content of the pterygoid
interpterygoid space and temporopterygoid space. And it is logically clear,
What

the vessels and nerves in these intervals communicate with the oral cavity completely
switch-operated

spaces, uniform cavity and face. And also the course of the vessels of the nerve in they
are reported

clavicular spaces, temporal regions and with the base of the skull. This is
repetition,

these are parts of the upper cherus territory topographically it divides into parts cherus affairs,

pterygoid del and pterygoid nerze. And here on the shooting presented branch of each of
department.

The first section of the cerebral, expensive, pterygoid and third pterygoid nerves.
in the cross section they depart

the anterior auricular artery and the anterior tympanic artery go opposite each other

more significant branches. The middle minimal artery in the astyst went to the top
holes. And down

The inferior alveolar artery enters the canal of the lower jaw. In the second section, branches

animate muscles. Two rubes and the temporal arteries go up, the anterior ventral and down
wing-shaped ones are coming

branchia, vivifying branchia, achteria, anossoteleca and buccal branchia, which is red-
zachchochnuyu

muscle. It is a non-living, not a animate muscle. And the third section is divided into owls,
pterygoid nerve

nemki into three large branches. The infraorbital artery, the descending nemki artery and
wedge-shaped

artery. But here we should repeat the walls of the communication of the pterygoid nephritis with
storey

responsible. And it is clear that along the branches of the upper jaws-teria pus, if it will be

temporomandibular spaces, can spread to any completely areas,

persons and also in Moscow finishing. The pterygoid has a very great clinical significance

venous plexus. It is located on the surface of the pterygoid muscle. And

pterygoid
The venous plexus is formed by the ducts. The vein that collects the debris from the upper jaw,
from the bottom

jaws, from the external auditory canal and so on, the pterygoid venous plexus,

is remarkable in that it has no lapana. And, of course, normally from the pterygoid venous
plexuses,

they croft the current in the zone, the transverse vein, then the internal one, we eat on the vein. It is important with that

occlusive plexus with the facial vein, the consequence in any veins of the face. And also
crofts

pterygoid venous plexus through the vein membriae, can flow into the cave stichimus.
And so

in the development of a purulent infection, somewhere in the juicy area, in the jaws, if desired,

the bottom can enter the pterygoid venous plexus and then, after and after,

all are wiped out by the musk membrane, with inflammation of the skin at the projection on the co-morbid and on
juicy

splatke. The inflammatory process can involve the wall in the annular vein and develop

to God and beat the veksovoy vein. And then the microbes along the lower ophthalmic vein can also
hit

in the pterygoid in the cave stihimus. And here is a clinical example, it hurts with polysenositis, then
There is

with inflammation of the airway complicated by thrombosis in the cave of the stichimus
was located

in intensive care, but after some time of radiation. And on the placenta retropharyngeal and

peripharyngeal space. First the retropharyngeal space, again look at

horizontal

head cut made at the level of the gullet. And it is clear that there is a second symmetrical
half

heads. That is, they are in front, but behind the vents. This is the wall of the pharynx and about the light of the pharynx,

behind the vertebrae and prevertebral muscles. And you see the right side behind the pharyngeal
spaces.

In general, the retropharyngeal space is smooth, but can be divided by the pharynx into

two symmetrical halves. Thus, the walls of the retropharyngeal space in front are
 posterior wall of the pharynx, prevertebral muscles at the back, pharyngeal prevertebral muscles at the side
fascia,

or the chef-pi's negotiation. The retropharyngeal space ends at

outer base of the skulls, from below continues to the lower theft of 100 horse
vertebra.

That is, where the pharynx ends, the skeleton will end topically
retropharyngeal

space. But it is important to note that the retropharyngeal space does not have any lower
walls,

that is, there is no fascial defect here. And pus, if it is in the retropharyngeal
space,

further, without any responsibility, the load will be woven into the throat and esophagus, into the bad cavity,

posterior septum, and very dangerous retropharyngeal obstructions, because there is no datindention,

limitations, the bottom process. And on the sides of the retropharyngeal space are
to the guy

near the pharyngeal space. Near the pharyngeal space from the lateral side

on the border of the medial half of the muscle, and we place the peritoneal gland. With
medial side

it is limited by the wall of the pharynx. From above by the base of the forehead, from below it reaches the level
sublingual bush.

And the fascial septum, which goes from the human process of the pharynx, and this
fascially

called awl block opineros. The peripharyngeal space is divided into credenia
business and back business.

In the credit of affairs near the pharyngeal space, the block process is directed, the peritoneal
lumbar gland.

And here it is subject to the nematode medallion. Therefore, with inflammation of the nematode medallions
the effect can

switch to the peritoneal gland and vice versa, as was said earlier,

in case of inflammation of the peritoneal gland, the effect can spread to the pelvic gland. And
therefore when

In advanced diseases it is difficult to determine where the primary gnaniye chak is. Well, that's all
 the most important, interestingly, is located in the back mother near the pharyngeal space. Here
passes the main

vascular nerve plexus, which enters the internal solar plexus. Narterium
internal food guilt,

cranial nervous system, lingual, pharyngeal, arousal, accessory, hypoglossal and sympathetic
trunk.

Well, here is presented in the concealment of the retropharyngeal obstruction and the retropharyngeal obstruction is characteristic

not for

adults, and for children. Children have well-developed retropharyngeal, bimphatic nodes, and
so under some circumstances

in putrefactive diseases of the pharynx, these nodes increase in size and also become inflamed and
becomes

as if a source of development of a purulent process. On the one hand, the operation is quite

simply, simply through the mouth opening after the pain is removed, the back wall is opened
pharyngeal,

and as if home by itself through the blood, for pressure, flowing through the oral strip of friendship.
But if you run it

processes dzinirovat s pharyngeal with it time, then the patient will die after some time
from purulent

mediastemitis. And here are some more cases described by Peragovo, when in the wall of the pharynx in tokatiya,

for example, a small fish bone and after two weeks the patient dies from purulent
mediastemitis.

That is why the message of the pharyngeal, near the pharyngeal in space must be known in the target in

predictions of the spread of dnominfection. This face is finished. Thank you for your attention.