Lab 1 Introduction to Cables and Connectors 1
Network Cabling
➢ Cables provide physical connections between different networking
devices.
➢ It is considered a reliable communication media.
➢ Cabling is not only used to establish links between network
devices but also contribute as a medium through which packets
are transmitted from source to destination.
➢ Cables are classified according to type and function.
Types of Ethernet Cables
Cables are classified as
• Twisted Pair (TP) UTP
• Coaxial Twisted Pair
• Optical fiber Cable
STP
Thicknet
Types of Cables Coaxial
Thinnet
Single Mode
Optical Fiber
Multi Mode
1. Twisted Pair (TP)
▪ Ethernet 10Base-T (10 Mb/s)
▪ Fast Ethernet 100Base-T (100 Mb/s)
▪ Gigabit Ethernet 1000Base-T (1000 Mb/s)
▪ 10 Gigabit Ethernet 10000Base-T (10000 Mb/s)
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Lab 1 Introduction to Cables and Connectors 2
Category Max. Data Rate Bandwidth Max. Distance Usage
Category 1 1 Mbps 0.4 MHz Telephone and modem lines
Category 2 4 Mbps 4 MHz LocalTalk & Telephone
Category 3 10 Mbps 16 MHz 100 m (328 ft.) 10BaseT Ethernet
Category 4 16 Mbps 20 MHz 100 m (328 ft.) Token Ring
Category 5 100 Mbps 100 MHz 100 m (328 ft.) 100BaseT Ethernet
100BaseT Ethernet, residential
Category 5e 1 Gbps 100 MHz 100 m (328 ft.)
homes
100 m (328 ft.) Gigabit Ethernet, commercial
Category 6 1 Gbps 250 MHz
10Gb at 37 m (121 ft.) buildings
Gigabit Ethernet in data centers
Category 6a 10 Gbps 500 MHz 100 m (328 ft.)
and commercial buildings
Category 7 10 Gbps 600 MHz 100 m (328 ft.) 10 Gbps Core Infrastructure
100 m (328 ft.)
Category 7a 10 Gbps 1000 MHz 10 Gbps Core Infrastructure
40Gb at 50 m (164 ft.)
25 Gbps (Cat8.1) 25 Gbps/40 Gbps Core
Category 8 2000 MHz 30 m (98 ft.)
40 Gbps (Cat8.2) Infrastructure
10 Base T
Twisited Pair
10mbps Baseband
Cable
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Lab 1 Introduction to Cables and Connectors 3
Wiring Standards
The terms 568A and 568B, refer to a set of wiring standards developed by TIA / EIA, which is also known as the
Telecommunications Industry Association. These terms define the rules on how twisted pair cables should be
wired to RJ-45 connectors.
The 568A standard is wired in this order: The 568B standard is wired in this order:
*There is no difference in the functionality as to which standard is used.
Three types of cable combinations can be made by these wiring standards.
1. Straight Though Cable: Both ends using same standards such as 1st end uses 568A and 2nd end also
uses 568A, if 1st end uses 568B and 2nd end also uses 568B.
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Lab 1 Introduction to Cables and Connectors 4
2. Cross Over Cable: Both ends using different standards such as 1st end uses 568A 2nd end uses 568B.
3. Roll Over Cable: Both ends using reverse of a standard pins such as 1-8, 8-1, Cisco proprietary.
RJ 45 Connector:
Question: When we use straight and crossover cable?
Devices HUB SWITCH ROUTER PC
HUB Crossover Crossover Straight Straight
SWITCH Crossover Crossover Straight Straight
ROUTER Straight Straight Crossover Crossover
PC Straight Straight Crossover Crossover
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