GNED 06 - SCIENCE, TECHNOLOGY AND SOCIETY

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● Domestication of plants and animals
THREE- AGE SYSTEM
● Settled villages
- Christian Jugensen Thomsen
END OF STONE AGE
STONE AGE 2.5 MYA - 3000 BC
● Innovation of the technique of smelting ore
period of weapons made of stone, wood, bone;
aside from metals.
BRONZE AGE 3000 BC - 1200BC
● JOHN LUBBOCK - subdivided Stone Age into
Palaeolithic and Neolithic periods. SMELTING – process known for metal
● JOHN ALLEN BROWN- termed the extraction from ore
“Mesolithic” period
● Discovered by Sumerians of Mesopotamia
1.PALAEOLITHIC (OLD AGE) PERIOD ● Done with copper (88%) and tin (12%).
● Organized government, law, and warfare, as
● Longest phase of human history well as beginnings of religion.
● ape-like creature to Homo sapiens ● Ancient Egyptians built their pyramids to
● Nomadic honor their dead pharaohs.
● Live in small bands
a. Lower Palaeolithic CHARACTERISTICS OF BRONZE
● Development of stone tools
● Australopithecus ● Highly ductile
b. Middle Palaeolithic Period ● Bronze exhibits low friction against other
● Neanderthal Man; Cavemen metals.
● Evidence of painting the dead suggested ● Resists corrosion (especially seawater
religious practice corrosion)
c. Upper Palaeolithic Period ● Useful for metal use around flammable or
● Homo sapiens explosive materials.
● First man-made dwellings - pithouses
● Communal hunting IRON AGE (1500 BC - 450 AD)
● Extensive fishing
● Supernatural beliefs
● Began when smelting pits made sufficient
● Cloth sewing
advancement to produce higher
● Sculpture & Painting
temperatures.
● Making personal ornaments
● In the 15th century, iron was first smelted
2. MESOLITHIC (MIDDLE STONE) PERIOD from an ore in the South Caucasus as a
byproduct of gold making.
● transitional period ● From North Africa to Sub-Saharan Africa:
● Retreat of glaciers and growth of forests and Plough and the axe – agriculture became
deserts easier
● Microliths- stone tools (used to make
_______________________________________
arrowheads, spears, and other weapons and
tools) MIDDLE AGES (450 A.D - 1450 A.D)
DARK (450-1000 A.D.)
3. NEOLITHIC (NEW STONE AGE) PERIOD
HIGH MIDDLE (1000-1450 A.D.) Ages
● development based on agriculture.
They said that the Dark Ages had been caught
● The use of agricultural tools such as the
up in superstition and ignorance. However,
plough, digging stick, and hoe made
these scholars ignored the fact that it had been
agricultural labor more efficient.
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the Middle Ages that the outlines of modern
EUROPE
sciences had emerged. Scholars concentrated
their intellectual activities mainly on the Christian
faith. ● Cathedral schools turned university
● Horse collar
● The medieval intellectual élite was ● Watch/clock
recruited from the clergy. ● Watermill / Windmill

FEUDAL SYSTEM
CHINA
● Large scale silk production 1. Pope and Emperor
● Bronze production became sophisticated 2. Kings and bishops
SCIENCE 3. Overlords
4. Lay or clerical
● Convex and concave mirrors 5. Lord
● Weight is force 6. Peasant
● Motion is caused by force 7. Medical therapy
● Calendars with 365 and ¼ days 8. Poor hygiene and sanitation
● Various models of the universe
INDIA
PTOLEIMIC COSMOLOGY
• The earth is considered to be the stationary ● A year divided into 12 months
center of the universe, with the sun, moon, and ● Metallurgy (science of smelting) was
planets revolving around it in spheres of their developed
own. ● Information on diseases and drugs
• The heavens were thought to be suspended ● Square root and linear equations
above and around the universe. PRE-COLUMBIAN AMERICA

ARISTOTELIAN NATURAL PHILOSOPHY MAYANS

• Divided the universe into an earthly realm and
● Pyramid - made of limestone
a higher celestial one.
● Cocoa beans as monetary units
• These two realms were thought to be different
● Solar calendar
regarding their physical nature, the laws they
● Position of heavenly bodies
obeyed, and their ultimate purpose.
● Numbers were expressed as decimals AZTEC
● Square roots
● Cubic, quadratic, and intermediate ● High temples
equations ● Decimal notations – zero (0), dots and
● Sliding calipers dashes for other numbers
● Exercise, water therapy, wine ● Social calendar with 365 days for a total
anesthesia of 18 months
● Acupuncture to treat illnesses
INCAS
TECHNOLOGY
● Farming – terraced fields with canals for
● Seismograph irrigation
● Wheel barrow ● Chili and avocado
● Magnetic compass ● Clothes - llama and alpaca wool
● Printing press; Paper ● Decimal system of counting
● Gun powder, guns, and cannon ● Calendar of 365 days
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SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION DEVELOPMENTS
● Period refers to the great scientific ● Mass production of goods
intellectual achievements ● Development of the factory system of
1. UNIVERSE MODEL (Nicholas Copernicus) production
● Sun is the center of the Universe ● Rural-to-urban migration
● Distance from the sun determines the ● Growth of capitalism
arrangement of planets ● Rise of new socio-economic classes
Mercury-Venus-Earth-Mars-Jupiter-Saturn ● Commitment to research and
-Stars development
2. Law of Planetary Motion
SOCIAL CHANGES
● All planets revolve around the sun in
elliptical (not circular) orbits ● Development and growth of cities
● Kepler's laws describe the form and ● Improved status and earning power of
operation of planetary orbits; led to the women
academic rejection of the Aristotelian ● Increase in leisure time
system ● Population increases
3. Work of Motion (Galileo Galilei) ● Problems – economic insecurity,
● Discovery of relations among distance, increased deadliness of war, urban
velocity, acceleration, and the law of slums, etc.
inertia ● Science and research stimulated
4. Laws of Motion (Isaac Newton) _______________________________________

• 1st law - Law of inertia 1. Steam Locomotive - “The Rocket”

• 2nd law - Acceleration produced when a force ○ Robert Stephenson
acts on a mass ○ Forerunner of modern
• 3rd law - For every action, there is an equal locomotives
and opposite reaction ○ Used steam power
○ 30 miles per hour
5. Laws of Universal Gravitation (Isaac 2. First Airplane
Newton) ○ Orville and Wilbur Wright (1913)
○ Enabled travel between
• A particle in the universe attracts every other continents that previously
universal particle required ships
3. Diesel Engine
INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION ○ Rudolf Diesel (1892)
○ First engine to use petroleum as
● began in Great Britain and spread to
fuel
Belgium, France, Germany, US and
○ Small, portable engine for multiple
Japan.
tasks
Why it started in Great Britain
○ Drove vehicles and led to motor
● Capital for investing in the means of
car invention
production
4. Seed Drill and Mechanical Reaper
● Colonies and Markets for manufactured
5. Spinning Wheel
goods
○ First invention, but very slow
● England had more colonies than any other
○ Threads spun one at a time by
nation
hand
6. Spinning Jenny
○ James Hargreaves (1764)
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○ Could spin up to eight threads at
PHYSICS
a time; faster than the spinning
wheel Law on electrostatic
● Spinning Mule – used water power to Charles-Augustine interaction and
spin thread faster than by hand de Coloumb frictional electrostatic
● Power Loom - could weave cloth instrumentation
quickly
Alessandro Volta Cell or battery
● Cotton Gin - Eli Whitney (1794)
Hans Christian Electricity generated
TEXTILE Oersted magnetism

● Fly shuttle Andre-Marie Ampere How electric current

● Water-frame produces magnetism
● Rude power loom
● Cotton gin Paul Erman First measurement of
earth’s magnetism
COAL, IRON, STEEL
Michael Faraday Magnetism generates
● Use of coal for iron smelting electricity
● Blast furnace
James Maxwell Unification theory of
● Puddling furnace
electricity and
● Manufacturing cylinder
magnetism
● Open-heart process
Heinrich Hertz Radio Waves
TRANSPORTATION
Wilhelm Roentgen Discovery of X-rays
● Mile-long canals
● Steam boat
Clowns Are Happy At Parties, Making Jokes Happily
● Macadamizing
● Puffing Billy Wild
● Steam ship
CHEMISTRY
COMMUNICATION
Daniel Gabriel First mercury
● Electric telegraph Fahrenheit thermometer
● Telephone
● Radio Benjamin Franklin Distinguish negative
and positive charges
LIGHTING
Antoine- Laurent de - Chemistry as
● Gas lighting Lavoisier science ;Combustion
● Bunsen burner experiments
● Electric light
Henry Cavendish Oxygen combustion
produces wateR
AGRICULTURE
John Dalton Atomic Theory
● Seed drill
● Marling practice joseph John Electron
● Stock breeding Thomson

18th and 19th Century Humphry Davy, Jons Discovery of new

Jacob Berzeliu element
Physics, Chemistry, Biology
Auguste Laurent and Organic Chemistry
Charles Gerhardt
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Dancing Bears Always Have Jolly Jumps Happily
Warner Heisenberg Quantum mechanics
Before Any Clown
James Chadwick neutron
BIOLOGY
Otto Hahn Nuclear fission
Robert Hooke Cell
John Bardeen theory of
Anton Van Microorganism superconductivity
Leeuwenhoek

Carolous Linnaeus Binomial

nomenclature of
classifying species ASTRONOMY

Mary Anning First ichthyosaur Edwin Hubble galaxies as huge

fossils aggregation of stars

Georges Cuvier Comparative anatomy Clyde Tombaugh discovery of Pluto

Rober Brown Cell’s nucleus Georges Lemaitre publication of the

original Big bang
Martinus Beijerinck First known virus theory

Crawford Long Used ether in surgical Jocelyn Bell-Burnell pulsars

operations
Neil Armstrong and first walk on the moon
Wilhelm Wundt Experimental Buzz Aldrin
psychology

Charles Darwin Theory of evolution

Louise Pasteur Vaccine against rabies CHEMISTRY

Daniel Hale William First open heart Mikhail Tsvet Paper

surgery chromatography

Jaroslav Heyrovsky Polarography

Robots Are Cleverly Making Great Rabbit Men
Carry Little Delicious Donuts Phoebus Levene Deoxyribose sugar in
DNA
20th Century
Neil Bartlett Idea of noble gases

● Formal advancement of communication,

transportation, agricultural matter, and
different fields of science.
BIOLOGY
PHYSICS Martin Cline Transfer of functional
gene between mice
Albert Einstein Theory of relativity
Ian Wilmut Cloned a sheep
Ernest Rutherford proton named DOLLY
Wolfgang Pauli Principle on Dmitry Ivanovsky Discovery of viruses
arrangement of and Martinus
electrons in an atom Beijerinck
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● Emergence of the internet and world wide
Hugo de Vries Occurrence of
mutation web.
● Uploading and downloading
James Watson and DNA Structure ● Passing of information is much faster.
Francis Creek
RISE OF DIGITAL AGE

Advent of modern technology

EARTH SCIENCE
Computers, cellphones, printers, digital cameras
Leon Philippe stratosphere
Teisserence de Bort 1. Computers
Andrija Mohorovicic earth’s crust and
mantle ● Inventor: Charles Babbage
● Purpose: Designed for mathematical
Alfred Wegener Continental drift calculation and simple decision making.
theory
2. The Internet
Charles Franncis Earthquake intensity
Richter- scale ● Developers: Vinton Cerf and Robert Kahn
Harry Hess Theory of seafloor ● Significance: Developed in California;
spreading fiber-optic technology allows billions of bits
of information to be transmitted every
minute.

3. World Wide Web

INFORMATION AGE
● Inventor: Sir Tim Berners-Lee
● Birth of personal computers and an era of ● Purpose: Created primarily for
easy access on any information. commercial purposes and online
● Johannes Gutenberg- invented the transactions.
movable type printing
4. Electronic Mail (Email)
PRE- GUTENBERG WORLD
● Inventor: V.A. Shiva Ayyadurai
● Books were written and produced by ● Purpose: A fast avenue for exchanging
hand. messages between individuals.
● Clay, wax, papyrus, parchment
● Only elites can afford 5. Facebook
● Information – Word-of-mouth channels
● Founder: Mark Zuckerberg
GUTENBERG REVOLUTION ● Launch Date: February 4, 2004
● Functionality: Allows users to connect,
● Introduction of printing share thoughts, ideas, experiences, and
● Books printed using presses in the media.
beginning of the Gutenberg era –
incunabula (cradle or birthplace) \ 6. Twitter
● Media- can pass information through and
● Founders: Jack Dorsey, Noah Glass, Biz
to people from all walks of life
Stone, Evan Williams
POST-GUTENBERG REVOLUTION ● Launch Date: March 2006
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● Functionality: Users can post and
interact via messages or "tweets" limited
to 140 characters.

7. Messenger

● Launch: 2008 (initially as Facebook Chat)

● Features: Instant messaging service for
written messages, voice calls, and video
calls; supports one-to-one or group
conversations.

8. YouTube

● Founders: Chad Hurley and Steve Chen

● Launch Date: February 14, 2005
● Significance: The largest online
destination for sharing videos.

9. Google

● Founders: Larry Page and Sergey Brin

● Started: 1996 (registered in September
1997)
● Significance: The most used search
engine; competition with Yahoo.

10. Instagram

● Founders: Kevin Systrom and Mike

Krieger
● Launch Date: October 2010
● Functionality: A fun photography app that
allows users to share photos and videos,
rapidly gaining popularity worldwide.
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CHAPTER 3: HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND
TECHNOLOGY IN THE PHILIPPINES

1.) Pre-colonial period

2.) Spanish regime
3.) American regime
4.) Common-wealth period
5.) Period since independence
1.) PRE-COLONIAL PERIOD

- Geometric figures engraved on a rock

A. CULTURE
shelter found at the border of the
● Are believers of superstition.
municipalities of Angono and Binangonan.
● Animism is the belief that various objects,
- Used to remove the dirt in clothes.
places, and creatures possess distinctive
spiritual qualities.
● Diwata.
B. WRITING SYSTEM
● Mainly used for message and letter.
● Baybayin was the early Filipino script
used.
C. SOCIAL ORGANIZATION or
BARANGAY
● Geographically scattered, self-sufficient,
autonomous communities.
● Kinship groups or social units rather than - Palawan used to protect the remains of
political units. the dead; Manunggol cave.
● Essentially subsistence economies.
D. CRAFTSMANSHIP
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have attained a more sophisticated
technology due to exposure to foreign
trade and cultural contacts.
● Mountain settlements (still living as
hunters) trade forest products in lowlands
and coastal areas.
H. TOOLS AND PRODUCTS
- Beeswax, honey, growing rice,
vegetables, and cotton.
- Mining gold in Panay, Mindoro, and Bicol.
- Copper (table display).
- Porcelain jars (food storage).
- Iron (used in welfare lantaka).
- Handwoven blanket.
- Very little reliable written information about
Philippine society, culture, and technology
before the arrival of the Spaniards in
1521.
E. TRANSPORTATION
● Filipinos learned to build boats for coastal 2.) SPANISH REGIME
trade.
● Early Spanish chroniclers took note of the A. EDUCATION
refined warship called caracoa. ● They established schools, hospitals, and
● By 10th century A.D., Butuan traded with scientific research.
Champa (Vietnam); Ma-i (Mindoro) with ● Primary education was highly religious.
China. ● In the 19th century, technical/vocational
● schools were established, initially for
priesthood and clerical positions.
● Filipino students were able to go to
Europe for advanced studies (e.g.,
Medicine in Ophthalmology in Spain and
Germany, notably Dr. Jose Rizal).

F. AGRICULTURE
● Rice, cotton, and other vegetables.
● Domesticated swine, goats, and fowls.
● Lowland rice was cultivated in diked
fields and the interior mountain region as
in the Cordillera, in terraced fields which
utilized spring water.
G. SETTLEMENTS
● Two groups: coastal areas and mountain
settlements.
● Coastal areas (Manila, Mindoro, Cebu,
Southern Mindanao, and Sulu) seem to
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B. REDUCCION ● Establishment of science-based public
● Barangays were organized into fewer but services.
larger, more compact towns within the
area of church bells. DEVELOPMENTS
● Cabezas de barangays served as the
lowest level of local government. ● Secularized public education.
● Gobernadorcillo or Captain Municipal ● Department of Public Instruction:
was elected. Introduced free primary education with
● Tribute tax was imposed and collected. English as the medium of instruction (led
● Compulsory labor services (Polo y by Thomasites).
Servicio) were enforced on native ● Philippine Normal School: Training
Filipinos. ground for Filipino teachers.
● Compulsory sale of local products to the ● University of the Philippines: A
government was implemented publicly-supported higher institution.
C. AGRICULTURE
● In 1887, the Manila School of
Agriculture was created by royal decree
but opened only in July 1889.
● During the first two centuries, there was
very little development in Philippine
agriculture and industry.
● The Spanish colonizers relied on the
Galleon trade (Manila-Acapulco) from
1565 to 1813, bringing Chinese goods to
Latin America (silk, clothes, porcelain) and
Mexican silver to Manila.
● Manila became the center of import and
export and for collection and distribution,
but the Philippines did not benefit directly;
instead, China acted as trade middlemen
and retailers.

LOCAL INDUSTRIES that flourished in Manila

● Weaving
● Embroidery
● Hat making
● Carriage making
● Rope Making ● Social Sciences, Humanities,
● Cigar Cigarette making International Policies and Governance,
Education.
● Physics, Engineering and Industrial
3.) AMERICAN REGIME
Research, Earth, Space and Life
Science, and Mathematics.
CONTRIBUTING FACTOR:
● Medical, Chemical, and Pharmaceutical
Sciences.
● Support for an extensive public
● Biological Sciences, Agriculture, and
education system.
Forestry.
● Scholarships in science and engineering.
● Organization and establishment of
science research agencies. Economic Context:
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● The economy remained agriculturally
defined.
● The country continued to be an exporter
to the U.S. of various agricultural crops
and an importer of U.S. manufactured
products.

4.) COMMONWEALTH PERIOD

NATIONAL ECONOMIC AND DEVELOPMENT

AUTHORITY

● independent cabinet-level agency of the

Philippine government responsible for
economic development and planning

NATIONAL POWER CORPORATION

● mandated to provide electricity to all rural

areas of the Philippines by 2025 (known
as "missionary electrification"), and to
manage water resources for power
generation

PHILIPPINE FIBER INDUSTRY DEVELOPMENT

AUTHORITY

● promoting the accelerated growth and

development of the fiber industry in the
Philippines

5.) PERIOD SINCE INDEPENDENCE

● Give birth to learning institutions such as

Department of Education and Culture (
now DepEd) and the Department of
Science and Education (DOST)
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● Blueprint among government agencies,
CHAPTER 4: THE PHILIPPINE SCIENCE
AND TECHNOLOGY AGENDA AND academic institutions, private sectors
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS entities and other stakeholders for
coordinating research and development
Science and technology play an INTEGRAL efforts with the primary goal of addressing
PART in human development and the society. the countries most pressing challenges
and opportunities
● To put and END to ignorance
● Increases perception of a fact or situation
● It awaken the ability to use all resources
● Improves our creativity and quality of life

Science and technology in the Philippines

describe scientific and technological process
made by the philippines

Various Significant changes that happened in the

society are brought by science and technology

A. HARMONIZED NATIONAL R&D

AGENDA (HNRDA) 2017-2022
● Direct towards the realization of economic 1. NATIONAL INTEGRATED BASIC
and social benefits of mankind AGENDA ( NIBRA)
● In line with AmBisyon natin 2040: ● Express support in the Philippine
● Matatag (aiming for a resilient and robust development plan, National Security Plan,
economy characterized by strong and The science for change Program led
institutions, responsive governance, and a by DOST
cohesive community) ● Focus on basic principle of Research
● Maginhawa (a society where every
HAS 6 PROGRAMS
Filipino enjoys a comfortable standard of
living with access to basic necessities, a. Water Security - TUBIG program “tubig
quality education, healthcare, and other ay buhayin at ingatan”
essential services) b. Food and Nutrition Security - SAPAT
● Panatag na Buhay para sa lahat program “Sapat na Pagkain para sa lahat”
(emphasizing a safe and secure c. Health Sufficiency - LIKAS Program
environment where individuals and “likas yaman sa kalusugan”
communities feel protected from various d. Clean Energy - ALERT program
risks, including those related to health, “Alternative energy research trends”
livelihood, and natural disasters) e. Sustainable Community - SAKLAW
● Has Three (3) Pillars: program
1. MALASAKIT (Enhancing the Social f. Inclusive Nation- Building - ATIN
Fabric) - aiming for resilient and program “ Ang Tinig natin”
2. PAGBABAGO ( Reducing Inequality)
3. KAUNLARAN (Increasing potential 2. HEALTH RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
growth) AGENDA

UPDATED BY SCIENCE AND Collaborating Agencies

TECHNOLOGY 2022-2028
● Philippine Council for Health Research
and Development (PCHRD)
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● National Unified Health Research
Agenda (NURAH)

5. DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND CLIMATE

CHANGE ADAPTATION

Research are evaluated and finalized by;

● Philippine Institute of Volcanology and

Siesmology (PHIVOLCS
3. AGRICULTURE, AQUATIC AND NATURAL ● Philippine Atmospheric Geological and
RESOURCES (AANR) Astronomical Services Administration
(PAG-ASA)

RESEARCH PRIORITIES:

This sector also support also:

● Organic Agriculture
● Halal Food Production
● Food Safety and Traceability
AGENCIES RESPONSIBLE FOR THE
● Development of GMO
IMPLEMENTATION OF THE HARMONIZED
(This empowers farmers) R&D AGENDA (2022 - 2028)

4. INDUSTRY, ENERGY AND EMERGING 1. Department of Science and Technology

TECHNOLOGY ● Lead Agency responsible for the
preparation of harmonized R&D agenda.
● Philippine Council for Industry, Energy and 2. National Research Council of the
Emerging Technology Research and Philippine (NRCP)
Development (PCIEERRD - DOST) is ● Agency Composed of over four thousand
Responsible for the implementation of the Researchers, Scientists, and Experts
research priorities under this: 3. Philippine Council for Health Research
and Development (PCHRD)
● Mandated as the National Coordinating
body for health researches in the country
4. Philippine Council for Industry, Energy
and Emerging Technology Research
and Development (PCIEERD)
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● Aims to strengthen support in R&D, - Still one of the Strategic Programs of
development of human resource and DOST with the Objective of Achieving
Institution, Diffusion of Information and Higher Level of Competitiveness.
Technology, Development of Policies. ● IRRADIATED CARRAGEENAN
5. Philippine Institute of Volcanology and FERTILIZER - PCAARRD
Seismology (PHIVOLCS ) - Collaboration between nuclear scientists
● Evaluates and Harmonizes the Agenda for and Agriculturists
DRR And Climate Change Adaptation - Boost the Resiliency of Rice Plants
6. Philippine Atmospheric Geophysical
and Astronomical Services
Administration (PAGASA)
● Responsible for giving typhoon signals
and tsunami alerts
7. Philippine Council for Agriculture,
Aquatic and Natural Resources
Research and Development
(PCAARRD)
● Conduct Consultation with the ● ELECTRIC TRAIN PROJECT - DOST
Representative from other Agencies doing - Enhance the efficiency of Public mass
R&D Functions in Agriculture, Aquatic and transport Systems
Natural Sciences. - Adapted by the Department of
Transportation and Communications
GOV’T POLICIES PERTAINING TO S&T ● PROJECT NOAH (NATIONWIDE
OPERATIONAL ASSESSMENT OF
1. REPUBLIC ACT 10055 -Philippine HAZARD - PAG-ASA, PHIVOLCS AND
Technology Act of 2009 ADVANCE SCIENCE AND
● Aims to provide Framework and support TECHNOLOGY INSTITUTE (ASTI)
system for ownership, management, use - Primary Disaster Risk Reduction and
and commercialization of intellectual Management Program of the Country
property resulting from R&D funded by the - In partnership with UP National Institute of
Gov’t. Geological sciences and UP College of
2. REPUBLIC ACT 2067 - Science Act of Engineering
1958
● Focuses on the Integration, Coordination,
and Intensification of science and
technological research and development
and fostering inventions.

● DREAM PROJECT (DISASTER RISK

MAJOR SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
AND EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT FOR
DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS IN THE
PHILIPPINES MITIGATION PROGRAM) - DOST
- P1- Billion comprehensive mapping
● BALIK SCIENTIST PROGRAM project
- Motivate well-trained overseas Filipino - Identity hazard prone areas in the country
experts to come home to the philippines - Uses LiDAR System to Effectively and
and share their expertise Accurately Measure Critical Flood
- Developed in 1975 elevation and depth
-
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CHAPTER 5: SCIENCE EDUCATION IN THE PHILIPPINE SCIENCE HIGH SCHOOL
PHILIPPINES
- A specialized public high school in the
1. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION country which operates as an attached
(DEPED) agency of the DOST
- Oversees the implementation of the - Regarded as the TOP HIGH SCHOOL IN
school curricula and school programs in THE PHILIPPINES and perceived among
both elementary and High school the best Asean Region in 1016.
2. COMMISSION ON HIGHER EDUCATION
(CHED) TERTIARY EDUCATION
- Created a separate Entity under RA 7722
in 1994 ● Focuses on the preparation of science
- Oversee the system of higher education teachers, Scientists, Engineers, and other
and formulate policies, plans, and Professionals
programs for the development of public ● The state provide Scholarships to
and private higher education. encourage more students to pursue
science course
SCIENCE EDUCATION: WHAT ABOUT IT?
THE PROBLEM IN SCIENCE EDUCATION
● Science Education in the Philippines starts
during your basic education years and will ● Teacher - Student Ratio
still be present until college ● Lack of Science Education Facilities
● Enhance the learner’s questioning skills, ● Limited Scholarships
values and attitudes and critical thinking
skills.
● Students will be ready to accept life
challenges which will also be significant to
the society where they are part of

THE K-12 PROGRAM

● Science is one of the subject taught in

elementary and Secondary Schools under
the K-12 Program of the Department of
Education
● The K-12 Science Curriculum provide;
● Learner with a repertoire of competencies
important in the world of work and in a
knowledge-based society

SCIENCE CURRICULUM HAS 3 DOMAINS:

1. Understanding and Applying scientific

knowledge in local setting as well as
global contact whenever possible
2. Performing Scientific processes and
Skills
3. Developing and Demonstrating
Scientific Attitude and Values