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Mock Cat 9

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56 views114 pages

Mock Cat 9

Uploaded by

Sparshika Khanna

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Mock CAT – 09 2018

Scorecard (procreview.jsp?sid=aaa5BycB_LJvH-TdBuPHwSun Jan 20 07:20:31 UTC

2019&qsetId=Z2ncLrlPaPQ=&qsetName=Mock CAT – 09 2018)

Accuracy (AccSelectGraph.jsp?sid=aaa5BycB_LJvH-TdBuPHwSun Jan 20 07:20:31 UTC

2019&qsetId=Z2ncLrlPaPQ=&qsetName=Mock CAT – 09 2018)

Qs Analysis (QsAnalysis.jsp?sid=aaa5BycB_LJvH-TdBuPHwSun Jan 20 07:20:31 UTC

2019&qsetId=Z2ncLrlPaPQ=&qsetName=Mock CAT – 09 2018)

Video Attempt (VideoAnalysis.jsp?sid=aaa5BycB_LJvH-TdBuPHwSun Jan 20 07:20:31 UTC

2019&qsetId=Z2ncLrlPaPQ=&qsetName=Mock CAT – 09 2018)

Solutions (Solution.jsp?sid=aaa5BycB_LJvH-TdBuPHwSun Jan 20 07:20:31 UTC

2019&qsetId=Z2ncLrlPaPQ=&qsetName=Mock CAT – 09 2018)

Bookmarks (Bookmarks.jsp?sid=aaa5BycB_LJvH-TdBuPHwSun Jan 20 07:20:31 UTC

2019&qsetId=Z2ncLrlPaPQ=&qsetName=Mock CAT – 09 2018)

Toppers (Toppers.jsp?sid=aaa5BycB_LJvH-TdBuPHwSun Jan 20 07:20:31 UTC

2019&qsetId=Z2ncLrlPaPQ=&qsetName=Mock CAT – 09 2018)

VARC

LRDI

Sec 1
Directions for questions (1 to 6): The passage below is accompanied by a set of six questions. Choose the
best answer to each question.

Arti cial intelligence is becoming good at many “human” jobs—diagnosing disease, translating languages,
providing customer service—and it’s improving fast. This is raising reasonable fears that AI will ultimately
replace human workers throughout the economy. But that’s not the inevitable, or even most likely,
outcome. Never before have digital tools been so responsive to us, nor we to our tools. While AI will
radically alter how work gets done and who does it, the technology’s larger impact will be in
complementing and augmenting human capabilities, not replacing them.

Certainly, many companies have used AI to automate processes, but those that deploy it mainly to displace
employees will see only short-term productivity gains. In our research involving 1,500 companies, we
found that rms achieve the most signi cant performance improvements when humans and machines
work together. Through such collaborative intelligence, humans and AI actively enhance each other’s
complementary strengths: the leadership, teamwork, creativity, and social skills of the former, and the
speed, scalability, and quantitative capabilities of the latter. What comes naturally to people (making a
joke, for example) can be tricky for machines, and what’s straightforward for machines (analyzing
gigabytes of data) remains virtually impossible for humans. Business requires both kinds of capabilities.

To take full advantage of this collaboration, companies must understand how humans can most effectively
augment machines, how machines can enhance what humans do best, and how to redesign business
processes to support the partnership.

Humans need to perform three crucial roles. They must train machines to perform certain tasks; explain
the outcomes of those tasks, especially when the results are counterintuitive or controversial; and sustain
the responsible use of machines (by, for example, preventing robots from harming humans).

Machine-learning algorithms must be taught how to perform the work they’re designed to do. In that
effort, huge training data sets are amassed to teach machine-translation apps to handle idiomatic
expressions, medical apps to detect disease, and recommendation engines to support nancial decision
making. In addition, AI systems must be trained how best to interact with humans.

Organizations that use machines merely to displace workers through automation will miss the full
potential of AI. Such a strategy is misguided from the get-go. Tomorrow’s leaders will instead be those that
embrace collaborative intelligence, transforming their operations, their markets, their industries, and—no
less important—their workforces.

Q.1
Which of the following has been portrayed as a shortcoming of employing AI as a part of the automation
process?

1 It will ultimately replace human workers.

2 It will yield short term increase in productivity.

3 The training, explaining, and sustenance of AI or machines will not be possible.

4 Things like making jokes and using idiomatic expressions, which come naturally to humans, will not
be possible for AI.
Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 2
Genre: Science and Technology
 Answer key/Solution
It is a tricky but ‘doable’ factual question.
Option 1 – It has been denied by the author himself. Refer to the lines – “This
is raising ...But that’s not the inevitable, or even most likely, outcome.”
Option 2 – It is the correct answer. Refer to-“… but those that deploy it mainly to displace employees will
see only short-term productivity gains.”
Options 3 and 4 – These are just lines picked from the passage. These don’t answer the question. These
types of options which are quoted ‘out of context’ are normal traps set by question setters.
FeedBack

Directions for questions (1 to 6): The passage below is accompanied by a set of six questions. Choose the
best answer to each question.

1 Both should supplant each other.

2 Both should compliment each other.

3 Both should supplement each other.

4 Both should comply with each other.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 3
Genre: Science and Technology
 Answer key/Solution
It’s a very easy question and it actually resembles a vocabulary based
question.
According to the given passage, the author stresses on the fact that the full
potential of AI will be harnessed only if it works with the human force and not in isolation. Refer to- “…the
technology’s larger impact will be in complementing and augmenting human capabilities, not replacing
them.” This makes option 3 the correct answer.
Option 1 – Supplant means to replace. It is not factually supported by the passage.
Option 2 – Compliment is not the same as ‘complement’. The latter has been mentioned in the passage.
Option 4 – It is out of context. There is no mention of ‘comply’ in the passage.
FeedBack
Directions for questions (1 to 6): The passage below is accompanied by a set of six questions. Choose the
best answer to each question.

Q.3
With which of the following would the author most likely agree?

1 AI systems cannot be made to work with the human work force as they will always surpass human
intelligence.

2 AI didn’t create the humans but it is the other way round and the former can be trained to work with
humans.

3 The use of AI will bene t a company in the long run.

4 The only duty of the humans is to learn how to use AI accurately and without any hindrance.
Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 2
Genre: Science and Technology
 Answer key/Solution
It is a moderate level inferential question.
Option 1 – It goes against the tone of the passage. The author emphasises the
importance of mutual cooperation between AI and humans.
Option 2 – It is the correct answer. Refer to the 4th and 5th paragraph. Both the paragraphs state that
machines should be trained to understand human work force.
Option 3 – It is a twisted inference. The author says that the use of AI will help the companies in the short
term. It will be bene cial in the long run only if human workers and AI work together. Hence, this is not
correct.
Option 4 - ‘Without any hindrance’ makes it incorrect as nothing has been mentioned about using AI
accurately or without restriction.
FeedBack
Directions for questions (1 to 6): The passage below is accompanied by a set of six questions. Choose the
best answer to each question.

Q.4
Which of the following cannot be inferred from the given passage?

1 Humans and the AI systems should learn to understand each other for better collaborative
performance.

2 Companies where AI replaces human work force will not be able to harness the full potential of AI.

3 Business policies should be reinvented so that both AI and humans work together.

4 AI training should be given to all so that one may learn to use certain important applications.
Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 4
Genre: Science and Technology
 Answer key/Solution
It is an inference based question which is actually like a main idea question.
All other options except 4 can be derived from the passage.
Option 1 – It is the main idea or message of the passage.
Option 2 – It can be inferred from the rst two paragraphs.
Option 3 – It again reiterates the main idea or message of the passage.
Option 4 - The passage does not talk about AI training which should be given to humans. Hence, it is the
correct answer.
FeedBack

Directions for questions (1 to 6): The passage below is accompanied by a set of six questions. Choose the
best answer to each question.

1 understand and evaluate the full potential of AI so that the machines can augment the process of
automation.

2 understand the relationship between human and AI.

3 understand how the full potential of AI can be harnessed.

4 understand the roles of humans in the age of AI and what they should do to remain relevant in the
workforce.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 3
Genre: Science and Technology
 Answer key/Solution
It is a simple main idea question. The need is to eliminate the narrow or broad
options.
The given passage states that the full potential of AI can be harnessed only if
it complements the human work force. So, it answers the question how AI systems can be harnessed
completely for betterment of technology and improvement of human life forms. This makes option3, the
correct choice.
Option 1 – The author doesn’t support complete automation. Hence, this can’t be the main idea.
Option 2 – The author focuses on human workers and AI. He is restricted to the eld of business and
production.
Option 4 – It is out of context as the author doesn’t suggest any alternative. He also says that humans will
not be redundant as workers.
FeedBack
Directions for questions (1 to 6): The passage below is accompanied by a set of six questions. Choose the
best answer to each question.

Q.6
Which of the following does not depict the role of humans as far as their training of machines is
concerned?

1 Sustainable use of machines should be a priority.

2 When controversial results are arrived at with the help of AI, the outcomes should be monitored.

3 Train AI systems to understand and aid life saving apps.

4 Teaching AI systems to be able to understand idiomatic expressions.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 3
Genre: Science and Technology
 Answer key/Solution
It is, again, a factual question which requires a close reading of the text. Refer
to the lines – “Machine-learning algorithms must be taught how to perform
the work they’re designed to do. ...AI systems must be trained how best to
interact with humans.”
Options 1, 2, and 4 – These are supported by the above mentioned lines.
Option 3 - The lines talk about “medical apps to detect disease” but it is not mentioned anywhere in the
passage that AI systems should be made to understand the implications of any lifesaving app. Hence, it is
the correct answer.
FeedBack
Directions for questions (7 to 12): The passage below is accompanied by a set of six questions. Choose
the best answer to each question.

As soon as you step into a top position at a company that needs to signi cantly improve the way it
operates, there’s pressure to get off to a quick start.

Yet the best way to succeed, paradoxically, is to slow things down.

Forces pushing in the other direction — toward hyper speed — are powerful, of course. You must prove you
are the right leader by getting the organization to deliver better results, and soon. That’s why you were
brought in.

So, you set out for early wins in what seem like obvious areas to x — on the cost side, perhaps the speed
of processes within production, and on the revenue side, the size of the sales force.

But rushing toward early wins, even in areas that seem uncontroversial, can be unexpectedly hazardous.
That’s because when a new leader takes hold, changes aren’t just about e ciency or revenue; they are also
about people’s feelings of vulnerability and uncertainty about what the changes will mean for them.

No matter how sophisticated and mature the new leader may be, rushing too quickly toward early wins can
deprive the new leader of the insight needed to understand the culture and build relationships. As a
consequence, quick wins may soon be undone, or they may beget new leadership problems.

Deliberately slowing down allows you to clarify what the people around you want most, the effects of your
behavior, sources of resistance, and the rami cations of your decisions. The result: You will have more
control over the pace of your transition to new leadership responsibilities and the company’s transition to
its new era.

In Thinking, Fast and Slow, the psychologist Daniel Kahneman explores the intricacies of judgment and
argues that different tempos of decision making are better for different challenges. Fight/ ight/freeze
decisions must be intuitive and quick. But actions that are complex and require careful judgment must be
made more slowly and deliberately.

In order to build coalitions, a new leader must recognize that a handoff at the top is unsettling for
everyone. Employees wonder how expectations of them will change, and executives worry about the effect
on their power bases. It takes months for a new leader to allay concerns and win loyalty — a reality even
for a leader who is promoted from within and is therefore a known quantity.

Subordinates will follow a leader they can count on. Decisiveness is an important factor, but more
important is wise judgment in the face of complex, important challenges. Followers want the leader to
listen to their ideas and merge them with her own, and they want to see her handle di cult problems
carefully. This requires controlling the action and slowing down the pace.

Q.7
Which of the following qualities can make one a good leader?

1 Being focused on quick wins

2 Being intuitive and quick in decision making

3 Being a sophisticated and mature yet people’s person

4 Being more in control of the pace of decision making

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 4
Genre: Management
 Answer key/Solution
This is a very simple passage with some really easy questions.
This is a factual question. However, it requires a close understanding of the
main idea of the passage.
Option 1 – It is the exact opposite of what the passage says.
Option 2 – It is partially correct as the author mentions this with respect to one type of situation. The
complex situation requires a slower kind of decision making.
Option 3 – This is both vague and irrelevant.
Option 4 –It best captures the author’s argument in the rst ve paragraphs. He talks about a successful
leader being more control of the pace of the decision making.
FeedBack
Directions for questions (7 to 12): The passage below is accompanied by a set of six questions. Choose
the best answer to each question.

As soon as you step into a top position at a company that needs to signi cantly improve the way it
operates, there’s pressure to get off to a quick start.

Yet the best way to succeed, paradoxically, is to slow things down.

So, you set out for early wins in what seem like obvious areas to x — on the cost side, perhaps the speed
of processes within production, and on the revenue side, the size of the sales force.

Q.8
Which of the following situations requires a slow and a deliberate judgement?

1 Winning loyalty and respect of one’s superiors and subordinates

2 Evaluation of multifarious problems

3 Assessment of simple yet dichotomous decisions

4 Delivering productive results in a timely fashion

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 2
Genre: Management
 Answer key/Solution
This is an easy factual question.
Refer to- “But actions that are complex and require careful judgment must be
made more slowly and deliberately.” In option 2, multifarious means complex.
Hence it is the correct answer.
FeedBack
Directions for questions (7 to 12): The passage below is accompanied by a set of six questions. Choose
the best answer to each question.

As soon as you step into a top position at a company that needs to signi cantly improve the way it
operates, there’s pressure to get off to a quick start.

Yet the best way to succeed, paradoxically, is to slow things down.

So, you set out for early wins in what seem like obvious areas to x — on the cost side, perhaps the speed
of processes within production, and on the revenue side, the size of the sales force.

Q.9
As per the passage, a new leader should:

1 focus on ful lling the expectations of the disgruntled employees.

2 try to assuage the dissatisfaction that is an inevitable outcome of any change in power.

3 assuage the insecurities of senior employees who may suddenly feel irrelevant.
4 harness a patient attitude in order to earn loyalty and build coalition.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 4
Genre: Management
 Answer key/Solution
This is a fact based question which also requires some skills of inference.
Refer to- “It takes months for a new leader to allay concerns and win loyalty —
a reality even for a leader who is promoted from within and is therefore a
known quantity.”
Option 1 – This is irrelevant. The author talks about a leader’s ability to build relationship. But this option
talks about an extreme situation where blind support by the leader will be counterproductive.
Option 2 – ‘Inevitable...any’ make this an extreme and logically fallacious conclusion.
Option 3- This is wrong too. Refer to the logic given for option 1.
Option 4 – This is the correct answer.
FeedBack
Directions for questions (7 to 12): The passage below is accompanied by a set of six questions. Choose
the best answer to each question.

As soon as you step into a top position at a company that needs to signi cantly improve the way it
operates, there’s pressure to get off to a quick start.

Yet the best way to succeed, paradoxically, is to slow things down.

So, you set out for early wins in what seem like obvious areas to x — on the cost side, perhaps the speed
of processes within production, and on the revenue side, the size of the sales force.

Q.10
What does the author mean by the sentence - “Yet the best way to succeed, paradoxically, is to slow things
down”?

1 For a new leader, a slow and deliberate approach ensures more sustainable and long term gains.

2 For a new leader, it is of paramount importance to slow down in order to ght powerful forces pushing
in the other direction — toward hyper speed.
3 For a new leader, a slow and steady approach brings in more dividends than being sophisticated and
mature.

4 For a new leader, being slow and calculating results in better coalition with employees who change
their expectations.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 1
Genre: Management
 Answer key/Solution
It is a factual question. However, one needs to keep in mind the main idea of
the passage too.
Refer to the last paragraph-“. Followers want the leader to listen to their ideas
and merge them with her own, and they want to see her handle di cult problems carefully.” This makes 1,
the standout option.
Option 2 - It is too literal and too extreme.
Option 3 – There is no comparison between one’s decision making speed and personality traits.
Option 4 – ‘Calculating’ makes this incorrect.
FeedBack
Directions for questions (7 to 12): The passage below is accompanied by a set of six questions. Choose
the best answer to each question.

As soon as you step into a top position at a company that needs to signi cantly improve the way it
operates, there’s pressure to get off to a quick start.

Yet the best way to succeed, paradoxically, is to slow things down.

So, you set out for early wins in what seem like obvious areas to x — on the cost side, perhaps the speed
of processes within production, and on the revenue side, the size of the sales force.

Q.11
The article primarily focuses on:

1 evaluation of employee-leader relationship.

2 analysing the requirements of effective leadership.

3 highlighting the perils of being quick and fast as a leader.

4 exploring the potential of new and slow leadership.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 2
Genre: Management
 Answer key/Solution
It is a moderate level main idea question. One needs to eliminate options in
order to arrive at the right answer. Also, one needs to understand the tone of
the author.
Refer to the opening sentence of the paragraph. As soon as you step into a top position at a company that
needs to signi cantly improve the way it operates, there’s pressure to get off to a quick start. The passage
entirely focuses on the skills required by a new leader to become successful. So, option 2 is the correct
answer.
Option 1 – It is too narrow. ‘Evaluation’ is also not the right tone.
Option 3 – It is too narrow. It also suggests a negative tone for the passage. The author is very neutral in
his stance.
Option 4 – It is too narrow.
FeedBack
Directions for questions (7 to 12): The passage below is accompanied by a set of six questions. Choose
the best answer to each question.

As soon as you step into a top position at a company that needs to signi cantly improve the way it
operates, there’s pressure to get off to a quick start.

Yet the best way to succeed, paradoxically, is to slow things down.

So, you set out for early wins in what seem like obvious areas to x — on the cost side, perhaps the speed
of processes within production, and on the revenue side, the size of the sales force.

Q.12
Which of the following best de nes the word rami cation?

1 An expected consequence of an event

2 Arriving at a disastrous consequence from an underestimated action

3 A complex or unwelcome consequence of an action or event

4 An easy solution to a complex problem

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 3
Genre: Management
 Answer key/Solution
Option 3 de nes the term ‘rami cation’ correctly. It is a vocabulary based
question. Hence, there is no need for elimination.
FeedBack

Directions for questions (13 to18): The passage below is accompanied by a set of six questions. Choose
the best answer to each question.

In asking about the origins of human language, we rst have to make clear what the question is. The
question is not how languages gradually developed over time into the languages of the world today. Rather,
it is how the human species developed over time so that we — and not our closest relatives, the
chimpanzees and bonobos — became capable of using language.

And what an amazing development this was! No other natural communication system is like human
language. Human language can express thoughts on an unlimited number of topics (the weather, the war,
the past, the future, mathematics, gossip, fairy tales, how to x the sink...). It can be used not just to
convey information, but to solicit information (questions) and to give orders. Unlike any other animal
communication system, it contains an expression for negation — what is not the case. Every human
language has a vocabulary of tens of thousands of words, built up from several dozen speech sounds.
Speakers can build an unlimited number of phrases and sentences out of words plus a smallish collection
of pre xes and su xes, and the meanings of sentences are built from the meanings of the individual
words. What is still more remarkable is that every normal child learns the whole system from hearing
others use it.

The question, then, is how the properties of human language got their start. Obviously, it couldn't have
been a bunch of cavemen sitting around and deciding to make up a language, since in order to do so, they
would have had to have a language to start with! Intuitively, one might speculate that hominids (human
ancestors) started by grunting or hooting or crying out, and 'gradually' this 'somehow' developed into the
sort of language we have today. (Such speculations were so rampant 150 years ago that in 1866 the
French Academy banned papers on the origins of language!) The problem is in the 'gradually' and the
'somehow'. Chimps grunt and hoot and cry out, too. What happened to humans in the 6 million years or so
since the hominid and chimpanzee lines diverged, and when and how did hominid communication begin to
have the properties of modern language?

Of course, many other properties besides language differentiate humans from chimpanzees: lower
extremities suitable for upright walking and running, opposable thumbs, lack of body hair, weaker muscles,
smaller teeth — and larger brains. According to current thinking, the changes crucial for language were not
just in the size of the brain, but in its character: the kinds of tasks it is suited to do — as it were, the
'software' it comes furnished with. So the question of the origin of language rests on the differences
between human and chimpanzee brains, when these differences came into being, and under what
evolutionary pressures.

Q.13
Which of the following is not a point of distinction between human language and other natural
communication systems?

1 The purpose of human language goes beyond just conveying of information.

2 An endless number of semantic units can be formed by properly combining basic meaning–conveying
roots.

3 The range of vocabulary in human languages is inde nite.

4 Human language can be used to convey thoughts on a countless number of topics.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 3
Genre: Linguistics
 Answer key/Solution
This is a tricky factual question. The passage, too, is slightly di cult to read.
The options are very close.
Option 3 – It is factually inaccurate. There is a line in the passage which says
that the vocabulary of every human language comprises tens of thousands of words. This does not mean
that the range of vocabulary in human languages is inde nite.
Option 2 – It might look confusing but a closer look will tell us that this option is nothing but a paraphrase
of this sentence – “Speakers can build an unlimited number of phrases and sentences out of words plus a
smallish collection of pre xes and su xes...” Hence, it is a point of distinction.
Options 1 and 4 – These are directly mentioned in the passage.
FeedBack

Directions for questions (13 to18): The passage below is accompanied by a set of six questions. Choose
the best answer to each question.

Q.14
Which of the following is the aw in the speculation that human language eventually developed from the
grunting and hooting of early hominids?

1 It oversimpli es the process of human language development.

2 It posits that the key is the difference in the evolutionary process between humans and apes.

3 It assumes that early men were different from apes.

4 It does not acknowledge the role played by environmental factors.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 1
Genre: Linguistics
 Answer key/Solution
It is a question which requires the application of inferential reasoning.
The answer to this question lies in the last part of the passage. The author
tells us that the problem with the speculation is that it does not explain how
‘somehow’ and ‘gradually’ the hooting and grunting evolved into human language. He even says that
hooting and grunting are displayed by apes. The difference is how the human brain is wired differently and
evolved in a more comprehensive manner than did the brains of apes. It all this is not focused on, we are
oversimplifying the process.
Option 2 – It is not a aw of the speculation, but the alternative and the more feasible explanation of how
human language would have developed uniquely in humans.
Option 3- The author argues against this speculation by citing the example of apes, who also hoot and
grunt but language never developed in them. The statement that humans and apes are different is an
argument used by the author to disprove this speculation. So, this statement is not an assumption in the
speculation.
Option 4 – It is out of context.
FeedBack

Directions for questions (13 to18): The passage below is accompanied by a set of six questions. Choose
the best answer to each question.

Animal communication systems, in contrast, typically have at most a few dozen distinct calls, and they are
used only to communicate immediate issues such as food, danger, threat, or reconciliation. Many of the
sorts of meanings conveyed by chimpanzee communication have counterparts in human 'body language'.
For animals that use combinations of calls (such as some songbirds and some whales), the meanings of
the combinations are not made up of the meanings of the parts (though there are many species that have
not been studied yet). And the attempts to teach apes some version of human language, while fascinating,
have produced only rudimentary results. So the properties of human language are unique in the natural
world.
How did we get from there to here? All present-day languages, including those of hunter-gatherer cultures,
have lots of words, can be used to talk about anything under the sun, and can express negation. As far
back as we have written records of human language — 5000 years or so — things look basically the same.
Languages change gradually over time, sometimes due to changes in culture and fashion, sometimes in
response to contact with other languages. But the basic architecture and expressive power of language
stays the same.

Q.15
According to the author, which of the following would best capture the real essence of the phrase ‘the
origins of language’?

1 The study of how language has evolved from the rudiments into the complex system that we know it
to be

2 The study of how language has evolved as an ability unique to humans beings

3 The study of how body language is common to both apes and humans , and language is unique to
humans

4 The study of the difference in the cerebral software of humans and apes
Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 2
Genre: Linguistics
 Answer key/Solution
This is a tricky question. It requires both factual interpretation of the text and
logical inference from the text.
The author mentions (right at the beginning of the passage) that the moot
point in studying the origins of language is not how language has evolved over the years but how it is
inextricably linked to the evolution of mankind itself. He goes on to explain how the key is that language
developed uniquely in human beings and not in apes. This makes option 2 the answer.
The only other option that looks slightly close is 4. But this can also be eliminated as the difference in the
two processes of evolution is not environmental, but rather that mankind seems to have been uniquely
equipped to develop language.
FeedBack

Directions for questions (13 to18): The passage below is accompanied by a set of six questions. Choose
the best answer to each question.

How did we get from there to here? All present-day languages, including those of hunter-gatherer cultures,
have lots of words, can be used to talk about anything under the sun, and can express negation. As far
back as we have written records of human language — 5000 years or so — things look basically the same.
Languages change gradually over time, sometimes due to changes in culture and fashion, sometimes in
response to contact with other languages. But the basic architecture and expressive power of language
stays the same.
The question, then, is how the properties of human language got their start. Obviously, it couldn't have
been a bunch of cavemen sitting around and deciding to make up a language, since in order to do so, they
would have had to have a language to start with! Intuitively, one might speculate that hominids (human
ancestors) started by grunting or hooting or crying out, and 'gradually' this 'somehow' developed into the
sort of language we have today. (Such speculations were so rampant 150 years ago that in 1866 the
French Academy banned papers on the origins of language!) The problem is in the 'gradually' and the
'somehow'. Chimps grunt and hoot and cry out, too. What happened to humans in the 6 million years or so
since the hominid and chimpanzee lines diverged, and when and how did hominid communication begin to
have the properties of modern language?

Q.16
Which of the following can be inferred from the fact that in 1886, the French Academy banned papers
dealing with the origins of language?

1 All the papers oating around that time were speculative in nature.

2 The Academy was not receptive to the idea of speculation.

3 The papers of that age were not as reasonable as the ones of the present time.

4 The Academy probably got fed up with the glut of speculative papers at that time.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 4
Genre: Linguistics
 Answer key/Solution
This is a di cult inference based question.
The passage says, “Such speculations were so rampant 150 years ago that in
1866 the French Academy banned papers on the origins of language!” This
means that the most probable reason behind the ban is that the Academy did not want to deal with such
speculations anymore. This makes 4 the most probable answer.
Option 1 is unlikely as the statement from the passage says that such speculation was rampant. What is
true for a great number or majority may not be true for all.
Option 2 is slightly far-fetched. The Academy might have been put off by the rampant nature of
speculations but the expression ‘not receptive’ makes this option too extreme.
Option 3 can be eliminated as there can be no comparisons between now and then as we do not have
information about papers nowadays.
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Directions for questions (13 to18): The passage below is accompanied by a set of six questions. Choose
the best answer to each question.

Q.17
Which of the following comes closest to a topic that cannot be expressed in animal communication
systems?
1 An alert for an impending attack by a predator/ intruder

2 Indication of hunger

3 Expressing the degree of pain that one is undergoing

4 Expression of fear

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 3
Genre: Linguistics
 Answer key/Solution
This is a further application question. However, it is very easy.
Animal communication systems can convey only basic, immediate ideas.
Expression of pain may fall under this category but to indicate the degree of
the pain would involve a more complex system of semantics. The other options are relevant to the context.
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Directions for questions (13 to18): The passage below is accompanied by a set of six questions. Choose
the best answer to each question.

Q.18
In which of the following areas does the author admit that there is some uncharted territory left?

1 The fact that the provision to express negation is there even in hunter-gatherer languages.

2 The fact that in all species that use combination calls, the meaning of the whole is not made up of the
constituent parts.

3 The fact that apes cannot progress beyond hooting/grunting and approach human language.

4 The fact that written records of human language has existed for around 5000 years.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 2
Genre: Linguistics
 Answer key/Solution
This is a slightly tricky question. However, it is primarily fact based. Hence, it
can be attempted.
The author cites the examples of ‘some song-birds’ and ‘whales’ to buttress
his point that in species that use combination calls, the meaning of the combination is made up of the
meanings of the constituent parts. In the same breath, he also says that research is yet to be in the case of
many species. This makes option 2 the answer.
All the other options are facts that the author is sure about.
FeedBack
Directions for questions (19 to 21): The passage below is accompanied by a set of three questions.
Choose the best answer to each question.

The French Nobel Prize winning writer Romain Rolland said, 'Where order is injustice, disorder is the
beginning of justice.'

There is disorder and con ict all over the world movements for national self-determination, struggles
against land acquisition by the State, against the dispossession of indigenous people. In such a scenario,
where you nd different kinds of resistance to the project of the nation state, to capitalism, to the project
of unjust social order, what does it mean to talk of 'con ict resolution' and 'peace'? You cannot resolve a
con ict unless you remove the inequality and the injustice that underlie it. It is not a matter of getting
opposing sides to sit and talk to each other-if one party is very powerful and the other is completely
powerless, the con ict can be resolved only in one way. So, sometimes con icts should not be 'resolved',
but should lead to the destabilization of the old order and the establishment of a new, more just social
order.

Behind the notion of a special role for women in peace and con ict resolution lies the assumption that
across all other identities, 'women' have a common bond-women are mothers; women are nurturing;
women want peace. But women can be combatants, they can be violent; they can also want peace, they
can want to resolve con ict; just like men, they too can have a range of motivations.

Of course, it is possible in certain kinds of contexts for women to use their conventional identity to be
peace activists in quite creative ways. So, for example in Sri Lanka, the political formation called The
Mothers' Front that emerged between 1990 and 1993, had a huge grass-roots membership. Basically,
these activists were mothers protesting the disappearance of their sons and male relatives. The 'Women in
Black' in Latin America and many others too, have politically used and creatively played with this identity of
motherhood.

Q.19
The author of this passage would agree with which of the following?

1 Women, usually, prefer peace to con ict.

2 Mothers of all communities have a special solidarity with each other.

3 There is a need to preserve peace and the established order, which is why con ict resolution is
important.

4 Women of the Mother’s Front of Sri Lanka used their maternal identity in a unique way.
Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 4
Genre: Politics / Political Theory / Women’s Studies
 Answer key/Solution
This is an inference based questions. This is also quite tricky.
Option 1 - Incorrect. The author categorically states this as an incorrect
assumption about women.
Option 2 – Incorrect. The author doesn’t talk about ‘mothers of all communities’. Such generalized
conclusions can’t be derived.
Option 3 - Incorrect. The last sentence of the rst paragraph states that resolving con ict, at times,
involves destabilising the old order.
Option 4 – Correct. This is correct as the passage mentions the “creative” way in which women of the
Mothers' Front used their identity.
FeedBack

Directions for questions (19 to 21): The passage below is accompanied by a set of three questions.
Choose the best answer to each question.

The French Nobel Prize winning writer Romain Rolland said, 'Where order is injustice, disorder is the
beginning of justice.'

Q.20
The author quotes Romain Rolland in the beginning of the passage, in order to:

1 support the idea that con ict-ridden communities have a strong reason to ght for peace.

2 assert that order may not necessarily be just and resolving con ict, at times, require destabilisation
and disorder.
3 call out State-sponsored attacks on indigenous people and the need for negotiation with all parties.

4 emphasise the importance of women’s groups in con ict resolution.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 2
Genre: Politics / Political Theory / Women’s Studies
 Answer key/Solution
The author gives examples or cites researches/quotations to put forth his/her
main idea. Hence, an understanding of the main idea will help answer this
question.
Option 1 – This is partially correct. However, it doesn’t capture the main idea of the passage.
Option 2 - The statement attributed to Romain Rolland speaks of con ict and disorder as a way of
establishing peace and justice in places where the existing order, which is the norm, is unjust. In other
words, it questions the practice of equating the existing order with peace. Hence, it is the correct answer.
Options 3 and 4 – These are irrelevant.
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Directions for questions (19 to 21): The passage below is accompanied by a set of three questions.
Choose the best answer to each question.

The French Nobel Prize winning writer Romain Rolland said, 'Where order is injustice, disorder is the
beginning of justice.'

Q.21
The main idea of the passage can be summed up as:

1 the idea that women’s assumed identity based bonds help in resolving con icts is not without merit.
2 the assumption that women share some kind of special bonds in general is problematic.

3 the idea that con icts need resolution all the time is problematic.

4 the assumption that women are always more effective in resolving problems by virtue of their
conventional identities is not without merit.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 1
Genre: Politics / Political Theory / Women’s Studies
 Answer key/Solution
This is a main idea question that focuses on the last paragraph.
The author starts the passage by attacking the stereotypical identities
conferred upon women in terms of their a nity for peace. However, in the last
paragraph, the author does talk about some usage of this traditional belief. So, option 1 is the correct
answer.
Options 2 and 3 – Both are wrong as they don’t match the tone of the author.
Option 4 – ‘Always’ makes it an extreme option. The author cites only a few examples.
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Directions for questions (22 to 24): The passage below is accompanied by a set of three questions.
Choose the best answer to each question.

The invading army reached the outskirts of Rome, which had been left totally undefended. In 410 C.E., the
Visigoths, led by Alaric, breached the walls of Rome and sacked the capital of the Roman Empire.

The Visigoths looted, burned, and pillaged their way through the city, leaving a wake of destruction
wherever they went. The plundering continued for three days. For the rst time in nearly a millennium, the
city of Rome was in the hands of someone other than the Romans. This was the rst time that the city of
Rome was sacked, but by no means the last.

One of the many factors that contributed to the fall of the Roman Empire was the rise of a new religion,
Christianity. The Christian religion, which was monotheistic ran counter to the traditional Roman religion,
which was polytheistic (many gods). At different times, the Romans persecuted the Christians because of
their beliefs, which were popular among the poor.

In 313 C.E., Roman emperor Constantine the Great ended all persecution and declared toleration for
Christianity. Later that century, Christianity became the o cial state religion of the Empire. This drastic
change in policy spread this relatively new religion to every corner of the Empire.

By approving Christianity, the Roman state directly undermined its religious traditions. Finally, by this time,
Romans considered their emperor a god. But the Christian belief in one god — who was not the emperor —
weakened the authority and credibility of the emperor.

Constantine enacted another change that helped accelerate the fall of the Roman Empire. In 330 C.E., he
split the empire into two parts: the western half centred in Rome and the eastern half centred in
Constantinople, a city he named after himself.

Q.22
Which of the following contributed, though indirectly, to the fall of the Roman Empire?
1 The brutality of the invading Visigoths, who left a trail of destruction wherever they went.

2 The Emperor’s inclination to self-aggrandizement in naming a part of the city after himself.

3 The Emperor’s display of religious tolerance towards Christianity, which eventually back red.

4 The unparalleled strength of the new religion, Christianity.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 3
Genre: History
 Answer key/Solution
It is a fact based question but the answer is not too direct.
One of the factors mentioned in the passage is the rise and subsequent
popularity of the new religion, Christianity. This eventually led to the
undermining of the Emperor’s authority and credibility. This whole chain of events was triggered by the
Emperor’s declaration of tolerance for Christianity. This makes 3 the best answer.
Option 4 is a bit extreme .The popularity of Christianity did contribute to the fall of the Empire but to say
that Christianity had ‘unparalleled strength’ is far-fetched.
Option 2 is inappropriate. The division of the Empire into two parts had a role but the act of naming it could
have done virtually nothing.
FeedBack
Directions for questions (22 to 24): The passage below is accompanied by a set of three questions.
Choose the best answer to each question.

Q.23
Which of the following is true about the invading Visigoths?

1 They were favourably inclined towards the new religion Christianity.

2 They left a wake of destruction wherever they went.

3 Their might could not be matched by that of the defending Romans.

4 Their incursion into Rome was met with no challenge.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 4
Genre: History
 Answer key/Solution
This is a fact-inference question as it requires a close reading of the text.
Option 4 - This option is evident in the rst sentence of the passage, “The
invading army reached the outskirts of Rome, which had been left totally
undefended.”
Option 2 – It looks close. The Visigoth’s leaving a wake of destruction is with reference to the speci c
incident of their looting the city of Rome. In short, they left a wake of destruction wherever they went in
Rome. It would be incorrect to generalize it.
Options 1 and 3 – These are factually incorrect.
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Directions for questions (22 to 24): The passage below is accompanied by a set of three questions.
Choose the best answer to each question.

Q.24
Which of the following best captures the essence of the passage?

1 The role of the visigoths in the fall of the Roman Empire

2 The fall of the Roman Empire

3 The rise of Christianity and its contribution to the fall of the Roman Empire

4 What precipitated the fall of the Roman Empire?

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 4
Genre: History
 Answer key/Solution
This is a main idea question. It is easy.
Option 1 is a part of the passage. The Visigoths ransacked Rome, but this is
just a part and not the whole of the passage. This is too narrow as an option.
Option 2 is too narrow. It focuses only on the fall of the Roman Empire, not the factors that contributed to
it.
As far as option 3 is concerned, the popularity of Christianity is only one of the factors that led to the
falloff the Roman Empire.
The whole passage is an answer to the question posed in option 4. This makes it the answer.
FeedBack

Directions for question 25: The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option
that best captures the author’s position.

Q.25
Feelings are not much cop, either. Emotions are probably generated when we notice changes in our bodily
state (this was William James’s insight in the 19th century), rather than bubbling up from some
subconscious to teach us a lesson. Memory is a highly fallible re-creation rather than a retrieval of
information, and political a liations can be in uenced by cognitive biases. People commonly report,
meanwhile, that a solution to some puzzle pops into their head after they have stopped working on it and
taken a walk or a shower. But Chater insists that there is never any “unconscious processing” working on
some problem while we do something else. In his view, the brain can attend to only one thing at a time.

1. According to Chater, our understanding of the merits of feelings, emotions, brain functions are not
entirely correct.
2. According to Chater, we have unwittingly attached far more importance to the human mind than it
actually merits.
3. According to Chater, most tasks that have been attributed to the mind are nothing but bodily functions.
4. According to Chater, people tend to over complicate the workings of the human mind and emotions by
calling these unconscious processes.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 1
All the options are very close. Hence, one needs to apply the method of
 Answer key/Solution
elimination to answer this question.
The passage one step at a time removes certain functions which have been
traditionally associated with the mind. It states that emotions are bodily
responses, memories are not concrete remembrances, and that the brain cannot multitask. Thus, as it
stands according to the passage we have attached too much importance to the mind.
Option 1 – It correctly summarises the given paragraph.
Option 2 – It is too negative. The author doesn’t take such an unfavourable view towards the human mind.
Option 3 – It is factually incorrect.
Option 4 – It goes beyond the scope of the paragraph.
FeedBack
Directions for question 26: The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option
that best captures the author’s position.

Q.26
In every relationship, there are bound to be challenges with child upbringing, mostly due to the uniqueness
of each partner of the relationship. Each partner in a relationship comes mostly from a different family
background, values, character, different strengths and weaknesses, and many other things that may make
someone different from the other. If there can be challenges with child upbringing in relationships where
the partners are from the same culture, multicultural relationships are bound to have even more
challenges.

1. Intercultural relationship is complicated because each partner comes equipped with a different set of
rules and makes child upbringing challenging.
2. Child upbringing is a challenge in every relationship as parents belonging to even the same culture
come from different family backgrounds.
3. Culture delineates background and values and makes upbringing of children di cult in every marriage.
4. Be it a multicultural marriage or a marriage within a same culture, upbringing of children is a
complicated task as both partners have different family backgrounds.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 2
The options are not very close. Hence, we need to watch out for traps.
 Answer key/Solution
The paragraph talks about ‘partnership’ and not ‘marriage’. A relationship may
or may not turn into a marriage. Hence, options 3 and 4 are eliminated.
Option 1- It is incorrect as it speci cally talks about intercultural relationship.
Option 2 – It is the correct answer.
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Directions for question 27: The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option
that best captures the author’s position.

Q.27
Nicholas Cook puts it well: “Of all the works in the mainstream repertory of Western music, the Ninth
Symphony seems the most like a construction of mirrors, re ecting and refracting the values, hopes, and
fears of those who seek to understand and explain it … From its rst performance [in Vienna in 1824] up to
the present day, the Ninth Symphony has inspired diametrically opposed interpretations”. Those
interpretations include those earlier listeners and commentators who heard and saw in it evidence that
Beethoven had lost it compositionally speaking; that the piece, with its incomprehensible scale, nearly
impossible technical demands, and above all its crazily utopian humanist idealism in the choral setting of
Friedrich Schiller’s Ode to Joy in its last movement, amounted to madness.

1. The act of interpreting the Ninth Symphony is futile according to the critics since it involves the societal
position of the interpreter and thus is unstable.
2. The Ninth Symphony has polarised Western music critics ever since its conception.
3. Interpreting the Ninth Symphony according to critics is an exercise de ned by the interpreter’s
subjective experiences.
4. Utopian ideals, according to critics’ contemporary to Beethoven, are more often than not interpreted as
ideals harboured by mad people.
Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 3
In the given passage it is mentioned that, ‘the Ninth Symphony seems the
 Answer key/Solution
most like a construction of mirrors, re ecting and refracting the values,
hopes, and fears of those who seek to understand and explain it’ Later it also
mentions that the resultant interpretations and reactions to the symphony
always varies. Some critics even dismissed it as sheer madness. The symphony since it acts as a mirror
produces the most subjective of interpretations. Option 3 is, thus, the correct summary.
Option 1 – It has a negative tone. It reads as an extreme conclusion.
Option 2 – It is out of context as it also about ‘polarisation’ which is not mentioned in the paragraph.
Option 4 – This is a totally twisted option. It distorts a speci c idea of the paragraph. It also doesn’t
mention the main idea of the paragraph.
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Directions for question 28: The ve sentences (labelled 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) given in this question, when properly
sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labelled with a number. Decide on the proper
order for the sentences and key in this sequence of ve numbers as your answer.

Q.28

1. Legacies contribute a huge sum, around £1.5bn a year, to charities but only 13% of wills contain
charitable bequests compared with 60% of the UK population who say they donate to charity.
2. Many charities would grind to a halt, or be severely affected, without legacy income.
3. "But those legacies come from just 2,500 people a year, which is a tiny proportion of our total support,"
said RNLI fundraising and marketing director, David Brann.
4. Legacy fundraising is an increasingly important area for many charities but how should organisations
raise awareness about this sensitive issue among their supporters?
5. Lifeboat charity RNLI, for example, depends on bequests for two-thirds of its voluntary income.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 41253
4 is the best opening line. It mentions ‘legacy fundraising’ which is the main
 Answer key/Solution
point of the paragraph.
A very obvious mandatory pair is 5 and 3. ‘Those legacies’ and ‘RNLI’ in 3 refer
to the data given in 5.
1 is an explanation of the issue raised in 4. Hence, 4 and 1 become a pair.
2 has to come before 5 and 3. It introduces the consequence of slashing these funds for charities. It can’t
come before 4. So, 41253 is the correct sequence.
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Directions for question 29: The ve sentences (labelled 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) given in this question, when properly
sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labelled with a number. Decide on the proper
order for the sentences and key in this sequence of ve numbers as your answer.
Q.29

1. From just a handful of marathons a few years ago, the country hosted more than 500 last year.
2. As elsewhere in the world, the normalising of 26.2 miles seems to have driven a desire for some runners
to push their limits further.
3. The explosion in road running in China has been well documented.
4. In 2015, Japan and the US recorded the highest number of marathon nishers at just over half a million
each; if China hasn’t already overtaken this number, then it seems certain to do so soon.
5. Such is the level of demand that counterfeit race numbers are a real problem for many Chinese
marathons.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 31452
The paragraph even in a jumbled form talks about China and its fascination
 Answer key/Solution
with running marathons. 3 is the opening sentence as it talks about how the
phenomenon is well documented.
1 provides data to support the ‘explosion’ mentioned in 3. Hence, 31 is a
mandatory pair.
4 shows a future scenario or a hypothetical scenario. It adds to the data given in 1. Hence, 314 becomes a
sequence.
5 introduces a slightly negative tone. It talks about a negative consequence of the ‘explosion’. 2 gives data
to support the claim made in 5. Hence, 31452 is the correct sequence.
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Directions for question 30: The ve sentences (labelled 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) given in this question, when properly
sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labelled with a number. Decide on the proper
order for the sentences and key in this sequence of ve numbers as your answer.

Q.30

1. It, moreover, looks at the world through a core and periphery prism; it doesn’t believe in nation states,
but only in a perpetually expanding Caliphate.
2. This unique positioning is the key reason it managed to attract more foreign ghters than any other
jihadist group.
3. The rest is periphery from where it will attract ghters and resources to enrich the core and expand it
beyond the boundaries “created by men”.
4. The territories which the Caliph has direct control over make up the core of the world system, according
to ISIS.
5. ISIS used both asymmetric and conventional warfare tactics in the battle eld.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 52143
Clue words for the paragraph – ‘Moreover’ in 1. ‘This unique positioning’ in 2.
 Answer key/Solution
‘The rest in 3’.
5 is the opening sentence. 2 makes a mandatory pair with 5. 1 adds to 2.
4 and 3 are mandatory pairs.
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Directions for question 31: The ve sentences (labelled 1, 2, 3, 4, 5) given in this question, when properly
sequenced, form a coherent paragraph. Each sentence is labelled with a number. Decide on the proper
order for the sentences and key in this sequence of ve numbers as your answer.

Q.31

1. The Partition was an unwanted addition to an already full plate of immense problems.
2. One of the biggest problems was that of food, or the lack thereof.
3. In his maiden budget speech, Chetty noted that India’s “food position has continued to cause grave
anxiety both to the Provincial Governments and the Central Government”.
4. The Bengal famine of 1943, which claimed three million lives, was still fresh in memory.
5. Most of India’s 350 million people then lived in staggering poverty.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 15243
1 has to be the opening sentence. It is the broadest sentence in the entire
 Answer key/Solution
paragraph.
‘Then’ in 5 refers to 1. 2 adds to the theme of poverty being the main problem.
Poverty is explained by lack of food. 4 is the example of 2. 3 adds to the
government’s stance on the issue. It will come at the end.
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Directions for question 32: Five sentences related to a topic are given below. Four of them can be put
together to form a meaningful and coherent short paragraph. Identify the odd one out.

Q.32

1. Still, some local number-crunching: 15 Indian troupes came to Calcutta, which sounds good, except that
on seven evenings different productions occupied two venues, so that no theatre lover could actually see
more than half the shows.
2. The logistics and nances involved boggle the mind, begging investigation at a later date.
3. Their psycho-physical intensity convinced me they were dancers, when in fact Maisnam had galvanized
them perfectly, supported by Debarati Majumdar's soundtrack.
4. Over two months, around 400 Indian groups selected for the Eighth International Theatre Olympics are
crisscrossing the country, performing in 17 cities.
5. For now, let us applaud the National School of Drama for planning this stupendous cornucopia - on
paper.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 3
The given paragraph if arranged logically talks about 400 Indian groups taking
 Answer key/Solution
part in International Theatre Olympics. Other than sentence all the other
sentences talk about the event which was held across 17 cities. Sentence 3 is
a 1st person narrative while the other sentences are in 3rd person.
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Directions for question 33: Five sentences related to a topic are given below. Four of them can be put
together to form a meaningful and coherent short paragraph. Identify the odd one out.

Q.33

1. That date is commemorated as World Tuberculosis Day, and the programmes arranged by the World
Health Organization around the day even in 2018 indicate that the biggest killer among infectious
diseases, especially in its recent multi-drug resistant form, is yet to be controlled.
2. Perhaps it is handy among diseases, for where would plots or feelings be without sickness?
3. The death of John Keats in 1821 when he was a little over 25 years of age left the world wondering how
far he would have taken English poetry had he not been struck by consumption.
4. Yet consumption has been traditionally associated with the romantic and the creative.
5. In 1882, Robert Koch announced on March 24 that he had discovered the bacterium that causes
tuberculosis - or consumption

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 2
Other than sentence 2 all other sentences if arranged sequentially talks about
 Answer key/Solution
Tuberculosis and how it is still affecting lives of many. People like John Keats
lost his life to this disease creating a void in the world of poetry. Sentence 2
may seem to talk about the same issue but it cannot be related to the context
of other four sentences.
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Directions for question 34: Five sentences related to a topic are given below. Four of them can be put
together to form a meaningful and coherent short paragraph. Identify the odd one out.

Q.34

1. Despite an overall increase in provision of tap water, the study - the State of the World’s Water 2018 -
charts the gaps within and between nations.
2. While recent headlines have focused on the drought in Cape Town, the NGO WaterAid, which published
the report on Wednesday, noted that communities in many other regions have long been used to queues
and limited supplies.
3. The stress on the South Pole and erratic climate changes has exacerbated the process terribly and the
NGO fears that the worse is yet to come.
4. Water inequality is increasing in the world’s most environmentally stressed nations, warn a report that
shows more than 800 million people need to travel for 30 minutes to access safe supplies.
5. Poor communities face competition over aquifers and rivers with agriculture and factories producing
goods for wealthier consumers.

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 3
4152 can be arranged into a meaningful passage. 3 is the odd one out here
 Answer key/Solution
because, it talks about the South Pole. The mention of an NGO may seem
confusing, but it does not expand on the name or function of the NGO. In
sentence 2 the NGO is named and it published the report.
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Sec 2
Directions for questions 35 to 38: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Six TV shows, TR, CPS, SD, PPK, DC and KSS are to be aired in some order on the same channel from 8
p.m. to 11:20 p.m. with the rst show starting at exactly 8 p.m. and the last show ending at exactly 11:20
p.m. The total length (in minutes) of any of these shows is an integral multiple of 5 and no two shows are
of same length. There must be a commercial break of either exactly 5 minutes or exactly 10 minutes
between the airings of any two consecutive shows. Any commercial break before 8 p.m. and after 11:20
p.m. has not been considered in any of the following clues:
(i) Starting time of SD cannot be before 9 p.m. and there has to be a gap of at least 100 minutes between
the starting times of SD and KSS.
(ii) PPK whose length is 20 minutes will start at exactly 9:40 p.m. and will be followed by a commercial
break of 10 minutes.
(iii) The airing of the shortest show, whose length is 15 minutes, is immediately precedes the airing of the
longest show, whose length is 40 minutes, with a commercial break of 10 minutes between their airings.
(iv) KSS is the last show which starts at exactly 10:50 p.m. and immediately preceded by a commercial
break of 5 minutes.

Q.35
Which of the following can be the second longest show?

1 DC

2 SD

3 CPS

4 Either (1) or (3)

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 4

 Answer key/Solution

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Directions for questions 35 to 38: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Q.36
What is the sum of the lengths (in minutes) of all the commercial breaks in the given duration?

Solution:
 Bookmark
Correct Answer : 35

 Answer key/Solution
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Directions for questions 35 to 38: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Q.37
If DC is the longest show, then what is the ending time of DC?
1 8:15 p.m.

2 9:35 p.m.

3 9:05 p.m.

4 10:45 p.m.

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 3

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Directions for questions 35 to 38: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Q.38
If the sequence of airings remains same as obtained with the help of the given clues but the commercial
breaks are ignored, then which of the following is correct?

1 The airing of DC will immediately follow the airing of TR.

2 The airing of DC can immediately precede the airing of PPK.

3 The airing of TR will immediately precede the airing of KSS.

4 The airing of CPS can immediately precede the airing of SD.

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 4

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Directions for questions 39 to 42: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Lilliput University organised a dance competition in which four students - Irfan, Sachin, Sehwag and Yuvraj
- took part. This dance competition had a total of 3 rounds. The nal ranks, got by the four students, were
determined on the basis of the total scores of all 3 rounds scored by each of them. The student with the
highest total score won the competition and was therefore, given rank 1. Similarly, the one scoring the
second total was given rank 2 and so on. The partial information about their scores in 3 rounds is provided
in the table shown below.

(i) Yuvraj scored equal in round I and round II, and the sum of his scores in these two rounds was equal to
his score in round III.
(ii) The score of any student in any individual round was not more than 8 and the total score of any student
in all the three rounds taken together was not less than 13.
(iii) No student scored same in all the 3 rounds.
(iv) The total score was not same for any 2 students.
(v) Score of each student in any round is an integral value.

Q.39
How much did Yuvraj score in round III?

1 8

2 4

3 7

4 None of these
Solution:
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Correct Answer : 1

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Directions for questions 39 to 42: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Q.40
What was Irfan’s total score?

1 20

2 19

3 18

4 None of these
Solution:
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Correct Answer : 2

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Directions for questions 39 to 42: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Q.41
What was the sum of the scores of all the four students in round II?

1 21

2 20

3 24

4 None of these
Solution:
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Correct Answer : 1

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Directions for questions 39 to 42: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Q.42
What was the sum of the nal scores of all the four students?

1 70

2 71

3 68

4 None of these
Solution:
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Correct Answer : 4

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Directions for questions 43 to 46: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

A cricket club hired six coaches – P, Q, R, S, T and U – for giving coaching in at least one of the three areas
– batting, bowling and elding. Further, it is known that,
A. P can give coaching only in batting, while R and Q both can give coaching in batting and elding but not
in bowling.
B. T can give coaching in batting and bowling but not in elding, while S can give coaching in both bowling
and elding but not in batting.
C. U can give coaching in bowling only.

The manager of the club create the schedule of the coaching for the entire week i.e., for 7 days. If he
schedule coaching for any day of a week, then he has to schedule exactly one session of each of the three
given areas.
While scheduling, he has to satisfy the following conditions-
(i) In the entire week, any coach gives coaching in not more than two sessions of the same area and not
more than three sessions in total.
(ii) Any coach takes a maximum of one session in a day and a minimum of one session in the entire week.

Q.43
What is the minimum number of days on which there will be no coaching scheduled in the week?

1 0

2 1

3 2

4 3

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 3

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Directions for questions 43 to 46: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Q.44
Which of the following cannot be the list of the persons who all can give coaching on a same day?

1 P, R and S

2 R, T and U

3 P, Q and R

4 Q, S and T
Solution:
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Correct Answer : 3

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Directions for questions 43 to 46: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Q.45
Due to some personal issues, both T and U are available only for the rst day of the week.

What is the maximum possible number of days on which the club can provide coaching?

1 5
2 4

3 3

4 2

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 3

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Directions for questions 43 to 46: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Which of the following can be the correct combination of the persons and the number of coaching
sessions they will provide in the entire week?

1 P-2, Q-3 and S-2

2 P-1, Q-2 and R-3

3 Q-2, R-3 and S-3

4 P-1, Q-3 and S-2

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 4

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Directions for questions 47 to 50: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

During the period of demonetization any branch of any bank accepted deposits in currency notes of only
two denominations – Rs. 500 and Rs. 1000; and issued the currency notes of only two denominations –
Rs. 200 and Rs. 2000. In that period the accountant of one particular branch of a particular bank recorded
the number of currency notes deposited in the branch and issued by the branch for each day during a
period of six consecutive working days i.e., from Monday to Saturday. Suppose, on any day,
X = Number of Rs. 500 currency notes deposited in the branch.
Y = Number of Rs. 1000 currency notes deposited in the branch.
A = Number of Rs. 200 currency notes issued by the branch.
B = Number of Rs. 2000 currency notes issued by the branch.

The accountant of that branch designed two index values. He called one of them as ‘C-index’ which was
equal to the lower value between X and Y, and the other one as ‘D-index’ which was equal to the higher
value between A and B. The table below shows the values of ‘C-index’ and ‘D-index’, as calculated by the
accountant, for each of the six days i.e. from Monday to Saturday:

It is also known that on any of these six days X was not equal to Y and A was not equal to B.

Q.47
On Monday, if the total amount (in Rs.) deposited in the branch was equal to the total amount (in Rs.)
issued by the branch, then at most how many currency notes got deposited in the branch on Monday?

1 534

2 1068

3 501

4 599

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 2

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Directions for questions 47 to 50: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

It is also known that on any of these six days X was not equal to Y and A was not equal to B.

Q.48
On Wednesday, if the total number of currency notes deposited in the branch and that of issued by the
branch were equal, then at most how much amount (in Rs.) got deposited in the branch on that day?

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 374000

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Directions for questions 47 to 50: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

It is also known that on any of these six days X was not equal to Y and A was not equal to B.

Q.49
On how many of the given six days the total amount (in Rs.) deposited in the branch was de nitely more
than the total amount (in Rs.) issued by the branch?
Solution:
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Correct Answer : 2

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Directions for questions 47 to 50: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

It is also known that on any of these six days X was not equal to Y and A was not equal to B.
Q.50
If the maximum number of currency notes issued by that branch during the given period is 'k', then the
value of 'k - 6' is

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 2068

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Directions for questions 51 to 54: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Table 1 below shows the number of toys bought by each of the 10 friends and the total amount (in Rs.)
spent by them in buying the toys. Table 2 shows the number of toys sold by each of the ve shops to the
friends and the price (in Rs.) of each toy at which the respective shop sold all of its toys.

Further, it was also known that:

(i) No friend bought any toy from any shop other than the ve shops mentioned in Table 2 and no shop sold
any toys to any person other than the 10 persons mentioned in Table 1.
(ii) Each shop sold the toys to exactly four of the 10 friends (number of toys sold to each of those four
friends is shown separately in the parenthesis in Table 2) and each friend bought toys from exactly two of
the given 5 shops.

Q.51
Who among the following bought the least number of toys from Shop 2?

1 Sachin
2 Shahid

3 Shane

4 Smith
Solution:
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Correct Answer : 4

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Directions for questions 51 to 54: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Further, it was also known that:

Q.52
Which of the following pairs has the name of the two friends, who bought the same number of toys from
two different shops?

1 Smith and Sachin

2 Sanath and Sachin

3 Sehwag and Sachin

4 Shahid and Shane

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 1

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Directions for questions 51 to 54: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Further, it was also known that:

Q.53
How many of the given 10 friends spent at least Rs. 30 (on buying toys) in each of the two shops from
where they bought the toys?

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 3

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Directions for questions 51 to 54: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Further, it was also known that:

Q.54
How many pairs of friends are possible in which both the friends had bought the toys from the same two
shops?

1 0

2 1

3 2

4 3
Solution:
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Correct Answer : 3

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Directions for questions 55 to 58: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

A faculty of “CL Educate” was asked to rate seven students coming from different places to check if they
are eligible to join their special batch. For this the faculty, decided to take viva of these 7 students who all
were from 7 different states- A, B, C, D, E, F and G. Also to avoid any kind of favoritism , each student was
assigned a different roll number from 1 to 7, in any order. Then the faculty rated these students, on a scale
of 1-10, according to their performances in the viva, where ‘10’ considered as the highest rating and ‘1’
being the lowest one. He gave a unique rating number to each student.

Further, the following information is also known.

(i) Student with roll number 4 belongs to state F.
(ii) Student from state C got the highest rating and it is an even number.
(iii) The rating got by the student with roll number 1 is double that of the student with roll number 6.
(iv) Only two students got even numbered rating and the rating of the student from state A is 5 more than
the rating of the student whose roll number is 3.
(v) Student with roll number 2 got the lowest rating but is not from state A.
(vi) Student with roll number 7 got a higher rating than the student with roll number 5 but a lower rating
than the student with roll number 1.
(vii) The rating of the student from state F is more than that of the student from state G and less than that
of the student from state E and none of these three got an even numbered rating.
(viii) Student with roll number 6 belongs to state B.

Q.55
If the ratings got by all the seven students are arranged in ascending order, then what is the minimum
possible second number in that list?

1 2

2 4

3 3

4 None of these

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 1

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Directions for questions 55 to 58: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Further, the following information is also known.

Q.56
What is the maximum possible sum of the ratings got by all the students?

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 43

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Directions for questions 55 to 58: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Further, the following information is also known.

Q.57
If the rating of the student from state D is 2, then what is the absolute difference between the ratings of
the students who belong to state G and state A?

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 6

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Directions for questions 55 to 58: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Further, the following information is also known.

Q.58
If the rating of the student from state G is 3, then the sum of the ratings of the those who got even
numbered ratings is,

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 18

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Directions for questions 59 to 62: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

A survey was conducted among 100 persons of a village in Haryana, about the cell phone(s) they have
ordered from an online website. Each person has ordered at least one of the three phones among iPhone
X, MI note 5 and One Plus 6. When they were asked about the phone they had ordered, the following
results were observed by the survey conducting body:
• The number of persons who ordered iPhone X is more than the number of those who ordered Mi note 5,
which in turn is more than the number of those who ordered OnePlus 6.
• Number of those who ordered OnePlus 6 is more than the number of those who ordered exactly two of
these phones, which in turn is more than the number of those who ordered all the three.

Q.59
If the number of persons who ordered iPhone X is minimum possible, then nd number of persons who
ordered Mi note 5 phones.

1 34

2 36

3 35

4 33

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 1

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Directions for questions 59 to 62: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Q.60
Find the maximum number of persons who ordered One Plus 6.

1 79

2 80

3 82

4 81

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 3

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Directions for questions 59 to 62: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Q.61
What can be the maximum number of person who ordered only MI note 5?

1 48

2 49

3 50

4 33

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 2

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Directions for questions 59 to 62: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Q.62
Find the maximum number of persons who ordered for MI note 5 and One Plus 6 but not iPhone X.

1 47

2 48

3 49

4 50

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 2

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Directions for questions 63 to 66: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

Five friends – A,B, C, D and E – went to a musical event on 15th August. In the event, there was a game
namely ANTAKSHRI, in which all the ve friends participated. This game had exactly two rounds and in
each round the participants were awarded some points following the rules of the game. At the end of this
game it was observed that each of the ve friends scored different number of points – 10,15,17,19 and 27
– not necessarily in this order.

The rules of the game were as follows:

1. First, a song would be played for a contestant and then that contestant had to guess the name of the
movie for which the played song belong to. If the contestant answered correctly, then he was awarded 10
points.
2. If a contestant was not able to tell the name of the movie, then the same song would passed on to the
next contestant. Now if that contestant answered it correctly, he was awarded with the points 1 less than
the points his previous contestant would have been awarded.
For example, if B answered the name of the movie, asked to A, correctly then B would get 9 points. But if
he also failed to name the movie then the same movie passed on further to the next contestant for 8 points
and so on till all the contestants fails to guess the right answer.

Further information known to us:

• A, B, C, D and E played in that order only.
• E guessed movie names for three consecutive songs correctly.
• C was able to guess the correct movie name only once.
• B’s nal score is more than that of D’s nal score.

Q.63
If in round 1, A did not answer the correct movie name even for once, then which of the following can be
the nal score of B?

1 27

2 19

3 15

4 10

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 2

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Directions for questions 63 to 66: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

The rules of the game were as follows:

Further information known to us:

Q.64
If the movie of 4th song played for D to guess was correctly identi ed by him, then how many different
scores for E was possible?

1 0

2 1

3 2

4 Cannot be determined.

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 2

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Directions for questions 63 to 66: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

The rules of the game were as follows:

Further information known to us:

Q.65
If A answered one of the songs asked to B correctly, then which of the following could be the nal score of
A?

1 17

2 19

3 15

4 10

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 3

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Directions for questions 63 to 66: Answer the questions on the basis of the information given below.

The rules of the game were as follows:

Further information known to us:

Q.66
If A was able to tell the name of the movie asked to E, in the 1st round, correctly, then who de nitely had
the lowest score after the completion of 1st round?

1 A

2 C

3 D

4 E

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 4

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Sec 3

Q.67
If the product of 4 positive integers is 8!, then which of the following is the minimum possible value of the
sum of these 4 integers?

1 57

2 60

3 64

4 66

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 1

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Q.68
In the gure shown below, O is the center of the circle and ∠ABO = 30°. Find measure of ∠ACO (in
degrees).
Solution:
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Correct Answer : 40

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Q.69
A circle is inscribed in an equilateral triangle. If the area of the triangle is 9√3 sq units, then nd the area of
the circle.

1 9π

2 3π

3 4π

4 6π

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 2

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Q.70
A fruit seller, selling apples, is offering 16.67% of their weight, as extra, for free. Find the percentage
discount on this offer.
1 16.67%

2 14.28%

3 12.5%

4 8.33%

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 2

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Q.71
If a + b + c = 33, then nd the value of (a, b, c) such that (a + b) : (b + c) : (c + a) = 5 : 7 : 10.

1 (3,12,18)

2 (12,18,3)

3 (12,3,18)

4 None of these

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 3

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Q.72
Let the two sides of a triangle be 1 unit and 1004 unit. If the third side of this triangle is also an integer,
then what is the perimeter of that triangle?

1 2008
2 2009

3 1005

4 Multiple answers possible

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 2

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Q.73

1 8

2 11/3

3 4√3

4 7

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 3

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Q.74
Raman and Manoj tried to solve a quadratic equation. Raman made a mistake while noting down the
constant term and hence ended up with the roots (4, 3). Manoj made a mistake in writing down the
coe cient of x and hence got the roots as (3, 2). What will be the exact roots of the actual quadratic
equation?

1 (6, 1)

2 (–3, –4)

3 (4, 3)

4 (5, 2)

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 1

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Q.75
If 9n is not ending with 1, where n is a natural number, then the unit digit of (2n + 8n) is

1 8

2 0

3 2

4 both (1) and (3)

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 2

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Q.76
Nishit bought some goods and sold them on discount in such a way that his pro t percentage and discount
percentage are equal. If the ratio of its cost price to marked price is 3:7, then nd the pro t percentage.

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 40

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Q.77
Three friends A, B and C invested in a business with Rs.10000, Rs.15000 and Rs.25000 respectively. After
3 months, C withdraws Rs.5000 from his investment whereas A and B added Rs.10000 and Rs.5000
respectively. At the end of the year, the total pro t in the business is Rs.4600. Find the share (in Rs.) of B in
pro t.

1 1500

2 1400

3 1380

4 4600/3
Solution:
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Correct Answer : 1

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Q.78
Find the remainder when (1113 – 1311) is divided by 143.

1 141

2 2

3 13

4 15

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 1

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Q.79

1 1/4

2 1/5

3 1/6
4 1/8

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 2

 Answer key/Solution

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Q.80

1 21/33

2 11/19

3 23/39

4 41/52

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 4

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Q.81
A man invested some amount in a scheme for three years. The rate of interest for 1st, 2nd and 3rd year
was 7.14%, 7.69% and 30% respectively, compounded annually. If after 3 years he will receive a sum of
Rs.2100 from that scheme, then what is the amount (in Rs.) he invested initially?
Solution:
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Correct Answer : 1400

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Q.82
Two solutions, one having salt and water in ratio 3 : 7 and the other having sugar and water in ratio 3 : 1,
are mixed in ratio 15 : 8. Find the ratio of salt and sugar in the nal solution.

1 4:3

2 3:4

3 2:3

4 3:2

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 2

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Q.83
Find the sum of all co-prime numbers of 350, which are less than 350.
Solution:
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Correct Answer : 21000

 Answer key/Solution

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Q.84
If the sum of rst n terms of three different Arithmetic Progressions are in ratio n+1 : 2n+3 : 5n+7, then the
10th term of these three series are in ratio

1 10 : 21 : 52

2 7 : 12 : 19

3 1:1:1

4 20 : 41 : 102

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 4

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Q.85
The 10th term of an Arithmetic Progression is 15. If the sum of the squares of its 7th, 10th and 13th term
is minimum possible, then the common difference is
Solution:
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Correct Answer : 0

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Q.86
Find the area (in cm2) of the triangle formed by joining the alternate vertices of a regular hexagon of side 1
cm.

1 √3/4

2 √3

3 3√3/4

4 3√3

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 3

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Q.87

1 13

2 16

3 31

4 32

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 1

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Q.88
A and B started running simultaneously from a point around a circular track of 900 m. The ratio of their
speeds is 3 : 7. For how many times will A and B be at a distance of 10 m from each other, if they are
running in opposite directions and stops only when they meet for the rst time at the starting point again?

1 20

2 10

3 16

4 Cannot be determined
Solution:
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Correct Answer : 1

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Q.89
How many integral values of k are possible for which the lines, 4x + 5ky + 7 = 0 and kx – 6y + 12 = 0,
intersect in the 2nd quadrant?

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 7

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Q.90
Find the shortest distance between the point P (3,8) and the graph y = |3x – 5| + |2x – 9| + |x – 6|.
Solution:
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Correct Answer : 2

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Q.91
How many different words can be formed using at least two letters from the word “BASKET”?

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 1950

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Q.92
A man started running to catch a bus which is at a distance of 300m from him. If the speed of the bus is 3
m/s and that of the man is 27 km/hr, then in how much time will the man be able to catch the bus?

1 60 sec

2 33.33 sec

3 50 sec
4 66.67 sec

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 4

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Q.93
P, Q, R and S working together printed a total of 200 books. In printing books, P is thrice as e cient as Q
but 75% less e cient than R. R is half as e cient as S. How many books did Q print, out of these 200
books?

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 5

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Q.94
How many factors of 10800 are multiple of 30 but not of 90?

1 4

2 8

3 16

4 24

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 2

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Q.95
X can complete a job in 15 days and Y can complete the same job in 20 days. Initially X works for 5 days
and then Y joined him. X left four days after Y joined. Find the number of days in which Y should have
completed the remaining work.

1 13

2 4

3 12

4 8

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 2

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Q.96
How many times in a day both hands of a clock, hour hand and minute hand, point towards minute marks
simultaneously?

1 8

2 24

3 110

4 120

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 4

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Q.97
p, q and r are the roots of the cubic equation: x3 – 3x2 + 2x – 1 = 0. Find the value of (p/qr + q/pr + r/pq).

1 7

2 6

3 5

4 4

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 3

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Q.98
In a triangle PQR, PQ = 19.5 cm and PR = 14 cm. PS, the altitude drawn from P to QR is 6 cm. What is
length (in cm) of the circumradius of ΔPQR?

1 21.25

2 22.75

3 21.75

4 23.25
Solution:
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Correct Answer : 2

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Q.99
Find the value(s) of ‘a’ for which both, the inequation 7a + 5 < 9a - 4 and the quadratic equation 2a2 – 21a +
54 = 0, holds true.

1 9/2

2 6

3 Both (1) and (2)

4 None of these

Solution:
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Correct Answer : 2

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Q.100
A biased coin is tossed 5 times. The probability of appearing heads on tossing the coin is half the
probability of appearing tails on tossing it. Find the probability of exactly 3 tosses resulting in heads.

1 80/243

2 20/243

3 160/243
4 40/243

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Correct Answer : 4

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