SLIDE 2
Analytical Psychology – Carl Jung
-rest on the assumption that occult (supernatural, mystical, or magical beliefs,
practices, connected with magic powers and things that cannot be explained by reason or
science ) phenomena can and do influence the lives of everyone
-by certain emotionally toned experiences inherited from our
ancestors
In a letter to Calvin Hall, dated October 6, 1954, Jung argued: “If you call me an occultist
because I am seriously investigating religious, mythological, folkloristic and philosophical
fantasies in modern individuals and ancient texts, then you are bound to diagnose Freud as a
sexual pervert since he is doing likewise with sexual fantasies” (Jung, 1975, p. 186).
SLIDE 3
BIOGRAPHY
Carl Gustav Jung – July 26, 1875 in Lake Constance in
Switzerland
(Father) Johann Paul Jung – minister
(Mother) Emilie Preiswerk Jung – daughter of theologian
Parents had 3 children (son before him live only for 3
days, daughter 9 years younger than him)
Early life was that of an only child
Felt distrustful whenever hear the word ”love”
“woman”- unreliability
Emilie Jung's continuing bouts of absence and depression
deeply troubled her son and caused him to associate women
with "innate unreliability", ... Hospitalized mother, troubled
“father” – reliable but powerless
No.1 personality- in tune to the objective world
(extraverted)
2- direct inward toward his subjective world (introverted)
During Jung’s early childhood he did not always have the best of relationships with his parents.
He considered his mother to be a good mother, but he felt that her true personality was always
hidden. She spent some time in the hospital when he was three years old, in part due to problems
in her marriage. Jung found this separation from his mother deeply troubling, and he became
mistrustful of the spoken word “love.” Since his father was a pastor, there were often funerals
and burials, all of which was very mysterious to the young Jung. In addition, his mother was
considered a spiritual medium, and often helped Jung with his later studies on the occult. Perhaps
most troubling of all, was Jung’s belief that his father did not really know God, but rather, had
become a minister trapped in the performance of meaningless ritual (Jaffe, 1979; Jung, 1961;
Wehr, 1989).
First choice profession was archeology
First year med school – father died
Basel university 1900 –finished med school
1902-1903 6 months studied in Paris with Pierre Janet
1906- Jung and Freud steady correspondence
Freud’s ideal successor
Memories, Dreams, Reflections
SLIDE 4
If Freud has ID, Ego, and Super ego si Jung may,
Levels of Psyche
Conscious- are those that are sensed by the ego, where
areas unconscious elements have no relationship with the
ego
ego as the center of consciousness but not the core of
personality
ego is not the whole personality but must be completed
by the more comprehensive self (unconscious)
in a psychologically healthy person, ego takes a
secondary position to the conscious self
healthy individuals are in contact with their conscious
world, but they also allow themselves to experience
their unconscious self.
Personal Unconscious- embraces all repressed, forgotten,
or subliminally perceived experience of one particular
individual
Individual experiences that are unique to each of us.
Collective Unconscious- has roots in the ancestral past of
the entire species
Do not lie dormant but are active and influence a
person’s thought, emotions, and actions.
- humans’ innate tendency to react in a particular way
whenever their experiences stimulate a biologically
inherited response tendency
5th slide
Archetypes
Ancient or archaic images that derive from the collective
unconscious (has roots in the ancestral past of the entire
species)
The archetype itself cannot be directly represented, but when
activated, it ex-presses itself through several modes, primarily
dreams, fantasies, and delusions.
Persona- (public face) side of personality that people
show to the world
Shadow- archetype of darkness and repression
-represents those qualities we do not wish to
acknowledge but attempt to hide from ourselves and
others
- To overcome we should achieve “realization of the
shadow”
Anima- the feminine side of men
To master, men must overcome intellectual barriers,
delve into far recesses of their unconscious, and realize
the feminine side of their personality.
Certain mood and irrational feelings
Animus- masculine archetype in women
Symbolic thinking and reasoning
Originates from the encounters of prehistoric women
with men
explanation for irrational thinking and illogical
opinions
Great Mother- two opposing forces
- (fertility and nourishment) capable of producing and
sustaining life
- (power and destruction) devour and neglect her
offspring
Symbolized by a tree, garden, plowed field, sea,
heaven, home, country, church, etc.
Wise Old Man- archetype of wisdom and meaning
Symbolizes humans’ preexisting knowledge of the
mysteries of life
Hero- represented in mythology
Part god who fights against great odds to conquer or
vanquish evil
Self- each person possesses an inherited tendency to
move toward growth, perfection, and completion
Archetype of archetypes
Ultimate symbol is mandala
SLIDE 6 – Personality
SLIDE 7
Attitudes – predisposition to act or react in a characteristic
direction
Introversion- turning inward of psychic energy with an
orientation toward the subjective
Extraversion- turning outward of psychic energy so that a
person is oriented toward the objective and away from
the subjective
-influenced by the surroundings than by their inner world
Psychologically healthy people attain balance of the two
attitudes
SLIDE 8
Both introversion and extraversion can combine with any one or more of four functions,
Forming eight possible orientations, or types.
The four functions—sensing, thinking, feeling, and intuiting—can be briefly defined as follows: Sensing
tells people that something exists thinking enables them to recognize its meaning; feeling tells them its
value or worth; and intuition allows them to know about it without knowing how they know.
4 Separate Functions
Thinking – logical intellectual activity that produces chain
of ideas
Feeling – describe the process of evaluating an idea or
event
Sensing – receives physical stimuli and transmits them to
perceptual consciousness
Intuiting – perception beyond the workings of
consciousness
Stages of Development
Childhood
(Anarchic) chaotic and sporadic consciousness
(monarchic) development of ego and by the beginning
of logical and verbal thinking
(dualistic) ego is divided into the objective and
subjective
Youth (Extraversion)- puberty until middle life
Middle life (Introversion) – begins at 35 or 40
Old Age- fear of death; death is the goal of life
Self- Realization – or individuation; process of becoming an
individual
Concept of Humanity
Neither pessimistic or optimistic
Neither deterministic or purposive
Both casual and teleological
More on biological than social
High on similarities, low on uniqueness
Concept of Humanity – Sigmund Freud
Concept of Humanity
Determinism
Pessimistic
Causality
Unconscious
Biological influences
Middle on uniqueness vs. similarities
