FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS equipment specifications shall be provided at an approved location IF 907.8 Inspection, testing and maintenance. The mainte- nance and testing schedules and procedures for fie alarm and fire detection systems shall be in accordance with Section 907.9 ofthe International Fire Code SECTION 908 EMERGENCY ALARM SYSTEMS. IF] 908.1 Group H occupancies. Emergency alarms for the detection and notification of an emergency condition in Group H occupancies shall be provided in accordance with Section 4147. [F} 908.2 Group 11-5 occupancy. Emergency alarms for noti- fication of an emergency condition in an HPM facility shall be provided as required in Section 415.846. A continuous gas-detection system shall be provided for HPM gases in tocordance with Section 415.8.7. [F] 908.3 Highly toxic and toxic materials. A gas detection, system shall be provided to detect the pretence of highly toxic or oxic gas aor below the permissible exposure limit (PEL) or ceiling limit ofthe gas for which detection is provided. The sys- tem shall be capable of monitoring the discharge from the teat ‘ment system at orbelov one-half the immediately dangerous to life and health (DLH) limit Exception: A gas~detection system is not required for toxic gases when the physiological warning threshold level for the gas is ata level below the accepted PEL forthe gas. [F] 908.3.1 Alarms. The gas detection system shall initiate a Tocal alarm and transmit a signal fo a constantly attended control station when a short-lerm hazard condition is detected, The alarm shall be both visible and audible and shall provide warning both inside and outside the area where gas is detected. The audible alarm shall be distinct, fom al other alarms. Exception: Signal transmission o a constantly attended contol station is not required when not more than one cylinder of highly roxic or toxic gas is store. [F] 908.3.2 Shutoff of gas supply. The gas detection sys- tem shall automatically close the shutoff¥valve atthe ource fon gas supply piping and tubing related tothe system being rmionitored for whichever gas is detected Exception: Automatic shutdown is not required for reactors utilized for the production of highly toxic or ‘oxic compressed gases where such reactors are 1. Operated at pressures less than 15 pounds per square inch gauge (psig) (103.4 kPs). 2. Constantly attended. 3, Provided with readily accessible emergency shut- off valves. [F] 908.3.3 Valve closure. The automatic closure of shutoff Valves shall be in accordance with the following: 1. When the gas-detection sampling point initiating the gas detection system alarm is within a gas cabinet or exhausted enclosure, the shutoffvalve inthe gas cabi- net of exhausted enclosure for the specific gas detected shall automaticaly close 2. Where the gas-detection sampling point initiating the gas detection system alarm ie within a gae room and. ‘Compressed gaz containers are notin gas cabinets oF exhausted enclosures, the shutoff valves on all gee lines for the specific gas detected shall automatically lore. 4. Where the gas-detection sarapling point initiating the 8 detection system alarm is within apiping dstribu- tion manifold enclosure, the shutoff valve for the compressed container of specific gas detected supply’ {ng the manifold shall automaticaly clos. Exception: When the gas-detection sampling point init- ating the gas-detecton system alarm is at a use location or within a gas valve enclosure of a branch line down- siream of 2 piping distribution manifold, the shutoff valve in the gas valve enclosure for the branch line located in the piping distribution manifold enclosure shall automatically close, [F] 908.4 Ozone gas-generator rooms. Ozone gas-generator rooms shall be equipped with a continuous gas-detection sys- tem that will shut off the generator and sound a local alarm when concentrations above the PEL occur [] 908.5 Repair garages. A flammable-gas detection system Shall be provided in repair garage for ethics fored by nonodorized gases in avordance with Section 406.66 [908.6 Refrigerant detector. Machinery rooms shall con- tain a refrigerant detector with an audible and visual alarm, The detector, ora sampling tube that draws air tothe detector, shall bbe located in an area where refrigerant from a leak will concen: trate. The alarm shall be actuated ata valve not greater than the corresponding TLV-TWA values for the refrigerant classifica- tion indicated in the International Mechanical Code. Detectors and alarme shall be placed in approved ocations SECTION 909 SMOKE CONTROL SYSTEMS IF] 909.1 Scope and purpose. This section applies to mechan- ical or passive smoke control systems when they are required by other provisions ofthis code. The purpose ofthis section is {o establish minimum requirements for the design, installation and acceptance testing of smoke control systems that are intended to provide a tenable environment for the evacuation of relocation of occupants. These provisions are not intended for the preservation of contents, the timely restoration of opera- tions or for assistance in fire suppression or overhaul activities, ‘Smoke control systems regulated by this section serve a differ- {ent purpose than the smoke- and heat-venting provisions found in Section 910. Mechanical smoke control systems shall not be ‘considered exhaust systems under Chapter 5 of the Znterna- tional Mechanical Code. [F] 909.2 General design requirements. Buildings, structures or parts thereof required by this code to have a smoke control syslem or systems shall have such systems designed in accor: 2009 INTERNATIONAL BUILDING CODESdance withthe applicable requirements of Section 909 and the generally accepted and well-established principles of engi- neering relevant to the design. The construction documents shall include sufficient information and detail to adequately describe the elements of the design necessary for the proper implementation of the smoke conitol systems, These docu iments shall be accompanied by sufficient information and analysis to demonstrate compliance with these provisions (F] 909.3 Special inspection and test requizements. In addi- tion to the ordinary inspection and test requirements which buildings, structures and parts thereof are required to undergo, smoke control systems subject tothe provisions of Section 909 shall undergo special inspections and tests sufficient to verily the proper commissioning of the smoke control design in its final installed condition, The design submission accompany- ing the construction documents shall clear detail procedures and methods tobe used and the items subject to such inspec- tions and tests. Such commissioning shall be in accordance with generally accepted engineering practice and, where possi- ble’ based on published standards for the particular testing involved. The special inspections and ests required by this see= tion shallbe conducted under the sanse terms in Section 1704, [F] 909.4 Analysis. A rational analysis supporting the types of smoke control systems o be employed, heirmethods of pera- tion, the systems supporting them and the methods ofconstruc- tion to be utilized shall accompany the submitted construction documents and shall include, but not be limited to, the iteme indicated in Sections 909.4.1 through 909.46 [F]909.4.1 Stack effect. The system shall be designed such thatthe maximum probable normal or reverse stack effect will not adversely interfere withthe system's capabilities, In determining the maximum probable stack effect, altitude, elevation, weather history and interior temperatures shall be sed, IF] 909.42 Temperature effect of fire. Buoyancy and expansion caused by the design fire in accordance with Sec~ tion 909.9 shall be analyzed. The system shall be designed such that these effects do not adversely interfere with the system's capabilities. IF] 909.4.3 Wind effect. The design shall consider the adverse effects of wind, Such consideration shall be consis tent with the wind-loading provisions of Chapter 16. IF] 909.44 HVAC systems. The design shall consider the effects of the heating, ventilating and air-conditioning GIVAC) systems on both smoke and fire transport. The analysis shall include all permutations of systems status The design shall consider the effects ofthe fie on the HVAC systems. IF] 909.4.5 Climate, The design shall consider the effects ‘of low temperatures on systems, property and occupants Air inlets and exhausts shall be located so a to prevent snow or ice blockage, [F] 909 4.6 Duration ofoperation. All portions of active or passive smoke control systems shall be capable ofcontinued ‘operation after detection ofthe fire event fo a period of not less than either 20 minules or 1.5 times the calculated egrese time, whichever is leas 2009 INTERNATIONAL BUILOING CODE IE PROTECTION SYSTEMS IF] 909.5 Smoke barrier construction. Smoke barriers shall ‘comply with Section 710, and shall be consteueted and sealed to limit leakage areas exclusive of protected openings. The ‘maximum allowable leakage area shall be the aggregate area calculated using the following leakage area ratios: 1. Wats AIA, =0.00100 2. Esitenctosures: AIA, =0.00035 3. Allothershatts AIA, =0.00150 4, Floors and roofs AA, =0.00050 where: A = Total leakage area, square feet (m3. Unit floor oF roof area of bari, square feet (ms. Ale Unit wall area of barrier, square feet (mn The leakage area ratior shown do not include openings due to doors, operable windows or similar gaps. These sball be included in calculating the total leakage area, (F] 909.5.1 Leakage area. The total leakage area ofthe bat- tier isthe product ofthe smoke barrier gross area multiplied by the allowable leakage area ratio, plus the area of other ‘openings such as gaps and operable windows. Compliance shall be determined by achieving the minimum air pressure difference across the barrier with the system in the smoke ‘control mode for mechanical smoke contol systems. Pas sive smoke control systems tested using other approved ‘means such as door fan testing shall be as approved by the fire code official [F]909.5.2 Opening protection. Openings in smoke barri- cersshall be protected by aulomatic-closing devices actuated by the required controls for the mechanical smoke control system. Door openings shall be protected by fire door assemblies complying with Section 715.43, Exceptions 1. Passive smoke control systems with auto- matic-closing devices actuated by spot-type smoke detectors listed for releasing. service installed in accordance with Section 907.3 Fixed openings between smoke zones that ae pro- tected utilizing the airflow method. 3, In Group 1-2, where such doore are installed across corridors, a pair of opposite-swinging doors with- ‘out a center mullion shall be installed having vision panels with fire protection-rated glazing ‘materials in fire protection-rated frames, the area ‘of which shall not exceed that feted, The doors shall be close-fitting within operational tolerances fand shall not have undercuts, louvers or grilles ‘The doors shall have head and jamb stops, astrc gals or rabbets at meeting edges and shall be auto- ratic-closing by smoke detection in accordance with Section 715.48.3. Positive-latching devices are not required, 4. Group 3 208FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS 5. Openings between smoke zones with clear ceiling heights of 14 feet (4267 mm) or greater and bank-down capacity of greater than 20 minutes as determined by the design fire size [F] 909.5.2.1 Ducts and air transfer openings. Ducts and air transfer openings are requited to he protected ‘with a minimum Class I, 250°F (121°C) smoke damper complying with Section 716. IF] 909.6 Pressurization method. ‘The primary mechanical means of controlling smoke shall be by pressure differences across smoke barriers. Maintenance ofa tenable environment is not required in the smoke control zone of fire origin IF] 909.6.1 Minimum pressure difference. The minimum pressure difference across a smoke barrier shall be 6.05-inch water gage (0.0124 KPa) in fully sprinklered buildings In buildings permitted to be other than fully sprinkled, the smoke control system shall be designed to achieve pres sure differences at least wo times the maximum calculated pressure difference produced by the design fie IF] 909.62 Maximum pressure difference. The maxi- rum air pressure difference across a smoke barriershall be determined by required door-opening or closing fores. The actual force required to open exit doors when the system is in the smoke control mode shall be in accordance with Sec- tion 1008.1.2. Opening and closing forces for other doors shall be determined by standard engineering methods for Ube resolution of forces and reactions. The calculated force to seta side-hinged, swinging door in motion shall be deter mined by: FoF +KWAAPIRUNE where: (Equation 9-1) A. = Door area, square feet (mn. d_ = Distance from door handle to latch edge of door, feet (mm, F = Total door opening force, pounds (N) F.,= Force required to overcome closing device, pounds wv. K = Coefficient 52 (1.0), W = Door width, feet (m) A [F 909.7 Airflow design method. When approvedby the fire code official, smoke migration through openings fixed ina pe manently open position, which are located between smoke control zones by the use ofthe airflow method, shall be permit- ted. The design airflow shall be in accordance with this section. Airflow shall be dizected to limit smoke migration from the fie zone. The geometry of openings shall be considered to prevent flow reversal from turbulent eflects Design pressure difference, inches of water (Pa). IF] 9097.1 Velocity. The minimum average velocity through a fixed opening shall not be less than 208 172 fh (Tp TOT #4603) 2 For Si: v= 119.9 fo (Tp Te/Tps0 (Equation 9.2) where: Jy = Height of opening, feet (a, T, = Temperature of smoke, of (). Tp = Temperature of ambient ait, of (K), v= Air velocity, feet per minute (nyminute) IF] 909.7.2 Prohibited conditions. This method shall not be employed where either the quantity of ar or the velocity of the airflow wall adversely affect other portions of the smoke control system, unduly intensify the fire, disrupt plume dynamics or interfere with exiting. In no case shall Airflow toward the fite exceed 200 feet per minute (1.02 rns), Where the formula in Section 909.7. requires airflow to exceed this limit, the airflow method shall not be used. [F] 909.8 Exhaust method. When approvedby the fire code official, mechanical smoke contro fr large enclosed volumes such as in atriums or malls, shall be permitted to utilize the fexhaust method, Smoke control systeme using the exhaust ‘method shall be designed in accordance with NFPA 928, {F} 909.8.1 Smoke layer. The height ofthe lowest horizon- tal surface ofthe smoke layer interface shall be maintained at least 6 feet (1829 mm) above any walking surface that forms a portion of a required egress system within the smoke zone IF] 909.9 Design fire. The design fie shal be based on 2 ratio nal analysis performed by the registered design professional and approvedby the fte code official. The design fie shall be based on the analysis in accordance with Section 909.4 and this section IF] 909.9.1 Factors considered. The engineering analysis shall include the characteristics ofthe fuel, fut load, effects included by the fre and whether the fire is likely to be steady or unsteady. {F] 909.92 Separation distance. Determination of the design fire shall include consideration of the type of fuel, fuel spacing and configuration, {F] 909,9.3 Heat-release assumptions. The analysis shall make use of best available data from approvedsources and. shall not be based on excessively stringent limitations of combustible material [F] 909.9.4 Sprinkler effectiveness assumptions. A docu- ‘mented engineering analysis shall be provided for condi- lions that assume fire growth is halted at the time of sprinkler activation, (F] 909.10 Equipment. Equipment including, but not limited fo, fans, ducts, automatic dampers and balance dampers, shall ‘be suitable fr its intended ue, suitable for the probable expo- sure temperatures thatthe rational analysis indieates and as ‘approved'by the fite code official 2009 INTERNATIONAL BUILDING CODES[F] 909.10.1 Exhaust fans. Components of exhaust fans shall be rated and certified by the manufacturer forthe prob- able temperature tise to which the components will be exposed. This temperature rise shall be computed by T= (Qime) +(T) where: (Equation 93) © = Specific heat of smoke at smoke layer temperature, Brulbot (Wik. ‘m_ = Exhaust rate, pounds per second (gs) Qc = Convective heat output offre, Bruls (kW) T, = Ambient temperature, of (K) T, = Smoke temperature, of (K) Exception: Reduced T,as calculated based on the assur ance of adequate dilution air [F] 909.10.2 Ducts. Duct materiale andjoints shall be capa- ble of withstanding the probable temperatures and pressures to which they are exposed as determined in accordance with Section 909.10-1. Ducts shall be constructed and supported in accordance with the International Mechanical Code. Ducts shall be leak tested to 1.5 times the maximum design pressure in accordance with nationally accepted practices. “Measured leakage shall not exceed 5 percent of design flow. Results of such testing shal be a part of the documentation, procedure, Ducts shall be supported directly from fire-resis- lance-rated structural elements of the building by substan- tial, noncombustible supports. Exception; Flexible connections (for the purpose of vibration isolstion) complying with the International Mechanical Code, that ate constructed of approved fire-resistance-rated materials, [F] 909.10.3 Equipment, inlets and outlets. Equipment shall be located s0 a8 to-not expose uninvolved portions of the building to an additional Gre hazard, Outside air inlets shall be located s0 as o minimize the potential for introduc ing smoke or flame into the building, Exhaust outlets shall be 20 located as to minimize reintvoduetion of smoke into the building and to limitexposure ofthe building or adjacent buildings to an additional fre hazard [F] 909.104 Automatic dampers. Automatic dampers, regardless ofthe puspose for which they at installed withia, the smoke control system, shall be listedand conform to the requirements of approved, recognized standards IF] 909.105 Fans. In addition to other requirements belt-iriven fans shall have 1.5 times the number of belts requited for the design duty, with the minimum number of belts being two. Fans shall be selected for stable perfor- ‘mance based on normal temperature and, where applicable, elevated temperature. Calculations and manufacturers fan curves shall be par ofthe documentation proceduses. Fans shall be supported and restrained by noncombustible devices in accordance with the requirements of Chapter 16, Motors driving fans shall not be operated beyond their nameplate horsepower (kilowatts), as determined from measurement of actual current draw, and shall have a mini rum service factor of 1.15. 2009 INTERNATIONAL BUILOING CODE IE PROTECTION SYSTEMS [F) 909.11 Power systems. The smoke control system shall be supplied with two sources of power. Primary power shall be from the normal building power systems. Secondary power shall be from an approved standby source complying with Chapter 27 of this code. The slandby power source and its transfer switches shall be in a room separate from the normal power transformers and switch gears and ventilated directly to nd from the exterior. The room shall be enclosed with not less than L-hour fie barriers constructed in accordance with Sec tion 707 of horizontal assemblies constructed in accordance with Section 712, o both [F] 909.11.1 Power sources and power surges. Elements ofthe smoke management system relying on volatile mem- fries or the like shall be supplied with uninterruptable power sources of suficient duration to span a IS-minute pri ‘mary power interruption. Elements of the smoke manage ‘ment system susceptible to power surges shall be suitably protected by conditioners, suppressors or other approved IF] 909.12 Detection and control systems. Fire detection sys- tems providing control input or output signals to mechanical smoke control systems or elements thereof shall comply with the requirements of Section 907. Such systems shall be ‘equipped with a control unit complying with UL 864 and listed {# smoke control equipment Control systems for mechanical smoke control systems shall include provisions for verification. Verification shall include positive confirmation of actuation, testing, manual override, the presence of power downstream of all disconnects and through a preprogrammed weekly test sequence, report abnor ‘mal conditions audibly, visually and by printed repor. {F] 909.12.1 Wiring. In addition to meeting requirements ‘OfNFPA 70, all wiring, regardless of voltage, shall be fully enclosed within continuous raceways, IF] 909.12.2 Activation, Smoke control systems shall be activated in accordance with this section, IF] 909.122.1 Pressurization, airflow or exhaust method, Mechanical smoke control systems using the pressurization, airflow or exhaust method shall have completely automatic contol [F} 909,12.2.2 Passive method, Passive smoke control systems actuated by approved spot-type detectors listed {for releasing service shall be permitted. [F] 909.123 Automatic control. Where completely auto- ‘matic control is required or used, the automatic-control sequences shall be initiated from an appropriately zoned automatic sprinkler system complying with Section 903.3.1.1, manual controls that are readily accessible tothe fire department and any smoke detectors required by engi- neering analysis. [F] 909.13 Control air tubing. Control air tubing shall be of sufficient size to meet the required response times. Tubing shall be flushed clean and dry prior to final connections and shall be adequately supported and protected from damage. Tubing passing through concrele or masonry shall be sleeved and pro- {ected from abrasion and electrolytic action. 207FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS IF] 909.13.1 Materials. Conteol-sir tubing shall be bard. drawn copper, Type L. ACR in accordance with ASTM B. 42, ASTM B 43, ASTM B 68, ASTM B 88, ASTM B 251 and ASTM B 280, Fittings shall be wrought copper or bras, solder type in accordance with ASME B 16.18 or ASME. B16.22. Changes in direction shall be made with appropri ate tool bends. Brass compression-type fittings shall be used a final connection to devices; other joints shall be brazed Using a BCuPS brazing alloy with solidus above 1.100F (693°O) and liguids below 1,500" (816°C), Brazing flux shall be used on copper-to-brass joints only. Exception: Nonmetallic tubing used within control pan- cls and atthe final connection to devices provided all of the following conditions are met 1. Tubing shall be listed by an appro flame and smoke characteristics, -dageney for 2. Tubing and connected devices shall be completely enclosed within a galvanized or paint-grade steel enclosure having a minimum thickness of 0.0296 inch (0.7534 mm) (No. 22 gage). Entry 10 the enclosure shal be by copper tubing with a prot tive grommet of neoprene or teflon or by suitable brass compression to male barbed adapter 4 Tubing shall be identified by appropriately docu- rented coding. 4, Tubing shall be neatly tied and supported within the enclosure. Tubing bridging cabinets and doors ormoveable devices shal be of sufficient length to avoid tension and excessive sess, Tubing shall be protected against abrasion, Tubing serving devices on doors shall be fastened along hinges. [F] 909.13.2 Isolation from other functions. Control tub- ing serving other than smoke control functions shall be iso- Iated by automatic isolation valves or shall be an independent system. [F] 909.133 Testing. Control air tubing shall be tested at three times the operating pressure for not less than 30 min tutes without any noticeable loss in gauge pressure prior (0 final connection to devices. [F] 909.14 Marking and identification. The detection and control aystems shall be clearly marked at all junctions, accesses and terminations. [F} 909.15 Control diagrams. Identical control diagrams showing all devices inthe system and identifying their location and function shall be maintained current and Kept on file with the fire code official the fire department and in the fire com- mand center ina format and manter approvedby the fire chic, [F) 909.16 Fire-fighter’s smoke control panel. A. fire-fighters smoke control panel for fie department emer- geney response purposes only shall be provided and shall inclide manual contzol or override of automatic control for ‘mechanical smoke control systems. The panel shall be located ina fire command center complying with Section 911 in high: rise buildings or buildings with smoke-protected assembly seating. In all other buildings, the fie-fighter's smoke control pane! shall be installed in an approvedlocation adjacent to the 208 fire alarm control panel. The fie-fighter’s smoke control panel shall comply with Sections 909.16.1 through 909.16,3, {F] 909.16,1 Smoke control systems. Fans within the building shall be shown on the firefighter’ control panel. A cleat indication ofthe direction of airflow and the elation- ship of components shall be displayed. Status indicators shall be provided forall smoke control equipment, anntnci- ated by fan and zone, and by pilot-lamp-type indicators as Tellows: their 1. Fans, dampers and other operating equipmet normal status- WHITE. 2. Fans, dampers and other operating equipment in their off or closed status-RED. 3. Fans, dampers and other operating equipment in their (on of open status-GREEN, 4. Fans, dampers and other operating equipment in a fault status-YELLOW/AMBER {F] 909.162 Smoke control panel. The fire-fighters con- trol panel shall provide contcol capability ver the complete smoke-control system equipment within the building a fl- lows 1. ON-AUTO-OFF control over each individual piece ‘of operating smoke control equipment that can also be controled from other sources within the building This includes stairway pressurization fans; smoke exhaust fans. supply, return and exhaust fans; eleva {or shaft fans and other operating equipment used or intended for smoke control purposes OPEN-AUTO-CLOSE control over individual dampers relating to smoke control and that are also Controlled from other sources within the building. 3. ON-OFF of OPEN-CLOSE control over smoke con- trol and other critical equipment associated with a fre ‘or smoke emergency and that can only be controlled from the fire-ighler's contro panel Exceptions: 1. Complex systems, where approved, where the ‘controls and indicators aze combined 10 control ‘and indicate all elements ofa single smoke zone a8 2 Complex systems, where approved, where the ‘control is accomplished by computer interface using approved, plain English commands. IF] 909.163 Contzol action and priorities, The fre- fighters control panel actions shall be as follows: 1, ON-OFF and OPEN-CLOSE control actions shall have the highest priority of any control point within, the building. Once issued from the fite-fighte's con- ‘001 panel, no automatic or manual control from any other conirol point within the building shall contra ‘ict the contol action, Where aucomatic means ate provided to interrupt normal, nonemergency equip- ‘ment operation or produce a specific result to safe- guard the building or equipment (Le, duct freezestats, duct smoke detectors, highctemperafure cutouts, em- 2009 INTERNATIONAL BUILDING CODESperature-actuated linkage and similar devices), such ‘means shall be capable of being overridden by the fire-fighters control panel. The last control action a& indicated by each fire-fighter's control panel switch position shal prevail. Inno case shall contro actions require the smoke control system to assume more than one configuration at anyone time. Exception: Power disconnects required by NFPA. 70, 2 Only the AUTO position of each three-position fire-fighters control panel switch shall allow auto- ‘matic or manual control action from other control points within the building. The AUTO position shall bbe the NORMAL, nonemergency, building control porition, Where a firefighter s control panel isin the ‘AUTO position, the actual status of the device (on, ‘off, open, cored) shall continue 10 be indicated by the status indicator described above. When directed by an automatic signal to assume an emergency condition, the NORMAL position shall become the emergency condition for that device or group of devices within the zone, In no case shall conteol actions requize the smoke control system fo assume more than one eon figuration at anyone time. [F] 909.17 System response time. Smoke-control system acti- vation shall be initiated immediately after receipt of an appro- priate automatic or manual activation command, Smoke ‘control systems shall activate individual components (such as dampers and fan) inthe sequence necessary to prevent physic cal damage to the fans, dampers, ducts and other equipment For purposes of smoke contol, the fire-fighters control panel response time shall be the same for automatic or manual smoke ‘control action initiated from aay other building contol point ‘The total response time, including that necessary for detection, shutdown of operating equipment and smoke control systera startup. shall allow for fall operational mode to be achieved before the conditions in the space exceed the design smoke condition. The system response time for each component and their sequential relationships shall be detailed in the required rational analysis and verification of their installed condition reported in the required final report [F] 909.18 Acceptance testing. Devices, equipment, compo- nents and sequences shal be individually ested, These tests, in dation those required by other provisions ofthis code, shall Consist of determination of function, sequence and, where appliable, capacity of their installed condition [F] 909.18.1 Detection devices. Smoke or fie detectors that are a part of smoke control system shall be tered in accordance with Chapter 9 in their installed condition, When applicable, this testing shall include verification of airflow in both minimum and maximum conditions [F] 909.18.2 Ducts. Ducts that are patt of smoke contcol system shal be traversed using generally accepted practices to determine actual air quantities IF] 909.18.3 Dampers. Dampers shall be tested for func- thon in their installed condition, FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS [F] 909.18.4 Inlets and outlets. Inlets and outlets shall be read using generally accepted practices to determine air quantities. [F] 909.18.5 Fans. Fans shall be examined for correct ota tion, Measurements of voltage, amperage, revolutions per ‘minute (cpm) and belt tension shall be made [F]_ 909.18.6 Smoke barriers. Measurements using inclined manometers or other approved calibrated measur ing devices shall be made ofthe pressure differences across smoke barriers. Such measutements shall be conducted for ‘each possible smoke control condition [F] 909.18.7 Controls. Each smoke zone equipped with an automatie-initiation device shall be pat into operation by the actuation of one such device. Each additional device within the zone shall be verified to cause the same sequence with- ‘out requiring the operation of an motors inorder to prevent damage, Control sequences shall be verified throughout the system, including verification of overside from the fire-fighter's control panel and simulation ofstandby power conditions [F] 909.188 Special inspections for smoke control. ‘Smoke control systems shall be tested by aspecial inspector [F] 909.1881 Scope of testing. Special inspections shall be conducted in accordance with the following: 1. During erection of ductwork and prior to conceal= ment for the purposes of leakage (esting and recording of device location. 2. Prior to occupancy and after sullicient completion for the purposes of pressure-difference testing, flow measurements, and detection and control ver ification, [F] 909.18.8.2 Qualifications. Special inspection agen- cies for smoke contol shall have expertise in ire protec- tion engineering, mechanical engineering and cenifiation as air balances. IF] 909.18.8.3 Reports. A complete report of testing shall be prepared by the special inspector or special inspectionagency. The report shall include identification of all devices by manufacturer, nameplate data, design values, measured values and identification tag or mark ‘The report shall be reviewed by the responsible regis: tered design professional and, when salisfied that the design intent has been achieved, the responsible regis tered design professional shall sea, sign and date the report [F] 909.18.8.3.1 Report filing. A copy of the final report shall be filed with the fire code official and sn. identical copy shall be maintained in an approved location a the building [F] 909.18.9 Identification and documentation. Chars drawings and other documents identifying and locating ‘each component ofthe smoke control system, and describ- ing its proper function and maintenance requirements, shall ‘be maintained on file at the building as an attachment tothe 209FIRE PROTECTION SYSTEMS report required by Section 909.18.8.3. Devices shall have an “approved identifying tag or mark on them consistent with the other required documentation and shall be dated indicat- ing the lasttime they were successfully tested and by whom, [F} 909.19 System acceptance. Buildings, ox postions thereof, required by this code to comply with this section shall not be issued a cenificate of occupancy until such time thatthe fice code official determines that the provisions ofthis secon have beeen fully complied with and that the fire department has received satisfactory instruction on the operation, both auto: matic and manval, of the system, Exception: In buildings of phased construction, a tempo- rary certificate of occupancy, az approved by the fre code oficial, shall be allowed provided that those portions ofthe building to be occupied meet the requirements ofthis seo tion and thatthe remainder does not pose a significant har~ ard to the safety of the proposed occupants or adjacent buildings 909.20 Smokeproof enclosures. Where required by Section 1022.9, a smokeproof enclosure shall be constructed in ac dance with this seetion. A smokeproof enclosure shall consist of an enclosed interior exi stairwaythat conforms 10 Section 1022.1 and an open exterior balcony or ventilated vestibule ‘meeting the requirements ofthis section. Where access to the roof is required by the International Fire Code, such access shall be from the smokeproof enclosure where a smokeproof enclosure ie required, 909.20.1 Access. Access to the stair shall be by way of a ‘vestibule or an open exterior balcony. The minimum dimen- sion ofthe vestibule shall not be less than the required with, fof the corridor leading to the vestibule but shall not have a width ofess than 44 inches (1118 mam) and shall not ave a Tength of ess than 72 inches (1829 mm) in the direction of egress travel 909.20.2 Construction, The smokeproofenclosure shall be separated from the remainder of the building by not less than 2-hour fire barriers constructed in accordance with Section 707 or horizontal assemblies consteucted in accor dance with Section 712, or both. Openings are not permitted other than the required means ofegress doors. The vestibule shall be separated from the stairwayby not less than 2-hour Jfire barriers constructed in accordance with Section 707 or horizontal assemblies constructed in accordance with S tion 712, of both. The open exterior balcony shall be con- structed in accordance with the fireresistance rating ¥e~ auirements for floor assemblies 909,20.2.1 Door closers. Doors in a smokeproof enclo- sre shall be self: or automatic closing by actuation of smoke detector in accordance with Section 715.4 and shall be installed at the Tloor-side entrance to the smokeproof enclosure. The actuation of the smoke {detector on any door shall activate the closing devices on all doors in the smokeproof enclosure at all levels Smoke detectors shall be installed in accordance with Section 907.3. 210 190920.3 Natural ventilation alternative. The provisions of Sections 909.20.3.1 through $09.20.3.3 shall apply to ventilation of smokeproof enclosures by natural means. 909,20,3.1 Balcony doors, Where access tothe stairway is by way of an open exterior balcony, the door assembly into the enclosure shall be a fire door assemblyin accor: dance with Section 715.4, 909,20.3.2 Vestibule doors. Where access to the stair: wayis by way of a vestibule, the door assembly into the vestibule shall be a fre door assembly complying with Section 715-4. The door assembly from the vestibule to the stairwayshall have not less than a 20-minute fire pro tection rating complying with Section 715.4 909.2033 Vestibule ventilation. Hach vestibule shall have a mininvum net area of 16 square feet (15 m} of opening in a wall facing an outer court, yard or public waythat is a least 20 feet (6095 mm) in width 909.204 Mechanical ventilation alternative. The provi sone of Sections 909.20.4.1 through 909.20.4.4 shall apply. to ventilation of smokeproof enclosures by mechanical 909.20.4.1 Vestibule doors. The door assembly from the building into the vestibule shall be a fire daor assembly complying with Section 715.43. The door assembly from the vestibule tothe stairwayshall not have lees than ‘20-minute fire protection rating and meet the require rents for a smoke door assembly in accordance with Section 715.43. The door shall be installed in accor «dance with NFPA. 105, 909.20.4.2 Vestibule ventilation. The vestibule shall be supplied with not ess than one airchange per minute and the exhaust shall not be less than 150 percent of suppl. Supply air shall enter and exhaust air shall discharge from the vestibule through separate. tighily constructed ducts used only for that purpose. Supply air shall enter the vestibule within 6 inches (152 mm) ofthe floer level “The top of the exhaust register shall be located atthe top fof the smoke trap but not more than 6 inches (152 mm) down from the top ofthe trap, and shall be entzely within the smoke trap area, Doors inthe open position shall not obstruct duct openings. Duct openings with controlling dampers are permitted where necessary to mect the design requirements, but dampers are not otherwise required, 909.20.4.2.1 Engineered ventilation system. Where a specially engineered system is used. the system shall exhaust a quantity of airequal to not less than 90, air changes per hour from any vestibule in the emer gency operation mode and shall be sized to handle three vestibules simultaneously. Smoke detectors shall be located atthe floor-rde entrance to each ves tibule and shall activate the system for the affected vestibule. Smoke detectors shal be installed in accor- ance with Section 907.3, 909,20.4.3 Smoke trap, The vestibule ceiling shall be at least 20 inches (508 mm) higher than the door opening. 2009 INTERNATIONAL BUILDING CODES{nto the vestibule to serve asa smoke and heat trap and to provide an upward-moving air column, The height shall, not be decreased unless approvedand justified by design and tet 909.20.4.4 Stair shaft air movement system. The stair shaft shall be provided with a dampered relief opening, and supplied with sufficient ait fo maintain a minimum positive pressure of 0.10 inch of water (25 Pa) inthe shaft felative tothe vestibule with all doors close. 909.205 Stair pressurization alternative. Where the building is equipped throughout with an automatic sprin ler system n accordance with Section 903.311, the vesti~ bule is not required, provided that interior exitstarwaye are pressurized to a minimum of 0.10 inches of water (25 Pa) and a maximum of 0:35 inches of water (87 Pa) in the shaft relative to the building measured with all stairway doors loved under maximum anticipated conditions of stack ‘effect and wind effect 1909.20.6 Ventilating equipment. The activation of venti- lating equipment required by the altematives in Sections 909.20.4 and 909.20.5 shall be by smoke detectors installed at each floor level at an approvedlocation at the entrance to the smokeproof enclosure, When the closing device for the stairshaft and vestibule doors is activated by smoke detec tion of power failure, the mechanical equipment shal acti= vale and operate atthe required performance levels. Smoke detectors shall be installed in accordance with Section 9073, 909,20.6.1 Ventilation systems. Smokeproof enclosure ventilation systems shall be independent of other build- ing veatilation systems. The equipment, control wiring, power wiring and ductwork shall comply with one ofthe following: 1. Equipment, control wiring, power wiring and ‘ductwork shall be located exterior tothe building and ditectly connected to the smokeproof enclo- sure of connected tothe smokeproof enclosure by ductwork enclosed by not less than 2-hour fire barriers constructed in accordance with Section 707 ot horizontalassemblies constructed in accor- dance with Section 712, or both 2, Equipment, control wiring, power wiring and ductwork shall be located within the smokeproof ‘enclosure with intake or exhaust directly from and tothe outside or through ductwork enclosed by not less than 2-hour fire barriers constructed in accor- dance with Section 707 of horizontal assemblies constructed in accordance with Section 712, of Doth 3. Equipment, control wiring, power wiring and ‘ductwork shall be located within the building if separated from the remainder of the building, including other mechanical equipment, by not less than 2-hour fire barriers constructed in accor- dance with Section 707 of horizontal assemblies 2009 INTERNATIONAL BUILOING CODE IE PROTECTION SYSTEMS constructed in accordance with Section 712, oF both, Exceptions 1, Control witing and power wiring utilizing 2-hour rated cable or cable system. 2. Where encased with not less than 2 inches (51 of concrete 1909.20.62 Standby power. Mechanical vestibule and stair shaft ventilation systems and automatic fire detec- tion systems shall be powered by an approved standby power system conforming to Section 403.4.7 and Chap- ter 27. 909.20.6.3 Acceptance and testing, Before the mechan- ical equipment is approved, the system shall be tested in the presence of the building oficial to confirm thatthe system is operating in compliance with these requize- ments, SECTION 910 SMOKE AND HEAT VENTS. IF] 910.1 General. Where required by this code or otherwise installed, smoke and heat vents, or mechanical smoke exhaust systems, and draft curtains shall conform to the requitements of this section Exceptions: 1. Frozen food warehouses used solely for storage of Class I and Il commodities where protected by an approved automatic sprinkler system. 2 Where areas ofbuildings are equipped with early sup- pression fast-response (ESFR) sprinklers, automatic fmoke and heat vente shall not be required within these areas IF] 910.2 Where required. Smoke and heat vents shall be installed in the roofs of one-story buildings or portions thereat ‘occupied forthe uses se forth in Sections 910.2.1 and 910.2.2 (F] 9102.1 Group F-1 or S-I. Buildings and portions thereof used as a Group F-Lor S-I occupancy having more than $0,000 square feet (4645 m4 in undivided area Exception: Group $-I aircraft repair hangars. [F] 91022 High-piled combustible storage. Buildings and portions thereof containing high-piled combustible stock or rack storage in any occupancy group in accordance ‘with Section 413 and the International Fire Code. . [F] 910.3 Design and installation. The design and installation ‘ofsmoke and heat vents and draft curtains shall be as specified ‘in Sections 910.3.1 through 910,3,5.2 and Table 910.3, {F]910.3.1 Design. Smoke and heat vents shall be listedand labeled to indicate compliance with UL 793. IF] 910.3.2 Vent operation. Smoke and heat vents shall be capable of being operated by approvedautomatic and man- 1ual means, Automatic operation of smoke and heat vents aL