REFORÇO TURNING POINT 2B

The Simple Present Tense: Explanation and Examples

 Use does for he, she, it in
The Simple Present tense is used to negative sentences and
talk about habits, routines, facts, and questions.
general truths. It’s one of the most
common tenses in English and is used 2. The Verb "To Be" in the Simple
to describe things that happen Present
regularly or are always true. Structure:
 Affirmative: Subject + am/is/are
1. Verbs in the Simple Present  Negative: Subject + am not/is
Structure: not (isn’t)/are not (aren’t)
 Affirmative: Subject + Base  Question: Am/Is/Are + Subject
Verb (add -s or -es for he/she/it)
 Negative: Subject + do/does Examples:
not + Base Verb Affirmative:
 Question: Do/Does + Subject +  I am 15 years old.
Base Verb  She is a student at our school.
 They are my friends from the
Examples: soccer team.
Affirmative:
 I play video games after school. Negative:
 She watches her favorite show  I am not (‘m not) tired after
every night. class.
 They go to the park on weekends.  He is not (isn’t) in the same
class as me.
Negative:  We are not (aren’t) fans of that
 I do not (don’t) play football in band.
the morning.
 He does not (doesn’t) like Questions:
broccoli.  Are you ready for the test?
 We do not (don’t) wake up early  Is she your best friend?
on Sundays.  Are they coming to the party?
Questions:
3. When to Use the Simple Present
 Do you listen to music on the
1. Habits or Routines:
bus?
 I brush my teeth every morning.
 Does she have a pet?
 She checks her phone as soon as
 Do they study together after
she wakes up.
class?

Notes: 2. General Truths or Facts:

 For he/she/it subjects, add -s or -  The sun rises in the east.
es to the base verb (e.g.,  Water boils at 100°C.
watches, goes, does).
 Use do for I, you, we, they in 3. Likes, Dislikes, and Preferences:
negative sentences and  I love pizza.
questions.  He doesn’t like horror movies.

Exercise: Fill in the Gaps with the Verb "To Be" in the Simple
Present Tense
Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verb "to be" in the Simple Present Tense.
Use am, is, or are. For negative sentences, also include "not". Pay attention to the
symbols:

(+) Affirmative Examples:

(-) Negative (use "not") (+) I ___ am ___ a student at this school.
(?) Question (-) She ___ is not ___ interested in math.
(?) ___ Are ___ you ready for the test?

1. (+) They _______ from Brazil. anymore.

2. (-) He _______ in the classroom right 18. (?) _______ you ready to leave?
now. 19. (+) This game _______ really fun to
3. (?) _______ you the new student? play.
4. (+) We _______ excited about the trip. 20. (-) We _______ allowed to use our
5. (-) I _______ a fan of horror movies. phones in class.
6. (?) _______ she your sister? 21. (?) _______ the teacher in the
7. (+) The weather _______ really nice classroom?
today. 22. (+) My parents _______ at home
8. (-) You _______ allowed to go outside. now.
9. (?) _______ they coming to the party? 23. (-) The answers _______ correct.
10. (+) My favorite subject _______ 24. (?) _______ it difficult to understand?
science. 25. (+) I _______ interested in learning
11. (-) It _______ cold in here. English.
12. (?) _______ we late for the movie? 26. (-) They _______ members of the
13. (+) The school bus _______ always soccer team.
on time. 27. (?) _______ he the captain of the
14. (-) He _______ happy with the result. team?
15. (?) _______ I in the wrong class? 28. (+) This pizza _______ delicious!
16. (+) The concert _______ tomorrow 29. (-) She _______ old enough to drive.
night. 30. (?) _______ we going to the right
17. (-) She _______ my best friend place?

Exercise: Transform the Verb into the Third Person Singular Form
Transform the following verbs into the third person singular form (he, she, it) in the
Simple Present Tense.
Example:
play → plays
watch → watches

run → __________ teach → __________ box → __________

dance → __________ kiss → __________ fix → __________
study → __________ go → __________ play → __________
fix → __________ watch → __________ carry → __________
fly → __________ mix → __________ do → __________
read → __________ wish → __________ hurry → __________
carry → __________ pass → __________ brush → __________
cook → __________ relax → __________ help → __________
enjoy → __________ study → __________ buy → __________
wash → __________ miss → __________ cry → __________
cry → __________ catch → __________ try → __________
try → __________ finish → __________ dance → __________
love → __________ teach → __________ kiss → __________
push → __________ study → __________ watch → __________
relax → __________ hurry → __________ enjoy → __________

Exercise: Fill in the Gaps with Verbs in the Simple Present Tense
Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verb in the Simple Present Tense. Use
"don’t" or "doesn’t" for negative sentences. Pay attention to the symbols:

(+) Affirmative Examples:

(-) Negative (use "don’t/doesn’t" and (+) She ___ plays ___ the guitar every
the base verb) day.
(?) Question (-) They ___ don’t play ___ football on
Sundays.
(?) ___ Do ___ you ___ like ___ pizza?

1. (+) He ______ (run) every morning. family.

2. (-) We ______ (watch) TV after school. 20. (-) We ______ (swim) in the pool
3. (?) ______ you ______ (read) books every day.
often? 21. (?) ______ they ______ (sing) in the
4. (+) She ______ (study) English on choir?
weekends. 22. (+) I ______ (watch) cartoons in the
5. (-) They ______ (go) to the gym every morning.
day. 23. (-) She ______ (ride) her bike to
6. (?) ______ she ______ (dance) at school.
parties? 24. (?) ______ he ______ (play) the piano
7. (+) I ______ (like) listening to music. well?
8. (-) He ______ (do) his homework in 25. (+) They ______ (listen) to music on
the afternoon. the bus.
9. (?) ______ they ______ (play) video 26. (-) He ______ (study) French at
games after dinner? school.
10. (+) We ______ (visit) our 27. (?) ______ you ______ (take) the bus
grandparents on Sundays. to school?
11. (-) She ______ (eat) breakfast before 28. (+) She ______ (love) chocolate ice
school. cream.
12. (?) ______ you ______ (enjoy) 29. (-) We ______ (play) chess in the
watching movies? evening.
13. (+) The cat ______ (sleep) on the 30. (?) ______ they ______ (like) sports?
sofa. 31. (+) He ______ (finish) his homework
14. (-) I ______ (like) vegetables. before dinner.
15. (?) ______ he ______ (work) on 32. (-) She ______ (enjoy) playing video
weekends? games.
16. (+) They ______ (have) a picnic 33. (?) ______ you ______ (read) comics?
every Saturday. 34. (+) We ______ (have) lunch together
17. (-) She ______ (play) basketball after every day.
school. 35. (-) I ______ (watch) scary movies at
18. (?) ______ you ______ (go) to the night.
library often? 36. (?) ______ she ______ (visit) her
19. (+) He ______ (cook) dinner for his cousins often?
The Present Continuous Tense: Explanation and Examples
 They are taking a break from
The Present Continuous tense is used studying.
to describe actions that are happening
right now or around this moment in
time. It’s also used to talk about actions 3. Actions Happening Around This
that are ongoing or temporary. Time:
 I am working on a school project
1. Structure of the Present these days.
Continuous  She is preparing for a dance
Structure: competition.
 Affirmative: Subject + am/is/are
+ Verb + -ing (gerund) 3. How to Transform Verbs into
 Negative: Subject + am/is/are Gerunds
not + Verb + -ing (gerund) To use a verb in the Present
 Question: Am/Is/Are + Subject Continuous, you need to change it into
+ Verb + -ing (gerund) its gerund form, which is the base verb
plus -ing. Here’s how to do it with
Examples: action verbs:
Affirmative:
 I am playing video games right Rules for Adding "-ing":
now. 1. For most verbs: Just add -ing to
 She is listening to music on her the base form.
phone.  play → playing
 They are studying for their  watch → watching
exams.  listen → listening
2. For verbs ending in -e: Remove
Negative: the -e and add -ing.
 I am not watching TV at the  make → making
moment.  dance → dancing
 He is not doing his homework  write → writing
right now. 3. For one-syllable verbs with a
 We are not going to the park single vowel followed by a
today. consonant: Double the consonant
and add -ing.
Questions:  run → running
 Are you texting your friend?  swim → swimming
 Is she reading a book?  sit → sitting
 Are they eating lunch? 4. For verbs ending in -ie: Change -
ie to -y and add -ing.
2. When to Use the Present  lie → lying
Continuous  die → dying
1. Actions Happening Right Now:
 I am chatting with my friends Examples:
online.  play → I am playing basketball
 She is playing soccer in the with my friends.
yard.  make → She is making a new
playlist.
2. Temporary Actions:  run → They are running in the
 He is staying at his park.
grandparents' house this week.  write → He is writing an essay for
school.

Exercise: Transform the Verb into its Gerund Form

Transform the following action verbs into their gerund form by adding -ing.
Example:
play → playing
write → writing

run → __________ walk → __________ wash → __________

dance → __________ shop → __________ fix → __________
swim → __________ talk → __________ open → __________
make → __________ listen → __________ take → __________
read → __________ cook → __________ watch → __________
sit → __________ study → __________ laugh → __________
jump → __________ paint → __________ smile → __________
watch → __________ cry → __________ mix → __________
write → __________ read → __________ climb → __________
play → __________ clean → __________ throw → __________
sing → __________ draw → __________ start → __________
draw → __________ shop → __________ finish → __________
drive → __________ dance → __________ ride → __________
eat → __________ write → __________ play → __________
drink → __________ carry → __________ jump → __________

Exercise: Fill in the Gaps with the Present Continuous Tense

Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verb in the Present Continuous Tense.
Use the verb "to be" + not + the main verb + -ing for negative sentences. Pay
attention to the symbols:

(+) Affirmative Examples:

(-) Negative (use "to be + not" and the (+) She ___ is playing ___ the guitar
main verb with "-ing") right now.
(?) Question (-) They ___ are not playing ___ football
in the park.
(?) ___ Are ___ you ___ playing ___ a
video game?

1. (+) He _______________ (run) in the 10. (+) We _______________ (take) a walk

park. in the park.
2. (-) We _______________ (study) for the 11. (-) She _______________ (eat) dinner
test. with her family.
3. (?) _____ you ___________ (listen) to 12. (?) _____ you ___________ (work) on
music? your project?
4. (+) She _______________ (dance) at 13. (+) The cat _______________ (sleep)
the party. on the couch.
5. (-) They _______________ (watch) a 14. (-) I _______________ (draw) a
movie. picture.
6. (?) _____ he ___________ (write) a 15. (?) _____ he ___________ (play) the
letter? piano?
7. (+) I _______________ (read) a new 16. (+) They _______________ (ride) their
book. bikes.
8. (-) He _______________ (play) 17. (-) She _______________ (cook)
basketball with his friends. dinner.
9. (?) _____ they ___________ (go) to the 18. (?) _____ you ___________ (study)
concert? English?
19. (+) He _______________ (make) a picture.
sandwich. 29. (-) We _______________ (sit) in the
20. (-) We _______________ (run) in the living room.
morning. 30. (?) _____ they ___________ (watch)
21. (?) _____ they ___________ (swim) in the movie?
the pool? 31. (+) He _______________ (fix) his bike.
22. (+) I _______________ (write) a story. 32. (-) She _______________ (take)
23. (-) She _______________ (clean) her photos.
room. 33. (?) _____ you ___________ (make) a
24. (?) _____ he ___________ (watch) TV? cake?
25. (+) They _______________ (play) 34. (+) We _______________ (listen) to
soccer. the radio.
26. (-) He _______________ (read) a 35. (-) I _______________ (work) on my
magazine. homework.
27. (?) _____ you ___________ (go) to the 36. (?) _____ she ___________ (read) the
party? newspaper?
28. (+) She _______________ (paint) a

The Simple Past Tense: Explanation and Examples

The Simple Past tense is used to talk
about actions or situations that 2. Examples of the Simple Past
happened and were completed in the Affirmative Sentences:
past. It’s one of the most common  I played video games last
tenses used to describe past events. weekend.
 She watched her favorite show
1. Structure of the Simple Past yesterday.
Affirmative Sentences: Subject + verb  They went to the amusement
(past form) park last summer.
a) Regular Verbs (past form): Follow
a set pattern: add -ed to the base Negative Sentences:
form of the verb.  I did not (didn't) visit my friend
 play → played last week.
 watch → watched  He did not (didn't) finish his
homework yesterday.
b) Irregular Verbs (past form):  We did not (didn't) go to the
Change to a different form. These beach last vacation.
don’t follow a specific pattern.
 go → went Questions:
 eat → ate  Did you enjoy the concert last
Friday?
Negative Sentences: Subject + did  Did she finish the book she was
not (didn't) + base verb reading?
 I did not (didn't) play video  Did they have fun at the party?
games yesterday.
 She did not (didn't) watch the 3. Past Time Expressions
movie last night. Time expressions help indicate when
an action happened. Here are some
Questions: Did + subject + base common ones:
verb? Yesterday: I watched a movie
 Did you play soccer last yesterday.
weekend? Last week/month/year: We went to
 Did they watch the new episode? the zoo last weekend.
Two days ago: She started a new book Practice Examples
two days ago. Affirmative: She ___ (watch) a movie
In 2010: He graduated in 2010. last night.
A few days ago: They traveled a few watched
days ago. Negative: They ___ (not/finish) their
Last summer/winter: I visited my homework.
cousin last summer. did not (didn't) finish
Recently: I recently saw a great film. Question: Did you ___ (go) to the mall
last weekend?
go

Exercise: Fill in the Gaps with the Verb "To Be" in the Simple Past
Tense
Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verb "to be" in the Simple Past Tense.
Use "was" or "were" for affirmative and negative sentences, and follow the correct
order for questions. Pay attention to the symbols:

(+) Affirmative (+) They ___ were ___ at the party last
(-) Negative (use "was/were not" and night.
the complement) (-) I ___ was not ___ at home yesterday.
(?) Question (use "was/were + subject (?) ___ she ___ was ___ at school
+ complement") yesterday?
Examples:

1. (+) We _______ (be) at the concert last weekend.

last week. 15. (?) _______ they (be) at the
2. (-) She _______ (be) not happy with swimming pool?
her grade. 16. (+) She _______ (be) my best friend
3. (?) _______ they (be) at the mall in high school.
yesterday? 17. (-) We _______ (be) not sure about
4. (+) He _______ (be) tired after the the decision.
workout. 18. (?) _______ he (be) on vacation last
5. (-) I _______ (be) not at the meeting month?
last Friday. 19. (+) They _______ (be) very tired
6. (?) _______ you (be) at the game last after the trip.
night? 20. (-) I _______ (be) not at the dinner
7. (+) The kids _______ (be) excited party last night.
about the trip. 21. (?) _______ you (be) happy with the
8. (-) They _______ (be) not interested in results?
the new movie. 22. (+) He _______ (be) a great player
9. (?) _______ she (be) at her friend's on the team.
house? 23. (-) She _______ (be) not interested in
10. (+) I _______ (be) at the library all the class.
afternoon. 24. (?) _______ we (be) in the right
11. (-) He _______ (be) not ready for the place?
test. 25. (+) The movie _______ (be) really
12. (?) _______ we (be) late to the party? exciting.
13. (+) The weather _______ (be) nice 26. (-) They _______ (be) not ready for
yesterday. the presentation.
14. (-) You _______ (be) not at the park 27. (?) _______ he (be) at home
yesterday? last week.
28. (+) I _______ (be) at the gym this 30. (?) _______ she (be) at the store
morning. yesterday?
29. (-) We _______ (be) not at the event

Exercise: Transform the Verb into its Simple Past Form

Transform the following verbs into their Simple Past form.
Example:
play → played
go → went

play → __________ swim → __________ have → __________

watch → __________ start → __________ go → __________
study → __________ finish → __________ feel → __________
go → __________ give → __________ say → __________
eat → __________ bring → __________ tell → __________
see → __________ play → __________ think → __________
write → __________ find → __________ be → __________
read → __________ meet → __________ come → __________
make → __________ help → __________ leave → __________
take → __________ visit → __________ sleep → __________
sing → __________ hear → __________ choose → __________
dance → __________ sit → __________ sell → __________
run → __________ lie → __________ wear → __________
buy → __________ run → __________ meet → __________
cook → __________ do → __________ break → __________

Exercise: Fill in the Gaps with Verbs in the Simple Past Tense
Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verb in the Simple Past Tense. Use
"didn't" for negative sentences along with the base form of the verb. Pay attention
to the symbols:

Examples:
(+) Affirmative (+) She ___ visited ___ her friend last
(-) Negative (use "didn't" and the base weekend.
verb) (-) They ___ didn't see ___ the new
(?) Question (use "did" + subject + movie.
base verb) (?) _Did_ you _finish_ (finish) your
homework yesterday?

1. (+) I ___ (play) video games all day. 7. (+) She ___ (watch) a movie with her
2. (-) He ___ (not/like) the new friends.
restaurant. 8. (-) I ___ (not/finish) the book.
3. (?) ___ she ___ (go) to the gym 9. (?) ___ they ___ (visit) the museum
yesterday? last week?
4. (+) We ___ (eat) pizza for dinner. 10. (+) He ___ (write) a letter to his
5. (-) They ___ (not/understand) the cousin.
instructions. 11. (-) We ___ (not/see) the fireworks
6. (?) ___ you ___ (study) for the test display.
last night? 12. (?) ___ you ___ (call) your mom
yesterday? 25. (+) He ___ (learn) a new skill over
13. (+) They ___ (play) soccer in the the summer.
park. 26. (-) I ___ (not/understand) the
14. (-) She ___ (not/attend) the party. lecture.
15. (?) ___ he ___ (meet) his friend at 27. (?) ___ they ___ (play) any games
the café? yesterday?
16. (+) I ___ (visit) my grandparents 28. (+) She ___ (help) her friend with
last summer. the homework.
17. (-) They ___ (not/bring) any snacks. 29. (-) We ___ (not/watch) the TV show.
18. (?) ___ we ___ (have) homework to 30. (?) ___ you ___ (finish) your project
do? on time?
19. (+) She ___ (dance) at the school 31. (+) They ___ (go) to the park last
event. Saturday.
20. (-) He ___ (not/eat) lunch 32. (-) He ___ (not/clean) his room.
yesterday. 33. (?) ___ she ___ (read) the book last
21. (?) ___ you ___ (enjoy) the concert week?
last weekend? 34. (+) I ___ (enjoy) the movie last
22. (+) We ___ (finish) the project on night.
time. 35. (-) They ___ (not/visit) their friends
23. (-) They ___ (not/visit) their last month.
relatives. 36. (?) ___ you ___ (see) the new
24. (?) ___ she ___ (cook) dinner last movie?
night?

A Day at the Amusement Park – Version #1

Every summer, teenagers enjoy spending time at the amusement park. The
park is a fun place where friends and families have a great time together. Here is a
typical day at the park:
Sarah and her friends go to the amusement park every Saturday. They are
excited because the park is full of thrilling rides and delicious food. Sarah likes to
ride the roller coaster, but her friend Mark does not like it. He prefers the Ferris
wheel.
Sarah and Mark ask their friends if they want to join them. Most of their
friends are happy to go. They meet at the entrance of the park at 10 a.m. Sarah is
always the first one there.
The group takes many photos at the entrance. They eat ice cream and play
games. Sarah does not win any prizes, but she is still happy. Mark wins a large teddy
bear and is very proud.
After lunch, they go to see the magic show. The magician is amazing. He does
many tricks that surprise everyone. Sarah wants to learn magic tricks, but she does
not have time for classes.
They stay at the park until it is dark. Before leaving, they buy souvenirs. Sarah
and Mark are tired but have a great time. They talk about their favorite rides and
plan to come back next weekend.

A Day at the Amusement Park – Version #2

Last summer, teenagers enjoyed spending time at the amusement park. The
park was a fun place where friends and families had a great time together. Here is a
typical day at the park:
 Sarah and her friends went to the amusement park every Saturday. They were
excited because the park was full of thrilling rides and delicious food. Sarah liked to
ride the roller coaster, but her friend Mark did not like it. He preferred the Ferris
wheel.
Sarah and Mark asked their friends if they wanted to join them. Most of their
friends were happy to go. They met at the entrance of the park at 10 a.m. Sarah was
always the first one there.
The group took many photos at the entrance. They ate ice cream and played games.
Sarah did not win any prizes, but she was still happy. Mark won a large teddy bear
and was very proud.
After lunch, they went to see the magic show. The magician was amazing. He
did many tricks that surprised everyone. Sarah wanted to learn magic tricks, but she
did not have time for classes.
They stayed at the park until it was dark. Before leaving, they bought
souvenirs. Sarah and Mark were tired but had a great time. They talked about their
favorite rides and planned to come back next weekend.

A Day at the Amusement Park – Version #3

This summer, teenagers are enjoying spending time at the amusement park.
The park is a fun place where friends and families are having a great time together.
Here is a typical day at the park:
Sarah and her friends are going to the amusement park every Saturday. They
are being excited because the park is being full of thrilling rides and delicious food.
Sarah is liking to ride the roller coaster, but her friend Mark is not liking it. He is
preferring the Ferris wheel.
Sarah and Mark are asking their friends if they want to join them. Most of their
friends are being happy to go. They are meeting at the entrance of the park at 10
a.m. Sarah is being always the first one there.
The group is taking many photos at the entrance. They are eating ice cream
and are playing games. Sarah is not winning any prizes, but she is being still happy.
Mark is winning a large teddy bear and is being very proud.
After lunch, they are going to see the magic show. The magician is doing many
tricks that are surprising everyone. Sarah is wanting to learn magic tricks, but she is
not having time for classes.
They are staying at the park until it is getting dark. Before leaving, they are
buying souvenirs. Sarah and Mark are being tired but are having a great time. They
are talking about their favorite rides and are planning to come back next weekend.