‫ﺍﻨﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻤﻨﺎﺒﻊ ﺍﻁﻼﻋﺎﺘﻰ‬ ‫‪Page 1 of 3‬‬

‫ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ‪ .‬ﻧﻮﺷﺘﻪ‪ :‬ﺟﻴﻞ ﻻﻣﺒﺮﺕ ﻣﺘﺮﺟﻢ‪ :‬ﻣﻬﺮﻱ ﺻﺪﻳﻘﻲ‪ .‬ﻧﺎﺷﺮ‪ :‬ﻣﺮﮐﺰ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻭ ﻣﺪﺍﺭﮎ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ‬
‫ﺍﻳﺮﺍﻥ‪ .‬ﺳﺎﻝ ﺍﻧﺘﺸﺎﺭ ‪ .١٣٨٠‬ﻭﻳﺮﺍﺳﺘﺎﺭ‪:‬ﻋﻠﻲ ﺣﺴﻴﻦ ﻗﺎﺳﻤﻲ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻛﻮﺷﺶ‪ :‬ﻣﺤﻤﻮﺩ ﺑﺎﺑﺎﺋﻲ ‪ .‬ﻧﻮﺑﺖ ﭼﺎﭖ‪ :‬ﺍﻭﻝ )‪ (١٣٨٠‬ﻗﻴﻤﺖ‪:‬‬
‫‪ ٥٥٠٠‬ﺭﻳﺎﻝ‪ .‬ﺷﺎﺑﻚ‪٩٦٤-٧٥١٩-٠١-× :‬‬

‫‪ . ٢‬ﻣﺸﺎﻭﺭﻩ ﻭ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﻳﺎﺑﻲ‬

‫ﻧﻘﻄﻪﻱ ﺷـﺮﻭﻉ ﻫـﺮ ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤـﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﺨـﺎﺏ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ ‪ .‬ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺣﻴﺎﺗﻲ‬
‫ﺑـﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳـﺖ ﻭ ﺷـﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻪ ﺑﻴﺶﺗﺮ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻪ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺭﺍ ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ ‪ .‬ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬
‫ﺑﺎﻟﻘﻮﻩ ﺍﺭﺯﺷﻤﻨﺪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﺎ ﺣﺪ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻱ ـ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎ ﹰﻻ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺑﺪﺍﻧﻨﺪ ـ ﺑﻪ ﺗﻮﺍﻧﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺪﺍﺭﺍﻥ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻉﺭﺳﺎﻧﺎﻥ ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪ‬
‫ﻭﺍﺑﺴﺘﻪﺍﻧﺪ ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﻫﻨﮕـﺎﻡ ﻛﺸﻒ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺩﺭ ﺣﺬﻑ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻧﺎﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‪ ،‬ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻼﺋﻖ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻣﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﺁﮔﺎﻫﻲ‬
‫ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺨﻤﻴـﻦ ﺳـﻄﺢ ﺍﺣﺘﻤـﺎﻟﻲ ﺗﻘﺎﺿـﺎ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺍﻳﻦﻛﻪ ﺁﻳﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﺗﻘﺎﺿﺎ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﺠﻮﺯ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻛﺎﻓﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﻴﺰ‬
‫ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻥ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻬـﺮ ﺣـﺎﻝ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﻧﻈﺮ ﻣﻲﺭﺳﺪ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻳﻚ ﺗﺎﺯﻩﻭﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﻮﻳﮋﻩ ﺍﮔﺮ ﺑﺎ ﺣﻮﺯﻩ ﻳﺎ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻱ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ ﻧﺎﺁﺷﻨﺎ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻛـﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﻳـﻚ ﻣﺮﻛـﺰ ﺑـﻪ ﭼـﻪ ﭼـﻴﺰﻱ ﻧﻴـﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻫﻤﺮﺍﻩ ﺑﺎ ﺗﺮﺱ ﻭ ﺑﻴﻢ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﭼﻨﺪ ﻣﺘﻮﻥ ﺯﻳﺎﺩﻱ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩﻱ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ‬
‫ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺨﺶ ﺧﻴﻠﻲ ﻛﻮﭼﻜﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻭﺟﻮﻩ ﻋﻤﻠﻲ ﻧﺤﻮﻩﻱ ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻳﻚ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻣﻲﭘﺮﺩﺍﺯﻧﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﻪﺩﺳﺖﺁﻭﺭﺩﻥ ﻳـﻚ ﺷـﻨﺎﺧﺖ ﺗﻔﺼـﻴﻠﻲ ﻧﻴـﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺗـﻼﺵ ﺍﺳـﺖ ـ ﻫـﺮ ﭼـﻨﺪ ﻛـﻪ ﺑﻴﺶﺗـﺮ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﻏﻮﻏﺎﮔﺮ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﺁﻧﭽﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﻃﻠﺐ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﺎ ﺗﺸﺨﻴﺺ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻛﺜﺮﻳﺖ ﺧﺎﻣﻮﺵ‪ ،‬ﻣﺴﺘﻠﺰﻡ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﻓﻌﺎﻝﺗﺮﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺭﺯﻳﺎﺑﻲ ﻣﺴﺘﻠﺰﻡ‬
‫ﻣﺴـﺘﻠﺰﻡ ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩﻫـﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪﻱ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻧﻮﺍﻉ ﺧﺎﺻﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺣﺎﻟﻲ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻘﻴﻪ ﺑﻪ ﻃﻮﺭ ﻋﺎﻡ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺩ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ‬
‫ﻳﻜـﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺭﻭﺵﻫـﺎﻱ ﺍﺻـﻠﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻫـﺮ ﻧﻮﻉ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻗﺪﺍﻡ ﺑﺮ ﺍﺳﺎﺱ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪ .‬ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ‪ ،‬ﺧﺼﻮﺻ ﹰﺎ‬
‫ﺁﻥﻫـﺎ ﻛـﻪ ﻳـﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﭘﺎﺳـﺦ ﺑﺮﺍﻳﺸـﺎﻥ ﻣﺸـﻜﻞ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‪ ،‬ﻏﺎﻟﺒـ ﹰﺎ ﺷﺎﺧﺺﻫﺎﻱ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‬
‫ﺑﻴﺶﺗـﺮﻱ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ‪ .‬ﻳـﻚ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩﻱ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻉ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻲ ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻣﻲ ﻛﻪ ﭼﻨﺪﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ‬
‫ﺗﻘﺎﺿـﺎﻱ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﻛﻢ ﻛﻢ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ ،‬ﺧﺼﻮﺻ ﹰﺎ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻮﺳﻂ ﺍﻓﺮﺍﺩ ﻣﺘﻌﺪﺩ ﺍﺩﺍﺭﻩ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺷـﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻧﮕﻬـﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺳﺎﺑﻘﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫـﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﭘﺮﺳﺶ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎ ﺣﺪﺍﻗﻞ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺮﺳﺶﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﻛﻪ ﭘﺎﺳﺦ ﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻳﻚ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ﻛﻨﻨﺪﺓ ﺧﻮﺏ ﺣﺎﻓﻈﻪ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﻨـﺒﻊ ﺍﻃﻼﻋـﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﺩﻳﮕﺮﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻮﻳﮋﻩ ﺩﺭ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﻤﻮﻣﻲ ﻭ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ـ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻲ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻌﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ‬
‫ﻛـﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺷﺨﺼـ ﹰﺎ ﻭ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺭﺯﺭﻭﻛﺮﺩﻥ ﻭ ﺳﻴﺴﺘﻢ ﺍﻣﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﻴﻦﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﺍﻱ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ ‪ .‬ﺍﺻﻮ ﹰﻻ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﺩﻭ ﺩﺳـﺘﻪ ﺟﺎﻱ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ ‪ :‬ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ﻭ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﻛﻪ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻫﺰﻳﻨﻪ ﻭ ﻳﺎ ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ‬
‫ﺁﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﻛﻨﺪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺗﻬﻴﻪ ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺷـﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﻣﺎﻧﺖﮔـﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﻣﻮﺍﺩﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺩﺳﺘﻪﻱ ﺩﻭﻡ ﻗﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻲﮔﻴﺮﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺍﻣﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﻴﻦﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﭙﺬﻳﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﺮ ﻣﻌﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ‬
‫ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺗﺼﻤﻴﻢﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺑﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺭﻭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻣﻬﻢ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻠﻲ ﺑﻴﺶ ﺍﺯ ﺣﺪ ﻣﺎﺷﻴﻨﻲ‬
‫ﭘﺮﺩﺍﺧﺘـﻪ ﻧﺸـﻮﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭﮔﺮﻧﻪ ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﺩﺳﺘﻴﺎﺑﻲ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺪﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻮﻉ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻲ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ‪ .‬ﺗﻤﺎﻣﻲ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖﻫﺎ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈـﺮ ﻛـﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﺍﻫﻤﻴـﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺍﻩ ﺍﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖﻫﺎ ﻣﻨﺠﺮ ﺑﻪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺑﺸﻮﻧﺪ ﻳﺎ ﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﮕﻲ ﺑﻪ ﺗﺮﺳﻴﻢ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻋﻼﺋﻖ‬

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‫ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻳﺎﻥ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪.‬‬

‫ﺩﺭ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫـﺎ ﻭ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﻫـﺎﻱ ﺍﻃﻼﻋـﺎﺗﻲ ﺗﺨﺼﺼﻲﺗـﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﭘﺮﺱﻭﺟﻮﻫﺎ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻣﺘﻔﺎﻭﺕ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣّﺎ ﺍﺻﻮﻝ ﻣﺸﺎﺑﻬﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫ﻼ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﻭﺵ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺧﻂﺳﻴﺮ ﻣﻔﻴﺪﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺟﻬﺖ ﮔﻴﺮﻱ‬ ‫ﻧﻈـﺎﺭﺕ ﺑـﺮ ﺁﻥﻫـﺎ ﺑـﻪ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺑﺴﺘﻪ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ‪ .‬ﻣﺜ ﹰ‬
‫ﻓﻌﺎﻟﻴﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪ ‪ .‬ﺍﻧﺠﺎﻡ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﻭﺵ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ ﻳﻚ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻛﺸﻒ ﻋﻼﺋﻖ ﺩﺍﺋﻤﻲ ﻳﺎ‬
‫ﻣﻮﻗﺘﻲ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻳﺠﺎﺩ ﻭ ﺗﺪﺍﻭﻡ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺧﻮﺏ ﺑﺎ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻫﻢ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻝﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺳﻤﻲ ﻭ ﻫﻢ ﻛﺎﻧﺎﻝﻫﺎﻱ ﻏﻴﺮﺭﺳﻤﻲ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻃﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﻫﻤﺴﺎﻥ‬
‫ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩﺍﺭ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻳﻜﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺳﺎﺩﻩﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻋﻴﻦﺣﺎﻝ ﻣﺆﺛﺮﺗﺮﻳﻦ ﺭﺍﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻫﺪﻑ‪ ،‬ﮔﻔﺘﮕﻮﻱ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ﺑﺎ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻼ ﺗﺤﻮﻳﻞ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﻧﻈﻴﺮ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻳﻚ ﻛﺎﻭﺵ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺷﺨﺺ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪﻣﺮﺍﺗﺐ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﺍﺯ‬ ‫ﺩﺭ ﻫـﺮ ﻓﺮﺻـﺖ ﻣﻤﻜـﻦ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪ .‬ﻣـﺜ ﹰ‬
‫ﺍﺳـﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﭘﺴـﺖ ﺍﻟﻜﺘﺮﻭﻧﻴﻜﻲ ﻳﺎ ﭘﺴﺖ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ـ ﻏﺎﻟﺒ ﹰﺎ ﻛﺴﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻭ ﺑﺮﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﻛﻨﻴﺪ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻣﻨﺪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻭ ﻫﺮ ﭼﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻤﺎﺱﻫـﺎ ﺑﻴﺶﺗـﺮ ﺑﺎﺷـﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪﻱ ﺧﺪﻣـﺎﺕ ﺑﻬﺘﺮ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ‪ .‬ﺍﻟﺒﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﭘﺮﻣﺸﻐﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﻳﺎﻓﺘﻦ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭘﻲﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻋﻼﺋﻖ‬
‫ﻼ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﺑﻴﺶﺗﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺏﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻁ ﺑﻪ ﺭﺍﻳﺎﻧﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻲ‬ ‫ﻛـﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﻭ ﻧﻈـﺮﺧﻮﺍﻫﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﺸـﺎﻥ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻛﺸﻒ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ ﻣﺜ ﹰ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺩﺍﻧـﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﺩﻧـﺎﻙ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ .‬ﺑﻬﺮﺣﺎﻝ ﺑﻌﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻳﻚ ﻫﺸﺪﺍﺭ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩﻱ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺩﺭﻳﺎﻓﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺭﺑﺎﺏ ﺭﺟﻮﻉ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﻮﺍﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ ﻳﺎﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻴﺪ‬
‫ﻛﻪ ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﺁﮔﺎﻩ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺑﺎ ﺍﺭﺯﺵ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻳـﻚ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﻪﻱ ﺗﺠـﺎﺭﻱ ﻳـﺎ ﻋﻠﻤﻲ ـ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸﻲ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﻗﺮﺍﺭﻱ ﺗﻤﺎﺱ ﺑﺎ ﺭﺅﺳﺎﻱ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎ ﻳﺎ ﻗﺴﻤﺖﻫﺎ ﺷﺎﻳﺪ ﺭﺍﻩ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﻣﺆﺛﺮﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ‬
‫ﻛﺸـﻒ ﻣﺴـﻴﺮ ﻋﻼﺋـﻖ ﺩﺭﺍﺯﻣـﺪﺕ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪ .‬ﺗﻌﻴﻴـﻦ ﻗـﺮﺍﺭ ﻣﻼﻗﺎﺕ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﻛﻠﻴﺪﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭﺳﻴﻠﻪﻱ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺭﻓﻪ ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺭﻭﺍﺑﻂ‬
‫ﻋﻤﻮﻣـﻲ ﻣﺆﺛـﺮ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﺷﻤﺎ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪﻱ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﻲ ﻛﻮﺗﺎﻩ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩﻱ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺷﻤﺎ ـ ﻳﺎ ﻳﻚ ﻭﺟﻪ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺍﺯ ﺁﻥ ـ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ‬
‫ﻼ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﻣﺤﻴﻂ ﺻﻨﻌﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐﺩﺍﺩﻥ ﻳﻚ‬ ‫ﻓﺮﺻـﺖ ﺧﻮﺑـﻲ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺟﻠﺐ ﺑﺎﺯﺧﻮﺭﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩﻱ ﻋﻼﺋﻘﺸﺎﻥ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﻣﺜ ﹰ‬
‫ﺳﻤﻴﻨﺎﺭ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ ﺑﺎ ﻫﺮ ﮔﺮﻭﻩ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻖ‪ ،‬ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥ ﺳﻤﻴﻨﺎﺭ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎ ﹰﻻ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻣﻜﺎﻧﭙﺬﻳﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺑﺼﻮﺭﺕ ﺭﺳﻤﻲﺗﺮ‪ ،‬ﺳﺎﺧﺘﺎﺭ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﻓﺮﺻﺖ ﺭﻭﺯﺁﻣﺪ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺭﺍﺳﺘﺎﻱ ﺩﺭﺍﺯﻣﺪﺗﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺁﻥ ﻣﺆﺳﺴﻪ ﺩﺭ ﭘﻴﺶ‬
‫ﮔﺮﻓﺘـﻪ‪ ،‬ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﺪ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﻭ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﺴﺮﺍﻫﺎ ﺩﺳﺘﻮﺭ ﺟﻠﺴﻪﻱ ﻛﻤﻴﺘﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﻜﺪﻩ‪ ،‬ﺁﻣﻮﺯﺷﮕﺎﻩ ﻭ ﺳﺎﻳﺮ ﺑﺨﺶﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻄﺎﻟﻌﺎﺗﻲ‪،‬‬
‫ﺷـﺎﻣﻞ ﻃﺮﺡﻫـﺎﻳﻲ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﺩﻭﺭﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺗﻐﻴﻴﺮﺍﺗﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺴﻴﺮ ﻋﻼﺋﻖ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ؛ ﻭ ﺩﺭ ﺷﻨﺎﺳﺎﻳﻲ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺁﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺎﺳﻲ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺩﻟﻴﻞ ﻋﻤﺪﻩﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪ ﻭ ﻣﺮﻛﺰ ﺍﻃﻼﻉﺭﺳﺎﻧﻲ ﺩﺭ ﭼﻨﻴﻦ ﺟﻠﺴﺎﺗﻲ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﻩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﻣﺂﺧﺬ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‬
‫ﺍﮔـﺮ ﭼـﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻏﺎﺯ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﺩﻗﻴﻖ ﻣﺴﺘﻨﺪﺍﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻳﻚ ﺳﺎﺯﻣﺎﻥ ـ ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲﻫﺎﻱ ﺳﺎﻻﻧﻪ‪ ،‬ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻧﺸﺮﻳﺎﺕ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻭ ﻧﻈﺎﻳﺮ ﺁﻥ ـ‬
‫ﺭﺍﻫﻨﻤـﺎﻱ ﭼﻨﺪﺍﻥ ﺍﻣﻴﺪﺑﺨﺸﻲ ﺑﻪﻧﻈﺮ ﻧﻤﻲﺭﺳﺪ ﺍﻣﺎ ﭼﻪﺑﺴﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻣﺰﺍﻳﺎﻳﻲ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪ .‬ﭘﻴﺸﺮﻓﺖ ﻳﻚ ﭘﺮﻭﮊﻩﻱ ﺗﺤﻘﻴﻘﺎﺗﻲ ﻋﻤﻮﻣ ﹰﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺷﻜﻞ‬
‫ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﻗﺘﻲ ﻭ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ‪ ،‬ﻣﻜﺘﻮﺏ ﻣﻲﺷﻮﺩ ﻭ ﻏﺎﻟﺒ ﹰﺎ ﺑﺎ ﻣﺴﺌﻮﻟﻴﺖ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺍﻃﻼﻉﺭﺳﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻪﺳﺎﺯﻱ ﻭ ﺫﺧﻴﺮﻩ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ .‬ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﻳﻜﻲ‬
‫ﻳﻜـﻲ ﺩﻭ ﺻﻔﺤﻪﻱ ﺍﻭّﻝ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﮔﺰﺍﺭﺵﻫﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪﻱ ﺍﻳﺪﻩﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ ﺩﺍﻣﻨﻪ ﻭ ﻣﻘﻴﺎﺱ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﻤﻚ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪ .‬ﺧﺒﺮﻧﺎﻣﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺩﺍﺧﻠﻲ ﻣﻌﻤﻮ ﹰﻻ‬
‫ﺷـﺮﺣﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨـﺎﻥ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ ﻭ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﻋﻼﻗﻪﻣﻨﺪﻱ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ ـ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻔﻴﺪﻱ ﻛﻪ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﻣﺠﻤﻮﻋﻪﻱ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻭ ﺍﻃﻼﻉﺭﺳﺎﻧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﻣﺎﻩﻫﺎ ﻭﻗﺖ ﺑﮕﻴﺮﺩ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﺧﺪﻣـﺎﺕ ﻋﻠﻤـﻲ ـ ﭘﮋﻭﻫﺸـﻲ‪ ،‬ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖﻫـﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺍﺩ ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪﻧﻲ ﻋﻨﺼﺮ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﺩﺭ ﺗﻌﻴﻴﻦ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻮﺭﺩ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﺎﻧﻄﻮﺭ ﻛﻪ ﻫﺮ‬
‫ﻛﺴـﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﻫﺎ ﻛﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺩﻩ ﻣﻄﻠﹼﻊ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻣﺸﻜﻞ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ‪ ،‬ﮔﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖﻫﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻣﺪﺭﺳﺎﻥ ﻭ ﺍﺳﺘﺎﺩﺍﻥ ﻣﺮﺑﻮﻃﻪ‬
‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻣﻄﻤﺌﻨ ﹰﺎ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺭﺳﻴﺪﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﺩﺭ ﺍﻳﻨﺠﺎ‪ ،‬ﻳﻚ ﺭﻭﻳﻜﺮﺩ ﻓﻌﺎﻝ ـ ﻭ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﭘﻴﮕﻴﺮﺍﻧﻪ ـ ﻻﺯﻡ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﻫﻨﮕﺎﻡ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖ ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖ‬
‫ﻓﻬﺮﺳﺖﻫـﺎ‪ ،‬ﺟﺎ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﭘﺮﺳﻴﺪﻩ ﺷﻮﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺁﻳﺎ ﻋﻨﺎﻭﻳﻦ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺘﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﮔﺮﻭﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﺯﻳﺮ ﺩﺳﺘﻪﺑﻨﺪﻱ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ ﻳﺎ ﺧﻴﺮ‪ :‬ﻣﻮﺍﺩ‬
‫ﺧﻮﺍﻧﺪﻧـﻲ ﭘﺎﻳـﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻃﻼﻋـﺎﺕ ﺯﻣﻴﻨﻪﺍﻱ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻣـﻮﺍﺩﻱ ﻛـﻪ ﺍﻧﺘﻈـﺎﺭ ﻣﻲﺭﻭﺩ ﺧـﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﻧﺸـﺠﻮﻳﺎﻥ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﻛﻨﻨﺪ ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﻳﻦ ﺗﺮﺗﻴﺐ ﺍﻳﺪﻩﺍﻱ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎﻟﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻫﺮ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﻣﻲﺁﻳﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻧﺠـﺎﻡ ﻳـﻚ ﭘﻴﻤـﺎﻳﺶ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻘﻴـﺎﺱ ﻛﻮﭼﻚ ﺍﮔﺮ ﭼﻪ ﻭﻗﺘﮕﻴﺮ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻲ ﺷﻴﻮﻩﻱ ﺭﻭﺵﻣﻨﺪﻱ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﭘﻲ ﺑﺮﺩﻥ ﺑﻪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ‬

‫‪file://D:\IRANDOC\Data\Books\Resource\resource-2.htm‬‬ ‫‪29/05/1381‬‬
‫ﺍﻨﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻤﻨﺎﺒﻊ ﺍﻁﻼﻋﺎﺘﻰ‬ ‫‪Page 3 of 3‬‬

‫ﺍﺳﺖ‪ .‬ﺑﺪﻳﻬﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺑﻪ ﻫﺸﺪﺍﺭﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻌﻤﻮﻝ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﻛﺮﺩ‪:‬‬

‫ﻧﻤﻮﻧﻪﻱ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏﺷـﺪﻩ ﺑـﺎﻳﺪ ﻧﻤﺎﻳﻨﺪﻩﻱ ﺟﻤﻊ ﺑﻴﺶﺗﺮﻱ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻫﻴﭻ ﺳﺆﺍﻝ »ﺳﻮ «ﺩﻫﻨﺪﻩﺍﻱ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﺪﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺟـﻪ ﺷـﺪﻩ ﺑﺎﺷﺪ ﻛﻪ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﻧﻤﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﻨﺪ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎﻳﺸﺎﻥ ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺢ ﺩﻫﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻛﻪ ﺍﻋﻤﺎﻟﺸﺎﻥ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﺎ ﮔﻔﺘﺎﺭﺷﺎﻥ‬
‫ﻳﻜﻲ ﻧﺒﺎﺷﺪ ‪ .‬ﻋﻠﻴﺮﻏﻢ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺤﺪﻭﺩﻳﺖﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﭘﻴﻤﺎﻳﺶ ﻣﻤﻜﻦ ﺍﺳﺖ ﺑﻪ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻥ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻛﻨﺪ ـ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺍﺷﺎﺭﻩ ﺑﻪ‬
‫ﺑﻪ ﻧﻘﺎﻁ ﺍﺻﻠﻲ ﻛﻤﺒﻮﺩ ﻳﺎ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻗﺪﻳﻤﻲ ﻳﺎ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺴﺨﺘﻲ ﻗﺎﺑﻞ ﺩﺳﺘﺮﺳﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭﻧﮓ ﻧﺨﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﻛﺮﺩ ‪ .‬ﮔﻮﺍﻩ ﻭﺍﻗﻌﻲ ﺍﺯ‬
‫ﺳﻮﻱ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎ ﹰﻻ ﺩﺭ ﻫﺮ ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﮔﺬﺍﺭﻱ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻲ ﺩﺭ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺟﺪﻳﺪ‪ ،‬ﺳﺮﻣﺎﻳﻪﻱ ﺧﻮﺑﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ‪.‬‬
‫ﺩﺭ ﻣـﻮﺍﺭﺩﻱ ﻛـﻪ ﻣـﻴﺰﺍﻥ ﻗـﺎﺑﻞ ﺳﻨﺠﺸـﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻮﺟـﻮﺩﻱ ﻓﺮﺍﻫﻢ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺵ ﺩﻳﮕﺮ‪ ،‬ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺁﻣﺎﺭ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ‪ ،‬ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ﺍﺭﻗﺎﻡ ﺍﻣﺎﻧﺖ ﻭ‬
‫ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖﻫـﺎﻱ ﺭﺯﺭﻭ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﺪ ‪ .‬ﺑﻬـﺮ ﺣـﺎﻝ ﺩﺭ ﻋﻴـﻦ ﺍﺭﺍﺋﻪﻱ ﺷﺎﺧﺼﻪﻫـﺎﻱ ﻋﻼﻗﻪﻣـﻨﺪﻱ ﻭ ﮔﺮﺍﻳﺶ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﺭﺍ ﻧﺒﺎﻳﺪ ﺍﺯ ﻧﻈﺮ ﺩﻭﺭ‬
‫ﺩﺍﺷﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﺍﻧﺪﺍﺯﻩﮔﻴﺮﻱ ﺷﺪﻩﺍﻧﺪ ‪ .‬ﺗﺤﻠﻴﻞ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻣﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﻴﻦﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﺍﻱ ﻣﻲﺗﻮﺍﻧﺪ ﺳﺮﻧﺦ‬
‫ﺳﺮﻧﺦﻫـﺎﻳﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻣـﻮﺍﺩ ﻣﻮﺭﺩﻧﻴـﺎﺯﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺩﺭ ﻣﺤﻞ ﻣﻮﺟﻮﺩ ﻧﻴﺴﺘﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻪ ﺩﺳﺖ ﺩﻫﺪ ‪ .‬ﺑﻪ ﻟﺤﺎﻅ ﻧﻈﺮﻱ‪ ،‬ﺩﺭ ﺻﻮﺭﺕ ﺍﺳﺘﻔﺎﺩﻩ ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﻧﻈﺎﻡ‬
‫ﻛﺘـﺎﺑﮕﺮﺩﺍﻧﻲ ﻣﺎﺷـﻴﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﺗﺤﻠـﻴﻞ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﮔﻮﻧﻪ ﺁﻣﺎﺭﻫﺎ ﻧﺴﺒﺘ ﹰﺎ ﺁﺳﺎﻥ ﺍﺳﺖ ‪ .‬ﺍﺳﺘﺨﺮﺍﺝ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﻣﻌﻨﺎﺩﺍﺭ‪ ،‬ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﮔﺮﻓﺘﺎﺭﺷﺪﻥ ﺩﺭ ﺟﺰﺋﻴﺎﺕ‬
‫ﺑﻲﺭﺑـﻂ‪ ،‬ﻳـﺎ ﺻـﺮﻑ ﺯﻣـﺎﻥ ﻓﻮﻕﺍﻟﻌﺎﺩﻩ ﺯﻳﺎﺩ‪ ،‬ﻫﻤﻴﺸﻪ ﻫﻢ ﺳﺎﺩﻩ ﻧﻴﺴﺖ ‪ .‬ﺭﻭﺵ ﻛﻢﺗﺮ ﻧﻈﺎﻡﻣﻨﺪ ﻭﻟﻲ ﻣﻔﻴﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﺮﺭﺳﻲ ﻣﻨﻈﻢ ﻗﻔﺴﻪﻫﺎﻱ‬
‫ﺭﺯﺭﻭ‪ ،‬ﻛﺘﺎﺏﻫـﺎﻱ ﻣﻨﺘﻈﺮ ﺑﺮﮔﺸﺖ ﺑﻪ ﻗﻔﺴﻪ‪ ،‬ﻭ ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﻣﺎﻧﺖ ﺑﻴﻦﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧﻪﺍﻱ ﺍﺳﺖ ـ ﺯﻳﺮﺍ ﺍﻳﻦﻫﺎ ﺍﻗﻼﻣﻲ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺟﺰﻭ‬
‫ﺩﺭﺧﻮﺍﺳﺖﻫﺎﻱ ﺟﺎﺭﻱ ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺍﻳـﻦ ﺍﺧﺘﻴـﺎﺭ ﻧـﻴﺰ ﺑـﺮﺍﻱ ﻫـﺮ ﻛﺘﺎﺑﺨﺎﻧـﻪ ﻳـﺎ ﻭﺍﺣـﺪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋـﺎﺗﻲ ﻭﺟﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﺭﺍ ﻣﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤ ﹰﺎ ﺍﺯ ﻃﺮﻳﻖ ﻳﻚ ﺻﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬
‫ﭘﻴﺸﻨﻬﺎﺩﻫﺎ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎ ﺑﻮﺳﻴﻠﻪﻱ ﭼﺎﭘﻲ ﺟﻮﻳﺎ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ‪ .‬ﻣﻄﻤﺌﻨ ﹰﺎ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺘﻘﺎﺩﺁﻣﻴﺰ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺑﻮﺩ ﻭ ﺟﻤﻼﺗﻲ ﺍﺯ ﻗﺒﻴﻞ ‪» :‬ﻣﻦ ﻛﻠﹼﻲ‬
‫ﻛﻠﹼـﻲ ﻣﻨﺘﻈـﺮ ﻣﺎﻧﺪﻩﺍﻡ ﻛـﻪ ‪ «. . .‬ﺭﺍ ﻋﻨﻮﺍﻥ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻭﻟﻲ ﺍﻣﻴﺪ ﻣﻲﺭﻭﺩ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺮﺧﻲ ﻧﻴﺰ ﺗﻌﺮﻳﻒﻫﺎﻳﻲ ﺭﺍ ﺩﺭ ﺧﻮﺩ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﻧﻈﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻛـﻪ »ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨـﺎﻥ ﺷـﻤﺎ ﺧﻴﻠـﻲ ﻛﻤﻚ ﻧﻤﻮﺩﻩﺍﻧﺪ‪ .«. . .‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻈﺮﺍﺕ ﺍﺯ ﺣﻴﺚ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ‪ ،‬ﻧﺘﺎﻳﺞ ﻣﺜﺒﺘﻲ ﺧﻮﺍﻫﻨﺪ ﺩﺍﺷﺖ‪ ،‬ﻧﻈﻴﺮ‬
‫ﺗﻮﺿﻴﺤﺎﺗﻲ ﻛﻪ ﺣﻮﺯﻩﻫﺎﻱ ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺑﻴﺶﺗﺮﻱ ﺩﺭ ﺁﻥﻫﺎ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺍﺳﺖ‪ ،‬ﻳﺎ ﻣﻮﺍﺭﺩﻱ ﺭﺍ ﻛﻪ ﻧﺴﺨﻪﻫﺎﻱ ﺍﺿﺎﻓﻲ‬
‫ﺍﺯ ﻳﻚ ﻣﻨﺒﻊ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺧﺮﻳﺪﺍﺭﻱ ﮔﺮﺩﺩ ﻣﺸﺨﺺ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﻨﺪ‪.‬‬
‫ﺧﻼﺻﻪﻛﺮﺩﻥ‬
‫ﺑـﺎ ﻣﺮﻭﺭ ﻧﻴﺎﺯﻫﺎ ﻭ ﻋﻼﺋﻖ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ‪ ،‬ﻧﻜﺎﺕ ﻣﻬﻤﻲ ـ ﺩﺭﺑﺎﺭﻩﻱ ﭘﺴﺰﻣﻴﻨﻪ‪ ،‬ﺍﻟﮕﻮﻫﺎﻱ ﻛﺎﺭﻱ‪ ،‬ﺭﻭﺵﻫﺎﻱ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﺟﺴﺘﺠﻮﻱ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ‪،‬‬
‫ﻼ‬
‫ﺳﻄﺢ ﻣﻬﺎﺭﺕﻫﺎﻱ ﺭﺍﻳﺎﻧﻪﺍﻱ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ـ ﺑﺎﻳﺪ ﺭﻭﺷﻦ ﺷﻮﻧﺪ ‪ .‬ﺩﺭ ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻊ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺗﻲ ﺗﻮﺟﻪ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻳﻦ ﻣﺴﺎﺋﻞ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭ ﺍﻫﻤﻴﺖ ﺩﺍﺭﺩ ـ ﻣﺜ ﹰ‬
‫ﻼ ﺁﮔـﺎﻫﻲ ﺍﺯ ﺍﻳـﻦ ﻛـﻪ ﺑﻴﺶﺗﺮ ﻛﺎﺭﻛﻨﺎﻥ ﻳﻚ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﺩﺍﺭﺍﻱ ﻛﺎﺭﺍﻳﺴﺘﮕﺎﻩ ﺧﺎﺹ ﺧﻮﺩ ﻫﺴﺘﻨﺪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺷﺒﻜﻪﻱ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻩ ﻣﺮﺗﺒﻂ‬ ‫ﻣـﺜ ﹰ‬
‫ﻣﻲﺑﺎﺷـﺪ‪ ،‬ﮔـﺮﻓﺘﻦ ﺍﺷـﺘﺮﺍﻙ ﺟﺎﻣﻊ »ﺑﻴﺪﺯ« )ﺧﺪﻣﺎﺕ ﭘﻴﻮﺳﺘﻪﻱ ﺩﺍﻧﺸﮕﺎﻫﻲ ﺑﺮﺍﻱ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﻧﻬﺎﻳﻲ( ﺭﺍ ﺗﻮﺟﻴﻪ ﻣﻲﻛﻨﺪ‪ .‬ﻫﻤﭽﻨﻴﻦ ﺩﺭ‬
‫ﻳـﻚ ﻣﺤـﻴﻂ ﺑﺎﺯﺭﮔﺎﻧﻲ‪ ،‬ﺍﻳﻦ ﻧﻜﺘﻪ ﻛﻪ ﺑﺴﻴﺎﺭﻱ ﺍﺯ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﻓﻘﻂ ﺑﻪ ﺍﻃﻼﻋﺎﺕ ﺟﺎﺭﻱ ﻧﻴﺎﺯ ﺩﺍﺭﻧﺪ‪ ،‬ﺍﺣﺘﻤﺎ ﹰﻻ ﻣﺎﻧﻊ ﺍﺯ ﺧﺮﻳﺪ ﻳﻚ ﺩﻳﺴﻚ‬
‫ﻧـﻮﺭﻱ ﻛﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺩﻭ ﺑﺎﺭ ﺩﺭ ﺳﺎﻝ ﺭﻭﺯﺁﻣﺪ ﻣﻲﮔﺮﺩﺩ‪ ،‬ﺧﻮﺍﻫﺪ ﺷﺪ ‪ .‬ﻫﺪﻑ‪ ،‬ﺍﻧﺘﺨﺎﺏ ﻣﻨﺎﺑﻌﻲ ﺍﺳﺖ ﻛﻪ ﻧﻪ ﺗﻨﻬﺎ ﺍﺭﺗﺒﺎﻁ ﺑﻴﺶﺗﺮﻱ ﺑﺎ ﻋﻼﺋﻖ‬
‫ﻣﻮﺿﻮﻋﻲ ﻛﺎﺭﺑﺮﺍﻥ ﺩﺍﺷﺘﻪ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪ ،‬ﺑﻠﻜﻪ ﺑﺎ ﺍﻃﻼﻉﺟﻮﻳﻲ ﻭ ﺭﻭﺵ ﻛﺎﺭ ﺁﻧﺎﻥ ﻧﻴﺰ ﻣﻨﻄﺒﻖﺗﺮ ﺑﺎﺷﻨﺪ‪.‬‬

‫‪file://D:\IRANDOC\Data\Books\Resource\resource-2.htm‬‬ ‫‪29/05/1381‬‬