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[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1  mšÍvb‡`i †Pnvivi g‡a¨ †ewki fvM †ÿ‡ÎB evev gvi MVb I 5  eZ©gv‡b GKwU DbœZ cÖhyw³ e¨env‡ii gva¨‡g Bbmywjb
ˆewk‡ó¨i wgkÖY cwijwÿZ nq| Drcv`b cÖwµqv Lye mnRZi n‡q‡Q| Avevi
K. A¨vgvB‡Uvwmm Kv‡K e‡j? 1 gvB‡µv‡cÖvcv‡Mkb c×wZ dmj Drcv`‡b wecøe NwU‡q‡Q|
L. gvB‡UvwUK B‡Û· ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 K. BDwbU †gg‡eªb Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ evev-gvi Pwi‡Îi wgkÖY MVbKvix L. Uª v ݇RwbK cÖv Yx ej‡Z Kx ey S ? 2
A½vYyi MVb ˆewkó¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖ_g As‡k †h cÖhyw³i D‡jøL i‡q‡Q
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †Kvb c×wZ msMV‡bi Rb¨ Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
mšÍvb‡`i g‡a¨ ˆewk‡ó¨i wgkÖY cwijwÿZ nq? N. DÏxc‡Ki wØZxq As‡ki Kvh© µ gwU K… wl‡ÿ‡Î wecø e
we‡kølY Ki| 4 NwU‡q‡Q  we‡kølY Ki| 4
2  Rev Kzmyg †Zj A‡b‡Ki Kv‡Q Lye wcÖq Ges wKQy †kŠwLb 6  A  Avg, avb, Mg, Rev
gvbyl evnvwi MvQ wn‡m‡e mvBKvm Dw™¢` †ivcY K‡i _v‡Kb| B  AvL, gy_vNvm, fzÆv

K. Mf©cv` cy®úx Kv‡K e‡j? 1 K. wjwgwUs d¨v±i Kv‡K e‡j? 1

L. av‡bi cy®ú gÄix ¯úvBK‡jU †Kb? 2 L. cÎiܪ eÜ Ges †Lvjvi †ÿ‡Î Av‡jvi f‚ wgKv Kx? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ evnvwi Dw™¢`wUi †¯úv‡ivdvBU e¨vL¨v M. DÏxc‡Ki 'B' Dw™¢‡`i †ÿ‡Î kK©iv ˆZwii †KŠkj
eY©bv Ki| 3
Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki A I B Dw™¢`¸‡jvi cvZvq AšÍM©VbMZ
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †Zj Drcv`bKvix Dw™¢`wUi cy®ú
ms‡KZ D‡jøLc~e©K Gi avivevwnK ˆewkó¨ we‡kølY cv_©K¨ we`¨gvb i‡q‡Q  we‡kølY Ki| 4
A
Ki| 4 7  (i) 6CO2 + 12H2O  C6H12O6 + 6CO2 + 6H2O
B
3  wg: iwng †cu‡ci wis¯úU I wg: Kwig av‡bi eøvBU †ivM wb‡q (ii) C2H12O6 + O2  6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy
Enzyme
M‡elYv K‡ib| K. cÎiܪxq Nwo Kx? 1
K. G·cøv‡R‡jkb Kx? 1 L. †Kvb †Kvlxq A½vYy‡K †Kv‡li ˆRweK kw³Ni e‡j
L. bvBwUªwd‡Kkb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 Ges †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 2q AYyRxewU Lv`¨ I Rwgi De©iZv M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 1g Ges 2q wewµqvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨
webó K‡i  e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 D‡jøL Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 1g †ivM m„wóKvix G‡R›U gvbe N. DÏxc‡Ki 1g wewµqv msNU‡bi †ÿ‡Î A I B Gi
Kj¨v‡Y Kx f‚wgKv iv‡L? we‡kølY Ki| 4 f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki| 4
4  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki 8  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki
5 M
M
N A
U CA
G C
3
C G
C G CA
U N
wPÎ-K wPÎ-L wPÎ-1 wPÎ-2
K. wRb Kv‡K e‡j? 1 K. †cÖv‡UvWvg© Kx? 1
L. †Kv‡li MjwR e¯‘‡K †Kb c¨v‡KwRs †K›`ª ejv nq? 2 L. cÖvBgvwi fvRK wUmy¨‡K Avg„Zz¨ wefvRbÿg wUmy¨ ejv
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ÔLÕ wP‡Îi MVb Ges KvR eY©bv nq †Kb? 2
Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ-1 Gi M Ges N wPwýZ AskØq †h
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ÔKÕ wPÎwU 'M' Ges 'N' Gi Dcw¯’wZ wUmy¨Z‡š¿i cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i Zvi †kÖwYweb¨vm eY©bv Ki| 3
I Abycw¯’wZi Dci Rx‡ei †Kvlxq cv_©K¨ i‡q‡Q  N. wPÎ-1 Ges wPÎ-2 m¤^wjZ Dw™¢`vs‡ki AšÍM©V‡b
we‡kølY Ki| 4 cv_©K¨ we`¨gvb  we‡kølY Ki| 4
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mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki M. DÏxcK MÖæc 'R' Gi AšÍf©y³ Dw™¢`mg~n Lv`¨ wbivcËvq
¸iæZ¡c~Y©  e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxcK MÖæc 'O' Ges 'R' Gi g‡a¨ †KvbwU AwaKZi
DbœZ? e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
5  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
K L
K. UªvÝwµckb Kx? 1 T
L. wbDwK¬IUvBW ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxcK 'K' Gi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki 'K' Ges 'L' Gi kvixie„Ëxq KvR ci¯úi
S
wbf©ikxj  we‡kølY Ki| 4 K. w÷wj Kx? 1
2  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki L. cvk¦x©q fvRK wUmy¨ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
2n M. DÏxcK 'T' Gi MVb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxcK 'S' †_‡K m„ó `yB ai‡bi ¯’vqx cwienb wUmy¨i
2n n n Zzjbvg~jK Ae¯’vb Dw™¢`‡`‡n wewfbœ  we‡kølY Ki| 4
m~h©v‡jvK
6  cÖwµqv C : Kve©b WvBA·vBW + cvwb  Møy‡KvR
†K¬v‡ivwdj
2n 2n n n n n
+ cvwb + Aw·‡Rb
M N
cÖwµqv D : Mø‡y KvR  cvBiæwfK GwmW 
K. wmb¨cwmm Kx? 1
B_vbj/j¨vKwUK GwmW
L. gy³ wbDwK¬qvi wefvRb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
K. mwµq cwi‡kvlY Kx? 1
M. DÏxcK 'M' Gi Z…Zxq `kvi mwPÎ eY©bv Ki| 3
L. Aw·‡WwUf dm‡dvivB‡jkb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
N. †hŠbRbbÿg Rx‡ei ˆ`wnK e„w× I eskai m„wó‡Z M. DÏxc‡Ki 'D' Gi cÖ_g av‡ci wewµqvmg~n QKvKv‡i †jL| 3
DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqv 'M' I 'N' ci¯úi wbf©ikxj  N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqv `ywUi g‡a¨ †KvbwU gvbe Rxe‡bi
we‡kølY Ki| 4 AwaKZi ¸iæZ¡c~Y©? e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
3  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki 7  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
MÖæc ˆewkó¨ MÖæc Dw™¢‡`i bvg
O AwZ AvYyexÿwYK, A‡Kvlxq A avb, KuvVvj
P AvYyexÿwYK, Avw`‡Kvlxq B Bÿz, gy_vNvm
K. e¨vK‡UwiIdvR Kx? 1 K. cÖ‡¯^`b Kx? 1
L. mvBR›U ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 L. TCA-Pµ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
M. DÏxcK 'O' Gi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡Ki MÖæc 'A' Gi Dw™¢`mg~‡ni Kve©b weRviY
N. wRb cÖ‡KŠkj I cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbvq DÏxc‡Ki 'P' Gi MwZc_ †iLvwP‡Î †`LvI| 3
eûwea e¨envi Av‡Q  e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡Ki †Kvb MÖæcwUi Drcv`b ÿgZv Zzjbvg~jK
4  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki †ewk? KviYmn e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
8  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
MÖæc cÖevnwPÎ
Y G·cøv›U  AYyPviv
Z wRb  rDNA  Uªv݇RwbK Rxe
K. B›Uvi‡dib Kx? 1
L. wR‡bvg wm‡Kv‡qwÝs ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
Q R
M. DÏxcK 'Y' Gi avcmg~n avivevwnKfv‡e †jL| 3
K. K¨vwiIcwmm Kx? 1
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqv `ywUi g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki Ges †KvbwUi
L. Òcy®ú UªvB‡givmÓ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
gva¨‡g wfbœ ˆewkó¨ m¤úbœ Rxe ˆZwi m¤¢e? e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
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†mU : 4 h‡kvi †evW© 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 8

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki K. †jvwWwKDj Kx? 1
A L. cy®ú ms‡KZ ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2
A=T
GC
G M. wPÎ 'M' †h Dw™¢‡`i Ask †mwUi g~‡ji we‡kl MV‡bi
U
KviY  e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
C
C
N. wP‡Îi 'N' I 'O' Dw™¢`‡Mv‡Îi ˆewk‡ó¨i Zzjbvg~jK
T=A U we‡kølY Ki| 4
GC
A
5  Dw™¢
` cvZvi 'A' bvgK wQ`ª Øviv cvwb ev®úvKv‡i wbM© Z K‡i
wPÎ : P wPÎ : Q Ges 'B' bvgK wUmy¨¸”Q Øviv Lv‡`¨i KuvPvgvj I ˆZwiK…Z
K. _vBjvK‡qW Kx? 1 Lv`¨ cwienb K‡i|
L. jvB‡mv‡Rvg‡K AvZ¥NvZx _wjKv ejv nq †Kb? 2 K. nvBWv‡_vW Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ-'P' Gi †fŠZ MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 L. GwcWvg©vj wUmy¨Zš¿ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
N. †cÖvwUb ms‡køl‡Y wPÎ-'Q' Gi f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki| 4 M. 'B' wUmy¨¸‡”Qi cÖKvi‡f` wPÎ Øviv †`LvI| 3
2  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki N. Dw™¢`‡`‡n 'A' Gi f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki| 4
6  GK ai‡bi Dw™¢‡` Kve©b weRvi‡Yi cÖ_g ¯’vqx c`v_©wU 3-
Kve©bwewkó n‡jI Av‡iK ai‡bi Dw™¢‡` Zv 4-Kve©bwewkó|
K. µ¨vÄ A¨vbvUwg Kx? 1
L. wjwgwUs d¨v±i ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
M. cÖ_‡gv³ Dw™¢‡`i Kve©b weRvi‡Yi c_wU †iLvwP‡Î
†`LvI| 3
wPÎ-A wPÎ-B
K. A¨vw›U‡KvWb Kx? 1 N. †k‡lv³ Dw™¢`P‡µi ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. UªvÝwµckb ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 7  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
M. wPÎ-'B' Gi cieZx© avcwU eY©bv Ki| 3 cÖwµqv-1
36 ATP
N. †Kvl wefvR‡b wPÎ-'A' Gi f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki| 4
cvBiæwfK GwmW
3  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki 2 ATP
AYyRxe ˆewkó¨ cÖwµqv-2
K Avw`‡Kvlx, gvby‡l K‡jiv †ivM m„wó K‡i| K. †KwgAm‡gvwmm Kx? 1
L A‡Kvlxq, e¨vK‡Uwiqv‡K AvµgY K‡i| L. ATP †K ˆRegy`ªv ejv nq †Kb? 2
K. wmM‡bU wis Kx? 1 M. cÖwµqv-1 †h A½vYy‡Z N‡U Zvi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
L. g¨v‡jwiqv ciRxexi RxebP‡µ `ywU †cvl‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb N. cÖwµqv-1 I cÖwµqv-2 Gi g‡a¨ Zzjbvg~jK we‡kølY Ki| 4
nq †Kb? 2 8  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki
M. AYyRxe 'L' Gi msL¨ve„w×i avcmg~n wP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ †`LvI| 3
N. wkí‡ÿ‡Î AYyRxe 'K' Gi f‚wgKv †jL| 4
4  wb‡Pi wPθ‡jv jÿ Ki

wPÎ-X wPÎ-Y
K. cøvRwgW Kx? 1
L. cÖPwjZ dmj †_‡K GM dmj DbœZ nq †Kb? 2
M. wPÎ-'X' Drcv`‡bi avc¸‡jv eY©bv Ki| 3
wPÎ : M wPÎ : N wPÎ : O N. K…wl‡Z wPÎ-'Y' G e¨en„Z cÖhyw³wUi f‚wgKv †jL| 4
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mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1  RxeweÁv‡bi wkÿK GKwU Av`k© Dw™¢`‡Kv‡li wPwýZ wPÎ K. K¨vw¤^qvg Kx? 1
AuvK‡jb, hvi evB‡ii 'M' AveiYxwU wbRx©e wKš‘ wfZ‡ii 'N' L. mgwØcvk¦xq© fv¯‹zjvi evÛj ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
AveiYxwU mRxe| M. wPÎ 'P' Gi †kÖwYweb¨vm †iLvwP‡Î †`LvI| 3
K. A‡UvjvBwmm Kx? 1 N. wP‡Îi X I Y Gi g‡a¨ Zzjbvg~jK we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. ivB‡ev‡Rvg‡K †cÖvwUb d¨v±wi ejv nq †Kb? 2 6  Dw™¢‡`i cvZvq Aew¯’Z GKwU i‡Üªi gva¨‡g cvwb ZijvKv‡i
M. DÏxc‡Ki 'M' AveiYwUi †fŠZ MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 wbM©Z n‡jI Ab¨ Av‡iKwU i‡Üªi gva¨‡g cvwb ev®úvKv‡i
N. DÏxc‡Ki 'N' AveiYwUi ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4 wbM©Z nq Ges iܪwUi †Lvjv I eÜ nIqv iÿx‡Kvl Øviv
2  †Kvl eskMwZwe` W. bvmwib wcuqv‡Ri g~j I civMavbxi wbqwš¿Z|
¯øvBW ch©‡eÿY K‡i †`L‡jb, g~‡ji ¯øvB‡W cÖvß †Kv‡li K. †cwimvBKj Kx? 1
†µv‡gv‡Rvg msL¨v civMavbxi †Kv‡li †µv‡gv‡Rv‡gi L. Aw·‡WwUf dm‡dvivB‡jkb ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
msL¨vi wظY| M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_‡gv³ iܪwUi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
K. cÖvšÍxqKiY Kx? 1 N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ evK¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. gvB‡Uvwmm †Kvl wefvR‡b †µv‡gv‡Rvg msL¨v mgvb 7  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki
_v‡K †Kb? 2 Avqb
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g ¯øvB‡W ch©‡ewÿZ wefvRbwUi ˆewkó¨ Avqb
evwni evwni evnK
eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki wØZxq ¯øvB‡W ch©‡ewÿZ wefvRbwUi ¸iæZ¡
we‡kølY Ki| 4
3  wjgv I mxgv Df‡qB R¡‡i AvµvšÍ| Zviv Wv³v‡ii kiYvcbœ wfZi wfZi ATP LiP
n‡j, Wv³vi i³ cixÿv K‡i †`L‡jb †h, wjgvi i‡³i
AYyPwµKv A‡bK K‡g †M‡Q Ges mxgvi i‡³
jvB‡mv‡jwmw_b Ges wn‡gvjvBwmb we`¨gvb| cÖwµqv-1 cÖwµqv-2
K. BgvwR©s fvBivm Kx? 1 K. Kranz anatomy Kx? 1
L. E.coli †K Avw`‡Kvlx Rxe ejv nq †Kb? 2 L. wjwgwUs d¨v±i ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
M. wjgvi R¡‡ii jÿY¸‡jv eY©bv Ki| 3 M. cÖwµqv-2 Gi AvaywbK aviYvi gZev`wU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. mxgvi R¡‡ii KviY we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. cÖwµqv-1 Ges cÖwµqv-2 Gi mv`„k¨ I ˆemv`„k¨
4  bgybv-A : cys †iYycÎ GKwÎZ n‡q †gvPvK…wZi cys ÷ªwejvm we‡kølY Ki| 4
MVb K‡i| 8  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki
bgybv-B : wjwMDjwewkó cvZv Ges cy®úweb¨vm ¯úvBK‡jU|
K. cy®ú ms‡KZ Kv‡K e‡j? 1
L. †Xuom‡K †Kb gvj‡fwm †Mv‡Îi AšÍf³ ©y Kiv nq? 2
M. bgybv-A Dw™¢‡`i MVb ˆewkó¨ eY©bv Ki| 3
N. gvbeRxe‡b bgybv B Dw™¢‡`i f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki| 4 cÖwµqv-A cÖwµqv-B
5  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki K. wR‡bvg Kx? 1
X L. wUmy¨ KvjPv‡i Drcbœ Pviv †ivMgy³ nq †Kb? 2
M. DÏxcK 'B' Gi cÖwµqvwU wP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ Dc¯’vcb
Y Ki| 3
N. Dw™¢` cÖRb‡b DÏxc‡Ki 'A' cÖhyw³i ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY
wPÎ : P wPÎ : Q Ki| 4
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mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1  KPz, U‡g‡Uv BZ¨vw` wKQy Dw™¢‡` cvZvi wKbvivq GK ai‡bi 5  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki :
iܪ _v‡K hv w`‡q Dw™¢`‡`n n‡Z cvwb ZijvKv‡i wbM©Z nq|
A
Avg, Rvg BZ¨vw` Dw™¢‡`i cÎc„‡ô GK ai‡bi iܪ _v‡K hv
w`‡q Dw™¢`‡`n n‡Z cvwb ev®úvKv‡i wbM©Z nq|
K. fvRK wUmy¨ Kv‡K e‡j? 1 B
L. g¾viwk¥ ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 K. e¨vK‡UwiIdvh Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z 1g cÖKvi i‡Üªi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 L. fvBivm‡K Rxe I R‡oi †hvMm~Î ejv nq †Kb? 2
N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z 2q cÖKvi i‡Üªi †Lvjv I eÜ nIqv‡Z M. DÏxcK 'A' Gi msL¨v e„w×i †KŠkj eY©bv Ki| 3
†KŠkj msµvšÍ AvaywbK gZev` K+ Gi f‚wgKv N. K…wl I wkí †ÿ‡Î DÏxcK 'B' Øviv wb‡`©wkZ AYyRx‡ei
we‡kølY Ki| 4 ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
2  wb‡Pi wPθ‡jv jÿ Ki : 6  ˆRe cÖhyw³ 'A'  G·cøv›U  AmsL¨ AYyPviv
ˆRe cÖhyw³ 'B'  cøvRwgW + Kvw•ÿZ wRb  Recombinat DNA
K. wR‡bvg Kx? 1
L. †iw÷ªKkvb GbRvBg ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡K wb‡`©wkZ 'B' cÖwµqvi avcmg~n wP‡Îi
mvnv‡h¨ †`LvI| 3
N. evsjv‡`‡ki †cÖwÿ‡Z DÏxc‡K ewY©Z 'A' cÖwµqvi
wPÎ-C wPÎ-D wPÎ-E ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
K. Agiv Kx? 1 7  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki :
L. mvBKvm Dw™¢‡` dj nq bv †Kb? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. DÏxcK wPÎ-C Gi cÖwZwbwaZ¡Kvix Dw™¢‡`i we‡kl X

ai‡bi g~‡ji MVb eY©bv Ki| 3

Y
N. DÏxcK wPÎ-D I E Øviv wb‡`©wkZ †Mv‡Îi Zzjbv Ki| 4
3  M  †Kvlxq A½vYy hv †cÖvwUb ms‡køl‡Yi KviLvbv bv‡g wPÎ-1 wPÎ-2
cwiwPZ| K. Kvm‡cwiqvb w÷ªc Kx? 1
N  AvZ¥NvZx A_P cÖ‡qvRbxq A½vYy| L. Z¡Kxq Dce„w× ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
K. cøvR‡gv‡WmgvUv Kx? 1 M. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ-2 G cÖ`wk©Z X I Y Gi msL¨v 6 Gi
L. DNA-Gi Aa© msiÿY Abywjcb ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 AwaK Ggb Dw™¢`vs‡ki AšÍtMV‡bi wPwýZ wPÎ AuvK| 3
M. DÏxc‡K 'M' Øviv wb‡`©wkZ A½vYyi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 N. X I Y Gi Ae¯’v‡bi wfwˇZ DÏxcK wPÎ-1 Øviv
N. DÏxc‡K 'N' Gi gšÍe¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 wb‡`©wkZ wUmy¨ wewfbœ ai‡bi n‡q _v‡K we‡kølY Ki| 4
4  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki : 8  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki :
†Kvl wefvR
Rbb †Kvl (n) cÖwµqv I
CO + H O + kw³
2 2
†Kvl wefvRb-'A' ˆRe ivmvqwbK wewµqv 'P'  C6H12O6
RvB‡MvU (2n)  cwiYZ Rxe (2n) A¨vj‡Kvnj + CO2 + kw³
Rbb †Kvl (n) cÖwµqv II
†Kvl wefvRb-'B'
Av‡jv
Rbb †Kvl (n) ˆRe ivmvqwbK wewµqv 'Q'  CO2 + H2O  C6H12O6
†K¬v‡ivwdj
K. †gUvKvB‡bwmm Kx? 1 K. kw³gy`ªv Kx? 1
L. †R‡bwUK †KvW ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 L. Aw·‡WwUf dm‡dvivB‡jkvb ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡K A Øviv wb‡`©wkZ †Kvl wefvRb cÖwµqvi PZz_© M. DÏxc‡K wb‡`©wkZ cÖwµqv I I cÖwµqv II Gi Awfbœ
avcwU eY©bv Ki| 3 av‡ci cÖ_g PviwU wewµqv cÖevnwP‡Î †`LvI| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki †Kvl wefvRb-A I †Kvl wefvRb-B Gi N. DÏxc‡K wb‡`©wkZ ˆRweK cÖwµqv 'P' Ges ˆRweK
g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki| 4 cÖwµqv 'Q' Gi g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki| 4
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†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1  Dw™¢`‡Kv‡li g‡a¨ we`¨gvb wewfbœ As‡ki g‡a¨ GKwU‡K 
5  'X' dz‡ji cy®ú ms‡KZ :  O De„5 e„(5) `5 cys()M(5)
Ô†Kv‡li gw¯Í®‹Õ Ges Ab¨wU‡K Ô†Kv‡li ivbœvNiÕ ejv nq|
'Y' dz‡ji cy®ú ms‡KZ : gc. Dgc. O cy2 cys3+3M1
K. wbDwK¬ImvBW Kx? 1
K. †mvivm Kx? 1
L. mgvwß †KvW ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
L. †Kvivj‡qW g~j ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡K cÖ_‡g DwjøwLZ AskwUi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡Ki 'X' dz‡ji cy®ú cÖZxK A¼b Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K †k‡l DwjøwLZ AskwU cÖvwYRM‡Zi Aw¯ÍZ¡
N. 'Y' dzjwU †h †Mv‡Îi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i Zvi A_©‰bwZK
wUwK‡q ivL‡Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i we‡kølY
¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
Ki| 4
6  e¨envwiK K¬v‡k ch©‡ewÿZ `ywU bgybvi ˆewkó¨ wbæiƒc :
P Q
2  DNA  mRNA  †cÖvwUb bgybv P fv¯‹zjvi evÛj Aixq Ges Qq Gi AwaK|
K. wjD‡Kvcøv÷ Kx? 1 bgybv Q fv¯‹zjvi evÛj mshy³ Ges wewÿßfv‡e Qov‡bv|
L. jvB‡mv‡mvg‡K AvZ¥NvZx _wjKv ejvi KviY e¨vL¨v K. fvRK wUmy¨ Kv‡K e‡j? 1
Ki| 2 L. †Kw›`ªK fv¯‹zjvi evÛj ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki 'P' cÖwµqvwU eY©bv Ki| 3 M. bgybv P Øviv wb‡`©wkZ Dw™¢`vs‡ki AšÍM©V‡bi wPwýZ
N. DÏxc‡Ki P I Q cÖwµqv `ywUi gv‡S wfbœZv we‡kølY wPÎ A¼b Ki| 3
Ki| 4 N. bgybv P I Q Øviv wb‡`©wkZ Dw™¢`vs‡ki AšÍM©V‡bi
3  cÖK…Z‡Kvlx Rx‡e ˆ`wnK e„w× GK ai‡bi †Kvl wefvR‡bi cv_©K¨mg~n †jL| 4
gva¨‡g N‡U| Avevi Ab¨ GK ai‡bi †Kvl wefvR‡bi 7  cÖwµqv-I : C6H12O6 + O2  CO2 + H2O + kw³
gva¨‡g Rbb †Kvl m„wó nq| Av‡jv C H O + O + H O.
cÖwµqv-II : CO2 + H2O 
K. K¨vwiIKvB‡bwmm Kx? 1 †K¬v‡ivwdj 6 12 6 2 2
L. Awbqwš¿Z gvB‡Uvwmm ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 K. ATP Gi c~Y© bvg †jL| 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g ai‡bi †Kvl wefvR‡bi PZz_© `kvwU L. AvL‡K †Kb C4 Dw™¢` ejv nq? 2
wPÎmn eY©bv Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖwµqv-I Gi cÖ_g av‡ci cÖ_g
N. DÏxc‡Ki wØZxq ai‡bi †Kvl wefvRb Zvrch© we‡kølY PviwU wewµqv cÖevnwP‡Îi gva¨‡g †`LvI| 3
Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖwµqv `ywUi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ †jL| 4
4  P I Q `yÕai‡bi AYyRxe| P †Z †Kv‡bv A½vYy †bB, Q †Z 8  Wvqv‡ewU‡mi wPwKrmvq ˆRe cÖhyw³ e¨envi K‡i Drcvw`Z
ïay ivB‡ev‡mvg bvgK A½vYy we`¨gvb| GK ai‡bi ni‡gvb e¨envi Kiv nq| K…wl‡ÿ‡ÎI G ai‡bi
K. K¨vc‡mvwgqvi Kx? 1 cÖhyw³i Ae`vb Acwimxg|
L. jvBwUK Pµ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 K. cøvRwgW Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡K Q Øviv wb‡`©wkZ AYyRx‡ei GKwU MV‡bi L. †Kjvm ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
wPwýZ wPÎ A¼b Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡K ni‡gvb ˆZwii cÖwµqvwU wPwýZ wP‡Îi
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ P AYyRxewU RxeKz‡ji Rb¨ gva¨‡g †`LvI| 3

ûgwK¯^iƒc we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡Ki me©‡kl evK¨wUi Zvrch© we‡kølY Ki| 4

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†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1  'X' AYyRx‡e DNA A_ev RNA I †cÖvwUb we`¨gvb| 'Y' 5  Dw™¢‡`i e„wׇZ GK ai‡bi wUmy¨ f‚wgKv iv‡L| Gme wUmy¨
AYyRx‡e DNA I RNA DfqB we`¨gvb Ges wØ-fvRb †_‡K m„ó GK ai‡bi wUmy¨Zš¿ Dw™¢‡` cvwb, Lv`¨ I LwbR
cÖwµqvq msL¨v e„w× K‡i| jeY cwienb K‡i|
K. †g‡mv‡Rvg Kx? 1 K. w÷wj Kv‡K e‡j? 1
L. mvB‡RvMwb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 L. GÛvK© ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki 'X' AYyRx‡ei msL¨v e„w×i cÖwµqv wPÎmn M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z wUmy¨i Ae¯’vb Abymv‡i wPÎmn
†jL| 3 †kÖwYweb¨vm Ki| 3
N. wPwKrmv I K…wl‡ÿ‡Î DÏxc‡Ki 'Y' AYyRx‡ei ¸iæZ¡ N. DÏxc‡Ki wUmy¨Zš¿ MVbKvix wUmy¨mg~‡ni web¨vm wewfbœ
we‡kølY Ki| 4
Dw™¢‡` GKB wK? hyw³ `vI| 4
2  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki :
6  M cÖwµqv = wecvKxq kw³i mnvqZvq Dw™¢` gvwU¯’ `ªeY
X n‡Z Avqb †kvlY K‡i|
N cÖwµqv = Dw™¢`‡`n n‡Z AwZwi³ cvwb ev®úvKv‡i wbM©Z
nq|
K. d‡Uvwm‡÷g Kx? 1
Fig : P Fig : Q L. Aw·‡WwUf dm‡dvivB‡jkb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
K. cøvw÷W Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡K 'M' cÖwµqvi AvaywbK gZev` e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. gvB‡Uvwmm-†K mgxKiwYK wefvRb ejv nq †Kb? 2
N. cwi‡e‡ki ZvcgvÎv I M¨vmxq fvimvg¨ iÿvq
M. DÏxc‡K 'X' Gi Ae¯’vb Abymv‡i wPÎ 'P' Gi
DÏxc‡Ki 'N' cÖwµqvi ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
cÖKvi‡f` †jL| 3
7  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki :
N. †Kvl wefvR‡b DÏxc‡Ki 'Q' Gi f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki| 4
'X'
3  gvaex RxeweÁvb e¨envwiK K¬v‡m `ywU wfbœ †Mv‡Îi Dw™¢‡`i
dzj ch©‡eÿY Kij| cÖ_g dz‡j Dce„wË eZ©gvb Ges
5 3
cys‡Kki `jjMœ| wØZxq dz‡j Mf©gyÐ cvj‡Ki b¨vq Ges U A U GC U
U A
civMavbx me©gyL| A G C U

K. Agivweb¨vm Kx? 1 'Y'

L. †Kvivj‡qW g~j ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 P A

M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g Dw™¢‡`i dz‡ji cy®ú cÖZxK AuvK| 3

N. DÏxc‡Ki †MvÎ `ywUi g‡a¨ †Kvb †Mv‡Îi Dw™¢`¸‡jv Fig-Z
evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ‡Z AwaK ¸iæZ¡c~Y©? †Zvgvi K. wbDwK¬ImvBW Kx? 1
gZvgZ `vI| 4 L. †KvWb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
4  wb‡Pi wPÎ wZbwU jÿ Ki : M. DÏxc‡Ki A½vYy 'Z' Gi MVb †jL| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvq 'X' I 'Y' Gi f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki| 4
8  eZ©gv‡b GKwU we‡kl ˆRe cÖhyw³i mvnv‡h¨ DNA AYyi
ÿviK Abyµg wbY©q Kiv hvq Ges Aci GKwU ˆRe cÖhyw³i
mvnv‡h¨ Kvw•ÿZ ˆewkó¨hy³ Rxe m„wó Kiv hvq|
I J K
K. †gUvKvB‡bwmm Kx? 1 K. G·cøv›U Kx? 1
L. B›Uvi‡dR ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 L. Avev` gva¨g ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki 'K' Dc`kvwU wPÎmn eY©bv Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡Ki wØZxq cÖhyw³i avc mwPÎ eY©bv Ki| 3
N. Rxe‰ewPΨ m„wó‡Z DÏxc‡Ki †Kvl wefvR‡bi ¸iæZ¡ N. DÏxc‡K cÖwµqv `ywUi †ÿ‡Î Rx‡ei ¯^v¯’¨ wbivcËv
we‡kølY Ki| 4 SuywK we‡kølY Ki| 4
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[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1  Dw™¢` †Kv‡li evB‡ii w`‡K `yB ai‡bi AveiY †`Lv hvq| 5  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki :
GKwU Ro Ges Ab¨wU mRxe|
K. mvB‡Uv‡mvj Kx? 1
L. jvB‡mv‡mvg‡K AvZ¥NvZx _wjKv ejv nq †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki 2q wSwjøi me‡P‡q MÖnYxq g‡WjwU eY©bv
Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki wSwjø `ywUi g‡a¨ Zzjbvg~jK we‡kølY Ki| 4
bgybv 'A' bgybv 'B'
2  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki :
M
K. cvwb _wj Kx? 1
3 5 AU G C GG
TA C G CC 5 3 L. K¨vm‡cwiqvb wdZv ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
AT G C GG M. KvR I wefvR‡bi Dci wfwË K‡i bgybv 'A' Gi
5 3 †kÖwYweb¨vm Ki| 3
N
N. bgybv 'B' Gi mv‡_ Kzgov Kv‡Ði fv¯‹zjvi evÛj Gi
3 3
T A 5 5 A T cv_©K¨ we‡kølY Ki| 4
A T T A
C G G C 6  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki :
G C C G
C G G C
cÖwµqv-1
5 C G 3 3 G C 5 Pyruvic Acid  B  C  D
C6H12O6
K. A‡cib Kx? 1 Pyruvic Acid  C2H5OH
L. wbDwK¬IUvBW ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 cÖwµqv-2
M. DÏxc‡Ki 'M' cÖwµqv eY©bv Ki| 3 K. wjwgwUs d¨v±i Kx? 1
N. DÏxc‡Ki 'N' cÖwµqvq GbRvBg Kxfv‡e RwoZ? L. fzÆv †Kb C4 Dw™¢`? 2
e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 M. DÏxc‡Ki C avc †iLvwP‡Îi gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcb Ki| 3
3  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki :
N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki `ywU cÖwµqvq Drcbœ kw³i cwigvY wfbœ|Ó
 we‡kølY Ki| 4
7  Bÿz Dw™¢` Kve©b weRviY cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g kw³ ˆZwii cÖavb
KuvPvgvj Drcv`b K‡i| D³ KuvPvgvj Ab¨ GKwU
kvixiZvwË¡K cÖwµqvq Avevi ˆRe gy`ªvq cwiYZ nq|
'M' 'N' K. RQ Kx? 1
K. †cÖvdvh Kx? 1 L. mevZ k¦m‡bi †klav‡c Aw·‡Rb cÖ‡qvRb †Kb? 2
L. wis ¯úU †cu‡c Mv‡Qi Rb¨ ÿwZKi †Kb? 2 M. DÏxc‡Ki KuvPvgvj ˆZwii cÖwµqv eY©bv Ki| 3
M. 'N' AYyRx‡ei cÖRb‡bi cÖavb c×wZ eY©bv Ki| 3 N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqv `ywUi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. Ò'M' Pµ gvbe‡`‡ni Rb¨ ÿwZKiÓ  e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 8  A = Explant     plantlets
4  evsjv‡`‡ki GK ai‡bi Dw™¢`, hvi †Kvivj‡qW g~j Av‡Q B = Torula, Pseudomonas I Nocardia
Ges cvgdvb© bv‡g cwiwPZ| Ab¨ Av‡iKwU Dw™¢` hvi
K. B›Uvi‡dib Kx? 1
civMavbx GK cÖ‡Kv‡ôx I e„°vKvi|
L. Acivax kbv³Ki‡Y wR‡bvg wm‡Kv‡qwÝs e¨envi Kiv
K. jwWwKDj Kx? 1
nq †Kb? 2
L. cy®ú cÖZxK ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g Dw™¢`wUi cysRbbv‡½i MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡K 'A' cÖwµqvwU wPÎmn eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Dw™¢`‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ Zzjbvg~jK N. Òcwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbvq 'B' AYyRxe¸‡jvi f‚wgKv
we‡kølY Ki| 4 Abb¨|Ó  we‡kølY Ki| 4
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†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1  †Kvlxq A½vYy¸‡jvi g‡a¨ ÔUªvwdK cywjkÕ I †Kv‡li ÔivbœvNiÕ 6  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki :
wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ `ywU A½vYy i‡q‡Q| wØZxq A½vYywU ïay meyR
Dw™¢` †Kv‡l we`¨gvb _vK‡jI cÖvwYKz‡ji Rxebavi‡Yi Rb¨
Acwinvh©|
K. MÖvbvg Kx? 1
L. jvB‡mv‡Rvg‡K ÔAvZ¥NvZx _wjKvÕ ejv nq e¨vL¨v Mf©vkq
Ki| 2
M. DÏxc‡K cÖ_‡g †h A½vYywU‡K wb‡`©k Kiv n‡q‡Q Zvi
MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 wPÎ : M wPÎ : N
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡li evK¨wUi h_v_©Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4 K. Ave„ZexRx Dw™¢‡`i msÁv `vI| 1
'M' cÖwµqv 'N' cÖwµqv L. Cycas-†K RxešÍ Rxevk¥ ejv nq †Kb? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
2  DNA  'Q' AYy  †cÖvwUb|
K. †gUv‡mw›UªK †µv‡gv‡Rvg Kx? 1 M. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ-'M' †h Dw™¢`‡Mvôxi cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i
L. †R‡bwUK †KvW ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 Zvi ˆewkó¨ †jL| 3
M. 'Q' Øviv wb‡`©wkZ AYyi ivmvqwbK MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 N. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ-'N' Øviv wb‡`©wkZ †Mv‡Îi Dw™¢`mg~n
N. DÏxc‡K wb‡`©wkZ 'M' I 'N' cÖwµqvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨
we‡k¦i Lv`¨ Pvwn`v †gUv‡Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv iv‡L
†`LvI| 4
we‡kølY Ki| 4
3  †Kvl wefvRb cÖwµqv 'P' : AcZ¨ †Kv‡l †µv‡gv‡Rvg msL¨v
I ¸Yv¸Y AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K| 7  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki :
†Kvl wefvRb cÖwµqv 'Q' : AcZ¨ †Kv‡l †µv‡gv‡Rvg msL¨v
I ¸Yv¸‡Y cwieZ©b N‡U|
K. K¨vwiIKvB‡bwmm Kx? 1
L. †KvlPµ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡K 'P' Øviv wb‡`©wkZ cÖwµqvi †ÿ‡Î wbDwK¬qvm
wefvR‡bi †kl avcwU wPÎmn eY©bv Ki| 3
N. 'Q' Øviv wb‡`©wkZ †Kvl wefvRb cÖwµqvi ¸iæZ¡ ˆRe cÖhyw³-A ˆRe cÖhyw³-B
we‡kølY Ki| 4 K. Uªv݇RwbK cøv›U Kx? 1
4  GKB cwiev‡ii `yB fvB Amy¯’| eo fvB‡qi A‡bK R¡i Ges L. K¨vjvm ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
i‡³ †cøwU‡jU fxlY n«vm †c‡q‡Q| †QvU fvB µgvMZ ewg M. DÏxc‡K wb‡`©wkZ ˆRe cÖhyw³-'B' Gi avcmg~n
Ki‡Q Ges Pvj †avqv cvwbi g‡Zv gj Z¨vM Ki‡Q| avivevwnKfv‡e †jL| 3
K. av‡bi eøvBU †iv‡Mi RxevYyi ˆeÁvwbK bvg †jL| 1 N. K…wl‡ÿ‡Î DÏxc‡K wb‡`©wkZ ˆRe cÖhyw³-"A' Gi
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DNA Gi cwieZ©b NwU‡q cZ½‡ivax Dw™¢` Drcbœ K‡ib|
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L. Rxb †K¬vwbs ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
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N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g Dw™¢` †MvÎwU Lv`¨ wbivcËvq ¸iæZ¡c~Y© N. cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbvq W. Avkivd Gi c×wZi ¸iæZ¡
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1  wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI 5  RxeweÁvb e¨envwiK K¬v‡m wkÿK GKwU Dw™¢‡`i `ywU As‡ki
AšÍM©V‡bi bgybv ¯øvBW ˆZwi K‡i AYyexÿY h‡š¿ wkÿv_©x‡`i
†`Lv‡jb| wkÿv_©xiv GKwU ¯øvB‡Wi bgybvq Dw™¢‡`i wbw`©ó
A‡½i ewntZ¡‡K GK‡Kvlx †jvg †`L‡Z cvb| Aci
A B bgybvwU‡Z Zviv †Kv‡bv †jvg †`L‡Z †cjbv wKš‘ wKDwUKj
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L. ivB‡ev‡mvg‡K †cÖvwUb ˆZwii KviLvbv ejv nq †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡K ÔAÕ Ges ÔBÕ Gi MVbwU †h AYy¸‡jv aviY K‡i K. ev÷ dvBevi Kx? 1
Zv‡`i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ †`LvI| 3 L. GwcWvg© v j wUmy ¨Zš¿ ej‡Z Kx ey S ? 2
N. DÏxc‡Ki MVb `ywUi g‡a¨ GKwU MVb Rx‡e eû msL¨vq M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖ_g bgybvwUi AšÍM©Vb Gi wPwýZ wPÎ
Dcw¯’Z †_‡K cu¨vPv‡bv m~Î MVb K‡i we‡kølY Ki| 4 AuvK| 3
2  †Kvl wefvR‡bi †Kv‡bv GK `kvq cÖwZwU †µv‡gv‡mvg N. ÔDÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ bgybv `ywUi fv¯‹zjvi evÛj c„_KÕ 
AvKl©Y Zš‘i mv‡_ hy³ n‡q †µv‡gv‡mvgxq b„Z¨ cÖ`k©b we‡kølY Ki| 4
K‡i| Avevi Avi GK ai‡bi †Kvl wefvR‡bi mgq cÖwZ
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N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †h wØZxq ai‡bi †Kvl wefvR‡bi K_v M. DÏxc‡Ki dzj `ywUi †kÖwYi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ †jL| 3
ejv n‡q‡Q Zv Rxe‡`‡ni ˆewPΨZv Avbq‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y© N. DÏxc‡Ki Mf©vkqhy³ dzjwU †h †Mv‡Îi Zvi mv‡_ GKwU
f‚wgKv iv‡L we‡kølY Ki| 4 GKexRcÎx †Mv‡Îi Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4
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D
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K. LwbR cywó Kx? 1
P Q R L. C3 Ges C4 Dw™¢` ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
K. ¯úøvBwms Kx? 1
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cÖhyw³ e¨envi K‡i weUv K¨v‡ivwUb wRb cÖwZ¯’vcb Ki‡Z
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L. e¨vK‡Uwiqv Avw`‡Kvlx †Kb? 2 Pviv Drcv`b Ki‡Z mÿg n‡qwQ‡jb Zvi avcmg~n eY©bv
M. bgybv ÔAÕ Rxe Ges R‡oi †mZzeÜb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 Ki| 3
N. bgybv ÔAÕ Gi DËg †cvlK bgybv ÔBÕ Dw³wU we‡kølY N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wg. ÔYÕ Gi cÖhyw³ K…wl‡ÿ‡Î GK
Ki| 4 wecøe m„wó K‡i‡Q we‡kølY Ki| 4
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1  ZvRix I Zvmwdqv `yR‡bB wfbœ wfbœ RxevYy Øviv R¡‡i 5  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki :
AvµvšÍ| ZvRixi AYyRxewU A‡Kvlxq Ges AYyPwµKv‡K
aŸsm Ki‡jI Zvmwdqvi AYyRxewU †Kvlxq Ges †jvwnZ
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K. †g‡ivRvB‡MvU Kx? 1
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L. myßve¯’v ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
K. RxešÍ Rxevk¥ Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki Zvmwdqvi AYyRxewU †jvwnZ KwYKvq
L. ¯úvBK‡jU RvZxq cy®úweb¨vm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
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M. wPÎ A enbKvix Dw™¢‡`i g~‡ji MVb wPÎmn eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki ZvRixi R¡‡ii cÖwZKvi I cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Dcvq
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K. w÷wj Kx? 1
N. Dc‡iv³ P I Q cÖwµqvi g‡a¨ ˆemv`„k¨ we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. G‡Ûvwmgev‡qv›U ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
3  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki :
M. Dc‡iv³ 'A' Gi AšÍf³ ©y †h AskwU M¨vmxq wewbg‡q
A f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i wPÎmn Zvi †kÖwYweb¨vm eY©bv Ki| 3
B
N. Dc‡iv³ 'B' (evÛj) †h we‡kl ai‡bi wUmy¨ w`‡q MwVZ
nq Zvi Zzjbv Ki| 4
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wPÎ : P wPÎ : Q GKwU ni‡gv‡bi K_v ej‡jb hvnv we‡kl GK ai‡bi
K. µwms Ifvi Kx? 1 cÖhyw³i gva¨‡g ˆZwi Kiv n‡q _v‡K| Aek¨ cÖhyw³wUi
L. †R‡bwUK †KvW ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbvq ¸iæZ¡I Acwimxg|
M. Dc‡iv³ P wP‡Îi A As‡k msNwUZ †Kvl wefvR‡bi K. wR‡bvg wm‡Kv‡qÝ Kx? 1
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N. Dc‡iv³ Q wP‡Îi B As‡k msNwUZ †Kvl wefvR‡bi
cÖwµqv eY©bv Ki| 3
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N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡li Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4
4  Kwig wgqv Zvi Rwg‡Z Kjv Pv‡li cvkvcvwk fzÆviI Pvl
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Ki‡jb hw`I Dw™¢` `ywU‡Z Kve©b weRvi‡Yi MwZc_ wfbœ|
av‡c av‡c m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c RvwiZ n‡q CO2, H2O I ATP ˆZwi
K. †cÖvUb cv¤ú Kx? 1
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L. wjwgwUs d¨v±i ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
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M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 1g Dw™¢‡` msNwUZ Kve©b weRvi‡Yi
L. d‡Uvdm‡dvivB‡jkb ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
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M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwUi me©‡kl avcwUi eY©bv `vI| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki Dw™¢` `ywU GKexRcÎx n‡jI Kve©b weRvi‡Yi
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1  P A½vYy : †cÖvwUb ˆZwii KviLvbv| K. †mvivm Kx? 1
Q A½vYy : AvZ¥NvZx _wjKv| L. RxešÍ Rxevk¥ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
K. †Kvl Kx? 1 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wPÎ P †h Dw™¢‡`i cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i Zvi
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Ki| 4
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m¤úbœ nq|
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L. Uªv݇jkb cÖwµqv ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
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N. DÏxc‡K wb‡`©wkZ ÔRÕ Gi ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
3  Dcch©vq ÔXÕ : †nv‡gv‡jvMvm †µv‡gv‡mvg †Rvov m„wó K‡i| M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ÔXÕ cÖwµqvwU wP‡Îi gva¨‡g †`LvI| 3
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K. mvB‡UvKvB‡bwmm Kx? 1 AZ¨šÍ ¸iæZ¡c~Y
© we‡kølY Ki| 4
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M. DÏxc‡K wb‡`©wkZ ÔXÕ Gi wPwýZ wPÎ A¼b Ki| 3 fv¯‹zjvi wUmy¨Zš¿
N. DÏxc‡K wb‡`©wkZ ÔYÕ G msNwUZ cÖwµqvwU RxeRM‡Z
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Ae¯’v K‡i| e¨vmv‡a© Ae¯’vb K‡i| K‡i _v‡K|
mg¯Í kix‡i we‡kl K‡i †giæ`‡Ð Ges †Kvg‡i Zxeª e¨_v
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1  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki : 5  wb‡Pi QKwU jÿ Ki :
CO2 weRvi‡Yi ˆRe †hŠM O2 Gi
gva¨‡g Drcbœ 1g Dcw¯’wZ ev
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K. †µv‡gv‡mvg Kx? 1 GwmW Drcbœ nq
L. mgxKiY wefvRb ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 kvixie„Ëxq cÖwµqv P kvixie„Ëxq cÖwKqv R
M. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ P-†Z cÖ`wk©Z avcwUi ˆewkó¨ wjL| 3 K. mwµq †kvlY Kx? 1
N. DÏxc‡K cÖ`wk©Z wPÎ 'Q' †h †Kvl wefvR‡bi avc Zvi
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L. ivB‡ev‡mvg‡K †cÖvwUb ˆZwii KviLvbv ejv nq †Kb 6  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki :
e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
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Ki| 3
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'Q' Kuvcywbmn R¡i gkKx AvYyexÿwYK mv‡_ S A‡½i Zzjbv Ki| 4
AYyRxe 7  AwK©‡Wi kxl©¯’ fvRK wUmy¨ †_‡K we‡kl cÖhyw³‡Z Pviv
K. cøvRwgW Kx? 1
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L. RxevYyi myßve¯’v ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
M. DÏxcK P-†Z wb‡`©wkZ †ivM cÖwZ‡iv‡ai Dcvq eY©bv cÖhyw³i gva¨‡g Zzjvi cZ½‡ivax RvZ m„wó Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Ki| 3 K. †UvwUc‡UwÝ Kx? 1
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M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 1g c×wZi myweavmg~n eY©bv Ki| 3
4  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki :
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wØZxq cÖhyw³i wPwKrmv †ÿ‡Î ¸iæZ¡
we‡kølY Ki| 4
8  GKwU wbR©xe, `„p, †f`¨ AveiY Dw™¢` †Kv‡l _v‡K| GKwU
mRxe, w¯’wZ¯’vcK ˆelg¨‡f`¨ AveiY mKj Rxe †Kv‡l
_v‡K|
wPÎ : M wPÎ : N
K. wµw÷ Kx? 1
K. †mvivm Kx? 1
L. Amg‡iYycÖm~Zv ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 L. †K¬v‡ivcøv÷‡K Ô†Kv‡li ivbœvNiÕ ejv nq †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ 'M' Øviv cÖwZwbwaZ¡Kvix Dw™¢‡`i we‡kl M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z 1g AveiYwUi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
g~j m„wói KviY eY©bv Ki| 3 N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z 2q Avei‡Yi me©vwaK MÖnY‡hvM¨ g‡W‡ji
N. DÏxc‡K wb‡`©wkZ M I N Gi g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki| 4 bvgKi‡Yi h_v_©Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4
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[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h‡Kv‡bv wZbwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1  mKj RxweZ †Kv‡l ÔAÕ MVbwU cvIqv hvq Ges GwU K. nvBWv‡_vW Kx? 1
†µv‡gv‡mvgvj Bb‡nwi‡U‡Ý AskMÖnY K‡i| Ab¨ GKwU MVb L. K¨vm‡cwiqvb w÷ªc ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
ÔBÕ mKj mv‡jvKms‡kølYKvix †Kv‡l cvIqv hvq Ges GwU M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖ_g MVbwUi kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨
†jL| 3
mvB‡UvcøvRwgK Bb‡nwi‡U‡Ý AskMÖnY K‡i|
N. DÏxc‡Ki MVb `ywUi g‡a¨ Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4
K. wbDwK¬IUvBW Kx? 1
5  Dw™¢` MÖæc-A : Agivweb¨vm-g~jxq, cys‡Kki wZbwU|
L. †R‡bwUK †Kvl ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
Dw™¢` MÖæc-B : Agivweb¨vm-Aÿxq, cys‡Kki AmsL¨|
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ÔBÕ MVbwUi wPwýZ wPÎ A¼b Ki| 3 K. †÷ªvwejvm Kx? 1
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ MVb ÔAÕ Rxe‡`‡n ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv L. ÒCycas GKwU RxešÍ Rxevk¥Ó e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
iv‡L e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Dw™¢` MÖæc Gi ÔAÕ Gi A_©‰bwZK
2  wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI ¸iæZ¡ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxcKwU DwjøwLZ Dw™¢` MÖæc‡K ÔAÕ Ges ÔBÕ Gi
Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4
6  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI
c_-01
RuBP
CO2 kK©iv
AÜKvi
PEP
c_-02
wPÎ : A
K. dm‡dvivB‡jkb Kx? 1
K. K¨vwiIKvB‡bwmm Kx? 1
L. d‡Uv‡imwc‡ikb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
L. n«vmg~jK wefvRb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ c_-01 Gi kK©iv ms‡køl ch©šÍ
M. DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Î cÖ`wk©Z `kvwUi cieZ©x `kvi ˆewkó¨ †iLvwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ †`LvI| 3
†jL| 3 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †Kvb c_wU D”P ZvcgvÎvq AwaK
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ `kvi wRbMZ ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4 Kvh©Kix n‡e? †Zvgvi gZvgZ we‡kølY Ki| 4
3  cve©Z¨ †Rjvi AwaevmxMY c¨v‡_v‡RwbK †cÖv‡Uv‡Rvqv m„ó 7  ™ÏGy KvR Pyruvic Acid
(1 AYy) ATP (2 AYy)
GKwU we‡kl R¡i †iv‡M AvµvšÍ n‡q _v‡Kb| †ivMwUi Kvi‡Y K. k¦mwbK nvi Kx? 1
†jvwnZ i³KwYKv aŸsmcÖvß nq Ges †ivMxi g„Zz¨ ch©šÍ n‡Z L. dv‡g©‡›Ukb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
cv‡i| M. DÏxc‡Ki kw³ Drcv`bKvix avcmg~n e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
K. wfwiqb Kx? 1 N. DÏxc‡Ki Mø‡y KvR n‡Z Drcvw`Z kw³i wnmve †`LvI| 4
L. eva¨Zvg~jK ciRxex ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 8  wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI
M. DÏxc‡Ki DwjøwLZ †ivMwU cÖwZ‡iv‡a ¸iæZ¡c~Y© c`‡ÿc
wjwce× Ki| 3
N. Ò†ivMwUi Kvi‡Y †jvwnZ i³KwYKv aŸsmcÖvß nqÓ
A B C
DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 K. G·cøv›U Kx? 1
4  RxeweÁvb K¬v‡m wkÿv_©xiv AYyexÿY h‡š¿i wb‡P `ywU MVb L. mvBweªW ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
ch©‡eÿY Ki‡jv| cÖ_g MVbwU‡Z Aixqfv‡e web¨¯Í mvZwU M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ B wP‡Îi ˆewkó¨mg~n e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
cwienb Kjv¸”Q Ges e„nr g¾v we`¨gvb| wØZxq MVbwUi N. wPwKrmv Ges K…wl wk‡í DÏxc‡Ki c×wZwUi ¸iæZ¡
RvB‡jg ÔYÕ AvK…wZi Ges GÛvK©| we‡kølY Ki| 4
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mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 1 I 2 bs 8. wb‡Pi †KvbwUi gva¨‡g n¨vcø‡qW Dw™¢` 18. wb‡¤œi †Kvb A½vYywU A‡UvjvBwmm NUvq?
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : Drcv`b Kiv hvq? K jvB‡mv‡mvg L †mw›UªIj
3 5 cÖwµqv 'X' K †gwi‡÷g KvjPvi M MjwRewW N ivB‡ev‡Rvg
5
3 L K¨vjvm KvjPvi 19. g~‡ji cwienb Kjv¸”Q Kx cÖK…wZi?
wPÎ- A
cÖwµqv 'Y' M civMavbx KvjPvi K mgcvk¦x© q L †Kw›`ªK
3 A¨vwg‡bv GwmW N Kÿ gyKzj KvjPvi
5
wPÎ- B M mgwØcvk¦©xq N Aixq
9. wb‡Pi †Kvb wUmy¨i †Kvl¸‡jv AvKv‡i †QvU
1. wPÎ-‘A’ I ‘B’ Df‡qi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ 20. wb‡Pi †Kvb Dw™¢‡` µ¨vÄ A¨vbvUgx †`Lv
Ges ˆ`N©¨ I cÖ‡¯’ cÖvq mgvb?
K cu¨vPv‡bv, KzÐwjZ I wecixZgyLx K fvRK wUmy¨ L mij wUmy¨
hvq?
L cÖavbZ : mvB‡UvcøvR‡g Ae¯’vb K‡i M RwUj wUmy¨ N ÿiYKvix wUmy¨ K avb L fzÆv
M AmsL¨ wbDwK¬IUvBWhy³ M Mg N evwj©
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 10 I 11 bs
N cÖwZwjc‡bi gva¨‡g m„wó nq cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 21 I 22 bs
2. DÏxc‡Ki msMwVZ cÖwµqv ‘X’ I ‘Y’ Gi Møy‡KvR  P
cvBiæwfK GwmW  Q
A¨vwmUvBj  †Kv G cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
†ÿ‡Î wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? D
K Dfq cÖwµqv ivB‡ev‡Rv‡g msMwVZ nq A·v‡jv mvBwUªK
L cÖwµqv ‘Y’ Gi mv‡_ tRNA Gi mv‡_ A¨vwmwUK GwmW GwmW
mswkøó R wPÎ-A wPÎ-B
M Dfq cÖwµqvq cwjgv‡iR GbRvBg 10. DÏxc‡Ki ‘P’ av‡ci †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ 21. DÏxcK ‘B’ Gi ‘D’ Gi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
cÖ‡qvRb i. Mø‡y Kv‡Ri AvswkK RviY N‡U K AwaK msL¨K wRb aviY K‡i
N cÖwµqv ‘X’ Gi cÖvBgvi ˆZwi nq ii. Kve©b WvBA·vBW Drcbœ nq L Abywjc‡b Aÿg
3. wb‡Pi †KvbwU g¨v‡jwiqv ciRxexi iii. 2wU ATP Ges 2wU NADH+H+ Drcbœ M wbDwK¬qv‡m Ae¯’vb K‡i
BivB‡_ªvmvBwUK mvB‡RvMwb mswkøó? nq N †f±i wn‡m‡e e¨en„Z nq
K †¯úv‡ivR‡qU L wµ‡Þv‡g‡ivR‡qU wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 22. ‘A’, ‘B’ Gi †Kv‡l cÖ‡ek Ki‡j
M wµ‡ÞvR‡qU N Uª‡dvR‡qU K i I ii L i I iii i. ‘B’ †Kv‡li GbRvBg ‘A’ Gi DNA
4. Cycas Dw™¢‡`i ¯¿x Rbbv½ Kx bv‡g M ii I iii N i, ii I iii †K webó Ki‡e
cwiwPZ? 11. DÏxc‡Ki ‘P’ Ges ‘R’ Dfq av‡ci ii. ‘A’ Gi MVb ‘B’ Gi Af¨šÍ‡i m¤úbœ n‡e
K gvB‡µv‡¯úv‡ivwdj †ÿ‡Î mv`„k¨ †KvbwU? iii. †kl ch©v‡q ‘B’ †KvlwU we`xY© n‡e
L †gMv‡¯úv‡ivwdj K gvB‡UvKwÛªqv‡Z msNwUZ nq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M †÷ªvwejvm L mgcwigvY kw³ Drcbœ K‡i K i I ii L i I iii
N †mvivm M O2 Gi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z msNwUZ nq M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 5 I 6 bs N mevZ k¦m‡bi ch©vq 23. iÿx‡Kv‡li Dcw¯’wZ wb‡Pi †Kv_vq jÿ¨
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 12. wUmy¨ KvjPvi cÖhyw³i D™¢veK †K? Kiv hvq?
K G. Habarlandt L T. Morgan K cvwb cÎi‡Üª L KvЇiv‡g
M J. Williamson N F. Sanger
M MÖwš’‡iv‡g N g~j‡iv‡g
13. wiKw¤^‡b›U wWGbG ˆZwi‡Z e¨en„Z
GbRvBgwU n‡”Q  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 24 I 25 bs
5. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwU wb‡Pi †Kv_vq K cÖvB‡gR L †nwj‡KR cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
msMwVZ nq? M †iw÷ªKkb G‡ÛvwbDwK¬‡qR M MÖæc  gc.Dgc. + O cy2 cys3+3 M1
K †`n‡Kv‡l L Rbb‡Kv‡l N cwjgv‡iR
M n¨vcø‡qW Rx‡ei RvB‡Mv‡U 14. †nv‡gv‡jvMvm †µv‡gv‡Rv‡gi †Rvo euvavi N MÖæc   O De„.5e„(5) `5 cys() M(5)
N wWcø‡qW Rx‡ei RvB‡Mv‡U cÖwµqv‡K Kx e‡j? 24. DÏxc‡Ki ‘N’ MÖæ‡ci †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
6. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwUi d‡j Rx‡e Kx K evBf¨v‡j›U L wmb¨vcwmm i. cys‡Kkixq bvwjKv we`¨gvb
ai‡bi cwieZ©b mvwaZ nq? M †UUªvW N KvqvRgv ii. `jgЇji web¨vm fvj‡fU
i. bZzb ˆewkó¨m¤úbœ cÖKiY m„wó nq 15. †KvlwSwjøi †ÿ‡Î wb‡Pi †KvbwU cÖ‡hvR¨? iii. e„°vKvi civMavbx Dcw¯’Z
ii. wR‡bi bZzb web¨vm nq K †f`¨ L wίÍix
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
iii. AcZ¨ †Kv‡l †µv‡gv‡Rvg msL¨v M cøvR‡gv‡Wmgvhy³ N w¯’wZ¯’vcK
K i I ii L i I iii
mgvb nq 16. MøvB‡KvjvBwm‡mi wewµqvmg~n †Kv_vq
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? msMwVZ nq?
K i I ii L i I iii
25. DÏxc‡Ki M MÖæ‡ci Dw™¢‡`i g~‡ji
K mvB‡UvcøvR‡g L gvB‡UvKwÛªqvq
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M wbDwK¬IcøvR‡g N †K¬v‡ivcøv‡÷
AšÍM©V‡bi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK?
7. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖhyw³ cÖ‡qvM K‡i Rx‡ei 17. gvB‡Uvwm‡mi †Kvb ch©v‡q w¯úÛj dvBevi K RvB‡jg GÛvK©
wR‡bvUvB‡ci cwieZ©b NUv‡bv hvq? L AatZ¡K we`¨gvb
A`„k¨ nq?
K wUmy¨ KvjPvi L wR‡bvg wm‡Kv‡qwÝs K †cÖv-†gUv‡dR L †gUv‡dR M g¾v e„nr I my¯úó
M wRb †K¬vwbs N wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA M A¨vbv‡dR N †U‡jv‡dR N †cwimvB‡Kj K‡qK ¯Íiwewkó
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[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z wg‡qvwmm f‚wgKv iv‡L? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 17. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Avev` gva¨g‡K RgvU
K †`n MV‡b L Rbytµ‡g K i I ii L ii I iii euva‡Z mnvqZv K‡i?
M ÿqc~i‡Y N A½R Rb‡b M i I iii N i, ii I iii K wfUvwgb L ni‡gvb
2. †Kvb A½vYywU A‡Uvd¨vwM Gi mv‡_ RwoZ? 10. DÏxc‡Ki M MÖæ‡ci Dw™¢‡`i g~‡ji M A¨vMvi N my‡µvR
K gvB‡UvKwÛªqv AšÍM©V‡bi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK?
L G‡ÛvcøvRwgK †iwUKzjvg K RvB‡jg GÛvK©
M MjwR e¯‘ L g¾v e„nr I my¯úó
N jvB‡mv‡mvg
M †cwimvB‡Kj K‡qK ¯Íiwewkó 18. DÏxc‡Ki cÖhyw³wU wb‡Pi †Kvb Dw™¢`
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 3 I 4 bs
N AatZ¡K we`¨gvb ˆZwi‡Z e¨en„Z nq?
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
11. †Kvb AvqbwU cÎiܪ Lyj‡Z mnvqZv K‡i? K msKi L Uªv݇RwbK
E-ch©vq : H-avc K Ca2+ L Mg2+ M n¨vcø‡qW N mg¸Ym¤úbœ
M Mn2+ N K+ 19. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖwµqvq cÖvBgvi ˆZwi nq?
F-ch©vq : 12. wb‡Pi †Kvb †÷vgvUv wZbwU mnKvix †Kvl K UªvÝwµckb
Øviv cwi‡ewóZ? L Uªv݇jkb
3. DÏxc‡Ki E ch©v‡qi H av‡ci †ÿ‡Î K Paracytic L Anisocytic
M wifvm© UªvÝwµckb
cÖ‡hvR¨ M Actinocytic N Anomocytic
N †iwcø‡Kkb
i. mvdbvm© `vbv †`Lv hvq 20. †KvbwU C3 P‡µi Rb¨ mwVK?
ii. ÿYc` aviY K‡i
K Av`k© ZvcgvÎv 30 †m.  45 †m.
iii. eûwbDwK¬qvm wewkó nq
L †K¬v‡ivcøv‡÷i †÷ªvgv‡Z nq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M cÖ_g Drcbœ `ªe¨ A·v‡jv A¨vwmwUK GwmW
K i I ii L ii I iii 13. Dc‡iv³ wP‡Îi cwienb Kjvi †ÿ‡Î
M i I iii N i, ii I iii N CO2 Gi NbZ¡ 0.10  10 ppm `iKvi
wb‡Pi †Kvb Z_¨wU mwVK? 21. kw³ Drcv`‡bi mv‡_ RwoZ A½vYy
4. DÏxc‡Ki E Ges F ch©v‡qi †ÿ‡Î K mgcvk¦©xq e× L mgcvk¦©xq gy³
†KvbwU mwVK? †KvbwU?
M mgwØcvk¦©xq N Aixq
K E ch©vqwU gkKxi †`‡n nq K †K¬v‡ivcøv÷ L ivB‡ev‡mvg
14. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwµq cwi‡kvl‡Yi †ÿ‡Î M gvB‡UvKwÛªqv N wbDwK¬qvm
L F ch©v‡q wn‡gvR‡qb Drcbœ nq
M E ch©v‡q M¨v‡gU m„wó nq
cÖ‡hvR¨? 22. †KvbwU K¨vwiIwjç bv‡g cwiwPZ?
K †Wvbvb mvg¨ve¯’v gZev`
N F ch©v‡qi cybive„wË N‡U bv K wbDwK¬IcøvRg L G‡±vcøvRg
5. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡K msµgYÿg c~Yv© ½ L e¨vcb gZev`
M †cÖv‡UvcøvRg N G‡ÛvcøvRg
fvBivm KYv e‡j? M jyb‡WMo gZev`  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 23 I 24 bs
K wfwiqb L wfi‡qW N e¨vcK cÖevn gZev` cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M wcÖqb N wbDwK¬IK¨vcwmW  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 15 I 16 bs
6. e¨v‡±wiqv‡Z wcwji cÖavb KvR †KvbwU? cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
P cvBiæwfK GwmW  Q A¨vwmUvBj  †Kv G
K †Kvl wefvR‡b mvnvh¨ Kiv Møy‡KvR  wPÎ-A wPÎ-B
L Pj‡b AskMÖnY Kiv 23. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ A Gi MVbMZ Dcv`vb
M †cvk‡Ki mv‡_ hy³ nIqv A·v‡jv mvBwUªK n‡jv
N cÖwZK‚j Ae¯’v †_‡K iÿv Kiv A¨vwmwUK GwmW GwmW
R i. wm÷vwb©
7. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †cÖvK¨vw¤^qvg †_‡K m„wó nq? ii. f¨vKzIj
K K‡U©· L RvB‡jg 15. DÏxc‡Ki ‘P’ av‡ci †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
i. Mø‡y Kv‡Ri AvswkK RviY N‡U iii. wUDweDj
M g¾v N g¾viwk¥
ii. 2wU ATP Ges 2wU NADH+H Drcbœ + wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
8. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z K¨vm‡cwiqvb w÷ªc we`¨gvb?
nq K i I ii L ii I iii
K GwcWvwg©‡m L nvB‡cvWvwg©‡m
M †cwimvB‡K‡j N G‡ÛvWvwg©‡m iii. Kve©b WvBA·vBW Drcbœ nq M i I iii N i, ii I iii

 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 9 I 10 bs wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 24. DÏxc‡Ki A I B Df‡qi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K i I ii L ii I iii mv`„ k ¨c~ Y ?
©
M i I iii N i, ii I iii K AšÍtcwien‡b KvR K‡i
M MÖæc  gc.Dgc. + O cy2 cys3+3 M1
16. DÏxc‡Ki ‘P’ Ges ‘R’ Dfq av‡ci L wSwjø gm„Y I Agm„Y
N MÖæc   O De„.5e„(5) `5 cys() M(5) †ÿ‡Î mv`„k¨ †KvbwU? M †Kvl‡cøU ˆZwi K‡i
9. DÏxc‡Ki ‘N’ MÖæ‡ci †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ K gvB‡UvKwÛªqv‡Z msNwUZ nq N wØ-¯Íix AveiYwewkó
i. cys‡Kkixq bvwjKv we`¨gvb L mevZ k¦m‡bi ch©vq 25. †KvbwU‡K MwZ ch©vq ejv nq?
ii. `jgЇji web¨vm fvj‡fU M mgcwigvY kw³ Drcbœ K‡i K †cÖ v ‡dR L †gUv‡dR
iii. e„°vKvi civMavbx Dcw¯’Z N O2 Gi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z msNwUZ nq M A¨vbv‡dR N †U‡jv‡dR
 22

†mU : M h‡kvi †evW© 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. †KvbwU RNA fvBivm 8. DÏxc‡Ki ‘X’ PµwU †Kv_vq msNwUZ nq? 17. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwU‡Z cÖ‡qvRbxq DcKiY
K Variola L Vaccinia K gvB‡UvKwÛªqvi Bbvi †gg‡eªb-G n‡jv
M TMV N T2 phage L gvB‡UvKwÛªqvi g¨vwUª·-G i. KvP cvÎ
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 2 I 3 bs M †K¬v‡ivcøv‡÷i _vBjvK‡qW †gg‡eªb-G ii. A‡Uv‡K¬f
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : N †K¬v‡ivcøv‡÷i †÷ªvgv‡Z iii. dvB‡Uvni‡gvb
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
9. DÏxc‡Ki P‡µ Drcbœ nq
‘Q’ K i I ii L i I iii
i. 3 AYy NADH + H+
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
ii. 2 AYy FADH2
18. MøvB‡KvK¨vwj· MwVZ nq †Kvb Dcv`vb
2. DÏxc‡Ki MVb †Kvb Dw™¢‡` cvIqv hvq? iii. 1 AYy ATP w`‡q?
K jvD L Wªvwmbv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K MøvB‡KvwjwcW I MøvB‡Kv‡cÖvwUb
M †Uwim N m~h©gyLx K i I ii L i I iii L MøvB‡KvwjwcW I GbRvBg
3. DÏxc‡Ki ‘Q’ wUmy¨i †Kv‡li M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M wjwcW I Kve©w·wjK GwmW
i. †Kvl cÖvPxi †mjy‡jvR wbwg©Z 10. Rev dz‡ji `jgЇj cy®úcÎ web¨vm †Kvb N wjwcW I †K‡j‡÷ij
ii. †Kvl MnŸi _v‡K bv ai‡bi? 19. †Kvb †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡¯^`b nvi †ewk nq? hw`
iii. wecvK nvi †ewk K I‡cb L fvj‡fU K Av`©ªZv †ewk nq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M Bgweª‡ KU N Uz B‡÷W L evqyPvc Kg nq
K i I ii L i I iii 11. DNA Gi †Ug‡cøU m~·Ki Abyµg M ZvcgvÎv Kg nq
N evqycÖevn Kg nq
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii GCAT n‡Z Drcbœ m-RNA Gi †em
4. Endosymbiont ejv nq †KvbwU‡K? Abyµg n‡e †KvbwU? 20. †cu ‡ci wis ¯úó †iv‡Mi RxevYy
K ivB‡ev‡mvg L gvB‡UvKwÛªqv K DNA enb K‡i
K CGUA L GGUA
M jvB‡mv‡mvg N MjwM ewW M CUGA N CGUU L gkv Øviv evwnZ nq
M `ÐvK…wZi
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 5 I 6 bs 12. Stop †KvWb n‡jv
N Flaviviridae †Mv‡Îi AšÍM©Z
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : i. UAA
ii. UAG
iii. AUG
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii 21. wP‡Îi Agivweb¨vm †Kvb ai‡bi?
M
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K kxl©K L Aÿxq
5. DÏxc‡Ki ‘M’ Kx? 13. †KvbwU e¨vK‡UwiqvRwbZ †ivM? M gy³‡Kw›`ªK N MvÎxq
K KvqvRvgv L evBf¨v‡j›U K RwÛm L K‡jiv 22. †KvbwU bvB‡Uªv‡Rb †em ïay ivB‡ev‡Ri
M †UUªvW N mvBb¨vcwmm mv‡_ hy³ nq?
M †W½y N †cvwjI
6. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwU K A¨v‡Wwbb L ¸qvwbb
14. gvB‡Uvwmm †Kvl wefvR‡bi †Kvb `kvq
i. Rx‡e ˆewPΨ Av‡b M _vBwgb N BDivwmj
†µv‡gv‡Rvg welyexq A‡j web¨¯Í nq?
ii. wRb g¨vwcs-G e¨en„Z nq 23. wR‡bvg wm‡Kv‡qÝ cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq
K †cÖv‡dR L †gUv‡dR
iii. †Kv‡li cybiærcv`‡b mvnvh¨ K‡i i. Acivax kbv³Ki‡Y
M A¨vbv‡dR N †U‡jv‡dR ii. K¨vÝvi M‡elYvq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
15. †m‡KÛvwi fvRK wUmy¨ †KvbwU? iii. Dw™¢‡`i gvb Dbœq‡b
K i I ii L i I iii
K †cÖv‡UvWvg© L †cÖvK¨vw¤^qvg wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M KK© K¨vw¤^qvg N K¨vw¤^qvg K i I ii L i I iii
7. †Kvivj‡qW g~‡j †KvbwU cvIqv hvq?
K Nostoc L Clostridium  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 16 I 17 bs M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M Rhizobium N E.coli cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 24. †¯úv‡ivdvBwUK Dw™¢‡` †Kv_vq gv‡qvwmm
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 8 I 9 bs kvgxg M‡elYvMv‡i RxevYyg³ y I wbqwš¿Z N‡U?
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K †`n‡Kv‡l L Rbb †Kv‡l
cwi‡e‡k Dw™¢‡`i ‘P’ Ask †_‡K n¨vcø‡qW
Acetyle CoA  M Rbb gvZ… †Kv‡l N RvB‡Mv‡U
Dw™¢` ˆZwi Ki‡jb|
Oxalo acetic 25. g¨v‡jwiqv RxevYyi eû wbDwK¬qvmhy³ `kv
16. kvgx‡gi e¨en„Z ‘P’ AskwU Kx?
acid ATP †KvbwU?
K kxl©¯’ fvRK wUmy¨ L civM‡iYy
Succinic K †¯úv‡ivR‡qU L Uª‡dvR‡qU
acid M åƒY N KwP KvÐ M mvBR›U N †g‡ivR‡qU
 23

†mU : M Kzwgjøv †evW© 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Avqb evnK gZev`? 9. †KvbwU mvBKv‡mi Avw` ˆewkó¨? 18. DÏxc‡Ki wØZxq MwZc_ AbymiYKvix
K e¨vcb gZev` K n¨vcø‡qW km¨ L Mf©vkqwenxb Dw™¢‡`i Drcv`bkxjZv †ewk, KviY
L †Wvbvb mvg¨ve¯’v M AvwK©‡Mvwbqvg N †f‡mj Abycw¯’Z i. AwaK Zvcmnbkxj
M jy‡ÛMo gZev` 10. Malvaceae †Mv‡Îi `‡ji cy®úcÎ web¨vm ii. `yB ai‡bi †K¬v‡ivcøv÷ we`¨gvb
N e¨vcK cÖevn †Kvb ai‡bi? iii. Av`k© ZvcgvÎv 10 †m. †_‡K 25
2. mevZ I AevZ k¦m‡bi Awfbœ avc K I‡cb L fvj‡fU
†m.
†KvbwU? M Bgweª‡KU N UzB‡÷W
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K MøvB‡KvjvBwmm 11. avbMv‡Qi 1wU cy‡®ú KqwU cys‡Kki _v‡K?
K i I ii L i I iii
L A¨vwmUvBj †Kv-G m„wó K3 L4
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M †µem Pµ M5 N6
19. †K¬v‡ivcøv‡÷i †Kv_vq †K¬v‡ivwdj Ae¯’vb
N B‡j±ªb cÖevnZš¿ 12. †Kvb fvRK wUmy¨i Kvi‡Y Dw™¢‡`i cvZvi
3. wR‡bvg wm‡Kv‡qwÝs Gi cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq AvqZb e„w× cvq? K‡i?
K _vBjvK‡qW
†Kv_vq? K gvm fvRK wUmy¨
L †÷ªvgvq
K gwjKzjvi dvwg©s G L †cøU fvRK wUmy¨
L Uªv݇RwbK cÖvYx m„wó‡Z M †m‡KÛvwi fvRK wUmy¨ M †÷ªvgv j¨v‡gwj‡Z
M B›Uvi‡dib Drcv`‡b N cÖvBgvwi fvRK wUmy¨ N wSwjø‡Z
N ¯^Rb wba©vi‡Y 13. AatZ¡‡Ki wbP †_‡K AšÍtZ¡K ch©šÍ we¯Í…Z 20. †KvlcÖ vPx‡ii ÿz`ªZg MvVwbK GKK
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 4 I 5 bs AskwUi bvg Kx? †KvbwU?
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K cwiPµ L g¾v K †mjy‡jvR L gvB‡mwj
M K‡U©· N g¾viwk¥ M gvB‡µvdvBweªj N wjMwbb
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 14 I 15 bs 21. DNA cÖwZwjc‡bi mgq nvB‡Wªv‡Rb eÜbx
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : fv‡O †Kvb GbRvBg?
4. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎwU‡Z †`Lv‡bv cÖwµqvi RbK K cÖvB‡gR L cwjgv‡iR
†K? M jvB‡MR N †nwj‡KR
K Morgan L Haberlandt  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 22 I 23 bs
M Gauttzeret N White wPÎ-A wPÎ-B cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
5. DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Îi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ 14. DÏxc‡Ki A wPÎwU †Kvb cÖKv‡ii?
i. †ivMgy³ Dw™¢` m„wó K n¨v‡Wªv‡mw›UªK L †j‡Þv‡mw›UªK
ii. †mvgv‡K¬vbvj f¨vwi‡qkb N‡U M Aixq N gy³ mgcvk¦x© q
iii. ev‡qvdvwg©s G e¨en„Z nq 15. DwjøwLZ wP‡Îi Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 22. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎwU †Kvb A½vYy?
i. A wPÎwU Dracaena Dw™¢‡` we`¨gvb
K MjwR ewW
K i I ii L i I iii ii. A I B DfqB K¨vw¤^qvgwenxb
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii L G‡ÛvcøvRwgK †iwUKzjvg
iii. B †Z RvB‡jg GÛvK©
6. †KvbwU Anti-Codon enb K‡i? M jvB‡mv‡mvg
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K m-RNA L t-RNA N †mw›UªIj
K i I ii L i I iii
M r-RNA N g-RNA 23. DÏxc‡K †`Lv‡bv A½vYywUi KvR
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi 16. cÎiܪ †Lvjv I eÜ nIqvi Rb¨ `vqx i. †Kvl‡cøU ˆZwi
DËi `vI : Avqb †KvbwU? ii. d¨v‡MvmvB‡Uvwmm
K K¨vjwmqvg L †mvwWqvg iii. A¨v‡µv‡Rvg m„wó
M cUvwmqvg N g¨vM‡bwmqvg wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 17 I 18 bs K i I ii L i I iii
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
7. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎwU †Kvb cÖKvi fvBivm?
K TMV L T2
mv‡jvKms‡kølY cÖwµqvq cÖ_g ¯’vqx †hŠM 24. gvB‡Uvwmm Gi †Kvb ch©v‡q †µv‡gv‡Rvg
M TIV N HIV wnmv‡e 3-dm‡dvwMømvwiK A¨vwmW I n‡Z cvwb we‡qvRb N‡U?
8. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎwUi ˆewkó¨ A·v‡jv A¨vwmwUK A¨vwmW `yÕwU wfbœ K †cÖv‡dR L †gUv‡dR
i. A‡Kvlxq, AvYyexÿwYK MwZc_ AbymiY K‡i| †m‡ÿ‡Î wØZxq M Gbv‡dR N †U‡jv‡dR
ii. 150 wU wRb _v‡K MwZc_wUi Drcv`bkxjZv †ewk|
25. Gwi‡_ªvmvBwUK mvB‡RvMwb‡Z †Kvb avcwU
iii. †j‡Ri Af¨šÍ‡i DNA †bB 17. cÖ_g MwZc‡_ CO2 MÖn‡Y †Kvb
ÿY¯’vqx?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? GbRvBgwU mvnvh¨ K‡i?
K mvBR›U L wmM‡bU wis
K i I ii L i I iii K KvB‡bR L iæwe‡¯‹v
M wWnvB‡WªvwR‡bR N AvB‡mvgv‡iR M †Uª v ‡dvR‡qU N †g‡ivR‡qU
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 24

†mU : M PÆMÖvg †evW© 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. GKwU Gw›U †KvW‡b KZwU bvB‡Uªv‡Rb †em  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 10 I 11 bs 17. DÏxc‡K ‘P’ wPwýZ As‡ki bvg Kx?
_v‡K? cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K A¨v‡cvdvBwmm L wcwbDj
K2 L3 P M i¨vwKm N †mvivm
M4 N6 18. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ ‘Q’ †h Dw™¢`‡K cÖwZwbwaZ¡
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 2, 3 I 4 bs Q K‡i, Zvi
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : i. cvZvq UªvÝwdDkb wUmy¨ we`¨gvb
10. DÏxc‡Ki ‘P’ wPwýZ AYyRx‡e we`¨gvb
ii. †Kvivj‡qW g~j we`¨gvb
K †KvlcÖvPxi L ivB‡ev‡mvg
A iii. dz‡j Mf©vkq we`¨gvb
M RNA N DNA
B 11. DÏxc‡Ki wb‡`©wkZ ‘P’ I ‘Q’ Dfq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
A †Mvôxi AYyRxe K i I ii L ii I iii
i. †ivM m„wó K‡i M i I iii N i, ii I iii
wPò - X 19. wUmy¨ KvjPv‡ii D‡Ï‡k¨ gvZ… Dw™¢` n‡Z
ii. wRb cÖ‡KŠk‡j e¨en„Z nq
2. DÏxc‡Ki ‘A’ wPwýZ AskwU n‡jv iii. †iv‡Mi cÖwZ‡laK Drcv`‡b e¨en„Z c„_KxK…Z As‡ki bvg Kx?
K gv‡qvmvBU L gvZ…‡Kvl nq K †gwi‡÷g L AYyPviv
M AcZ¨ †Kvl N Rbb †Kvl wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M G·cøv›U N K¨vjvm
3. DÏxc‡Ki ‘B’ Øviv wb‡`©wkZ As‡ki cÖavb K i I ii L ii I iii  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 20 I 21 bs
MVb Dcv`vb †KvbwU? M i I iii N i, ii I iii cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K †ccwU‡WvMøvB‡Kb 12. †KvbwU Malvaceae †Mv‡Îi kbv³Kvix P

L cwj‡ccUvBW
ˆewkó¨?
K civMavbx me©gyL
M KvBwUb
L Agiv web¨vm Aÿxq
N †mjy‡jvR wPÎ-Q
M cvZ¨ wjwMD‡jU
4. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ ‘X’ Øviv cÖ`wk©Z avcwU bv N Mf©gyÐ cvj‡Ki b¨vq 20. DÏxc‡Ki ‘P’ wPwýZ AskwU n‡jv
NU‡j 13. †KvbwU cwiYZ RvB‡jg wUmy¨i mRxe K †f±i DNA
i. wm‡bvmvBwUK †Kvl m„wó n‡e Dcv`vb? L wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA
ii. AcZ¨ †Kvl m„wó n‡e bv K UªvwKW
M †iwcø‡K‡UW DNA
L †f‡mj
iii. wfbœ ¸Y m¤úbœ †Kvl m„wó n‡e N Kvw•ÿZ DNA
M RvB‡jg c¨v‡ibKvBgv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 21. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ ‘Q’ Øviv cÖ`wk©Z cÖhyw³wU
N RvB‡jg dvBevi
K i I ii L ii I iii e¨en„ Z nq
14. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Dw™¢` evZvm n‡Z MÖnY
M i I iii N i, ii I iii K‡i? i. †ivM cÖwZ‡ivax RvZ Drcv`‡b
5. †Kvb Dc-ch©v‡q DNA Abywjcb N‡U? K bvB‡Uªv‡Rb L Kve©b ii. Uªv݇RwbK Dw™¢` Drcv`‡b
K B›Uvi‡dR L †cÖv‡dR M †K¬vwib N †mvwWqvg iii. Bbmywjb Drcv`‡b
M †gUv‡dR N †U‡jv‡dR 15. MøvB‡KvjvBwmm cÖwµqvq GK AYy Møy‡KvR wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
6. 2n = 8 n‡j gvB‡Uvwmm †gUv‡dR `kvq n‡Z bxU KZwU ATP Drcbœ nq? K i I ii L ii I iii
†gvU KZwU †µvgvwUW †`Lv hv‡e? K2 L3
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
M4 N6
K4 L8 22. †Kvb A½vYy‡Z MÖvbvg we`¨gvb?
16. wb‡Pi †KvbwU g¨v‡µv †gŠj?
M 16 N 24 K wbDwK¬qvm L gvB‡UvKwÛªqv
K †mvwWqvg L bvB‡Uªv‡Rb
7. †Kvb av‡c Rx‡ei ˆewPΨ m„wói cÖwµqv M †K¬v‡ivcøv÷ N ivB‡ev‡Rvg
M g¨v½vwbR N †K¬vwib
m~Pbv nq?  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 17 I 18 bs 23. 80s ivB‡ev‡Rv‡gi Dc-GKK¸‡jv n‡jv
K †j‡ÞvwUb L RvB‡MvwUb cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K 60s I 40s L 50s I 30s
M c¨vKvBwUb N wW‡cøvwUb M 60s I 20s N 50s I 40s
P
8. wb‡Pi †KvbwU `ÐvKvi fvBivm? 24. †Kvb †R‡bwUK †KvWwU Uªv݇jkb e‡Üi
K T2 L TMV ms‡KZ cÖ`vb K‡i?
M HIV N Vaccinia K AUG L UAA
9. wb‡Pi †KvbwU g¨v‡jwiqv RxevYyi n¨vcø‡qW M UUC N CUU
`kv? 25. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z e„ËvKvi DNA †`Lv hvq?
K RvB‡MvU L DwK‡bU K wbDwK¬qvm L ivB‡ev‡Rvg
M Dwm÷ N †¯úv‡ivR‡qU wPÎ-Q M jvB‡mv‡Rvg N gvB‡UvKwÛªqv
 25

†mU : M wm‡jU †evW© 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. gv‡qvwmm wefvRb N‡U  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 10 I 11 bs 18. gvby‡li †`n‡Kv‡l wR‡bvg msL¨v KZwU?
i. n¨vcø‡qW Rx‡ei RvB‡Mv‡U cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K 01 L 02
ii. DbœZ Rx‡ei Rbb‡Kv‡l M 22 N 44
B
iii. wWcø‡qW Rx‡ei wb‡l‡Ki Av‡M 19. Avw` †Kvlx Rxe †KvbwU?
A
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K B÷ L A¨vwgev
K i I ii L i I iii M cø v R‡gvwWqvg N gvB‡KvcøvRgv
wPÎ : Q 20. d¬ B
z W †gvRvBK g‡Wj Abyhvqx
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
10. wP‡Îi ‘A’ AskwU n‡jv dm‡dvwjwcW AYy¸wj
2. †m‡›Uªvwgqv‡ii wefvRb NUvq K †Kvl MnŸi L ivB‡ev‡mvg i. cv‡k e¨vß nq
K †gUv‡dR-2 L †cÖv‡dR-2
M cøvmwgW N RNA ii. Aÿ eivei Nyi‡Z mÿg
M †gUv‡dR-1 N †cÖv‡dR-1
11. wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA ˆZwii †ÿ‡Î iii. `yB ¯Í‡ii g‡a¨ ¯’vb cwieZ©b K‡i
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 3, 4 I 5 bs
i. ‘Q’ †cvlK wnmv‡e e¨en„Z nq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K i I ii L i I iii
ii. ‘A’ evnK wnmv‡e KvR K‡i
C6H12O6 + P + 6H2O  6CO2 + iii. ‘B’ †K †iw÷ªKkb GbRvBg w`‡q M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
12H2O + 36ATP KvUv nq  wb‡Pi MVbwUi Av‡jv‡K 21 I 22 bs
3. Dc‡iv³ cÖwµqvwUi cÖ_g av‡ci Aci bvg wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? cÖ‡ kœ i DËi `vI :
A
n‡jv K i I ii L i I iii H O POCH
2 3 2

K ETC L EMP M ii I iii N i, ii I iii

M TCA N CAM H H H
12. Cycas Gi Avw` ˆewkó¨ n‡jv H
4. Dc‡iv³ cÖwµqvwU‡Z ‘P’ Øviv †KvbwU OH H
K d¬v‡Rjvhy³ ïµvYy
†evSv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 21. DÏxc‡Ki †hŠMwU n‡jv
K N2 L H2S L gvB‡µv‡¯úv‡ivwdj K dAMP L AMP
M CO N O2 M †mvivm M dADP N ATP
5. cÖwµqvwUi ‘P’ e¨en„Z av‡c N AvwK©
‡ Mvwbqvg 22. DÏxc‡Ki †hŠMwU Øviv m„ó ˆRe GwmWwU
i. g¨vwUª‡· cvwb ˆZwi nq 13. gvm fvRK wUmy¨i D`vniY †KvbwU? i. Wvej †nwj·hy³
ii. †Kwg Am‡gvwmm cÖwµqvq ATP ˆZwi K Kv‡Ði g¾viwk¥ L cvZv ii. †R‡bwUK †KvWb enb K‡i
nq M mm¨ wUmy ¨ N ewa© ò z ewntZ¡ K iii. gv÷vi gvjwKDj bv‡g L¨vZ
iii. gvB‡UvKwÛªqvi †gg‡eªb AskMÖnY K‡i 14. w÷wji Ask n‡jv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K AatZ¡K L AšÍtZ¡K K i I ii L i I iii
K i I ii L i I iii M K‡U©· N cwiPµ M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 23 I 24 bs
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
6. PRSV Gi cÖK…Z evnK †KvbwU?
Øv`k †kÖwYi wkÿv_©x gykwdK e›`‡ii
K A¨v‡bvwdwjk L GwWm
iv¯Ívi cv‡k Ômc©gwYÕ bv‡g Dw™¢‡`i GKwU
M GwdW N cøvR‡gvwWqvg
we‡kl Ask wewµ Ki‡Z †`Lj, hv
7. †KvqviUvb© g¨v‡jwiqvi ciRxex †KvbwU? 15. Dc‡ii wPÎwU enbKvix Dw™¢` n‡jv me©‡iv‡Mi Ges mc© †iv‡Mi Ilya wnmv‡e
K Plasmodium vivax i. kmv
L P. malariae
KvR K‡i| Avm‡j Gi †Kv‡bv Jlax
ii. jvD ¸Yvewj bvB|
M P. ovale
N P. falciparum iii. AvL 23. DÏxc‡Ki we‡kl AskwU‡Z _v‡K
8. gvwUi De©iZv webóKvix e¨vK‡Uwiqv n‡jv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K wcwbDj L †mvivm
†KvbwU? K i I ii L i I iii M A¨v‡cvdvBwm N i¨vwKm
K Bacillus subtilis M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 24. DÏxc‡Ki we‡kl AskwU enbKvix
L Bacillus polymyxa 16. AZ¨waK Av‡jv I D”P ZvcgvÎvq N‡U Dw™¢`wU
M Bacillus thuringinensis †KvbwU? i. †nUv‡iv‡¯úvwiK
N Bacillus denitrificans
K Aw·‡WwUf dm‡dvivB‡jkb ii. †f‡mj enb K‡i
9. g¨v‡jwiqv ciRxexi wWcø‡qW ch©vq n‡jv L d‡Uvdm‡dvivB‡jkb iii. †¯úv‡ivdvBwUK
i. Uª‡dvR‡qU M Av‡jvK k¦mb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ii. DIwK‡bU N k¦mb K i I ii L i I iii
iii. DIwm÷ 17. †µem P‡µ GK AYy GwmUvBj †Kv-G M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? †_‡K †gvU KZ AYy ATP ˆZwi nq? 25. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z gvB‡Uvwmm N‡U?
K i I ii L i I iii K6 L8 K A¨vwgev L e¨vK‡Uwiqv
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M 12 N 24 M wKQy C÷ N cøvR‡gvwWqvg
 26

†mU : L ewikvj †evW© 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. fvRK †Kv‡li ˆewkó¨ †KvbwU? 10. wg‡qvwmm wefvR‡bi †Kvb `kvq 18. DÏxc‡Ki P‡µ
K †Kvl cÖvPxi cyiæ †µv‡gv‡Rv‡gi †m‡›Uªvwgqvi wef³ nq? i. CO2 wbM©Z nq
L †Kvl¸wj cwiYZ K †gUv‡dR-1 L A¨vbv‡dR-1
ii. NAD weRvwiZ nq
M †Kvl¸wj Nbmwbœweó M †gUv‡dR-2 N A¨vbv‡dR-2
iii. FADH2 Drcbœ nq
N wecvK nvi Kg  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 11 I 12 bs
2. wb‡Pi †Kvb †iv‡Mi RxevYy Avw`‡Kvlx? cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K g¨v‡jwiqv L wbD‡gvwbqv W. Fleming (1882) †Kvl A½vYy- ‘A’ K i I ii L i I iii
M Bbd¬‡z qÄv N RjvZ¼ cÖZ¨ÿ K‡ib Ges wdjv (Fila) bvgKiY M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
3. Cycas Dw™¢‡`i K‡ib| W. Schimper (1883) †Kvl A½vYy- 19. †cÖv‡dR-1 Gi †Kvb Dc`kvq jyc ˆZwi
i. AvwK©‡Mvwbqv Dcw¯’Z ‘B’ me©cÖ_g jÿ¨ K‡ib Ges bvgKiY nq?
ii. RvB‡jg †f‡mj _v‡K K‡ib| K †j‡ÞvwUb L RvB‡MvwUb
iii. ïµvYy eûd¬v‡Rjvhy³ 11. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g A½vYywU Kx? M c¨vKvBwUb N wW‡cøvwUb
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K Ribosome L Golgi body
20. wUmy¨ KvjPv‡ii RbK †K?
M Mitichondria N Chloroplast
K i I ii L i I iii K Gottilieb Hoberlandt
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 12. DÏxc‡Ki A½vYy `yÕwU L Karl Ercky
4. Plasmodium Gi †Kvb `kv n‡Z i. wØ-¯Íix wSwjø Øviv †ewóZ M Dr. F. Sanger
M¨vwg‡UvmvBU ˆZwi nq? ii. ADP †K ATP †Z iƒcvšÍi K‡i N Jack Williamson
K †¯úv‡ivR‡qU L wµ‡ÞvR‡qU iii. mKj Rxe‡Kv‡l eZ©gvb 21. RNA ˆZwii cÖwµqv †KvbwU?
M †Uªv‡dvR‡qU N †g‡ivR‡qU wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K UªvÝwµckb L Uªv݇jkb
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 5 I 6 bs K i I ii L i I iii
M †iwcø‡Kkb N wiKw¤^‡bkb
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
22. C4 Dw™¢‡`i
ewbi gv_ve¨_v, nv‡oi †Rvovq †Rvovq 13. mwµq jeY cwi‡kvlY gZev` †KvbwU?
i. mv‡jvKms‡kølY nvi †ewk
e¨_v I ewg ewg fve| nVvr D”P K jy‡ÛMo gZev`
L Avqb wewbgq gZev` ii. D”P ZvcgvÎvq mv‡jvKms‡kølY N‡U
ZvcgvÎvi (103F  105F) R¡i Av‡m,
kix‡i jvj‡P dzmKzuwo D‡V‡Q| M †Wvb¨vb mvg¨ve¯’v gZev` iii. evÛjwm‡_i †Kv‡li †K¬v‡ivcøv‡÷ MÖvbv
gwbi gv_ve¨_v, †cwk e¨_v, ewg ewg fve| N e¨vcK cÖevn gZev` _v‡K
cÖPÐ Kuvcywbmn 48 NÈv AšÍi R¡i Av‡m 14. Lycopodium Gi fv¯‹zjvievÛj †Kvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
Ges Nvg w`‡q R¡i †Q‡o hvq| ai‡bi? K i I ii L i I iii
5. DÏxc‡K ewbi †iv‡Mi bvg Kx? K mgcvk¦©xqe× L mgwØcvk¦©xq M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K †W½y L g¨v‡jwiqv M RvB‡jg †Kw›`ªK N †d¬v‡qg †Kw›`ªK 23. †KvbwU bvB‡Uªv‡Rb †em ïay ivB‡ev‡Ri
M Bbd¬‡z qÄv N †ncvUvBwUm 15. Revdz‡ji cvcwoi cy®úcÎweb¨vm †Kvb
mv‡_ hy³ nq?
6. DÏxc‡Ki gwbi †iv‡Mi RxevYy ai‡bi?
K A¨v‡Wwbb L ¸qvwbb
i. gkvi †`‡n †hŠb Rbb NUvq K I‡cb L fvj‡fU
ii. †jvwnZ i³ KwYKv aŸsm K‡i M UzB‡÷W N Bw¤^‡ª KU
M _vBwgb N BDivwmj
iii. cvB‡iv‡Rb ÿiY K‡i  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 24 I 25 bs
16. GKexRcÎx Kv‡Ð
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i. RvB‡jg GÛvK©
cÖ‡ kœ i DËi `vI :
K i I ii L i I iii ii. AšÍtZ¡K Abycw¯’Z
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii iii. AatZ¡K Dcw¯’Z
7. Lysosomes Avwe®‹vi K‡ib †K? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K Kcith R. Porter wPÎ : M wPÎ : N
K i I ii L i I iii
L Christian de Duve 24. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwU Kx?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M George Palade K wR‡bvg wmKz‡qwÝs
N Edouard Van Bencden  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 17 I 18 bs
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : L †R‡bwUK wiKw¤^‡bkb
8. Am¤ú~Y© dzj †KvbwU?
CoA M wRb †K¬vwbs
K ayZziv L Kzgov
M †cqviv N gUi N wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA cÖhyw³
Møy‡KvR    kw³ (ATP)
9. K¨vwiIKvB‡bwm‡m 25. DÏxc‡Ki ‘M’ 
i. wbDwK¬qv‡mi msL¨v e„w× cvq i. wØ-m~ÎK †µv‡gv‡Rvg ewnf©‚Z DNA
17. DÏxc‡K cÖwµqvq m~PbvKvix Dr‡mPK
ii. †Kv‡li msL¨v e„w× cvq ii. e¨vK‡Uwiqv †Kv‡l cvIqv hvq
†KvbwU?
iii. wbDwK¬qv‡mi wefvRb N‡U iii. wR‡bvg wm‡Kv‡qwÝs G e¨en„Z nq
K wWnvB‡WªvwR‡bR
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? L †n‡·vKvB‡bR wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii M dm‡dvd«‡±vKvB‡bR K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii N AvB‡mvgv‡iR M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 27

†mU : K w`bvRcyi †evW© 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. bMœexRx Dw™¢‡` †bB  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 10 I 11 bs 17. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †Kvl wefvR‡bi mgq
i. RvB‡j‡g †f‡mj cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : ÔgvKzZš‘Õ MVb K‡i?
ii. †d¬v‡q‡g m½x‡Kvl K MjwMewW
iii. wØwb‡lK L G‡ÛvcøvRwgK †iwUKzjvg
M †mw›UªIj N jvB‡mv‡mvg
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L ii I iii 18. Ave„ Z exRx Dw™¢ ‡`i km¨Kjv
10. DÏxcKwU‡K †Kvb cÖwµqvq evnK E.coli K n¨vcø‡qW L wUªcj‡qW
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
†Z cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv nq? M wWcø‡qW N †UUªvcø‡qW
2. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Ô÷c †KvWbÕ?
K dv‡g©‡›Ukb L UªvÝdi‡gkb  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 19 I 20 bs
K UUU L UGG
M UCA N UAA M Bb‡dKkb N nvBweªWvB‡Rkb cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
A
3. `ywU †nv‡gv‡jvMvm †µv‡gv‡Rv‡gi g‡a¨ 11. DÏxcKwU Kvw•ÿZ wRb enb Ki‡Q wK-bv Mø‡
y KvR  cvBiæwfK GwmW  A¨vwmUvBj Co-A

†Rvo m„wó nIqv‡K Kx e‡j? Zv kbv³KiY Kiv nq

K µwmsIfvi L mvB‡UvKvB‡bwmm i. PCR c×wZ
M wmb¨vcwmm N B›UviKvB‡bwmm ii. Restriction digestion Gi gva¨‡g P Pµ
iii. †R‡bwUK †cÖve-Gi gva¨‡g
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
19. DÏxc‡K A av‡c wbU KqwU ATP Drcbœ nq?
K i I ii L i I iii
K4 L6
4. Dc‡ii wP‡Î †Kvb ai‡bi cy®úcÎ web¨vm M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M8 N 10
†`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q? 12. mwµq cwi‡kvl‡Y 20. DÏxc‡K ‘P’ P‡µ
K fvj‡fU L UzB‡÷W i. k¦mb nvi ¯^vfvweK _v‡K i. cÖ_g Drcbœ nq mvBwUªK GwmW
M Bgweª‡KU N †fw·jvix ii. evnK Avqb ev AYy Øviv m¤úbœ nq ii. †k‡l Drcbœ nq g¨vwjK GwmW
iii. GbRvBg ¸iæZ¡
c Y
~ © f‚ w gKv iv‡L iii. PµwU gvB‡UvKwÛªqv‡Z N‡U
5. webvBb Uvwm©qvb g¨v‡jwiqv †ivM msµwgZ
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
nq wb‡Pi †KvbwU Øviv? K i I ii L ii I iii
K Plasmodium vivax K i I ii L ii I iii
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
L Plasmodium malariae M i I iii N i, ii I iii
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 21 I 22 bs
M Plasmodium ovale 13. Dw™¢‡` Kq cÖKvi C4 MwZc_ jÿ Kiv cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
N Plasmodium falciparum hvq? K‡qKw`b a‡i iwe‡bi gv_ve¨_v, Aí R¡i,
6. wb‡Pi †KvbwU n‡Z ÔRwÛmÕ †iv‡Mi wUKv K1 L2 †Pv‡Li mv`v Askmn mg¯Í kixi njy`,
ˆZwi nq? M3 N4 cÖmvÖ e mwilvi †Z‡ji b¨vq| wkgy‡ji Zxeª
K fvBivm gv_ve¨_v I Lye R¡i, gvsm‡ckx I nv‡o
14. †Kvl P‡µi ms‡kølY `kvq e¨wqZ mgq
L e¨vK‡Uwiqv cÖPÐ e¨_v, bvK I `uv‡Zi gvwo‡Z i³ÿiY
K 10  20% L 30  40% Ges †Pv‡L i³ RgvU †eu‡a‡Q|
M gvB‡KvcøvRgv
M 30  50% N 90  95% 21. iwe‡bi †ivMwUi bvg
N A¨vKwU‡bvgvBwmwUm
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 15 I 16 bs K K‡jiv L g¨v‡jwiqv
7. gvB‡UvKwÛªqvi g¨vwUª· G ¯’vqx Ae¯’v‡bi
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M †ncvUvBwmm N †W½y
Kvi‡Y wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡K ÔAvevwmK AYyÕ
wkÿK K¬v‡m MÖvDÛ wUmy¨Z‡š¿i 22. wkgy‡ji †iv‡Mi †ÿ‡Î
ejv nq? i. †ivMwU fvBivmNwUZ
evwntw÷jxq A‡ji wfZ‡ii ¯Íi wb‡q
K A·v‡jv A¨vwmwUK A¨vwmW ii. †ivMwU †ncvUvBwUm
Av‡jvPbv KiwQ‡jb hv AšÍtw÷jxq
L mvBwUªK A¨vwmW iii. G †iv‡Mi evnK GwWm gkKx
AÂj‡K wN‡i iv‡L|
M Avjdv wK‡UvMøyUvwiK A¨vwmW wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
15. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z ¯Íi †KvbwU?
N mvKwmwbK A¨vwmW K i I ii L ii I iii
K nvB‡cvWvwg©m L Gwc‡eøgv
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
8. nvBWv‡_vW w`‡q Zij cvwb †ei n‡q M G‡ÛvWvwg©m N †cwimvB‡Kj 23. _vBjvK‡qW †Kv‡li †Kvb A½vYy‡Z _v‡K?
hvIqv‡K e‡j 16. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z ¯Í‡ii †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ K gvB‡UvKwÛªqvq L ivB‡ev‡Rv‡g
K cÖ‡¯^`b L M¨v‡Ukb i. wØexRcÎx Kv‡Ð G‡K ÷vP© AveiY M †K¬v‡ivcøv‡÷ N jvB‡mv‡Rv‡g
M wWwdDkb N Am‡gvwmm e‡j 24. wbDwK¬qv‡mi Dcv`vb †KvbwU?
9. wb‡¤œi †Kvb cÖwµqvi mv‡_ ÔG·cøv›UÕ ii. g~‡ji G ¯Í‡i K¨vm‡cwiqvb w÷ªc K †µv‡gv‡Rvg L jvB‡mv‡Rvg
m¤úK©hy³? _v‡K M ivB‡ev‡Rvg N †m‡›Uªv‡Rvg
c¨wimvB‡Kj †Kvl _v‡K 25. wg‡qvwmm †Kvl wefvR‡bi †Kvb av‡c
K †R‡bwUK BwÄwbqvwis iii.
†µv‡gv‡Rv‡gi `ywU †µvgvwUW m¤ú~Y© c„_K
L wUmy¨ KvjPvi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
n‡q hvq?
M wRb †K¬vwbs K i I ii L ii I iii K †gUv‡dR-1 L †gUv‡dR-2
N wR‡bvg wm‡Kv‡qwÝs M i I iii N i, ii I iii M A¨vbv‡dR-1 N A¨vbv‡dR-2
 28

†mU : K gqgbwmsn †evW© 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. †h mKj wWcø‡qW †Kv‡l wg‡qvwmm N‡U 10. wP‡Îi Dcv`vbwU wØexRcÎx Dw™¢‡`i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
Zv‡K e‡j cvZvq †Kvb c„‡ô Ae¯’vb K‡i? K i I ii L i I iii
K DImvBU L d¨v‡MvmvBU K Dc‡ii Z¡‡K L wb‡Pi Z¡‡ K M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M wc‡bvmvBU N wg‡qvmvBU M Dfq Z¡ ‡K N e„ ‡šÍ 19. wb‡¤œ i †KvbwU g¨v‡µv Dcv`vb?
2. DNA Gi †h ÿz`ªZg Ask wiKw¤^‡bk‡b 11. wP‡Îi Dcv`vbwU wb‡Pi †Kvb ˆewkó¨ enb K Zn L Mn
K‡i? MN N Na
As‡k †bq Zv‡K e‡j
i. cÖ‡¯^`b NUvq 20. †h mKj cø v Rwg‡W A¨vw›Uev‡qvwUK
K wgDUb L †icjb
M †iKb N wm÷ªb ii. M¨v‡mi Av`vb-cÖ`vb K‡i cÖ w Z‡ivax wRb _v‡K, Zv‡K e‡j
iii. iÿx‡Kvl enb K‡i K F-cøvRwgW L R-cøvRwgW
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 3 I 4 bs
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M †Kvj cø v RwgW
NH2 K i I ii L i I iii N wW‡MÖwUf cøvRwgW
6
5 N7 M ii I iii N i, ii I iii  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 21 I 22 bs
1N
8
H 12. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU mgvwß †KvWb? cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
H 2 N 4
3
N9 K AUG L UAA
H M UAC N UUC
3. wP‡Îi Dcv`vbwUi bvg Kx? 13. wb‡¤œi †Kvb Dw™¢‡` nvBWv‡_vW †`Lv hvq?
K A¨vwWwbb L mvB‡Uvwmb K Avg L †cqviv
M _vBwgb N ¸qvwbb M U‡g‡Uv N Rev
4. Dc‡iv³ Dcv`vbwUi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv 14. me©cÖ_g †µv‡gv‡Rvg †K Avwe®‹vi K‡ib? 21. Zxi Øviv wPwýZ we›`ywU Kx?
K W. Flemming L E. Strasberger K Merozoit L Gametogony
i. GwU DNA Gi GKwU Dcv`vb
M W. Stransfield N W. Waldeyer M Oocyst N Cryptomerozoit
ii. GwU Ab¨ GKwU ÿvi‡Ki mv‡_ `ywU

wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 15 I 16 bs 22. Zxi Øviv wPwýZ `kvwU †h ciRxexi Zvi
nvB‡Wªv‡Rb eÜbxi gva¨‡g hy³ _v‡K cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : ˆewkó¨ n‡jv
iii. GwU myMv‡ii mv‡_ Kve©‡bi 1bs
DbœZ cÖRvwZi cyiæl I ¯¿x Rxe n‡Z Avmv i. Gi RxebP‡µ `yBwU †cvl‡Ki
Ae¯’v‡b hy³ _v‡K Dcv`vb؇qi wgj‡b m„ó AcZ¨ RxewUi cÖ‡qvRb
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? ˆewkó¨ c¨v‡i‡›Ui g‡Zv nq| ii. †hŠb Rb‡b G·d¬v‡R‡jkb `kv _v‡K
K i I ii L i I iii
15. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cyiæl Rxe n‡Z Avmv iii. †VuvU, †PvL i³ eY© aviY K‡i Ges
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
Dcv`vbwU n‡jv kix‡i i¨vk †ei nq
5. †h cÎi‡Üªi PZzw`©‡Ki mnKvix †Kvl¸‡jv
K †µv‡gv‡Rvg L RvB‡MvU wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
mvaviY Z¡Kxq †Kv‡li b¨vq Zv‡K e‡j M ïµvYy N †¯úvi K i I ii L i I iii
K Anisocytic L Actinocytic
M Anomocytic N Tetracytic
16. DÏxc‡K Dwjø w LZ Avmv Dcv`vb؇qi M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
6. wb‡¤œi †Kvb Av‡jv cÎiܪ †Lvjv Z¡ivwš^Z cÖ K w
… Z  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 23 I 24 bs
K‡i? i. wiWvKkb wWwfkb KZ…K © m„wó cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K Blue L Green ii. n¨vcø‡qW Rx‡e mvaviYZ ¯^evZ I AevZ GB
M Red N Yellow iii. M¨v‡gU `yÕai‡bi k¦mb cwijwÿZ nq|
7. µvÄ A¨vbvUwg wb‡¤œi †Kvb RvZxq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 23. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g k¦m‡b †gvU KZwU ATP
Dw™¢‡`i ˆewkó¨? K i I ii L i I iii Drcbœ nq?
K C3 L C4 M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K 34 L 36
M CAM N Cycas M 40 N 42
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 17 I 18 bs
8. ‘Biological coin’ ejv nq cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 24. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖwµqv¸‡jv msMV‡bi
K ADP L ATP P Rb¨ †h Dcv`vb¸‡jv e¨en„Z nq
M FAD N NAD
i. kK©iv
9. Pv, Kwd I ZvgvK cÖwµqvRvZKi‡Y wb‡¤œi
ii. wjwcW
†Kvb e¨vK‡Uwiqv e¨en„Z nq?
K Bacillus thuringiensis iii. Avwgl
L Bacillus megaterium wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
17. P wPwýZ AskwUi bvg Kx?
M Bordetella pertussis K i I ii L i I iii
K A-jyc L D-jyc
N Bacillus lactis M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 10 I 11 bs M T-jy c N S-jyc
25. wb‡¤œi †Kvb Dw™¢` n‡Z GiviæU ev evwj©
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 18. wP‡Îi Dcv`vbwUi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv Drcbœ nq?
i. Gi †Kv‡bv cÖKvi‡f` †bB K Cycas pectinata
ii. DNA n‡Z †cÖvwUb ms‡køl‡Yi †KvW L Cycas circinalis
enb K‡i M Cycas revoluta
iii. †`L‡Z je½ cvZvi b¨vq N Cycas beddomei
 29

†mU : N XvKv †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 8

mgq20 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb15
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. Bbmywjb n‡jv 12. †j‡MŸv‡mw›UK fv¯‹zjvi evÛ‡ji D`vniY 20. †Kv‡li gw¯Í®‹ ejv nq †KvbwU‡K?
K †cÖvwUb L wfUvwgb †KvbwU? K wbDwK¬qvm L gvB‡UvKwÛªqv
M wjwcW N Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU K Pteris L Cycas M ivB‡ev‡mvg N †K¬v‡ivcøv÷
2. mevZ k¦mb I AevZ k¦m‡bi Awfbœ avc M Dracaena N Lycopodium
 wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K 21 I 22 bs cÖ‡kœi
†KvbwU?  wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K 13 I 14 bs cÖ‡kœi
DËi `vI :
K †µem Pµ DËi `vI :
L A¨vwmUvBj †Kv-G m„wó Q
M ETS
N MøvB‡KvjvBwmm
P
3. GKexRcÎx Kv‡Ði †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
i. ewntZ¡‡K wKDwUKj Dcw¯’Z
ii. cwienb Kjv¸”Q mshy³ wPÎ : ÔAÕ 21. O wPwýZ cÖwµqvwU wb‡Pi †Kvb av‡c †`Lv
iii. cwienb wUmy¨ wewÿßfv‡e _v‡K 13. DÏxc‡K ÔPÕ wPwýZ AskwU Kx? hvq?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K †mvivm L †¯úvi
K †j‡ÞvwUb L RvB‡MvwUb
K i I ii L ii I iii M exR N wW¤^K
M c¨vKvBwUb N wW‡cøvwUb
M i I iii N i, ii I iii 14. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ ÔAÕ †h Dw™¢`‡K cÖwZwbwaZ¡
22. ÔQÕ cÖwµqvwUi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
4. Revdz‡ji ˆewkó¨ †KvbwU? K‡i Zvi †ÿ‡Z cÖ‡hvR¨
i. gvZ…¸Ym¤úbœ Rxe m„wó
K civM‡iYy K›UwKZ L GK cÖwZmg i. wfbœevmx
ii. bZzb cÖKiY m„wó
M Mf©KwU N g~jxq Agivweb¨vm ii. km¨ wUªcø‡qW
5. Dw™¢`‡Kv‡li Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU d¨v±ix †KvbwU? iii. wRbMZ cwieZ©b
iii. †Kvivj‡qW g~j
K gvB‡UvKwÛªqv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
L G‡ÛvcøvRwgK †iwUKzjvg K i I ii L ii I iii
K i I ii L ii I iii
M MjwRe¯‘ M i I iii N i, ii I iii
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
N ivB‡ev‡mvg
15. †Kvb Av‡jv‡Z mv‡jvKms‡køl‡Yi nvi m‡e©v”P?  wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K 23 I 24 bs cÖ‡kœi
6. cvZvi MÖvDÛ wUmy¨‡K Kx e‡j? DËi `vI :
K njy` L bxj
K †g‡mvwdj L g¾v
M jvj N Kgjv
M g¾viwk¥ N cwiPµ
7. †KvbwU‡Z nvB‡Wv‡_vW _vK‡Z cv‡i? 16. wR‡bvg wm‡Kv‡qÝ cÖ‡qvM Kiv nq X

K cvZv L dzj i. Acivax kbv³Ki‡Y Y

M g~j N KvÐ ii. K¨vjvm m„wó‡Z

8. n¨vcø‡qW Dw™¢` cvIqvi Rb¨ Explant iii. wRb †_ivwc‡Z 23. DÏxc‡Ki ÔXÕ wPwýZ As‡ki bvg Kx?
wn‡m‡e †KvbwU e¨envi Kiv nq? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K ivB‡ev‡mvg L †g‡mv‡mvg
K g~jkxl© L civM‡iYy K i I ii L ii I iii M †µv‡gv‡mvg N fwjDwUb
M åƒY N KvÐkxl© M i I iii N i, ii I iii 24. DÏxc‡Ki ÔYÕ wPwýZ As‡ki Rb¨
9. †Kvl wefvR‡bi †Kvb av‡c wbDwK¬qvi 17. g~j Øviv †Kvb LwbR Avqb me‡P‡q `ªæZ
cÖ‡hvR¨
MwZ‡Z †kvwlZ nq?
†gg‡eªb wejyß nq? i. wRb cÖ‡KŠk‡j e¨en„Z nq
K K+ L Na+
K †cÖv‡dR L †cÖv-†gUv‡dR M Mg ++
N Ca ++ ii. ¯^í msL¨K wRb _v‡K
M †gUv‡dR N A¨vbv‡dR 18. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z ÔˆRegy`ªvÕ Drcvw`Z nq? iii. ¯^-wefvRb ÿgZvm¤úbœ
10. g¨v‡jwiqv RxevYyi †Kvb `kv gvby‡li †`‡n K wbDwK¬qvm L ivB‡ev‡mvg wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
cÖ‡ek K‡i? M jvB‡mv‡mvg N gvB‡UvKwÛªqv K i I ii L ii I iii
K †¯úv‡ivR‡qU L wµ‡ÞvR‡qU 19. †KvbwU cÖvPxb ˆRe cÖhyw³? M i I iii N i, ii I iii
M mvB‡R›U N Uª‡dvR‡qU K wRb cÖ‡KŠkj 25. ivB‡ev‡mv‡gi GKwU Dc-GKK 30s n‡j
11. †KvbU Malvaceae †Mv‡Îi Dw™¢`? L `B ˆZwi Ab¨wU KZ n‡e?
K †Xuom L euvk M wUmy¨ KvjPvi K 60s L 50s
M evwj©s N AvL N A¨vw›Uev‡qvwUK Drcv`b M 40s N 30s
 30

†mU : N ivRkvnx †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 8

mgq20 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb15
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. fvRK wUmy¨i ˆewkó¨ n‡jv 8. A I B wP‡Îi †ÿ‡Î ˆemv`„k¨ †KvbwU‡Z? 17. †cu‡ci wis ¯úU †iv‡Mi RxevYyi mv‡_
i. †Kvl¸‡jv wefvRb ÿgZvm¤úbœ K wدÍix AveiYx L g¨vwUª· wb‡Pi †Kvb †iv‡Mi RxevYy mv`„k¨c~Y?©
ii. †Kv‡li wbDwK¬qvm A‡cÿvK…Z eo M wµw÷ N ATP-wm‡š’wmm K K‡jiv L †W½yR¡i
iii. †Kvl MnŸi A‡cÿvK…Z eo  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU †`L Ges 9 I 10 bs M g¨v‡jwiqv N av‡bi eøvBU
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K i I ii L ii I iii
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 2 I 3 bs  Dc‡ii DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 1820 bs
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : wPÎ : 'P' cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
mv‡jvKms‡kølY cÖwµqvq Av‡jvK wbi‡cÿ 9. wPÎ : 'P' †Z nvB‡Wªv‡Rb e‡Ûi msL¨v 18. DÏxc‡Ki cy®úcÎ web¨vmwU †Kvb ai‡bi?
Aa¨v‡qi `ywU MwZc_ i‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i KZ? K fvj‡fU L UzB‡÷W
GKwU‡Z 3-dm‡dvwMømvwiK A¨vwmW I K 10wU L 11wU M Bgweª‡KU N KzBbKvbwmqvj
Ab¨wU‡Z A·v‡jv A¨vwmwUK A¨vwmW M 13wU N 14wU 19. DÏxc‡K cÖ`wk©Z cy®úcÎ web¨vmwU †h
Drcbœ nq|
10. Dc‡ii DÏxcK n‡Z m„ó m-RNA Gi †Mv‡Î cvIqv hvq Zvi ˆewkó¨
2. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖ_‡gv³ MwZc‡_ CO2
ÿviKweb¨vm †KvbwU? i. cy®úweb¨vm ¯úvBK‡jU
hy³ K‡i †Kvb GbRvBg?
K CTCTC L GUCUC ii. civMavbx e„°vKvi
K KvB‡bR L wW nvB‡WªvwR‡bR
M GAUGU N GTCTC
M AvB‡mvgv‡iR N iæwe‡¼v iii. gy³cvk¦©xq DccÎ we`¨gvb
11. `ywU †nv‡gv‡jvMvm †µv‡gv‡mv‡gi g‡a¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
3. wØZxq MwZc_ AbymiYKvix Dw™¢‡`i †ÿ‡Î †Rvo m„wó nIqv‡K e‡j K i I ii L ii I iii
i. `yB ai‡bi †K¬v‡ivcøv÷ we`¨gvb K wmb¨vcwmm L evB‡f‡j›U M i I iii N i, ii I iii
ii. µ¨vÄ A¨vbvUwg †`Lv hvq M KvqvRgv N cÖvšÍxqKiY
20. DÏxc‡Ki cy®úcÎ web¨vm †h †Mv‡Îi Dw™¢`
iii. †ewk Nb‡Z¡i CO2 cÖ‡qvRb 12. gv‡qvwmm †KvlwefvRb cÖwµqvq K Cynodon dactylon
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wbDwK¬qv‡mi cÖ_g I wØZxq wefvR‡bi L Abelmoschus esculentus
K i I ii L ii I iii M Zea mays
ga¨eZ©x mgq‡K e‡j
M i I iii N i, ii I iii N Triticum aestivum
K K¨vwiIKvB‡bwmm L mvB‡UvKvB‡bwmm
4. wb‡¤œi †Kvb c×wZ‡Z †ivMgy³ Dw™¢` 21. cvg dvb© ejv nq wb‡¤œi †Kvb Dw™¢`‡K?
M †gUvKvB‡bwmm N B›UviKvB‡bwmm
Drcv`b Kiv hvq? K Gnetum L Pinus
M Cycas N Podocarpus
K civMavbx KvjPvi L civM‡iYy KvjPvi
22. Cycas Gi cÖavb g~j bó nIqvi ci
M †gwi‡÷g KvjPvi N åƒY KvjPvi
i. A¯’vwbK g~j m„wó nq
5. Bt †e¸‡b mshy³ AwZwi³ wRb wb‡¤œi 13. Dc‡ii wP‡Î cÖ`wk©Z cÖwµqvi d‡j ii. g~j e¨vK‡Uwiqv Øviv AvµvšÍ nq
†Kvb AYyRxe †_‡K msM„nxZ? i. wRbMZ cwieZ©b mvwaZ nq iii. بvMÖ kvLvwš^Z g~j m„wó nq
K Bacillus subtilis ii. †µv‡gv‡mvg msL¨vi cwieZ©b nq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
L Bacillus thuringiensis iii. cÖRvwZ‡Z ˆewPΨ Av‡m K i I ii L ii I iii
M Escherichia coli M I N i, ii I iii
N Agrobacterium tumefacians
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i iii
K i I ii L ii I iii 23. Dw™¢ ‡ `i g~‡ji †Kvb As‡k K¨vm‡cwiqvb
6. wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA cÖhyw³‡Z wb‡¤œi †Kvb w÷ª c _v‡K?
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
GbRvBg w`‡q DNA KZ©b Kiv nq? K AšÍtZ¡‡K L ewntZ¡‡K
14. †Kvb fvBiv‡m wØ-m~ÎK RNA _v‡K?
K jvB‡MR GbRvBg K †W½y L wiI M AatZ¡ ‡ K N cwiP‡µ
L †iw÷ªKkb GbRvBg M †cvwjI N i¨vwem 24. †n‡Wª v ‡mw›Uª K fv¯‹j
z vi evÛj †Kvb Dw™¢‡`
M †÷ªc‡UvKvB‡bR GbRvBg 15. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU †MvjvKvi fvBivm? cvIqv hvq?
N cøvRwgb GbRvBg K TMV L HIV K Pteris L Dracaena
M Gnetum N Yucca
7. wb‡Pi †Kvb A½vYy‡Z A‡UvjvBwmm N‡U? M T2 dvh N Ebola
K MjwR ewW 16. †cu‡ci wis ¯úU †iv‡Mi jÿY n‡jv
L jvB‡mv‡mvg i. cvZvi †evUvq cvwb †fRv meyR `vM
M G‡ÛvcøvRwgK †iwUKzjvg †`Lv hvq
N ivB‡ev‡mvg ii. †cu‡ci wgóZv n«vm cvq 25. DÏxc‡K cÖ`wk©Z fv¯‹zjvi evÛjwU n‡jv
iii. d‡ji AvKvi eo nq K Aixq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? L mshy³ mgwØcvk¦©xq
K i I ii L ii I iii M mshy³ mgcvk¦x© q gy³
wPÎ : A wPÎ : B
M i I iii N i, ii I iii N mshy³ mgcvk¦x© q e×
 31

†mU : N h‡kvi †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 8

mgq20 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb15
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. ayZziv dz‡ji Agiv web¨vm †Kvb ai‡bi? 10. DÏxc‡Ki A½vYy 18. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqv e¨envi nq
K Aÿxq L g~jxq i. kw³Ni wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ i. Pv cÖwµqvRvZKi‡Y
M MvÎxq N eûcÖvšÍxq ii. Ca , Fe , Mn Avqb mwÂZ iv‡L
2+ 2+ 2+
ii. g`¨ wk‡í
2. †KvbwU Plasmodium vivax-Gi wWcø‡qW iii. mKj Rxe‡Kv‡l eZ©gvb iii. †eKvwi wk‡í
`kv? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K †¯úv‡ivR‡qU L wµ‡ÞvR‡qU K i I ii L i I iii K i I ii L i I iii
M †g‡ivR‡qU N DwK‡bU M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 3 I 4 bs 11. Biotechnology k‡ãi RbK †K? 19. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wbDwK¬qv‡mi wefvRb?
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K Karl Ereky L Edward Jenner K K¨vwiIKvB‡bwmm L †gUvKvB‡bwmm
Kwig R¡i‡iv‡M fzM‡Q| Zvi †PvL jvj‡P M John Clinch N Janet Parker M WvqvKvB‡bwmm N mvB‡UvKvB‡bwmm

n‡q‡Q Ges Mv‡q jvj e‡Y©i i¨vk eZ©gvb|  wb‡Pi DÏxcK †_‡K 12 I 13 bs cÖ‡ kœ i 20. ¯’vqx wUmy¨i ˆewkó¨ †KvbwU?
3. DÏxc‡K Kwi‡gi †iv‡Mi bvg Kx? DËi `vI : K †Kvl¸‡jv Nb mwbœ‡ewkZ

K g¨v‡jwiqv L Bbd¬‡z qÄv L AvšÍt‡Kvlxq duvK bvB

M †ncvUvBwUm N †W½y M †KvlcÖvPxi †mjy‡jvR wbwg©Z
4. Kwi‡gi †iv‡Mi KviY GK ai‡bi N †Kvl¸‡jv cwiYZ
K e¨vK‡Uwiqv L fvBivm 12. DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Îi web¨vm †Kvb ai‡bi? 21. wb‡Pi †KvbwU n‡Z n¨vcø‡qW Dw™¢`
M QÎvK N cøvR‡gvwWqvg K fvj‡fU L UzB‡÷W Drcv`b m¤¢e?
5. wb‡Pi †KvbwU evo‡j cÖ‡¯^`b K‡g?
M Bgweª‡KU N I‡cb K g~j L KvÐ
K Av‡jv L ZvcgvÎv
13. DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Îi web¨vm Revdz ‡ji †Kvb M civMavbx N åæY
M Av‡cwÿK Av`ª©Zv N evqycÖevn
As‡k †`Lv hvq? 22. wRb cÖ‡KŠk‡j e¨vK‡Uwiqv e¨en„Z nq
6. Ribosome bvg †K cÖ¯Íve K‡ib?
K Dce„wZ L e„wZ i. †cvlvK wn‡m‡e
K Albert Claude
L Richard B. Roberts M `jgÐj N cys¯ÍeK ii. evnK wn‡m‡e
M George Palade 14. wb‡Pi †Kvb †gŠj Dw™¢` gvwU †_‡K MÖnY iii. GbRvB‡gi Drm wn‡m‡e
N Christian de Duve K‡i? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
7. †Kvb `kvq †µv‡gv‡mvg †Kv‡li welyexq K Kve©b L nvB‡Wªv‡Rb K i I ii L i I iii
A‡j web¨¯Í nq? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M Aw·‡Rb N bvB‡Uªv‡Rb
K †cÖv‡dR L †cÖv-†gUv‡dR  wb‡Pi DÏxcK †_‡K 23 I 24 bs cÖ‡kœi
15. Dracaena Dw™¢‡` †Kvb ai‡bi fv¯‹zjvi
M †gUv‡dR N A¨vbv‡dR DËi `vI :
evÛj eZ©gvb?
8. bMœexRx Dw™¢‡` K mgcvk¦x© q L mgwØcvk¦©xq
i. wb‡lK nq M RvB‡jg †Kw›`ªK N †d¬v‡qg †Kw›`ªK
B

ii. AvwK©‡Mvwbqv nq 16. g~‡ji ˆewkó¨ 23. DÏxc‡K 'B' wPwýZ AskwU Kx?
iii. RvB‡j‡g †f‡mj _v‡K i. K‡U©‡· nvB‡cvWvwg©m Abycw¯’Z K Chiasma L Bivalent
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? ii. †gUvRvB‡jg †K‡›`ªi w`‡K Aew¯’Z M Tetrad N Diad

K i I ii L i I iii iii. RvB‡jg Y ev V AvK…wZi

24. DÏxc‡Ki MVb †cÖ v‡dR-1 Gi †Kvb
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Dc`kvq †`Lv hvq?
K Leptotine L Zygotene
 wb‡Pi DÏxcK †_‡K 9 I 10 bs cÖ‡kœi K i I ii L i I iii
M Pachytene N Diplotene
DËi `vI : M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
25. G‡ÛvcøvRwgK †iwUKzjv‡gi KvR
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU †_‡K 17 I 18 bs cÖ‡kœi
i. †cÖv‡UvcøvR‡gi KvVv‡gv ˆZwi Kiv
DËi `vI : ii. Ribosome ˆZwi Kiv
CO2
cvBiæwfK A¨vwmW  P  B_vbj iii. Keratin ˆZwi Kiv
9. A wPwýZ AskwU Kx? 17. DÏxc‡Ki 'P' †hŠMwUi bvg Kx? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K Granum L Cristae K j¨vKwUK A¨vwmW L GwmUvBj †Kv-G K i I ii L i I iii
M Stroma N Matrix M mvBwUªK A¨vwmW N A¨vwmUvjwWnvBW M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 32

†mU : N Kzwgjøv †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 8

mgq20 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb15
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. DNA LЇK †Rvov jvMv‡bvi Rb¨ e¨en„Z 10. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 'B' cÖwµqvwU‡K Kx e‡j? 18. 'P' wPÎwU‡Z †Kvb ai‡bi Agivweb¨vm
nq †Kvb GbRvBg? K UªvÝwµckb L Uªv݇jkb †`Lv hvq?
K †iw÷ªKkb L †nwj‡KR M UªvÝdi‡gkb N †iwcø‡Kkb K g~jxq L Aÿxq
M cwjgv‡iR N jvB‡MR M eûcÖvšÍxq N gy³‡K›`ªxq
11. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' cÖwµqv m¤úbœ Ki‡Z cÖ‡qvRb
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 2 I 3 bs 19. g~‡ji Z¡ K ‡K Kx e‡j?
i. RNA cwigv‡iR
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K K‡U©· L G‡ÛvWvwg©m
ii. mn‡hvMx wjwcW
avb, Mg, evwj© Dw™¢‡`i Kve©b weRviY c_ Bÿz, M Gwc‡eøgv N †cwimvBKj
iii. DNA QuvP
fzÆv Dw™¢‡`i Kve©b weRviY c_ †_‡K wfbœ|  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 20 I 21
2. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g Dw™¢`¸‡jvi Kve©b weRviY wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii bs cÖ ‡ kœ i DËi `vI :
c‡_i 1g ¯’vqx c`v_© †KvbwU?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii G·cøv›U Avev` gva¨‡g
K A·v‡jv A¨vwmwUK GwmW wbe©vPb ˆZwi
A
L 3-dm‡dvwMømvwiK GwmW 12. wg‡qvwmm cÖwµqvq wbDwK¬qv‡mi cÖ_g I
M ivBey‡jvR 1, 5 wemdm‡dU wØZxq wefw³i ga¨eZ©x mgq‡K Kx e‡j? Pviv U‡e ¯’vbvšÍi D C B
N dm‡dvBbj cvBiæwfK GwmW K K¨vwiIKvB‡bwmm 20. DÏxc‡Ki 'B' avcwUi bvg Kx?
3. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g Dw™¢` A‡cÿv wØZxq L †gUvKvB‡bwmm K K¨vjvm m„wó L RxevYygy³KiY
Dw™¢‡`i Drcv`b ÿgZv †ewk KviY M B›UviKvB‡bwmm M Pviv Drcv`b
i. D”P ZvcgvÎvq mv‡jvKms‡kølY nq N mvB‡UvKvB‡bwmm N wgwWqv‡g wUmy¨ ¯’vcb
ii. Dw™¢‡`i cvZvq µ¨vÄ A¨vbvUwg 13. Cycas Dw™¢‡`i †Kvb A½wU mv‡ci dYvi b¨vq? 21. DÏxc‡Ki cÖhyw³wU e¨envi Kiv nq
Dcw¯’Z K †gMv‡¯úv‡ivwdj L gvB‡µv‡¯úv‡ivwdj i. †ivMgy³ Dw™¢` m„wó‡Z
iii. CO2 Gi Kg Nb‡Z¡ MwZc_wU Pvjy _v‡K M †÷ªvwejvm N †Kvivj‡qW g~j ii. wejyßcÖvq Dw™¢` msiÿ‡Y
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 14. †KvbwU fvBivmNwUZ †ivM? iii. †ivM cÖwZ‡ivaÿg RvZ D™¢ve‡b
K i I ii L i I iii wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K h²v L K‡jiv
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K i I ii L i I iii
M RjvZ¼ N abyósKvi
4. wg‡qvwmm †Kvl wefvR‡bi d‡j M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU †`L Ges 15 I 16 bs cÖ‡kœi
i. Rx‡e ˆewP‡Î¨i m„wó nq 22. Dw™¢‡`i LwbR jeY cwi‡kvl‡Yi †ÿ‡Î
DËi `vI :
ii. ÿZ¯’vb c~iY K‡i i. Avqb wn‡m‡e †kvwlZ nq
iii. cÖRvwZi ¯^KxqZv wVK _v‡K ii. A¨vbvqb †kvlY cÖwµqv mwµq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? iii. K¨vUvqb †kvlY cÖwµqv wbw®µq
K i I ii L i I iii 15. DÏxc‡Ki DwjøwLZ wPÎwU †Kvb Dw™¢‡`i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii †Mv‡Î cwijwÿZ nq? K i I ii L i I iii
5. wUmy¨ KvjPvi cÖhyw³i RbK Kv‡K ejv K Rev L ¯’jcÙ M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
nq? M avb N †Xuom 23. g¨v‡jwiqv ciRxexi RxebP‡µi †Kvb
K Morgan L Haberlandt `kvq mvdbvm© `vbv †`Lv hvq?
M Gautheret N Ereky
16. DwjøwLZ †Mv‡Îi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv
i. cvZv wjwMDjwewkó K †g‡ivR‡qU L wmM‡bU wis
6. †Kv‡li †cÖvwUb d¨v±ix †KvbwU? M mvBR›U
K ivB‡ev‡mvg L MjwRe¯‘ ii. civMavbx e„ °vKvi
N A¨vwge‡qW Uª‡dvR‡qU
M jvB‡mv‡mvg iii. dj K¨vwiIcwmm
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 24 I 25 bs
N G‡ÛvcøvRwgK †iwUKzjvg wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
7. †KvlMnŸ‡ii Pvwiw`‡K mvB‡UvcøvR‡gi K i I ii L i I iii
nvjKv ¯Íi‡K Kx e‡j? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii A
B
K nvqv‡jvcøvRg L G‡±vcøvRg 17. bMœexRx Dw™¢‡`i ˆewkó¨ n‡jv
M G‡ÛvcøvRg N U‡bvcøvRg i. †d¬v‡qg wUmy¨‡Z m½x‡Kvl Abycw¯’Z
24. DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Îi 'A' wPwýZ As‡ki bvg Kx?
8. †Kvb bMœexRx Dw™¢‡` wØ-wb‡lK N‡U? ii. mK‡jB Amg‡iYycÖm~
K Ephedra L Pinus K cÎiܪ L †jw›U‡mj
iii. mm¨ wWcø‡qW
M Gnetum N Cycas M iÿx‡Kvl N mnKvix †Kvl
9. mve †gUv‡mw›UªK †µv‡gv‡mvg †Kvl wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
25. DÏxc‡Ki 'B' AskwU Dš§y³ nIqvi KviY
wefvR‡bi A¨vbv‡dR `kvq Bs‡iwR †Kvb K i I ii L i I iii
i. AšÍtAwf¯ªeb
Aÿ‡ii AvK…wZ aviY K‡i? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
ii. Av‡jvi Dcw¯’wZ
KI LJ  wb‡Pi wPÎwU †`L Ges 18 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
ML NV iii. ÷vP© mÂq
`vI :
 wb‡Pi QKwU jÿ Ki Ges 10 I 11 bs wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K i I ii L i I iii
A B M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
DNA RNA †cÖvwUb
 33

†mU : K PÆMÖvg †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 8

mgq20 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb15
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
1. wb‡Pi †Kvb av‡c KvqvRgv m„wó nq? 9. DÏxc‡Ki RxevYywU †Kvb †iv‡Mi Rb¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K †j‡ÞvwUb L RvB‡MvwUb `vqx? K i I ii L i I iii
M c¨vKvBwUb N wW‡cøvwUb K emšÍ L h²v M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M wbD‡gvwbqv N K‡jiv 17. mv‡jvKms‡køl‡Yi Af¨šÍixY cÖfveK
 wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K 10 I 11 bs cÖ‡kœi †KvbwU?
DËi `vI : K †K¬v‡ivwdj L LwbR c`v_©
M Aw·‡Rb N cvwb
2. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wPÎwU Kx ai‡bi
18. †KvbwU n‡Z n¨vcø‡qW Dw™¢` Drcv`b
†µv‡gv‡mvg?
m¤¢e?
K †gUv‡mw›UªK L mve-†gUv‡mw›UªK
10. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎwU Kx wb‡`©k K‡i? K Mf©vkq L civMavbx
M A¨v‡µv‡mw›UªK N †U‡jv‡mw›UªK
K cy®ú web¨vm L Agiv web¨vm M åƒY N KvÐ
3. †Kvb fvBiv‡m wØm~ÎK RNA cvIqv hvq?
M cy®úcÎ web¨vm N cÎ web¨vm 19. †Kvb Dw™¢‡` `y B ai‡bi †K¬v‡ivcøv÷ cvIqv
K wiI fvBivm L TMV fvBivm
hvq?
M T2 fvBivm N Bbd¬‡z qÄv fvBivm 11. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎwU wb‡Pi †Kvb Dw™¢‡`
K Bÿz L avb
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 4 I 5 bs cvIqv hvq?
M Avg N Rvg
K avb L Rev
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 20 I 21 bs
M Mg N fzÆv
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
12. wb‡Pi †KvbwU RvB‡jg I †d¬v‡qg Dfq
wUmy¨‡ZB we`¨gvb?
wPÎ : P wPÎ : Q
K UªvwKW L †f‡mj
4. DÏxc‡Ki P †_‡K Q ˆZwi nq †Kvb
M wmfbj N dvBevi A
cÖwµqvq?
K Uªv݇jkb L UªvÝwµckb
13. cvwbi d‡UvjvBwm‡m †KvbwU mnvqZv K‡i?
K Mg L Mo
M UªvÝWvKkb N †iwcø‡Kkb 20. wP‡Î A wPwýZ AskwU n‡jv
M Ca N Mn
K Mf©vkq L wcwbDj
5. D³ cÖwµqvq e¨en„Z GbRvBg 14. wb‡Pi †Kvb Dw™¢‡`i cvZvq nvBWv‡_vW
i. †nwj‡KR M wW¤^K N †mvivm
we`¨gvb?
ii. RNA cwjgv‡iR K Avjy L KPz
21. DÏxcKwU
iii. DNA cwjgv‡iR i. AvwK©‡Mvwbqvg m„wó K‡i
M kmv N †e¸b
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? ii. exR aviY K‡i
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 15 I 16 bs
iii. †mvivm enb K‡i
K i I ii L i I iii cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
A
K i I ii L i I iii
6. Rxe‡bi †fŠZ wfwË †KvbwU?
K †cÖv‡UvcøvRg L mvB‡UvcøvRg M ii I iii N i, ii I iii

M wbDwK¬IcøvRg N DIcøvRg 22. †µem P‡µ 3NADH + H+ + 1FADH2 +

D B
1GTP = KZwU ATP?
7. †Kvl wefvRbKv‡j gvKzZš‘ ˆZwi‡Z
K 10 L 12
mvnvh¨ K‡i †Kvb †Kvlxq A½vYy?
K ivB‡ev‡mvg L †mw›UªIj M 14 N 18
C
M gvB‡UvKwÛªqv N jvB‡mv‡mvg 23. †KvbwU AvYweK Ku v wP bv‡g cwiwPZ?
15. DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Îi †Kvb `kvq DNA AYyi K cøvRwgW L jvB‡MR GbRvBg
8. me©gyL civMavbx †Kvb Dw™¢‡` cvIqv hvq? †iwcø‡Kkb nq?
M †iw÷ªKkb GbRvBg N cÖvB‡gR
K Rev L avb KA LB
M †Xuom N Kvc©vm MC ND
24. wb‡Pi †KvbwU g¨v‡µv‡gŠj?
K Cl L Cu
16. wP‡Îi D ch©vqwU‡Z M Mg N Mn
i. gvB‡µvwUDweDj ˆZwii m~Pbv nq
25. †cøU fvRK wUmy¨i D`vniY
ii. 20  30% mgq e¨q nq K cvZv L Kv‡Ði g¾v
iii. ATP ˆZwi nq M K‡U©· N †iYy_wj
 34

†mU : L wm‡jU †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 8

mgq20 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb15
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó
Dˇii e„ËwU ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. Cycas Gi g~j †`n †Kvb ai‡bi? N e„nr I 1wU d¬¨v‡Rjv 19. DNA AYyi cu¨vP Lyj‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i wb‡Pi
K M¨v‡g‡UvdvBwUK L †¯úv‡ivdvBwUK 10. cywói AfveRwbZ †Kv‡li g„Zz¨‡K Kx †Kvb GbRvBg?
M _¨v‡jvdvBwUK N eªv‡qvdvBwUK e‡j? K †nwj‡KR L cwjgv‡iR
K A¨v‡cvcUwmm L Uw·K‡Uvwmm
2. UzB‡÷W I fvj‡fU Gw÷‡fkb †`Lv hvq M jvB‡MR N AvB‡mvgv‡iR
M wbD‡UªvUcwmm N †b‡µvwmm 20. mgvwß †KvWb wb‡`©k K‡i bv †KvbwU?
†Kvb Dw™¢‡`?
11. cøvRgv‡gg‡eªb Gi LuvR m„wói Rb¨ `vqx K UAA L UAG
K avb L Mg
K A¨vKwUb I gv‡qvwmb M UGA N AUG
M Rev N †cqviv
L A¨vKwUb I wbqvwmb 21. Rxe‡Kv‡li †cÖvwUb MVbKvix A¨vgvB‡bv
3. K¨vwiIcwmm dj †Kvb †Mv‡Îi ˆewkó¨?
M gv‡qvwmb I wbqvwmb GwmW †gvU KZwU?
K Malvaceae L Lilliaceae
N A¨vKwUb I mvB‡Uvwmb K 30 L 25
M Poaceae N Tilliaceae
12. wn‡÷vb †cÖvwUb ms‡køl nq †KvlP‡µi M 20 N 15
4. B›Uvi‡dib wbtm„Z nq
†Kvb `kvq?  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 22 I 14
K gv÷ †Kvl n‡Z K G-1 `kv L G-2 `kv bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
L e¨vK‡Uwiqv AvµvšÍ †Kvl n‡Z M S `kv N M `kv
M K¨vÝvi †Kvl n‡Z  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU †`L Ges 13 I 14 bs Q
N fvBivm AvµvšÍ †Kvl n‡Z cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
5. wUmy¨ KvjPvi cÖwµqv †k‡l cvIqv hvq c¨v‡i›U wbe©vPb  K…wÎg ¯^civMvqb 
i. †ivMgy³ Pviv 22. DÏxc‡Ki Q AskwU‡Z msMwVZ cÖwµqvq
R  F1 eskai|
ii. ûeû gvZ…-¸Yv¸Ym¤úbœ Pviv i. wRbMZ cÖKiY m„wó nq
13. DÏxc‡Ki R av‡c †Kvb cÖwµqv nq?
iii. ¯^í mgq I ¯’v‡b AwaK Pviv ii. µwmsIfvi N‡U
K µwms L †j‡ewjs
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? iii. wm÷vi †µvgvwU‡Wi Ask wewbgq
M Bgv¯‹z‡jkb N e¨vwMs
K i I ii L ii I iii wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
14. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqv †k‡l Kx cvIqv hvq?
Mi I iii N i, ii I iii K gvZ…¸Yv¸Ym¤úbœ RvZ K i I ii L ii I iii
6. cøvRwgW Gi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ bq †KvbwU? L D”P djbkxj RvZ Mi I iii N i, ii I iii
K e„ËvKvi DNA M n¨vcø‡qW RvZ 23. DÏxc‡Ki Q cÖwµqvi ïiæ‡Z hv nq
L ¯^í wRb enb K‡i N cwjcøqWx RvZ i. wmb¨vcwmm
M GK m~ÎK DNA enb K‡i 15. wb‡Pi †KvbwU DNA fvBivm? ii. evB‡f‡j›U m„wó
N wØ-m~ÎK DNA enb K‡i K T2 L TMV iii. †UUªvW m„wó
M Flavi virus N Covid-19 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
7. †iw÷ªKkb GbRvBg bq †KvbwU?
16. †Kvl cÖvPx‡ii ga¨c`©vi MVb cÖwµqv †Kvl K i I ii L ii I iii
K Eco RI L Hind III
wefvR‡bi †Kvb `kv †_‡K ïiæ nq?
M Hpa-II N All-PQ Mi I iii N i, ii I iii
K †cÖv‡dR L †U‡jv‡dR
8. MøvB‡KvjvBwmm cÖwµqvq 1 AYy Møy‡KvR 24. g¨v‡jwiqv RxevYyi †hŠb Rb‡b mPj I
M †gUv‡dR N A¨vbv‡dR
†_‡K KZ AYy cvBiæwfK GwmW ˆZwi nq? j¤^vK…wZi RvB‡Mv‡Ui bvg Kx?
17. ivB‡ev‡mv‡gi ivmvqwbK Dcv`vb †KvbwU?
K 2 L 3 K DNA L wjwcW
K †¯úv‡ivR‡qU L DIwm÷
M 4 N 5 M DIwK‡bU N RvB‡MvU
M RNA N kK©iv
9. Cycas Gi ïµvYyi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ †KvbwU? 25. T2 fvBiv‡mi DNA †Z †gvU KZwU wRb
18. wb‡Pi †KvbwU gvB‡UvKwÛªqvi Ab¨ bvg
K e„nr I d¬¨v‡Rjvwenxb bq? _v‡K?
L ÿz`ª I d¬¨v‡Rjvhy³ K mvi‡Kv‡mvg L wdjv K 80wU L 90wU
M ev‡qveøv÷ N gvB‡Uveøv÷ M 120wU N 150wU
M e„nr I eûd¬¨v‡Rjvhy³
 35

†mU : N ewikvj †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 8

mgq20 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb15
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
1. wb‡Pi †Kvb Dw™¢`wU D”P ZvcgvÎvq 10. RNA †K nvB‡WªvjvBwmm Ki‡j cvIqv 16. wb‡Pi †Kvb AYyRx‡ei Kvi‡Y DÏxc‡Ki
mv‡jvKms‡kølY Ki‡Z cv‡i? hvq mv‡ii Afve c~iY n‡e?
K Bÿz L avb K wWAw· ivB‡evR L wn‡÷vb K Basillum L Clostridium
M Streptococcus N Rhizobium
M he N evwj© M _vBwgb N BDivwmj
17. DwjøwLZ cÖKv‡ii AYyRx‡ei cÖRb‡bi
2. wUmy¨ KvjPv‡ii cÖv_wgK wgwWqv‡g wb‡Pi 11. GKwU bZzb ms‡køwlZ DNA ÷ª¨v‡Û A = C
†Kvb Dcv`vbwU _vKv cÖ‡qvRb? cÖavb I `ªæZZi Dcvq n‡jv
†em †cqvi †`Lv †Mj K gyK‡z jv`Mg L wØ-wefvRb
K †cÖvwUb L wMømvij
i. GLv‡b A = T n‡j mwVK n‡Zv M MwbwWqv N UªvÝdi‡gkb
M g¨vj‡UvR N myK‡ivR
ii. DNA cwjgv‡iR-III Gi fz‡ji 18. †Uªv‡dvR‡qU  wmM‡bU wis  A 
3. wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA cÖhyw³ cÖwµqvq
Kvi‡Y GUv n‡q‡Q mvBR›U  †g‡ivR‡qU
i. cøvRwg‡Wi cÖ‡qvRb nq
iii. wi‡cqvi Kg‡cø· Zv ¯^vfvweKfv‡e A av‡c wb‡Pi †Kvb c`v_©wU ˆZwi nq?
ii. Aí mg‡q AwaK Pviv Drcv`b Kiv
ms‡kvab K‡i †`q K wn‡gvjvBwmb L wn‡gvR‡qb
m¤¢e nq
iii. Rx‡ei wR‡bvUvBc cwieZ©b Kiv nq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M jvB‡mv‡jwmw_b N cvB‡iv‡Rb

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I iii L ii I iii 19. bMœexRx Dw™¢‡`i

K i I ii L ii I iii M i I ii N i, ii I iii K Mf©vkq †bB wKš‘ Mf©gyÐ Av‡Q

M i I iii N i, ii I iii 12. †Kvl P‡µi †Kvb av‡ci wbDwK¬qvm‡K L k¦vm wWcø‡qW
wecvKxq wbDwK¬qvm e‡j? M mvaviYZ AvwK©‡Mvwbqv m„wó nq
4. wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA cÖhyw³‡Z wb‡Pi †Kvb
K †cÖ v ‡dR L B›Uvi‡dR N †d¬v‡qg wUmy¨‡Z m½x †Kvl _v‡K
AYyRxe e¨vcKfv‡e e¨en„Z nq?
K Azotobactor L Pseudomonas M †gUv‡dR N †cÖv-†gUv‡dR 20. cvj‡Ki b¨vq Mf©gyÐ _v‡K wb‡Pi †Kvb
M Clostridium N E. coli Dw™¢‡`?
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 13 bs cÖ‡kœi
K †Kbvd L gUiïwU
DËi `vI :
M jvjkvK N evwj©
wkÿK K¬v‡m ej‡jb, ÒGB cÖKvi
21. wb‡Pi †KvbwU m~PbvKvix †KvWb?
avc- ÔAÕ avc- ÔBÕ wefvR‡bi d‡j †µv‡gv‡mv‡gi ¯^Zš¿ K AUG L UUU
5. avc-B †Z wb‡Pi †KvbwU e¨en„Z n‡q‡Q? web¨vm N‡U|Ó M UAG N UGA
K DNA ligase L ECoRI  wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K 22 I 23 bs cÖ‡kœi
M Helicase 13. DÏxc‡K wb‡`©wkZ †Kvl wefvR‡bi d‡j
K ˆ`wnK e„w× N‡U DËi `vI :
N Reverse transcriptase
6. avc-B Gi e¨env‡ii gva¨‡g L Rxe‡`‡n m„ó ÿZ¯’vb c~iY nq A
i. GMO ˆZwi Kiv nq M Rx‡e ˆewkó¨MZ cwieZ©b mvwaZ nq
ii. wUmy¨ KvjPv‡ii G·cøv›U msM„nxZ nq N †Kv‡li cybiærcv`b N‡U
iii. †R‡bwUK BwÄwbqvwis cÖwµqv P‡j  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 14 bs cÖ‡kœi 22. A Ask †Kvb ai‡bi †Kvl w`‡q MwVZ?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K c¨v‡ibKvBgv L †¯‹¬‡ibKvBgv
DËi `vI :
K i I ii L ii I iii M †Kv‡jbKvBgv N †cÖv‡RbKvBgv
mvRyi †cu‡c †ÿ‡Z KvÐ, cvZvi †evUv I
M i I iii N i, ii I iii 23. wb‡Pi †Kvb Dw™¢`vs‡k A †`Lv hvq?
d‡j cvwb-wm³ Mvp meyR wis m„wó n‡q‡Q|
K g~j L cvZv
7. ga¨c`©vq AwaK cwigv‡Y _v‡K 14. GUv Kx NwUZ †ivM?
K †ccwUK GwmW L †mjy‡jvR M KvÐ N dzj
K QÎvK L Plasmodium
M MøvB‡Kv‡cÖvwUb N wjMwbb 24. cÎiܪ †Lv‡j hLb
M e¨v‡±wiqv N fvBivm
8. †Kvb mvB‡UvcøvRgxq A½vYywU wSwjøe× 15. i. iÿx‡Kv‡l K+ cÖ‡ek K‡i
fvBiv‡mi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK bq?
A½vYy bq? ii. †Kv‡l CO2 Gi cwigvY †e‡o hvq
K DNA I RNA Dfq cÖKvi wbDwK¬K
K MjwR ewW L ivB‡ev‡mvg iii. iÿx‡Kvl †_‡K mwµqfv‡e H+ †ei
GwmW _v‡K n‡q hvq
M jvB‡mv‡mvg N cvi Aw·‡mvg
L ˆ`wnK e„w× †bB wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M cwi‡e‡ki DÏxcbvq mvov †`q bv K i I ii L ii I iii
B
A
N †KjvwmZ Kiv hvq M i I iii N i, ii I iii
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 16 I 17 bs 25. K¨vjwfb Pµ †Kv_vq msNwUZ nq?
9. DÏxc‡Ki A As‡k wb‡Pi †Kvb c`v_©wU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K †K¬v‡ivcøv‡÷i †÷ªvgv‡Z
_v‡K bv? iwng BDwiqv mvi e¨envi bv Kivi Rb¨ L †K¬v‡ivcøv‡÷i _vBjvK‡q‡W
K ivB‡ev‡mvg L iÄK c`v_© avb KvUvi ci Rwg‡Z gmyi Wvj Pvl M mvB‡UvcøvR‡g
M wbDwK¬K GwmW N k¦mwbK GbRvBg Ki‡jv| N gvB‡UvKwÛªqvi g¨vwUª‡·
 36

†mU : M w`bvRcyi †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 8

mgq20 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb15
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. av‡bi †µv‡gv‡Rvg msL¨v KZ? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? A
K 24 L 28 K i I ii L i I iii B (50S)
M 40 N 42 M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
2. mv‡jvKms‡køl‡Yi wjwgwUs d¨v±i n‡jv 9. DNA †_‡K mRNA ˆZwii cÖwµqv‡K Kx 18. Dc‡ii wP‡Î A Gi gvb KZ 'S' n‡e?
i. LwbR jeY cwi‡kvlY ejv nq? K 30 L 40
ii. Av‡jvi ZxeªZv K †iwcø ‡ Kkb L wgD‡Ukb M 60 N 70
iii. CO2 Gi NbZ¡ M UªvÝwµckb N Uªv݇jkb  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 19 I 20 bs
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 10. mv‡jvKms‡køl‡Y e¨en„Z Av‡jvi me‡P‡q cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K i I ii L i I iii Kvh©Kix eY©vjx †KvbwU?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K meyR L †e¸wb
M jvj N njy`
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 3 I 4 bs
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 11. Uª v ݇RwbK †K¬ v fvi Nv‡m wb‡Pi †Kvb 19. wb‡Pi 'D' wPwýZ As‡ki bvg Kx?
2 AYy Acetyl Co-A Dcv`vbwU Drcv`bKvix wRb ms‡hvRb Kiv K wUDweDjm L wm÷viwb
n‡q‡Q? M †fwmK&j N f¨vKzIj
K mvjdvi L Avqib 20. Dc‡ii wP‡Îi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv
'X' Pµ M wRsK N Kcvi i. jvB‡mv‡mvg MVb K‡i
12. AevZ k¦m‡bi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ ii. †Kvl‡cøU ˆZwi K‡i
3. DÏxc‡Ki ˆRe AYy 'X' P‡µ cÖ‡ek Ki‡j i. j¨vKwUK GwmW ˆZwi nq
KZ AYy NADH2 Drcbœ nq? iii. d¨v‡MvmvB‡Uvwm‡m mnvqZv K‡i
ii. B‡÷ cÖwµqvwU msNwUZ nq
K3 L6 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
iii. Aw·‡R‡bi cÖ‡qvRb nq
M9 N 12 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii
4. DÏxc‡Ki 'X' PµwU K i I ii L i I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
i. `yB AYy CO2 Drcbœ K‡i M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 21. wb‡Pi †KvbwU BgvwR© s fvBivm?
ii. gvB‡UvKwÛªqvq N‡U  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 13 I 14 bs K BMV L HIV
iii. 2 AYy FADH2 Drcbœ K‡i M TMV N TIV
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? g¨v‡jwiqv ciRxexi gkKxi †`‡n msNwUZ 22. av‡b †Kvb ai‡bi dj †`Lv hvq?
K i I ii L i I iii †hŠb Rb‡bi mgqKvj‡K `ywU ch©v‡q fvM K K¨vcmyj L †ewi
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii Kiv hvq : h_v (K) M¨vwg‡Uv‡Mvwb Ges M wmwjKzqv N K¨vwiAc&wmm
5. LwbR jeY cwi‡kvl‡Yi †ÿ‡Î mvB‡Uvµg (L) †¯úv‡iv‡Mvwb| 23. Malvaceae †Mv‡Î cvIqv hvq
cv¤ú aviYvi cÖe³v †K? 13. DÏxc‡Ki ÔLÕ ch©v‡q wb‡Pi †Kvb MVbwUi i. gy³ cvk¦©xq DccÎ
K †e‡bU K¬vK© L RR© †Wvbvb m„wó nq? ii. GK¸”QK cys‡Kki
M jyb‡WMo N Gm. Bgvgyiv K M¨v‡gU L RvB‡MvU iii. Aÿxq Agiv web¨vm
P M DIwK‡bU N †¯úv‡ivR‡qU wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
d«z‡±vR-6-dm‡dU  d«z‡±vR-1, 6-
wem dm‡dU 14. DÏxc‡Ki ÔKÕ ch© v ‡qi ˆewkó¨ K i I ii L i I iii
6. Dc‡ii 'P' wPwýZ ¯’v‡b †Kvb GbRvBg i. gkKxi µz ‡ ci Af¨šÍ ‡i N‡U M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wµqvkxj _vK‡e? ii. ¯¿ x M¨v‡g‡U †KvY m„ w ó nq  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 24 I 25 bs
iii. G·d¬v‡R‡jkb m¤úbœ nq
K dm‡dvd«z‡±vKvB‡bR L A¨vj‡Wv‡jR cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M AvB‡mvgv‡iR
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii
G·cøv›U wbe©vPb  Avev` gva¨g ˆZwi
N dm‡dvwMømv‡ivwgD‡UR
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii  A  B  C  D  Pviv
 wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi
15. gvB‡Uvwmm †Kvl wefvR‡bi †Kvb av‡c U‡e ¯’vbvšÍi|
DËi `vI :
w¯úÛj h‡š¿i m„wó nq? 24. DÏxc‡Ki A avc †KvbwU?
K †cÖv‡dR L †cÖv-†gUv‡dR
K K¨vjvm m„wó L RxevYygy³KiY
M †gUv‡dR N A¨vbv‡dR
M wgwWqv‡g G·cøv›U ¯’vcb
16. †nv‡gv‡jvMvm †µv‡gv‡mv‡gi †Rvo euvavi
N g~j m„wó
cÖwµqv‡K Kx ejv nq?
7. DÏxc‡Ki fv¯‹zjvi evÛ‡ji bvg Kx? K KvqvRgv L evB‡f‡j›U 25. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvi cÖ‡qvM
K mgcvk¦x© q gy³ L mgwØcvk¦©xq i. †ivMgy³ Dw™¢` m„wó
M wmb¨vcwmm N µwms Ifvi
M Aixq N n¨v‡Wªv‡mw›UªK 17. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †K¬v‡ivcøv‡÷i KvR? ii. Uªv݇RwbK Dw™¢` Drcv`b
8. D³ fv¯‹zjvi evÛj cvIqv hvq K Lv`¨ mÂq Kiv iii. wejyßcÖvq Dw™¢` msiÿY
i. jvD L ex‡Ri we¯Ív‡i mvnvh¨ Kiv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ii. Kzgov M Lv`¨ cÖ¯‘Z Kiv K i I ii L i I iii
iii. Wªvwmbv N Mø‡y KvR‡K †k¦Zmv‡i cwiYZ Kiv M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 37

†mU : M gqgbwmsn †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 8

mgq20 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb15
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z ¯úvBK‡jU ai‡bi 8. ÔKÕ wPÎwUi †ÿ‡Î †µv‡gv‡mv‡gi Giƒc 17. AevZ k¦m‡b Møy‡KvR †f‡½ Kx Drcbœ K‡i?
cy®úgÄwi Av‡Q? web¨vm nIqv‡K Kx e‡j? K CO2 I B_vBj A¨vj‡Kvnj
K Rev L †Xuom K †gUvKvB‡bwmm L K¨vwiIKvB‡bwmm L diwgK A¨vwmW I CO2
M cvU N avb M mvB‡UvKvB‡bwmm N B›UviKvB‡bwmm M B_vBj A¨vj‡Kvnj I H2O
9. ÔKÕ wP‡Îi †µv‡gv‡mvg msL¨v 16 n‡j ÔLÕ N CO2 I H2O
P
wP‡Îi cieZ© x av‡c AcZ¨ †Kv‡l 18. GKwU wRb‡K `ªæZ eû Kwc wR‡b cwiYZ
†µv‡gv‡mvg msL¨v KZ n‡e? Kiv hvq †Kvb c×wZ‡Z?
K4 L8 K wi‡cÖvWvw±f †K¬vwbs
2. wP‡Î ÔPÕ wPwýZ AskwUi mv‡_ wb‡Pi †Kvb M 16 N 32 L wUmy¨ KvjPvi
kvixie„Ëxq cÖwµqv RwoZ? 10. †µv‡gv‡mv‡gi Lv‡Uv I †gvUv nIqv‡K e‡j M wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA cÖhyw³
K k¦mb L cÖ‡¯^`b K wmb¨vcwmm L evBf¨v‡j›U N PCR
M mv‡jvKms‡kølY N Dc‡ii me¸‡jv M A¨v‡cvc‡Uvwmm N Kb‡Wb‡mmb 19. wb‡Pi †Kvb ˆewk󨸇jv Uªv݇RwbK Dw™¢`
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 3 I 4 bs 11. wb‡Pi †KvbwU GKwU DNA fvBivm? m„wó‡Z SuywK m„wó K‡i?
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K †ncvUvBwUm-we i. wRbMZ `~lY m„wó‡Z
wg. ÔKÕ e¨envwiK K¬v‡m GKwU bgybvi L wPKzb¸wbqv ii. A¨vjvwR©i KviY wn‡m‡e
ch©‡eÿY K‡i †`L‡jv †gUvRvB‡jg M †W½y iii. Rx‡e Uw·K cÖfve m„wó‡Z
†K‡›`ªi w`‡K, fv¯‹zjvi evÛj 9wU Ges N †Uvev‡Kv †gvRvBK wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
wKQz GK‡Kvlx †ivg Av‡Q|  wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K 12 I 13 bs cÖ‡kœi K i I ii L i I iii
3. bgybvwU DËi `vI : M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K GKexRcÎx g~j L GKexRcÎx KvÐ 20. †KvbwU‡K Nvm †MvÎ ejv nq?
M wØexRcÎx g~j N wØexRcÎx KvÐ
5 3 K †mvjv‡bwm L mvBK¨v‡Wwm
wjWvi †UªBjvi M gvj‡fwm N †cv‡qwm
4. ch©‡ewÿZ ˆewk󨸇jv Kxfv‡e Dw™¢`wU‡K
12. wP‡Îi e¯‘wU DNA n‡Z †h cÖwµqvq Drcbœ 21. wµ‡ÞvR‡qU †Kv_v n‡Z Lv`¨ msMÖn K‡i?
euvwP‡q ivL‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i?
nq Zv‡K Kx e‡j? K R. B. C L W. B. C
i. cvwb I LwbR jeY cwienb K‡i
K †iwcø‡Kkb L UªvÝwµckb M hK…Z †Kvl N jvjv MÖwš’
ii. cÖ¯‘ZK…Z Lvevi cwienb K‡i
M Uªv݇jkb N wifvm© UªvÝwµckb  wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K 22 I 23 bs cÖ‡kœi
iii. Lv`¨ cÖ¯‘Z K‡i
13. wPÎwUi †ÿ‡Î †Kvb Dw³wU mwVK? DËi `vI :
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i. g‡bvwmm‡UªvwbK n‡j GKwU †cÖvwUb
K i I ii L ii I iii
ˆZwii ms‡KZ enb K‡i
M i I iii N i, ii I iii ii. cwjwmm‡UªvwbK n‡j GKvwaK †cÖvwUb
5. C4 P‡µ CO2 Gi MÖnxZv †K? ˆZwii ms‡KZ enb K‡i
K ivBey‡jvR wemdm‡dU iii. †R‡bwUK evZ©v mvB‡UvcøvRg n‡Z 22. wP‡Î ÔRÕ AskwU GKwU
L dm‡dvB‡bvj cvBiæwfK GwmW wbDwK¬qv‡m wb‡q hvq K e¨vK‡Uwiqv L fvBivm
M A·vwjK GwmW wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M QÎvK N A¨vw±‡bvgvBwmwUm
N 3-dm‡dvwMømvivwìnvBW K i I ii L ii I iii
6. k¦m‡b Aw·‡R‡bi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z ADP n‡Z 23. DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Î
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
i. ÔPÕ AveiYwU †cÖvwUb wbwg©Z
ATP ˆZwii cÖwµqv †KvbwU?  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 14 I 15 bs
ii. ÔRÕ As‡k fvBivj DNA Gi
K d‡Uvdm‡dvivB‡jkb cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
L d‡Uvwm‡š’wmm
Abywjcb N‡U
wg. ÔKÕ `ywU Mv‡Qi g‡a¨ µm NUv‡bvi c~‡e©
iii. ÔRÕ †KvlwU †kl av‡c weMwjZ nq
M dm‡dvivB‡jkb GKwU Mv‡Qi cys‡Kki mwi‡q †dj‡jb|
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N Aw·‡WwUf dm‡dvivB‡jkb 14. wg. ÔKÕ Gi c×wZwUi bvg Kx?
K i I ii L ii I iii
7. DNA- Gi g‡bvgvi‡K ejv nq K ¯^civMvqb L Bgv¯‹z‡jkb
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
K wWAw·ivB‡evwbDwK¬IUvBW M nvBweªWvB‡Rkb N e¨vwMs
15. wg. ÔKÕ DwjøwLZ NUbvwU †Kb NUv‡jb? 24. Cycas Gi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
L ivB‡evwbDwK¬IUvBW
i. UªvÝwdDkb wUmy¨i Dcw¯’wZ
M cwjivB‡ev‡Rvg i. dzjwU‡K ¯¿x dz‡j cwiYZ Kivi Rb¨
ii. n¨vcø‡qW k‡m¨i m„wó
N wbDwK¬K GwmW ii. ¯^civMvqb bv NUvi Rb¨
iii. †Kvivj‡qW g~‡ji Dcw¯’wZ
 wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K 8 I 9 bs cÖ‡kœi iii. ¯^-civMx dz‡j cwiYZ Kivi Rb¨
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
DËi `vI : K i I ii L ii I iii
K i I ii L ii I iii
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
16. mv‡jvKms‡køl‡Yi Av‡jvK ch©v‡q Drcbœ 25. M‡gi ˆeÁvwbK bvg Kx?
gvB‡Uvwmm
K Hordeum vulgare
nq †KvbwU? L Zea mays
K cvwb I kK©iv L ATP I kK©iv M Saccharum officinarum
K L M NADP I kK©iv N NADPH2 I ATP N Triticum aestivum
 38

mKj †ev‡W©i
kxl©¯v’ bxq K‡jR mg~‡ni cÖkc
œ Î
 39

wgR©vcyi K¨‡WU K‡jR, Uv½vBj welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1 wb‡Pi wPθ‡jv jÿ Ki 5  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
Dw™¢` ˆewkó¨
MÖæc
KvÐgq G‡Ûv¯úvg© dj ˆZwi †f‡mj
X Y Z X Ges n¨vcø‡qW nq bv †Kvl _v‡K
K. cøvR‡gv‡WmgvUv Kx? 1 eûel©Rxex bv
L. ivB‡ev‡mvg‡K me©Rbxb A½vYy ejv nq †Kb? e¨vL¨v kvLvwš^Z dzj Aÿxq dj
Ki| 2 Y Ges cÂgvskK Agivweb¨vm K¨vcmyj/
M. X-Gi MvVwbK ˆewkó¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 eûel©Rxex †ewi
N. Rxe‡`‡n Y I Z Gi Zvrch© we‡kølY Ki| 4 †flR Ges dzj G¨skK g~jxq dj
Z
2 wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki GKel© R xex Agivweb¨vm K¨vwiAcwmm
K. †Kvivj‡qW g~j Kx? 1
2n L. Cycas-†K RxešÍ Rxevk¥ ejv nq †Kb? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
2n
M. X MÖæ‡ci Dw™¢` Kxfv‡e eske„w× K‡i| 3
2n
N. gvbe Kj¨v‡Y Y Ges Z †Mv‡Îi Dw™¢‡`i A_©‰bwZK
P Q
¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
K. wecvKxq wbDwK¬qvm Kv‡K e‡j? 1
L. gvby‡li †Kvl wefvR‡b †KvlP‡µi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Kx? 6  M = C6H12O6  CH3COCOOH
N = C6H12O6  C2H5OH + ATP
e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
K. EMP c_ Kx? 1
M. P cÖwµqv mwVKfv‡e KvR bv Ki‡j gvbe‡`‡n Kx
cwieZ©b NU‡e? 3 L. cv¯‘i cÖfve ej‡Z Kx eyS? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. M I N cÖwµqvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Av‡jvPbv Ki| 3
N. Q cÖwµqvi ¸iæZ¡ Rxe‡`‡n ˆewPΨZv ˆZwi K‡i
N. evsjv‡`‡ki wkí‡ÿ‡Î N cÖwµqvi ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
3 A GKwU †Kvlxq A½vYy hvi Kvi‡Y gvbe‡`‡n wjfvi 7 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
wm‡ivwmm nq| Ab¨ GK cÖKvi A A½vYy †cu‡c Pv‡li X = RVBP + CO2  (1)  (2)  (3)  (4)
 RVBP
D‡jøL‡hvM¨ ÿwZ K‡i| Ab¨w`‡K Rxe B GK‡Kvlx cÖK…wZi
hv gvbe Kj¨v‡Y DcKvix Ges ÿwZKi Dfq f‚wgKv iv‡L| K. d‡Uvdm‡dvivB‡jkb Kx? 1
K. wcÖqb Kx? 1 L. ATP Ges NADPH + H †K †Kb D”P kw³ AYy ejv
+

L. E.coli †K Av`x‡Kvlx AYyRxe ejv nq †Kb? e¨vL¨v nq? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2

Ki| 2 M. DÏxc‡Ki X cÖwµqvq †`Lv‡bv 1  4 avc¸‡jv e¨vL¨v
M. Kxfv‡e A A½vYy evsjv‡`‡ki †cu‡c Pv‡li ÿwZ K‡i? Ki| 3
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 N. evsjv‡`‡ki km¨ Drcv`‡b X cÖwµqvi ¸iæZ¡ e¨vL¨v
N. ÒRxe B gvbe Kj¨v‡Y DcKvix Ges ÿwZKi Dfq Ki| 4
f‚wgKv iv‡LÓ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 8 wb‡Pi wPθ‡jv jÿ Ki
4 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
gvbe‡`‡n Rxeb Pµ
C = gkKxi
A = gvby‡li hK…r
AYyRxe †`‡n
B = gvby‡li †jvwnZ
RxebPµ K. UwUc‡UwÝ Kx? 1
i³KwYKv
K. ciRxweZv Kx? 1 L. bZzb dm‡ji RvZ cÖKv‡ki Rb¨ RxewbivcËv weavb
L. HIV †K BgvwR©s fvBivm ejv nq †Kb? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 cÖ‡qvRb †Kb? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. gvbe‡`‡n A avcwUi cÖwµqv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 M. Zzwg Kxfv‡e DÏxc‡Ki c×wZ e¨envi K‡i wejyßcÖvq
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ AYyRxewUi RxebP‡µ C cÖwµqv Dw™¢` cÖRvwZ msiÿY Ki‡e? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
mdjfv‡e m¤úbœ Ki‡Z B Gi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv e¨vL¨v N. ÒDÏxc‡K †`Lv‡bv cÖwµqvwU Dbœqbkxj km¨ Drcv`‡b
Ki| 4 mvnvh¨ K‡iÓ  e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
 40

gqgbwmsn Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

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†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki K. †g‡mv‡mvg Kx? 1
L. cøvR‡gvwWqv‡gi RxebP‡µ Rbyµg †Kb ¸iæZ¡c~Y©? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' wP‡Îi 'P' AskwUi ivmvqwbK c`v‡_©i
MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
wPÎ : A N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ 'B', 'A' Øviv aŸsm n‡ZI cv‡i
K. wnj wewµqv Kx? 1 Avevi bvI n‡Z cv‡i we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. ivB‡ev‡mv‡gi ¸iæZ¡ wjL| 2
M. DÏxc‡K cÖ`wk©Z wPÎwUi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 6  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki
N. RxeRM‡Zi Rb¨ DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ A½vYywU Kxfv‡e P
¸iæZ¡c~Y© Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
2 wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki Q
n
n
2n
n wPÎ-M wPÎ-N
2n
n K. Gwc‡eøgv Kx? 1
2n n
2n n L. wjwgwUs d¨v±i ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
wPÎ-G wPÎ-H M. 'P' Ges 'Q' wPwýZ As‡ki mgš^‡q MwVZ wUmy¨Z‡š¿i
K. K¨vwiIKvB‡bwmm Kx? 1 †kÖwYwefvM Av‡jvPbv Ki| 3
L. n«vmg~jK wefvRb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 N. DÏxcK 'M' Ges 'N' †h Dw™¢`vs‡k cvIqv hvq Zv‡`i
M. wPÎ-G Gi wØZxq av‡ci mwPÎ eY©bv `vI| 3 ga¨Kvi cv_©K¨ wjL| 4
N. wPÎ-H G D‡jøwLZ `kvi wRbMZ ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4 7 Dw™¢‡`i e„wׇZ GKai‡bi wUmy¨ f‚wgKv iv‡L| Gme wUmy¨
3 mšÍvb‡`i †Pnvivi g‡a¨ †ewki fvM †ÿ‡ÎB evev-gvi MVb I
ˆewk‡ó¨i wgkÖY cwijwÿZ nq| †_‡K m„ó GK ai‡bi wUmy¨Zš¿ Dw™¢‡` cvwb, Lv`¨ I LwbR
K. A¨vgvB‡Uvwmm Kx? 1 jeY cwienb K‡i|
L. gvB‡UvwUK Bb‡W· ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 K. w÷wj Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ evev-gvi Pwi‡Îi wgkÖY NUv‡bv L. GÛvK© ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
A½vYyi MVb‰ewkó¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z wUmy¨i Ae¯’vb Abymv‡i wPÎmn
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †Kvb c×wZ msMV‡bi Rb¨ mšÍvb‡`i g‡a¨
ˆewk‡ó¨i wgkÖY cwijwÿZ nq? we‡kølY Ki| 4 †kÖwYweb¨vm Ki| 3
4 cÖ‡dmi Aveyj Kvjvg `yB ai‡bi AYyRxe 'A' Ges 'B' N. DÏxc‡Ki wUmy¨Zš¿ MVbKvix wUmy¨mg~‡ni web¨vm wewfbœ
Av‡jvPbv KiwQ‡jb| 'A' AYyRxewU‡Z †Kvb ai‡bi †Kvlxq Dw™¢‡` GKB Kx? hyw³ `vI| 4
A½vYy †bB| 'B' AYyRxewU‡Z ïaygvÎ ivB‡ev‡mvg Dcw¯’Z| 8 wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki
K. e¨vK‡Uwiqv Kx? 1
L. e¨vK‡Uwiqv †Kb Avw`‡Kvlx Rxe? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki eY©bvbyhvqx Av`k© 'B' †Kv‡li wPwýZ wPÎ
AuvK| 3
N. DÏxc‡K cÖ`wk©Z AYyRxe 'A' †ivM m„wó Ges †ivM
wbivgq Dfq †ÿ‡ÎB f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i we‡kølY
Ki| 4 wPÎ-A wPÎ-B
5 wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki K. cÖ‡¯^`b Kx? 1
L. nvBWv‡_vW ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
P
M. Dc‡i cÖ`wk©Z DÏxc‡Ki wPÎwUi †Lvjv I eÜ nIqvi
†KŠkj Av‡jvPbv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K cÖ`wk©Z wPÎwUi gva¨‡g †h kvixiZvwË¡K
cÖwµqv N‡U Zvi Kvi‡Y wKQy A‡j e„wócv‡Zi m¤¢vebv
wPÎ-A wPÎ-B
e„w× cvq we¯ÍvwiZ wjL| 4
 41

wSbvB`n K¨v‡WU K‡jR welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

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†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki 5  K Dw™¢‡`i dzj X  De„5e„(5)`5 cys() M(5)
L Dw™¢‡`i dzj Y  cy2, cys3+3 M1
K. cy®úcyU Kx? 1
L. cy®ú cÖZxK AuvK‡Z gvZ…Kÿ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †Kb?  e¨vL¨v
wPÎ-K wPÎ-L
Ki| 2
K. †KvWb Kx? 1
L. †Kv‡li †cÖvwUb d¨v±wi ejv nq †Kvb A½vYy‡K? e¨vL¨v M. gvbe Kj¨v‡Y L †MvÎxq Dw™¢`wU kbv³Ki‡Yi ¸iæZ¡
Ki| 2 e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
M. wPÎ-K I wPÎ-L Gi ga¨Kvi cv_©K¨¸‡jv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 N. K I L †MvÎxq Dw™¢‡`i dz‡ji ˆewPΨ we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. †cÖvwUb ˆZwi‡Z wPÎ-L Gi f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki| 4 6  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
2 Kvgvj `yBwU dzjMvQ msMÖn Ki‡jv| cÖ_g Dw™¢‡`i cvZv j¤^v
I miæ, cÎg~j KvЇK wN‡i iv‡L Ges g~j A¯’vwbK| wØZxq
Dw™¢`wUi AvVv‡jv GKwU eo GKK dzj wQj| †m Zvi
wkÿ‡Ki Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z †P‡qwQj †MvÎ Kxfv‡e †Pbv hvq|
Dˇi wkÿK e‡jwQ‡jb cvZvi ˆewkó¨ I dz‡ji wewfbœ Ask
†`‡L Mv‡Qi †MvÎ †Pbv hvq|
K. †g‡mvwdj wUmy¨ Kx? 1
L. GÛvK© I G·vK© ej‡Z Kx †evS? Ñ e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. D³ MvQ `ywU‡K kvixiZvwË¡Kfv‡e Zzwg Kxfv‡e cv_©K¨ K. gvB‡mwjqvg Kx? 1
Ki‡e?Ñ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 L. _¨v‡jvdvBUv ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2
N. ÔD³ `yBwU †MvÎ †_‡K gvbyl Lvevi †c‡q _v‡KÕÑ
M. DwjøwLZ Dw™¢‡` M¨vwg‡UvdvBwUK `kv we‡kølY Ki| 3
we‡kølY Ki| 4
Møy‡KvR cvBiæwfK A¨vwmW N. wPwýZ wPÎ Gu‡K DwjøwLZ Dw™¢`wUi RxebPµ we‡kølY
3   
K L Ki| 4
K. d‡Uvdm‡dvivB‡jkb Kx? 1 7  A + B  RvB‡MvU  Ewm÷  C (gvbe‡`n)
L. ETS ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2 K. g¨v‡jwiqv Kx? 1
M. Kxfv‡e K †_‡K L ˆZwi nq wPÎ Gu‡K †`LvI| 3
L. e¨vK‡Uwiqv †Kb GKwU Avw`‡Kvlx Rxe? 2
N. L Gi Am¤ú~Y© RviY wkí‡ÿ‡Î eo f‚wgKv iv‡LÑ
M. gkvi †ÿ‡Î weivRgvb A I B `kv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
we‡kølY Ki| 4
4 e¨envwiK K¬v‡m Aa¨vcK mvnv `yBwU wfbœ AYyexÿY h‡š¿ `yBwU N. gvbe‡`‡n I gkKxi †`‡n g¨v‡jwiqv RxevYyi
ˆZwiK…Z wfbœ møvBW K¨v‡WU‡`i †`Lv‡jb| cÖ_g AYyexÿY RxebP‡µi Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4
hš¿wU‡Z †µv‡gv‡mvg¸‡jvi †m‡›Uªvwgqvi welyexq AÂj eivei 8 A- cÎiܪ

mw¾Z Ges wØZxq AYyexÿY hš¿wU‡Z †µvgvwUW¸‡jv X-Gi B- LwbR jeY cwi‡kvlY
g‡Zv K‡i mw¾Z †`L‡Z †c‡jb| K. d‡Uvwm‡÷g Kx? 1
K. mvB‡UvKvB‡bwmm Kx? 1 L. cvwb I LwbR jeY cwi‡kvl‡Yi ga¨Kvi cv_©K¨¸‡jv
L. †Kvl Pµ ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2 †jL| 2
M. cÖ_g I wØZxq AYyexÿYh‡š¿ †`Lv `yBwU møvB‡Wi M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ A-Gi †Lvjv I eÜ nIqvi NUbvwU
cv_©K¨¸‡jv †jL| 3 K+ wKfv‡e wbqš¿Y K‡i? Ñ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. wØZxq gvB‡µv‡¯‹v‡c †`Lv ch©v‡qi ¸iæZ¡ wPÎ Gu‡K N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ B-cÖwµqvwUi AvaywbK gZev`
we‡kølY Ki| 4 we‡kølY Ki| 4
 42

†dbx Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

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1 Rvwib fvewQj GKwU wkï Kxfv‡e cwic~Y© cwiYZ n‡e? †m M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖwKqvwUi GKwU wPwýZ wPÎ A¼b
Zvi eB‡q ch©‡eÿY K‡iwQj Ges †R‡bwQj GwU †Kej Ki| 3
†Kv‡li msL¨ve„w×i gva¨‡gB m¤¢e| †m Gi mgxKiwYK Ges N. K…wl‡ÿ‡Î DwjøwLZ cÖwµqvwUi ¸iæZ¡ i‡q‡Q
n«vmg~jK cÖwµqv m¤ú‡K© †R‡bwQj|
D`vniYmn e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
K. jvB‡mv‡mvg Kx? 1
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M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖwµqvq †Kv‡li cÖ¯‘wZ ch©vq eY©bv A
Ki| 3
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wPÎ : P
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e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 L. ¯úvBK ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
N. wPÎ-P Øviv m„ó GKwU Dw™¢` †ivM Ges GKwU M. wPÎ-X Gi bvg Kx? Gi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
cÖvwY‡iv‡Mi eY©bv `vI| 4 N. k¦m‡bi †Kvb avcwU wPÎ-X Gi AšÍtc`©vq m¤úbœ nq?
3 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki  GwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
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L. k¦mb nvi ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 L. GKexRcÎx Ges wØexRcÎx Kv‡Ði g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ D‡jøL
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvi †Kvb av‡c B‡jKUªb cÖ_g Ae¯’v‡b Ki| 2
wd‡i Av‡m bv Ges †mLv‡b ˆRweK gy`ªv ˆZwi nq|  M. DÏxc‡Ki MVb enbKvx Dw™¢‡`i †hŠbRbb eY©bv Ki| 3
cÖwµqvwU eY©bv Ki| 3 N. DÏxc‡Ki MVb enbKvix Dw™¢` †_‡K Ave„ZRxex Dw™¢`
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwUi D”P I wb¤œ nv‡ii Rb¨ `vqx
DbœZÑ we‡kølY Ki| 4
cÖfveK¸‡jv eY©bv Ki| 4
8 cÖ w µqv-1 cÖ w µqv-2
DNA  DNA  RNA  †cÖvwUb
cÖ w µqv-3
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Bbmywjb †bb| wZwb Rv‡bb GB Bbmywjb †R‡bwUK K. cy®úcyU Kx? 1
BwÄwbqvwis-Gi gva¨‡g ˆZwi nq| L. BKwjcm mgqKvj ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
K. mvB‡K¬vwmm Kx? 1 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖwµqv-3 eY©bv Ki| 3
L. †KvWb ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqv wZbwUi Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4
 43

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†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
ÔKÕ wefvM ÔLÕ wefvM
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02 O2 Z cÖwµqv
X Pµ Y Abycw¯’Z K. RwUj Aw¯’f½ Kx? 1
03 cÖwµqv
H2O L. gvby‡li †`‡ni wewfbœ A‡ji K‡kiæKvi msL¨v I bvg
04 P
CO2 +
P + NADH+H + CH – CO – COOH
3 wjL? 2
K. iæwe‡¯‹v Kx? 1 M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ Rvwi‡di †`‡ni wjfvi
L. d‡Uv‡imwc‡ikb ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 wm‡÷g¸‡jvi Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbv Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡Ki Z cÖvwµqvwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 N. †mZzi ÿwZMÖ¯’ wUmy¨i MvVwbK GKK Gi wPÎmn eY©bv
N. DÏxc‡Ki P Gi Drcv`b, Y cÖwµqvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z Ki| 4
we‡kølY Ki| 4 7  wbDwK¬qvmhy³ †Kvl-A wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii n‡Z cv‡i| A, B †Z
3 DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K wb¤œwjwLZ cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : fvmgvb Ae¯’vq _v‡K| Avevi B, eÿxq cÖ‡Kv‡ô we`¨gvb C
Cry I AC bvgK w·KvYvKvi A‡½i gva¨‡g mviv‡`‡n cwievwnZ nq|
Bt-Cotton
wRb K. wn‡gv‡Møvweb Kx? 1
L. agwb I wkivi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wjL| 2
K. TPA Gi c~Y©iƒc Kx? 1 M. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K C Gi wPwýZ j¤^‡”Q` A¼b Ki| 3
L. PCR ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g jvBbwU wPÎmn e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡Ki wb‡`©wkZ cÖwµqvwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
8  K…òP‚ovi cvZvi mv‡_ AmsL¨ dzj †`Lv hv‡”Q| wKš‘
N. K…wl‡ÿ‡Î DÏxc‡Ki cÖhyw³wUi ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
GwWm‡bi ¯¿x ej‡jv, ÒAv”Qv K…òP‚ovq jvj dzj wKsev meyR
4 wb‡Pi QKwU jÿ Ki :
cvZv Avwg †Zv eyS‡Z cviwQ bvÓ| Gw`‡K GwWmb Zvi ¯¿xi
Dw™¢` MÖæc civMavbx Mf©vkq †÷ªvwejvm
K_v wKQyB ïb‡Z cvi‡Q bv Avevi ej‡ZI cvi‡Q bv|
A me©gyL Dcw¯’Z Abycw¯’Z
K. †U÷ µm Kx? 1
B Abycw¯’Z Abycw¯’Z Dcw¯’Z
L. †g‡Û‡ji mdjZvi KviY¸‡jv wjL| 2
K. RxešÍ Rxevk¥ Kx? 1 M. GwWm‡bi mšÍvb‡`i eY©vÜ nIqvi m¤¢vebv e¨vL¨v
L. Mf©cv` I Mf©kxl© cy‡®úi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wjL| 2
Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ 'A' Dw™¢‡`i dz‡ji cy®úcÖZxK A¼b
N. †g‡ÛwjR‡gi Av‡jv‡K GwWm‡bi A¯^vfvweKZvi KviY
Ki| 3
e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ MÖæc 'B' Gi Rbbv‡½i eY©bv Ki| 4
 44

ivRDK DËiv g‡Wj K‡jR, XvKv welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki 5  A Dw™¢`  cys‡Kki AmsL¨
ˆcÉvwUb B Dw™¢`  cvZv wjwMDj wewkó
K. †R‡bwUK †KvW Kx? 1 K. GMO Kx? 1
L. UªvÝwµckb I Uªv݇jk‡bi g‡a¨ `ywU cv_©K¨ †jL| 2 L. d¬zBW †gvRvBK g‡Wj‡K AvBmevM© g‡Wj ejv nq
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g AYywUi wØm~ÎK MV‡bi wPwýZ wPÎ †Kb? 2
`vI| 3 M. B Dw™¢` †h †Mv‡Îi AšÍ©f³z Zvi cy®úweb¨v‡mi MVb
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g I wØZxq AYyi g‡a¨ ˆemv`„k¨ we‡kølY ˆewkó¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡K A Ges B Dw™¢`Øq †h †h †Mv‡Îi AšÍ©f³ z ,
2 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Zv‡`i ga¨Kvi ˆemv`„k¨ we‡kølY Ki| 4
6  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki

K. B›Uvi‡dR Kx? 1 X Y
L. gvB‡UvwUK Bb‡W· ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 K. G·vK© Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwU msMV‡bi †KŠkj e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 L. cÎiܪ I cvwb-cÎi‡Üªi g‡a¨ `ywU cv_©K¨ †jL| 2
N. RxeRM‡Z DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwUi ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4 M. GKexRcÎx Dw™¢‡`i †ÿ‡Î DÏxc‡Ki X Gi
3 wgZz I †mZz `ywU wfbœ RxevYy Øviv R¡‡i AvµvšÍ| wgZzi RxevYy AšÍM©V‡bi wPwýZ wPÎ AuvK| 3
A‡Kvlxq wKš‘ †mZzi RxevYy †Kvlxq Ges hK…Z I †jvwnZ N. DÏxc‡Ki X I Y Dw™¢‡`i †h †h As‡k cvIqv hvq
i³KwYKv aŸsm K‡i| Zv‡`i GwcWvg©vj I fv¯‹zjvi wUmy¨Z‡š¿i KvR we‡kølY
K. wfi‡qW Kx? 1 Ki| 4
L. fvBiv‡mi `yÕwU Rxexq ˆewkó¨ †jL| 2 7 k¦m‡bi `ywU cÖwµqvi g‡a¨ GKwU‡Z Aw·‡Rb M„nxZ nq I
M. †mZzi RxevYy Kxfv‡e †jvwnZ i³KwYKv aŸsm K‡i Zv cÖPzi kw³ ˆZwi nq Ges Ab¨wU‡Z Aw·‡Rb cÖ‡qvRb nq bv
wP‡Îi gva¨‡g †`LvI| 3 I B_vbj ˆZwi nq|
N. Df‡qi RxevYy aŸs‡m cÖwZKv‡ii †P‡q cÖwZ‡ivaB K. d‡Uvwm‡÷g Kx? 1
DËgÑ we‡kølY Ki| 4 L. gvB‡Uvwm‡mi †gUv‡dR I A¨vbv‡d‡Ri g‡a¨ `ywU
4 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki cv_©K¨ †jL| 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ mvB‡UvcøvR‡g m¤úvw`Z nIqv Dfq
k¦m‡bi cÖ_g avc cÖevnwP‡Îi gva¨‡g †`LvI| 3
N. wkí‡ÿ‡Î wØZxq k¦mb cÖwµqvwUi ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
8 Wv³vi GKRb Wvqv‡ewUm †ivMx‡K GKwU ni‡gvb MÖn‡Yi
civgk© †`b hv GK ai‡bi RxecÖhyw³i gva¨‡g Drcv`b Kiv
nq|
K. w÷wj Kx? 1
K. G·cø¨v›U Kx? 1
L. †µv‡gv‡mvg I cøvmwg‡Wi g‡a¨ `ywU cv_©K¨ †jL| 2
L. wUmy¨ KvjPvi cÖhyw³i myweav¸‡jv †jL| 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki Dw™¢‡`i weK…Z g~‡ji MVb wPÎmn e¨vL¨v
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ni‡gvb Drcv`‡bi cÖhyw³ wPwýZ
Ki| 3
wP‡Îi gva¨‡g †`LvI| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki Dw™¢‡`i mv‡_ Ave„ZexRx Dw™¢‡`i ˆemv`„k¨
N. mycvi ivBm ˆZwi I †K¬vfvi Nv‡mi Dbœq‡b DÏxc‡Ki
we‡kølY Ki| 4
cÖhyw³i f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki| 4
 45

AvBwWqvj ¯‹zj A¨vÛ K‡jR, gwZwSj, XvKv welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1 wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki 5  wb‡Pi wPθ‡jv jÿ Ki

A B
K. ¯úøvBwms Kx? 1 X Y Z
K. Agiv Kx? 1
L. †m‡›Uªv‡mvg I †m‡›Uªvwgqv‡ii cv_©K¨ †jL| 2
L. mvBKvm †K RxešÍ Rxevk¥ ejv nq †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' Gi MVb †jL| 3
M. DÏxc‡Ki 'Z' Dw™¢` †Mv‡Îi kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨ †jL| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' †_‡K 'B' ˆZwii cÖwµqv †jL| 4
N. DÏxc‡Ki X, Y I Z Dw™¢`¸‡jv ˆewk‡ó¨ Avjv`v 
2  Rxe‡`‡n `yB ai‡bi †Kvl wefvRb †`Lv hvq| GKwU
eywS‡q †jL| 4
mgxKiwYK wefvRb AciwU n«vmg~jK wefvRb, hvi GKwU
6  (i) g¾v e„nr Ges my®úó|
av‡c †µv‡gv‡mv‡gi Ask wewbgq N‡U|
(ii) fv¯‹zjvi evÛj mshy³, mgcvk¦x©q e×|
K. †g‡mv‡Rvg Kx? 1
K. g¾viwk¥ Kv‡K e‡j? 1
L. †Kb A¨v‡bvwdwjm gkKx g¨v‡jwiqv ciRxex enb
L. mgwØcvk¦xq© fv¯‹zjvi evÛj ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2
K‡i? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki (i) ˆewk‡ó¨i Dw™¢‡`i AšÍM©Vb †jL| 3
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ avcwU wPÎmn eY©bv Ki| 3
N. (i) I (ii) ˆewkó¨ Dw™¢‡`i wfbœ wfbœ ¯’v‡b Ae¯’vb K‡i
N. DÏxc‡Ki †KvlwefvRbØq gvbeRxe‡b ¸iæZ¡ enb
 cv_©K¨ we‡kølY Ki| 4
K‡i  we‡kølY Ki| 4
7  6CO2 + 12H2O  E + 6CO2 + H2O
3  CO2 + 12H2O  P + H2O + Q
C6H12O6 + O2  6CO2 + H2O + kw³
K. wµw÷ Kx? 1
K. Aw·‡WwUf dm‡dvivB‡jkb Kx? 1
L. d‡Uv‡imwc‡ikb ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2
L. cÎiܪ I cvwbi‡Üªi we‡klZ¡ eywS‡q †jL| 2
M. 'P' †h †Kvlxq A½vYy‡Z ˆZwi nq Zvi MVb †jL| 3
M. DÏxc‡K (E) †K GbRvB‡gi mvnv‡h¨ 3 Kve©b wewkó
N. DÏxc‡Ki wewµqvwU‡Z wbM©Z (Q) Gi Drm cÖgvYmn
ˆRe A¨vwm‡W cwiYZ K‡i| 3
†jL| 4 N. DÏxc‡Ki wewµqv `ywUi cv_©K¨ we‡kølY Ki| 4
4  GKmgq K‡jiv †ivM GKwU RxevYy Øviv gnvgvix iƒc aviY 8  ivBmyj Dw™¢‡`i UwUc‡U›U Ask wb‡q M‡elYv K‡i mvdj¨
Ki‡Zv| eZ©gv‡b †W½y, wPKzb¸wbqv I g¨v‡jwiqv e¨vcKfv‡e AR©b K‡i| BkivK Rxe‡bi Kvw•ÿZ wRb ¯’vbvšÍ‡ii gva¨‡g
Qwo‡q c‡o‡Q| DbœZgv‡bi bZzb cÖKiY m„wó K‡i|
K. mvBR›U Kx? 1 K. PCR Kx? 1
L. RxeweÁv‡bi †K›`ªxq cÖZ¨q ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2 L. wR‡bvg wm‡Kv‡qwÝs Gi e¨envi †jL| 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki gnvgvix iƒc aviYKvix RxevYyi Av`k© MVb M. †gwi‡÷g KvjPvi, n¨vcø‡qW Dw™¢` I †mvgv‡K¬vbvj
†jL| 3 f¨vwi‡qk‡bi †ÿ‡Î ivBmy‡ji c×wZ cÖ‡qvM Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †ivM¸‡jvi cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’v wfbœZi N. wPwKrmv I K…wl‡Z Bkiv‡Ki c×wZi ¸iæZ¡ A‡bK 
 e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 eywS‡q †jL| 4
 46

XvKv K‡jR welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

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[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1 K¨vjwfb I †emvg Ges n¨vP I mø¨vK mv‡jvKms‡køl‡Yi 5  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki :
Av‡jvK wbi‡cÿ Aa¨v‡q Kve©b weRvi‡Yi PµvKvi MwZc_ A
Avwe®‹vi K‡ib GB Pµ `ywU‡ZB CO2 I H2O Gi wewµqvi B
d‡j C6H12O6 Drcbœ nq| c‡i GB C6H12O6 †f‡½ `yB AYy
cvBiæwfK GwmW Drcbœ nq, GB cÖwµqv‡K X Øviv wPwýZ
Kiv n‡jv| wPÎ-K wPÎ-L
K. mv‡jvKms‡køl‡Yi wjwgwUs d¨v±i Kv‡K e‡j? 1 K. fv¯‹zjvi evÛj Kv‡K e‡j? 1
L. Avqb wewbgq cÖwµqv‡K wbw®µq cwi‡kvlY ejvi KviY Kx? 2 L. DÏxcK ÔKÕ Ges ÔLÕ wPwýZ A I B Gi †KvbwU †_‡K
M. DÏxc‡K Kve©b weRvi‡Yi †h `ywU PµvKvi MwZc‡_i ev÷ dvBevi Drcbœ nq| 2
K_v ejv n‡q‡Q Zv‡`i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wbiƒcY Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡K ÔLÕ wPÎwU Dw™¢‡`i †h As‡k †`Lv hvq Zvi
N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki X cÖwµqvwU‡Z wbU 8 AYy-mgcwigvY kw³
MVb wP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ †`LvI| 3
Drcbœ nqÓ Dw³wU g~j¨vqb Ki| 4
2 wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki : N. DÏxc‡K cÖ`wk©Z A I B Gi Ae¯’vb g~j Kv‡Ð wfbœ
we‡kølY Ki| 4
6  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki :

wPÎ-P wPÎ-Q X
K. †m‡›Uªvwgqvi Kx? 1
L. Uªv݇jkb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 wPÎ-A wPÎ-B
M. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ-P A½vYywUi †fŠZ MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 K. wRb Kx? 1
N. Dw™¢‡`i Lv`¨ Drcv`‡b DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ-Q A½vYywUi L. wc‡bvmvBwUK †dv¯‹v ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4 M. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ-A A½vYywUi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
3 wkÿK K¬v‡m GKwU AYyRxe wb‡q K_v e‡jb, hvi RxebPµ m¤úbœ
N. †cÖvwUb ms‡køl‡Y DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ-B Gi X A½vYywUi
Ki‡Z GKwU †giæ`Ðx I Av‡iKwU A‡giæ`Ðx cÖvYxi cÖ‡qvRb|
ciRxwewUi Avµg‡Y †giæ`Ðx cÖvYxi Kuvcywbmn R¡i Av‡m| ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
K. mvB‡RvMwb Kx? 1 7 wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki :
L. Plasmodium Gi RxebP‡µ Rbyµ‡gi ¸iæZ¡ Kx? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ RxevYywUi Avµg‡Y †giæ`Ðx cÖvYxi
kix‡i Kuvcywbmn R¡i Av‡m †h `kvq †mB `kvwU
wPÎmn eY©bv Ki| 3 wPÎ-K wPÎ-L
N. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K AYyRxewUi we¯Ívi evnK wbf©i K. cy®úms‡KZ Kx? 1
Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 L. Cycas †K RxešÍ Rxevk¥ ejv nq †Kb? 2
4 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki : M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wPÎ-K Gi kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨ wjL| 3
M-`kv X
N. Dc‡iv³ wPÎ `ywUi mswkøó †MvÎmg~‡ni A_©‰bwZK
¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
G2-`kv G1-`kv
8 wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki :
A

B
S-`kv S
wPÎ-X wPÎ-Y
K. †UUªvW Kx? 1 K. K¨vjvm Kx? 1
L. K¨vwiIKvB‡bwmm I mvB‡UvKvB‡bwm‡mi g‡a¨ `ywU L. wUmy¨ KvjPvi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
cv_©K¨ wjL| 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wPÎ-X Gi B wPwýZ Dcv`v‡bi
M. DÏxc‡Ki DwjøwLZ wP‡Îi 'S' AskwUi bvg I Kvh©vewj
Av‡jvPbv Ki| 3 ˆewkó¨ I †kÖwYweb¨vm wjL| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wP‡Îi 'X' As‡ki ¸iæZ¡ Av‡jvPbv N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wPÎ-Y Øviv wb‡`©wkZ cÖhyw³ Kxfv‡e
Ki| 4 wUmy¨ KvjPv‡ii mv‡_ m¤ú„³ we‡kølY Ki| 4
 47

Av`gRx K¨v›Ub‡g›U K‡jR, XvKv welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1 wPÎwU AbymiY Ki Ges wb‡Pi cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K. IIIV Kx? 1
L. †n‡gv‡iwRK †W½y ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔXÕ Gi msL¨ve„wׇZ ÔYÕ †KvlwU aŸsm nq
A Ñ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
B
N. DÏxc‡Ki Ô ZÕ AYyRxewUi gvbe‡`‡ni RBC †Z
msNwUZ A‡hŠb Rbb eY©bv Ki| 4
5  wkÿK K¬v‡m `yB cÖKvi Dw™¢` †Mvôx wb‡q Av‡jvPbv
KiwQ‡jb| GK cÖKvi Dw™¢` †Mvôx Av‡Q hv‡`i exR Dš§y³
_v‡K| Av‡iK cÖKvi Dw™¢`‡Mvôx i‡q‡Q hv‡`i exR
AveiYhy³| wØZxq cÖKvi Dw™¢` †Mvôxi GKwU †MvÎ
K. cøvR‡gv‡Wmgv Kx? 1 evsjv‡`‡ki Lv`¨ wbivcËv I A_©bxwZ‡Z ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv
L. G‡ÛvcøvRwgK †iwUKzjv‡gi KvR †jL| 2 cvjb K‡i|
M. A Ask Ges B As‡ki g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Av‡jvPbv Ki 3 K. cy®úcyU Kx? 1
N. B Gi MVb m¤úwK©Z me©vwaK M„nxZ g‡Wj we‡kølY L. cy ® úcÖ ZxK ej‡Z Kx ey S ? 2
M. cÖ_g cÖKvi Dw™¢` †Mvôxi kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨ wjL| 3
Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl Dw³wUi Zvrch© we‡kølY Ki| 4
2 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki 6  wb‡Pi wPθ‡jv jÿ Ki
P P
O O
H T
S S

OH H
A B wPÎ : A wPÎ : B wPÎ : C
K. †R‡bwUK †KvW Kx? 1 K. K¨vw¤^qvg Kx? 1
L. wbDwK¬IUvBW ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 L. †g‡mvwdj wUmy¨ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔAÕ Ges ÔBÕ Gi MVbwU †h AYy¸‡jv aviY M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wPÎ: ÔAÕ Gi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
K‡i Zv‡`i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ †`LvI| 3 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wPÎ: ÔAÕ I wPÎ: ÔBÕ Gi mv‡_
m¤úwK©Z Dw™¢` A‡½i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡Ki MVb `ywUi g‡a¨ GKwU MVb Rx‡e eû
7  i. Mø‡y KvR cvBiæwfK GwmW
msL¨vq Dcw¯’Z †_‡K cu¨vPv‡bv m~Î MVb K‡i  GbRvBg
we‡kølY Ki| 4 C6H12O6  C2H5OH + CO2 + 20 wK‡jvK¨vjwi kw³
K. RQ Kx? 1
3 D”P †kÖwYi Rxe‡`‡n `yB ai‡bi †KvlwefvRb m¤úbœ nq|
L. d‡Uvdm‡dvivB‡jkb I Aw·‡WwUf
GK ai‡bi †Kvl wefvR‡b †`‡ni mKj †Kv‡li †µv‡gv‡mvg dm‡dvivB‡jk‡bi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨mg~n wjL| 2
msL¨v mgvb _v‡K| Aci ai‡bi wefvR‡b eskci¤úivq M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ (i) bs wewµqvi avcmg~n wjL| 3
†µv‡gv‡mvg msL¨v aªæe _v‡K| Dfq wefvR‡bi gva¨‡g GKwU N. wewfbœ wk‡í †k‡lv³ cÖwµqvi ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
c~Y©v½ Rx‡ei MVb nq| 8  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki
K. KvqvRgv Kx? 1
L. †gUvKvB‡bwmm I B›UviKvB‡bwmm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g †KvlwefvR‡bi †kl `ywU avc wPÎmn
eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ evK¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
4 X  A‡Kvlxq AYyRxe, wbDwK¬K GwmW †cÖvwU‡b Ave„Z wPÎ : P wPÎ : Q
Y  GK‡Kvlxq AYyRxe, wbDwK¬qvm Avw`‡Kw›`ªK K. †iw÷ªKkb GbRvBg Kx? 1
L. wR‡bvg wm‡Kv‡qwÝs ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
Z  AYyRxewUi A‡hŠb Rbb gvbe‡`‡n Ges †hŠb Rbb
M. wPÎ ÔPÕ Gi cÖhyw³wUi avivevwnK eY©bv Ki| 3
A¨v‡bvwdwjm gkKx‡Z msNwUZ nq| N. K…wl‡Z ÔQÕ cÖhyw³i Ae`vb we‡kølY Ki| 4
 48

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†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1 `yB ai‡bi ˆRe Gwm‡Wi g‡a¨ GKwU Rxe‡bi mg¯Í ˆewkó¨ 5  A : GKB AvKvi, GKB e¨vmva©, eo wbDwK¬qvm I Nb
cÖKv‡ki †gŠwjK GKK wnmv‡e ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i mvB‡UvcøvRg wewkó †Kvl|
Ges Ab¨wU †cÖvwUb ms‡køl‡Y mivmwi AskMÖnY K‡i| B: KvÛ Ges g~‡ji wfwË wUmy¨Zš¿|
K. wµw÷ Kx? 1 K. nvBWªv‡_vW Kx? 1
L. †mw›UªI‡ji `ywU KvR †jL| 2 L. n¨v‡Wªv‡mw›UªK fv¯‹zjvi evÐj ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
M. cÖ_g ˆRe Gwm‡Wi wØZ¡b cÖwµqv eY©bv Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ A-Gi †kÖwYwefvM Q‡Ki gva¨‡g
N. `yB ai‡bi ˆRe Gwm‡Wi mvnv‡h¨ Rx‡ei ˆewk‡ó¨i †`LvI| 3
ewntcÖKvk m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ B m¤ú‡K© ms‡ÿ‡c Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4
2  DbœZ Rxe‡`‡n `yB ai‡bi †Kvl wefvRb †`Lv hvq| GK 6  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki mvnv‡h¨ cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
ai‡bi wefvRb †`n‡Kv‡l Ges Ab¨ ai‡bi wefvRb ïaygvÎ P Q
Møy‡KvR  cvBiæwfK GwmW  B_vbj/j¨vKwUK
Rbbv‡½ m¤úbœ nq| A¨vwmW
K. K¨vwiIKvB‡bwmm Kx? 1 K. TCA Pµ Kx? 1
L. †Kvl Pµ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 L. C3 Ges C4 Dw™¢‡`i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ †jL| 2
M. wcZvgvZvi ˆewk󨸇jv cieZx© eska‡i wgwkÖZ M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ P cÖwµqvi avcmg~n QK AvKv‡i
Ae¯’vq mÂvwiZ nIqvi Rb¨ `vqx Dcch©vqwU eY©bv †jL| 3
Ki| 3 N. wewfbœ wk‡í Q cÖwµqvwUi ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ `yB ai‡bi wefvRb cÖwµqvi 7  Dw™¢‡`i wewfbœ wefvRbÿg A½ †_‡K GKwU we‡kl K…wÎg
Zzjbvg~jK Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4 c×wZi gva¨‡g AYyPviv Drcbœ Kiv m¤¢e| Ab¨w`‡K Kvw•ÿZ
3  wb‡Pi Q‡Ki mvnv‡h¨ cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : wRb ¯’vbvšÍi K‡i dmjx Dw™¢‡`i DbœZ RvZ D™¢veb Kiv
AYyRxe ˆewkó¨ m¤¢e|
A AwZ AvYyexÿwYK, A‡Kvlxq K. Bb wf‡Uªv KvjPvi Kx? 1
B AvYyexÿwYK, Avw`‡Kw›`ªK, GK‡Kvlx L. wR‡bvg wm‡Kv‡qwÝs ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
C GK‡Kvlx, my‡Kw›`ªK, ciRxex M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖ_g c×wZwUi myweavmg~n eY©bv
K. cøvRwgW Kx? 1 Ki| 3
L. †n‡gv‡iwRK †W½y ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wØZxq cÖwµqvwU ms‡ÿ‡c e¨vL¨v
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ A Ges B Rx‡ei cÖRbb c×wZmn Ki| 4
cv_©K¨ D‡jøL Ki| 3 8  M cÖwµqv : Dw™¢` gvwU n‡Z wecvKxq kw³i mvnv‡h¨ Avqb
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ C AYyRx‡ei Rbyµg e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 wn‡m‡e LwbR jeY †kvlY K‡i|
4  MÖæc A : Cycas, Pinus, Gnetum N cÖwµqv : Dw™¢‡`i evqexq A‡½i gva¨‡g cvwb ev®úvKv‡i
MÖæc B : Pvj, Mg, Rev †ei n‡q hvq|
K. Agivweb¨vm Kx? 1 K. P.Q Kx? 1
L. RxešÍ Rxevk¥ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 L. wUmy¨ KvjPvi ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki A MÖæ‡ci Dw™¢‡`i †hŠb cÖRbb eY©bv Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ M cÖwµqvi AvaywbK gZev` eY©bv
N. DwjøwLZ MÖæc B Dw™¢‡`i cwiev‡ii kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨ Ki| 3
Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ N cÖwµqvi †KŠkj e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
 49

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1 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki 5  wifv GKwU gUiïwUi MvQ †_‡K cW wb‡q Zvi GK cÖvšÍ
†_‡K `yB fvM K‡i †`L‡jb Zvi Dfq cÖv‡šÍi mv‡_
wW¤^K¸‡jv GKvšÍifv‡e mw¾Z Av‡Q| wKš‘ GKwU kvcjv
dz‡j Zvi m¾vixwZ m¤ú~Y© Ab¨iKg| wifv GUvI ch©‡eÿY
wPÎ : Q Kij †h, dzj¸‡jv Kv‡Ði cÖwZ Kÿ †_‡K Drcbœ n‡q‡Q|
K. ¯úøvBwmI‡Rvg Kx? 1 K. †jvwWwKDj Kx? 1
L. †KvW wWKkbvwi ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 L. cy ® úcÖ ZxK ej‡Z Kx ey S vq? 2
M. Dc‡i cÖ`wk©Z ÒwPÎ-Q Ges D wPwýZ As‡ki †fŠZ M. wifvi †`Lv c‡W wW¤^K¸‡jvi m¾vixwZ wewfbœ Dw™¢‡`i
MVb cÖ‡qvRbxq wPÎmn eY©bv Ki| 3 d‡ji †ÿ‡Î †h †h cÖKv‡ii nq Zv wPÎmn e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. D wPwýZ As‡k we`¨gvb bvB‡Uªv‡Rb ÿviKmg~‡ni N. wifvi wØZxq ch©‡eÿ‡Y Kv‡Ði mv‡_ dz‡ji m¾vixwZi
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wmKz‡qwÝs d‡ibwmK AbymÜv‡bi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© nvwZqvi 
Ki| 4
Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
2 RxeweÁv‡bi m¨vi GKwU Dw™¢`‡Kvl I cÖvYx‡Kv‡li g‡a¨ 6  wb‡Pi wPθ‡jv jÿ Ki
cv_©K¨mg~n eySv‡Z wM‡q ej‡jb †h, Dw™¢`‡Kv‡li P
†cÖv‡Uvcøv‡÷i evB‡i cwjm¨vKvivB‡Wi ˆZwi GKwU Ro
cÖvPxi we`¨gvb wKš‘ cÖvwY‡Kv‡l GwU †bB| GQvov k³
cÖvPx‡ii wfZ‡ii w`‡K Av‡iKwU mRxe c`©v _v‡K| Aci
c‡ÿ cÖvwY‡Kv‡l Ro cÖvPxiwU bv _vK‡jI GKwU mRxe wPÎ : A wPÎ : B wPÎ : C
Avei‡Y †KvlwU Ave„Z| m¨vi Av‡iv ej‡jb Dw™¢` I K. Mv‡Ukb Kx? 1
cÖvwY‡Kv‡li mRxe AveiYwUi MVb †gvRvB‡Ki gZ| L. dv‡g©‡›Ukb ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
K. G‡Ûvwmgev‡qvwmm Kx? 1 M. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ-B I C Dw™¢‡`i †h †h As‡k cvIqv
L. wjwgwUs d¨v±i ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 hvq Zv‡`i evwn¨K I Af¨šÍixY cv_©K¨ wjL| 3
M. DÏxc‡Ki mRxe AveiYwUi MVb cÖ‡qvRbxq wPÎmn eY©bv Ki| 3 N. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ- A Gi P As‡ki wfwˇZ wewfbœ ai‡bi
N. Dw™¢`Rxe‡b Ges gvbe mf¨Zv wewbg©v‡b †cÖv‡Uvcøv‡÷i Dw™¢‡`i †ÿ‡Î †kÖwYweb¨vm Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4
evB‡ii Ro AveiYwUi f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki| 4 7  Dw™¢‡`i g~j KZ©„K cvwb I LwbR Avqb †kvlY Ki‡Z cv‡i|
3 GKwU †`n †Kv‡li DrcwË, weKvk I wefvRb GKwU wbw`©ó Avqb cwi‡kvl‡Yi mgq abvZ¥K Avqb †KvlwSwjøi evwni
Pµvbymv‡i N‡U _v‡K| Avevi GKwU Rbb gvZ…‡Kvl (2n) †_‡K wfZ‡i †h‡Z cvi‡jI FYvZ¥K Avqb cwien‡bi Rb¨
GKwU RwUj cÖwµqvi gva¨‡g wefvwRZ n‡q n¨vcø‡qW †Kvl wewfbœ ai‡bi Avqb evn‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb nq| GQvov †kvwlZ
m„wói mgq GKwU we‡kl av‡c wM‡q †µv‡gv‡mvgmg~‡ni cvwbi †ewki fvMB cvZvq Aew¯’Z GK ai‡bi we‡kl A‡½i
¸YMZ cwieZ©b N‡U _v‡K| gva¨‡g ev®úvKv‡i †ei n‡q evqygÛ‡j Qwo‡q c‡o|
K. †hŠwMK dj Kx? 1 K. mv‡jvKwefvRb Kx? 1
L. †cÖvdvh ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 L. dm‡dvivB‡jkb ej‡Z Kx ey S vq? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki †`n‡Kvl †h Pµvbymv‡i D‡jøwLZ ch©vq¸‡jv M. DÏxc‡Ki †h A‡½i gva¨‡g cvwb ev®úvKv‡i †ewi‡q
m¤úv`b K‡i Zvi eY©bv `vI| 3 hvq Zvi MVb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki n¨vcø‡qW †Kvl m„wói mgq †µv‡gv‡mv‡gi N. ÒFYvZ¥K Avqb cwien‡bi Rb¨ wewfbœ ai‡bi Avqb evn‡Ki
¸YMZ cwieZ©‡bi welqwU cÖ‡qvRbxq wPÎ I hyw³i cÖ‡qvRb nqÓ  cÖ‡qvRbxq wPÎmn evK¨wUi e¨vL¨v `vI| 4
mvnv‡h¨  we‡kølY Ki| 4 8  eZ© g v‡b gvby‡li wRb‡K AYyRx‡ei wR‡bvg ewnf©~Z e„ËvKvi
4 †cÖv‡Uv‡Rvqv c‡e©i GKwU AYyRxe gvby‡li †`‡ni i³ I hK…‡Z ÿz ` ª †R‡bwUK Dcv`v‡bi mv‡_ msKivq‡bi gva¨‡g AwZ Aí
A‡hŠb Ges gkKxi †`‡n †hŠb cÖRbb m¤úbœ K‡i| gvbe‡`‡n mg‡q I Li‡P e¨vcK cwigv‡Y Møy‡KvR‡K MøvB‡Kv‡R‡b
A‡hŠb cÖRb‡bi d‡j RxevYyi †h msL¨vwaK¨ N‡U Zv GK ai‡bi iƒcvšÍ i Kvix GKwU ni‡gvb Drcv`b Kiv n‡”Q| GQvov
R¡i †iv‡Mi Rb¨ `vqx| G‡ÿ‡Î †MŠb Ges gyL¨ Dfq †cvlK D³ cwi‡ek e¨e¯’vcbvq D‡jøwLZ cÖhyw³ c„w_exi wewfbœ †`‡k
AYyRx‡ei cÖRbb I eskwe¯Ív‡ii Rb¨ Avek¨K| ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb Ki‡Q|
K. wfi‡qW Kx? 1 K. wRb †_ivwc Kx? 1
L. †g‡ivRvB‡MvU ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 L. µ¨vÄ A¨vbvUwg ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki †MŠb †cvl‡Ki i‡³ †h cÖRbb N‡U Zv M. DÏxc‡Ki ni‡gvb ˆZwii cÖwµqvwU wPÎmn Zz‡j ai| 3
ïaygvÎ wP‡Îi gva¨‡g Zz‡j ai| 3 N. Òcwi‡ek e¨e¯’v cbvq D‡jø wLZ cÖ hw
y ³ c„ w_exi wewfbœ
N. ÒgyL¨ I †MŠb Dfq †cvlKB ciRxexi eskwe¯Ív‡ii †`‡k ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb Ki‡QÓ  Dw³wU we‡kølY
Rb¨ Avek¨KÓ  Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 Ki| 4
 50

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1 RxeRM‡Z wcZvgvZvi ˆewkó¨ mšÍv‡b ¯’vbvšÍwiZ nq GKwU K. †iw÷ªKkb GbRvBg Kx? 1
ˆReivmvqwbK c`v‡_©i gva¨‡g, hvi †_‡K Av‡iKwU L. wRbvg wmKz‡qwÝs ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
ˆReivmvqwbK c`v_© ˆZwi nq, Rx‡ei ˆewkó¨ cÖKv‡k ZviI M. DÏxc‡K W. kwdK Gi c×wZwU avivevwnK wP‡Î
h‡_ó ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv i‡q‡Q| †`LvI| 3
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e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
Ki| 3
6  Dw™¢‡`i ˆZwiK…Z Lv`¨ GKwU we‡kl ˆReivmvqwbK cÖwµqvq
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 1g ˆReivmvqwbK c`v_©wU n‡Z
av‡c av‡c m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c RvwiZ n‡q CO2, H2O I ATP ˆZwi
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AuvK‡jb| hvi evB‡ii ÔMÕ AveiYwU wbRx©e wKš‘ wfZ‡ii ÔNÕ K. †cÖvUb cv¤ú Kx? 1
AveiYwU mRxe| L. d‡Uvdm‡dvivB‡jkb ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
K. wbDwK¬IUvBW Kx? 1 M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwUi me©‡kl avcwUi eY©bv `vI| 3
L. wbDwK¬I‡mvg ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwU‡Z Drcvw`Z kw³i wnmve we‡kølY
M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔMÕ AveiYwUi †fŠZ MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡Ki ÔNÕ AveiYwUi ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4 7  Pµ-1  MÖvnK c`v_© ivBey‡jvR 1,5 wem dm‡dU
3 mvwgqvi wbw`©ó mgq ci ci Kuvcywbmn R¡i Av‡m| wPwKrmK
Pµ-2  MÖvnK c`v_© A·v‡jv GwmwUK GwmW
i³ cixÿvi gva¨‡g Rvbv‡jb RBC-†Z AYyRxe msµg‡Yi
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gva¨‡g GB R¡i nq|
L. Av‡cwÿK Av`©ªZv evo‡j cÖ‡¯^`b K‡g †Kb? 2
K. K‡jiv †iv‡Mi RxevYyi bvg wjL| 1
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L. cøvR‡gvwWqv‡gi RxebPµ‡K Rbytµg ejv hvq †Kb? 2
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M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g Dw™¢`wUi cysRbbv‡½i MVb eY©bv
M N
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M. A I B wPwýZ As‡ki mgš^‡q MwVZ cwienb
5 W. kwdK we‡kl c×wZ‡Z M‡elYvMv‡i exR QvovB Dw™¢‡`i
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AmsL¨ Pviv ˆZwi Ki‡jb Ges W. kwdK Dw™¢‡` weUv-
K¨v‡ivwUb Ges Avqib ˆZwii wRb mshy³ K‡i bZzb RvZ N. DÏxc‡K M I N †h Dw™¢`vs‡k cvIqv hvq Zv‡`i
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hveZxq †Kvlxq A½vYy‡K myiÿvmn †Kvl Af¨šÍ‡i wewfbœ
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M. DÏxc‡K wb‡`©wkZ 'A' Gi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. A_©‰bwZK ¸iæ‡Z¡i `„wó‡KvY †_‡K 'A' I 'B' Gi 6  wb‡Pi QKwU jÿ Ki :
f‚wgKv g~j¨vqb Ki| 4 c×wZ A wbDwK¬IUvB‡Wi Abyµg wbY©q Kiv hvq|
2 wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki : c×wZ B DNA †Z Kvw•ÿZ MvVwbK cwieZ©b Avbv hvq|
K. PCR Kx? 1
L. wRb †_ivwc ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki DwjøwLZ c×wZ 'B' Gi avcmg~n eY©bv Ki| 3
wPÎ : A wPÎ : B
N. evsjv‡`‡ki A_©Kix dm‡ji Drcv`b e„w× I ¸YMZ
K. SSB †cÖvwUb Kv‡K e‡j? 1
gvb Dbœq‡b cÖ_‡gv³ cÖwµqvi m¤¢vebv we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. †R‡bwUK †Kv‡Wi mve©RbxbZv ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
7  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki :
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 'A' Gi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' †_‡K Abyiƒc 'A' ˆZwii cÖwµqvi mv‡_
'B' ˆZwii cÖwµqvi Zzjbv Ki| 4
3 Ggb GKwU ˆRe ivmvqwbK Dcv`vb i‡q‡Q, gvby‡li i‡³ hvi
AwZwi³ Dcw¯’wZ Wvqv‡ewUm †iv‡Mi KviY wn‡m‡e wPwýZ
Kiv nq| Ab¨w`‡K GwU me ai‡bi Rxe‡`‡n ˆRewbK kw³ wPÎ : P wPÎ : Q
mieiv‡ni Ab¨Zg cÖavb Dcv`vb| K. µv GbvUwg Kx? 1
K. µvÄGbvUwg Kv‡K e‡j? 1 L. j Ad wgwbgvg ej‡Z Kx ey S vq? 2
L. mve‡÷ªU †j‡fj dm‡dvivB‡jkb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 M. †Kvl wefvRb cÖwµqvi wfbœZvi wfwˇZ DÏxc‡K
M. AwaKvsk Dw™¢` †h cÖwµqvq D³ Dcv`vbwU cÖ¯‘Z K‡i DwjøwLZ 'Q' Gi †kÖwYwefvM eY©bv Ki| 3
Zv cÖevn wP‡Îi gva¨‡g †`LvI| 3 N. 'A' I 'B' Gi Ae¯’v ‡bi wfwˇZ Dw™¢
‡ `i wewfbœ Ask
N. Dcv`vbwU me ai‡bi Rxe‡`‡n ˆRewbK kw³ kbv³ Kiv hvq we‡kølY Ki| 4
mieiv‡ni Ab¨Zg cÖavb Dcv`vb we‡kølY Ki| 4 8  wb‡Pi wPÎ `y wU jÿ Ki :
4  wb‡Pi QKwU jÿ Ki :
†MvÎ ˆewkó¨
P gy³ cvk¦©xq DccÎ we`¨gvb
Q cvZv KvЇeóK I wjwMDj hy³
K. Agiv Kx? 1 wPÎ : E wPÎ : F
L. AwaMf© Mf©vkq ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 K. wmb¨vcwmm Kx? 1
M. †MvÎ 'Q' Gi cy®úcÖZxK AuvK| 3 L. wm÷vi †µvgvwUW ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
N. cy‡®úi ˆewk‡ó¨ DÏxc‡K wb‡`©wkZ Dfq †MvÎB cv_©K¨ M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 'F' Gi cieZ©x avcwU eY©bv Ki| 3
gwÐZ we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 'E' I 'F' Gi Zzjbv Ki| 4
 52

Avb›` †gvnb K‡jR, gqgbwmsn welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1 RxeweÁvb K¬v‡m wkÿK ej‡jb, Dw™¢`‡Kv‡l A I B `ywU 5  wb‡Pi wewµqvwU jÿ Ki
AveiY _v‡K| A AveiYwU g„Z Ges B AveiYwU mRxe| Av‡jv
(A) 6CO2 + 12H2O  C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O
K. MøvB‡KvK¨vwj· Kx? 1 †K¬v‡ivwdj
L. wbDwK¬qvm‡K †Kv‡li cÖvY‡K›`ª ejv nq †Kb? 2 GbRvBg
(B) C6 + H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H2O  6CO2 12H2O
†Kv-GbRvBg
M. DÏxc‡K B AveiYwUi me©RbMÖvn¨ GKwU g‡W‡ji
K. mwµq cwi‡kvlY Kv‡K e‡j? 1
wPwýZ wPÎ A¼b Ki| 3
L. †µem Pµ‡K TCA Pµ ejv nq †Kb? 2
N. DÏxc‡Ki A I B AveiYwUi g‡a¨ ˆemv`„k¨ we‡kølY
M. DÏxc‡Ki A Gi Av‡jv‡K Lv`¨ ˆZwii avcwUi e¨vL¨v
Ki| 4 Ki| 3
2 wkÿK K¬v‡m ej‡jb, BDK¨vwiIwUK Rx‡ei ˆ`wnK e„w× GK N. DÏxc‡Ki B avcwU †Kvb †Kvb †ÿ‡Î 1g avc n‡Z
ai‡bi †Kvl wefvR‡bi gva¨‡g N‡U| Avevi Rbb †Kv‡li wfbœZi  we‡kølY Ki| 4
m„wói mgq Avi GK ai‡bi wefvRb N‡U| 6  †m›UgvwU©b †eov‡Z wM‡q bvbx DuPz bvwi‡Kj MvQ †`‡L bvwZ‡K
K. U‡bvcøv÷ Kx? 1 ej‡jb, Kx Avðh©! Wv‡ei †fZi cvwb †Kv_v †_‡K Av‡m?
L. Avw` †Kvl I cÖK…Z †Kv‡li g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wjL| 2 bvbx, Mv‡Qi †kKo w`‡q gvwU †_‡K †kvwlZ cvwb cvZvq
M. Rx‡ei ˆ`wnK e„w× †Kvb ai‡bi †Kvl wefvR‡bi d‡j ˆZwi LveviI GK ai‡bi wUmy¨i gva¨‡g †kKo ch©šÍ hvq|
K. K¨vw¤^qvg Kx? 1
N‡U? Zvi Z…Zxq avcwU wPÎmn eY©bv Ki| 3
L. †MŠYe„w× ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ `yB ai‡bi †Kvl wefvR‡bi g‡a¨
M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z gvwU †_‡K †kvwlZ †h wUmy¨i gva¨‡g
cv_©K¨ Ki| 4 †cuŠQvq Zvi cÖKvi‡f` eY©bv Ki| 3
3 Kwj I Wwj `yB †evb wm‡jU †_‡K evwo †divi K‡qKw`b ci N. DÏxc‡K †h `ywU wUmy¨i K_v ejv n‡q‡Q gvby‡li Rxe‡b
Zviv `yÕRbB R¡‡i AvµvšÍ n‡q‡Q| Z‡e Zv‡`i R¡‡ii cÖK…wZ Zv‡`i ¸iæZ¡ eY©bv Ki| 4
GK bq| Kwji Kvcywb w`‡q R¡i Avm‡jI Wwji nVvr K‡iB 7  wkÿK †kÖwYK‡ÿ ivmvqwbK wewµqv m¤ú‡K© aviYv w`w”Q‡jb|
cÖPÐ R¡i G‡mwQj| i³ cixÿvq †`Lv hvq Kwji i³¯^íZv Mø‡y KvR Pyruvic Acid
(1 AYy) ATP (2 AYy)
Avi Wwji i‡³ AYyPwµKvi msL¨v A‡bK K‡g †M‡Q|
K. dmdivB‡jkb Kx? 1
K. †R‡bwUK †KvW Kx? 1
L. µvÄ A¨vbvUwg Kx? 2
L. gyL¨ †cvlK ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 M. DÏxc‡Ki kw³ Drcv`bKvix avcmg~n e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
M. Kwj I Wwji R¡‡ii jÿ‡Yi g‡a¨ Zzjbvg~jK N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ GB avc¸‡jv RxeRM‡Zi Rb¨ †Kb
Av‡jvPbv Ki| 3 ¸iæZ¡c~Y© e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
N. m‡PZb _vK‡j G †ivM `ywU †_‡K gy³ _vKv m¤¢e  Kx 8 K…wl wek¦we`¨vj‡qi j¨ve‡iUix cwi`k©bKv‡j wkÿv_x©iv
Kx mZK©Zv Aej¤^b Ki‡Z n‡e e‡j Zzwg g‡b Ki| 4 K‡qKwU †U÷wUD‡e GK ai‡bi Pviv MvQ †`L‡Z †cj| hv
4 gaywUjv B‡Kvcv‡K© wkÿvmd‡i wM‡q wkÿK wewfbœ Dw™¢` I †`‡L Zviv Lye Avðh© n‡qwQj| wkÿK‡K cÖkœ K‡i Zviv
Rvb‡Z cv‡i GwU ˆRe cÖhyw³i GKwU c×wZ hvi mvnv‡h¨
Zv‡`i ˆewkó¨ m¤ú‡K© wkÿv_x©‡`i Rvbvw”Q‡jb| GK ch©v‡q
GKB mv‡_ AmsL¨ ûeû gvZ… Dw™¢‡`i g‡Zv Pviv MvQ ˆZwi
bvwi‡Kj Mv‡Qi g‡Zv GKwU MvQ †`wL‡q ej‡jb GwU‡K
Kiv m¤¢e|
ÔRxešÍ Rxevk¥Õ ejv nq| K. cøvRwgW Kx? 1
K. wØ-wb‡lK Kx? 1 L. RxecÖhyw³ Kxfv‡e RxewbivcËv bó Ki‡Z cv‡i? 2
L. †÷ªvwejvm ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖhyw³i msMV‡bi cÖwµqv eY©bv Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z Dw™¢`‡Mvôxi ˆewkó¨ wjL| 3 N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖhyw³i ¸iæZ¡ evsjv‡`‡ki Av‡jv‡K
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Dw™¢` †Mvôxi ¸iæZ¡ eY©bv Ki| 4 we‡kølY Ki| 4
 53

wgR©vcyi K¨v‡WU K‡jR, Uv½vBj welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶v c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. †KvbwU †Kvl cÖvPx‡ii ÿz`ªZg MvVwbK 9. 2n = 16 n‡j, gvB‡Uvwm‡mi †gUv‡dR wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
GKK? ch©v‡q KZ¸‡jv †µvgvwUW †`Lv hv‡e? K i I ii L i I iii
K †mjy‡jvR L gvB‡mwj K8 L 16 M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M gvB‡µvdvBweªj N †cKwUb M 32 N 48 17. Cycas-Gi cys‡iYy †Kgb AvK…wZi?
2. wb‡Pi †Kvb A½vYywU A‡Uvd¨vMx NUvq? 10. gv‡qvwmm N‡U K bjvKvi L †cqvjvK…wZi
K ivB‡ev‡mvg L MjwM ewW i. ˆkev‡ji RvB‡Mv‡U M Uc AvK…wZi N †gvPvK…wZi
M jvB‡mv‡mvg N cviw·‡mvg ii. gvby‡li cÖRbb †Kv‡l
 wb‡Pi wPθ‡jvi wfwˇZ 18 I 19 bs
3. †KvbwUi Abycw¯’wZi Rb¨ gvby‡li wbDib iii. m~h©g~Lxi wbwl³Ki‡Yi Av‡M
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
wef³ nq bv? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K jvB‡mv‡mvg K i I ii L i I iii
L ivB‡ev‡mvg M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M †mw›UªIj 11. †cu ‡ ci wis¯úU fvBiv‡mi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ X A B
N G‡ÛvcøvRwgK †iwUKzjvg n‡jv 18. wPÎ X- Gi g‡a¨ †Kgb Agivweb¨vm †`Lv hvq?
4. km¨ Drcv`bKvix Mv‡Qi Lv`¨ mÂqKvix i. GK m~ÎK RNA fvBivm K Aÿxq L g~ j xq
ii. MVb `ÐvK…wZi M eûcÖvšÍxq N gy³ga¨
A½vYy n‡jv
i. A¨vgvB‡jvcøv÷ iii. `ywU cÖKvi n‡jv PRSV-W Ges PRSV-P 19. A I B Agivweb¨vm Abymvix‡`i †ÿ‡Î
ii. BjvBIcøv÷ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i. RvB‡j‡g †f‡mj Dcw¯’Z
iii. †µv‡gvcøv÷ K i I ii L i I iii ii. wØwb‡lK Abycw¯’Z
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii iii. dz‡j Mf©vkq _v‡K
K i I ii L i I iii 12. wb‡Pi †KvbwU e¨vK‡UwiqvNwUZ †ivM? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K Kjvi ¸”Q Uc K i I ii L i I iii
5. †Kvb bvB‡Uªv‡Rb †em †KejgvÎ ivB‡evR L Bbd¬‡z qÄv M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
my¨Mv‡ii mv‡_ Ave× nq? M Kv‡cvwm mvi‡Kvgv 20. cÖK…wZRMZ I RxeRM‡Zi g‡a¨ ivmvqwbK
K A¨vwWwbb L ¸qvwbb N gvby‡ li wmwdwjm eÜb ˆZwiKvix GbRvB‡gi bvg Kx?
13. A¨vj‡Kvnj †_‡K wf‡bMvi ˆZwi‡Z wb‡Pi K Kinase L Reductase
M mvB‡Uvwmb N BDivwmj
†Kvb e¨vK‡Uwiqv e¨envi Kiv nq? M Synthetase N Rubisco
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU †_‡K 6 I 7 bs cÖ‡kœi K Acetobacter xylinum 21. C 3 P‡µi Dc‡hvMx ZvcgvÎv †KvbwU?
DËi `vI : L Streptococcus lactis K 5 – 10 C L 10 – 25 C
M Bacillus lacticacidi M 20 – 25 C N 25 – 30 C
N E.coli 22. wb‡Pi †KvbwU C4 RvZxq Dw™¢‡`i D`vniY?
14. g¨v‡jwiqv RxevYyi wWcø‡qW `kv n‡jv K Oryza sativa
i. †Uªv‡dvR‡qU L Abelmoschus esculentus
M Zea mays
ii. DIwK‡bU
A B N Psidium guajava
iii. DIwm÷
6. B-Gi Kvh©Kjvc n‡jv 23. wb‡Pi †KvbwU gvby‡li †cwki mÂvj‡bi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K †cÖvwUb ms‡kølY K‡i kw³ Drcbœ K‡i?
K i I ii L i I iii
L A¨vgvB‡bv A¨vwmW cÖwZ¯’vcb K‡i K j¨vKwUK GwmW L B_vbj
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M ivB‡ev‡mvg _v‡K M cvBiæwfK GwmW N ATP
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 15 I 16 bs 24. K…wl‡ÿ‡Î ev‡qv‡UK‡bvjwRi cÖfve‡K ejv
N DNA-i MuvR‡b mvnvh¨ K‡i
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : nq
7. A wP‡Îi Dcv`vb¸‡jvi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv gkvi Øviv m„ó `ywU †ivM Av‡Q| hvi g‡a¨
i. Gi †Kv‡bv cÖKvi †bB K wMÖb ev‡qv‡UK‡bvjwR
GKwU i‡³i †cøU‡jU¸‡jv aŸsm K‡i Ges
ii. †cÖvwUb ms‡køl‡Y DNA †_‡K †KvW L †iW ev‡qv‡UK‡bvjwR
Ab¨wU i³¯^íZv m„wó K‡i|
¯’vbvšÍi K‡i M eø– ev‡qv‡UK‡bvjwR
15. DÏxcK Abymv‡i cÖ_g †ivMwUi bvg Kx?
iii. GwU †`L‡Z †K¬vfvi cvZvi g‡Zv N †nvqvBU ev‡qv‡UK‡bvjwR
K K‡jiv L wPKb¸wbqv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M †W½y N B‡q‡jv wdfvi
25. wKfv‡e Zzwg fvBivmgy³ Kjvi Pviv
K i I ii L i I iii 16. wØZxq †ivMwUi †ÿ‡Î Avi †Kvb †Kvb Drcv`b Ki‡e?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii jÿY¸‡jv †`Lv hvq? K Ab¨ †Kv‡bv KvjPv‡ii gva¨‡g
8. †KvbwU‡K MwZi ch©vq ejv nq? i. hK…Z dz‡j hvq L wUmy¨ KvjPv‡ii gva¨‡g
K †cÖv‡dR L †gUv‡dR ii. Kuvcywbmn gvivZ¥K R¡i M †mvgv‡K¬vbvj cÖKiY ˆZwi K‡i
M A¨vbv‡dR N †U‡jv‡dR iii. ÿzavg›`v I ewgfve N †gwi‡÷g KvjPv‡ii gva¨‡g
 54

gqgbwmsn Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶v c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. wb‡Pi †Kvb A½vYywU A‡UvjvBwm‡mi Rb¨ 9. DÏxc‡Ki 'M' Øviv Kx †evSvq? 18. g~‡ji fv¯‹zjvi evÛj †Kvb ai‡bi?
`vqx? K KvqRgv L evB‡f‡j›U K mgcvk¦x©q
K jvB‡mv‡mvg L †mw›UªIj M †UUªvW N wmb¨vcwmm L †Kw›`ªq
M MjwR ewW N ivB‡ev‡Rvg 10. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwU M mgwØcvk¦x©q
2. †KvbwU †cÖvK¨vwiwUK Rxe? i. Rx‡e cÖKiY m„wó K‡i N Aixq
K B÷ L A¨vwgev ii. wRb g¨vwcs‡q e¨en„Z nq 19. Kv‡Ri wfwˇZ fvRK wUmy¨ KZ cÖKvi?
M cøvR‡gvwWqvg N gvB‡KvcøvRgv iii. †Kv‡li cyb©R‡š§ mvnvh¨ K‡i K 2 cÖKvi
3. †K¬v‡ivcøv‡÷i †Kv_vq †K¬v‡ivwdj _v‡K? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? L 3 cÖKvi

K _vBjvK‡qW L †÷ªvgv K i I ii L i I iii M 4 cÖKvi

M ii I iii N i, ii I iii N 5 cÖKvi
M †÷ªvgv j¨v‡gwj N AveiYx
20. †KvbwU ev÷ dvBev‡ii D`vniY?
4. wb‡Pi †KvbwU AveiYnxb mvB‡UvcøvRgxq 11. mvB‡UvcøvR‡gi wefvRb‡K wK e‡j?
K mvB‡UvKvB‡bwmm K cvU L Zvj
A½vYy?
L †cÖv‡dR M bvi‡Kj N Zzjv
K MjwR ewW L ivB‡ev‡Rvg
M B›Uvi‡dR 21. †KvbwU †cøU fvRK wUmy¨ w`‡q ˆZwi?
M jvB‡mv‡mvg N cvi Aw·‡Rvg
N K¨vwiIKvB‡bwmm K cvZv
5. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z †Kvqv‡›Uv‡mvg cvIqv
12. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †cÖvK¨vwiIwUK? L K‡U©·
hvq?
K wiKwkqv L BD‡jvw_ª· M g¾v
K ivB‡ev‡Rvg L MjwR ewW
M wgDKi N E.coli
N g¾v iwk¥
M †K¬v‡ivcøv÷ N gvB‡UvwKÛªqv
13. wb‡Pi †KvbwU e¨vK‡Uwiqv RwbZ †ivM? 22. wUmy¨ KvjPv‡ii Avwe®‹viK †K?
6. †Kvl P‡µ wm‡š’wmm ch©v‡qi mgqKvj KZ K G. Haberlandt
K h²v
kZvsk? L T. Morgan
L emšÍ M J. Williamson
K 10  20% L 30  40%
M GBWm N F. Sanger
M 30  50% N 90  95%
N Bbd¬‡z qÄv 23. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖwµqvi mv‡_ ÔG·cøv›UÕ
7. †Kvl wefvR‡bi †Kvb ch©v‡q †µv‡gv‡mvg RwoZ?
14. †KvbwU Am¤ú~Y© dzj
†giæi w`‡K avweZ nq? K †RwbwUK BwÄwbqvwis
K ayZziv L Kzgov
K †cÖv‡dR L †gUv‡dR L wUmy¨ KvjPvi
M †cqviv N gUiïuwU
M A¨vbv‡dR N †U‡jv‡dR M wRb †K¬vwbs
15. wb‡Pi †Kvb Dw™¢`‡K cvg dvY© e‡j?
8. gvB‡Uvwmm †Kvl wefvR‡bi †Kvb av‡c K wbUvg N wR‡bvg wm‡Kv‡qwÝs
†µv‡gv‡mvg¸‡jv welyexq A‡j Ae¯’vb L wcbvm 24. wUmy¨ KvjPv‡ii mgq gvZ…Dw™¢` †_‡K
K‡i? M mvBKvm c„_KK…Z As‡ki bvg Kx?
K †cÖv †gUv‡dR L †gUv‡dR N †cv‡WvKvc©vm K †gwi‡÷g
M A¨vbv‡dR N †U‡jv‡dR 16. wb‡Pi †KvbwU gvm fvRK wUmy¨i D`vniY? L gvB‡µv cø¨v›U‡jU
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 9 I 10 bs K Kv‡Ði g¾v iwk¥ M G·cø¨v›U
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : L cvZv N K¨vjvm
M G‡Ûv¯úvg© wUmy¨ 25. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †cÖvK¨vw¤^qvg †_‡K m„wó nq?
N ea©bkxj Z¡K K K‡U©·
17. †Kvb Dw™¢‡`i nvBWv‡_vW cvIqv hvq? L RvB‡jg
M K Avg L †cqviv M g¾v
M U‡g‡Uv N Rev N g¾v iwk¥
 55

ivRkvnx K¨v‡WU K‡jR welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶v c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. GKwU wØm~ÎK DNA †_‡K Pvievi PCR 11. C3 P‡µ wb‡Pi †KvbwU N‡U bv?  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 19 I 20 bs
Kivi gva¨‡g KZ¸‡jv wØm~Î DNA cvIqv K Kve©b wd‡·kb cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
hvq? L CO2 wbM©gb
K4 L8 M NADPH Gi RviY
M 16 N 32 N CO2 MÖnxZvi cybiærcv`b
2. MÖvDÛ †gwi‡÷g †_‡K wb‡Pi †KvbwUi  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 12 I 13 bs cÖ‡kœi
DrcwË nq? DËi `vI :
K fv¯‹zjvi evÛj L Gwc‡eøgv
Mø‡y KvR  cvBiæwfK A¨vwmW 19. Dc‡ii wP‡Î †Kvb ai‡bi fv¯‹zjvi evÛj
M g¾v N K¨vw¤^qvg
†`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q?
3. Rev dz‡ji cys¯Íe‡Ki †ÿ‡Î †Kvb c`wU 12. Dc‡ii wewµqvwU eySvq K gy³ mgcvk¦©xq L e× mgcvk¦©xq
K MøvB‡KvjvBwmm L A¨vwmUvBj CoA
e¨envi Kiv nq? M mgwØcvk©xq N †d¬v‡qg †Kw›`ªK
M †K¬em Pµ N ETS
K GK¸”Q L wظ”Q 20. KvqvRgvUv ¯úófv‡e `„wó‡MvPi nq †Kvb
M eû¸”Q N hy³civMavbx
13. Dc‡ii wewµqvwUi †Kvb av‡c cvwb wbM©gb nq?
av‡c?
K 3- wemdm‡dvwMømv‡iU  3
4. Dw™¢‡`i ˆewkó¨ejx DbœZ n‡Z cv‡i K RvB‡MvwUb L c¨vKvBwUb
K msKivqb L †K¬vwbs
dm‡dvwMømv‡iU M wW‡cøvwUb N WvqvKvB‡bwmm
M mvBweªWvB‡Rkb N wUmy¨ KvjPvi L 3- dm‡dvwMømv‡iU  2 21. cwiPµ Ges g¾vi g‡a¨ ms‡hvM iÿv Kiv
dm‡dvwMømv‡iU †KvbwUi KvR?
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 5 I 6 bs
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M 2- dm‡dvwMømv‡iU  dm‡dvBbj K K‡U©· L g¾v
cvDiæ‡fU M g¾v iwk¥ N w÷jx
N dm‡dvBbjcvDiæ‡fU  cvDiæ‡fU  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 22 I 23 bs
14. †µv‡gvcøv‡÷ iwOb Ae¯’vi Rb¨ `vqx †Kvb cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
5. DÏxc‡Ki dm‡dvwjwcW evB‡jqviwU †Kvb wcM‡g›U?
cÖK…wZi? i. Chlorophyll
K nvB‡WªvwdwjK L nvB‡Wªv‡dvweK ii. Xanthophyll
M A¨vwçwdwjK N †KvbwUB bq iii. Carotene
6. DÏxc‡Ki †Kvl cÖvPxiwUi Dcv`vb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii 22. Dc‡ii wPÎwU‡Z †Kvl wefvR‡bi †Kvb
i. †ccwU‡Wv MøvBKvb
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii avcwU cwijwÿZ n‡”Q?
ii. wgDivwgK GwmW
iii. wU‡KvwqK GwmW
15. †µv‡gv‡mv‡g †cÖvwU‡bi cwigvY KZ? K †cÖv‡dR L †gUv‡dR
K 35% L 45% M A¨vbv‡dR N †U‡jv‡dR
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M 55% N 65% 23. fvB‡ivjwRi RbK †K?
K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
16. Dw™¢‡`i †m‡KÛvwi e„wׇZ †KvbwU K W.M Stanly
Drcvw`Z nq? L Edward Jenner
7. cøvR‡gvwWqv‡gi RxebP‡µ M F.C Bawden
i. †cwiWvg©
G·d¬¨v‡R‡jkb N‡U N Dmitri lvanovosky
ii. K¨vw¤^qvg
K †¯úv‡iv‡Rv‡qU  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 24 I 24 bs
iii. †cÖv‡UvWvg©
L gvB‡µvM¨vwg‡UvmvBU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M g¨v‡µvM¨vwg‡UvmvBU
K i I ii L i I iii
N mvBR›U
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
8. cvZvq µvÄ GbvUwg‡Z, CO2 wd‡·k‡bi
17. RNA cÖv‡šÍ †R‡bwUK †Kv‡Wi wZbwU
ïiæ‡Z cvDiæwfK GwmW Drcv`‡bi
wbDwK¬IUvB‡Wi µg Kx bv‡g cwiwPZ?
cÖwµqvwU N‡U K †KvWb L A¨vw›U‡KvWb 24. †Kvb Av‡jv‡K Dc‡ii wPÎwUi †Lvjv
K iÿx †Kvl L †g‡mvwdj Z¡ivwš^Z nq?
M Bb›Uªb N G·b
M evÛjmx_ N fv¯‹zjvi evÛj K jvj L bxj
18. mvBKv‡mi ¯úvg©v‡Uv‡Rv‡qWm Gi ˆewkó¨
9. RNP †Kv_vq cvIqv hvq? M Kgjv N meyR
n‡jv
K wbDwK¬‡qvcøvRg 25. cÎiܪ †Lvjv mv‡c‡ÿ wb‡Pi †Kvb
i. eûd¬¨v‡Rjvhy³
L G‡ÛvcøvRwgK †iwUKzjvg cÖ w µqvwU N‡U?
ii. Dw™¢`RM‡Zi g‡a¨ me©e„nr
M jvB‡mv‡mvg i. mv‡jvKms‡kølY
iii. bvwjKv †Kv‡li wbDwK¬qv‡m ïµvYy
N MjwM ewW ii. k¦mb
ˆZwi nq
10. MÖnxZv †Kv‡l cwi‡ek †_‡K DNA LÛvsk iii. cÖ‡¯^`b
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M„nxZ n‡Z cv‡i hv‡K ejv nq K i I ii L i I iii
K UªvÝdi‡gkb L UªvÝWvKkb K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M KbRy‡Mkb N A¨vwmwg‡jkb
 56

Kzwgjøv K¨v‡WU K‡jR welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶v c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. Uªv݇cvU©vi cvIqv hvq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 1921 bs
K wbDwK¬qvi Gb‡fj‡c K i I ii L i I iii cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
L †iwcø‡Kkb d‡K© M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M †mw›UªI‡j 10. †cvw›Uª wk‡íi Rb¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU
N gvB‡µvwUDweDj‡m wec¾bK?
2. fvBiv‡m †KvbwU Dcw¯’Z? K H1N1 L H5N1
K m-RNA L t-RNA M MERS N HIV
M r-RNA N g-RNA 11. wb‡Pi †KvbwU e¨vK‡UwiqvRwbZ †ivM?
wPÎ : R
3. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mgvwß †KvWb? K †ncvUvBwUm L h²v
K AUG L UAA
19. wPÎ R cvIqv hvq
M g¨v‡jwiqv N c·
K Gossypium herbacium
M UGC N AGU
12. †ncvwUK mvB‡RvMwbi ch©vq L Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 4 I 5bs cÖ‡kœi i. wµ‡Þv‡Rv‡qU M Oryza sativa
DËi `vI : ii. mvBR›U N Abelmoscus esculentus
iii. wµ‡Þv‡g‡ivR‡qU 20. wPÎ -R G we`¨gvb
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i. †jgv
A
K i I ii L i I iii ii. c¨vwjqv
iii. wjwMDj
4. A wPwýZ As‡ki bvg M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K wm÷vwb© L Aw·‡Rvg 13. wØexRcÎx Dw™¢ ‡`i Kv‡Ð †Kvb ai‡bi
K i I ii L i I iii
M wUDweDj N wµw÷ fv¯‹zjvi evÛj cvIqv hvq?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
5. wPÎ-P †Z _v‡K K Aixq
21. wPÎ-R Gi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
i. ETC L mgcvk¦x©q gy³
i. jwWwKDj bvgK cy®úcyU
ii. ATP wmb‡_‡mm M mgcvk¦x©q e×
ii. K›UwKZ civM‡iYy
iii. d‡Uvwmb‡_wUK BDwbU N n¨v‡Ûªv‡mw›UªK
iii. me©gyL civMavbx
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 14. †iwcø‡Kkb d‡K© nvB‡Wªv‡Rb eÜb ˆZwi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii n‡Z evav cÖ`vb K‡i †KvbwU? K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K SSBP M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
6. w¯úÛj dvBevi †Kvb ch©v‡q m„wó nq? L U‡cvAvB‡mvgv‡iR 22. ewntw÷jxq A‡j we`¨gvb
K †cÖv‡dR L †cÖv-†gUv‡dR M †nwj‡KR i. AšÍtZ¡K
M †gUv‡dR N †U‡jv‡dR N cÖvB‡gR ii. cwiPµ
7. wmb¨vcwmm †Kvb Dc-ch©v‡q N‡U? 15. gvB‡µv‡¯úv‡ivwd‡j _v‡K iii. K‡U©·
K †j‡ÞvwUb L RvB‡MvwUb i. wcwbDj wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M c¨vKvBwUb N wW‡cøvwUb ii. †mvivm K i I ii L i I iii
 wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i wfwˇZ 8 I 9bs cÖ‡kœi iii. A¨v‡cvdvBwmm M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
DËi `vI : wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 23. Dracaena -†Z †Kvb ai‡bi fv¯‹zjvi evÛj
KuvPv †LRy‡ii im cvb Kivi ci kwdK K i I ii L i I iii †`Lv hvq?
Amy¯’ †eva K‡i| Lye †ewk R¡i nIqvi K †Kw›`ªK L n¨v‡Wªv‡mw›UªK
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M †j‡Þv‡mwUªK N Aixq
Kvi‡Y Zv‡K nvmcvZv‡j fwZ© Kiv nq| 16. wb‡P †KvbwUi g~jxq Agivweb¨vm i‡q‡Q?
8. kwd‡Ki †iv‡Mi Rb¨ `vqx †KvbwU? 24. RvB‡jg I †d¬v‡qg wUmy¨ Drcbœ nq
K gUi L Rev
K SARS fvBivm K †cÖv‡UvWv‡g©
M avb N kvcjv
L †cÖvK¨vw¤^qv‡g
L wRKv fvBivm 17. cÎi‡Üªi †Lvjvi cÖwµqv Z¡ivwš^Z K‡i
M MÖvDÛ †gwi‡÷‡g
M MERS fvBivm †KvbwU? N wb‡ewkZ fvRK wUmy¨‡Z
N wbcv fvBivm K bxj Av‡jv L jvj Av‡jv 25. †Kvb weÁvbx gZev` †`b †h †k¦Zmvi-
9. Dc‡ii fvBivmwU GKwU M njy` Av‡jv N Kgjv Av‡jv Mø‡y KvR AvšÍtiƒcvšÍi pH Gi cwieZ©‡bi
i. AviGbG fvBivm 18. MvW©j AvK…wZi †K¬v‡ivcøv÷ cvIqv hvq Kvi‡Y msNwUZ nq?
ii. wWGbG fvBivm K Pithophora L Zygnema K H Von Mohl L F E Loyd
iii. gvj‡qwkqv‡Z cÖ_g cvIqv hvq M Spirogyra N Ulothrix M S Imamura N Sayre
 57

bUi †Wg K‡jR, XvKv welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶v c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. wb‡Pi †KvbwU KvR Abymv‡i fvRK wUmy¨i 8. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwUi †ÿ‡Î mwVK wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
†kÖwYweb¨vm? i. iÿx‡Kv‡l H+ n«vm K i I ii L i I iii
K †cÖv‡gwi‡÷g L †cÖvK¨vw¤^qvg ii. iÿx‡Kv‡l K+ n«vm M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M B›UviK¨vjwi N wie iii. iÿx‡Kv‡l ÷vP© n«vm 16. jvj I j¤^ v cÖ K U ˆewkó¨ enbKvix msKi
2. †Kvb µgwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Dw™¢ ` (RrTt) Gi mv‡_ mv`v I Le©vKvi
K cÎiܪ  cvwb Zij AvKv‡i wbM©Z nq K i I ii L i I iii cÖ”Qbœ ˆewkó¨ enbKvix Dw™¢‡`i msKivqY
L cvwb cÎiܪ  cvZvi EaŸ© I M ii I iii N i, ii I iii (rrtt) NUv‡bv n‡jv, †m‡ÿ‡Î wb¤œ wjwLZ
wb¤œZ‡¡ K Ae¯’vb K‡i 9. †Mv‡ìb ivB‡m †Kvb Dcv`vb ˆZwii wRb †d‡bvUvBc PviwU n‡jv
M Gwc‡eøgv  g~‡ji wKDwUKjwenxb ms‡hvRb Kiv n‡q‡Q? K9:3:3:1 L4:4:4:4
ewntZ¡K i. weUv K¨v‡ivwUb M 16 : 0 : 0 : 0 N 13 : 1 : 1 : 1
N K¨vw¤^qvg  we‡kl ai‡bi ¯’vqx wUmy¨ ii. wR¼ 17. mwVK †Rvo †KvbwU?
3. GKexRcÎx Kv‡Ði Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ iii. Avqib K gyLgÐjxq Aw¯’c¨v‡jUvBb
i. cwienb Kjv¸”Q mshy³, gy³ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? L †giæ`ÐK¬¨vwfKj
ii. RvB‡jg Y ev V AvK…wZi K i I ii L i I iii M eÿwcÄi¯‹¨vcyjv
iii. ewntZ¡‡K wKDwUKj Dcw¯’Z M ii I iii N i, ii I iii N K‡ivwUKv-j¨vwµgvj
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 10. Malvaceae †Mv‡Îi kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨ 18. cxZ-Zš‘ gq ZiæYvw¯’ †KvbwU‡Z Aew¯’Z?
K i I ii L i I iii K wdgv‡ii g¯ÍK L cï©Kvi cÖvšÍfvM
i. Agivweb¨vm Aÿxq
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M wcbv
ii. civM‡iYy e„nr I KÈwKZ
4. g~‡ji AšÍtw÷jxq A‡ji Ask wb‡Pi N AvšÍtK‡kiæKxq PvKwZ
iii. cy®úgÄwi ¯úvBK‡jU
†KvbwU? 19. †KvbwUi Aw·‡Rb enb Kivi ÿgZv Av‡Q?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
i. cwiPµ K jwmKv L wmivg
K i I ii L i I iii
ii. RvB‡jg M i³im N †mivm im
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
iii. g¾viwk¥ 20. O †kÖwYi i‡³
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 11. Bbmywjb-Gi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ K A¨vw›U‡Rb I A¨vw›UewW _v‡K bv
K i I ii L i I iii i. ÿz`ªvKvi mij †cÖvwUb L A¨vw›U‡Rb A I A¨vw›UewW b _v‡K
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii ii. AMœ¨vk‡qi weUv †Kvl †_‡K ˆZwi M A¨vw›U‡Rb †bB wKš‘ a Ges b
5. µ¨vÄ A¨vbvUwgi †ÿ‡Î mwVK iii. Gi wRb 51wU bvB‡Uªv‡Rbvm ÿviwewkó A¨vw›UewW _v‡K
i. Nvm, Bÿz I fzÆv Dw™¢‡` cvIqv hvq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N A¨vw›U‡Rb A I B Ges A¨vw›UewW a I
ii. †g‡mvwdj wUmy¨‡K wN‡i e¨vÛjmx_ K i I ii L i I iii b _v‡K
wUmy¨i ejq _v‡K M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 21. gvbe‡`‡ni Wvb dzmdz‡m †gvU †jvweDj
iii. Kg CO2 Dcw¯’wZ‡Z mv‡jvKms‡kølY N‡U 12. †KvbwU mwVK? KZwU?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K wØwb‡lK N‡U = Ephedra K 3wU L 8wU
K i I ii L i I iii L kuvm n¨vcø‡qW = Avg M 10wU N 18wU
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M †d¬v‡qg wUmy¨‡Z m½x‡Kvl _v‡K = Cycas 22. wbD‡gvU¨vw·K ¯œ v qy‡K›`ªwU †Kv_vq
6. jybGWMo ‰i gZev` AbymvGi ˆKvbwU mwVK? N Mf©cvZ cy®ú = A‡avMf© Mf©vkq Aew¯’ Z ?
i. †cÖvUb cv¤ú N‡U K †gWzjv AejsMvUvq
13. GKwU cy‡®ú e„Z¨s‡ki msL¨v 40wU n‡j
ii. A¨vbvqb mwµqfv‡e †kvwlZ nq L †m‡i‡ejv‡g
i. UªvB‡givm cy®ú
iii. K¨vUvqb wbw®µqfv‡e †kvwlZ nq M cb‡m
ii. †UUªv‡givm cy®ú
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N Wvb †m‡ieªvj †nwgwùqv‡i
iii. †c›Uv‡givm cy®ú
K i I ii L i I iii 23. i‡³i †ewkifvM Kve©b WvBA·vBW
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb¤œwjwLZ †Kvb iƒ‡ci eZ©gvb?
K i I ii L i I iii K Kve©b WvBA·vBW
 wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii L Kve©wbK A¨vwmW
DËi `vI :
14. ¯^vfvweK gvZv I wn‡gvwdwjK wcZvi M Kve©b g‡bv·vBW
Kb¨vi m‡½ ¯^vfvweK cyiæ‡li weevn n‡j N evBKve©‡bU
Zv‡`i evnK Kb¨v mšÍv‡bi kZKiv nvi 24. †h wQ`ª w`‡q gyLweei j¨vwis‡·i mv‡_ hy³
n‡e _v‡K Zvn‡jv
K 25% L 50% K j¨vwis· L d¨vwis·
7. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwUi mv‡_ LwbR jeY M bvmviܪ N MøwUm
M 75% N 100%
cwi‡kvlY Gi †Kvb gZev`wU m¤úwK©Z? 25. RxeweÁv‡b ÔweeZ©bÕ Gi A_© n‡jv
K Avqb wewbgq gZev` 15. ¯úvBbvj cÖ‡mm
K Rxevk¥gÐwj Lye cyiv‡bv
L e¨vcb gZev` i. †cwk mshyw³i ¯’vb
L mgy‡`ªi cvwb n‡Z Rxeb m„wó
M †jwmw_b evnK gZev` ii. Pj‡b KvR K‡i M mRxe e¯‘ me©`v cwieZ©bkxj
N e¨vcK cÖevn gZev` iii. K‡kiæKvi mv‡_ K‡kiæKv‡K hy³ K‡i N ebgvbyl †_‡K gvbyl m„wó n‡q‡Q
 58

ivRDK DËiv g‡Wj K‡jR, XvKv welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶v c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. †Kvb A½vYy wjwcW wecv‡Ki GbRvBg 10. Plasmodium vivas Gi myßve¯’v KZ w`b? 18. k¦m‡bi B‡jKUªb Uªv݇cvU© wm‡÷‡g
aviY K‡i? K 12  20 B‡jKUª‡bi †kl MÖwnZv †KvbwU?
K cviAw·‡mvg K cvwb
L 16  20
L MøvBAw·‡mvg L mvB‡Uv‡µvg
M 6  12 M ATP Synthase
M jvB‡mv‡mvg
N MjwM e¯‘ N 12  16 N Aw·‡Rb

2. †KvbwU MjwM e¯‘i bvg bq? 19. Bbmywj‡b KZwU cwj‡ccUvBW _v‡K?
11. e¨vK‡Uwiqvi †ÿ‡Î
K wWKUv‡qv‡mvg K1 L2
i. fwjDwUb Lv`¨ mÂq K‡i
L BwWI‡mvg M 3 N4
ii. d¬¨v‡Rjv I wcwj Pj‡b mvnvh¨ K‡i 20. †Kvb wbDwK¬K Gwm‡W A¨vw›U‡KvWb _v‡K?
M jvB‡cvKwÛªqv
iii. †µv‡gv‡mvg mvB‡UvcøvR‡g Ae¯’vb K eDNA L rRNA
N IwjI‡mvg
K‡i M tRNA N mRNA
3. †KvlwSwjøi MVbMZ ˆewkó¨ n‡jv 21. mv‡jvKms‡køl‡Yi Av‡jvK ch©v‡q †KvbwU
i. Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU memgq wSwjøi ewnt¯Í‡i
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
Drcbœ nq?
_v‡K K i I ii L ii I iii
K ATP I kK©iv
ii. Gi ﮋ IR‡bi 75 fvMB wjwcW M i I iii N i, ii I iii L NADPH2 I kK©iv
iii. wZb ai‡bi †cÖvwUb _v‡K 12. av‡bi cy®úcyU‡K Kx e‡j? M ATP I NADPH2
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K †jgv N NADPH2 I cvwb
K i I ii L ii I iii 22. †Kvb c×wZ‡K EMP c_ e‡j?
L c¨vwjqv
M i I iii N i, ii I iii K MøvB‡KvjvBwmm
M †jvwWwKDj
4. †KvbwU ÷c †KvWb bq? L K¨vjwfb Pµ
N ¯úvBK‡jU
K UAA L UAG M †µem Pµ
M AUG N UGA 13. Abelmoschus esculentus †KvbwUi
N Av‡jvK k¦mb
5. †Kvl P‡µi †Kvb ch©v‡q mvBwK¬b ˆZwi ˆeÁvwbK bvg?
 wb‡Pi DÏxcK †_‡K 23 I 24 bs cÖ‡kœi
nq? K cÙ L †Xuom
DËi `vI :
K G1 LS M Zzjv N cvU
M G2 NM
14. †Kvb ai‡bi cy®úcÎweb¨v‡m GKwU cvcwo
6. `yBwU evBf¨v‡j‡›U KqwU †µv‡gvwUW _v‡K?
K2 L4 wfZ‡i I GKwU evB‡i _v‡K?
M6 N8 K fvj‡fU
7. gvB‡Uvwm‡mi †Kvb av‡c †µv‡gv‡mvgxq L UzB‡÷W A
b„Z¨ †`Lv hvq? M Bgweª‡KU B
K †cÖv‡dR N †fw·jvwi 23. DÏxc‡Ki A As‡ki bvg Kx?
L †cÖv‡gUv‡dR K G·cø¨v›U L wgwWqvg
15. wKDwUKj ¯Íi ˆZwi nq Kx w`‡q?
M †gUv‡dR M K¨v¤úvm N AbyPviv
K †mjy‡jvR I †nwg‡mjy‡jvR
N A¨vbv‡dR 24. B AskwU Aa© KwVb Kivi Rb¨ Kx e¨en„Z
L †mjy‡jvR I †cKwUb
8. †KvbwU BgvwR©s fvBivm bq? nq?
M wKDwUb I †cKwUb
K HIV K g¨v‡µv‡gŠj
L TMV N wKDwUb I my‡ewib
L gvB‡µv‡gŠj
M SARS 16. †Kvb fvRK wUmy¨ cvZvi AvqZb evovq? M A¨vMvi
N K‡ivbv
K gvm L †cøU N cvwb
9. †KvbwU Wvj RvZxq Dw™¢‡`i g~‡j bwWDj
M wie N †m‡KÛvwi 25. B›Uvi‡dib †KvbwU cÖwZ‡ivax?
ˆZwi K‡i?
17. nvB‡Wªv‡mw›UªK fv¯‹zjvi evÛj cvIqv hvq K fvBivm
K Nitrosomonas
†KvbwU‡Z? L e¨vK‡Uwiqv
L Pseudomonos
M Rhizobium K Pteris L Dracaena M QÎvK
N Streptococcus M Yucca N Cycas N g¨v‡jwiqv RxevYy
 59

nwj µm K‡jR, XvKv welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶v c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. †Kvb AvqbwU me‡P‡q `ªæZ MwZ‡Z †kvwlZ  wbGPi wPGòi AvGjvGK 11 I 12 bs cÉGk²i 19. DNA Abywjcb cÖwµqvq
nq? Dîi `vI : i. Leading Strand ˆZwi‡Z A‡bK¸‡jv
K K+ L Ca+ cÖvBgvi jv‡M
M C1- N SO42– ii. Lagging Strand G DNA Polymerase
2. †µv‡gv‡mv‡gi †Kvb Ask DNA Gi I cÖ‡qvRb
†KvwWs AÂj‡K aŸsmcÖvß nIqv †_‡K
iii. bZzb m~Î memgq 5  3 Awfgy‡L
iÿv K‡i?
ˆZwi nq
K KvB‡b‡Uv‡Kvi L m¨v‡UjvBU
11. DÏxcK wewkó GKwU Dw™¢` n‡jv Ñ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M †m‡›Uªvwgqvi N †U‡jvwgqvi
K Abelmoschus esculentus K i I ii L i I iii
3. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖwµqvwU cÖ‡qvRbxq Ag½j L Triticum aestivum M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i? M Oryza sativa 20. LwbR jeY †kvl‡Yi †h gZev‡`
K cÖ‡¯^`b N Zea mays
mvB‡Uv‡µv‡gi mvnvh¨ cÖ‡qvRb Zv‡Z
L LwbR jeY †kvlY 12. D³ Dw™¢‡`i dz‡j Kx ai‡bi Agivweb¨vm
ga¨eZx© mvB‡Uv‡µvg hLb RvwiZ _v‡K
M k¦mb cvIqv hvq?
ZLb
N mvjKms‡kølY K cÖvšÍxq L g~jxq
K Cyt-a RvwiZ Ae¯’vq _v‡K
 wbGPi wPGòi AvGjvGK 4-6 bs cÉGk²i Dîi M eûcÖvšÍxq N Aÿxq
L Cyt-b, Cyt-c †K e- `vb Ki‡e
`vI : 13. †Kvb dz‡ji cvcwoi Gw÷‡fkb Bw¤^ª‡KU
M Cyt-c †Z Avqib Fe2+ Ae¯’vq _v‡K
Z ai‡bi? N Cyt-a evwn‡ii Zj †_‡K A- MÖnY K‡i
K Rev L K…òP‚ov
X M mwilv N AcivwRZv
 wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 14  16 bs cÉGk²i
wPÎ : Y Dîi `vI : 21. e¨v‡±wiqvwU
4. X AskwU Ñ A·v‡jv A¨vwmwUK A¨vwmW  K mviwmbv L †÷ª‡ÞvK°vm
K K¨váyj L K¨v‡ávwgqvi g¨vwjK A¨vwmW M ÷¨vdvB‡jvK°vm N †UUªvK°vm
M K¨vwáW N wbDwK¬IK¨vwáW 14. Dc‡iv³ wewµqvwU †Kv_vq N‡U?  wbGPi wPGòi AvGjvGK 22 I 23 bs cÉGk²i
5. Z AYy‡Z †KvbwU _v‡K? K gvB‡UvKwÛªqvi g¨vwUª‡· Dîi `vI :
i. †ccUvBW eÛ L †g‡mvwdj †K¬v‡ivcøv‡÷i †÷ªvgv‡Z
ii. dm‡dv WvBG÷vi eÛ M evÛjkx_ †K¬v‡ivcøv‡÷i †÷ªvgv‡Z
iii. MøvB‡KvmvBwWK eÛ N †K¬v‡ivcøv‡÷i _vBjvK‡q‡W
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 15. Gi c‡ii av‡c Kx ˆZwi nq?
K cvBiæwfK A¨vwmW
22. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎwU †Kvb Dw™¢‡`i AšÍM©V‡b
K i I ii L i I iii
L mvBwUªK A¨vwmW
cvIqv hv‡e?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K †Qvjv L fzÆv
6. DÏxc‡Ki Y– M dm‡dvGbj cvBiæwfK A¨vwmW
M Rev N Cycas
K e¨v‡±wiIdvR N wdDgvwiK A¨vwmW
23. DÏxc‡Ki Dw™¢` Ges GKwU Avg MvQ
L ¯úvBK evnx 16. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqv‡Z †Kvb GbRvBg KvR
Df‡qiB Kv‡Ð cvIqv hv‡e
M Gb‡fjc hy³ K‡i?
K nvB‡cvWvwg©m L KvЇivg
N mvB‡UvcøvRgwenxb K AvB‡mvgv‡iR L KvB‡bR
M ÷vP© wm_
7. 4 AYy Mø‡y KvR n‡Z mevZ k¦m‡bi wØZxq M Kv‡e©vw·‡jR N wWnvB‡WªvwR‡bR
N K¨vw¤^qvg wewkó fv¯‹zjvi evÛj
av‡c KZwU NADPH ˆZwi nq? 17. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †KvqvU©vb g¨v‡jwiqv enb
24. me©e„nr ïµvYy wewkó Dw™¢‡`i Ñ
K2 L4 K‡i?
i. cvZv WvBgiwdK ai‡bi
M8 N 24 K Plasmodium vivax
ii. KvÐ ¯’vqx cÎg~j Øviv Av”Qvw`Z
8. cøvRgv‡gg‡eª‡bi MV‡b †KvbwU Abycw¯’Z? L Plasmodium ovale
M iii. AvwK©‡Mvwbqv Dcw¯’Z
K MøvB‡KvwjwcW L †Kv‡j‡÷ij Plasmodium malariae
N Plasmodium falciparum wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M wjMwbb N dm‡dvwjwcW
18. gv‡qvwmm- 1 wefvR‡bi `xN© ¯ v
’ qx `kvi K i I ii L i I iii
9. g¾viwk¥ †Kvb ai‡bi fvRK wUmy¨ †_‡K
ˆewkó¨ †KvbwU? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
ˆZwi nq?
K †m‡›Uª v wgqv‡ii wefw³ N‡U 25. cøvR‡gvwWqv‡gi n¨vcø‡qW Ae¯’vq cÖ_g
K wie L †cøU
L mgms¯’ †µv‡gv‡mvg‡Rvo KvqvRgv †Kvl †Kv_vq m„wó nq?
M gvm N †cÖv‡UvWvg©
¯’v ‡b wew”Qbœ nq K hK…‡Z
10. wb‡¤œi †Kvb wm‡Kv‡q‡Ýi Dci †iw÷ªKkb
M wbDwK¬ I jv‡mi wejy w ß N‡U L †jvwnZ i³ KwYKvq
GbRvBg Kvh©Kix n‡e?
N †µv‡gv‡mvg¸‡jv V, L, J, I M gkKxi MÖæ‡ci cÖvPx‡i
K GGCCAT L GGATCC
M ATCCGG N GCATCA AvK…wZcÖvß nq N gkKxi jvjv MÖwš’‡Z
 60

miKvwi weÁvb K‡jR, †ZRMuvI, XvKv welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶v c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. GKwU Gw›U‡KvW‡b KZwU bvB‡Uªv‡Rb †em  wbGPi wPGòi AvGjvGK 11 I 12 bs cÉGk²i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
_v‡K? Dîi `vI : K i I ii L i I iii
K2 L3 A M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M4 N6 18. me‡P‡q axi MwZ‡Z †Kvb Avqb †kvwlZ nq?
B
2. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Avw`‡Kvlx Rxe? K Ca++ L Co++
++
K B÷ L A¨vwgev 11. wP‡Î 'B' AskwU GKwU M Cu N Mg++
M cøvR‡gvwWqvg N gvB‡KvcøvRgv K e¨vK‡Uwiqv L fvBivm 19. GKexRcÎx Dw™¢‡`i Kv‡Ði fv¯‹zjvi
3. †Kvl MnŸ‡ii KvR n‡jv M QÎvK N evЇj
A¨vw±‡bvgvBwmwUm K RvB‡jg I †d¬v‡qg wfbœ wfbœ e¨vmv‡a© _v‡K
i. wewfbœ iÄK c`v_© aviY Kiv
12. DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Î L RvB‡jg wUmy¨i MVb A‡bKUv 'V' ev
ii. †Kv‡l cvwbi Pvc iÿv Kiv
i. 'A' AveiYwU †cÖvwUb wbwg©Z 'Y' AvK…wZi
iii. †Kv‡li eR©¨ c`v_© aviY Kiv
As‡k fvBivj Gi Aby w jcb N‡U M †d¬v‡qg Øviv RvB‡jg PZzw`©‡K †ewóZ _v‡K
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? ii. 'B' DNA
iii. 'B' †KvlwU †kl av‡c weMwjZ nq N RvB‡jg I †d¬v‡q‡gi gv‡S K¨vw¤^qvg _v‡K
K i I ii L i I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 20. LwbR jeY cwi‡kvl‡Yi mvB‡Uv‡µvg
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
4. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †Kv‡li †cÖvwUb d¨v±ix? K i I ii L i I iii cv¤ú aviYvi cÖe³v
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K Bennet Clark L Piter Mitchell
K MjwR e¯‘ L ivB‡ev‡mvg
M Lundigardth N Van den Honert
M gvB‡UvKwÛªqv N jvB‡mv‡mvg  wbGPi wPò `ywU jÞ Ki 21. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡K Biological coin ejv nq?
5. †Kvb A½vYywUi gva¨‡g A‡Uvd¨vwM N‡U? K ADP L FAD
K ivB‡ev‡mvg L BwWI‡mvg M ATP N NAD
M jvB‡mv‡mvg N †m‡›Uªv‡mvg 22. 6NADH2 + 2FADH2 + 2GTP = KZwU
6. me©cÖ_g †µv‡gv‡mvg †K Avwe®‹vi K‡ib? ATP?
K W.Flemming L E. Strasberger 13. Dc‡ii wPÎ `ywU †h †Mv·K wb‡`©k K‡i K 20 L 24
M W. Stransfield N W. Waldeyer †mB †Mv‡Îi Dw™¢` †KvbwU? M 30 N 38
K Triticum aestivum
 wbGPi DóxcKwU Ki ‰es 7 I 8 bs cÉGk²i L Zea mays  wbGPi wPòwU jÞ Ki ‰es 23 I 24 bs
Dîi `vI : M Gossypium herbaceum cÉGk²i Dîi `vI :
N Cynodon dactylon
Q
wbGPi DóxcGKi AvGjvGK 14 I 15 bs

P
cÉGk²i Dîi `vI :
kvIb kx‡Zi QywU‡Z Zvi gvgvi evox
7. wP‡Î cÖ`wk©Z AYywU‡Z Abycw¯’Z iv½vgvwU‡Z †eov‡Z hvq| wd‡i G‡m R¡‡i 23. wP‡Î 'A' wPwýZ As‡ki bvg Kx?
K A¨v‡Wwbb L ¸qvwbb
AvµvšÍ nq| kvIb jÿ¨ Ki‡jv 48 N›Uv K iÿx‡Kvl L cÎiܪ
M BDivwmj N mvB‡Uvwmb
ci ci Kuvcywb w`‡q R¡i Avm‡Q| M mnKvix †Kvl N †jw›U‡mj
14. DÏxc‡Ki †ivMwUi Rb¨ †Kvb RxevYywU `vqx? 24. DÏxc‡Ki 'B' wPwýZ AskwU Dš§y³ nIqvi
8. cÖ`wk©Z AYywU GKm~ÎK wewkó n‡j G‡`i
K Plasmodium ovale
g‡a¨ †gŠwjK cv_©K¨ L Plasmodium falciparum KviY
i. ÿvi‡K M Plasmodium malariae i. AšÍtAwfmÖeY
ii. ˆewkó¨ wbqš¿‡Y N Plasmodium vivax ii. Av‡jvi Dcw¯’wZ
iii. myMv‡i 15. kvI‡bi AvµgYKvix RxevYy iii. ÷vP© mÂq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i. cÖ_‡g hK…‡Z AvµgY K‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii ii. memgq wWcø‡qW Ae¯’vq _v‡K K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii iii. †jvwnZ KwYKv aŸsm K‡i M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
9. wg‡qvwmm †Kvl wefvR‡bi d‡j wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?  wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 25 bs cÉGk²i
K i I ii L i I iii
i. Rx‡e ˆewP‡Î¨i m„wó nq Dîi `vI :
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
ii. ÿZ¯’vb c~iY K‡i Bbmywjb AMœ¨vkq †_‡K ˆZwi nq| GwU GKwU
iii. cÖRvwZi ¯^KxqZv wVK _v‡K
16. Dw™¢`Kz‡ji g‡a¨ me©e„nr ïµvYy †Kvb
ni‡gvb Ges B›Uvi‡dib †cÖvwU‡bi ÿz`ª MÖæc|
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? Dw™¢‡` cvIqv hvq?
25. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †hŠM `yBwU K…wÎgfv‡e
K Pinus L Sequoia
K i I ii L i I iii M Cycas N Gnetum ˆZwi nq
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 17. Dw™¢` Rxe‡b wUmy¨Zš¿ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©, KviY i. †R‡bwUK BwÄwbqvwis Gi gva¨‡g
10. wcÖqbm& n‡jv i. wUmy¨Zš¿ Dw™¢` †`n MVb, `„pZv I ii. wRb †K¬vwbs Gi gva¨‡g
K msµvgK †cÖvwUb dvBweªj hvwš¿K kw³ cÖ`vb K‡i iii. wUmy¨ KvjPv‡ii gva¨‡g
L msµvgK ÿz`ª RNA ii. Dw™¢`‡`‡n wewfbœ ai‡bi LwbR jeY I wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M fvBiv‡mi k~b¨ †cÖvwUb AveiY cvwb mieivn K‡i K i I ii L i I iii
N fvBiv‡mi ÿz`ª DNA iii. Dw™¢` cÖwZiÿvq wUmy¨Zš¿ KvR K‡i M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 61

weGGd kvnxb K‡jR, h‡kvi welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶v c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. †R‡bwUK BwÄwbqvwis Gi evnK 8. ÔjyKvwqZ cÎiÜªÕ cvIqv hvq †Kvb Dw™¢‡`? 18. Dw™¢`Kz‡ji g‡a¨ me©e„nr ïµvYy †Kvb
i. cøvRwgW K Kiex L nvBwWªjv Dw™¢‡`?
ii. KmwgW K Riccia L Gnetum
M kvcjv N KPzwicvbv
iii. dvh †f±i M Cycas N Pteris
9. MøvB‡KvjvBwmm Gi mgq 1wU NADH + H+ 19. Rev dz‡ji ¯¿x‡Kk‡ii msL¨v KqwU?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
†_‡K KqwU ATP cvIqv hvq? K GK L wZb
K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K 1wU L 2wU M cu v P N mvZ

2. †Mv‡ìb ivB‡m Av‡Q M 3wU N 4wU 20. evsjv‡`‡k KZ cÖRvwZi euvk cvIqv hvq?
i. weUv K¨v‡ivwUb 10. MøvB‡KvjvBwmm cÖwµqv m¤úbœ Ki‡Z KZwU K 26 L 27
ii. AvqiY ˆZwii wRb GbRvBg KvR K‡i? M 28 N 29
iii. mvjdvi ˆZwii wRb 21. †µv‡gv‡mvgvj b„Z¨ †`Lv hvq †Kvb `kvq?
K7 L8
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K †cÖv‡dR
M9 N 10
K i I ii L i I iii L †cÖv-†gUv‡dR
11. wb‡Pi †Kvb Dw™¢‡` nvBWv‡_vW we`¨gvb? M †gUv‡dR
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
3. GKwU DNA m~·Ki c~Yv© ½ cu¨v‡Pi ˆ`N©¨ K kmv L KPz N A¨vbv‡dR
17 Å n‡j H m~·K wbDwK¬IUvBW †Rv‡oi M †e¸b N gwiP 22. †KvlP‡µi ms‡kølY `kvq e¨wqZ mgq
msL¨v KZ n‡e? 12. Dw™¢`‡`‡ni Z¡K m„wóKvix wUmy¨‡K Kx ejv K 10  20%
K5 L 10
nq? L 30  40%
M 17 N 34
K MÖvDÛ †gwi‡÷g M 30  50%
 cÖevn wPÎwU †`L Ges 4 I 5 bs cÖ‡kœi
L †gwi‡÷g N 90  95%
DËi `vI :
A B M †cÖvK¨vw¤^qvg  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ¨ Ki Ges 23 I 24
DNA  RNA  †cÖvwUb
N †cÖv‡UvWvg© bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
4. DÏxc‡Ki B †Kvb cÖwµqv wb‡`©k K‡i?
K UªvÝwµckb 13. jvD Kv‡Ði fv¯‹zjvi evÛj †Kvb ai‡bi? 2n
L †icwj‡Kkb K mgcvk¦x©q L mgwØcvk¦x©q 2n
M UªvÝWvKkb M Aixq N †Kw›`ªK 2n
N Uªv݇jkb 14. cvZvi MÖvDÛ wUmy¨‡K Kx e‡j?23. DÏxc‡Ki †Kvl wefvRbwU msNwUZ nq
5. A cÖwµqvq e¨en„Z nq K K‡U©· i. †`n‡Kv‡l
K DNA cwjgv‡iR
L †g‡mvwdj ii. Rbb‡Kv‡l
L RNA cwjgv‡iR
M †cwimvB‡Kj iii. Rbbv‡½
M AvB‡mvgv‡iR
N g¾v wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N jvB‡MR
K i I ii L i I iii
 DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 5 I 6 bs cÖ‡kœi 15. †h fvRK wUmy¨i †Kvl¸‡jv GKZ‡j
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
DËi `vI : wefvwRZ nq Zv‡K Kx e‡j?
24. DÏxc‡K cÖ`wk©Z †Kvl wefvR‡bi †ÿ‡Î
ivBey‡jvR-1 5- RuBisco K wie L cvk¦x©q
+ CO2  Y cÖ‡hvR¨
wemdm‡dU M †cøU N gvm
6. DÏxc‡Ki wewµqvwU wb‡¤œi †Kvb Dw™¢‡` i. GK‡Kvlx my‡Kw›`ªK Rx‡e eske„w× N‡U
16. mvBKv‡m Kx ai‡bi km¨ †`Lv hvq? ii. †`‡ni ÿqc~iY I e„w× mvab N‡U
N‡U?
K gy_vNvm L fzÆv K n¨vcø‡ qW iii. gvZ… ˆewkó¨ AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K
M AvL N Avg L wWcø‡ qW wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
7. DÏxc‡Ki ‘Y’ Gi mv‡_ 1 AYy cvwb †hvM M wUªc‡ø qW K i I ii L i I iii
Ki‡j Kx ˆZwi n‡e? N †UUªvcø‡qW M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K 3-dm‡dvwMømvwiK A¨vwmW 25. †KvlP‡µi †Kvb ch© v‡q DNA Abywjcb
17. K¨vwiAcwmm-Gi D`vniY †KvbwU?
L A·v‡jv GwmwUK A¨vwmW nq?
K avb L Avg
M 3-dm‡dvwMømvivjwWnvBW KM LS
M Kjv N AvZv M G1 N G2
N dm‡dvBbj cvBiæwfK A¨vwmW
 62

Kzwgjøv wf‡±vwiqv miKvwi K‡jR welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶v c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. Flip-flop movement †KvbwU? 10. X wPwýZ AskwU e¨en„Z nq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K wSwjøi GKB ¯Í‡i wjwcW AYyi ¯’vb cwieZ©b i. wUmy¨ KvjPvi cÖhyw³‡Z K i I ii L i I iii
L wSwjøi GKB ¯Í‡i †cÖvwUb AYyi ¯’vb cwieZ©b ii. †RwbwUK BwÄwbqvwis-G M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M wSwjøi GKB ¯Í‡i †Kv‡j‡÷ij AYyi iii. †Zj Acmvi‡Y 18. †f‡mj _v‡K bv †KvbwU‡Z?
¯’vb cwieZ©b wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K Pteris L Gnetum
N wSwjøi GKB ¯Í‡i MøvB‡Kv‡cÖvwUb AYyi M Hibiscus N Abelmoschus
K i I ii L i I iii
¯’vb cwieZ©b M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 19 I 20 bs
2. †Kv‡j‡÷ij †KvlwSwjøi MVb Dcv`vb GwU cÖ‡ kœ i DËi `vI :
 wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K 11 I 12 bs cÖ‡kœi
i. wjwcW RvZxq c`v_© DËi `vI :
ii. dm‡dvwjwc‡Wi duv‡K Ae¯’vb K‡i
iii. cÖvYx †Kv‡li wSwjø‡Z †ewk _v‡K A
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 19. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎwUi Ae¯’vb †Kv_vq?
K i I ii L i I iii
K cy¯úK Dw™¢‡`i g~‡j
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
L cy¯úK Dw™¢‡`i Kv‡Ð
3. UªvwdK cywjk †KvbwU? 11. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' AskwUi bvg M Acy¯úK Dw™¢‡`i g~‡j
K G‡ÛvcøvRwgK †iwUKzjvg K wW¤^K L c¨vivdvBwmm N Acy¯úK Dw™¢‡`i Kv‡Ð
L MjwM ewW M wcwbDj N i¨vwKm 20. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎwUi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
M †mw›Uª Ij
12. DÏxc‡Ki Dw™¢‡`i ˆewkó¨ n‡jv i. RvB‡jg G·vK©
N jvB‡mv‡Rvg
i. cvZv †hŠwMK ii. Aixq cÖK…wZi
4. m~Pbv †KvWb †KvbwU? iii. fv¯‹zjvi ev‡Ûj wewÿßfv‡e Ae¯’vb K‡i
K AUG L ACG ii. n¨vcø‡qW Dw™¢`
M GAG N CUU iii. RxešÍ Rxevk¥
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii
5. ivB‡ev‡Rv‡g †cÖvwUb I RNA Gi AbycvZ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K1:1 L1:2 K i I ii L i I iii
 wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 21 I 22 bs cÉGk²i
M2:1 N1:3 M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
Dîi `vI :
 wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 6 I 7 bs cÉGk²i 13. †cÖvK¨vw¤^‡gi KvR †KvbwU? G·cøv›U wbe©vPb  Avev` gva¨g ˆZwi
Dîi `vI : K Dw™¢‡`i Z¡K m„wó Kiv
A B
 A  wUmy¨ ¯’vcb K¨vjvm m„wó 
DNA  RNA  Amino acid. L cwienb wUmy¨ m„wó Kiv AYyPviv ˆZwi
6. A cÖwµqvwU msNwUZ nq M K‡U©·, g¾v, g¾viwk¥ m„wó Kiv 21. A wPwýZ avc †KvbwU?
K ivB‡ev‡Rv‡g L jvB‡mv‡Rv‡g N AšÍ:Z¡K m„wó Kiv K g~j Drcv`b
M wbDwK¬qv‡m N gvB‡UvKwÛªqvq  wbGPi DóxcKwU cGo 14 I 15 bs cÉGk²i L RxevYygy³KiY
7. DÏxc‡Ki †ÿ‡Î wb‡¤œi †KvbwU mwVK? Dîi `vI : M msL¨ve„w×
K A cÖwµqvwU B›Uvi‡d‡R m¤úbœ nq †Kvb †Kvb Dw™¢‡` we‡kl ai‡bi cvwb N g~j Drcv`b gva¨‡g ¯’vbvšÍi
L B cÖwµqvq ¯úøvBwms N‡U wb‡g©vPb A½ i‡q‡Q cvZvi wKbvivq cvwbi 22. Dw™¢ ` cÖRb‡bi †ÿ‡Î cÖhyw³wUi ¸iæZ¡
M A cÖwµqvq RNA cÖæd wiwWs K‡i †duvUv †`‡L Gi Ae¯’vb eySv hvq| n‡”Q
N B cÖwµqvq RNA cÖvBgvi‡K ÷ªv‡Ûi 14. cvwbi wb‡g©vPb A½wUi bvg Kx? i. `y¨wZgq Dw™¢` m„wó
mv‡_ hy³ K‡i K cÎiܪ L nvBWv‡_vW ii. gvB‡µv‡cÖvcv‡Mkb
8. fvBiv‡mi ˆewkó¨ †KvbwU? M Gwc‡_g N iÿx‡Kvl iii. Aímg‡q AwaK Pviv Drcv`b
K eva¨Zvg~jK ciRxex wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
L †KvlcÖvPxi gyivwgK Gwm‡Wi ˆZwi 15. DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi ˆewkó¨ n‡”Q
K i I ii L i I iii
M wcwj Øviv †cvl‡Ki mv‡_ Ave× _v‡K i. GwU GwcWvg©vj wUmy¨Z‡š¿i Ask
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
N †g‡mv‡Rvg Dcw¯’Z ii. Gi gva¨‡g †`n¯’ cvwb †ewi‡q hvq
23. k¦m‡bi Af¨šÍixY cÖfveK †KvbwU?
 wbGPi wPGòi AvGjvGK 9 I 10 bs cÉGk²i iii. Gwc‡_wjqvg Av‡Q
K Aw·‡Rb L CO2
Dîi `vI : wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M Av‡jv N GbRvBg
K i I ii L i I iii 24. ˆRweK Qzwi †KvbwU?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K jvB‡MR L †iw÷ªKkb
X
16. cÎi‡Üªi KvR †KvbwU? M cwjgv‡iR N wbDwK¬‡qR
K cvwb mÂq Kiv 25. †KvlwSwjøi †fZ‡ii Z‡j Ae¨vcb‡hvM¨
9. DÏxc‡Ki AYyRxewUi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv L ev®úvKv‡i cvwb †ei Kiv
i. GwU my‡Kw›`ªK w¯’i FYvZ¥K PvR© †ewk _vK‡j
M cvwb AcPq †iva Kiv i. K¨vUvqb wSwjøi †fZ‡i cÖ‡ek K‡i
ii. wbDwK¬q‡qWhy³
N ÿZ mvwi‡q †Zvjv ii. Avq‡bi fvimvg¨ iÿv K‡i
iii. wfUvwgb ˆZwi‡Z f‚wgKv iv‡L
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 17. RvB‡jg I †d¬v‡qg wgwjZfv‡e MwVZ nq iii. †Kv‡l Avq‡bi cwigvb †e‡o hvq
K i I ii L i I iii i. fv¯‹zjvi wUmy¨Zš¿ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii ii. d¨vwmKzjvi wUmy¨Zš¿ K i I ii L i I iii
iii. cwienb wUmy¨Zš¿ M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 63

PÆMÖvg K‡jR welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶v c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. k¦m‡bi Af¨šÍixY cÖfve †KvbwU? 11. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †cwiWvg© wUmy¨i D`vniY? 19. DÏxcK "B" Gi cy®úgÄyixi
K ZvcgvÎv L cvwb K iÿx‡Kvl L UªvB‡Kvg i. gÄyix`Û AwZ mswÿß
M Kve©b WvBA·vB‡Wi NbZ¡ M UªvwKW N KK©‡Kvl ii. †Mvov‡Z `ywU eg©vKvi cy®úK Møyg _v‡K
N GbRvBg 12. mvBKv‡m Dw™¢‡`i mv‡_ dv‡Y©i mv`„k¨ iii. cy®úK Mø‡y gi K‡ÿ c¨vwjqvmn cy®ú
2. †Kvb weÁvbx Ôj Ae wgwbgvgÕ cÖ¯Íve K‡ib? n‡”Q _v‡K
K eø¨vKg¨vb L f¨vb bxj i. DfqB †¯úv‡ivdvBU wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M wjweM N Kv‡gb
ii. Df‡qi mviwm‡bU fv‡b©kb Av‡Q K i I ii L ii I iii
3. wn‡gv‡RvqvBb Rgv nq wb‡Pi †Kvb `kvq? iii. Df‡qi RxebP‡µ mg AvK…wZ‡Z M i I iii N i, ii I iii
K Uª‡dv‡RvqvBU
Rbyµg we`¨gvb 20. DÏxcK Gi
L Gwge‡qW Uª‡dv‡RvqvBU "A"
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K e„wZ UzB‡÷U
M wmM‡bU wis
K i I ii L ii I iii
N †iv‡RU L `jgÛj fvj‡fU
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
4. wb‡Pi †KvbwU e¨vwmjvm e¨vK‡Uwiqvi D`vniY? M Mf©gyÐ cuvPwU
K Sarcina lutea 13. †Kvl wefvR‡bi †Kvb ch©v‡q †UUªvW †`Lv
N cys‡Kki cv`jMœ
L Haloqudratum walsbyi hvq?
M Escherichia coli
21. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Uªv݇jk‡bi MwZ A‡bK
K †j‡ÞvwUb L RvB‡MvwUb
N Rhizobium bangladeshense evwo‡q †`q?
M c¨vKvBwUb N wW‡cøvwUb
 wbGPi DÏxcKwU c‡o 5 I 6 bs cÖ‡kœi 14. wb‡Pi †Kvb `yRb weÁvbx †KvlPµ cÖ¯Íve K Gw±wfwUs GbRvBg
DËi `vI : L cwj‡mvg
K‡ib?
D”P I wb¤œ Dfq †kÖwYi Rx‡eiv GKwU K Schleicher & Flemning M †cÖvwUb wiwjR d¨v±i
kvixiZvwË¡K cÖwµqvq Lv`¨ †f‡O kw³ L Wilkins & Stahl N U‡cvAvB‡mvgv‡iR
Drcv`b K‡i| GB cÖwµqvq Zv‡`i kw³ M Howard & Pelc 22. wb‡Pi †Kvb †ivMwU wW‡cøvK°vm MYf‚³
Drcv`‡b wfbœZv _vK‡jI Dfq‡KB cÖ_‡g N Sutton & Beveri e¨vK‡Uwiqv Øviv N‡U?
GKwU Awfbœ c_ AwZµg Ki‡Z nq|  wbGPi DÏxcKwU c‡o 15 I 16 bs cÖ‡kœi K K‡jiv L UvBd‡qW
5. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Awfbœ c_ †KvbwU? DËi `vI : M h²v N wbD‡gvwbqv
K MøvB‡KvjvBwmm G·cøv›U  A  B †QvU Pviv m„wó 23. wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU †`L Ges mswkøó cÖkœ
L GwmUvBj CoA m„wó
15. DÏxc‡Ki "A" wPwýZ avcwU n‡jv mg~‡ni DËi `vI|
M †µem Pµ
K Avev` gva¨g ˆZwi
N B‡jKUªb cÖevnZš¿
L RxevYygy³KiY
6. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z cÖwµqvwU
M wgwWqv‡g G·cø¨v›U ¯’vcb
i. Aw·‡R‡bi NbgvÎvi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z
N K¨vjvm m„wó
ii. GbRvBg Øviv wbqwš¿Z
iii. mvB‡UvcøvRg I gvB‡UvKwÛªqvq 16. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖwµqvq
msNwUZ nq i. gvZ… Dw™¢‡`i mg¸Y m¤úbœ Dw™¢`
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? cvIqv hvq
ii. †iw÷ªKkb GbRvBg e¨envi Kiv nq
wPÎ : X
K i I ii L ii I iii
M i I iii N i, ii I iii iii. gvZ… Dw™¢` †_‡K wfbœZi Dw™¢` wPÎ : "X" G wb‡`© wkZ avcwU n‡”Q
7. wUmy¨ KvjPvi cÖhyw³‡Z †nv‡gvRvBMvm cvIqvI m¤¢e K A¨vbv‡dR L A¨vbv‡dR-1
Dw™¢` Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ G·cøv›U wn‡m‡e wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M †U‡jv‡dR-1 N A¨vbv‡dR-2
wb‡Pi †KvbwU wbe©vPb Ki‡Z n‡e? K i I ii L ii I iii 24. DÏxc‡K "X" G wb‡`©wkZ avcwU‡Z
K kxl© gyKzj L civMavbx M i I iii N i, ii I iii i. †m‡›Uªvwgqvi c„_K nIqvi mv‡_ mv‡_
M åƒY N †cÖv‡Uvcøv÷ 17. UªvÝwdDkb wUmy¨ _v‡K ïiæ nq
8. †Kvb †Kvlxq A½vYy †Kvl wefvR‡bi mgq K cvZvq L Kv‡Ð ii. w¯úÛj dvBevi¸‡jv ax‡i ax‡i wejyß
gvKzZš¿ ˆZwi‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i? M g~‡j N dz‡j n‡q hvq
K †mw›UªIj L jvB‡mv‡mvg iii. †µv‡gv‡mv‡gi †m‡›Uªvwgqvi †giæi
18. †jvwWwKDj n‡jv GK cÖKvi
M ivB‡ev‡mvg N cviAw·‡Rvg AMÖMvgx nq
K DccÎ L cyw®úKv
9. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †Kv‡li pH iÿv K‡i? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M gÄywicÎ N cy®úcyU
K wbDwK¬qvm L MjwM ewW
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 19 I 20 bs cÖ‡kœi K i I ii L ii I iii
M †KvlwSwjø N †Kvl MeŸi
10. wb‡Pi †KvbwU GKexRcÎx Dw™¢‡`i g~‡ji DËi `vI : M i I iii N i, ii I iii
kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨? dzj ˆewkó¨ 25. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡K BwWI‡Rvg ejv nq?
K cwiP‡µ GKmvwi †Kvl _v‡K A Agiv web¨vm Aÿxq, civMavbx K G‡Ûvcø v wgK †iwUKz j vg
L K‡U©‡· AšÍtZ¡K _v‡K bv e„°vKvi L ivB‡ev‡mvg
M AatZ¡K we`¨gvb B Agiv web¨vm g~jxq, civMavbx me©gyL M MøvBAw·‡mvg
N eû‡Kvlx g~j‡ivg _v‡K N MjwMewW
 64

wc‡ivRcyi miKvwi gwnjv K‡jR welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶v c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. †µv‡gvcøv‡÷i ev`vgx e‡Y©i Rb¨ `vqx 7. wb‡Pi †KvbwU RNA fvBivm bq? 16. 6NADH2 + 2 FADH2 + 2GTP = ? ATP
iÄK c`v‡_©i bvg Kx? K TIV L HIV K 20 L 24
M Rabis N TMV M 30 N 38
K Rodoplast
8. †Kvb e¨vK‡Uwiqv gy³ Aw·‡Rb Qv‡o? 17. bvB‡Uª v ‡Rb wdw·s wjwMDg Dw™¢‡`i Rb¨
L Pheoplast
K Mycobacterium
M Carotene †Kvb †gŠj AZ¨vek¨K?
L Clostrodium
N Xanthophyll M Vibro cholerae K †Kvevë
2. wb‡Pi †KvbwU G‡Ûvwmgev‡qv›U? N Salmonella typhi L †mvwWqvg
K gvB‡UvKwÛªqv 9. nvwc© m wmg‡cø · fvBiv‡mi Avµg‡Y †Kvb M dmdivm
L MjwMewW †ivM nq? N cUvwkqvg
K eøvW K¨vÝvi 18. †Kvb AvqbwU Dw™¢` KZ…©K `ªæZ MwZ‡Z
M wbDwK¬qvm
L Rbbv‡½i K¨vÝvi †kvwlZ nq?
N ivB‡ev‡mvg
M bvK-Mjwej K¨vÝvi K BO3 L NO3
3. ÷vwejvBRvi wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i †Kvb N Z¡K K¨vÝvi 3
M PO4 N SO42
Dcv`vbwU? 10. A‡bK †ÿ‡Î †`Lv hvq cÖK…wZ †_‡K g„Z 19. †Kvb weÁvbx Biotechnology me©cÖ_g kãwU
K †cÖv‡R‡÷ib e¨vK‡Uwiqvi †R‡bwUK e¯‘ Ab¨ †Kvb e¨envi K‡ib?
L †Kv‡j‡÷ij e¨vK‡Uwiqvi cÖvPxi †f` K‡i K Janet Parker
M wfUvwgb K mvB‡Uvcø v R‡g cÖ
‡ ek K‡i GB cÖ w µqv‡K L Karl Erekh
2+ e‡j M Edward Jenner
N Ag
N john clinels
4. A¨v÷vi iwk¥ MwVZ nq †Kvl wefvR‡bi K UªvÝwµckb L KbRy‡Mkb
20. †Kvb cÖhyw³‡Z Bbmywjb ˆZwi Kiv nq?
†Kvb av‡c? M UªvÝWvKkb N UªvÝdi‡gkb
K wRb †K¬vwbs
11. †c‡Uªvwjqvg eR©¨‡K Aw·‡R‡bi
K †cÖv‡dR L wiKw¤^‡bU DNA
Dcw¯’wZ‡Z fv½‡Z mnvqZv K‡i †Kvb
L †cÖv-†gUv‡dR M wUmy¨ KvjPvi
e¨vK‡Uwiqv?
M A¨vbv‡dR K Salmonella L Bacillus N G·cø¨v›U KvjPvi
N †U‡jv‡dR M Nocardia N Leersia 21. Poaceae †Mv‡Îi
12. g¨v‡iwiqv ciRxexi †Kvb `kv K dj K¨vcwmDj
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 5 I 6 bs cÖ‡kœi
M¨vwg‡UvmvB‡U cwiYZ nq? L civMavbx me©g~L
DËi `vI :
K wK‡Þv‡g‡ivR‡qU M cy®úweb¨vm ¯úvBK
L †iv‡RU
N Dw™¢` ¸j¥RvZxq
M †gUvwµ‡Þv‡g‡ivR‡qU
22. c„w_exi me‡P‡q eo I DuPz Dw™¢` †KvbwU?
N †g‡ivRv‡qU
K †iWDW
13. G‡›U‡ivwU·b bvgK welv³ c`v_© wbtm„Z
A L weªmj †Kvb cvBb
K‡i †Kvb AYyRxe?
M BDK¨vwjÞvm
5. DÏxcKwU †Kvl wefvR‡bi †Kvb `kvi K Vibrio L Plasmodium
M Flavi N HIV N euvk
wPÎ? 23. cvwb cÎiܪ ev nvBWv‡_vW MVbKvix
14. LwbR jeY cwi‡kvlY e„w× cvq
K RvB‡MvwUb †Kvlmg~n‡K Kx e‡j?
i. ZvcgvÎ e„wׇZ
L WvqvKvB‡bwmm ii. Avqbmg~‡ni cvi¯úwiK wµqv e„wׇZ K K¨vw¤^qvg L Gwc‡_g
M †j‡ÞvwUb iii. cÖ‡¯^`‡bi nvi e„wׇZ M iÿx‡Kvl N eywjdg©
N c¨vKvBwUb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 24. wb‡Pi wK‡bvU AšÍtw÷jxq wUmy¨i Ask bq?
6. wP‡Îi A wPwýZ AskwUi ¸iæZ¡ n‡jv K i I ii L i I iii K K‡U©· L cwiPµ
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M g¾v N g¾viwk¥
i. wR‡bi ˆiwLK web¨vm wbY©q Kiv
15. c„w_exi me‡P‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© GbRvBg 25. GKexRcÎx Dw™¢‡`i g~‡ji ˆewkó¨
ii. Rx‡e wRbMZ cÖKi‡Yi D™¢e N‡U
†KvbwU? †KvbwU?
iii. Rx‡ei g„Zz¨ N‡U
K A¨vgvB‡jR K g~jZ¡K wKDwUKj hy³
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? L iæwe‡¯‹v L fv¯‹zjvi evÛj mshy³
K i I ii L i I iii M jvB‡MR M AatZ¡K Abycw¯’Z
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii N K¨vUv‡jR N fv¯‹zjvi evÛ‡ji msL¨v Pvi
 65

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷

 66

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 1 welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
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†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1 Rxe‡Kv‡li GKwU A½vYy‡Z Aw·‡WwUf dm‡dvivB‡jkb N‡U 5  Dw™¢‡`i KvÐ I g~‡ji kxl©fv‡M Aew¯’Z wefvR‡b mÿg †Kvl
Aci Avi GK A½vYy‡Z N‡U d‡Uvdm‡dvivB‡jkb| Øviv MwVZ GK ai‡bi wUmy¨ me©`v mwµq wecvKxq `kvq
K. †R‡bwUK †KvW Kx? 1 _v‡K|
L. jvB‡mv‡Rvg‡K AvZ¥NvZx _wjKv ejv nq †Kb? 2 K. w÷jx Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g A½vYyi wPÎmn MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 L. Kz g ov Kv‡Ði fv¯‹j
z vi evÛj‡K mgwØcvk¦ x © q ejv nq
N. DÏxc‡Ki wØZxq A½vYywU‡Z msNwUZ cÖwµqv †Kb? 2
RxeRM‡Zi g~j PvwjKv kw³  we‡kølY Ki| 4 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wUmy¨i †kÖwYweb¨vm Q‡Ki gva¨‡g
2 RvB‡MvU †_‡K we‡kl GK wefvR‡b m„wó nq c~Y©v½ Rxe| †`LvI| 3
N. Dw™¢`‡`‡ni c~Y© weKv‡k DÏxc‡Ki wUmy¨i mwµqZv
Avevi Rxe Zvi eskai m„wói D‡Ï‡k¨ wfbœ GK †Kvl
we‡kølY Ki| 4
wefvRb cÖwµqvq m„wó K‡i M¨v‡gU|
6  Dw™¢` Zvi cvZvq Aew¯’Z i‡Üªi gva¨‡g H2O ev®úvKv‡i
K. wmb¨vcwmm Kx? 1
wbM©Z K‡i| Aci GKwU cÖwµqvq O2 Gi Dcw¯’wZ I
L. µwmsIfvi Kxfv‡e bZzb ˆewkó¨ m„wó K‡i? 2
Abycw¯’wZ‡Z kw³ Drcbœ nq Rx‡e|
M. DÏxc‡Ki wefvRb cÖwµqv `ywUi g‡a¨ ˆemv`„k¨ eY©bv
K. MøvB‡Kv‡jU Kx? 1
Ki| 3 L. †KwgAm‡gvwmm ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g wefvRb cÖwµqvi ga¨eZx© `kv I M. DÏxc‡Ki i‡Üªi ms‡KvPb I cÖmviY Kxfv‡e pH Øviv
MwZ`kv wPwýZ wPÎmn we‡kølY Ki| 4 wbqwš¿Z nq e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
3 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wØZxq cÖwµqvq Drcbœ kw³i nvi
1g c¨v‡_v‡Rb AYyPwµKv aŸsm K‡i Rxe‡f‡` wfbœ nq we‡kølY Ki| 4
gkKx  gvbyl
2q c¨v‡_v‡Rb †jvwnZ i³KwYKv aŸsm K‡i 7  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
K. wfwiqb Kx? 1 CH3 – CO – COOH  36 ATP
C6H12O6
L. †g‡ivRvB‡MvU ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 CH3 – CO – COOH  2 ATP
M. DÏxc‡Ki wØZxq c¨v‡_v‡Rb Gi A‡giæ`Ðx †cvl‡Ki K. d‡Uvwmb‡_wmm Kx? 1
†`‡n msNwUZ Rxeb Pµ wP‡Îi gva¨‡g †`LvI| 3 L. Bÿzi mv‡jvKms‡køl‡Yi nvi †ewk †Kb? 2
N. ÔevnK wbqš¿YB DÏxc‡Ki †ivM `ywU cÖwZ‡iv‡ai M. DÏxc‡Ki ˆRe GwmWwU Drcbœ nIqvi cÖwµqvwU
¸iæZ¡c~Y© DcvqÕ  Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 †iLvwP‡Îi gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcb Ki| 3
4 wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwUi RxeR, cwi‡ekxq Ges wk‡ív
Dbœq‡b f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki| 4
8 wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki

wPÎ : K wPÎ : L cÖwµqv-X cÖwµqv-Y

K. cy®ú cÖZxK Kv‡K e‡j? 1 K. B›Uvi‡dib Kx? 1
L. Cycas †K †Kb RxešÍ Rxevk¥ ejv nq? 2 L. mycvi ivBm‡K GM dmj ejv nq †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ÔKÕ wPÎwU †h †Mv‡Îi Zvi M. DÏxc‡Ki X cÖwµqvi Rb¨ Avev` gva¨g ˆZwi, RxevYy
kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨ wjL| 3 gy³KiY I K¨vjvm m„wói cÖ‡qvRbxqZv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. Ò†gŠwjK Pvwn`v c~i‡Y ÔLÕ wP‡Îi †MvÎwU Acwinvh©Ó  N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqv `ywUi g‡a¨ we‡kl †h wfbœZv i‡q‡Q Zv
we‡kølY Ki| 4 we‡kølY Ki| 4
 67

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 2 welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

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†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1 cÖvwY‡Kv‡l †bB wKš‘ meyR Dw™¢`‡Kv‡l we`¨gvb GKwU A½vYy 5  wb‡Pi wPθ‡jv jÿ Ki
Dw™¢‡`i Lv`¨ ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i| Avevi Dw™¢` I cÖvYx
Dfq‡Kv‡l we`¨gvb GKwU A½vYy †Kv‡li kw³Ni wn‡m‡e
cwiwPZ|
K. U‡bvcøv÷ Kx? 1
L. jvB‡mv‡Rvg‡K AvZ¥NvZx _wj ejv nq †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g A½vYywU wPÎmn eY©bv Ki| 3
wPÎ : A wPÎ : B wPÎ : C
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ A½vYywU †Kv‡li kw³Ni  we‡kølY K. gvZ…Aÿ Kx? 1
Ki| 4 L. Rxevk¥ ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
2 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki M. wPÎ-A Ges wPÎ-B DÏxc‡Ki †h `ywU †Mv‡Îi
A T A
cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i Zv‡`i cy®ú ms‡KZ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
T A U N. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ C †h Dw™¢`‡K wb‡`©k K‡i Zv H
G C C Dw™¢‡`i RxebP‡µ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv iv‡L  we‡kølY
C G G
Ki| 4
wPÎ : X wPÎ : Y
6  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
K. K¨vwiIwjç Kx? 1
A wUmy¨  Lv`¨ cwienb K‡i|
L. mvB‡K¬vwmm ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. wPÎ X Gi †fŠZ MV‡bi wPwýZ wPÎ A¼b Ki| 3 B wUmy¨  cvwb I Avqb cwienb K‡i|
N. wPÎ X Gi †R‡bwUK Z_¨ Y-†Z ¯’vbvšÍwiZ nIqvi C wUmy¨  ev®úvKv‡i cvwb wbM©gb K‡i|
cÖwµqvwU we‡kølY Ki| 4 K. Gwc‡eøgv Kx? 1
3 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki L. wie fvRK wUmy¨ ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡K A I B mgš^‡q MwVZ wUmy¨¸”Q Gi wPwýZ
wPÎ A¼b Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki C-iܪ, eÜ I †Lvjvi cÖwµqvwU RxeRM‡Zi
Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© we‡kølY Ki| 4
7  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
wPÎ : P CH3 – CO – COOH
K. w¯úÛj hš¿ Kx? 1 C6H12O6
L. G1 I G2 `kv ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 CH3 – CO – COOH
M. wPÎ P †Z cÖ`wk©Z †KvlwefvR‡bi DcavcwU wPÎmn K. cøvR‡gvjvBwmm Kx? 1
eY©bv Ki| 3 L. mvB‡Uv‡µvg cv¤ú gZev` ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
N. RxeRM‡Z wPÎ-P Gi cÖwµqvwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv iv‡L M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwUi avcmg~n †iLvwP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨
 we‡kølY Ki| 4 †`LvI| 3
4 wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki N. DÏxc‡Ki Drcvw`Z `ªe¨wUi Am¤ú~Y© RviY wkí‡ÿ‡Î
¸iæZ¡c~Y©  we‡kølY Ki| 4
8 Dw™¢‡`i wefvRbÿg Ask Dchy³ Avev` gva¨‡g wb‡q ˆRe
cÖhyw³i mvnv‡h¨ Pviv Drcv`b m¤¢e| Avevi ˆRe cÖhyw³i
Ab¨ GKwU cÖwµqvq Kvw•ÿZ wRb Ab¨ Rx‡e ¯’vcb K‡i
DbœZ Rxe m„wó Kiv m¤¢e|
wPÎ : X wPÎ : Y K. K¨vjvm Kx? 1
K. K‡jiv RxevYyi ˆeÁvwbK bvg Kx? 1 L. wRb †K¬vwbs G cøvRwgW e¨en„Z nq †Kb? 2
L. jvBwUK Pµ ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g cÖhyw³wUi avcmg~n wPÎmn eY©bv
M. wPÎ X Gi †hŠb Rbb wP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ †`LvI| 3 Ki| 3
N. wPÎ Y †K Kxfv‡e gvbe Kj¨v‡Y e¨envi Kiv hvq  N. wPwKrmv‡ÿ‡Î DÏxc‡Ki 2q cÖhyw³i ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY
e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 Ki| 4
 68

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 3 welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1 Dw™¢` †Kv‡li evB‡ii w`‡K `yB ai‡bi AveiY †`Lv hvq 5  Dw™¢‡`i e„wׇZ GK ai‡bi wUmy¨ f‚wgKv iv‡L| Gme wUmy¨
GKwU Ro Ges Ab¨wU mRxe| †_‡K m„ó GK ai‡bi wUmy¨Zš¿ Dw™¢‡` cvwb, Lv`¨ I LwbR
K. _vBjvK‡qW Kx? 1 jeY cwienb K‡i|
L. †Kv‡li MjwR e¯‘‡K †Kb c¨v‡KwRs †K›`ª ejv nq? 2 K. K¨vw¤^qvg Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki wØZxq Avei‡Yi me‡P‡q MÖnYxq g‡WjwU L. my ß ve¯’v ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
eY©bv Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡Ki wUmy¨i Ae¯’vb Abymv‡i wPÎmn †kÖwYweb¨vm
Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki AveiY `ywUi g‡a¨ Zzjbvg~jK we‡kølY
N. DÏxc‡Ki wUmy¨Zš¿ MVbKvix wUmy¨mg~‡ni web¨vm wewfbœ
Ki| 4
Dw™¢‡` wewfbœ bvwK GKB? hyw³ `vI| 4
2 Dc-ch©vq 'X' : †nvgv‡jvMvm †µv‡gv‡mvg †Rvo m„wó K‡i|
6  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki
Dc-ch©vq 'Y' : bb wm÷vi †µvgvwUW Ask wewbgq K‡i|
†KvlwSwjø
K. wmb¨vcwmm Kx? 1
L. Awbqwš¿Z gvB‡Uvwm‡mi Kzdj wjL| 2 evwni †fZi
M. DÏxc‡K wb‡`©wkZ X Gi wPwýZ wPÎ AsKb Ki| 3 LwbR
N. DÏxc‡K wb‡`©wkZ Y cÖwµqvwU RxeRM‡Z ˆewPΨ m„wó jeY
LwbR jeY
K‡i  we‡kølY Ki| 4
wPÎ : A wPÎ : B
3 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki K. kw³ gy`vª Kx? 1
A L. wjwgwUs d¨v±i ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxcK A †Z cÖ`wk©Z cÖwµqvi AvaywbK gZev` e¨vL¨v
Ki| 3
B N. DÏxcK B †Z cÖ`wk©Z Dw™¢`v½ †Lvjv I eÜ nIqvi
KviY we‡kølY Ki| 4
K. wfwiqb Kx? 1 7 Rxe‡Kv‡l `yB ai‡bi ˆRe GwmW _v‡K, hvi GKwU wØm~ÎK
L. g¨v‡jwiqv ciRxwei RxebP‡µ `ywU †cvl‡Ki cÖ‡qvRb Ae¯’vq eskMwZi ˆewkó¨ enb Ki‡jI AciwU GK m~ÎK
nq †Kb? 2 Ges †cÖvwUb ms‡kølY K‡i|
M. DÏxc‡K A Gi msL¨ve„w×i †KŠkj eY©bv Ki| 3 K. C3 Dw™¢` Kx? 1
N. K…wl I wkí‡ÿ‡Î DÏxcK B Øviv wb‡`©wkZ AYyRx‡ei L. †cÖv‡UvcøvRg‡K Rxe‡bi †fŠZ wfwË ejv nq †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g ˆRe GwmWwUi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. Dc‡iv³ `yB ai‡bi Gwm‡Wi g‡a¨ Zzjbvg~jK
4 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4
8 wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki

cÖhyw³-X cÖhyw³-Y
K. A¨v¤^vi Kx? 1 K. cøvRwgW Kx? 1
L. avb cy‡®úi cy®úms‡KZ e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 L. wRb †K¬vwbs ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡K wb‡`©wkZ Dw™¢`wU‡Z we`¨gvb weK…Z AvK…wZi M. DÏxc‡K cÖ`wk©Z X Gi avcmg~n avivevwnKfv‡e eY©bv
g~‡ji MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 Ki| 3
N. Cycas Gi RxebP‡µ DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ Dw™¢`wUi N. DÏxc‡K cÖ`wk©Z cÖhyw³ Y-K…wl‡ÿ‡Î ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv
f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki| 4 iv‡L  we‡kølY Ki| 4
 69

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 4 welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1 ÔKÕ I ÔLÕ `yBwU ˆRe AYy| ÔKÕ wb‡RB Zvi cÖwZiƒc ˆZwi M. B Rx‡ei RvB‡Mv‡Ui wefvRb cÖwµqvi avc wPwýZ
Ki‡Z cv‡i| ÔLÕ Zvi cÖwZiƒc ˆZwi Ki‡Z cv‡i bv| ÔKÕ wP‡Î †`LvI| 3
†_‡K ÔLÕ ˆZwi nq| N. A I B wefvRb cÖwµqvi cv_©K¨ wjL| 4
K. ¯úøvBwms Kx? 1 6  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki
L. A‡cib ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. ÔKÕ †_‡K ÔLÕ m„wói c×wZ eY©bv Ki| 3
N. ÔKÕ I ÔLÕ Gi cv_©K¨ wjL| 4
2  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
Co-A
Møy‡KvR A¨vwmUvBj †Kv-G P kw³ AYyRxe-P AYyRxe-Q
K. d‡UvG¨vw±‡fkb Kx? 1 K. DIwK‡bU Kx? 1
L. †Kb meyR cvZv mv‡jvKms‡køl‡Yi cÖavb A½? 2 L. †KejgvÎ Anopheles gkKx †Kb g¨v‡jwiqv †iv‡Mi
M. DÏxc‡Ki PµwU Q‡K wjL| 3
RxevYy enb K‡i? 2
N. DÏxc‡Ki GK AYy ˆRe‡hŠM Aw·‡R‡bi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z
M. P AYyRx‡ei eskwe¯Ívi cÖwµqv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
RvwiZ n‡q †h cwigvY ˆRegy`ªv ˆZwi K‡i Zvi wnmve
N. K…wl‡ÿ‡Î Q AYyRx‡ei ¸iæZ¡ wjL| 4
†`LvI| 4
7  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki
3 RxeweÁv‡bi e¨envwiK K¬v‡m wkÿv_©xiv GKwU Dw™¢‡`i `ywU
wfbœ As‡ki cÖ¯’‡”Q‡`i `ywU ¯’vqx møvBW AYyexÿY h‡š¿
ch©‡eÿY Kij| cÖ_g møvB‡W fv¯‹zjvi Aixq| wØZxq møvB‡W
fv¯‹zjvi evÛj wewÿßfv‡e Qov‡bv|
K. †Kv‡jUvm© Kx? 1
L. †Kw›`ªK fv¯‹zjvi evÛj ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 cÖwµqv-M cÖwµqv-Q
M. cÖ_g møvBWwU Dw™¢‡`i †h As‡ki Zvi cÖ¯’‡”Q‡`i K. SIT Kx? 1
wPwýZ wPÎ A¼b Ki| 3 L. gwjKzjvi dvwg©s ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
N. cÖ_g I wØZxq møvB‡Wi cÖ¯’‡”Q‡`i Zzjbv Ki| 4 M. DÏxc‡Ki M cÖwµqvwU eY©bv Ki| 3
4  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki N. DÏxc‡Ki N cÖwµqvwU cwienb msiÿ‡Y Kxfv‡e
H2O (ev®ú) f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i wjL| 4
A 8  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki

K. †cÖvUb cv¤ú Kx? 1

L. †imwc‡ikb †Kv‡k›U ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K A As‡ki †Lvjv I eÜ nIqv AvaywbK gZev`
wPÎ-E wPÎ-F
Abyhvqx e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
K. wjwMDj Kx? 1
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwUi ¸iæZ¡ wjL| 4
L. cy®úgÄix ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
5 A Rx‡ei RvB‡MvU wefvwRZ n‡q bZzb Rxe m„wó K‡i Ges B
Rx‡ei RvB‡MvU wefvwRZ n‡q ˆ`wnK e„w× NUvq| M. F wPÎ wb‡`©wkZ †Mv‡Îi kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨ wjL| 3
K. †b‡µvwmm Kx? 1 N. E wPÎ wb‡`©wkZ †MvÎwU A_©‰bwZKfv‡e AwaK ¸iæZ¡c~Y©

L. µwms Ifvi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2  e¨vL¨v Ki| 4

 70

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 5 welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

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[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h‡Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1  Dc-ch©vq 'X' : †nvgv‡jvMvm †µv‡gv‡mvg †Rvo m„wó K‡i| M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ P cÖwµqvi avcmg~n QK AvKv‡i †jL| 3
Dc-ch©vq 'Y' : bb wm÷vi †µvgvwUW Ask wewbgq K‡i| N. wewfbœ wk‡í Q cÖwµqvwUi ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
K. wmb¨vcwmm Kx? 1 6  Dw™¢‡`i ˆZwiK…Z Lv`¨ GKwU we‡kl cÖwµqvq m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c
L. Awbqwš¿Z gvB‡Uvwm‡mi Kzdj wjL| 2 RvwiZ n‡q CO2, H2O Ges ATP ˆZwi nq| Aek¨ O2 Gi
M. DÏxc‡K wb‡`©wkZ X Gi wPwýZ wPÎ AsKb Ki| 3 Dcw¯’wZ Qvov m¤ú~Y© RviY Av‡`Š m¤¢e bq|
N. DÏxc‡K wb‡`©wkZ Y cÖwµqvwU RxeRM‡Z ˆewPΨ m„wó
K. g¨v‡µv †gŠj Kx? 1
K‡i  we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. mwµq cwi‡kvl‡Y wecvKxq kw³i cÖ‡qvRb †Kb?
2  mvwgqvi wbw`©ó mgq ci ci Kuvcywbmn R¡i Av‡m| wPwKrmK
e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
i³ cixÿvi gva¨‡g Rvbv‡jb RBC-†Z AYyRxe msµg‡Yi
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwUi mvB‡UvcøvR‡g msNwUZ avcwU
gva¨‡g GB R¡i nq|
Q‡Ki mvnv‡h¨ †`LvI| 3
K. K‡jiv †iv‡Mi RxevYyi bvg wjL| 1
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡li Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. cøvR‡gvwWqv‡gi RxebPµ‡K Rbytµg ejv hvq †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki we‡kl KwYKvq ciRxexwUi msL¨ve„w×i 7  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki
cÖwµqv eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki †ivMwU Kxfv‡e cÖwZ‡iva Kiv hvq we‡kølY A
Ki| 4
B
3  iweb, †Kv‡li wewfbœ A½vYy covi mgq †`Lj wدÍiwewkó
`ywU †Kvlxq A½vYy GKwU kw³Ni bv‡g I AciwU †Kv‡li
UªvwdK cywjk| M N

K. A‡Uvd¨vMx Kx? 1 K. Gwc‡eøgv Kx? 1

L. ivB‡ev‡mvg‡K me©Rbxb A½vYy ejv nq †Kb? 2 L. nvW©ev÷ ev ¸”QUzwc ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2

M. DÏxc‡Ki 2q A½vYywUi MVb wPÎmn †jL| 3 M. A I B wPwýZ As‡ki mgš^‡q MwVZ cwienb
N. DÏxc‡Ki 1g A½vYywUi ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4 wUmy¨Z‡š¿i †kÖwYwefvM Av‡jvPbv Ki| 3
4  MÖæc A : Cycas, Pinus, Gnetum N. DÏxc‡K M I N †h Dw™¢`vs‡k cvIqv hvq Zv‡`i
MÖæc B : Pvj, Mg, Rev g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Ki| 4
K. Agivweb¨vm Kx? 1 8  W. ingvb Avjyi gyKzj †_‡K GKB ˆewkó¨ m¤úbœ AmsL¨
L. RxešÍ Rxevk¥ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 Pviv Drcv`b K‡iwQ‡jb| Ab¨w`‡K W. wek¦vm av‡bi GKwU
M. DÏxc‡Ki A MÖæ‡ci Dw™¢‡`i †hŠb cÖRbb eY©bv Ki| 3
bZzb cÖKiY m„wó Ki‡jb hv B-K¨v‡ivwUb I Avqib m„wóKvix
N. DwjøwLZ MÖæc B Dw™¢‡`i cwiev‡ii kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨
wRb wewkó|
Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4
K. wRb †K¬vwbs Kx? 1
5  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki mvnv‡h¨ cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
L. Rxe wbivcËv cÖ‡qvRb †Kb? 2
P Q
Mø‡y KvR  cvBiæwfK GwmW  B_vbj/j¨vKwUK A¨vwmW
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_‡gv³ cÖwµqvi myweav¸‡jv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
K. TCA Pµ Kx? 1
N. DwjøwLZ cÖwµqv `ywUi Zzjbv Ki| 4
L. C3 Ges C4 Dw™¢‡`i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ †jL| 2
 71

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 1 welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶v c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 1 I 2 bs  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 8 I 9 bs 16. Gwc‡WwgK †ivM †KvbwU?
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K MERS-Cov L Ebola
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M COVID-19 N SARS-Cov
17. Kvc©vm Zzjvi ˆeÁvwbK bvg Kx?
K Phrogmites korko
L Hibiscus rosa-sinensis
M Zeo mays
N Gossypium herbaceum
8. DÏxc‡Ki A Gi bvg Kx? 18. g¨v‡jwiqv gvbe‡`‡ni GKwU gvivZ¥K
K A¨vw›U‡mc ÷ª¨vÛ L †mc ÷ª¨vÛ
1. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvq KZ AYy ATP Drcbœ AYyRxe msµvwgZ †ivM| hv
M bb-†KvwWs ÷ª¨vÛ N †Ug‡cøU ÷ª¨vÛ
i. Plasmodium Øviv msµvwgZ nq
nq? 9. cÖwµqvi mv‡_ m¤úK©h³
y  ii. †Ugcv‡iU A‡ji G‡ÛwgK †ivM
K 36 AYy L 38 AYy i. ¯úøvBwmI‡mvg
iii. G‡bvwdwjm RvZxq gkKx Øviv evwnZ
M 32 AYy N 8 AYy ii. A¨vKwU‡fwUs GbRvBg
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
2. cÖwµqvwUi †ÿ‡Î iii. TATA Box
K i I ii L i I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
i. Kg‡cø·-I GKK †cÖvwUb M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K i I ii L i I iii
ii. Kg‡cø·-II GKK †cÖvwUb 19. cy s ¯Í e ‡Ki cÖ w ZwU m`m¨‡K Kx e‡j?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
iii. evnK n‡jv BDwiKzB‡bvb 10. †Kvb Rx‡ei RvB‡Mv‡U †µv‡gv‡mvg msL¨v K ÷¨v‡gb L A¨vš’ vi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wظY nq? M Kv‡c©j N ÷vBj
K i I ii L i I iii K dvb© L ˆkevj 20. Ave„ZexRx Dw™¢‡`i ˆewkó¨ n‡jv G‡`i
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M wRg‡bv¯úvg© N A¨vbwRI¯úvg© i. ex‡R GKwU ev `ywU exRcÎ _v‡K
3. µ¨vÄ A¨vbvUwg Dcw¯’Z Ggb Dw™¢‡`i 11. gvB‡Uvwm‡mi `xN©¯’vqx ch©vq †KvbwU? ii. RvB‡jg wUmy¨‡Z m½x‡Kvl _v‡K
K †cÖv‡dR L †cÖv-†gUv‡dR iii. wØwb‡lK N‡U
ˆewkó¨ n‡jv
M †gUv‡dR N †U‡jv‡dR wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
i. w`‡bi †ejv †÷vgvUv †Lvjv _v‡K
12. MjwM ewWi KvR n‡jv K i I ii L i I iii
ii. evZv‡m 50  150 ppm CO2 Gi M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
i. †Kvl¯’ cvwb †ei Kiv
Dcw¯’wZ‡Z fv‡jv nq ii. GbRvBg wbM©gb Kiv 21.
iii. `yB ai‡bi †K¬v‡ivcøv÷ _v‡K iii. Ca++ Avq‡bi NbZ¡ iÿv Kiv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
13. ZvgvK cÖwµqvRvZKi‡Y e¨eüZ nq wP‡Îi cy®úweb¨vmwU n‡jv
4. gvby‡li eskMwZ ÎæwURwbZ †ivM †Kvb
†KvbwU? K ¯úvBK‡jU L ¯úvBK
c×wZ‡Z wbg©~j Kiv hvq? M K¨vwcPzjvg N mvB‡gvm
K Bacillus megoterium
K wnU †_ivwc L †K‡gv †_ivwc L Bacillus thuringlensis 22. nvB‡cvWvwg©‡mi cÖavb KvR †KvbwU?
M wRb †_ivwc N kK †_ivwc M Clostridium K Lv`¨ mÂq Kiv
N Streptococcus loctis
5. DNA wd½vi wcÖ›U cÖ‡qvRb nq L Lv`¨ cwienb Kiv
14. gvB‡µv‡mdvwj ÎæwU nq †KvbwUi Kvi‡Y?
i. wcZ…Z¡ wba©viY M LwbR jeY †kvlY Kiv
K wbcv fvBivm L B‡evjv fvBivm
ii. †ivM wbY©‡q N `„pZv cÖ`vb Kiv
M wRKv fvBivm N nvwc©m fvBivm
iii. g„Z‡`n kbv³Ki‡Y 23. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †_‡K fv¯‹zjvi wUmy¨Zš¿ m„wó
15. wPÎwUi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? nq?
K i I ii L i I iii K †cÖv‡UvWvg© L †cÖvK¨vw¤^qvg
M KK© K¨vw¤^qvg N K‡U©·
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
24. wb‡Pi †KvbwU n¨v‡Wªv‡mw›UªK Dw™¢`?
6. Kv‡K wUmy¨ KvjPv‡ii RbK ejv nq? K Dracaena L Yucco
K Morgan L Haberlandt M Semibarbula N Pteris
wPÎ : X
M Ereky N Skoog 25. †Kvb ni‡gv‡bi cÖfv‡e cUvwkqvg Avqb
i. ˆewP‡Î¨i m„wó nq
7. †KvbwU mZ¨ bq? iÿx‡Kvl †_‡K †ei n‡q hvq?
ii. †R‡bwUK g¨vc ˆZwi
K wµw÷qvb `¨ `yÕ†e-jvB‡mv‡mvg iii. f¨vwi‡qkb m„wó nq K A¨ve‡mwmK A¨vwmW
L †cvU©vj-G‡ÛvcøvRwgK †iwUKzjvg wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? L Bb‡Wvj A¨vwmwUK A¨vwmW
M Kvj© †eÛv-gvB‡UvKwÛªqv K i I ii L i I iii M mvB‡UvKvBwbb
N †fb †eb‡Wb-†mw›UªIj M ii I iii N i, ii I iii N wR‡eŸ‡iwjK A¨vwmW
 72

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 2 welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶v c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. DNA aviYKvix A½vYy 8. DÏxc‡K wb‡Pi †Kvb welqwU †evSv‡bv 18. bMœexRx Dw™¢‡`i Rbbv‡½ †bB
i. gvB‡UvKwÛªqv n‡q‡Q? i. Mf©`Ð
ii. †K¬v‡ivcøv÷ K ˆ`wnK e„ w × ii. wW¤^K
iii. ivB‡ev‡mvg L AcwiewZ©Z †µv‡gv‡mvg iii. Mf©vkq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M ˆewPΨ m„wó wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N ÿZ c~iY K i I ii L i I iii
K i I ii L i I iii
9. †W½y †Kvb fvBivmRwbZ †ivM? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K B‡evjv fvBivm L d¬vwf fvBivm
2. mgvwß †KvWb wb‡`©k K‡i bv †KvbwU?  wbGPi wPò `ywU jÞ Ki ‰es 19 I 20 bs
M GwW‡bv fvBivm N cwU fvBivm
K UAA L UAG cÉGk²i Dîi `vI :
M UGA N AUG 10. ÔwelÕ kãwU wb‡Pi †KvbwUi mv‡_
3. †KvbwU MÖvbvi avÎ ev gvZ…Kv wn‡m‡e KvR m¤úwK©Z?
K‡i? K e¨vK‡Uwiqv L fvBivm
M ˆkevj N QÎvK
K _vBjvK‡qW L †÷ªvgvj¨v‡gjvg
M ATP wm‡š’wmm N †÷ªvgv
11. wb‡Pi †KvbwU g¨v‡jwiqvi RxevYyi
n¨vcø‡qW (n) `kv? A B
4. 19. wP‡Î 'A' †Kvb ai‡bi fv¯‹zjvi evÛj?
K RvB‡MvU L DwK‡bU
K †Kw›`ªK L e× mgcvk¦x©q
M Dwm÷ N †¯úv‡ivR‡qU
M gy³ mgcvk¦x©q N mgwØcvk¦x©q
 wbGPi DóxcGKi AvGjvGK 12 I 13 bs
P 20. DÏxcK 'B' mg_©b K‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU
cÉGk²i Dîi `vI : mswkøó?
g¨v‡jwiqv RxevYyi gkKxi †`‡n msNwUZ i. †Kw›`ªK
wP‡Îi P wPwýZ As‡ki bvg Kx? †hŠb Rbb‡K `ywU ch©v‡q fvM Kiv hvq| ii. Aixq
K ivB‡ev‡mvg L g¨vwUª· h_v (K) M¨vwg‡Uv‡Mvwb Ges (L) iii. †Uwi‡WvdvBU Dw™¢`
M wµw÷ N gvBwmwj †¯úv‡iv‡Mvwb| wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
5. †µv‡gv‡mvg¸‡jv me©vwaK †gvUv I Lv‡Uv 12. DÏxc‡Ki ÔLÕ ch©v‡q wb‡Pi †KvbwU m„wó K i I ii L i I iii
nq †Kvb av‡c? nq? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K †cÖv‡dR L †gUv‡dR K M¨vwgU L RvB‡MvU 21. mvaviY k¦m‡b †KvbwU RvwiZ nq?
M A¨vbv‡dR N †U‡jv‡dR M DwK‡bU N †¯úv‡ivR‡qU K kK©iv L ˆRe GwmW
6. GKvwaK wbDwK¬qvm wewkó †Kvl‡K ejv 13. DÏxc‡Ki ÔKÕ ch©v‡qi ˆewkó¨ M wfUvwgb N †÷i‡qW
nq i. gkKxi µz‡ci Af¨šÍ‡i N‡U 22. cÖ‡¯^`‡bi nvi ev‡o †Kvb Ae¯’vq?
K wc‡bv mvBwUK L wm‡bvmvBwUK ii. ¯¿ x M¨vwg‡U †KvY m„ w ó nq K evqyi Pvc evo‡j
M B‡bv mvBwUK N WvBwbDwK¬K iii. G·d¬ v‡R‡jkb N‡U L Av`©ªZv evo‡j
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M ZvcgvÎv evo‡j
 wbGPi DóxcKwU co ‰es 7 I 8 bs
K i I ii L i I iii N jyKvwqZ cÎiܪ _vK‡j
cÉGk²i Dîi `vI : M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 23. AevZ k¦m‡bi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
†Kvl wefvRb cÖwµqvq Rxe RM‡Z ˆewPΨ 14. †KvbwU e¨vK‡UwiqvRwbZ †ivM?
i. j¨vKwUK GwmW ˆZwi nq
m„wó nq| Rbb gvZ…‡Kvl GB cÖwµqvq K K‡jiv L †W½y ii. B‡÷ cÖwµqvwU N‡U
AskMÖnY K‡i| M `v`‡ivM N †ewi‡ewi iii. Aw·‡R‡bi cÖ‡qvRb nq
7. DÏxc‡Ki DwjøwLZ wefvRb cÖwµqvq 15. dz‡ji Mf©ve¯’vq ÔAwaMf©Õ wb‡Pi †KvbwUi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ˆewkó¨  †ÿ‡Î †`Lv hvq? K i I ii L i I iii
i. †nv‡gv‡jvMvm †µv‡gv‡mvg¸‡jvi g‡a¨ K Kzgov L mwilv M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
Ask wewbgq N‡U M †cqviv N †Mvjvc 24. gvbe kix‡i fvBiv‡mi msµgY I K¨vÝvi
ii. wbw`©ó msL¨K evBf¨v‡j›U ˆZwi nq 16. ÔcÖevj g~jÕ wb‡Pi †KvbwUi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨? cÖwZ‡iva K‡i
iii. cÖwZwU evBf¨v‡j›U †_‡K †UUªvW ˆZwi K bvwi‡Kj L KuvVvj K Bbmy¨wjb L wfUvwgb
nq M Rev N mvBKvm M B›Uvi‡dib N †MøvweDwjb
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 17. Am¤ú~Y© dzj †KvbwU? 25. Bbmy¨wjb Kx?
K i I ii L i I iii K ay Z i
z v L Kz g ov K GbRvBg L ni‡gvb
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M †cqviv N gUi M wfUvwgb N Gw›Uev‡qvwUK
 73

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 3 welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶v c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wcDwib †em? 8. g¨v‡jwiqv RxevYy M¨vwg‡UvMwbi †ÿ‡Î 16. Ca++ Avq‡bi †kvlb nvi †Kvb cÖK…wZi?
K A¨v‡Wwbb i. G cÖwµqv µ‡ci evB‡i nq K me‡P‡q MwZm¤úbœ
L mvB‡Uvwmb ii. ïµvYy‡Z d¬¨v‡Rjv _v‡K bv L me‡P‡q gš’i
M _vBwgb iii. RvB‡MvU cÖ_‡g wbðj _v‡K M wbw®µq
N BDivwmj wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N mwµq
2. wjD‡Kvcøv÷ K i I ii L i I iii 17. AYyRx‡ei kw³ Drcv`‡bi gva¨g †KvbwU?
i. f‚wb¤œ¯’ Kv‡Ð Ae¯’vb K‡i M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K mevZ k¦mb

ii. Av‡jv‡Z meyR eY© aviY K‡i 9. Poaceae †Mv‡Îi Mf© v kq Kq cÖ ‡ Kvô L AevZ k¦mb
iii. K¨v‡ivwUb I Rv‡š’vwdj mg„× wewkó? M dv‡g©‡›Ukb
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K1 L2 N mv‡jvKms‡kølY
K i I ii L i I iii M3 N4 18. †iw÷ªKkb GbRvBg bq †KvbwU?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 10. niwj·, Kgcø¨vb RvZxq Lv`¨`ª‡e¨i K Eco RI L Hind III
Dcv`vb wn‡m‡e e¨envi Kiv nq? M Hpa-11 N All-PQ
3. gvB‡UvKwÛªqvi MVb Dcv`vb n‡”Q
K he L †Rvqvi
19. Nif wRb †Kv_vq Ae¯’vb K‡i?
i. ivB‡ev‡Rvg I g¨vwUª·
K ivB‡Rvweqvg e¨vK‡Uwiqvq
ii. wµw÷ I dm‡dU `vbv M †jeyNvm N fzÆv
L wkg RvZxq Dw™¢‡`i
iii. MÖvbvg I †÷ªvgv 11. jvwU‡gi gZ ïµvYy †`Lv hvq †KvbwU‡Z?
M U‡g‡Uv‡Z
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K bvwi‡Kj L cvg
N cvUMv‡Q
K i I ii L i I iii M mycvwi N mvBKvm
12. wPÎwU jÿ Ki I DËi `vI : 20. †cvgv‡Uv †Kvb ai‡bi wgj‡bi dj?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K 僇Yi
4. †Kvl P‡µi G-1 `kvq e¨wqZ mgq
L †cÖv‡Uvcøv‡÷i
K 10  20% L 30  40% M wbDwK¬qv‡mi
B
M 30  50% N 90  95% N †KvbwU bq
5. †gUv‡d‡R N‡U 21. Dw™¢‡`i †Kvb A½ †_‡K wUmy¨ KvjPvi Kiv
i. wbDwK¬Iqv‡mi m¤ú~Y© wejywß B wPwýZ AskwUi bvg Kx? hvq bv?
ii. cÖ_g †_‡KB †m‡›Uªvwgqv‡ii wefvRb K †d¬v‡qg L K¨vw¤^qvg K KwPcvZv L kxl©gyKzj
ïiæ nq M RvB‡jg N g¾v M dzj N Kÿ gyKzj
iii. †µv‡gv‡mvg¸‡jv me‡P‡q LvU I †gvUv 13. wØexRcÎx Dw™¢‡`i g~‡ji fv¯‹zjvi evÛ‡ji 22. AevZ k¦m‡b MøvB‡KvjvBwm‡m Drcvw`Z
nq msL¨v mvaviYZ kw³ KZ?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K 2  4 wU L 4 Gi Kg K 2 ATP L 4 ATP
K i I ii L i I iii M 6 ATP N 5 ATP
M 6 Gi AwaK N 4-6wU
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
23. evsjv‡`‡ki RvZxq e„ÿ †KvbwU?
14. wb‡Pi †KvbwU evo‡j cÖ‡¯^`b K‡g?
6. gvby‡li fvBivm NwUZ †ivM †KvbwU? K KuvVvj L †cqviv
K Av‡jv
M wjPz N Avg
K K‡jiv L ZvcgvÎv
L Avgvkq
24. †KvbwU Plasmodium vivax Gi wWcø‡qW
M Av`ª©Zv
M †ncvUvBwUm N evqycÖevn `kv
N h²v 15. mv‡jvKms‡køl‡Yi Av‡jvK ch©v‡q Drcbœ K †¯úv‡ivR‡qU L wµ‡ÞvR‡qU

7. †KvbwU e¨vK‡Uwiqvi ˆewkó¨ bq? nq †KvbwU? M †g‡ivR‡qU N DwK‡bU

K 80 S ivB‡ev‡mvg K cvwb I kK©iv 25. 'Deoxy' k‡ãi A_© Kx?

wgD‡Kv‡ccUvBW cÖvPxi K Lack of Carboxylase
L L ATP IkK©iv
L Lack of Amylase
M wØ-wefvRb eske„w× M NADP I kK©iv
M Lack of Oxygen
N †mv‡gv‡Rvg Dcw¯’Z N NADPH2 I ATP N Lack of Nitrogen
 74

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 4 welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶v c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. †µem P‡µ wdDgvwiK A¨vwmW 1 AYy cvwb  wb‡Pi wPÎwU †`‡L 10 I 11 bs cÖ‡kœi 18. ivnvZ †h ciRxex Øviv AvµvšÍ n‡q‡Q
MÖnY K‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU ˆZwi K‡i? DËi `vI : K d¬vwf fvBivm L A¨vwWm fvBivm
K g¨vwjK A¨vwmW M Plasmodium vivax N Vibrio cholerae
L mvBwUªK A¨vwmW P
19. †ivMvµvšÍ ivnv‡Zi cÖwZKv‡ii Dcvq
M mvKwmwbwK A¨vwmW i. weï× cvwb I m¨vjvBb
N cvDiæwfK A¨vwmW ii. gkvwi Uvwb‡q Nygv‡bv
2. cÖ‡¯^`‡bi nvi ev‡o, hw` iii. Dš§y³ Lvevi I cvbxq eR©b
i. evqygÐjxq Pvc ev‡o wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
10. DÏxc‡Ki 'P' wPwýZ As‡ki bvg Kx?
ii. ZvcgvÎv ev‡o K i I ii L i I iii
K A¨v‡ibKvBgv L evqyMnŸi
iii. Av‡cwÿK Av`ª©Zv n«vm †c‡j M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M cvwbMnŸi N Gwc‡_g
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 20. AevZ k¦m‡b 1 AYy Møy‡KvR †f‡O ˆZwi nq
K i I ii L i I iii 11. wP‡Îi MVbwUi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv K 2 AYy B_vBj ÔA¨vj‡Kvnj I 2 AYy CO2
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii i. cvwb ZijvKv‡i †ei K‡i L 4 AYy A¨vwmUvjwWnvBW I 2 AYy CO2
3. g¾viwk¥ †Kvb wUmy¨ w`‡q MwVZ? ii. kxl©fv‡M iÿx‡Kvl _v‡K M 6 AYy B_vBj A¨vj‡Kvnj I 4 AYy CO2
K †¯‹¬‡ibKvBgv L c¨v‡ibKvBgv iii. AwZwi³ Av`ª© AvenvIqvq KvR K‡i N 4 AYy A¨vwmwUK A¨vwmW I 2 AYy CO2
M †Kv‡jbKvBgv N A¨v‡ibKvBgv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?  wb‡Pi wPÎwU †`‡L 21 I 22 bs cÖ‡kœi
 wbGPi wPòwU ˆ`GL 4 I 5 bs cÉGk²i Dîi `vI : K i I ii L i I iii DËi `vI :
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
A
12. 70S ivB‡ev‡mvg cvIqv hvq X
i. gvB‡UªvKwÛªqvq
ii. †Kv‡ivcøv‡÷
iii. MjwM ewW‡Z 21. DÏxc‡Ki "X" AskwU n‡jv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K cøvRwgW L wiKw¤^‡b›U DNA
K i I ii L i I iii M Kvw•ÿZ wRb N GMO
4. DÏxc‡K "A" wPwýZ AskwU Kx?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 22. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎwUi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
K †mvivg L wjwMDj
M A¨v‡cvdvBwmm N wcwbDj 13. gvwU‡Z N2 mse܇b mnvqZv K‡i †KvbwU? i. †ivM cÖwZ‡ivaÿg RvZ D™¢veb
K Actobacter xyltium ii. bvB‡Uªv‡Rb mseÜb K‡i
5. DÏxcKwU †h Dw™¢‡`i cÖwZwbwaZ¡ K‡i Zvi L Pseudomonas
iii. AvMvQvbvkK cÖwZ‡ivaxRvZ D™¢veb
†ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ M Nitrococcus
i. Amg‡iYycÖm~ N Lactobacillus
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii
ii. AvwK©‡Mvwbqv Av‡Q 14. †Kvb A½vYy nvqvwjD‡ivwb‡WR GbRvBg
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
iii. wØwb‡lK nq wbtmi‡Yi gva¨‡g wb‡l‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 23. wifvR© UªvÝwµ‡ÞR c×wZ‡Z Kx ˆZwi nq?
K gvB‡UvKwÛªqv L MjwMewW
K i I ii L i I iii K DNA †_‡K RNA
M jvB‡mv‡Rvg N ivB‡ev‡mvg
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii L RNA †_‡K DNA
15. †W½y †ivMxi i‡³ †`Lv hvq M †cÖvwUb †_‡K DNA
6. wUmy¨KvjPvi cÖhyw³i KvjPvi wgwWqv‡gi i. IgG N DNA †_‡K DNA
cÖavb Dcv`vb n‡jv ii. IgM
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU †`‡K 24 I 25 bs cÖ‡kœi
K evwj© L A¨vMvi-A¨vMvi iii. IgA
M KY© cvDWvi N Pv‡ji ¸ov wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? DËi `vI :
7. AšÍtw÷jxq A‡j _v‡K K i I ii L i I iii
i. cwiPµ M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
ii. wc_ 16. C 4 Dw™¢‡`i Rb¨ we‡kl cÖ‡qvRb
iii. g¾viwk¥ K wmwjKb L †Kvevë
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M Av‡qvwWb N †mvwWqvg
K i I ii L i I iii 17. wb‡Pi †Kvb ˆewk‡ó¨ Ave„ZexRx Dw™¢` 24. DÏxcKwU †Kvb ch©v‡q †`Lv hvq?
K †cÖv‡dR L †j‡ÞvwUb
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii bMœexRx Dw™¢` †_‡K DbœZ?
M RvB‡MvwUb N †cÖv-†gUv‡dR
8. wb‡Pi †Kvb av‡c O2 cÖ‡qvRb nq? K dj L exR
M AvwK©‡Mvwbqv N cwienb wUmy¨
25. DÏxc‡Ki c‡ii ch© v ‡q hv N‡U
K MøvB‡KvjvBwmm L †µemPµ i. cÖvwY‡Kv‡li †mw›UªIj wef³ nq
M ETS N A¨vwmUvBj-Co–A  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 18 I 19 bs cÖ‡kœi ii. †UUªvW MVb K‡i
9. †Kvb GbRvBg e¨v‡±wiqvi †Kvl cÖvPxi DËi `vI : iii. KvqvRgv m„wó nq
Mjv‡Z fvBivm‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i? ivnvZ we‡kl GKwU ciRxex Øviv AvµvšÍ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K wbDwK¬‡qR L A¨vj‡Wv‡jR n‡q‡Q| Ii kixi †_‡K cÖPzi cvwb I jeY K i I ii L i I iii
M jvB‡mvRvBg N jvB‡MR †ei n‡q †M‡Q ZvB †ek `ye©j| M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 75

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 5 welq ˆKvW : 1 7 8

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶v c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afx¶vi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. wWGbG cÖwZwjwci mgq †Kvb GbRvBg 9. UvBd‡qW †iv‡Mi Rb¨ †Kvb e¨vK‡Uwiqv 16. Bbmywjb n‡jv
nvB‡Wªv‡Rb eÜb †f‡O †`q? `vqx? K †cÖvwUb L wfUvwgb
K cÖvBgvm L cwjgv‡iR K e¨vwmjvm M wjwcW N Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU
M jvB‡MR N †nwj‡Km L †K¬vw÷ªwWqvg
17. †KvbwU gvby‡li K¨vÝvi cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z
M A¨vwm‡Uve¨v±i
2. †KvbwU †Kv‡li wfZ‡i pH eRvq iv‡L? cv‡i?
N mvj‡gv‡bjv
K mvB‡UvcøvRg L †Kvl MnŸi K B›Uvi‡dib L Bbmywjb
M MøvBAw·‡mvg N †÷ªvgv M †÷i‡qW N GbRvBg
 wbGPi DÏxcKwU c‡o 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi 18. †Kvb Dcv‡q GKwU wRb `ªæZ msL¨ve„w×
DËi `vI : n‡Z cv‡i?
K cÖRbb †K¬vwbs
10. Dc‡ii wP‡Î †Kvb ai‡bi cy®úcÎweb¨vm L wUmy †Kvl
†`Lv‡bv n‡q‡Q? M wiKw¤^‡b›U wWGbG cÖhyw³
K cÖvšÍ¯úk©x L cvKv‡bv
N wcwmAvi
M Bgweª‡KU N †fw·jvwi
19. RvB‡jg I †d¬v‡qg wUmy¨i mgš^‡q †Kvb
 wbGPi DÏxcKwU c‡o 11 I 12 bs cÖ‡kœi
wUmy¨ MwVZ?
3. wP‡Î wK ai‡bi †µvgvwUW †`Lv hv‡”Q? DËi `vI :
K ¯’j L GwcWvg©vj
K †gUv‡mw›UªK L mve-†gUv‡mw›UªK M Group  Br.EBr
O PA G
2 3+3 1 M fv¯‹zjvi N G‡ÛvWvg©vj
M A¨v‡µv‡mw›UªK N †U‡jv‡mwš¿K O 
N Group   Ek5K(5) C5A() G(5) 20. wb‡Pi †KvbwU MVbMZfv‡e `ye©j
4. gvB‡Uvwmm †Kvl wefvR‡bi †Kvb ch©v‡q
11. DÏxc‡Ki N MÖæ‡ci Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨ UªvÝwdDkb wUmy¨ Av‡Q?
†µv‡gvwUW¸‡jv Dc‡ii wP‡Îi g‡Zv i. ÷¨vwgbvj bvwj Dcw¯’Z K Nymphaea L Heritiera
†`Lvq? ii. cy®úcÎweb¨vm cÖvšÍ¯úkx M Hibiscus N Oryza
K †cÖv-†gUv‡dR L †gUv‡dR iii. e„°vKvi civMavbx Dcw¯’Z 21. †KvbwUi gva¨‡g MvQcvjv cvwb I LwbR
M A¨vbv‡dR N †U‡jv‡dR wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? jeY †kvlY K‡i?
5. wb‡Pi †KvbwU cøvRgv‡gg‡eª‡bi Rb¨ K i I ii L i I iii K g~j‡ivg L Gwc‡eøgv
cÖ‡hvR¨? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M K‡U©· N KvЇivg
K †f`‡hvM¨ 12. M MÖæ‡ci Dw™¢‡`i wkK‡oi Af¨šÍixY MVb
22. mv‡jvKms‡køl‡Yi Rb¨ m‡e©vËg ZvcgvÎv
L wίÍihy³ m¤ú‡K© wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
†KvbwU?
K RvB‡jg GÛvK©
M cøvR‡gv‡WmvgvUv _v‡K K 15.20  †m L 20.30  †m
L nvB‡cvWvwg©m _v‡K
N Bjvw÷K
M wc_-iW Ges wWw÷‡bU M 25.30  †m N 22.35  †m
6. cywói ¯^íZvi Rb¨ †Kvl g„Z n‡q †M‡j Kx 23. cvBiæwfK A¨vwm‡Wi `ywU AYy‡Z KqwU
N †cwimvB‡Kj K‡qK ¯Íi wewkó
ejv nq? 13. wb‡Pi †Kvb Dw™¢‡` nvBWv‡_vW cvIqv hvq? Kve©b _v‡K?
K A¨v‡cvc‡Uvwmm L welv³Zv K Avg L †cqviv K wZb L Pvi
M wbD‡ivwmm N †b‡µvwmm M U‡g‡Uv N Rev M cuvP N Qq
7. wb‡Pi †KvbwU g¨v‡jwiqv ciRxexi 14. †fvR¨ wkKo, Mg, fzÆv-wK Dw™¢‡`i 24. FADH2 Gi GKwU AYyi RviY Øviv ATP
Gwi‡_ªvmvBwU‡K mvB‡RvMwbi mv‡_ D`vniY? Gi KqwU AYy Drcbœ nq?
m¤úwK©Z? K bMœexRx L †Uwi‡WvdvBU
K2 L3
K †¯úv‡ivR‡qU L wµ‡ÞvR‡qU M GKexRcÎx N wØexRcÎx
M4 N5
M Uª‡dvR‡qU N †KvbwU bq 15. cøvRwgW wWGbG KZ©‡b `iKvi
25. †K cÖ_g B‡÷i MuvRb cÖwµqvq AevZ
8. †Kvb †ivMwU GwdW evnK Øviv e¨vcKfv‡e K A¨vgvB‡jm
Qovq? L †iw÷ªKkb GbRvBg k¦m‡bi eY©bv K‡ib?
K TMV L SAARS M †cÖvwUb K K¨vjwfb L jyB cv¯‘i

M GBWm N VSRP N †mjy‡jR M nvÝ †K wiem N †ivbvì

 76

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ewikvj †evW© 2022

1 30 c„ôvi 22 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 147 c„ôvi 16 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 31 c„ôvi 23 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 218 c„ôvi 26 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 70 c„ôvi 15 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 179 c„ôvi 15 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 109 c„ôvi 17 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 266 c„ôvi 16 bs cÖkœ I DËi

w`bvRcyi †evW© 2022

1 70 c„ôvi 16 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 218 c„ôvi 27 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 31 c„ôvi 24 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 219 c„ôvi 28 bs cÖkœ I DËi
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gqgbwmsn †evW© 2022

1 32 c„ôvi 26 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 148 c„ôvi 18 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 71 c„ôvi 17 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 220 c„ôvi 29 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 111 c„ôvi 19 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 220 c„ôvi 30 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 180 c„ôvi 16 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 267 c„ôvi 18 bs cÖkœ I DËi

†evW© cixÿvi cÖkœc‡Îi DËigvjv  eûwbe©vPwb

XvKv †evW© 2023
1 M 2 L 3 N 4 L 5 M 6 K 7 N 8 M 9 K 10 L 11 N 12 K 13 M
14 L 15 N 16 K 17 N 18 K 19 N 20 L 21 N 22 M 23 K 24 L 25 M

ivRkvnx †evW© 2023

1 L 2 N 3 K 4 N 5 K 6 M 7 L 8 N 9 M 10 L 11 N 12 L 13 K
14 M 15 K 16 L 17 M 18 L 19 N 20 L 21 M 22 K 23 M 24 N 25 M

h‡kvi †evW© 2023

1 M 2 N 3 N 4 L 5 K 6 K 7 K 8 L 9 L 10 N 11 K 12 K 13 L
14 L 15 M 16 L 17 N 18 K 19 L 20 M 21 L 22 N 23 N 24 M 25 M

Kzwgjøv †evW© 2023

1 M 2 K 3 N 4 L 5 K 6 L 7 L 8 M 9 M 10 N 11 N 12 L 13 M
14 K 15 M 16 M 17 L 18 K 19 K 20 L 21 N 22 K 23 L 24 K 25 M

PÆMÖvg †evW© 2023

1 L 2 M 3 N 4 K 5 K 6 M 7 M 8 L 9 N 10 N 11 N 12 L 13 M
14 L 15 K 16 L 17 K 18 K 19 M 20 N 21 N 22 M 23 K 24 L 25 N

wm‡jU †evW© 2023

1 L 2 K 3 L 4 N 5 M 6 M 7 L 8 N 9 M 10 M 11 K 12 N 13 M
14 N 15 K 16 M 17 M 18 L 19 N 20 K 21 K 22 N 23 K 24 L 25 N

ewikvj †evW© 2023

1 M 2 L 3 L 4 N 5 K 6 L 7 L 8 L 9 L 10 M 11 M 12 K 13 K
14 M 15 M 16 N 17 L 18 N 19 N 20 K 21 K 22 K 23 N 24 N 25 K
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w`bvRcyi †evW© 2023

1 N 2 N 3 M 4 M 5 K 6 K 7 K 8 L 9 L 10 L 11 N 12 L 13 M
14 M 15 M 16 N 17 M 18 L 19 L 20 M 21 M 22 M 23 M 24 K 25 N

gqgbwmsn †evW© 2023

1 N 2 M 3 K 4 N 5 M 6 K 7 L 8 L 9 L 10 M 11 N 12 L 13 M
14 L 15 M 16 N 17 M 18 L 19 M 20 L 21 M 22 K 23 L 24 N 25 L

XvKv †evW© 2022

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14 M 15 M 16 M 17 K 18 N 19 L 20 K 21 M 22 L 23 L 24 N 25 L

ivRkvnx †evW© 2022

1 K 2 N 3 K 4 M 5 L 6 L 7 L 8 K 9 M 10 L 11 K 12 N 13 M
14 L 15 L 16 K 17 L 18 L 19 L 20 L 21 M 22 N 23 K 24 K 25 N

h‡kvi †evW© 2022

1 K 2 N 3 N 4 L 5 M 6 L 7 M 8 K 9 L 10 N 11 K 12 K 13 L
14 N 15 N 16 K 17 N 18 N 19 K 20 N 21 M 22 N 23 K 24 N 25 K

Kzwgjøv †evW© 2022

1 N 2 L 3 N 4 L 5 L 6 K 7 N 8 K 9 M 10 L 11 L 12 M 13 K
14 M 15 M 16 L 17 K 18 L 19 M 20 N 21 K 22 N 23 N 24 M 25 K

PÆMÖvg †evW© 2022

1 M 2 N 3 K 4 N 5 L 6 K 7 L 8 L 9 N 10 L 11 L 12 N 13 N
14 L 15 M 16 L 17 K 18 L 19 K 20 M 21 K 22 L 23 M 24 M 25 K

wm‡jU †evW© 2022

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14 L 15 K 16 L 17 M 18 N 19 K 20 N 21 M 22 K 23 N 24 M 25 N

ewikvj †evW© 2022

1 K 2 N 3 M 4 N 5 L 6 M 7 K 8 L 9 N 10 N 11 K 12 L 13 M
14 N 15 K 16 N 17 L 18 L 19 M 20 N 21 K 22 L 23 M 24 M 25 K

w`bvRcyi †evW© 2022

1 K 2 M 3 L 4 N 5 M 6 K 7 L 8 K 9 M 10 M 11 K 12 K 13 N
14 N 15 L 16 M 17 M 18 K 19 L 20 K 21 L 22 N 23 N 24 L 25 N

gqgbwmsn †evW© 2022

1 N 2 L 3 K 4 K 5 L 6 N 7 K 8 K 9 M 10 N 11 K 12 L 13 K
14 L 15 K 16 N 17 K 18 N 19 N 20 N 21 M 22 K 23 N 24 N 25 N
 80

kxl©¯’vbxq K‡jRmg~‡ni cÖkc

œ ‡Îi DËigvjv
kxl©¯’vbxq K‡jRmg~‡ni cÖkœc‡Îi DËigvjv  m„Rbkxj
DËim~Î : HSC m„Rbkxj RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ MADE EASY to TEST PAPERS eB‡qi ...
wgR©vcyi K¨‡WU K‡jR, Uv½vBj
1 38 c„ôvi 38 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 155 c„ôvi 32 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 81 c„ôvi 36 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 233 c„ôvi 55 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 115 c„ôvi 28 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 234 c„ôvi 56 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 116 c„ôvi 29 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 270 c„ôvi 25 bs cÖkœ I DËi
gqgbwmsn Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR
1 38 c„ôvi 39 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 117 c„ôvi 31 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 81 c„ôvi 37 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 188 c„ôvi 31 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 82 c„ôvi 38 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 188 c„ôvi 32 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 117 c„ôvi 30 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 235 c„ôvi 57 bs cÖkœ I DËi
wSbvB`n K¨v‡WU K‡jR
1 39 c„ôvi 42 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 156 c„ôvi 34 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 155 c„ôvi 33 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 kU© wm‡jevm ewnf©~Z
3 235 c„ôvi 58 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 120 c„ôvi 35 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 83 c„ôvi 40 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 236 c„ôvi 59 bs cÖkœ I DËi
†dbx Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR
1 84 c„ôvi 42 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 190 c„ôvi 36 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 122 c„ôvi 38 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 237 c„ôvi 62 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 237 c„ôvi 61 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 157 c„ôvi 37 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 270 c„ôvi 26 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 41 c„ôvi 45 bs cÖkœ I DËi
bUi †Wg K‡jR, XvKv
1 191 c„ôvi 38 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 499 c„ôvi 24 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 239 c„ôvi 65 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 521 c„ôvi 23 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 272 c„ôvi 29 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 472 c„ôvi 44 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 159 c„ôvi 39 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 561 c„ôvi 49 bs cÖkœ I DËi
ivRDK DËiv g‡Wj K‡jR, XvKv
1 44 c„ôvi 49 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 160 c„ôvi 41 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 86 c„ôvi 46 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 192 c„ôvi 39 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 125 c„ôvi 42 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 240 c„ôvi 66 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 159 c„ôvi 40 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 272 c„ôvi 30 bs cÖkœ I DËi
AvBwWqvj ¯‹zj A¨vÛ K‡jR, gwZwSj, XvKv
1 44 c„ôvi 50 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 160 c„ôvi 42 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 87 c„ôvi 47 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 192 c„ôvi 40 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 240 c„ôvi 67 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 240 c„ôvi 68 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 125 c„ôvi 43 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 273 c„ôvi 31 bs cÖkœ I DËi
XvKv K‡jR
 81

1 241 c„ôvi 69 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 193 c„ôvi 41 bs cÖkœ I DËi

2 45 c„ôvi 51 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 45 c„ôvi 52 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 126 c„ôvi 44 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 161 c„ôvi 43 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 88 c„ôvi 48 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 273 c„ôvi 32 bs cÖkœ I DËi
Av`gRx K¨v›Ub‡g›U K‡jR, XvKv
1 47 c„ôvi 54 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 162 c„ôvi 45 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 47 c„ôvi 55 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 194 c„ôvi 43 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 89 c„ôvi 50 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 242 c„ôvi 72 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 127 c„ôvi 46 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 274 c„ôvi 33 bs cÖkœ I DËi
XvKv †iwm‡Wbwmqvj g‡Wj K‡jR
1 46 c„ôvi 53 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 193 c„ôvi 42 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 88 c„ôvi 49 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 241 c„ôvi 70 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 126 c„ôvi 45 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 274 c„ôvi 34 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 161 c„ôvi 44 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 242 c„ôvi 71 bs cÖkœ I DËi
miKvwi AvwRRyj nK K‡jR, e¸ov
1 49 c„ôvi 59 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 164 c„ôvi 49 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 50 c„ôvi 60 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 197 c„ôvi 47 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 91 c„ôvi 54 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 246 c„ôvi 78 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 129 c„ôvi 51 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 277 c„ôvi 38 bs cÖkœ I DËi
miKvwi gvB‡Kj gaym~`b K‡jR, h‡kvi
1 50 c„ôvi 61 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 277 c„ôvi 39 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 51 c„ôvi 62 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 246 c„ôvi 79 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 130 c„ôvi 52 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 247 c„ôvi 80 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 164 c„ôvi 50 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 197 c„ôvi 48 bs cÖkœ I DËi
PÆMÖvg K‡jR
1 135 c„ôvi 61 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 56 c„ôvi 70 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 55 c„ôvi 69 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 281 c„ôvi 45 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 251 c„ôvi 88 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 199 c„ôvi 53 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 168 c„ôvi 56 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 95 c„ôvi 60 bs cÖkœ I DËi
Avb›` †gvnb K‡jR, gqgbwmsn
1 60 c„ôvi 79 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 255 c„ôvi 96 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 98 c„ôvi 66 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 202 c„ôvi 58 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 138 c„ôvi 68 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 256 c„ôvi 97 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 170 c„ôvi 62 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 284 c„ôvi 51 bs cÖkœ I DËi

kxl©¯’vbxq K‡jRmg~‡ni cÖkœc‡Îi DËigvjv  eûwbe©vPwb

wgR©vcyi K¨v‡WU K‡jR, Uv½vBj
1 L 2 M 3 M 4 K 5 N 6 K 7 M 8 M 9 M 10 N 11 N 12 N 13 K
14 M 15 M 16 N 17 N 18 M 19 L 20 N 21 L 22 M 23 K 24 K 25 N

gqgbwmsn Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR

1 K 2 N 3 K 4 L 5 M 6 M 7 M 8 L 9 K 10 K 11 K 12 N 13 K
14 L 15 M 16 M 17 M 18 N 19 L 20 K 21 K 22 K 23 L 24 M 25 L
 82

ivRkvnx K¨v‡WU K‡jR

1 M 2 M 3 K 4 K 5 K 6 N 7 L 8 M 9 K 10 K 11 L 12 K 13 K
14 M 15 M 16 K 17 L 18 N 19 L 20 L 21 M 22 L 23 K 24 L 25 L

Kzwgjøv K¨v‡WU K‡jR

1 K 2 N 3 L 4 N 5 K 6 L 7 L 8 N 9 L 10 L 11 L 12 N 13 L
14 K 15 M 16 M 17 K 18 N 19 M 20 K 21 L 22 L 23 M 24 L 25 N

bUi †Wg K‡jR, XvKv

1 L 2 M 3 M 4 L 5 N 6 M 7 N 8 L 9 L 10 K 11 K 12 K 13 M
14 K 15 K 16 L 17 K 18 M 19 M 20 M 21 M 22 M 23 N 24 N 25 M

ivRDK DËiv g‡Wj K‡jR, XvKv

1 L 2 N 3 N 4 M 5 K 6 N 7 L 8 L 9 M 10 K 11 M 12 M 13 L
14 L 15 N 16 L 17 K 18 N 19 L 20 M 21 M 22 K 23 K 24 M 25 K

nwj µm& K‡jR, XvKv

1 K 2 N 3 K 4 M 5 M 6 M 7 M 8 M 9 L 10 L 11 K 12 N 13 L
14 L 15 K 16 M 17 L 18 L 19 M 20 N 21 L 22 L 23 K 24 N 25 N

miKvwi weÁvb K‡jR, †ZRMuvI, XvKv

1 L 2 N 3 M 4 L 5 M 6 L 7 M 8 L 9 L 10 K 11 K 12 N 13 M
14 N 15 L 16 M 17 N 18 K 19 L 20 M 21 M 22 L 23 K 24 K 25 K

weGGd kvnxb K‡jR, h‡kvi

1 L 2 K 3 K 4 N 5 L 6 N 7 K 8 K 9 M 10 N 11 L 12 N 13 L
14 L 15 K 16 K 17 K 18 M 19 M 20 M 21 L 22 M 23 N 24 M 25 L

Kzwgjøv wf‡±vwiqv miKvwi K‡jR

1 K 2 N 3 L 4 K 5 K 6 M 7 N 8 K 9 M 10 M 11 M 12 M 13 L
14 L 15 N 16 L 17 N 18 K 19 K 20 K 21 L 22 M 23 N 24 L 25 N

PÆMÖvg K‡jR
1 N 2 M 3 L 4 M 5 K 6 N 7 L 8 K 9 N 10 K 11 N 12 K 13 M
14 M 15 M 16 M 17 K 18 N 19 M 20 M 21 L 22 N 23 K 24 M 25 L

wc‡ivRcyi miKvwi gwnjv K‡jR

1 L 2 K 3 L 4 L 5 L 6 K 7 K 8 M 9 N 10 N 11 M 12 N 13 K
14 L 15 L 16 L 17 K 18 L 19 L 20 L 21 L 22 K 23 L 24 K 25 M
 83

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U‡÷i DËigvjv

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U‡÷i DËigvjv  m„Rbkxj
DËim~Î : HSC m„Rbkxj RxeweÁvb cÖ_g cÎ MADE EASY to TEST PAPERS eB‡qi ...
G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 1
1  243 c„ôvi 73 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5  195 c„ôvi 44 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2  90 c„ôvi 51 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6  243 c„ôvi 74 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3  127 c„ôvi 47 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7  244 c„ôvi 75 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4  162 c„ôvi 46 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8  275 c„ôvi 35 bs cÖkœ I DËi

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 2

1  53 c„ôvi 65 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5  166 c„ôvi 53 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2  53 c„ôvi 66 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6  198 c„ôvi 50 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3  94 c„ôvi 57 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7  250 c„ôvi 85 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4  132 c„ôvi 56 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8  279 c„ôvi 42 bs cÖkœ I DËi

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 3

1  57 c„ôvi 72 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5  201 c„ôvi 55 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2  96 c„ôvi 62 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6  253 c„ôvi 91 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3  136 c„ôvi 63 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7  57 c„ôvi 73 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4  168 c„ôvi 58 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8  282 c„ôvi 47 bs cÖkœ I DËi

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 4

1  59 c„ôvi 76 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5  97 c„ôvi 64 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2  254 c„ôvi 93 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6  137 c„ôvi 66 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3  201 c„ôvi 56 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7  283 c„ôvi 49 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4  254 c„ôvi 94 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8  169 c„ôvi 60 bs cÖkœ I DËi

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 5

1  96 c„ôvi 62 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5  241 c„ôvi 70 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2  130 c„ôvi 52 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6  231 c„ôvi 51 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3  33 c„ôvi 27 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7  197 c„ôvi 48 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4  161 c„ôvi 44 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8  279 c„ôvi 43 bs cÖkœ I DËi
 84

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U‡÷i DËigvjv  eûwbe©vPwb

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 1
1 M 2 M 3 L 4 M 5 L 6 L 7 N 8 L 9 L 10 L 11 K 12 K 13 K
14 M 15 N 16 L 17 N 18 L 19 K 20 L 21 M 22 N 23 L 24 N 25 K

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 2

1 K 2 N 3 N 4 L 5 L 6 L 7 L 8 M 9 L 10 L 11 N 12 N 13 N
14 K 15 L 16 N 17 L 18 L 19 N 20 L 21 K 22 N 23 K 24 M 25 L

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 3

1 K 2 K 3 K 4 L 5 L 6 M 7 K 8 M 9 K 10 K 11 N 12 L 13 K
14 M 15 N 16 L 17 M 18 N 19 K 20 L 21 M 22 K 23 N 24 N 25 M

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 4

1 K 2 M 3 L 4 M 5 K 6 L 7 N 8 M 9 M 10 M 11 N 12 K 13 L
14 M 15 K 16 N 17 K 18 N 19 L 20 K 21 M 22 N 23 L 24 M 25 N

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 5

1 N 2 L 3 L 4 M 5 N 6 N 7 M 8 N 9 N 10 M 11 N 12 M 13 M
14 M 15 L 16 K 17 K 18 N 19 M 20 K 21 K 22 N 23 N 24 K 25 L