GEOGRAPHY
(learning objectives)
Fishing Industry:
1. Describe the fishing methods used in both marine and inland
waters, including fish farm
Marine Fishing:
It has 2 methods; subsistence and commercial fishing.
In subsistence fishing conventional methods are used for example
the traditional net, small wooden sail boats, spearing, hand gathering
etc.
In commercial fishing modern methods are used for example gill
netters, mechanized boats, trawling, jigging etc.
Inland Fishing:
Inland fishing is also done in 2 methods:
In capture fishing where the fish living naturally in a body of water are
harvested.
The other type of inland fishery is the fish farm, where fish are raised in
tanks or ponds,
generally for human consumption.
2. Give examples of the fish caught in both marine and inland
waters, and of the fish reared on fish farms.
Marine Inland
Fishing Fishing
- Croakers - Palla
- Sharks - Thalla
- Cat fish - Rahu
3. Give examples of the fishing ports on both the Balochistan
and Sindh coasts.
In Balochistan coasts the town of Gwadar, Jiwani, Pasni and Ormara are
the largest landing sites and accounts for almost 80% of the total catch,
59% of the total vessels and 58% of the total fisherfolk.
In Sindh coasts, over 90% of the fish and sea food catch and exports are
passed through the Karachi Fish Harbour.
4. Describe the uses of the fish caught.
There are 3 major uses of the fish caught:
- Its waste is used to make fertilizers and poultry feed.
- Provides a delicious, nutritious white meat (preferred as low
cholesterol diet).
- Oil extracted from it provides a source of nutrition (contains vitamin
A & D)
5. Explain improvements in fishing methods and processing
techniques.
- Modern fishing equipment in Pakistan, including trawlers, fish
finders, and GPS systems, has significantly enhanced efficiency,
enabling easier fish identification and increased catch.
- Pakistan is prioritizing sustainable fishing practices to preserve the
marine ecosystem and ensure a steady fish supply, implementing
regulations, catch limits, and responsible methods.
- Pakistan's investment in fish processing facilities, including modern
equipment, has enhanced the quality and shelf life of fish products,
enhancing their competitiveness in both domestic and international
markets.
- Improved transportation and logistics infrastructure have expedited
the transportation of fish from remote areas to processing facilities,
reducing the time required for product delivery.
- Quality control measures and food safety standards in Pakistan have
enhanced the quality of fish products, boosting consumer confidence
in their safety and hygiene.
6. Understand the problems facing the fishing industry and
evaluate the possibilities for its further development and
sustainability.
Pakistan's fishing industry faces challenges like overfishing, outdated
techniques, inadequate infrastructure, and environmental
degradation, threatening its long-term sustainability and fish stocks'
health. Despite facing challenges, Pakistan's fishing industry
presents opportunities for further development and sustainability,
including:
- Sustainable fishing practices, including regulating seasons, setting
catch limits, and promoting responsible methods, can conserve fish
stocks and ensure the industry's long-term sustainability.
- Investing in advanced fishing equipment and technologies like fish
finders and GPS systems can enhance the efficiency of fishing
operations and minimize overfishing
- Investing in infrastructure like cold storage and processing facilities
can enhance the quality and value of fish products, thereby
increasing their competitiveness in both domestic and international
markets.
- Enforcing quality control measures and food safety standards can
improve the safety and quality of fish products, boosting consumer
confidence and marketability.
- Promoting marine ecosystem protection through pollution reduction
and habitat conservation can safeguard fish populations and ensure
industry sustainability.
Addressing challenges and leveraging opportunities can enhance
Pakistan's fishing industry's sustainability, contributing to economic
growth and food security.
Mineral Resources:
1. Identify the main locations of limestone, gypsum and rock salt
extraction from a map, and understand their uses.
Gypsum:
- Soil conditioner
- Plaster of Paris
- Paint
- Found in Khewra and Duad Khel
Limestone:
- Cement and mortar
- Medicines
- Lime
- Found in Daud Khel and Harnai
Rock salt:
- Cooking
- Improves traction (on roads)
- Preserves fish (after caught)
- Found in Khewra and Warcha
2. Identify the main metallic and non-metallic mineral resources of
Pakistan, and in what quantities they are extracted and exist as
reserves.
