Biochemistry QBANK:

Metabolism:-
1. Gluconeogenesis + glucogenic aminoacids
2. Glutathione
3. Transamination and trans methylation
4. Metabolic functions and metabolism of glycine
5. Creatinine pathways and creatine formation
6. Beta oxidation of fat
7. Phenylalanine + Metabolic errors of phenylalanine (phenylketonuria especially)
8. Conjugated hyperbilirubinemia
9. Formation of ketone bodies
10. Urea cycle
11. Glycogen metabolism
12. Hyper homocysteinemia
13. Gout
14. Galactose metabolism
15. Oxidative phosphorylation + inhibitors
16. Chemiosmotic hypothesis
17. Malate aspartate shuttle
18. Hmp shunt
19. Aerobic glycolysis
20. Metabolism of propionyl CoA
21. Renal glycosuria
22. Synthetic pathways of ketone body
23. Substrate level phosphorylation
24. Aspartate aminotransferase
25. Serotonin
26. Glucose alanine cycle
27. Purine degradation
28. Cholesterol synthesis
29. Components of etc,site of atp synthesis,diff between uncoupled and inhibitors of
etc
30. Bile acids
31. Leish nyhan syndrome
32. Acute intermittent porphyria
33. Von gierke ds.
34. Metabolic fate of methionine + related disorders
35. Hormonal regularly of glycogenolysis
36. Catecholamines
37. Write in brief about the hormonal regulation of glycogenolysis.
 38. How fatty acids are transported inside mitochondrial membrane
39. Enumerate the causes leading to Fatty liver.
40. Importance of formation of Lactate in anaerobic glycolysis.
41. TCA cycle as amphibolic pathway
42. What are the components of FAS Complex? Enumerate its metabolic advantages.
43. Haeme synthesis and regulations
44. Homocysteinuria
45. Fatty acid transport into mitochondria
46. Imp of formation of lactate in anaerobic glycolysis
47. Rapaport leuberine cycle
48. Uncouplers

Chemistry:-
1. Watson crick model of DNA
2. Str. Of t RNA
3. Haemoglobinopathies
4. Saponification
5. Allosteric mech of enzyme activity
6. Factors affecting enzyme activity
7. Amino acid classification according to nature and polarity of side chain
8. Homopolysaccharide
9. Competitive inhibition enzyme activity
10. Transport through Cell membrane
11. Jaundice
12. Polyamines
13. Difference between haemoglobin and myoglobin
14. Role of 2,3-BPG
15. Foetal Hb
16. Isoenzyme and it's diagnostic imp in investigating MI, bone disease, liver disease
17. Covalent modification of enzyme activity
18. Immunoglobulin str. Features
19. Thallasemia
20. Lipotropic factors
21. Mucopolysaccharide
22. Niemann pick ds
23. Tay- Sachs ds
24. Gauchers ds
25. GAGs
26. Glucose transport
27. IUB classification of enzymes
28. Ribozymes
29. Km Tm
30. NEFA
31. Bilirubin
32. Iron salicylates
33. Aspirin
34. Cholesterol
35. Separation of amino acid
36. Role and source of high energy phosphate
37. Streoisomerism and types of isomerism of glucose
38. Fluid mosaic model of Cell membrane
39. Polensky number
40. Acetyl number
41. Isoelectric pH
42. Zwitter ion
43. Inulin
44. Prostaglandin
45. Rancidity of fat
46. Protein folding
47. Proteoglycan
48. Essential fatty acid
49. Multiple myeloma and bence Jones protein
50. Sulphur containing amino acid
51. Essential amino acid
52. Suicidal inhibition of enzymes
53. Classify and describe enzyme specificity
54. Structure of cholesterol
55. Function of albumin
56. Salting in salting out
57. ODC
58. Allosteric enzyme properties
59. Enzyme marker for disease
60. Mention the sources of Omega-3-fatty acids and it's clinical importance.
61. What is cell compartmentalization? Why it is Important in Eukaryotes?
62. Enzyme specificity
63. Write a note on composition and importance of glycolipid, what is L:S ratio?
64. Enurnerate the properties of phospholipid
65. Mutarotation of monosaccharide.
66. Hyaluronic acid and its clinical importance
67. Cytoplasm and cytoskeleton.
68. Phospholipids
69. Nucleotide bases
70. Lipoprotein
71. Classification of lipid
72. Reducing sugar. Clinical imp of dextran
73. Classify enzymes
74. Mechanism of action of enzyme
75.Zwitter ion
76.Absorption of lipids
77.glucose transporters
78.Osazone
79.Sickle cell anemia
80.Multi enzyme complex
81.heme oxygenase
82.Rancidity of fat
83.Peroxisomes

Others:-
1. Transcription including post transcriptional modification
2. Role of kidney in maintaining blood pH
3. RIA
4. Free radicals
5. PCR
6. Plasmid
7. Metabolic acidosis
8. Vit-D
9. SDA
10. Genetic code
11. Prokaryotic translation including post transalational modifications
12. LFT
13. Lac operon
14.folate trap
15.SAM
16.Restriction endonucleases
17. Imp of nitric oxide
18. Diff between active transport and facilitated diffusion
19. Active transport
20. Plasma expanders
21. Antioxidants
22. Prostaglandins
23. Anion gap
24. Ca homeostasis
25. ROS
25. ROS
26. Pellagra
27. Ammonia
28. Genetic code
29. Diff types of rna
30. Buffer systems
31. Elisa
32. Colloids biological imp
33. Role of cAMP in signal transduction
34. Q10
35. Diabetes insipidus
36. Operon
37. Point mutation
38. Role of zinc in metabolism and nutrition
39. GTT
40. ETS
41. Metabolic alkalosis
42. B-DNA
43. Ribosome
44. Thin layer chromatography
45. Oncogenes
46. Tumour markers
47. G-protein
48. Respiratory acidosis
49. Beta plated sheaths
50. Menkes disease
51. Wilsons disease
52. Iron absorption
53.Enumerate the causes of DNA damage. Write the name of repair mechanism involved
in DNA damage
54. Okazaki fragments
55.post transcriptional modifications
56. Chaperones & its biological importance
57.Wobble hypothesis & its importance
58.What do you mean by 'Genetic code'? Mention its different characteristics.
59.Write in brief about the requirements for protein biosynthesis.
60. Bacteriophage.
61.Radioisotopes : types,application on treatment
62.Electrophoresis
63.RDNA tech
64.Urea clearance
65.Southern blotting
65.Southern blotting
66.Xenobiotics
67.Cytochrome P450
68.vit k

Explain why:-
1. Vitamin c req in collagen formation.
2. Insulin lowers blood glu level.
3. LDL is bad cholesterol.
4. Fats are burned under the flame of carbs
5. Hartnups dis can cause pellagra symptoms.
6. Intake of fish oil is good for health.
7. Superoxide dismutase protects aerobic respiration
8.conc of crtinine in blood reflects renal funct of individual
9. Role of 2,3BPG in unloading o2 to tissues
10. Difference between glucokinase & hexokinaase
11. Low dose of aspirin is cardioprotective.
12. NO is regarded as a wonder molecule in our body.
13. Chronic smokers may develope COPD
14. HbA1c provides info in management of Diab mellitus
15. Endocrine disorders predispose to obesity
16. Why fructose is absorbed more slowly than glucose in intestinal lumen
17. Morphine poisoning leads to respiratory acidosis
18. Allosteric enzymes show sigmoidal saturation curves.
19.Arachidonic acid has U shape configuration.
20.Ethanol is used for treating methanol poisoning
21. Histidine lead test for folic acid deficiency.
22. Tyrosine is essential amino acid in phenyl ketonuria.
23. Dicoumarol is vit k antagonist
24. Cellulose has biological advantage.
25.Alkaptonuria is associated with pigmentation of connective tissues
26. Many infants cannot tolerate milk food
27.Hypoproteinemia leads to oedema
28. Presence of crown fat in our body helps to maintain body temperature.
29. insulin receptor has dormant enzymatic activity.
30.Ketone bodies are synthesized in liver but cannot be utilized in liver.
31.Pyruvate dehydrogenase is multienzyme complex.
32.Aspirin reduces inflammation
33. Ammonia is toxic to the body.
34.patient advised to consume cellulose in constipation.
35.old people don’t drink cow milk
36.lysosome is called suicidal bag
37.Sickle cell trait is adaptive method in endemic region.
38.Diabetics take plenty of water
39. Enzymes are inactivated at high temperature
40.IT is more advantageous to store fuel as TAG in adipose than as protein in muscle
41.Methotrexate acts as an anticancer agent.
42.Carbon monoxide can totally arrest respiration.
43.Glucose is better absorbed from intestinal lumen when given along with common salt
44.Inhibition of Na-K ATPase causes rise in intracellular calcium concentration.
45. Both protein and urea give positive biuret test.
46. Iron deficiency causes microcytic hypochromic anemia
47. Statin group of drugs reduce blood cholesterol level.
48. Bleeding of gums seen in vit c deficiency
49. Action of hormones requires second messengers.
50.Antigen-antibody precipitation reaction is clinically important.
51. Haemoglobin is an allosteric protein.
52. Deficiency of dipalmitoyl lecithin in lung produces respiratory distress syndrome.
53.Hb-S is effect of point mutation.
54.Citric acid cycle is amphibolic in nature.
55.Vitamin D (calcitriol) functions more like a hormone than a vitamin.
56. Alcoholics often develop fatty liver.
57. Brown adipose tissue—> thermogenesis.
58.Benedict test is a semi-quantitative test.
59.Digitalis is used as drug for heart failure patients.
60.Cellulose diet prevents colon cancer.
61. Iodine test is done to know the purity of oil.
62. All the newborn baby suffer from jaundice.
63. Pyridoxine deficiency can cause anemia.
64.HDL is a good cholesterol.
65.Oral rehydration solution contains Na,Glucose
66.Liver can produce ketone bodies but cannot utilize them.
67.TCA cycle is amphibolic in nature.
68. Chloramphenicol is used in treatment of enteric fever.
69. Histidine helps in maintenance of blood pH.
70.Glucose is absorbed faster than fructose.
71. HbF increases in B-thalassemia.
72.G6PD deficiency leads to malaria resistance
73.Sorbitol pathway causes cataract and diabetes mellitus
74.Benedict's test is a semi-quantitative test.
75.Alpha, -antitrypsin deficiency causes emphysema.
76.Fish foods are cardioprotective.
77.Metabolic alkalosis may precipitate tetany.
78.Kwashiorkor is more difficult to treat than marasmus.
79.Short-chain atherogenic. fatty acids are not
80.Hypoglycemia occurs in Von Gierke's disease.
81 Vit.C deficiency causes scurvy.
82.Tryptophan deficiency leads to pellagra- like symptoms.
83. Tetracycline is used as bacteriostatic antibiotic drug.
84.Gout is precipitated by alcohol intake
85.Low serum Oedema. albumin causes
86. Carbon monoxide poisoning may cause death.
87.IgG is responsible for Rh iso- immunization.
88. Peripheral neuropathy is commonly seen with anti-tuberculosis drugs.
89. Bleeding of gums is seen in Vitamin C deficiency.
90. Cytochrome P450 is having Monooxygenase function.
91. Selenium and Vitamin E are having synergistic action.
92. Phenylalanine and Tyrosine are both glucogenic and ketogenic amino acids.
93.Allopurinol is used in the treatment of Gout.
94.Alcohol inhibits gluconeogenesis
95.High fructose consumption is related to Atherosclerosis
96.Hyperuricemia is seen in Von Gierke's Disease
97.Patients with G6PD deficiency are resistant to malaria
98.Chronic alcohol consumption induces fatty liver.
99.Overproduction of ketone bodies takes place in uncontrolled Diabetes Mellitus and
prolonged starvation.
100.Sulphonamides are antibacterial
101.Proto-oncogenes are regulatory genes
102.Coenzyme acts as co-substrate in rxns
103.vit k deficiency leads to haemorrhaging diseases in newborns
104.Cyanide poisoning causes cellular death
105.Thermogenin maintains body temp in newborns
106.vit b6 supplementation is given to patients taking anti tuberculosis drugs
107.Porphyrins are used in cancer therapy
108.Gamma Glutamyl tramspeptidase are useful parameter for liver function test
109.iGE—>defends against parasytic infection
110.Mitochondrial dna is transmitted maternally
111.early diagnosis of haemachromatosis is essential
112.reducing power of monosaccharides increases in alk. Medium
113.glu,fructose,mannose—>same osazone