PRODUCTIVE IMPROVEMENT AND CENTER OF EXCELLENCE

PROJECT TITLE

ELECTRIC VEHICLE CHARGER INSTALLATION

Table Of Content
1. Introduction………………………………………………………………………………1
1.1 Background ……………………………………………………………………………...1
1.2 Statement Of the Problem………………………………………………………………..2
1.3 General Objective ……………………………………………………………………….2
1.4 Specific Objective ……………………………………………………………………….3
1.5 Scope Of Work ………………………………………………………………………….3
1.6 Methodology …………………………………………………………………………….4
1.7 Benefits and Outcomes ………………………………………………………………….5
1.8 Implementation Plan …………………………………………………………………….5
1.9 Site Selection and Planning ……………………………………………………………..6
1.9.1 Infrastructure Development……………………………………………………...7
1.9.2 Capacity Building………………………………………………………………..7
1.9.3 Public Awareness and Education………………………………………………...8
1.9.4 Monitoring And Evaluation……………………………………………………...9
2. LITERATURE REVIEW ……………………………………………………………….10
3. Detailed Design ……………………………………………………………………….....11
3.1
3.1.1 Site Assessment and Planning………………………………………………..12
3.1.2 Charger Selection and Placement…………………………………………….12
3.1.3 Electrical Infrastructure Design……………………………………………....13
3.1.4 Power Supply and Distribution…………………………………………….....14
3.1.5 Safety and Compliance……………………………………………………….15
3.1.6 Environmental Considerations………………………………………………..15
3.1.7 Maintenance and Serviceability………………………………………………16
3.2 Resource Requirement ………………………………………………………………17
3.2.1 Charging Stations……………………………………………………………...17
3.2.2 Electrical Components………………………………………………………...17
3.2.3 Networking and Payment Systems……………………………………………17
3.2.4 Signage and Markings ………………………………………………………..18
3.2.5 Safety Equipment …………………………………………………………….18
3.2.6 Miscellaneous Supplies……………………………………………………….19
3.2.7 Permitting and Regulatory Compliance………………………………………19
3.3 Material Budget……………………………………………………………………..19
3.3.1 Level Two Charging Stations…………………………………………………20
3.3.2 DC Charging Station ………………………………………………………….21
3.4 Risk Assessment and Mitigation…………………………………………………….21
3.5 Evaluation and Monitoring………………………………………………………….21
3.6 TIME TABLE ………………………………………………………………………22
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………...22
References
Executive Summary

Overview

The proposed project aims to address the growing need for electric vehicle charging
infrastructure in Addis Ababa. As the demand for electric vehicles (EVs) continues to rise, the
lack of accessible charging stations poses a significant barrier to widespread adoption. This
project seeks to install a network of EV chargers (level two EVs and DC EV chargers)
strategically located throughout the region to support the transition to sustainable transportation.

Objectives:

1. Install LEVEL TWO and DC EV electric vehicle charging stations across key locations in
Addis Ababa.

2. Provide convenient and reliable charging options for EV owners, including both residential
and public charging stations.

3. Promote the use of electric vehicles by enhancing accessibility and infrastructure support.

4. Contribute to reducing greenhouse gas emissions and dependence on fossil fuels within the
community.

5. Foster collaboration with local stakeholders and businesses to support the adoption of electric
vehicles and sustainable transportation practices.

Key Outcomes:

1. Increased accessibility to electric vehicle charging infrastructure, promoting the adoption of

electric vehicles among residents, commuters, and businesses.

2. Reduction in greenhouse gas emissions and environmental impact associated with

transportation.

3. Improved air quality and public health outcomes through the promotion of zero-emission
transportation alternatives.

4. Economic benefits through job creation, increased tourism, and enhanced local business
opportunities.
5. Establishment of Addis Ababa as a leader in sustainable transportation initiatives, attracting
investment and fostering innovation in the clean energy sector.

Proposed Budget:

The estimated budget for installing [Number] electric vehicle chargers is [Budget Amount]. This
includes the costs associated with equipment procurement, installation, permits, signage, and
ongoing maintenance. Funding sources may include grants, public-private partnerships, and
community contributions.

In conclusion, the installation of electric vehicle chargers in [Location/City/Area] represents a

critical step towards achieving our sustainability goals and fostering a greener, more resilient
community. By investing in electric vehicle infrastructure, we can create a more inclusive,
environmentally friendly transportation system that benefits both current and future generations.
 1. INTRODUCTION

1.1 background

As the global shift towards sustainable transportation gains momentum, Ethiopia must embrace
innovative solutions to address environmental challenges and promote economic development.
Electric vehicles (EVs) offer a promising pathway to reduce carbon emissions and enhance
energy efficiency. Ethiopia, with its rapidly growing economy and expanding urban centers,
faces many of the same transportation challenges as other developing nations, including air
pollution, traffic congestion, and energy insecurity. However, the country is also uniquely
positioned to leverage the benefits of electric transportation due to its abundant renewable energy
resources, such as hydroelectric and solar power. a country known for its ambitious economic
growth and commitment to environmental sustainability, the need for electric vehicle chargers is
particularly significant. This proposal outlines the necessity, benefits, and strategic approach for
installing electric vehicle charging stations across ADDIS ABABA. the need for electric vehicle
chargers in ADDIS ABABA is critical for realizing the benefits of electric transportation,
including environmental sustainability, energy security, improved air quality, economic growth,
and integration with global initiatives. By investing in a robust charging infrastructure, Ethiopia
can pave the way for a cleaner, greener future while positioning itself as a leader in sustainable
transportation in Africa and beyond. As the automotive industry rapidly evolves towards
electrification, developing efficient and versatile electric vehicle (EV) charging infrastructure
becomes increasingly paramount. This introduction provides an overview of two essential types
of EV chargers: Level 2 and Direct Current (DC) EV chargers, highlighting their significance,
features, and applications in the context of the evolving EV landscape.

Type 2 chargers, also known as Level 2 chargers, represent a widely adopted standard for EV
charging, particularly in Europe and other regions. These chargers provide AC power and are
characterized by their versatility, compatibility, and relatively faster charging speeds compared
to standard household outlets. These chargers are compatible with a wide range of electric
vehicles, including plug-in hybrids and battery electric vehicles (BEVs), making them a
preferred choice for residential, commercial, and public charging applications. these chargers
offer increased power output, resulting in faster charging times, allowing EVs to recharge to 80%
capacity in 8 hours thereby enhancing user convenience and reducing overall charging durations
better than level one EV charging.

DC chargers, commonly referred to as fast chargers or rapid chargers, deliver DC power directly
to the vehicle's battery, bypassing the onboard charger and enabling significantly faster charging
rates compared to AC chargers. DC chargers are critical for long-distance travel and high-traffic
areas where rapid charging is essential. DC chargers can deliver charging speeds of up to 350
kW or more, allowing EVs to recharge to 80% capacity in as little as 20-30 minutes, making
them ideal for long-distance travel and high-demand charging scenarios.

1.2 Statement of The Problem:

Installing electric vehicle (EV) chargers for public use is essential to support the growing
demand for electric transportation and facilitate the transition towards sustainable mobility.
However, several challenges and barriers exist that hinder the widespread deployment of public
EV charging infrastructure:

Insufficient Charging Infrastructure: Many regions lack an adequate number of public EV

charging stations to meet the increasing demand from EV owners and potential adopters. The
scarcity of charging infrastructure limits the convenience and accessibility of EV charging,
particularly for drivers without access to home charging facilities or those traveling long
distances and also the perception of limited charging infrastructure and concerns about running
out of battery charge, commonly known as range anxiety, deter potential EV buyers and slow the
adoption of electric vehicles. Expanding public charging infrastructure can alleviate range
anxiety by providing drivers with more charging options and improving confidence in EVs'
range capabilities.

1.3 General Objective:

To establish a robust and accessible electric vehicle charging infrastructure that promotes the
widespread adoption of electric vehicles reduces greenhouse gas emissions, and fosters
sustainable transportation practices.

1.4 Specific Objective:

To install electric vehicle chargers at strategic locations across urban and suburban areas,
ensuring convenient access for electric vehicle owners, enhancing the range and flexibility of
electric vehicle travel, and contributing to reducing carbon emissions in line with environmental
sustainability goals.

1.5 SCOPE OF WORK:

The scope of work for the installation of EV chargers encompasses a comprehensive set of tasks
aimed at establishing functional and reliable charging infrastructure. This includes conducting
site assessments to determine optimal charger placement, coordinating with utility providers to
ensure adequate power supply and compliance with local regulations, procuring and installing
appropriate charging equipment, such as DC fast chargers or AC chargers, and integrating
necessary supporting infrastructure like electrical wiring, networking, and communication
systems. Additionally, the scope involves obtaining permits, managing construction activities,
and conducting testing and commissioning to ensure the chargers are operational and compliant
with safety standards. Post-installation tasks may include user training, ongoing monitoring, and
maintenance to optimize performance and ensure the long-term viability of the EV charging
infrastructure.

1.6 METHODOLOGY OR APPROACH

The methodology or approach for the installation of EV chargers entails a systematic and multi-
faceted process aimed at delivering efficient, reliable, and sustainable charging infrastructure.
Initially, a thorough site assessment is conducted to evaluate factors such as location suitability,
power availability, and regulatory requirements. Subsequently, meticulous planning and
coordination are employed to procure necessary equipment, secure permits, and engage
stakeholders, including utility providers and local authorities. During the installation phase,
skilled technicians execute the deployment of charging units, ensuring adherence to safety
protocols and quality standards. Post-installation, rigorous testing and commissioning procedures
are carried out to verify functionality and performance. Continuous monitoring and proactive
maintenance strategies are then implemented to optimize operational efficiency and address any
potential issues, thereby ensuring the seamless integration and long-term success of the EV
charger installation.
1.7 Benefits and Outcomes

The installation of EV chargers yields numerous benefits and outcomes that

contribute to the advancement of sustainable transportation and environmental
stewardship. Firstly, it enhances accessibility to electric vehicle charging
infrastructure, facilitating the transition to cleaner transportation options and
reducing dependence on fossil fuels. This expansion of charging networks fosters
greater adoption of electric vehicles, resulting in decreased greenhouse gas
emissions and improved air quality, thus mitigating the impacts of climate change
and promoting public health. Moreover, the installation of EV chargers stimulates
economic growth by creating job opportunities in the renewable energy and
automotive sectors, while also attracting investment in clean energy technologies.
Additionally, by reducing reliance on imported oil and promoting energy
independence, EV charging infrastructure enhances energy security and resilience.
Overall, the deployment of EV chargers embodies a sustainable solution that
fosters environmental, economic, and societal benefits, positioning communities
for a more resilient and prosperous future.

1.8 IMPLEMENTATION PLAN

1.8.1 Policy and Regulatory Framework

Develop a comprehensive policy and regulatory framework to support the deployment of electric
vehicle charging infrastructure. This includes establishing technical standards, licensing
requirements, and tariff structures for charging station operators.

1.8.2 Stakeholder Engagement:

Engage with government agencies, private sector entities, civil society organizations, and
international partners to garner support and collaboration for the installation of electric vehicle
charging stations. Foster dialogue, share best practices, and leverage expertise to accelerate
implementation efforts.

1.8.3 Site Selection and Planning:

Identify strategic locations for installing electric vehicle charging stations, considering factors
such as population density, transportation corridors, tourism destinations, and commercial hubs.
Conduct site assessments, feasibility studies, and environmental impact assessments to inform
decision-making.

1.8.4 Infrastructure Development:

Invest in the construction and deployment of electric vehicle charging stations across Ethiopia,
utilizing a mix of public and private funding sources. Deploy fast-charging and slow-charging
stations to accommodate different types of EVs and charging needs.

1.8.5 Capacity Building:

Provide training and capacity-building programs for technicians, operators, and maintenance
personnel responsible for operating and maintaining electric vehicle charging stations. Ensure
adherence to safety protocols, quality standards, and customer service practices.

1.8.6 Public Awareness and Education:

Launch a public awareness campaign to educate consumers, businesses, and policymakers about
the benefits of electric vehicles and the availability of charging infrastructure. Provide
information on incentives, rebates, and financing options to encourage EV adoption and support
market growth.

1.8.7 Monitoring and Evaluation:

Establish monitoring and evaluation mechanisms to track the performance, usage, and impact of
electric vehicle charging stations. Collect data on charging patterns, energy consumption, and
user satisfaction to optimize infrastructure deployment and inform future investments.
Targeting urban areas with high population density and significant vehicular traffic can be
strategic for the installation of EV charger cars. Specifically, locations such as downtown cores,
commercial districts, shopping centers, and public parking facilities serve as ideal target areas
due to their accessibility and visibility. Moreover, targeting areas with limited off-street parking
options, such as densely populated residential neighborhoods or apartment complexes, can help
address the charging needs of residents without dedicated parking spaces. Additionally,
proximity to key amenities and attractions, including public transportation hubs, workplaces, and
entertainment venues, can enhance the convenience and attractiveness of EV charging services.
By strategically selecting target areas based on these criteria, stakeholders can maximize the
utilization and impact of EV charger installations, effectively supporting the adoption of electric
vehicles and promoting sustainable mobility within urban communities.

2. LITERATURE REVIEW

The literature on the installation of EV chargers reveals a growing body of research and
discourse surrounding the challenges, opportunities, and best practices associated with deploying
charging infrastructure. Studies emphasize the critical role of EV chargers in advancing
sustainable transportation goals, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and enhancing energy
security (Liang et al., 2020). Research highlights the importance of strategic site selection,
infrastructure planning, and stakeholder engagement in ensuring the successful implementation
of charging networks (Burger et al., 2019). Furthermore, scholars explore various technological
advancements, policy frameworks, and business models aimed at accelerating the adoption and
deployment of EV chargers (Sierzchula et al., 2014). Key themes include the need for
interoperability standards, the integration of renewable energy sources, the optimization of
charging infrastructure for grid resilience, and the promotion of equitable access to charging
services (Sierzchula et al., 2014; Li et al., 2021). Despite significant progress, gaps in knowledge
persist, particularly concerning the long-term impacts of EV charger deployment on energy
systems, urban planning, and societal dynamics (Weber et al., 2020). Addressing these gaps
requires interdisciplinary collaboration and continued research efforts to inform evidence-based
decision-making and policy development in the rapidly evolving field of electric vehicle
infrastructure.

3 Detailed Design

3.1.1 Site Assessment and Planning:

- Conduct a thorough site assessment to identify suitable locations for charger installation,
considering factors such as proximity to power sources, parking accessibility, visibility, and
future expansion potential.

- Obtain necessary permits and approvals from local authorities and property owners to ensure
compliance with zoning regulations, building codes, and environmental requirements.

3.1.2 Charger Selection and Placement:

- Choose appropriate charger types and models based on anticipated usage, charging speeds,
and user needs (e.g., Level 2 AC chargers for residential areas, and DC fast chargers for
commercial locations).
 - Determine the optimal placement of chargers to maximize accessibility, minimize cable
lengths, and ensure compatibility with existing infrastructure (e.g., parking layout, electrical
service panels).

- Install charging stations in prominent and well-lit areas with clear signage and markings to
facilitate user navigation and promote safety.

3.1.3 Electrical Infrastructure Design:

- Conduct a load analysis to determine the electrical capacity required for charging stations and
ensure compatibility with existing electrical systems.

- Design electrical wiring and circuits to accommodate the maximum charging demand,
considering factors such as voltage drop, wire gauge, and circuit protection.

- Specify conduit and wiring routes to minimize exposure to environmental hazards, prevent
cable damage, and comply with electrical codes and standards.

3.1.4 Power Supply and Distribution:

- Identify suitable power sources, such as utility mains or renewable energy systems, to supply
electricity to charging stations.

- Design power distribution systems, including transformers, switchgear, and distribution

panels, to deliver adequate power to multiple charging stations while maintaining grid stability.
 - Integrate smart grid technologies and energy management systems to optimize charging
schedules, mitigate grid impacts, and support demand response programs.

3.1.5 Safety and Compliance:

- Incorporate safety features, such as ground fault protection, overcurrent protection, and surge
suppression, to ensure electrical safety and protect charging equipment from damage.

- Follow best practices for charger installation, including proper grounding, cable management,
and insulation techniques, to minimize risks of electrical hazards and fire hazards.

- Conduct thorough testing and commissioning of charging infrastructure to verify compliance

with regulatory requirements, industry standards, and manufacturer specifications.

3.1.6 Environmental Considerations:

- Implement sustainable practices, such as energy-efficient lighting, recycled materials, and

green landscaping, to minimize environmental impacts and enhance the sustainability of charger
installations.

- Consider opportunities for renewable energy integration, such as solar panels or wind
turbines, to offset electricity consumption from charging stations and reduce carbon emissions.

- Design charging infrastructure with resilience and adaptability to withstand extreme weather
events, temperature fluctuations, and other environmental factors.

3.1.7 Maintenance and Serviceability:

- Develop a comprehensive maintenance plan to ensure the ongoing performance and

reliability of charging infrastructure, including regular inspections, preventive maintenance, and
troubleshooting procedures.

- Provide accessible service access points, such as removable panels or diagnostic ports, for
technicians to perform maintenance tasks and diagnostic tests efficiently.

- Establish partnerships with qualified service providers and suppliers to procure spare parts,
replacement components, and technical support for charger maintenance and repairs.
In conclusion, the detailed design for electric vehicle charger installation encompasses various
aspects of site assessment, charger selection, electrical infrastructure design, networking, safety
compliance, environmental considerations, and maintenance planning. By following best
practices and integrating sustainable solutions, stakeholders can create a robust and reliable
charging infrastructure that supports the transition to electric mobility and promotes a greener,
more sustainable transportation ecosystem

3.2 Resource requirement

3.2.1 Charging Stations:

- Level 2 Electric Vehicle Charging Stations: These are the primary components required for
charging electric vehicles. The quantity will depend on the anticipated demand and the number
of parking spaces designated for EV charging.

- Mounting Hardware: Bolts, anchors, and brackets for securely mounting the charging stations
to the ground or wall.

3.2.2 Electrical Components:

- Electrical Wiring: High-quality wiring suitable for outdoor installation, capable of handling
the required voltage and current ratings.

- Circuit Breakers: Circuit protection devices to ensure safety and prevent overloads in the
electrical system.

- Conduit and Fittings: Protective conduit and fittings for routing electrical wiring from the
main power source to the charging stations.

- Junction Boxes: Enclosures for housing electrical connections and protecting environmental
factors.

- Electrical Panels: If necessary, additional electrical panels or subpanels may be required to

accommodate the increased load from the charging stations.

- Surge Protection Devices: Surge protectors to safeguard the charging stations and electrical
infrastructure against voltage spikes.
3.2.3 Networking and Payment Systems:

- Networking Hardware: Routers, switches, and access points for establishing a reliable
network connection and enabling remote monitoring and management of the charging stations.

- Software Platforms: Subscription or licensing fees for software platforms or applications that
facilitate user authentication, charging session management, billing, and reporting.

- Payment Terminals: Payment terminals or systems for processing payments from users,
including credit card readers, NFC (Near Field Communication) readers, or mobile payment
solutions.

3.2.4 Signage and Markings:

- Signage: Custom signs indicating the availability of electric vehicle charging, designated EV
parking spots, charging rates (if applicable), usage instructions, and terms and conditions.

- Pavement Markings: Thermoplastic or paint markings on the pavement to designate EV

parking spots and provide visual cues for drivers.

3.2.5 Safety Equipment:

- Safety Barriers: Barriers or bollards to protect the charging stations from accidental collisions
and ensure the safety of pedestrians and vehicles.

- Grounding Equipment: Grounding rods and cables to establish proper grounding for the
charging stations and electrical infrastructure.

3.2.6 Miscellaneous Supplies:

- Cable Management: Cable trays, conduits, ties, and clamps for organizing and securing
electrical wiring and networking cables.

- Weatherproofing Materials: Sealants, gaskets, and weatherproof enclosures to protect

electrical components from moisture, dust, and other environmental factors.

- Tools and Equipment: Tools and equipment required for installation, including drills, saws,
crimping tools, cable cutters, and testing equipment.
3.2.7 Permitting and Regulatory Compliance:

- Permit Fees: Fees associated with obtaining permits for electrical work, construction, and
signage installation.

- Regulatory Compliance: Costs associated with ensuring compliance with local building
codes, electrical codes, zoning regulations, ADA (Americans with Disabilities Act)
requirements, and other applicable regulations.

3.2.8 Contingency:

- Contingency Budget: A contingency budget to account for unforeseen expenses, delays, or

additional requirements that may arise during the installation process.

Note: The quantities and specific materials listed above may vary depending on factors such as
the size of the installation, site-specific requirements, local regulations, and project
specifications. It is essential to consult with qualified professionals, such as electrical engineers,
contractors, and regulatory authorities, to ensure that the material list is comprehensive and
meets all necessary standards and requirements.

To provide a detailed material budget and installation cost for the electric vehicle charger port
installation project, we'll need to consider various factors such as the size of the installation, the
number of charging stations, the existing electrical infrastructure, and any additional
requirements specific to the site. Below is an example breakdown of material costs and estimated
installation expenses based on a hypothetical scenario:

3.3 Material Budget:

3.3.1 Level Two Charging Stations:

- Level 2 Electric Vehicle Charging Stations (Quantity: 4): 80,000birr x 4 = 320,000birr

 - Mounting Hardware: 10,000birrr

Electrical Components:

- Electrical Wiring: 50,000

- Circuit Breakers: 50,500

- Conduit and Fittings: 50,000

- Junction Boxes: 10500

- Electrical Panels (if necessary):20,000

- Surge Protection Devices: 60,000

Networking and Payment Systems:

- Networking Hardware: $3,000

- Software Platforms: $2,500

- Payment Terminals: $1,500

Signage and Markings:

- Signage: $1,000

- Pavement Markings: $500

Safety Equipment:

- Safety Barriers: $2,000

- Grounding Equipment: $500

Miscellaneous Supplies:

- Cable Management: $1,000

- Weatherproofing Materials: $500

- Tools and Equipment: $1,500

Permitting and Regulatory Compliance:

 - Permit Fees: $1,000

- Regulatory Compliance: $2,000

Contingency (10% of total material cost): =

- $6,800

Total Material Budget:

-Sum of all above costs + Contingency = $51,800

Installation Cost:

Installation costs can vary significantly based on factors such as labor rates, the complexity of
the installation, and any unforeseen challenges encountered during the process. As a rough
estimate, installation costs typically range from 50% to 100% of the material budget. Assuming a
moderate installation cost of 75% of the material budget:

Installation Cost = 0.75 x $51,800 = $38,850

Total Project Cost:

Total Project Cost = Material Budget + Installation Cost

Total Project Cost = $51,800 (Material Budget) + $38,850 (Installation Cost)

Total Project Cost = $90,650

Please note that the above figures are estimates and actual costs may vary based on specific
project requirements and market conditions. It's essential to obtain quotes from qualified
contractors and suppliers to get accurate pricing for the electric vehicle charger port installation
project. Additionally, it's advisable to allocate a contingency budget to account for any
unforeseen expenses that may arise during the implementation phase.

3.3.2 DC charging station

Below is a detailed breakdown of the budget and cost estimation for installing a DC electric
vehicle (EV) charger:

1. Charger Type and Power Capacity:

 - DC Fast Charger: $20,000 - $50,000

2. Site Preparation:

- Excavation and Site Clearing: $1,000 - $5,000

- Concrete Pad or Foundation: $1,500 - $3,000

- Landscaping and Restoration: $500 - $2,000

3. Electrical Infrastructure Upgrades:

- Upgrades to Electrical Service Panel: $1,000 - $5,000

- Transformer or Power Conditioning Equipment: $2,000 - $10,000

4. Permitting and Regulatory Costs:

- Permit Fees: $500 - $2,000

- Regulatory Compliance: $500 - $2,000

5. Installation Labor:

- Electrician and Contractor Fees: $2,000 - $10,000

6. Networking and Communication:

- Networking Equipment: $1,000 - $5,000

- Communication Services: $500 - $2,000

7. Utility Costs:

- Connection Fees: Varies

- Ongoing costs for electricity consumed during charging sessions, typically billed per kWh.

8. Additional Features:

- Lighting, Signage, Canopy Installation: $1,000 - $5,000

Total Estimated Cost Range: $33,000 - $120,000

Please note that these estimates are rough approximations and actual costs may vary depending
on factors such as location, specific site conditions, equipment choices, and contractor rates. It's
advisable to obtain quotes from multiple vendors or contractors to get a more accurate estimate
for your specific project.

3.4 Risk Assessment and Mitigation:

Risk assessment and mitigation are essential for the successful installation of EV chargers.
Potential risks include technical challenges such as compatibility issues with existing
infrastructure, unexpected site conditions, regulatory hurdles, and cost overruns. To mitigate
these risks, thorough planning and coordination among stakeholders are critical. This involves
conducting site surveys and feasibility studies to identify potential challenges upfront, engaging
with local authorities to navigate permitting requirements, and establishing clear communication
channels with utility providers and contractors. Implementing contingency plans and allocating
resources for unforeseen circumstances can help minimize disruptions and delays during the
installation process. Additionally, regular monitoring and proactive maintenance strategies post-
installation can mitigate risks associated with equipment failures or operational issues, ensuring
the continued functionality and reliability of the EV charging infrastructure.

3.5 Evaluation and Monitoring:

The installation of EV chargers are crucial component to ensure the project's success and
effectiveness. Evaluation involves assessing the initial objectives of the installation, such as
increasing accessibility to EV charging infrastructure, reducing carbon emissions, or meeting
regulatory requirements. This process may include analyzing the site selection process, assessing
the adequacy of infrastructure upgrades, and reviewing the integration of networking and
communication systems for remote monitoring. Monitoring involves ongoing observation of the
charger's performance, including its reliability, utilization rates, and user satisfaction. It also
entails tracking energy consumption, demand patterns, and any issues or maintenance
requirements that arise. By conducting thorough evaluations and implementing robust
monitoring protocols, stakeholders can identify areas for improvement, optimize operational
efficiency, and ultimately ensure the long-term viability and impact of the EV charger
installation.
3.6 TIME TABLE

No. Job Task Duration

1 Task 1: Conduct a site visit and assessment 2 days

Task 2: Review electrical infrastructure and capacity analysis 3 days

Site assessment Task 3: Determine optimal locations for charger placement 2 days

Task 4: Prepare site assessment report 1 day

Task 5: Obtain necessary permits and approvals Variable
(Dependent
on regulatory
timelines)

Task 1: Procure materials and equipment 3 days

2 Electrical Upgrades Task 2: Upgrade electrical panels and circuits 5 days

Task 3: Install conduit and wiring for charger ports 4 days

Task 4: Grounding and surge protection installation 2 days

Task 5: Electrical inspection and testing 2 days

Task 1: Procure charging stations and mounting hardware 3 days

- Task 2: Install charging stations at designated locations 7 days

3 Charger Port
Installation Task 3: Connect electrical wiring and configure networking 5 days
systems
- Task 4: Test charging stations and networking connectivity 2 days

- Task 5: Install signage and pavement markings 3 days

4 Project - Task 1: Project kickoff and team coordination 1 day

Management:
5 Contingency: Task 1: Allocate time for unforeseen delays or challenges 10% of total
project
duration
6 Project Completion Task 2: Handover and training for client staff 2 days
3.6 Conclusion

the installation of electric vehicle chargers represents a crucial step toward promoting sustainable
transportation, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and fostering economic growth. Electric
vehicle chargers play a vital role in facilitating the adoption of electric vehicles, improving air
quality, and advancing the transition to clean energy sources.

Through comprehensive planning, strategic investment, and collaboration among stakeholders,

the installation of electric vehicle chargers can have significant long-term benefits for
communities, the environment, and the economy. By promoting renewable energy integration,
supporting job creation, and enhancing transportation equity, charger installations contribute to
building a more resilient, sustainable, and equitable transportation infrastructure.

Furthermore, electric vehicle chargers serve as visible symbols of progress towards a cleaner,
greener future, raising awareness about the benefits of electric vehicles and clean energy
technologies. Charger installations inspire public education, engagement, and advocacy for
sustainable mobility solutions, driving innovation and fostering positive behavior change.

As we continue to expand charger infrastructure, it is essential to prioritize sustainability,

accessibility, and social equity, ensuring that all communities have equal access to clean
transportation options. By leveraging charger installations as catalysts for positive change, we
can accelerate the transition to electrified transportation systems and create a more sustainable
and prosperous future for generations to come.

References:

- Liang, C., Cao, Q., & Ding, W. (2020). The role of electric vehicle charging infrastructure
deployment in CO2 emissions reduction in the USA. Energy Policy, 147, 111920.
- Burger, N., Haberschusz, A., Dütschke, E., & Fichtner, W. (2019). User-centered design of
electric vehicle charging infrastructure. Transportation Research Part D: Transport and
Environment, 70, 146-162.

- Sierzchula, W., Bakker, S., & Maat, K. (2014). Electric vehicles in a dynamic context:
Integrating preferences in a discrete choice model. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and
Practice, 63, 19-34.

- Li, Y., Zheng, Y., Li, X., & Wu, Y. (2021). A review of electric vehicle charging infrastructure
planning: Models, methods and future directions. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews,
148, 111321.

- Weber, K. J., Hebb, T., Bradley, T. H., & Kempton, W. (2020). The impact of electric vehicle
adoption on electric power consumption and generation in the United States. Energy, 210,
118406.

Thank you for considering this proposal for the installation of electric vehicle charging stations
in Ethiopia. Together, we can drive positive change and build a more sustainable future for all.