1

wØZxq cÎ

†evW© cixÿvi cÖkœcÎ

 2

†mU : 2 XvKv ˆevWÆ 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co Ges
mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  cÖvwYRM‡Z wZbwU c‡e© †iPb cÖwµqvi mv‡_ mswkøó ˆewkó¨ 5  gvby‡li eÿMnŸ‡i Aew¯’Z †cwiKvwW©qvg Øviv Ave„Z A½wU
n‡jv wkLv‡Kvl, †bwd«wWqv Ges K·vj MÖwš’| wbw`©ó mgq ci¯úi ¯^qswµqfv‡e ¯ú›`b m„wó K‡i|
K. wm‡jvg Kx? 1 K. Gwi_wgqv Kx? 1
L. åƒY¯Íi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 L. n„rwc‡Ði KcvwUKv¸‡jvi bvg †jL| 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖ_g ai‡bi †Kv‡li wewkó c‡e©i M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖwµqvwU eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwU e¨vnZ n‡j K…wÎg h‡š¿i gva¨‡g
D`vniYmn ˆewkó¨ D‡jøL Ki| 3
A½wU ¯^vfvweK ivLv hvq  we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †kl `ywU A½ enbKvix ce©mg~‡ni
6  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
Zzjbvg~jK we‡kølY Ki| 4
O2
2  wدÍix cÖvYx ce©fz³ Ges cybiærcwË ÿgZvm¤úbœ GKwU cÖvYx
CO2
Dw™¢‡`i b¨vq †`nKvÐ n‡Z A‡hŠb Dcv‡q bZzb cÖRš§ m„wó
K‡i| G‡`i Pj‡bI e¨vcK ˆewPΨ †`Lv hvq| Q
K. nvB‡cv‡÷vg Kx? 1
L. wm‡jvg I wm‡j‡›Ui‡bi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ †jL| 2 Figure-P
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖRš§ m„wói cÖwµqv eY©bv Ki| 3 K. k¦mb e„ÿ Kx? 1
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwUi Pj‡bi ˆewPΨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 L. mvBbymvBwU‡mi jÿYmg~n †jL| 2
3  Nvmdwos‡q cÖvwYRM‡Zi Abb¨ cÖK…wZi k¦mb cÖwµqv †`Lv M. DÏxc‡K 'P' Gi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
hvq| iæB gv‡Qi †ÿ‡Î cÖwµqvwU wfbœ Dcv‡q m¤úbœ nq| N. DÏxc‡K 'Q' As‡ki ga¨ w`‡q M¨vm wewbgq cÖwµqvi
K. wUg‡cbvg Kx? 1 we‡kølY Ki| 4
7  cðvrc‡`i `yÕwU Aw¯’i mwܯ’‡j c¨v‡Ujv bvgK Aw¯’ i‡q‡Q|
L. m¤ú~Y© iƒcvšÍi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
GmKj Aw¯’i mv‡_ mshy³ †ckx mwÜ eivei cv mÂvj‡b
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g cÖvYx‡Z DwjøwLZ cÖwµqvwU †h Z‡š¿i
f‚wgKv iv‡L|
gva¨‡g msMwVZ nq Zvi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
K. cÖK…Z ck©yKv Kx? 1
N. DÏxc‡K `yÕwU cÖvYx‡Z DwjøwLZ cÖwµqvwUi Zzjbvg~jK
L. †d¬·i I G·‡Ubmi †ckx ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
we‡kølY Ki| 4 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ A½wUi †ckxi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
4  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki N. DwjøwLZ mw܇K †K›`ª K‡i `yÕwU Aw¯’ mÂvj‡b mswkøó
†ckxi f‚wgKv e¨vL¨v Ki| 4

A
8  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
P1  ♂ CCII  ♀ ccii

B F1  CcIi

F2  ?
K. Uvqvwjb Kx? 1
K. A¨vwjj Kx? 1
L. gvby‡li `šÍ ms‡KZ †jL| 2
L. †U÷µm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. kK©iv wecv‡K DÏxc‡Ki 'A' As‡ki f‚wgKv eY©bv
M. DÏxcK g¨v‡ÛwjR‡gi †h m~ÎwU AbymiY K‡i Zv
Ki| 3 e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. kK©iv I Avwgl RvZxq Lv‡`¨i P‚ovšÍ cwicv‡K N. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K F2 Rbyi djvdj †PKvi †ev‡W©i
DÏxc‡Ki 'B' As‡ki f‚wgKvB gyL¨  we‡kølY Ki| 4 gva¨‡g e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
 3

†mU : 2 ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki 5  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
nv½i  Bwjk  R P
Q
K. cÖvwY‰ewPΨ Kv‡K e‡j? 1
L. my¨‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU cÖvYx ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYx `ywU GKB ai‡bi bq †Kb? e¨vL¨v R
Ki| 3
K. cwicv‡Ki msÁv `vI| 1
N. hyw³mn R wPwýZ ¯’v‡b GKwU cÖvYxi bvg †jL| 4 L. M¨vw÷K MÖwš’ Kx? 2
2  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki M. cwicvKZ‡š¿ DÏxc‡Ki ‘P’ A‡ÿi f‚wgKv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. Lv`¨ cwicv‡K wP‡Îi ‘R’ ‘Q’ Gi Dci wbf©ikxj
P we‡kølY Ki| 4
6  fvZ I gvQ Avgv‡`i †`nMV‡bi cÖavb Dcv`vb Ges GKwU
Ôeo MÖwš’Õ G‡`i wecvKxq cÖwµqvq f‚wgKv iv‡L|
K. Bgvjwmwd‡Kkb Kv‡K e‡j? 1
Q L. ¯’j
~ Zv ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
K. nvB‡cv‡÷vg Kv‡K e‡j? 1 M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g Lv`¨wUi cwicvK cÖwµqv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. ¯úvg©v‡Uvwmm ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2 N. DÏxc‡Ki DwjøwLZ ev‡K¨i †kl Ask we‡kølY Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Îi 'P' Gi KvR e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 7  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
N. cÖvwY‡`‡n DÏxc‡Ki 'Q' wPwýZ As‡ki Zvrch© we‡kølY
Ki| 4 P

3  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki

wWg  wkï cÖvYx  c~Y©v½ Nvmdwos
K. cyÄvwÿ Kv‡K e‡j? 1
L. gy³ i³msenbZš¿ ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 K. A¨vbRvBbv Kx? 1
L. AvU©vwiI‡¯‹‡¬ ivwmm ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi †iPb cÖwµqv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡Ki A½wU‡Z wewfbœ KcvwUKvi f‚wgKv e¨vL¨v
N. DÏxc‡Ki †iLvwPÎwU we‡kølY Ki| 4
Ki| 3
4  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki N. DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi Kvh©µg ‘P’ Kxfv‡e wbqš¿Y K‡i?
i³bvwj we‡kølY Ki| 4
8  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
n„rwcÐ k¦mb A½ ♂ ¯^vfvweK  ♀ g~K-ewai
(DdEe) (ddEe)
i³bvwj i³bvwj K. †nv‡gvRvBMvm wRb Kv‡K e‡j? 1
†`n‡Kvl
K. evqy_wj Kx? 1 L. wj_vj wRb ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki msKivq‡b m„ó AcZ¨¸‡jvi wR‡bvUvBc
L. eªvw¼I‡÷Mvj c`©v ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
†`LvI| 3
M. DÏxc‡Ki n„rwc‡Ði MVb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki ¯^vfvweK cyiæ‡li ¯¿x †nv‡gvRvBMvm g~K I
N. DÏxc‡Ki msenb cÖwµqvwU we‡kølY Ki| 4 ewai n‡j Zv‡`i mšÍvb‡`i ¯^vfvweK nIqvi nvi KZ? 4
 4

†mU : 2 hGkvi ˆevWÆ 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  RxeweÁvb j¨v‡e `yÕwU PvU© Uv½v‡bv Av‡Q| hvi cÖ_gwU 5  Avwe` n„`‡iv‡M AvµvšÍ n‡q nvmcvZv‡j fwZ© n‡jb| Wv³vi
cÖwZmvg¨Zvi Dci wfwË K‡i cÖvYxi †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi PvU© Ges cixÿv K‡i Zv‡K ej‡jb, Zvi n„rwc‡Ði we‡kl †cwk¸‡”Qi
wØZxqwU Ganthostomata Awa‡kÖwYi mvZwU †kÖwYi bvgmn Q›`nxbZvi Kvi‡Y KvwW©qvK P‡µ mgm¨v n‡q‡Q| G Rb¨
D`vni‡Yi PvU©| Wv³vi Zv‡K we‡kl hš¿ emv‡bvi civgk© w`‡jb|
K. kxZj i³wewkó cÖvYx Kv‡K e‡j? 1 K. wngv‡Uv‡cv‡qwmm Kx? 1
L. wm‡jvg I wn‡gvwm‡ji g‡a¨ `ywU cv_©K¨ wjL| 2 L. A¨vbwRbvi jÿY wjL| 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖ_g Pv‡U©i †kÖwYweb¨vmwU e¨vL¨v M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ PµwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
Ki| 3 N. DÏxc‡K Wv³v‡ii civgk© KZUv hyw³hy³? †Zvgvi
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wØZxq Pv‡U©i 1  4 bs †kÖwYi gZvgZ `vI| 4
cÖwZwUi `ywU ˆewkó¨ I GKwU D`vniY `vI| 4 6  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
2  Cnidaria c‡e©i GK cÖRvwZi cÖvYx Av‡Q hviv AvZ¥iÿvi Rb¨
P
GK we‡kl ai‡bi †Kvl e¨envi K‡i| Avevi GB cÖvYxwUi

R-M¨vm
Q-M¨vm
GKUv Abb¨ ˆewkó¨ n‡jv Zv‡`i †`‡n kÖgeÈb we`¨gvb|
K. eªvw¼I‡÷Mvj c`©v Kx? 1
L. iæB gv‡Qi evqy_wji `ywU KvR wjL| 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwUi we‡kl †Kv‡li MVb e¨vL¨v
Q-M¨vm

R-M¨vm
Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †kl evK¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
3  A  GK ai‡bi bvwjKv, hv Insecta Gi †iPb A½| K. IwUwUm wgwWqv Kx? 1
B  we‡kl ai‡bi †Kvl¸”Q, hv cyÄvwÿi GKK| L. mvBbymvBwU‡mi jÿY¸‡jv wjL| 2
K. A¨vwUªqvg Kx? 1 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ‘P’ Gi MVb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. UªvwKqv I UªvwKI‡ji g‡a¨ `ywU cv_©K¨ wjL| 2 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ‘Q’ M¨v‡mi cwienb cÖwµqv we‡kølY
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ‘B’ Gi wPwýZ wPÎ A¼b Ki| 3 Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ‘A’ Gi MVb I Kvh© c×wZ we‡kølY 7  ivqnvb KsKvjZš¿ covi mgq Av`k© K‡kiæKv m¤ú‡K©
Ki| 4 Rvb‡Z cvij| †m Av‡iv Rvb‡jv GK ai‡bi we‡kl †ckx
4  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki KsKv‡ji mv‡_ mshy³ †_‡K Pj‡j f‚wgKv iv‡L|
K. n¨vfviwmqvb Zš¿ Kx? 1
Y L. wb‡iU I ¯úwÄ Aw¯’i g‡a¨ `ywU cv_©K¨ wjL| 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ K‡kiæKvi MVb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl evK¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
X
8  †g‡Û‡ji m~θ‡jvi `yÕwU e¨wZµg Gi AbycvZ †`Iqv Av‡Q|
K. Møy‡Kvwb‡qv‡R‡bwmm Kv‡K e‡j? 1 hvi cÖ_g AbycvZ 2 : 1 Ges wØZxq AbycvZ 13 : 3|
L. jvji‡mi Dcv`v‡bi e¨vL¨v `vI| 2 K. e¨vK µm Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ‘X’ As‡k wjwcW RvZxq Lv`¨ L. †g‡Û‡ji K…ZKvh© nIqvi KviY¸‡jv wjL| 2
cwicvK e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖ_g AbycvZwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ‘Y’ Gi wecvKxq f‚wgKv we‡kølY N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wØZxq AbycvZwU nIqvi KviY
Ki| 4 we‡kølY Ki| 4
 5

†mU : 2 KzwgÍÏv ˆevWÆ 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  AšÍiv wkÿv md‡i my›`ie‡bi KigRj †h‡q Kzwgi, cvwL, 5  iwng mv‡ne k¦vmKó, ey‡K e¨_vmn Ab¨vb¨ DcmM© wb‡q
nwiYmn wewPÎ cÖvYx †`‡L Lye Avb›` †cj| Wv³v‡ii kiYvcbœ n‡j wewfbœ cixÿv wbixÿv †k‡l Wvt
K. U¨v·b Kx? 1 ej‡jb eÿMnŸ‡ii `yB dzmdz‡mi gv‡S †gvPvK…wZ A½wUi
L. wØc` bvgKiY ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 i³bvjx‡Z cøvK m„wó n‡q‡Q|
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖ_g cÖvYxwUi †h c‡e©i AšÍM©Z Zvi K. i³ Kx? 1
ˆewkó¨ †jL| 3 L. i³ZÂb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
N. DÏxc‡Ki Z…Zxq cÖvYxwU wØZxq cÖvYxwU A‡cÿv M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ we‡kl A½wUi j¤^‡”Q‡`i wPwýZ wPÎ
†kÖwYZvwË¡Kfv‡e DbœZ we‡kølY Ki| 4 A¼b Ki| 3
2  GKv`k †kÖwYi QvÎx †gav RxeweÁvb K¬v‡m wدÍix kvšÍ N. DÏxc‡Ki DwjøwLZ A½wUi i³bvjxi RwUjZv wbim‡b
¯^fv‡ei GKwU cÖvYx m¤ú‡K© Rvb‡Z cvij †h, Giv Kjv eo AvKv‡ii Acv‡ikb QvovB m¤¢e we‡kølY Ki| 4
msMVb gvÎvq n‡jI G‡`i †`‡n DbœZ cÖvYx‡`i b¨vq kÖg 6  gvby‡li eÿMnŸ‡ii `yÕcv‡k AmsL¨ evqyc‡Ö Kvôhy³ A½
eÈb Av‡Q| †m Av‡iv Rvb‡Z cvi‡jv Giv ˆkev‡ji mv‡_ Av‡Q; hv O2 I CO2 M¨vm wewbgq NUvq|
wg‡_vRxweZv cÖ`k©b K‡i| K. cøyiv Kx? 1
K. †g‡mvwMøqv Kx? 1 L. mvB‡bvmvBwUm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
L. nvBWªvi wm‡j›Uvib‡K cwicvK I cwienb MnŸi ejv M. DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi ÿz`ªZg GK‡Ki MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
nq †Kb? 2 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †k‡lv³ M¨vmwUi cwien‡bi
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi kÖgeÈb eY©bv Ki| 3 kvixie„Ë e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ wee„wZwU we‡kølY Ki| 4 7  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
3  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki A

B
K. †fbvm nvU© Kx? 1
L. gv‡Qi cUKv‡K nvB‡Wªv÷¨vwUK A½ ejv nq †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwUi †iPb c×wZ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 K. nvU© A¨vUvK Kx? 1
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwU Av‡jv‡Ki ZxeªZvi Dci wfwË K‡i L. Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
`k©b †KŠk‡ji wfbœZv cwijwÿZ nq Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ‘B’ wPwýZ AskwUi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
4  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ‘A’ wPwýZ AskwUi MVbMZ
wfbœZvi g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki| 4
8  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
A wcZv gvZv  ♂ mv`v †jMnb©  ♀ mv`v IqvBb WU

B F1  mK‡jB mv`v


F2  mv`v : iwOb (13:3)
K. ¯’~jZv Kx? 1 K. eøvW MÖæc Kx? 1
L. `šÍms‡KZ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 L. wj½ mshy³ ˆewkó¨ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ‘B’ Gi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡Ki NUbvwU wRbZvwË¡K e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki DwjøwLZ ‘A’ MVbwU mÂqx f‚wgKvi
N. DÏxc‡Ki NUbvwU †g‡Û‡ji wØZxq m~‡Îi e¨wZµg
cvkvcvwk wecvKxq f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i we‡kølY Ki| 4 e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
 6

†mU : 2 PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1 wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki 5  gvbe‡`‡n O2, CO2 Ges cywó Dcv`vb cwien‡b m¤ú„³ Zij
†hvRK Kjv mÂvj‡b GKwU ms‡KvPb I cÖmviYÿg A½ gyL¨
f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i| hw`I D³ A½wU‡Z cywó mieivn GKwU
we‡kl bvwji gva¨‡g H Zij †hvRK KjvB K‡i|
K. A¨vw›U‡Rb Kx? 1
L. gv‡qv‡RwbK wbqš¿Y ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
P Q M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ A½wU AKvh©Ki nIqvi KviY¸‡jv
K. wm‡jvg Kx? 1 †jL| 3
L. Rxe‰ewPΨ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ A‡½ O2 I cywó Dcv`vb mieiv‡ni
M. DÏxc‡Ki ‘P’ cÖvYxwU‡K gvQ bv‡g Rvb‡jI cÖK…Zc‡ÿ †KŠkj e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
gvQ bq e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 6  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki
N. DÏxc‡Ki ‘Q’ cÖvYxwU msiÿ‡Yi ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
2 nvBWªv‡Z wnc‡bvUw·b c~Y© we‡kl ai‡bi †Kvl i‡q‡Q hv
w`‡q cÖvYxwU AvZ¥iÿv I Lv`¨ MÖn‡Yi KvR K‡i|
K. IgvwUwWqvg Kx? 1
L. gy³ msenb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwUi we‡kl ai‡bi †Kv‡li
A B
wPwýZ wPÎ A¼b Ki| 3 K. d¨vwmKzjvm Kx? 1
N. wb¤œ‡kÖwYi Dw™¢‡`i mv‡_ DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwUi L. n¨vfviwmqvb Zš¿ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
m¤úK© we‡kølY Ki| 4 M. DÏxc‡Ki ‘A’ Aw¯’wUi MVb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
3 Nvmdwos I iæBgvQ-G h_vµ‡g †cwiwUªg Øviv Ave„Z iܪ I N. DÏxc‡Ki ‘A’ I ‘B’ Gi kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨ we‡kølY
wPiæwb m`„k¨ A½ w`‡q k¦vmKvh© m¤úbœ K‡i| Ki| 4
K. †gRi Kvc© Kx? 1 7  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
L. nvBWªv‡Z ¯^wb‡lK N‡U bv †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖ_g cÖvYxwUi Av‡jvK ms‡ew`
A‡½i wPwýZ wPÎ A¼b Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYx `yÕwUi †ÿ‡Î DwjøwLZ Kv‡Ri
wfbœZv bv _vK‡jI c×wZMZ wfbœZv i‡q‡Q we‡kølY
Ki| 4
4 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki K. IwUwUm wgwWqv Kx? 1
L. A¨vwKDU mvBbymvBwUm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
Q
M. DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi Kvh©Kix GK‡Ki MVb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
P
N. evB‡ii cwi‡e‡ki mv‡_ M¨vm wewbg‡q DÏxc‡Ki
A½wUi f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki| 4
8  dvinvb Zv‡`i eviv›`vq `ywU U‡e mv`v I jvj †Mvjvc
jvwM‡q Zv‡`i g‡a¨ µm K‡i †`Lj, AvKv‡i GKUz eo Ges
K. KvBg Kx? 1 `„wób›`b †Mvjvcx dzj dz‡U‡Q|
L. Bgvjwmwd‡Kkb ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 K. ˆRe weeZ©b Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki ‘P’ wPwýZ A½ Lv`¨ cwicvK Ki‡jI L. cÖ v K… wZK wbe© v Pb gZev` ej‡Z Kx ey S? 2
M. dvinv‡bi M‡elYvi djvdj †PKvi †ev‡W©i mvnv‡h¨
wb‡RB cwicvK n‡q hvq bv we‡kølY Ki| 3
†`LvI| 3
N. gvbe‡`‡ni wewfbœ mÂq I wecvKxq Kvh©µg ‘Q’ N. dvinv‡bi M‡elYvi djvdj †g‡Û‡ji †Kvb m~‡Îi
wPwýZ A½ ¸iZ¡c~Y © we‡kølY Ki| 4 e¨wZµg Ges †Kb Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4
 7

†mU : 2 wmGjU ˆevWÆ 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki 5  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
cwicvK Zš¿

wcË_wj cvZvi b¨vq MÖwš’

K. †cwi÷vjwmm Kv‡K e‡j? 1
L. gvbe‡`‡ni ˆReimvqbvMvi ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
K. cÖRvwZi msÁv `vI| 1 M. DÏxc‡Ki Z‡š¿i _wjwU †`n †_‡K AcmviY Ki‡j Kx
L. wÎc` bvgKiY ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 NU‡e e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
M. DÏxcKwUi ce©MZ ˆewkó¨ D‡jøL Ki| 3 N. gvbe‡`‡n DÏxc‡Ki Z‡š¿i MÖwš’wUi f‚wgKv we‡kølY
N. ‘A’ -Gi wfwˇZ DÏxcKwUi Dcce©¸‡jvi Zzjbvg~jK Ki| 4
we‡kølY Ki| 4 6  Myocardial infarction (MI) gvbe‡`‡ni GKwU gvivZ¥K
2  cÖvwYRM‡Z GKwU cÖvYx Av‡Q-hvi ¯^vfvweK g„Zz¨ nq bv| mgm¨v|
K. wدÍix cÖvYx Kv‡K e‡j? 1 K. wmivg Kv‡K e‡j? 1
L. AšÍt‡Kvlxq cwicvK ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 L. i³ ZÂb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi kbv³Kvix ˆewk󨸇jv D‡jøL Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡Ki mgm¨v mswkøó A‡½i MVb I KvR e¨vL¨v
N. DÏxc‡Ki Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 Ki| 3

3  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki N. DÏxc‡Ki mgm¨vwU m„wói KviY I wPwKrmv m¤ú‡K©

Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4
7  gvbe‡`‡ni eÿ MnŸ‡i evqyc~Y© we‡kl A½ _v‡K, hv AmsL¨
†`n‡Kvl dzjKv _wj m`„k ÿz`ª GK‡K MwVZ| Bnv we‡kl †KŠk‡j msKzwPZ
cÖmvwiZ nq|
n„rwcÐ
K. mvBbymvBwUm Kx? 1
K. cvk¦‡© iLv A½ Kx? 1
L. mvi‡dKU¨v›U ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
L. †gRi Kvc© ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki ÿz`ª GK‡Ki MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi n„rwc‡Ði MVb wPÎmn eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Îi MwZc_ we‡kølY Ki| 4
8  Mf©eZx wgbyi i‡³i MÖæc ABve| Zvi ¯^vgx Rh+ve|
4  wWg  wbç  c~Y©v½ Nvmdwos|
K. wj_vj wRb Kx? 1
K. wn‡gvwmj Kx? 1
L. cÖvK…wZK wbe©vPb gZev` ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
L. iƒcvšÍi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K wgbyi Kx Kx RwUjZv n‡Z cv‡i
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi bvB‡Uªv‡Rb NwUZ eR©¨ wb®‹vwkZ
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
nIqvi cÖwµqv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 N. DÏxc‡Ki wgbyi i‡³i cÖ‡qvRb n‡j †Kvb ai‡bi i³
N. DÏxc‡Ki †iLvwPÎwU we‡kølY Ki| 4 †m MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e? we‡kølY Ki| 4
 8

†mU : 4 ewikvj ˆevWÆ 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki 5  †kÖwYK‡ÿ wkÿK n„rwc‡Ði KcvwUKv wb‡q Av‡jvPbv Ki‡jb
Ges i³Pvc wbqš¿‡Y i‡³i AvqZ‡bi f‚wgKvi K_vI D‡jøL
wkLv †Kvlhy³ Dfq cÖvšÍ miæ cÖK…Z LÐvwqZ
cÖvYx bjvKvi ciRxex cÖvYx cÖvYx K‡ib|
X Y Z K. †÷ªvK Kx? 1
K. Aw÷qv Kx? 1 L. †m‡KÛ †cm‡gKvi ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
L. ZvivgvQ-†K †Kb cÂAixq cÖvYx ejv nq? 2 M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_gvs‡ki Av‡jvwPZ welqwU eY©bv Ki| 3
M. ‘X’ G DwjøwLZ c‡e©i ˆewkó¨ †jL| 3 N. DÏxc‡Ki wØZxqvs‡ki Av‡jvwPZ welqwU AZ¨šÍ
N. DÏxc‡K ‘Y’ Ges ‘Z’ Gi g‡a¨ †KvbwU †ewk DbœZ? ¸iæZ¡c~Y© we‡kølY Ki| 4
we‡kølY Ki| 4 6  gvbe‡`‡ni k¦ v m-cÖ k ¦ v m Kvh© µ g cbm I †gWz jv Øviv wbqwš¿ Z
2  mwÜhy³ Dcv½wewkó Z…Y‡fvRx cÖvYxi `k©b †KŠkj Av‡jv nq Ges i‡³i we‡kl GK ai‡bi iÄK c`v_© M¨vmxq
Øviv Ges iƒcvšÍi ni‡gvb Øviv wbqwš¿Z| wewbg‡q mvnvh¨ K‡i|
K. †cvU©vj wkivZš¿ Kx? 1 K. mvBbymvBwUm Kx? 1
L. nvBWªvi wm‡j‡›Uib‡K cwicvK msenb MnŸi ejv nq L. GgdvB‡mgv †iv‡Mi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
†Kb? 2 M. DwjøwLZ c`v_©wUi KvR DÏxc‡Ki mv‡c‡ÿ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
M. DwjøwLZ ivmvqwbK e¯‘ Kxfv‡e kvixie„Ëxq Kvh©µgwU N. DwjøwLZ As‡k Kvh©µgwU Kxfv‡e wbqwš¿Z nq?
m¤úbœ K‡i e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwUi †ÿ‡Î `k©b‡KŠkj Av‡jv Øviv 7  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
cÖfvweZ Kxfv‡e? we‡kølY Ki| 4
3  n„rwcÐ X dzjKv Y mgMÖ †`n

K. †g‡m‡›Uib Kx? 1 P
L. Hydra †Z ¯^wb‡lK nq bv †Kb? 2
Q
M. DÏxc‡K Bw½ZK…Z cÖvYxi iƒcvwj cvZm`„k A‡½i MVb
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. X I Y ØvivB DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi g~j evwnKv‡Z i³
R
mieivn nq we‡kølY Ki| 4
wPÎ-A
4  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki K. A¨v›Uv‡Mvwbw÷K †cwk Kx? 1
P L. n„r‡cwk K¬všÍ nq bv †Kb? 2
M. ‘P’ Gi m~² MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
N. ‘P’ I ‘R’ Gi mÂvj‡b ‘Q’ Uvb †`q, av°v †`q bv
e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
Q
8  iwng mv‡ne Gi i³ MÖæc ‘O’| wKš‘ Zvi wcZv I gvZvi i³
MÖæc h_vµ‡g ‘A’ I ‘B’| Avevi iwng mv‡ne ¯^vfvweK
`„wóm¤úbœ n‡jI Zvi fvB jvj mey‡Ri cv_©K¨ Ki‡Z cv‡i
K. †cwi÷¨vjwmm Kx? 1 bv|
L. cvK¯’jxi wùsUvi `ywUi bvg I KvR †jL| 2 K. †d‡bvUvBc Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki ‘P’ wPwýZ As‡ki wecvKxq f‚wgKv †jL| 3 L. mKj †U÷ µm e¨vK µm, wKš‘ mKj e¨vK µm †U÷
N. DÏxc‡Ki ‘Q’ wPwýZ AskwU n‡Z wbtm„Z ni‡gvb µm bq †Kb? 2
i‡³ Mø‡y Kv‡Ri cwigvY wbqš¿Y K‡i Kxfv‡e? we‡kølY M. iwng mv‡ne Gi i³ MÖæ‡ci wRbZvwË¡K e¨vL¨v `vI| 3
Ki| 4 N. iwng mv‡ne Gi wcZvgvZvi †R‡bvUvBc we‡kølY Ki| 4
 9

†mU : 4 w`bvRcyi ˆevWÆ 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  wkÿK AcÖK…Z †`nMnŸi wewkó c‡e©i ˆewkó¨ wb‡q Av‡jvPbv K. wmivg Kx? 1
Ki‡jb Ges cieZ©x‡Z wZwb †UUªv‡cvWvi `ywU kxZj L. i‡³i ÔeøvW e¨vsKÕ ej‡Z †Kvb A½‡K eySvq? †Kb? 2
i³wewkó †kÖwYi g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki‡jb| M. DwjøwLZ ‘X’ Gi Kvh©µg e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
K. U‡Uvwbg Kx? 1 N. DwjøwLZ ‘Y’ A½wU mÂvj‡b ‘Z’ Gi f‚wgKv we‡kølY
L. wPswo gvQ bq †Kb? 2 Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖ_g Av‡jvwPZ ce©wUi ˆewkó¨
6  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
Q
N. DwjøwLZ †k‡lv³ cÖvYx `ywUi †kÖwYMZ wfbœZvi KviY P P
we‡kølY Ki| 4 Q

2  MÖxK cyiv‡Y ewY©Z `vb‡ei bv‡g cwiwPZ cÖvYx GKwU we‡kl

†Kvl Øviv Pjb, Lv`¨MÖnY I AvZ¥iÿv K‡i _v‡K|
K. †iwUqv wgivwewjqv Kx? 1
L. cÖwZ‡mÖvZ Zš¿ ej‡Z Kx eyS? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 K. ewntk¦mb Kx? 1
M. DwjøwLZ †KvlwUi MVb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 L. IwUwUm wgwWqv †Kb nq? 2
N. DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwUi †Kvl I A½ ch©v‡q Kv‡Ri wfbœZv
M. DÏxc‡Ki P I Q Gi wewbgq e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
†`Lv hvq we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. P I Q Gi cwien‡b i‡³i iÄK c`v‡_©i f‚wgKv
3  wkÿK GKwU ˆewPΨgq `k©b †KŠkjwewkó Z…Y‡fvRx cÖvYx
we‡kølY Ki| 4
Ges wkiv n„rwcÐ wewkó RjR Z…Y‡fvRx cÖvYx wb‡q Av‡jvPbv
7  gvbe K¼vjZ‡š¿i eÿ‡`kxq K‡kiæKv‡K Av`k© K‡kiæKv
Ki‡jb|
K. GwjUªv Kx? 1 wn‡m‡e aiv hvq|
L. †gŠgvwQi iƒcvšÍi‡K m¤ú~Y© iƒcvšÍi ejv nq †Kb? 2 K. K‡ivwU Kx? 1
M. DwjøwLZ cÖ_g cÖvYxwUi `k©b GK‡Ki MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 L. c~Y©eq¯‹ gvby‡l K‡kiæKvi msL¨v 33, wKš‘ Aw¯’ msL¨v
N. DÏxc‡K wØZxq cÖvYxwU msiÿY Riæwi we‡kølY Ki| 4 26, eywS‡q †jL| 2
4  X- M¨vw÷ªK MÖwš’ M. DwjøwLZ K‡kiæKvi MVb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
Y- IRb = 30.00  34.99 kg/m2 N. DwjøwLZ Z‡š¿i mÂvj‡b †cwkB gyL¨ f‚wgKv cvjb
K. wmKvg Kx? 1
K‡i we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. Møy‡Kv‡Ri MøvB‡Kv‡R‡b iƒcvšÍi e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
8  wRbZË¡we` Rbve ‘M’ mv`v I Kv‡jv weov‡ji g‡a¨ µm
M. ‘X’ Gi †Kvl¸‡jvi KvR e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DwjøwLZ ‘Y’ Ae¯’vwUi Rb¨ ïaygvÎ Lv`¨MÖnYB `vqx NwU‡q F1 Rby‡Z me Kv‡jv weovj †c‡jb Ges wKQy njy`
bq we‡kølY Ki| 4 Bu`‡y ii g‡a¨ µm NwU‡q F1 Rby‡Z GK PZz_©vsk Bu`yi åƒY
5  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ae¯’vq g„Z †c‡jb|
K. A¨vwjj Kx? 1
L. †g‡Û‡ji 1g m~·K c„_KxKiY m~Î ejv nq †Kb? 2
X
M. DÏxc‡K Bu`‡y ii µ‡mi †R‡bvUvBwcK I wd‡bvUvBwcK
AbycvZ wbY©q Ki| 3
Z
N. DÏxc‡K weov‡ji †ÿ‡Î †U÷ µ‡mi djvdj we‡kølY
Ki| 4
Figure-Y
 10

†mU : 4 gqgbwmsn ˆevWÆ 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki K. cwicvK Gi msÁv `vI| 1
nv½i  Bwjk  R L. M¨vw÷ªK MÖwš’ Kx? 2
M. cwicvK Z‡š¿ DÏxc‡Ki ‘P’ A‡½i f‚wgKv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
K. cÖvwY‰ewPΨ Kv‡K e‡j? 1
L. my‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU cÖvYx ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 N. Lv`¨ cwicv‡K wP‡Îi ‘R’ ‘Q’ Gi Dci wbf©ikxj
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYx `ywU GKB ai‡bi bq †Kb? e¨vL¨v we‡kølY Ki| 4
Ki| 3 6  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
N. hyw³mn R wPwýZ ¯’v‡b GKwU cÖvYxi bvg †jL| 4 R S
2  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
P Q

Q K. SAN-Gi c~Y©iƒc †jL| 1

L. K‡ivbvwi msenb ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Îi wPwýZ Ask¸‡jv A‡½ Kxfv‡e KvR
K. nvB‡cv‡÷vg Kv‡K e‡j? 1 K‡i? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. ¯úvg©v‡Uv‡R‡bwmm ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 N. gvbe‡`‡n wP‡Îi A½wUi f‚wgKv Acwimxg we‡kølY
M. DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Îi ‘P’ -Gi KvR e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 Ki| 4
N. cÖvwY‡`‡n DÏxc‡Ki ‘Q’ wPwýZ As‡ki Zvrch©
7  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
we‡kølY Ki| 4
3  wWg  wkï cÖvYx  c~Y©v½ Nvmdwos
P
K. cyÄvwÿ Kv‡K e‡j? 1
L. gy³ i³msenbZš¿ ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi †iPb cÖwµqv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki †iLvwPÎwU we‡kølY Ki| 4
K. A¨vbRvBbv Kx? 1
4  GKwU cÖvYx `yB cÖ‡Kvôwewkó GKwU A½ msen‡b e¨envi K‡i
Ges cvwb‡ZB Zvi †`‡ni M¨vmxq Dcv`v‡bi wewbgq NUvq| L. AvU©vwiI‡¯‹¬‡ivwmm ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
K. A¨vbywj Kx? 1 M. DÏxc‡Ki A½wU‡Z wewfbœ KcvwUi f‚wgKv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. †f‡ewiqvb AwmKj Kx? 2 N. DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi Kvh©µg ‘P’ Kxfv‡e wbqš¿Y K‡i?
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxi A‡½i MVb I KvR †jL| 3 we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwU cvwb‡Z †h cÖwµqvwU m¤úbœ K‡i Zv 8  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
we‡kølY Ki| 4
♂ ¯^vfvweK  ♀ g~K-ewai
5  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
(DdEe) (ddEe)
K. †nv‡gvRvBMvm wRb Kx? 1
Q P L. wj_vj wRb ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡K msKivq‡b m„ó AcZ¨¸‡jvi wR‡bvUvBc
R
†`LvI| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki cyiæ‡li ¯¿x †nv‡gvRvBMvm g~K I ewai n‡j
Zv‡`i mšÍvb‡`i ¯^vfvweK nIqvi nvi KZ? 4
 11

ˆmU : 01 XvKv †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq1 NÈv 40 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb30
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges
mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h‡Kv‡bv wZbwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1 wekvj cÖvwYRMZ‡K Zv‡`i Rxe‡b c„ôxq wb‡iU GKwU we‡kl 5  Avgv‡`i †`‡ni i³‡K evwnKvi wfZi w`‡q mÂvj‡bi Rb¨
MV‡bi Dcw¯’wZi Dci wfwË K‡i †kÖwYweb¨vm Kiv n‡q‡Q| w·KvYvKvi GKwU A½ cÖavb f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i| Z‡e †`‡ni
fvwU©‡eªU‡`i g‡a¨ cÖ_g Dò i³wewkó `jwU †giæ AÂjmn kvixie„Ëxq w¯’Zve¯’vi Rb¨ i³ ZÂb GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
c„w_exi mg¯Í cÖvK…wZK cwi‡e‡k we¯Í…Z| ˆRewbK KvR|
K. cÖRvwZ Kv‡K e‡j? 1 K. KvBj Kx? 1
L. †Ku‡Pv‡K BDwm‡jv‡gU ejv nq †Kb? 2 L. KvwW©qvK Pµ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DwjøwLZ Dò i³wewkó cÖvYxi ce©MZ ˆewkó¨ †jL| 3 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ A½wUi j¤^‡”Q‡`i wPwýZ wPÎ `vI| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wfwË e¨ZxZ cÖvYxi †kÖwYweb¨v‡m AviI N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ˆRewbK KvRwU Kx ¯^vfvweK
Ae¯’vq †`‡n N‡U? we‡kølYc~e©K gšÍe¨ Ki| 4
wfwË e¨envi Kiv n‡q‡Q we‡kølY Ki| 4
6  k¦mb GKwU Q‡›`vgq cÖwµqv| k¦vm‡K›`ª, k¦mb mswkøó cÖwZeZ©
2 wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI
wµqv BZ¨vw` k¦vmwµqv wbqš¿‡Y f‚wgKv iv‡L| we‡kl
cwiw¯’wZ‡Z K…wÎg k¦vm-cÖk¦v‡mi cÖ‡qvRb n‡j GKRb
cÖwkwÿZ e¨w³‡KB G KvRwU Ki‡Z nq|
P K. IUvBwUm wgwWqv Kx? 1
L L. k¦m‡b wn‡gv‡Møvweb †Kb ¸iæZ¡c~Y©? 2
K. wg‡_vRxweZv Kx? 1 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖwkwÿZ e¨w³i K…ZKv‡Ri avivevwnK
eY©bv `vI| 3
L. wWMevRx Pjb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
N. DwjøwLZ wbqš¿Y Kx ïayB ¯œvqyweK? we‡kølYc~e©K gšÍe¨
M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔLÕ wP‡Îi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
Ki| 4
N. GKB cÖvYxi wfbœ wfbœ †Kv‡l ÔPÕ As‡ki wewfbœ cÖKvi‡f`
7  wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI
†`Lv hvq e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
3 Nvmdwos GKwU mvaviY cZ½| w`‡bi D¾¡j Av‡jv I w¯ÍwgZ
Av‡jv `yB †ÿ‡ÎB Nvmdwos Gi `„wókw³ mgfv‡e Kvh©Ki
_v‡K bv|
K. IwfcwRUi Kx? 1 K L
L. iƒcvšÍi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 K. wbZ¤^ v w¯’ Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwUi k¦mb Z‡š¿i eY©bv `vI| 3 L. eÿwcÄi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl jvBbwUi h_v_©Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4 M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔKÕ wP‡Îi g‡a¨ `„k¨gvb RwUjZvi wPwKrmv
4 Avgv‡`i Lv‡`¨i AcvP¨ Ask cÖ‡ek K‡i †gvUv bjvKvi c×wZ eY©bv Ki| 3
LuvRhy³ GKwU MV‡bi g‡a¨| GB MVb †cŠwóKbvwji Ask N. DÏxc‡Ki ÔKÕ mswkøó †cwk I ÔLÕ Gi g‡a¨ Kx †Kv‡bv
cv_©K¨ Av‡Q? eywS‡q †jL| 4
n‡jI cwicv‡Ki g‡Zv ¸iæZ¡c~Y© kvixie„Ëxq cÖwµqvq Gi
8  DÏxcK : (1) Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv
f‚wgKv †MŠY|
(2) mgcÖKUZv
K. wmKvg Kx? 1
(3) wj_vj wRb
L. e„n`š¿‡K 2q gw¯Í®‹ ejv nq †Kb? 2 K. Gwc÷¨vwmm Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ bjvKvi MVbwUi gvbeRxe‡b ¸iæZ¡ L. eY©vÜZv‡K wj½RwoZ RwUjZv ejv nq †Kb? 2
†jL| 3 M. 1bs DÏxc‡Ki wRbZvwË¡K e¨vL¨v `vI| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ kvixie„Ëxq cÖwµqvq ni‡gv‡bi f‚wgKv N. DwjøwLZ mKj DÏxcK †g‡Û‡ji m~‡Îi e¨wZµg
m¤ú‡K© gZvgZ `vI| 4 we‡kølYc~e©K Ki| 4
 12

ˆmU : 01 ivRkvnx †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq1 NÈv 40 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb30
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges
mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h‡Kv‡bv wZbwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI 5  wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI
P ,
Nematoda, , Q Arthropoda

K. Rxe‰ewP‡Î¨i msÁv `vI| 1 Q

L. åƒYxq ¯Íi ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2

P
M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔPÕ wPwýZ c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i kbv³Kvix
ˆewk󨸇jv D‡jøL Ki| 3
K. ¯’j
‚ Zv Kv‡K e‡j? 1
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Q I Zvi cieZ©x c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i
L. MÖvw÷ªK Rym Kx? 2
cÖavb ˆemv`„k¨¸‡jv ch©v‡jvPbv Ki| 4
M. wP‡Îi ÔPÕ -Gi ˆewkó¨ D‡jøL Ki| 3
2  GKwU wØ-¯Íix cÖvYx hvi †`‡ni Af¨šÍ‡i meyR Rxe evm K‡i|
N. kK©iv m‡q wP‡Îi ÔPÕ I ÔQÕ Gi f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki|4
K. †bgv‡Uvwm÷ Kv‡K e‡j? 1
L. †g‡mvwMøqv Kx? 2 6  gvby‡li †`‡n †gvPvK…wZi GKwU A½ Av‡Q hv Pvi cÖ‡Kvô

M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi `ªæZ Pjb cÖwµqvwU eY©bv Ki| 3 wef³ I KcvwUKvhy³ Ges A½wU ¯^qswµqfv‡e wbqwš¿Z nq|

N. DÏxc‡Ki Rxe `ywUi cvi¯úwiK m¤úK© we‡kølY Ki| 4 K. †cm‡gKvi Kx? 1

3  wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI L. i³ KwYKv¸‡jv‡K i³‡Kvl ejv nq bv †Kb? 2

wbwl³ M. DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi KcvwUKv¸‡jvi bvg, Ae¯’vb I KvR

wWg D‡jøL Ki| 3
c~Y©v½ cÖvYx wbç N. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K A½wUi wbqš¿Y †KŠkj we‡kølY Ki| 4
7  wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI

K. IgvwUwWqvg Kv‡K e‡j? 1

L. gy³ i³msenbZš¿ ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 P
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi wkï Ae¯’v hw` AcwiewZ©Z _v‡K
Z‡e Zvi KviY we‡kølY Ki| 4 K. mvi‡Kv‡jgv Kx? 1
4  wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI L. AšÍtk¦mb ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔPÕ wPwýZ As‡ki MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki ÔPÕ wPwýZ As‡k M¨v‡mi wewbg‡q i‡³i
f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki| 4
8  iwdK mv‡n‡ei `yB †Q‡ji g‡a¨ GKRb eY©vÜ|
K. Kvc©-Gi msÁv `vI| 1 K. A¨vwjj Kv‡K e‡j? 1
L. ewne©vnx dzjKv agwb ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 L. wj_vj wRb ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi Ae¯’vb I MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 M. iwdK mv‡n‡ei cwiev‡ii mgm¨vwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ A½wUi we‡klZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. iwdK mv‡n‡ei †g‡q‡`i m¤¢ve¨ wR‡bvUvBc wbY©q Ki| 4
 13

ˆmU : 03 h‡kvi †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq1 NÈv 40 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb30
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges
mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h‡Kv‡bv wZbwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1  ce© ÔXÕ = mKj cÖvYx mvgyw`ªK 5  Avgv‡`i †`‡n GKwU †m›Uªvj cvw¤ús A½ Av‡Q Ges Gi
ce© ÔYÕ = K…wgRvZxq Ges AwaKvsk ciRxex ms‡KvPb I cÖmvi‡Yi d‡j mviv †`‡n i³ cwievwnZ nq|
ce© ÔZÕ = K…wgRvZxq, †KD †KD gy³Rxex Ges †KD †KD K. †mvivg Kx? 1
ciRxex|
L. †cvU©vj msenb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
K. cÖRvwZ Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ A½wUi j¤^‡”Q‡`i wPwýZ wPÎ AuvK| 3
L. wØ-Aixq cÖwZmvg¨ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ce© ÔXÕ Gi ˆewk󨸇jv †jL| 3 N. A½wU‡Z `ywU we‡kl mg‡q Ges we‡kl Kvi‡Y `ywU k‡ãi
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ÔYÕ I ÔZÕ ce© `ywUi g‡a¨ †KvbwU m„wó nq we‡kølY Ki| 4
DbœZ? we‡kølY Ki| 4 6  wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI
2  nvBWªvi ewntZ¡‡K GK we‡kl ai‡bi †Kvl Av‡Q hv nvBWªvi 'P' 'Q'
wkKvi I AvZ¥iÿvq mnvqZv K‡i| Avevi ewntZ¡K I
AšÍtZ¡‡K Ab¨ GK ai‡bi †Kvl Av‡Q hv cybiærcwË NUv‡Z
cv‡i|
K. wg‡_vRxweZv Kx? 1
L. nvBWªvi ¯^-wb‡lK N‡U bv †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ we‡kl ai‡bi †KvlwUi m~ÎK wbwÿß
Ae¯’vq wPÎiƒc †`LvI| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki wØZxq As‡k ewY©Z †KvlwU cÖvYxi eske„w×i K. mvBbymvBwUm Kx? 1
mv‡_ RwoZ we‡kølY Ki| 4 L. K…wÎg k¦vm-cÖk¦vm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
3  wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔPÕ I ÔQÕ Gi MgbvMgb eY©bv Ki| 3
i³  †cwiKvwW©qvj mvBbvm i³  n„rwcÐ N. wKQz Am‡PZb gvby‡li e` Af¨vm DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi
ÿwZmvab K‡i we‡kølY Ki| 4
g¯Í‡Ki mvBbvm  n„rwcÐ dzjKv  †f›Uªvj A¨vIU©v 7  gvbe‡`‡ni K¼vj cÖavbZ `ywU Ask wb‡q MwVZ| hvi GKwU
wPÎ : ÔXÕ wPÎ : ÔYÕ bgbxq Ges Ab¨wU Abgbxq|
K. Kvc© gvQ Kx? 1 K. K‡kiæKv Kx? 1
L. Wvqv‡cvR ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 L. n¨vfviwmqvbZš¿ ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. wPÎ-Y Gi cÖvYxwUi n„rwc‡Ði MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖavb `ywU As‡ki Zzjbv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ ÔXÕ I ÔYÕ Gi i³ msen‡bi g‡a¨
N. DÏxc‡Ki Zš¿wU mij hvwš¿K c×wZi b¨vq KvR K‡i
cv_©K¨ we`¨gvb e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
4  ingvb mv‡n‡ei mKv‡ji Lv`¨ ZvwjKv wb¤œiƒc : we‡kølY Ki| 4
P = Avjy fZ©v 8  W. †iRv `ywU njy` Bu`‡y ii g‡a¨ µm NUvb Ges 1g Rby‡Z
Q = mwilvi †Zj GK-PZz_©vsk AcZ¨ gviv hvq| Ab¨w`‡K Wv. mygbv we‡q
R = fvZ Ki‡Z wM‡q ïaygvÎ i‡³i Rh d¨v±iRwbZ Kvi‡Y GKwU
K. wgkÖMÖwš’ Kx? 1 †Q‡j‡K we‡q Ki‡jb bv|
L. Møy‡KvwbI‡R‡bwmm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
K. mgms¯’ A½ Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki DwjøwLZ ÔPÕ I ÔRÕ Gi cwicvK cÖwµqv e¨vL¨v
Ki| 3 L. Bwknviv †U÷ ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
N. DÏxc‡Ki ÔQÕ Gi mvie¯‘ †kvlY I cwien‡b i³ I M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ W. †iRvi µmwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
jwmKv Df‡qB f‚wgKv iv‡L we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. Wv. mygbv Kx mwVK wm×všÍ wb‡qwQ‡jb? we‡kølY Ki| 4
 14

ˆmU : 01 Kzwgjøv †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq1 NÈv 40 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb30
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges
mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h‡Kv‡bv wZbwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki : 5  wb‡Pi wPÎ wZbwU jÿ Ki :
P Q R
wdZv K…wg †Mvj K…wg iæB gvQ
K. cÖRvwZ Kx? 1
L. wدÍix I wίÍix cÖvYxi cv_©K¨ wjL? 2
wPÎ-P wPÎ-Q wPÎ-R
M. DÏxc‡Ki P, Q I R cÖvYx‡`i g‡a¨ wm‡jvg-Gi wfbœZv
K. †cwk Kx? 1
i‡q‡Q e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. wnD‡giv‡mi ˆewkó¨ wjL| 2
N. DÏxc‡Ki R cÖvYxwU Q A‡cÿv DbœZ we‡kølY Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ-P Gi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
2  Hydra-Gi ewntZ¡K Ges AšÍtZ¡‡K wewfbœ ai‡bi †Kvl
N. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ Q I R-Gi cv_©K¨¸‡jv wjL| 4
we`¨gvb| GB †Kvl¸‡jvi bv‡gi w`K †_‡K wKQy wgj I wKQy
6  †Kv‡bv †Kv‡bv we‡kl wR‡bi †nv‡gvRvBMvm Ae¯’vq
Awgj i‡q‡Q|
Ae¯’v‡bi Kvi‡Y mšÍv‡bi g„Zz¨ NU‡Z cv‡i| Gme NUbv
K. Pjb Kx? 1
cÖK…Zc‡ÿ †g‡Ûjxq AbycvZ 3 : 1 Gi e¨wZµg|
L. AšÍt‡Kvlxq cwicvK ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
K. Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv Kv‡K e‡j? 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi ewntZ¡‡Ki Zzjbvq AšÍtZ¡‡K †h L. wbw®µq A½ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
†Kvl¸‡jv Abycw¯’Z †m¸‡jvi eY©bv `vI| 3 M. DÏxc‡Ki NUbvi Rb¨ `vqx wRbwUi ˆewkó¨ wjL| 3
N. DÏxc‡K cÖvYxwUi †`‡n we`¨gvb `ywU †Kvl¯Í‡ii cv_©K¨ N. DÏxc‡Ki NUbvwUi †PKvi‡evW©mn RxbZvwË¡K we‡kølY
wjL| 4 Ki| 4
3  gyLwQ`ª  E  Abœbvwj  cvK¯’jx  F  G 7  Avwgl Lv`¨  cUvwmqvg BD‡iU  BDwiK GwmW|
K. ¯’‚jZv Kx? 1 K. †iPb Kx? 1
L. AvB‡jUm Ae j¨v½vin¨vÝ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 L. wm‡jvg I wn‡gvwm‡ji cv_©K¨ wjL| 2
M. gvbe‡`‡n DÏxc‡K G Gi f‚wgKv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 M. DÏxcK mswkøó cÖwµqvwU Nvmdwos †h A‡½i gva¨‡g
N. DÏxc‡K F A‡½ †cÖvwUb RvZxq Lv‡`¨i P‚ovšÍ cwicvK m¤úbœ K‡i, Zvi eY©bv `vI| 3
cÖwµqv we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. DÏxcK mswkøó cÖwµqvwU Nvmdwos-G Kxfv‡e m¤úbœ nq?
4  gvbe‡`‡ni ey‡Ki euvw`‡K w·KvYvKvi GKwU A½ i‡q‡Q| we‡kølY Ki| 4
evB‡ii †Kv‡bv DÏxcbv QvovB A½wU GKwU Q›`gq MwZ‡Z 8  gvbe‡`‡ni i³i‡m wbDwK¬qvmwenxb, wn‡gv‡Møvweb bvgK
¯úw›`Z nq| k¦vmiÄKhy³ GK ai‡bi i³KwYKv we`¨gvb| GB k¦vmiÄK
gvby‡li k¦m‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv iv‡L|
K. mvi‡dK‡U›U Kx? 1
K. jwmKv Kx? 1
L. mvBbymvBwUm ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
L. dzmdz‡mi KvR wjL| 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi j¤^‡”Q‡`i wPwýZ wPÎ AuvK? 3
M. DÏxcK mswkøó i³KwYKvi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡li Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
 15

ˆmU : 01 PÆMÖvg †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq1 NÈv 40 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb30
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges
mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h‡Kv‡bv wZbwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki : 5  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki :

A
wPÎ-A

wPÎ-B K. GbRvBbv Kx? 1

K. g¨v›Uj Kx? 1 L. †k¦Z i³KwYKvi KvR¸‡jv †jL| 2
L. DfPi cÖvYx‡`i‡K G‡±v_vwg©K cÖvYx ejv nq †Kb? 2 M. nvU©weU/n„`¯ú›`b wbqš¿‡Y DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi 'A' wPwýZ
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 'A' wPwýZ cÖvYx †h c‡e©i Aaxb Zvi As‡ki f‚wgKv eY©bv Ki| 3
kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨vewj †jL| 3 N. gvby‡li n„rwc‡Ði DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 'A' wPwýZ Ask hw`
N. †cvlK †`‡n emev‡mi Rb¨ DÏxc‡K ewY©Z 'B' wPwýZ `ye©j ev AKvh©Ki nq Zvn‡j †Kvb †Kvb ai‡bi e¨e¯’v
cÖvYxi g‡a¨ cwieZ©b jÿ Kiv hvq Dw³wUi g~j¨vqb cÖ‡qvRb? e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
Ki| 4 6  mv`v †jMnb© †gviM-gyiwM‡Z iwOb cvj‡Ki Rb¨ `vqx Rxb
2  cvV¨eB‡qi AšÍM©Z wدÍix wbWvwiqvb cÖvYxi †`‡n wewfbœ Dcw¯’Z _vKv m‡Ë¡I Zviv mv`v e‡Y©i nq| mv`v †jMnb© I
ai‡bi †Kvl we`¨gvb| Z‡e †Kvl¸‡jv †Kv‡bv wUmy¨, A½ ev mv`v IqvBbWU&&m †gvi‡Mi g‡a¨ µm NUv‡j F1 Rby‡Z mKj
Zš¿ MVb K‡i bv| cÖ‡Z¨K †KvlB Avjv`v Avjv`v Kv‡R †gvi‡Mi ev”Pv mv`v e‡Y©i nq| wKš‘ F2 Rby‡Z mv`v I iwOb
wb‡qvwRZ| Gme cÖvYxi GwcWvwg©m I M¨v‡÷ªvWvwg©‡m GK cvj‡Ki wd‡bvUvBwcK AbycvZwU 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 Gi cwie‡Z©
we‡kl ai‡bi †Kvl we`¨gvb hv Zv‡`i cÖRbb I 13 : 3 G cwiYZ nq|
K. IwUwUm wgwWqv Kx? 1
cybiærcwˇZ mvnvh¨ K‡i| RyI‡K¬v‡ijv bvgK GK ai‡bi
L. k¦vmiÄK ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
meyR ˆkevj Zv‡`i M¨v‡÷ªvWvwg©‡m evm K‡i| G ai‡bi
M. DÏxc‡K iwOb cvj‡Ki Rxb Dcw¯’Z _vKv m‡Ë¡I F1
mnve¯’vb ciRxweZv bq, wg‡_vRxweZv wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ|
Rby‡Z iwOb cvj‡Ki †gviM-gyiwM bv cvIqvi KviY
K. wbç Kx? 1 e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. Nvmdwos-G WvqvcR N‡U †Kb? 2 N. DÏxc‡Ki †gvi‡M F2 Rby‡Z †h e¨wZµg cwijwÿZ nq
M. cybiærcwË I cÖRb‡b DÏxc‡Ki we‡kl †Kvl Kxfv‡e Zv GKwU †PKvi †ev‡W©i mvnv‡h¨ we‡kølY Ki| 4
mvnvh¨ K‡i Zv eY©bv Ki| 3 7  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki :
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ jvBbwUi e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 A
3  Av‡_©ªv‡cvWv c‡e©i GKwU cZ½ hv †Zvgvi cvV¨eB‡qi B
AšÍM©Z; wKQz miæ iƒcvi g‡Zv PKP‡K m~² k¦vmbvwj I Gi
kvLv-cÖkvLv wb‡q Zvi k¦mb Kvh© m¤úv`b K‡i| K. wjMv‡g›U Kx? 1
K. gvjwcwRqvb bvwjKv Kx? 1 L. Aw¯’mwÜ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
L. iæB gv‡Qi n„rwcЇK †fbvm nvU© ejv nq †Kb? 2 M. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' wPwýZ †h †cwk Zvi kbv³Kvix
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxi k¦mb A‡½i MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 ˆewk󨸇jv †jL| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cZ½wUi k¦mb c×wZ iæBgv‡Qi k¦mb N. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' I 'B' wPwýZ As‡ki mgwš^Z cÖqvm
c×wZ n‡Z wfbœZi e¨vL¨v K‡i| 4 gvby‡li †`n mÂvj‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i|
4  gvby‡li cvK¯’wji wb‡P Ges wWI‡Wbv‡gi Aa©e„ËvKvi KzÐjxi e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
g‡a¨ cvZv AvK…wZi †Mvjvcx e‡Y©i wgkÖMÖwš’wU wewfbœ Lv`¨ 8  cwieZ©bkxj c„w_ex‡Z Rx‡eiv cwi‡e‡ki mv‡_ Lvc
Dcv`vb cwicv‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i| ÒZvQvov cvK¯’jx I LvIqv‡bvi Rb¨ µgvMZ I AZ¨šÍ axi MwZm¤úbœ ˆ`wnK
e„n`‡š¿i ga¨eZ©x Lv`¨bvwji cieZ©x AskwU cwicv‡Ki cwieZ©b Avbq‡bi gva¨‡g bZzb Rx‡ei m„wó K‡i‡Q| Gi
me‡P‡q ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Kvh© m¤úv`b K‡i| mc‡ÿ weÁvbxiv A‡bK cÖgvY Dc¯’vcb K‡i‡Qb|
K. ¯’‚jZv Kx? 1 WviDB‡bi g‡Z Òcwie„wËB bZzb cÖRvwZ m„wói cÖ‡qvRbxq
L. AšÍt‡Kvlxq cwicvK ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 KuvPvgvjÓ|
M. Lv`¨ cwicv‡K DÏxc‡Ki †Mvjvcx e‡Y©i cvZv AvK…wZi K. wj_vj Rxb Kx? 1
MÖwš’wUi f‚wgKv eY©bv Ki| 3 L. cwj‡RwbK Bb‡nwi‡UÝ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cwieZ©‡bi mc‡ÿ ÔåƒYZvwË¡K cÖgvYÕ
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl jvBbwU m¤ú‡K© †Zvgvi gZvgZ e¨vL¨v
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl jvBbwUi we‡kølY Ki| 4
 16

ˆmU : 01 wm‡jU †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq1 NÈv 40 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb30
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges
mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h‡Kv‡bv wZbwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1  wkÿK K¬v‡m Ggb wKQz cÖvYxi bvg ej‡jb, hv‡`i wkLv‡Kvl, 5  Avgv‡`i eÿ MnŸ‡ii Dfq cv‡k O2 I CO2 M¨vm
†bwd«wWqv I gvjwcwRqvb bvwjKv Av‡Q| wewbgqKvix `ywU we‡kl A½ Av‡Q|
K. cÖRvwZ Kx? 1 K. mvBbymvBwUm Kx? 1
L. Aixq cÖwZmg cÖvYx ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
L. cvj‡gvbvwi msenb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖ_g A½wU †h c‡e©i Zvi kbv³Kvix
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ A½wUi ÿz`Z ª g GK‡Ki MVb eY©bv
ˆewkó¨ I D`vniY `vI| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †k‡lv³ A½ `ywU †h c‡e©i Zv‡`i Ki| 3
g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ A‡½i gva¨‡g wØZxq M¨vmwUi cwienb
2  D”P gva¨wgK †kÖwYi cwVZ RxeweÁvb eB‡q Ggb GKwU we‡kølY Ki| 4
cÖvYx i‡q‡Q hvi †`‡n `skK †Kvl we`¨gvb| Avevi G 6  cvV¨eB‡Z cÖvYxRM‡Zi me‡P‡q eo c‡e©i GKwU cÖvYx wb‡q
cÖvYxwU c`Zj‡K gy³ K‡i `ªæZ MwZ‡Z Ges gy³ bv K‡i j¤^v we¯ÍvwiZ Av‡jvPbv Kiv n‡q‡Q| Gi i‡q‡Q we‡kl ai‡bi
`~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i|
k¦mbZš¿|
K. wn‡gvwjç Kx? 1
K. †¯‹¬ivBU Kx? 1
L. †g‡mvwMøqv ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K cÖ_‡gv³ ev‡K¨i we‡kl †KvlwUi m~ÎK L. Am¤ú~Y© iƒcvšÍi ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
wb‡ÿ‡ci †KŠkj e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ we‡kl ai‡bi k¦mbZš¿wU e¨vL¨v Ki|3
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ evK¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwU Av‡jvi ZviZ‡g¨i wfwˇZ wfbœ
3  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| ai‡bi cÖwZwe¤^ MVb K‡i we‡kølY Ki| 4
7  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki :
A ♀ Kv‡jv e‡Y©i †gviM  mv`v e‡Y©i gyiwM ♂

B
F1 meKwU Kv‡jvi g‡a¨ mv`v †Qvchy³ †gviM gyiwM
K. A¨vwjj Kx? 1
K. KvBg Kx? 1 L. cÖKiY ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
L. wgkÖMÖwš’ ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxi †ÿ‡Î F2 Rby‡Z †h djvdj
M. DÏxc‡Ki 'B' AskwU‡Z Lv`¨ cwicvK c×wZ eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 'A' AskwUi mÂqx f‚wgKvi cvkvcvwk cvIqv hv‡e Zv †PKvi †ev‡W©i mvnv‡h¨ †`LvI| 3
wecvKxq f‚wgKvI Ab¯^xKvh© we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ NUbvwU †g‡Û‡ji cÖ_g m~‡Îi e¨wZµg
4  wkÿK †kÖwYK‡ÿ cvV `vbKv‡j GKwU cÖvYxi i³ msen‡bi  we‡kølY Ki| 4
`ywU aviv D‡jøL Ki‡jb| 8  gvbe‡`‡ni Zš¿mg~‡ni g‡a¨ Ab¨Zg K¼vjZš¿ hv Aw¯’ I
1g aviv : K  CO2 hy³ i³  dzjKv ZiæYvw¯’i mgš^‡q MwVZ| GB Zš¿wU ˆ`wnK KvVv‡gv MVb,
2q aviv : dzjKv  O2 hy³ i³  †`n  K Pjbmn bvbvwea KvR m¤úbœ K‡i|
K. wg‡_vRxweZv Kx? 1 K. †UbWb Kx? 1
L. dzjKv †iKvi ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2
L. Aw¯’f½ ej‡Z Kx †evSvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ msen‡bi 1g avivwUi mwPÎ e¨vL¨v
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Z‡š¿i cÖ_g Dcv`vbwUi MvVwbK
Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwUi msen‡bi aviv wØPµxq GK‡Ki mwPÎ MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
cÖK…wZi bq we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl wee„wZi Zvrch© we‡kølY Ki| 4
 17

ˆmU : 03 ewikvj †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq1 NÈv 40 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb30
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges
mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h‡Kv‡bv wZbwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1 †Pvqv‡ji Dcw¯’wZ I Abycw¯’wZi Dci wfwË K‡i fvwU©eªvUv 5  gvby‡li gv_vi Lywj‡Z gyLgÐjxq As‡k bvmvMnŸ‡ii `yÕcv‡k
Dcce©‡K Agnatha I Cnathostomata Awa‡kÖwY‡Z fvM Kiv Pvi †Rvov we‡kl MnŸi _v‡K hv evZv‡mi cwie‡Z© Zi‡j c~Y©
n‡q‡Q| n‡j RxevYy Øviv msµwgZ n‡q cÖ`v‡ni m„wó K‡i|
K. wm‡jvg Kx? 1 K. Wvqvd«vg Kx? 1
L. cÖwZmvg¨Zv ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 L. IwUwUm wgwWqv ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖ_g Awa‡kÖwYfz³ cÖvYxiv `ywU wfbœ M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Pvi †Rvov MnŸ‡ii bvg, Ae¯’vb I
MÖæ‡c wef³ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 cÖ`vn m¤ú‡K© †jL| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wØZxq Awa‡kÖwYfz³ cÖvYx‡`i g‡a¨ N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖ`vn †_‡K Kxfv‡e gy³ _vKv hvq
n„rwc‡Ði MVb msµvšÍ wfbœZv †`Lv hvq we‡kølY Ki| 4 e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
2 k¦mb A‡½i wfbœZvi cvkvcvwk Nvmdwos I iæB gv‡Qi i³ 6  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖ k œ ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
msen‡bI wfbœZv jÿ¨Yxq|
K. †g‡mvwMøqv Kx? 1 fi
L. wg‡_vRxexZv ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖ_g cÖvYxwUi k¦mb A½wUi ˆewkó¨
eY©bv Ki| 3 dvjµvg cÖhy³ ej
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYx `yBwUi i³ msen‡bI wfbœZv K. gPKv‡bv Kx? 1
jÿ¨Yxq we‡kølY Ki| 4 L. RwUj Aw¯’f½ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
3 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : M. wP‡Î cÖ`wk©Z wjfviwU †Kvb †kÖwYi? Gi Kvh©c×wZ
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
A N. Avgv‡`i nv‡Zi mÂvj‡b wP‡Î cÖ`wk©Z wjfv‡ii f‚wgKv
B we‡kølY Ki| 4
7  wgZz Ges Zvi ¯^vgx kwdK Df‡qB ¯^vfvweK evK-kÖeYÿg,
wKš‘ Zv‡`i Df‡qiB gvZv-wcZv wQ‡jb g~K-ewai|
K. †ewiqvwUªKm Kx? 1 K. Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv Kx? 1
L. wgkÖ MÖwš’ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 L. †m·-wjsKW wWmAW©vi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. cwicv‡K DÏxc‡Ki 'A' As‡ki f‚wgKv D‡jøL Ki| 3 M. wgZz I kwd‡Ki ¯^vfvweK evK-kÖeYÿg nevi eskMwZq
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 'B' AskwU‡Z Avwgl I wjwcW RvZxq KviY e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
Lv‡`¨i cwicvK n‡jI kK©iv cwicvK cwijwÿZ nq bv N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ `¤úwZi mšÍvb-mšÍwZ Kxiƒc n‡e,
we‡kølY Ki| 4 RxbZvwË¡Kfv‡e we‡kølY K‡i eywS‡q `vI| 4
4 DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : 8  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
ˆk¼Z iÚKwYKv

wPÎ-A wPÎ-B
A B K. weeZ©b Kx? 1
K. Gwi‡_ªveøv‡÷vwmm wdUvwjm Kx? 1 L. be¨-WviDBbev` ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
L. gv‡qv‡RwbK wbqš¿Y ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 'B' wP‡Îi cÖvYxwU‡K ÔRxešÍ Rxevk¥Õ
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 'A' ai‡bi KwYKvi MVbMZ I Kvh©MZ
ejv nq e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
wfbœZv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 'A' wP‡Îi cÖvYxwU‡K KvQvKvwQ `ywU
N. †`‡ni cÖwZiÿvq 'B' ai‡bi KwYKvi f‚wgKv we‡kølY
Ki| 4 †kÖwYi Ôms‡hvMKvix †hvMm~ÎÕ ejv nq we‡kølY Ki| 4
 18

ˆmU : 03 w`bvRcyi †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq1 NÈv 40 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb30
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges
mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h‡Kv‡bv wZbwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1  MÖv‡gi cyKz‡i †Mvmj Ki‡Z wM‡q Zv‡iK GKwU cÖvYx 5  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki :
†`‡LwQj| cÖvYxwUi AuvBk Ges cvLbvhy³, Kvb‡Kv Dcw¯’Z| A
weÁv‡bi QvÎ nIqvq G cÖvYxi cvkvcvwk †m AuuvBkwenxb wWI‡Wbvg
Ges wcw”Qj MÖwš’gq Z¡Kwewkó, cvjKhy³, †jvghy³ cÖvYx‡`i
K. cwicvK Kx? 1
K_vI fvewQj|
L. `šÍ ms‡KZ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
K. †kÖwYweb¨vm Kx? 1
M. A-GKwU wgkÖ MÖwš’ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. ÔwmD‡Wvwm‡jvgÕ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 N. 'A' wbtm„Z GbRvBg me ai‡bi Lvevi cwicv‡K
M. Zv‡i‡Ki †`Lv cÖvYxwU‡K ZiæYvw¯’gq gv‡Qi mv‡_ Zzjbv mnvqK we‡kølY Ki| 4
Ki| 3 6  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki :
N. Zv‡i‡Ki fvebvi Ab¨ cÖvYx¸‡jv wfbœ †kÖwYfz³ h_v_©Zv cvj‡gvbvwi agwb

we‡kølY Ki| 4
O2
2  wkÿK K¬v‡m wØåƒY¯Íix GKwU cÖvYx m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡Z CO2
A

wM‡q ej‡jb, ÒcÖvYxwUi Pj‡b wfbœ cÖK…wZ i‡q‡Q| Gi g‡a¨

GKwU jyc Ges `ywU jyc MV‡bi gva¨‡g Pjb D‡jøL‡hvM¨|Ó
B
wZwb AviI ej‡jb, ÒPj‡b cÖvYxwUi †Kvl ev †Kvlxq K. dzjKv Kx? 1
A½vYy¸‡jv we‡kl f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i|Ó L. AšÍtk¦mb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
K. †g‡mvwMøqv Kx? 1 M. B GKwU e¨wZµgag©x i³evwnKv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. wg‡_vRxexZv ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 N. A-†Z M¨v‡mi wewbgq GKwU mywbw`©ó c×wZ‡Z nq
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Pj‡bi `ywU cÖKv‡ii g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki| 3 we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. wkÿ‡Ki †kl Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv g~j¨vqb Ki| 4 7  dzUej †Lj‡Z wM‡q mvwgi Wvb cv nuvUzi wb‡P †f‡½ hvq|
3  iwb Zuvi mncvVx‡`i mv‡_ wkÿvmd‡i wM‡q GKwU cÖvYx Zuvi eo fvB weÁv‡bi QvÎ| †m Zv‡K mvšÍ¡bv w`‡q ejj,
ch©‡eÿY KiwQj| iwb ejj, ÒGi i³-msenbZš¿ gy³ ÒwPšÍvi KviY †bB| ˆah©¨ ai| Avkv Kwi `ªæZ my¯’ n‡q
cÖK…wZi| we‡kl ˆewk‡ó¨i Kvi‡Y Gi k¦mbZš¿ Avgv‡`i DV‡e| †Zvgvi Ae¯’v †`‡L g‡b n‡”Q GwU mvaviY ev e×
Aw¯’f½| Aw¯’ n‡”Q Avgv‡`i kix‡ii me‡P‡q my`„p wUmy¨|Ó
†_‡K wfbœ|Ó
K. K‡kiæKv Kx? 1
K. k¦mb Kx? 1
L. †UbWb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
L. g¨vjwcwRqvb bvwjKv ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ my`„p wUmy¨i mv‡_ ZiæYvw¯’i Zzjbv
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwUi i³ msenbZ‡š¿i mv‡_ e× Ki| 3
i³ msenbZ‡š¿i Zzjbv Ki| 3 N. mvwgi fvB‡qi mv‡_ Zzwg mngZ †cvlY Ki‡j, cÖv_wgK
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl evK¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 wPwKrmv D‡jøLc~e©K gšÍe¨ Ki| 4
4  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki : 8  †MÖMi †Rvnvb †g‡Ûj‡K eskMwZwe`¨vi RbK ejv nq| wZwb
iÚ gUiïwU MvQ wb‡q M‡elYvi mgq F2 Rby‡Z j¤^v I Lv‡Uv
Mv‡Qi AbycvZ 3 t 1 cvb| wKš‘ cieZ©x‡Z Gi A‡bK
A iÚKwYKv e¨wZµg †ei nq| Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv Ges mgcÖKUZv Giƒc
`ywU e¨wZµg, †hLv‡b AvbycvwZK nvi mgvb|
ˆjvwnZ iÚKwYKv B AYyPwKÌKv
K. A¨vwjj Kx? 1
K. i³ Kx? 1
L. nvB‡cv÷¨vwUK wRb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
L. †cm‡gKvi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ AbycvZwU †g‡Û‡ji †Kvb m~·K
M. 'A'-Gi Kv‡Ri e¨vL¨v `vI| 3 mg_©b K‡i? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. B-Gi ¯^vfvweK Kvh©µ‡gi Dci Avgv‡`i my¯’Zv N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ e¨wZµg `ywU‡Z cÖKU wR‡bi cÖKv‡k
wbf©ikxj we‡kølY Ki| 4 wfbœZv i‡q‡Q h_v_©Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4
 19

ˆmU : 03 gqgbwmsn †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq1 NÈv 40 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb30
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| wb‡Pi DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM w`‡q co Ges
mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h‡Kv‡bv wZbwU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI|]
1  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI 5  iæB gv‡Q
Chordata A A½ : cv¤ú hš¿|
B A½ : evqy a‡i iv‡L|
A B C (Vertebrata)
K. Kvc© gvQ Kv‡K e‡j? 1
K. wm‡jvg Kx? 1
L. †fbvm nvU© ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
L. wØ-c` bvgKiY ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki B A‡½i MVb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ÔAÕ -Gi ˆewkó¨ D‡jøL Ki| 3
N. gvQ Ges gvby‡li †ÿ‡Î DÏxc‡Ki A A‡½i wfbœZv
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ C, A Ges B †_‡K wfbœ we‡kølY
we‡kølY Ki| 4
Ki| 4
6  wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI
2  nvBWªvi ewntZ¡‡K Aew¯’Z GK ai‡bi †Kvl wkKvi aiv Ges
†hvRK wUmy¨
Pj‡b mnvqZv K‡i| ZvQvov Gi M¨v‡÷ªvWvwg©‡m GK ai‡bi
A : †cwiAw÷qvg B : †cwiKwÛªqvg
Dw™¢` evm K‡i| GB mnve¯’v‡b Df‡q DcK…Z nq| Øviv Ave„Z Øviv Ave„Z

K. †g‡mvwMøqv Kx? 1 K. mvi‡KvcøvRg Kx? 1

L. wØ-¯Íix cÖvYx ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 L. Aw¯’ ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †Kv‡li MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡Ki A Ges B wUmy¨i gv‡S cv_©K¨ wjL| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡li Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. MVb cÖK…wZ Abymv‡i DÏxc‡Ki B wUmy¨i cÖKvi‡f`
3  Nvmdwos Gi g¯Í‡Ki `ycv‡k¦© `ywU e„°vKvi we‡kl A½ _v‡K we‡kølY Ki| 4
hv AmsL¨ lofzRvKvi GKK wb‡h MwVZ| GB A½wU `yB 7  †g‡Û‡ji cÖ_g m~‡Îi cwie‡Z© wKQz †ÿ‡Î 1 : 2 : 1 AbycvZ
cÖKvi cÖwZwe¤^ ˆZwi Ki‡Z mÿg| cvIqv hvq, †Zgwb 2 : 1 AbycvZI n‡Z cv‡i|
K. UªvwKqv Kx? 1 K. wRb Kx? 1
L. g¨vjwcwRqvb bvwjKv ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 L. msKi Rxe ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ lofzRvKvi GK‡Ki wPwýZ wPÎ AuvK| 3 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖ_g AbycvZwUi wRbZvwË¡K e¨vL¨v
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 Ki| 3
4  gvby‡li eÿ MnŸ‡i nvjKv †Mvjvwc e‡Y©i K‡qKwU †jv‡e N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ AbycvZwUi KviY we‡kølY Ki| 4
wef³ ¯ú‡Äi g‡Zv big A½ _v‡K| GQvovI AmsL¨ we‡kl 8  weeZ©wbK MwZc_ mixm„c  [A] cvwL
Kvh©Kwi GKK wb‡q GB A½wU MwVZ| K. weeZ©b Kx? 1
K. Wvqvd«vg Kx? 1 L. wbw®µq A½ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
L. mvBbymvBwUm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔAÕ cÖvYxwU‡K ms‡hvMKvix †hvMm~Î ejv nq
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ A½wUi MVb ms‡ÿ‡c eY©bv Ki| 3 e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. DÏxcKwU MwZc‡_i mc‡ÿ `ywU cÖgvY we‡kølY Ki| 4
 20

XvKv †evW© 2021 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  wb‡Pi wPθ‡jv jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : 5  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
A

K. cÖwZmvg¨Zv Kx? 1
B
L. wÎc` bvgKiY ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 K. ¯’~jZv Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' wP‡Î DwjøwLZ cÖvYxi `k©b GK‡Ki mwPÎ L. AMœ¨vkq‡K wgkÖMÖwš’ ejv nq †Kb? 2
MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 'B' wPwýZ As‡k AvwglRvZxq Lv`¨
N. DÏxc‡Ki B I C wP‡Î cÖvYx `ywU GKB Dcce©f³
z n‡jI cwicvK eY©bv Ki| 3
GKB †kÖwYfz³ bq we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡K 'A' wPwýZ A½wU wecvKxq Kv‡Ri cvkvcvwk
mÂqx Kv‡RI f‚wgKv iv‡L we‡kølY Ki| 4
2  nvwbd m¨vi RxeweÁvb M‡elYvMv‡i msiwÿZ KZ¸wj cÖvYx
6  iwng ¯^vfvweK evK&-kÖeYÿg n‡jI Zvi evev-gv DfqB g~K-
h_v wdZvK…wg, †MvjK…wg, wPswo I Bwjk gvQ Qv·`i †`wL‡q ewai| wRbZvwË¡K we‡køl‡Y †`Lv †M‡Q Zvi evev-gv‡qi
G¸wji †kÖwYweb¨vm e¨vL¨v Ki‡jb| wR‡bvUvBc h_vµ‡g AAbb I aaBB.
K. †kÖwYweb¨vm Kx? 1 K. wR‡bvUvBc Kx? 1
L. cÖRvwZ ˆewPΨ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 L. †U÷-µm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Z…Zxq cÖvYxwUi c‡e©i kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨ M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ NUbvwUi wRbZvwË¡K e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ iwn‡gi mv‡_ Abyiƒc wR‡bvUvBcavix
wjL| 3
Kb¨vi weevn cieZ©x eska‡ii g‡a¨ ˆewkó¨¸wj Kx nv‡i
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ cÖvYxwU Ab¨vb¨ cÖvYx A‡cÿv DbœZ cÖKvk cv‡e? †PKvi †ev‡W©i gva¨‡g †`LvI| 4
e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 7  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
3  wkÿK iæB gvQ m¤ú‡K© cvV`vbKv‡j ej‡jb, G‡`i †`‡ni wcZvgvZv : ♀ wb‡MÖv  ♂ †k¦Zv½
Af¨šÍ‡i evqyc~Y© Ggb GKwU we‡kl A½ Av‡Q hv cvwb‡Z
cÖvYxwUi fvimvg¨ iÿv I k¦m‡b f‚wgKv iv‡L| GQvovI
cÖvYxwUi i³msenb c×wZ †Zvgv‡`i i³msenb c×wZ F1 Rby : ?
A‡cÿv wfbœZi| F2 Rby : 1 : 4 : 6 : 4 : 1
K. dzjKv †iKvi Kx? 1 K. K¬vwmK wn‡gvwdwjqv Kx? 1
L. gwnjv‡`i Zzjbvq cyiæliv eY©vÜ †ewk nq †Kb? 2
L. †fbvm nvU© ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki NUbvewj †PKvi †ev‡W©i gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcb Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ we‡kl A½wUi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki NUbvwU †g‡Û‡ji wØZxq m~‡Îi e¨wZµg
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 we‡kølY Ki| 4
4  wkÿK gvby‡li i³msenbZš¿ m¤ú‡K© cvV`vbKv‡j ej‡jb, 8  wjgv wPwoqvLvbvi g~j dU‡K wRivd I WvB‡bvmi-Gi Qwe
wZb ai‡bi †Kvlxq Dcv`vb c„_K c„_K KvR m¤úv`b K‡i †`‡L wfZ‡i cÖ‡ek Kij| †m wPwoqvLvbvq j¤^v Mjvwewkó
_v‡K| cÖ_gwU k¦mb M¨vm wewbgq, wØZxqwU cÖwZiÿv I RxešÍ wRivd †`L‡jI WvB‡bvmi †`L‡Z †cj bv|
Z…ZxqwU i³ Z‡b mnvqZv K‡i| K. AvwK©Ic‡Uwi· Kx? 1
L. gvby‡li Dccjøe‡K wbw®µq A½ ejv nq †Kb? 2
K. A¨vbRvBbv Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡K wjgvi †`Lv RxešÍ cÖvYxwUi we‡kl ˆ`wnK MVb
L. †cwi÷vjwmm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
weeZ©wbK Av‡jv‡K e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wØZxq †Kvlxq Dcv`vbwUi f‚wgKv wjL| 3 N. DÏxc‡K wjgvi †`Lv bv cÖvYxwUi Aw¯ÍZ¡ cÖgv‡Y ˆRe
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g I Z…Zxq †Kvlxq Dcv`v‡bi Zzjbv Ki| 4 Awfe¨w³i †Kvb cÖgvYwU hyw³hy³? we‡kølY Ki| 4
 21

ivRkvnx †evW© 2021 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : 5  kvšÍby mxwgZ cwigv‡Y fvZ, gvQ I gvsm †L‡q _v‡K, ZeyI
KW©vUv Zvi BMI-Gi gvb 32 wK.MÖv./wg.2|
K. wmKvg Kx? 1
P Q R L. hK…‡Z Kxfv‡e R. B. C aŸsm nq? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki ¯^v¯’¨ RwUjZvi KviY I cÖwZKvi D‡jøL Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki Lv`¨¸wj cwicv‡K cÖavb †kvlYKvix A½ Kx
R (i) R (ii)
f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i? we‡kølY Ki| 4
K. wn‡gvwmj Kx? 1
6  gvbe‡`‡ni O2 mg„× i³ A¨vIU©v w`‡q mgMÖ‡`‡n Ges CO2
L. gvby‡li g‡a¨ AšÍtcÖRvwZK ˆewPΨ †Kb †`Lv hvq? 2
mg„× i³ cvj‡gvbvix agwb w`‡q dzmdz‡m †cuŠQvq| G‡ÿ‡Î
M. 'P' Gi AšÍfz©³ †kÖwY¸wji cv_©K¨ Ki| 3
ga¨gwb wn‡m‡e GKwU A½ f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i|
N. DÏxcK 'R' Gi cÖvYx¸‡jvi gv‡S †kÖwYMZ cv_©K¨ _vK‡jI
K. e¨v‡ivwi‡mÞi Kv‡K e‡j? 1
†ekwKQy †ÿ‡Î mv`„k¨ cÖ`k©b K‡i we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. i³ KwYKv¸‡jvi g‡a¨ e‡Y©i wfbœZv †`Lv hvq †Kb? 2
2  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
M. DwjøwLZ A‡½i j¤^‡”Q` Gu‡K Af¨šÍixY cÖevn wPÎ ()
wWg wWg ? †`LvI| 3
c~Y©v½ ? c~Y©v½ ? N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi msenb c×wZi mv‡_ Actinopterygii
wPÎ-1 wPÎ-2 †kÖwYfz³ †Kv‡bv cÖvYxi msenb c×wZi Zzjbv Ki| 4
K. IgvwUwWqvg Kx? 1 7  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
L. cZ½ Av‡_ª©v‡cvWv c‡e©i AšÍfz©³ †Kb? 2 1
M. wPÎ-1 Gi cÖvYxiv Kxfv‡e eR©¨ c`v_© wb®‹vkb K‡i? e¨vL¨v
Ki| 3 n„`‡ivM i³ 2
N. DÏxc‡Ki cwieZ©b¸wj (wPÎ-1, 2)-i gva¨‡g wewfbœZv
cwijwÿZ nq Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4 3
3  ¯^v`y cvwbi GKwU cÖvYx, hvi †`n mvBK¬‡qW AuvBk Øviv Ave„Z P

Ges GKwU _wj cÖvYxwU‡K cvwb‡Z †f‡m _vK‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i| K. jwmKv Kx? 1
K. RvB‡MvU Kx? 1 L. cÖvK…wZK †cm‡gKvi Kxfv‡e KvR K‡i? 2
L. mvBK¬‡qW AuvBk Øviv Kxfv‡e eqm wbY©q Kiv nq? 2 M. DÏxc‡Ki 'P' Dcv`vb Kxfv‡e dvBweªb Zš‘ ˆZwi nq?
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡Ki _wjwUi wPÎmn MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DwjøwLZ wPÎ (1, 2 I 3)-Gi mvwe©K Ae¯’v I cÖwZ‡iva
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi h_vh_ msiÿ‡Yi gva¨‡g RvZxq
c×wZ eY©bv Ki| 4
A_©bxwZ‡Z Ae`vb ivLv hvq we‡kølY Ki| 4
8  Kwig mv‡n‡ei evev-gv `yR‡bB g~K I ewai wQ‡jb, wKš‘
4  D”P gva¨wgK †kÖwYi QvÎ iwb gvbe‡`‡ni cwicvKZš¿ m¤ú‡K©
Kwig mv‡ne I Dbvi †evb wiwg ¯^vfvweK evK-kÖeYÿg|
c‡o Rvb‡Z cvij †h, Wvqvd«v‡gi wb‡P GKwU euvKv‡bv _‡j
`yf©vM¨ekZ Dbvi †Q‡j Awf UªvwdK wmMb¨vj evwZi is kbv³
Av‡Q| _wjwUi Wvb cv‡k i‡q‡Q GKwU eo MÖwš’ hv cwicv‡K Ki‡Z cv‡i bv|
¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb Ki| K. Rxevk¥ Kx? 1
K. GwcMøwUm Kx? 1 L. †giæ`Ðx cÖvYx‡`i n„rwcÐ Kxfv‡e weeZ©‡bi mc‡ÿ cÖgvY
L. KvB‡jvgvBµb Kxfv‡e †kvwlZ nq? 2 †`q? 2
M. †`n‡K m‡ZR ivL‡Z _wjwUi Kvh©µg e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 M. Awfi mgm¨vwU Kx Kvi‡Y n‡”Q? wRbZvwË¡K e¨vL¨v `vI| 3
N. Af¨šÍixY w¯’wZ iÿvq D³ MÖwš’wUi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv Av‡jvPbv N. DÏxc‡Ki wiwgi mv‡_ mgwR‡bvUvBcavix †jv‡Ki we‡q
Ki| 4 nIqvq cieZ©x cÖR‡š§i wR‡bvUvBc F2 we‡kølY Ki| 4
 22

h‡kvi †evW© 2021 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  wPθ‡jv jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : 5  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
gvbe i³KwYKv

wbDwK¬qvmwenxb wbDwK¬qvmhy³
wPò -A wPò -A KwYKv KwYKv
wPò -A
K. wQ`ªvjy cÖvYx Kx? 1 A
B C
L. cÖRvwZMZ ˆewPΨ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
K. jwmKv Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki 'B' wPwýZ cÖvYxwUi Dc-c‡e©i ˆewkó¨ wjL| 3 L. evÛj Ae wnR ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
N. DÏxc‡K A I C wPwýZ cÖvYx `ywU ÒGKB ce© n‡jI Dc- M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 'A' wPwýZ As‡ki cÖKvi‡f` wjL| 3
ce© wfbœÓ we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. DÏxcK mswkøó 'B' I 'C' Gi Zzjbv Ki| 4
6  Kwi‡gi lv‡Uva© eqmx evevi cÖvqB ey‡K e¨_v, K¬vwšÍfve I
2  mxgv cyKzi cv‡o †SuvcSv‡o we‡kl GKwU cÖvYx jvdvjvwd
nVvr gv_v wSgwSg K‡i| cixÿv-wbixÿvi ci Wv³vi ej‡jb
Ki‡Z †`Lj hv †`L‡Z meyR e‡Y©i, mwÜc`x I Wvbvhy³|
eÿ MnŸ‡ii g‡a¨ Aew¯’Z ms‡KvPb cÖmviYkxj A½wUi †`‡n
Av‡jvi ZviZ‡g¨i Dci wfwË K‡i Gi `k©b †KŠkj wbqwš¿Z i³ mieivnKvix bvjxKvi g‡a¨ cøvK m„wó n‡q‡Q| wZwb AviI
nq| ej‡jb eo AvKv‡ii Acv‡ikb Qvov we‡kl c×wZ‡Z GwU
K. wm‡jvg Kx? 1 wbivgq m¤¢e|
L. gy‡Lvcv½ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 K. `šÍ ms‡KZ Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwUi k¦mbZ‡š¿i eY©bv `vI| 3 L. cvj‡gvbvwi msenb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ A½wUi j¤^‡”Q‡`i wPwýZ wPÎ AsKb
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
Ki| 3
3  wkÿv`vbKv‡j wkÿK wkÿv_©x‡`i ej‡jb Lv`¨ cwicv‡K N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Wv³v‡ii †kl D³wUi Zvrch© we‡kølY
GbRvBg ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i| wZwb AviI ej‡jb, Ki| 4
ÒLv`¨ cwicv‡K ïay GbRvBg bq ni‡gvb Gi f‚wgKv 7  weMj Rvnv‡R ågYKvix GKRb cÖK…wZweÁvbx Awfe¨w³
Acwinvh©|Ó m¤úwK©Z Zvi gZev`wUi gva¨‡g Awfe¨w³i Kjv‡KŠkj e¨vL¨v
K‡ib| hw`I GwU hyMvšÍKvix gZev` Z_vwc GwU me©Rb M„nxZ
K. †cŠwóK MÖwš’ Kx? 1
bq|
L. ¯’j
~ Zv ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
K. mge„Ëxq A½ Kx? 1
M. †cÖvwUb Lv`¨ cwicv‡K DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_‡gv³ ˆRe ivmvqwbK L. RxešÍ Rxevk¥ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
Dcv`v‡bi f‚wgKv wjL| 3 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ gZev`wUi †gŠwjK wm×všÍ¸‡jv ms‡ÿ‡c
N. DÏxc‡K wkÿ‡Ki †k‡lv³ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 wjL| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †kl wee„wZwU we‡kølY Ki| 4
4  Kvwgbx iæBgvQ e¨e‡”Q‡`i mgq KvbKzqv Øviv XvKv wPiæbxi
8  mygb I Zvi †evb mywg ¯^vfvweK eY© `k©‡b mÿg n‡jI Zvi
`uv‡Zi b¨vq we‡kl GK ai‡bi A½ †`L‡Z †cj| †m Zvi GK fvB ¯^vfvweK eY© `k©‡b Aÿg| hw`I Zv‡`i wcZvgvZvi
mncvVx wbwjgv‡K ejj, ÒGB A½wU Øviv cÖvYxwU RjR k¦mb eY© `k©b mÿgZv ¯^vfvweK|
m¤úbœ K‡i _v‡K|Ó K. wR‡bvUvBc Kx? 1
K. cUKv Kx? 1 L. Gwi‡_ªveøv‡÷vwmm wdUvwjm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
L. †fbvm nvU© ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 M. DÏxcK mswkøó mK‡ji wR‡bvUvBc wbY©q Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ mywgi ¯^vfvweK eY© `k©‡b mÿg cyiæ‡li
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ A½wUi mwPÎ MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
mv‡_ we‡q n‡j Zv‡`i cieZ©x cÖR‡š§i mšÍvbvw`i
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 wd‡bvUvBc I wR‡bvUvBc we‡kølY Ki| 4
 23

Kzwgjøv †evW© 2021 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  KW©vUv c‡e©i Z…Zxq Dcce© fvwU©‡eªUv| cwiYZ cÖvYx‡Z Zv‡`i 5  cwicvKZ‡š¿i cÖavb KvR Lv`¨`ªe¨ cwicvK Kiv| cwicvK
b‡UvKW© †giæ`‡Ð cÖwZ¯’vwcZ nq| †giæ`Ðx‡`i g‡a¨ msL¨vi bvjxi wewfbœ As‡k Lv‡`¨i cwicvK Ges †kvlY N‡U| †kvwaZ
w`K w`‡q gv‡Qi ciB cvwLi Ae¯’vb| Lv`¨mvi AwZwi³ n‡j Zv hK…‡Z mwÂZ nq|
K. b‡UvKW© Kv‡K e‡j? 1 K. Bgvjwmwd‡Kkb Kx? 1
L. Latimeria †K Sarcopterygii ejv nq †Kb? 2 L. cwicvKZ‡š¿ e„n`š¿ †Kb ¸iæZ¡c~Y©? 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ mycwiwPZ cÖvYxi †kÖwYMZ ˆewkó¨¸wj M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖavb KvR m¤úv`‡b ni‡gv‡bi f‚wgKv
D‡jøL Ki| 3 e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ msL¨vMwiô cÖvYxi wewfbœ †kÖwYi g‡a¨ N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl jvBbwUi ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
Zzjbvg~jK we‡kølY Ki| 4 6  wPθ‡jv jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
2  cZ‡½i mKj †gŠwjK ˆewkó¨ we`¨gvb _vKvq Ges mnRjf¨
nIqvq c„w_exi wewfbœ †`‡k RxeweÁv‡bi wkÿv_©xiv bgybv
cÖvYx wn‡m‡e Nvmdwos m¤ú‡K© Aa¨qb K‡i _v‡K|
IgvwUwWqvg Zv‡`i GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Áv‡bw›`ªq GKK| G‡`i
k¦mbZš¿ †ek DbœZ nIqvq i‡³i Aw·‡Rb en‡b AÿgZvi P Q R
NvUwZ c~iY n‡q‡Q| K. KvwW©qvK Pµ Kx? 1
K. iƒcvšÍi Kx? 1 L. i³ bvjxi wfZ‡i i³ ZÂb nq bv †Kb? 2
L. †UMwgbv ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 'P' Ges 'Q' Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ D‡jøL
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© GK‡Ki j¤^‡”Q‡`i wPwýZ wPÎ Ki| 3
A¼b Ki| 3 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ 'R' gvbe‡`‡n GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl jvBbwUi h_v_©Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4 kvixie„Ëxq cÖwµqvi m~Pbv K‡i cÖwµqvwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
3  ¯^v`y cvwbi Rjvk‡qi GKwU mvaviY e„n`vK…wZi gvQ n‡jv 7  A¨vbRvBbv, nvU© A¨vUvK, nvU© †dwjIi n‡jv K‡ivbvwi
iæB| GB gv‡Qi †`n iƒcvwj AuvB‡k Ave„Z| wewfbœ Kvi‡Y G n„`‡ivM| Amy¯’ n„rwc‡Ð ¯^vfvweK ¯ú›`b nvi wdwi‡q Avbvi
iƒcvwj m¤ú` AvR ûgwKi m¤§yLxb| G m¤ú` msiÿ‡Y Rb¨ †`‡n Kw¤úDUvivBRW ˆe`y¨wZK hš¿ ¯’vcb Kiv nq|
¸iæZ¡c~Y© c`‡ÿc MÖnY Kiv DwPZ| K. K‡ivbvwi msenb Kv‡K e‡j? 1
K. cvLbv Kx? 1 L. wj½ RwoZ RwUjZv ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
L. cUKv †Kb gv‡Qi Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©? 2 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †ivM¸wji jÿY eY©bv Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ iƒcvwj Dcv`v‡bi mwPÎ MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 N. DwjøwLZ ˆe`y¨wZK hš¿ D³ Amy¯’ A½‡K bRi`vwii g‡a¨
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ c`‡ÿc m¤ú‡K© †Zvgvi gZvgZ `vI|4 iv‡L| we‡kølY Ki| 4
4  Lv`¨ gvbe‡`n‡K my¯’, mej I Kg©ÿg iv‡L| MÖnY‡hvM¨ cywói 8  wb‡P GKwU wRbZvwË¡K cixÿ‡Yi djvdj †`Lv‡bv n‡jv|
Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb mwVK cwicvK cÖwµqv| Lv`¨ cwicv‡Ki cÖv_wgK P  ♂ g~K ewai  ♀ g~K ewai
ivmvqwbK Dcv`vb n‡jv jvjv| AwZwi³ Lv`¨ MÖnY †`‡n F1 Rby = mK‡jB ¯^vfvweK evK kÖeYÿg
¯’j
~ Zvi g‡Zv GKwU ¯^v¯’¨ mgm¨vi m„wó K‡i| F2 Rby = ¯^vfvweK evK kÖeYÿg : g~K ewai = 9 : 7
K. wfjvB Kx? 1 K. eY©vÜZv Kx? 1
L. hK…Z‡K i‡³i fvÐvi ejv nq †Kb? 2 L. cøvwUcvm‡K RxešÍ Rxevk¥ ejv nq †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖv_wgK ivmvqwbK Dcv`v‡bi Drm, MVb I M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ F2 Rbyi djvdj †PKvi‡ev‡W©i mvnv‡h¨
KvR wjL| 3 e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ¯^v¯’¨ mgm¨vi ÿwZKi cÖfve I N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ NUbv eskMwZi †gŠwjK m~·K mg_©b
cÖwZ‡iva m¤ú‡K© †Zvgvi gZvgZ `vI| 4 K‡i wK? hyw³mn Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4
 24
PÆMÖvg †evW© 2021 welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  Chordata c‡e©i Vertebrata Dcc‡e©i Gnathostomata K. Obesity Kx? 1
Awa‡kÖwYi cÖvYx¸‡jvi cÖK…Z †Pvqvj I †Rvo Dcv½wewkó| L. cwicv‡K `uv‡Zi f‚wgKv D‡jøL Ki| 2
K. LÐKvqb Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔAÕ wPwýZ A‡½i hvwš¿K I ivmvqwbK cwicvK
L. cÖvYxi wewfbœZvi KviY Kx? 2
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Awa‡kÖwYfz³ †kÖwY¸‡jvi bvg I
ˆeÁvwbK bv‡gi GKwU K‡i D`vniY `vI| 3 N. DÏxc‡Ki ÔBÕ wPwýZ A‡½i kK©iv cwicvK I wecvKxq
N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z cÖvwYKzjB cÖvwYRM‡Zi me‡P‡q DbœZ f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki| 4
we‡kølY Ki| 4 6  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
2  cÖevj Øxc Avgv‡`i cwiwPZ; GB Øxc ˆZwi K‡i wbw`©ó c‡e©i A
m`m¨| Avevi wm‡jv‡gi wfwˇZI cÖvwYRM‡Zi †kÖwYweb¨vm n„rwcÐ
Kiv n‡q‡Q|
K. wÎc` bvgKiY Kx? 1
L. KW©vUv c‡e©i m`m¨‡K †Kb †giæ`Ðx ejv nq? 2 nvU© A¨vUvK nvU© †dBwjDi
M. cÖevj ˆZwiKvix cÖvYx c‡e©i ˆewkó¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 B C
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl evK¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 K. †cm‡gKvi Kx? 1
3  Rvwnb Zvi covi †Uwe‡j mܨv‡ejv GKwU cZ½ †`L‡Z cvq
L. ÿZ¯’v‡b i³ RgvU euv‡a †Kb? 2
hv mwÜhy³ cv‡qi mvnv‡h¨ jvd w`‡Z cv‡i Ges Wvbvi
M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔBÕ I ÔCÕ Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
mvnv‡h¨ Do‡ZI cv‡i|
K. IgvwUwWqvg Kx? 1 N. ÔBÕ I ÔCÕ Gi Kej †_‡K ÔAÕ †K iÿv Kivi †ÿ‡Î
L. wn‡gvwjç Kx? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 †Zvgvi civgk© cÖ`vb Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwUi `k©b GK‡Ki j¤^‡”Q‡`i wPwýZ 7  bb-A¨vwjwjK wR‡bi AvšÍtwµqvi †g‡Û‡ji 2q m~‡Îi
wPÎ `vI| 3
Abycv‡Zi e¨wZµg N‡U, †hgb 13 : 3|
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi i³ msenbZ‡š¿i mv‡_ †Zvgvi i³
msenbZ‡š¿i cv_©K¨ we‡kølY Ki| 4 K. cÖKU ˆewkó¨ Kx? 1
4  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : L. †U÷ µm I e¨vK µ‡mi g‡a¨ `ywU cv_©K¨ †jL| 2
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ AbycvZwUi Av‡jv‡K †g‡Û‡ji m~ÎwU
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ AbycvZwU †Kb Ges Kxfv‡e msNwUZ
wPÎ : K wPÎ : L
K. †bwd«wWqv Kx? 1 nq? we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. AcÖK…Z wm‡jvghy³ cÖvYx ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 8  iwKe e¨envwiK K¬v‡m iæB gvQ e¨e‡”Q‡`i gva¨‡g Kvb‡Kvi
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYx ce© `ywUi ˆewkó¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 wb‡P wPiæwbi g‡Zv A½ †`L‡Z †cj| †m †cŠwóK bvwji Dc‡i
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYx `ywU †giæ`Ðx bq †Kb? we‡kølY Ki| 4
mv`v e‡Y©i evwj‡ki g‡Zv Av‡iKwU A½ †`L‡Z †cj|
5  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
K. iæB gv‡Qi AuvBk †Kvb ai‡bi? 1
A L. iæB gv‡Qi n„rwcЇK †fbvm nvU© ejv nq †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g A½wUi wPÎmn MVb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
B
N. iwK‡ei †`Lv mv`v A‡½i MVb I ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
 25

wm‡jU †evW© 2021 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  cÖevj Øxc Avgv‡`i cwiwPZ, GB ØxcwU ˆZwi K‡i wbw`©ó 5  cÖvwYce©¸‡jvi †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi avivµg wb¤œiƒc :
c‡e©i m`m¨| Avevi wm‡jv‡gi wfwˇZI cÖvwYRM‡Zi Porifera

†kÖwYweb¨vm Kiv n‡q‡Q|
Nematoda
K. ¯ú‡Ävwmj Kx? 1 
L. KW©vUv c‡e©i m`m¨‡K †Kb †giæ`Ðx ejv nq? 2 Arthropoda

M. cÖevj ˆZwiKvix cÖvYx c‡e©i ˆewkó¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
?
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl evK¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 K. †bwd«wWqv Kx? 1
2  cvV¨m~wP‡Z c½cvj L¨vZ cÖvYxwUi Pe©Y Dc‡hvMx gy‡Lvcv½ I L. ms‡hvMKvix †hvMm~Î ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2
Zvi `k©b †KŠkjI Abb¨| M. DÏxc‡Ki avivµgwU D‡jøL K‡i GKwU K‡i ˆeÁvwbK
K. ¯úv‡g©vw_Kv Kx? 1 bvgmn D`vniY `vI| 3

L. wn‡gvwj‡çi Dcv`vb Kx? 2 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wZbwU c‡e©i ˆewkó¨ we‡kølY Ki| 4

M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi Lv`¨ MÖnY Dcv‡½i wPwýZ wPÎ `vI| 3 6  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
P  BB × bb
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi `k©b †KŠkj Abb¨ †Kb? we‡kølY Ki| 4
F1  Bb
3  iæB gv‡Qi n„rwcÐ `yB cÖ‡Kvôwewkó| Zv‡K †fbvm nvU© e‡j| F2  ?
wKš‘ Avgv‡`i n„rwcÐ DbœZ Ges Pvi cÖ‡Kvôwewkó| K. wR‡bvUvBc Kx? 1
K. †nv‡gvmviKvj †jR Kx? 1 L. Rh-d¨v±i ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2

L. dzjKv †iKvi ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Q‡Ki wRbZvwË¡K e¨vL¨v `vI| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K †U÷-µm we‡kølY Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g cÖvYxwUi DwjøwLZ A‡½i wPwýZ wPÎ A¼b
7  cÖvwYRM‡Zi n„rwc‡Ði avivµg GK, `yB, wZb Am¤ú~Y© Pvi I
Ki| 3
Pvi cÖ‡Kv‡ôi|
N. DÏxc‡Ki DwjøwLZ cÖvYx `ywUi i³ msen‡bi Zzjbvg~jK
K. c¨viv‡cvwWqv Kx? 1
we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. †jvwnZ KwYKvi KvR e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
4  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : M. DÏxc‡Ki avivµgwU †`Lv hvq †Kvb †Kvb cÖvYx‡Z? e¨vL¨v
Ki| 3
A
N. †k‡liwU mÂvj‡bi †ÿ‡Î Aw·‡Rb I Kve©b WvBA·vBWhy³
i³‡K wgwkÖZ n‡Z †`q bv we‡kølY Ki| 4
B
8  GK `¤úwZi ¯^vgxi i‡³i MÖæc A Ges ¯¿xi i‡³i MÖæc AB|
Z‡e ¯^vgxi Rh d¨v±i abvZ¥K Ges ¯¿xi Rh d¨v±i FYvZ¥K|
K. KvB‡jvgvB‡µvb Kx? 1 K. weeZ©b Kx? 1
L. cwicv‡K wcËi‡mi f‚wgKv wjL| 2 L. mgms¯’ I mge„Ëxq A½ ej‡Z Kx †evS? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki A wPwýZ A‡½i Kvh©KvwiZv mœvqyZ‡š¿i Dci M. DÏxc‡Ki `¤úwZi i³ MÖæ‡ci ˆewkó¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
wbf©ikxj e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 N. DÏxc‡Ki `¤úwZi mšÍvb‡`i †eu‡P _vKvi m¤¢vebv KZUzKz?
N. DÏxc‡Ki B wPwýZ A‡½i wecvKxq f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki|4 we‡kølY Ki| 4
 26

ewikvj †evW© 2021 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : K. wK¬‡fR Kx? 1
K L M L. wn‡gvwmj ej‡Z Kx ey S ? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_‡gv³ ˆewk‡ó¨i Dci wfwË K‡i cÖvwYRM‡Zi
†Ku‡Pv ZvivgvQ wMwbwcM
†kÖwYweb¨vm Ki| 3
K. ICZN Gi c~Y©iƒc wjL| 1
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. cÖRvwZ ˆewPΨ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 5  gvbe‡`‡ni D`i MnŸ‡i wKQy cwicvK MÖwš’ i‡q‡Q, hv‡`i
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ÒLÓ cÖvYxwUi ce©MZ ˆewkó¨ wjL| 3 g‡a¨ GKwU MÖwš’‡K †`‡ni e„nËg ewntÿiv MÖwš’ wn‡m‡e
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ÒMÓ cÖvYxwU ÒKÓ cÖvYx †_‡K DbœZZi we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q _v‡K| AciwU wgkÖ MÖwš’ hv wewfbœfv‡e Lv`¨
we‡kølY Ki| 4 cwicv‡K mnvqZv K‡i _v‡K|
K. KvBg Kx? 1
2  Nvmdwos-Gi `k©b Bw›`ªq n‡jv cyÄvÿx| GB A‡½i gva¨‡g
L. `šÍ ms‡KZ ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
D³ cÖvYxwU D¾¡j I g„`y Av‡jv‡Z e¯‘i wfbœ wfbœ cÖwZwe¤^
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g MÖwš’wUi mÂqx f‚wgKv eY©bv Ki| 3
MVb K‡i| Avevi Rš§-e„Ëv‡šÍi †ÿ‡Î jÿ Kiv hvq †h, Dnv N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
evi evi †Lvjm †gvP‡bi gva¨‡g c~Y©v½ cZ‡½ cwiYZ nq| 6  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
K. wn‡gvwjç Kx? 1 K  CO2 hy³ i³ 
L. IwfcwRUi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 gv‡Qi agwb dzjKv
M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z Bw›`ª‡qi ÿz`Z
ª g GK‡Ki wPwýZ wPÎ A¼b L  O2 hy³ i³  mgMÖ‡`n
Ki| 3 K. jwmKv Kx? 1
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †kl evK¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 L. BMI ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
3  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔKÕ wPwýZ As‡ki gva¨‡g i³ msenb e¨vL¨v
Ki| 3
R
Q
N. DÏxc‡Ki ÔKÕ wPwýZ Ges ÔLÕ wPwýZ agwbi cv_©K¨ Ki| 4
S
7  gxbv eY©vÜZvi evnK n‡jI Zvi ¯^vgx ¯^vfvweK `„wóm¤úbœ|
T
G G K. †d‡bvUvBc Kx? 1
P
L. BivB‡_ªveøv‡÷vwmm wdUvwjm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. gxbvi cyÎ mšÍvb‡`i eY©vÜZv nevi m¤¢vebv kZKiv
KZfvM? †PKvi †ev‡W©i gva¨‡g †`LvI| 3
N. gxbvi Kb¨v mšÍvb‡`i ¯^vgx eY©vÜ n‡j cieZ©x eskai‡`i
fv‡M¨ Kx NU‡e Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4
K. i³ Kx? 1 8  gvgyb wPwoqvLvbvq †eov‡Z wM‡q wRiv‡di LuvPvi mvg‡b G‡m
L. wkiv I agbxi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ †`LvI| 2 cÖvYxwUi j¤^v Mjv †`‡L we¯§qvwff‚Z n‡jv| wKQyÿY ci †m
M. avivevwnKfv‡e ZxiwPwýZ MwZc_¸‡jv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 GKwU WvB‡bvm‡ii cÖwZK…wZ †`L‡Z †cj|
N. gvbe‡`‡n ÔGÕ A‡K‡Rv n‡q co‡j h_vh_ e¨e¯’v MÖn‡Yi K. mgms¯’ A½ Kx? 1
gva¨‡g Dnvi wPwKrmv m¤¢e we‡kølY Ki| 4 L. wØ-c` bvgKiY ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_‡gv³ cÖvYxwUi D³ we‡kl MVb †h we‡kl
4  cÖvwYRM‡Z cÖvYx‡`i kbv³Ki‡Y wm‡jvg GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y©
weeZ©b gZev‡`i mvnv‡h¨ e¨vL¨v Kiv hvq Zvi
wfwË| ZvQvov cÖwZmvg¨ZvI cÖvYx kbv³Ki‡Yi Rb¨ GKwU cÖ¯Ívebvmg~n wjL| 3
¸iæZ¡c~Y© welq| wewfbœ cÖvYx‡Z wfbœ wfbœ ai‡bi cÖwZmvg¨Zv N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ cÖvYxwU †h weeZ©bMZ mvÿ¨-cÖgv‡Yi
cwijwÿZ n‡q _v‡K| Bw½Z `vb K‡i Zvi e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
 27

w`bvRcyi †evW© 2021 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  gyLweei  Mjwej  Abœbvwj  P  Q  K. i³Pvc Kx? 1
e„n`š¿| L. K‡ivbvix evBcvm mvR©vwi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
K. †ewiqvwUªKm Kx? 1 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wØZxq †Kvlxq Dcv`vbwUi f‚wgKv wjL| 3
L. hK…Z‡K ˆRe imvqbvMvi ejv nq †Kb? 2 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ Z…Zxq Dcv`vbwUi KvRwU RwUj cÖwµqvi
M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔPÕ wPwýZ As‡k wbtm„Z GbRvB‡gi Kvh©vewj gva¨‡g m¤úbœ nq we‡kølY Ki| 4
wjL| 3 6  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
N. DÏxc‡Ki ÔQÕ Ask wewfbœ Lv`¨mvi cwi‡kvl‡Yi Rb¨
wcZv-gvZv  ♂ mv`v †jMnb©  ♀ mv`v IqvBbWU
Acwinvh© we‡kølY Ki| 4
2  Avi‡kvjvmn mKj ¯’jPi cZ½ evqygÐj †_‡K O2 MÖnY K‡i|
Avgv‡`i g‡Zv dzmdzm bv _vK‡jI we‡kl ai‡bi m~² bvwj I F1Rby : mv`v
Zvi kvLv-cÖkvLvi gva¨‡g Giv cÖk¦vm-wbtk¦vm cÖwµqv m¤úbœ F2 Rby : mv`v : iwOb

K‡i| GB bvwjKv¸‡jvi wKQy Ask wfZ‡i evqyi Abycw¯’wZ‡Z K. Rh d¨v±i Kx? 1

Pzc‡m hvq bv, Z‡e wKQy Ask Pzc‡m hvq| L. mgms¯’ A½ ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
K. IgvwUwWqvg Kx? 1 M. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K F2 Rby †PKvi †ev‡W©i gva¨‡g e¨vL¨v
L. Am¤ú~Y© iƒcvšÍi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ we‡kl ai‡bi bvwjKv¸‡jvi MVb eY©bv
N. DÏxc‡Ki NUbvwU †g‡Û‡ji wØZxq m~‡Îi e¨wZµg
Ki| 3
we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖwµqvwU †iLvwP‡Îi gva¨‡g Dc¯’vcb
Ki| 4 7  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
3  e¨envwiK K¬v‡m wkÿK iæB gv‡Qi e¨e‡”Q` K‡i KvbKzqv Øviv
XvKv wPiæwbi `uv‡Zi b¨vq we‡kl A½wU †`Lv‡jb| Ges G‡`i
k¦mb M¨vm wewbg‡qi †KŠkj m¤ú‡K© aviYv w`‡jb| Z
K. dvB‡mvwK¬÷vm evqy_wj Kx? 1
L. nvj`v b`x Kvc© RvZxq gv‡Qi Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© †Kb? 2
X Y
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ we‡kl A½wUi mwPÎ MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
K. wm‡jvg Kx? 1
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wkÿ‡Ki †kl wee„wZwU we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. mvMi †dvqviv ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
4  gvbe‡`‡ni eÿMnŸ‡ii evw`‡K †gvPvK…wZi GKwU A½ i‡q‡Q|
M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔZÕ wPwýZ cÖvYxwUi †kÖwYZvwË¡K ˆewkó¨ wjL| 3
ms‡KvPb-cÖmvi‡Yi gva¨‡g A½wU mgMÖ †`‡n cywó I O2
mieivn K‡i| N. DÏxc‡K ÔXÕ I Ô YÕ wPwýZ cÖvYx `ywU‡K †kÖwYwefvRbxq
K. †cm‡gKvi Kx? 1 ˆewk‡ó¨i Av‡jv‡K Zzjbv Ki| 4
L. i³ ZÂb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 8  wcZv-gvZv DfqB ¯^vfvweK n‡jI Zv‡`i GKgvÎ cyÎ Aveyj
M. DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi j¤^‡”Q‡`i wPwýZ wPÎ AuvK| 3 wn‡gvwdwjK|
N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ A½wUi Kvh©vewj PµvKv‡i m¤úbœ nq K. wj_vj wRb Kx? 1
we‡kølY Ki| 4 L. †U÷µm ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
5  †kÖwYwkÿK gvby‡li i³ msenb cvV`vbKv‡j ej‡jb, wZb M. DÏxc‡Ki NUbvwUi wRbZvwË¡K e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
ai‡bi †Kvlxq Dcv`vb c„_K c„_K Kv‡R wb‡qvwRZ _v‡K| N. DÏxc‡Ki GKgvÎ cyÎ mšÍv‡bi mv‡_ ¯^vfvweK Kb¨vi we‡q
G‡`i g‡a¨ cÖ_gwU k¦mb M¨vm cwienb, wØZxqwU cÖwZiÿv I n‡j cieZ©x eska‡i Kx nv‡i ˆewkó¨wU cÖKvk cv‡e?
Z…ZxqwU i³ Z‡b mnvqZv K‡i| †PKvi †ev‡W©i gva¨‡g we‡kølY Ki| 4
 28

gqgbwmsn †evW© 2021 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI|
†h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  mvw`K Zvi K‡j‡Ri wgDwRqv‡g wPswo gvQ, nv½i gvQ Ges M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ jÿY¸‡jv †h †iv‡Mi Dnvi KviY e¨vL¨v
iæB gvQ †`L‡jv| Ki| 3
K. cÖRvwZ Kx? 1 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ mgm¨v Kxfv‡e cÖwZ‡iva Kiv hvq?
L. Rxe‰ewPΨ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 we‡kølY Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g cÖvYxwUi ce©MZ ˆewkó¨ Av‡jvPbv Ki| 3 6  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ cÖvYx `ywU GKB ce©f³
z n‡jI Avjv`v jvj dzj (♂) mv`v dzj (♀)
†kÖwYi we‡kølY Ki| 4 
2  meyR avb‡ÿ‡Z wKQy ev`vwg e‡Y©i Z…Y‡fvwR cZ½ †`Lv hvq| F1  †Mvjvwc dzj
cZ½wUi `k©b-A½ A‡bK¸‡jv `k©b GKK wb‡q MwVZ| G 
cZ½wU g„`y I D¾¡j Av‡jv‡Z wfbœ ai‡bi cÖwZwe¤^ MVb K‡i| F2 ?
K. UªvwKqv Kx? 1
K. wj_vj wRb Kx? 1
L. gy³ i³ msenb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 L. †U÷-µm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi `k©b GK‡Ki j¤^‡”Q‡`i wPwýZ wPÎ M. DÏxc‡K F1 Rby‡Z mKj dzj †Mvjvwc nIqvi KviY e¨vL¨v
A¼b Ki| 3 Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡K F2 Rbyi djvdj †PKvi †ev‡W©i gva¨‡g we‡kølY
3  iæB gv‡Qi Ggb GKwU A½ Av‡Q hvnv fvimvg¨ I k¦m‡b Ki| 4
f‚wgKv iv‡L| Bnv QvovI Gi i³ msenb c×wZ GKgyLx|
7  ¯^vfvweK `„wóm¤úbœ wcZvi mKj cyÎ eY©vÜ wKš‘ mKj Kb¨vB
K. wm‡÷vj Kx? 1
¯^vfvweK `„wóm¤úbœ|
L. AfqvkÖg ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
K. Rh d¨v±i Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ A½wUi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
L. †m· wjsKW Bb‡nwiU¨vÝ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡Ki cyÎ I Kb¨vi wcZvgvZvi wR‡bvUvBc e¨vL¨v
4  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
Ki| 3
B
N. DÏxc‡Ki Kb¨vi mv‡_ ¯^vfvweK `„wóm¤úbœ †Q‡ji we‡q

A
n‡j cieZ©x eska‡i djvdj we‡kølY Ki| 4
8  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
C

K. cwicvK Kx? 1
L. wgkÖMÖwš’ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔBÕ A½wU †_‡K †h GwmW wbtm„Z nq Dnvi
KvR eY©bv Ki| 3 wPÎA wPÎB
N. DÏxc‡Ki ÔAÕ A½wU‡K ÒˆRe imvqbvMviÓ ejv nq K. weeZ©b Kx? 1
we‡kølY Ki| 4 L. be¨-WviDBbev` ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
5  n„`‡ckx‡Z Aw·‡Rb (O2) mieivn bv n‡j ey‡K Zxeª e¨_v, M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ÔBÕ wP‡Îi cÖvYxwU‡K ÔRxešÍ Rxevk¥Õ
k¦vmKó Ges Nvg nq| ejv nq e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
K. BMI Kx? 1 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ ÔAÕ wP‡Îi cÖvYxwU KvQvKvwQ `yBwU
L. jwmKvZš¿ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 †kÖwYi Ôms‡hvMKvix †hvMm~ÎÕ e‡j we‡kølY Ki| 4
 29
†mU : N XvKv †evW© 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. Nvmdwos-Gi g¯Í‡Ki AvqZvKvi †cøUwUi 10. nvBWªvq GKevi e¨envi Dc‡hvMx †Kvl  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 18bs cÖ‡kœi
bvg Kx? †Kv_vq me‡P‡q Kg _v‡K? DËi `vI :
K fv‡U©· L †Rbv K Kwl©Kv L nvB‡cv‡÷vg cÖvwYRM‡Z KZ¸‡jv cÖvYx i‡q‡Q hv‡`i
M d«Ý N K¬vBwcqvm M cv`-PvKwZ N †`nKvÐ KL‡bv Mjwejxq dzjKviܪ _v‡K bv|
2. wn‡gv‡Møvwe‡bi †Kvb As‡k CO2 hy³ nq? 11. iæB gv‡Qi dzjKv Av‡P©i msL¨v KZ? 18. DóxcK mswkÏÓ¡ cÉvYxG`i ˆÞGò ˆKvbwU
K  COOH L  OH K3 L4 mwVK?
M  NH2 N HCO3 –
M5 N6 K ¯œvqyi¾y wb‡iU L wUDwbK _v‡K
3. wb‡Pi †Kvb ai‡bi wgj‡b mKj cyÎ mšÍvb  wb‡Pi DÏxcwU fv‡jvfv‡e †`L Ges 12 I M gv‡qv‡Uvg †cwk _v‡K
eY©vÜ n‡e? 13bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : N cÖZxc iƒcvšÍi N‡U
K wcZv ¯^vfvweK gv eY©vÜ 19. Bjvw÷bhy³ wKDwUKj †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z
L wcZv eY©vÜ, gv ¯^vfvweK _v‡K?
X
M wcZv ¯^vfweK, gv evnK K Platyhelminthes L Nematoda
M Annelida N Arthropoda
N wcZv eY©vÜ, gv evnK y
20. cwie¨w³ gZev` †K †`b?
4. wKDe‡qW Aw¯’ †Kvb As‡k †`Lv hvq?
K fvBRg¨vb L WviDBb
K Kwâ L †Mvovjx
12. 'y' wPwýZ AskwU †Kvb A‡½i mv‡_ hy³?
M j¨vgvK© N wåm
K AMœ¨vkq L ÿz`ªvš¿
M nuvUz N Diæ 21. iæB gv‡Qi evqy_wj‡Z i³ mieivn K‡i
M hK…Z N dzmdzm
5. A¨vjwfIjv‡m k¦mb Kv‡h© f‚wgKv iv‡L †Kvb agbx?
i. †¯‹vqvgvm Gwc‡_wjqvj †Kvl
13. DÏxc‡Ki 'x' wPwýZ AskwUi KvR
K c¨vivBUvj
i. †`n Zi‡ji fvimvg¨ iÿv
ii. †mÞvj †Kvl L BwjqvK
ii. i‡³i cÖavb QuvKzwb
iii. †Kvjv‡Rb Zš‘ M wmwjqv‡Kv-†g‡m›UvwiK
iii. RxevYy aŸsm Kiv N mve-K¬¨vwfqvb
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 22. Nvmdwos-Gi w¯ÍwgZ Av‡jv‡K `k©‡bi
K i I ii L i I iii †ÿ‡Î wb‡Pi †KvbwU cÖ‡hvR¨?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K ¯úó we¤^ ˆZwi nq
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 6 I 7bs cÖ‡kœi
14. nvBWªvi N2 NwUZ eR©¨ †_‡K ˆkev‡ji L A¨v‡cvwRkb we¤^ ˆZwi K‡i
DËi `vI :
Kx‡mi Pvwn`v c~iY nq? M Dfq Av‡jvK iwk¥ MÖnY K‡i
K wjwcW L kK©iv N iÄK AveiYxØq cÖmvwiZ
x M †cÖvwUb N LwbR jeY 23. wRnŸv Ges †Pvqv‡ji wb‡P Aew¯’Z MÖwš’
y 15. cZGãi cvGqi KÝv-cieZÆx Ask ˆKvbwU? wbtm„Z GbRvBg
K wdgvi L †UªvKv›Uvi i. †KvjvwR‡bR
6. 'x' As‡ki cÖwZ¯’vc‡b n„`wc‡Ði †Kvb
M Uvm©vm N wUweqv ii. A¨vgvB‡jR
cÖ‡Kv‡ô †K‡bv wjW cÖ‡ek Kiv‡bv nq bv?
16. BIwmGbvwdGji ˆÞGò wbGPi ˆKvbwU iii. jvB‡mvRvBg
K Wvb A¨vwUªqvg L evg A¨vwUªqvg
mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M Wvb †fw›UªKj N evg †fw›UªKj
K eY© wbi‡cÿ K i I ii L i I iii
7. 'y' Gi †ÿ‡Î wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
L A¤øag©x
K ms‡hvMx wUmy¨
M wn÷vwgb wbtmiY K‡i 24. e¨vK µm n‡jv
L wbj‡qi cÖmviY NUvq i. F1 × F2
N msL¨vq me‡P‡q Kg
M A¨vKkb c‡Ubwkqvj m„wó K‡i ii. F1 × cÖ”Qbœ P
17. †_vivwm‡Ki †h K‡kiæKv¸‡jv Av`k©
N nvU©weU ïiæ K‡i iii. F1 × cÖKU P
8. †Kvb †ÿ‡Î K¨v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm-Gi K‡kiæKvi AšÍ f© y ³ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
i. 3q
Ae`vb me‡P‡q †ewk? K i I ii L i I iii
ii. 5g M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K weeZ©b L wPwKrmv
iii. 7g 25. eÿwcćii Aw¯’ ¸ ‡jvi cÖvšÍfv‡M †Kvb
M †kÖwYZË¡ N eskMwZ
9. Aixq wK¬‡fR †`Lv hvq †Kvb c‡e©? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? ai‡bi ZiæYvw¯’ _v‡K?
K Annelida L Arthropoda K i I ii L i I iii K nvqvwjb L †k¦ZZš‘gq
M Mollusca N Chordata M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M cxZZš‘gq N Pzbgq
 30
†mU : N ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. Hydra-†Z AšÍt†Kvlxq cwicvK N‡U 8. K‡ivwUKvi †Kvb Aw¯’wU †dviv‡gb Ae 18. wbKU m¤úwK©Z Rxe‡Mvôx wfbœ cwi‡e‡k
K d¬v‡Rjvhy³ †Kv‡l g¨vMbvg enb K‡i? emev‡mi d‡j Zv‡`i g‡a¨ †h weeZ©b N‡U
K d«›Uvj L c¨vivBUvj Zv‡K Kx ejv nq?
L ÿYc`hy³ †Kv‡l
M Aw·wcUvj N G_g‡qW K Acmvix L Awfmvix
M GbRvBg ÿiYKvix MÖwš’ †Kv‡l 9. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z Aa©gy³ ai‡bi M mgvšÍivj N g¨v‡µv
N wgDKvm ÿiYKvix MÖwš’ †Kv‡l msenbZš¿ †`Lv hvq? 19. hK…r Ave„ZKvix c`©vi bvg Kx?
2. wcË je‡Yi KvR K Annelida L Mollusca
K c¨vivBUvj L wcøDivj
M Nematoda N Echinodermata
i. jvB‡cR GbRvBg‡K mwµq K‡i 10. iæB gv‡Qi †kÖvwY cvLbvq i³msenb K‡i M wfmv‡ij N wMømb K¨vcmyj
ii. Pwe©‡Z `ªeYxq wfUvwg‡bi †kvl‡Y †Kvb agwb? 20. gvby‡l †Kvb eøvW MÖæcwU mve©Rbxb MÖnxZv?
mnvqZv K‡i K †ibvj L KWvj KA LB
M BwjqvK N mve‡K¬ w fqvb MO N AB
iii. †Kvj‡bi c¨vwi÷¨vjwmm cÖwµqv
11. ck©yKvi †Kvb AskwU K‡kiæKvi mv‡_ hy³? 21. K‡W© U cÖ v Yx‡`i †ÿ‡Î G‡Ðv÷vBj †Kvb
evwo‡q †`q MÖwš’‡Z iƒcvšÍwiZ nq?
K wUDeviKj L A¨v‡½j
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M k¨vdU N †Kv÷vj KvwU©‡jR K _vBgvm L _vBi‡qW
Ki L ii 12. †Kvb weÁvbx cÖvwYRMZ‡K †giæ`Ðx I M c¨viv_vBi‡qW N wcUzBUvwi
M iii N i, ii I iii A‡giæ`Ðx GB `yB fv‡M wef³ K‡ib? 22. ¯úwÄ Aw¯’ Øviv MwVZ Ask †KvbwU?
3. n„rwc‡Ði cÖ‡Kvô¸‡jvi ms‡hvM¯’‡j K A¨vwi÷Uj L ievU© ûK i. ¯Íb¨cvqxi K‡ivwUKv
M j¨vgvK© N BDwjqvg nv‡f© ii. e„nr Aw¯’i cÖvšÍfvM
†mwgjybvi KcvwUKv Ae¯’vb K‡i
13. Nvmdwos-Gi n„`h‡š¿ KqwU cÖ‡Kvô _v‡K? iii. K‡kiæKvi †m›Uªvg
i. evg †fw›UªKj I A¨vIU©v
K3 L5 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ii. evg A¨vwUªqvg I evg †fwóªKj M7 N9 K i I ii L i I iii
iii. Bbwdwiqi f¨vbvK¨vfv I Wvb A¨vwUªqvg 14. cwicv‡K wm‡µwUb ni‡gv‡bi KvR Kx? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K cvK¯’wj‡Z M¨vw÷ªK im, wbtmiY eÜ Kiv
23. Arthropoda c‡e©i †iPb A½
L cvK¯’wj †_‡K Lv`¨ wWI‡Wbv‡g
K i I ii L i I iii i. g¨vjwcwRqvb bvwjKv
Avmvi MwZ wbqš¿Y Kiv
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii ii. K·vj MÖwš’
M AMœ¨vkq‡K GbRvBg ÿi‡Y DÏxß Kiv
4. µ‡ci ˆewkó¨ †KvbwU? N jvjv ÿiY wbqš¿Y Kiv iii. †b‡d«vmvBU
K Giv weªmj QuvKwbi g‡Zv KvR K‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
 wb‡Pi DÏxcK n‡Z 15 I 16bs cÖ‡kœi
K i I ii L i I iii
L Lv`¨ P‚Y-© weP‚Y© K‡i DËi `vI :
A M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M Lv`¨ AvswkK cwicvK K‡i
N cÖmvwiZ KcvwUKv enb K‡i iÚbvwj  iæwe Qwe AuvK‡Z wM‡q †`Lj Zvi Kv‡Q
AvKvwk is †bB| gv ej‡jb mv`v I bxj
5. Rbve Kvgv‡ji BMI gvb 3212 kg/m2 B
is wgwk‡q wb‡j H iswU cv‡e|
n‡j wZwb ¯’j~ Zvi †Kvb †kÖwYfz³? 15. DÏxc‡Ki A-wPwýZ As‡ki Rb¨ cÖ‡hvR¨
K cøvRgv wSwjø‡Z Gw›U‡Rb enb K‡i Dc‡ii DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 24 I 25 bs
K ¯^vfvweK
L Avqy®‹vj 2  5 w`b
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
L AwZwi³ IRb
M jwmKvZ‡š¿ m„wó nq 24. DÏxc‡Ki NUbvwUi mv‡_ wb‡Pi †Kvb
M 1g †kÖwYi ¯’j ~ Zv
N A¨vw›UewW m„wó K‡i wRbZvwË¡K cwieZ©‡bi mv`„k¨ i‡q‡Q?
N 2q †kÖwYi ¯’j ~ Zv
K mgcÖKUZv L Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv
6. iæB gv‡Qi Mjwejxq A‡j KZwU dzjKv 16. wjD‡Kvwgqv nIqvi KviY Kx?
K A As‡ki Afve L A As‡ki AvwaK¨ M cÖ K U Gwc÷¨vwmm
wQ`ª _v‡K?
M B As‡ki Afve N B As‡ki AvwaK¨ N ˆØZ cÖ”Qbœ Gwc÷¨vwmm
K 3 †Rvov L 4 †Rvov
17. gvbe‡`‡n UªvwKqvi wØ-wefvR‡b m„ó kvLv 25. DÏxc‡Ki mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y© wRbZvwË¡K
M 5 †Rvov N 6 †Rvov
`ywU‡K Kx e‡j? cwieZ©bwU
7. wb‡Pi †Kvb †kÖwYi cÖvYx‡Z cÖZxc iƒcvšÍi K cÖvšÍxq eªw¼Ij K g‡bvnvBweªW µm
†`Lv hvq? L cÖvBgvwi eª¼vm L WvBnvBweªW µm
K Ascidiacea L Myxini M †m‡KÛvwi eª¼vm M cwj‡RwbK Bb‡nwiU¨vÝ
M Petronyzontida N Actinoptorygii N Uvwm©qvwi eª¼vm N †m·wjsKW Bb‡nwiU¨vÝ
 31
†mU : L hGkvi ˆevWÆ 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. †Kvb cÖvYx‡Z Aixq wK¬‡fR N‡U? 9. DóxcGK DwÍÏwLZ ˆKvgjvwÕ© ˆKvb aiGbi? 17. ˆKvb cÉvYxGZ UwUcGU´Ÿ aiGbi ˆKvl ^vGK?
K wSbyK L †Ku‡Pv K K¨vjwmdvBW L †k¦Z Zš¿gq K Pila L Labeo
M Nvmdwos N kvgyK M w¯’wZ¯’vcK N nvqvwjb M Hydra N Poekilocerus
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 2 I 3bs cÖ‡kœi 10. _ª‡¤^vcøvw÷b Drcv`‡b mvnvh¨ K‡i 18. Nvmdwos G †ncvwUK wmKv KqwU?
DËi `vI : i. †cÖvKbfviwUb K7 L 10
kwdK mv‡n‡ei i³víZvi mgm¨vi Rb¨ ii. wµmgvm d¨v±i M 12 N 20
Wv³vi i³ cixÿv K‡i ej‡jb, Avcbvi iii. A¨vw›Uwn‡gvwdwjK d¨v±i 19. cÖvYxi wUmy¨ i‡m †Kvb Dcv`vb _vK‡j
fvM¨ fv‡jv| Avcwb †h †Kv‡bv my¯’ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? nvBWªv Zv‡K wkKvi K‡i|
†jv‡Ki i³ wb‡Z cvi‡eb? K i I ii L i I iii K †dbj L wjwcW
2. kwdK mv‡n‡ei i‡³i MÖæc †KvbwU? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M kK©iv N MøyUvw_Ib
KA LB
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 11 I 12bs 20. †Kvb cÖvYxi cÖZxc iƒcvšÍi N‡U?
M AB NO
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K Ascidia mentula
3. DÏxc‡Ki DwjøwLZ mgm¨v wb‡æi †Kvb
GKRb wb‡MÖ v I GKRb †k¦ Z v½ gwnjvi L Myxine glutinosa
Dc`vb K‡g †M‡j nq? M Eusphyrna blochii
K †k¦Z i³KwYKv L †jvwnZ we‡q n‡jv| wKš‘ Zv‡`i mšÍv‡bi Mv‡qi
N Neoceratodus frosteri
i³KwYKv eY© evev-gv‡qi †P‡q wfbœ n‡jI cieZ©x
es‡k evev ev gv‡qi gZ mšÍvb Rš§ 21. Uª ¨v‡eKzjx †Kv_vq cvIqv hvq?
M AYyPwµKv N †ncvwib
wb‡jv| K hK…‡Z L i‡³
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ¨ Ki Ges 4 I 5bs M dz m dz ‡m N e„‡°
11. DÏxc‡Ki F1 Rby‡Z mšÍv‡bi Mv‡qi eY© Kx
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 22. gv‡Qi †`n †Kvb ai‡bi AuvBk
P
ai‡bi n‡e? Latimeria

Q K wb‡MÖv L †k¦ZKvq Øviv Ave„ Z _v‡K?

M wgDj¨v‡Uv N nvjKv Kv‡jv K M¨vb‡qW L wUb‡qW
R
S 12. DÏxc‡Ki mšÍvb evev ev gv‡qi g‡Zv M mvBK¬‡qW N cø¨vK‡qW
4. DóxcGKi ˆKvb AGã cÅvGb^ ˆKvl cvIqv hvq? nIqvi KviY Kx? 23. cÖkv¦ m Kvh©µ‡g D‡ËvwjZ nq
KP LQ K †KvWwg‡bÝ L Gwc÷¨vwmm i. Wvqvd«vg
MR NS M cwjwRb N wj_vj wRb ii. ÷vb©vg
5. DÏxc‡Ki R wPwýZ Ask n‡Z †KvbwU 13. Nvmdwos Gi ga¨ A‡š¿i AšÍtcÖvPxi wb‡æi
iii. ck©yKvi k¨vdU
wbtm„Z nq bv? †KvbwU Øviv ˆZwi?
K g‡ëR L †iwbb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K KvBwUb L †cwiUªwdK c`©v
M jvB‡cR N wUªcwmb K i I ii L i I iii
M †cwi‡Uvwbqvg N wKDwUKj
6. evevi i‡³i MÖæc AB Ges gv‡qi i‡³i M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
MÖæc AB n‡j mšÍvb‡`i i‡³i MÖæc n‡e  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ¨ Ki Ges 14 I 15bs 24. D”PPvc e¨v‡ivwi‡mÞ‡i mnvqZvKvix ¯œvqy
i. A cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
i. f¨vMvm
ii. B
iii. AB ii. Mø‡mvd¨vwiwÄqvj
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? iii. UªKwjqvi
K i I ii L i I iii 14. †KvbwU DÏxc‡Ki gv‡Qi ˆewkó¨? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K PviwU dzjKv K i I ii L i I iii
7. †Kvb GbRvBg e¨vK‡Uwiqv aŸsm K‡i? L †Kvbvm AvU©vwiImvm we`¨gvb M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K jvB‡mvRvBg L Uvqvwjb M GKPµ n„rwcÐ
M g‡ëR N †ccwmb
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ¨ Ki Ges 25bs cÖ‡kœi
N †nUv‡ivmvK©vj †jR
DËi `vI :
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 8 I 9 bs 15. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxi †`n cÖvPx‡i †Kvb agwb
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : i³ mieivn K‡i?
gy³v nVvr c‡o wM‡q nv‡Z I bv‡Ki K mveK¬¨vwfqvb L BwjqvK
AMÖfv‡M cÖPÐ e¨_v †cj| M Ac_¨vjwgK N c¨vivBUvj
8. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jvwPZ ¯’v‡bi †cwki †ÿ‡Î 16. mycvicwRkb cÖwZwe¤^
25. wP‡Î DwjøwLZ Aw¯’i ˆewkó¨
cÖ‡hvR¨ i. g„`y Av‡jv e¨envi nq
i. fvwU©eªvj †dviv‡gb eo
i. gv‡qvdvBweªj _v‡K ii. wZh©K I Djw¤^K Dfq Av‡jv `iKvi
ii. gvKz AvK…wZi iii. e¯‘i wfbœ wfbœ As‡ki c„_K cÖwZwe¤^ ii. UªvÝfvm© †dviv‡gb _v‡K
iii. AbycÖ¯’ †iLv _v‡K ˆZwi nq iii. I‡Wv›U‡qW cÖ‡mm _v‡K
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii K i I ii L i I iii K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 32
†mU : L KzwgÍÏv ˆevWÆ 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. wbGPi ˆKvb ‰bRvBgwU AÅvgvBGjvjvBwUK? 9. DÏxc‡K wPÎ 'A' Øviv †Kvb ce©‡K wb‡`©k 18. †KvbwU †ncvwib wbtmiY K‡i?
K †ccUvB‡WR L jvB‡cR Kiv n‡q‡Q? K wbD‡Uªvwdj L BIwm‡bvwdj
M g‡ëR N wUªcwmb K Platyhelminthes L Mollusca M †e‡mvwdj N g‡bvmvBU
2. gvbe‡`‡n †Kvb MÖwš’‡Z Kvcdvi †Kvl M Annelida N Arthropoda 19. nvBWªvi †Kvb ai‡bi †bgv‡Uvwm÷
cvIqv hvq? 10. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ 'B' Gi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv wnc‡bvUw·b aviY K‡i?
K hK…Z L AMœ¨vkq i. cÂAixq cÖ w Zmg K †cwbUª¨v›U

M wcË_wj N jvjvMÖwš’ ii. i³ msenbZš¿ Dcw¯’Z L fj‡f›U

iii. Pjb A½ bvwjKvc` M †÷ªc‡Uvwjb MøywUb¨v›U
3. wb‡Pi †Kvb Avqb i³ RgvU euva‡Z
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N †÷wiIwjb MøywUb¨v›U
mnvqZv K‡i?
K Na+ L Ca2+ K i I ii L i I iii  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU †`L Ges 20 I 21bs
M Mg 2+
N Fe2+ M ii I iii N i, ii I iii cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
4. gvbe‡`‡ni †KvbwU †m‡iv‡Uvwbb bvgK 11. gvby‡li n„`‡cwk n‡jv
ivmvqwbK c`v_© ÿiY K‡i? i. A‰bw”QK
K †jvwnZ KwYKv L wj‡çvmvBU
ii. kvLvhy³ A
M AYyPwµKv N g‡bvmvBU
iii. B›UviK¨v‡j‡UW wW¯‹hy³ 20. DÏxc‡K 'A' wPwýZ AskwUi bvg Kx?
5. gvbe‡`‡n AwZwi³ IR‡bi BMI †KvbwU? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K MÖvmbvwj
2
K 185  2499 †KwR/wg K i I ii L i I iii L Mjwej
2
L 250  2999 †KwR/wg M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M wbDg¨vwUK bvwj
2 N evj¦vm AvU©vwiIjvm
M 300  3499 †KwR/wg 12. gvbe‡`‡n gw¯Í‡®‹i †Kvb As‡k k¦mb‡K›`ª
N 350  3999 †KwR/wg
2
Aew¯’Z? 21. DÏxcKwUi KvR n‡jv
K cbm& L †m‡i‡ejvg i. cø e Zv iÿv K‡i
 DÏxcKwU co Ges 6 I 7bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
M †m‡ieªvg N ga¨ gw¯Í®‹ ii. CO2 Gi Avavi wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i
`vI : iii. kã Drcv`‡b mnvqZv K‡i
mv`v †jMnb© (BBII) I mv`v IqvBbWU 13. Archaeopteryx-G mixm„‡ci ˆewkó¨ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
(bbii) Rv‡Zi g‡a¨ msKivq‡bi d‡j F1 i. †Pqv‡j `uvZ we`¨gvb
K i I ii L i I iii
eska‡i mv`v (msKi) e‡Y©i ˆewkó¨ ii. †jR 20wU K‡kiæKv hy³
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
cwijwÿZ nq| iii. m‡gvò‡kvwYZ
22. gvbe n„rwc‡Ð †fw›UªK‡ji Wvqv‡÷v‡ji
6. DÏxcKwU Øviv †KvbwU wb‡`©wkZ n‡q‡Q? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? mgqKvj KZ?
K Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv K i I ii L i I iii K 07 †m‡KÛ L 01 †m‡KÛ
L cwic~iK wRb M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M 05 †m‡KÛ N 03 †m‡KÛ
M cÖKU Gwc÷¨vwmm 14. gvby‡li jvjvMÖwš’i KvR n‡jv 23. Nvmdwos‡qi IgvwUwWqv‡g †Kvb AskwU
N mg-cÖKUZv i. Avwgl cwicvK Kiv †j‡Ýi gZ KvR K‡i?
7. DÏxcK Abymv‡i F2 Rby‡Z wd‡bvUvBwcK ii. Uvqvwjb wbtm„Z Kiv K Kwb©qv
AbycvZ KZ n‡e? iii. Lv`¨ MjatKi‡Y mnvqZv Kiv L Kwb©qv‡Rb †Kvl
K9:3:3:1 L9:7 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M AvBwik iÄK AveiY
M 13 : 3 N1:2:1 K i I ii L i I iii N i¨ve‡Wvg
8. K‡ivwUKvq Aw¯’ msL¨v KZwU? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 24. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖvYxwU‡Z cøvK‡qW AuvBk
K8 L 14 15. gvbe‡`‡ni eo MÖwš’ †KvbwU? we`¨gvb?
K Myxine L Petromyzon
M 25 N 29 _vBgvmK L cøxnv
M Scollodon N Branchiostoma
 DÏxcKwU †`L Ges 9 I 10 bs cÖ‡kœi M AMœ ¨vkq N hK…Z
25. nvqvwjb ZiæYvw¯’i ˆewkó¨ n‡jv
DËi `vI : 16. mvi‡dKU¨v›U †Kv_vq cvIqv hvq? i. g¨vwUª· A¯^”Q
K eªw¼I‡j L UªvwKqvq ii. Zš‘wenxb
M eª¼v‡m N A¨vjwfIjv‡m iii. bgbxq
17. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Òmixm„‡ci hyMÓ ejv nq? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K wm‡bvRwqK L †g‡mvRwqK K i I ii L i I iii
wPÎ : A wPÎ : B M c¨vwjIRwqK N †cÖv‡U‡ivRwqK M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 33
†mU : M PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. wcËim ÿwiZ nq †KvbwU †_‡K? 10. A¨vjwfIjv‡mi cÖvPxi 18. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ A‡½ cvIqv hvq
K jvjvMÖwš’ L ÿz`ªvš¿ i. †¯‹vqvgvm Gwc‡_wjqvj †Kv‡l MwVZ i. O2
M hK…r N AMœ¨vkq ii. m¨vi‡dKU¨v›U ÿiY K‡i ii. CO2
2. iæB gv‡Qi AvuBk iii. N2
iii. †mÞ©vj †Kvl mg„×
i. Pzb I †Kvjv‡Rb Zš‘ Øviv MwVZ
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ii. GwcWvg©vj ¯Íi †_‡K m„ó K i I ii L i I iii
K i I ii L i I iii
iii. cÖavb cÖwZiÿvKvix A½ M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 19. †KvbwU‡K gvby ‡li n„rwc‡Ði †cm‡gKvi
11. ˆKvbwU ˆgG´£Gji cÉ^g mƒGòi eÅwZKÌGgi D`vniY?
K i I ii L i I iii K Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv
ejv nq?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K mvB‡bv A¨vwUªqvj †bvW
L cwic~iK wRb
3. †KvbwU K‡ivwUKvi Aw¯’? M Gwc÷¨vwmm
L A¨vwUªI †fw›UKzjvi †bvW
K c¨vivBUvj L c¨v‡jUvBb M cvwK©bwR Zš‘
N cwj‡RwbK Bb‡nwiU¨vÝ
M RvB‡Mv‡gwUK N j¨vw·gvj N e¨vÛj Ae wnR
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ¨ Ki Ges 12 I 13 bs 20. m¨vid¨vKU¨v›U †Kv_vq cvIqv hvq?
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 4 I 5bs cÖ‡kœi
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K A¨vjwfIjv‡m L mvBbv‡m
DËi `vI :
gvby‡li n„rwcÐ ¯^qswµqfv‡e n„`¯ú›`b ˆZwi M eªw¼I‡j N UªvwKqv‡Z
K‡i| GwU we‡kl i³ evwnKvi gva¨‡g 21. i³bvwji wfZi i³ RgvU bv euvavi KviY
mviv‡`‡n Aw·‡Rbhy³ i³ cwienb K‡i| n‡jv
4. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ A‡½ Av‡Q 12. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖvYxwU †Kvb c‡e©i? i. †ncvwi‡bi Dcw¯’wZ
i. SAN K Cnidaria L Nematoda ii. i³bvwji gm„Y cÖvPxi
ii. cvwK©bwR Zš‘ M Echinodermata N Chordata iii. i‡³i `ªæZ MwZ
iii. Hw”QK †cwk
13. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwU wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
i. cÂAixq cÖwZmg K i I ii L i I iii
K i I ii L i I iii
ii. bvwjKv c`hy³ M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
iii. mvgyw`ªK 22. Arthropoda c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i cÖavb †iPb
5. DóxcGKi DwÍÏwLZ iÚ evwnKvi ŠewkÓ¡Å nGjv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? A½ †KvbwU?
K jy‡gb eo L cÖvPxi cyiæ
K i I ii L i I iii K wkLv †Kvl
M KcvwUKv _v‡K
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii L †bd«b
N cÖvPxi Aw¯’wZ¯’vcK
6. Volvox Gi †ÿ‡Î †Kvb ai‡bi 14. †`‡ni †Kvb Ask‡K Dc‡i DVv‡Z mnvqZv M †bwd«wWqv
cÖwZmvg¨Zv †`Lv hvq? K‡i wb‡Pi †Kvb †cwk? N g¨vjwcwRqvb bvwjKv
K Aixq cÖwZmvg¨Zv K A¨veWvKUi L wj‡fUi
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 23 I 24bs
L wØ-cvk¦©xq cÖwZmvg¨Zv M wW‡cÖmi N †iv‡UUi
15. Ôe¨w³Rwb RvwZRwbi cybive„wË NUvqÕ cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M †Mvjxq cÖwZmvg¨Zv
N wØ-Aixq cÖwZmvg¨Zv ZË¡wUi cÖe³v †K?
7. Nvmdwos wbç †_‡K c~Yv© ½ Ae¯’vq cwiYZ K j¨vgvK© L WviDBb A
M †n‡Kj N A¨vwi÷Uj B
n‡Z Kqevi †Lvjm Z¨vM K‡i?
K GKevi L wZbevi 16. Aves-Gi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv
M Pvievi N cuvPevi i. Dò i³wewkó
ii. †`n †jv‡g Ave„Z 23. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' wPwýZ A‡½ Drcbœ nq
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ¨ Ki Ges 8 I 9 bs
iii. Aw¯’ evqyc~Y© K jvjv L wcË
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M wgDKvm N Nvg
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii 24. DÏxc‡Ki 'B' wPwýZ A‡½
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii i. Avwgl
ii. kK©iv
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 17 I 18bs iii. †¯œnRvZxq Lv`¨ cwicvKKvix GbRvBg _v‡K
8. DÏxcKwU †Kvb ai‡bi ZiæYvw¯’i? cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K †k¦Z Zš‘gq L w¯’wZ¯’vcK K i I ii L i I iii
M nvqvwjb N K¨vjwmdvBW M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
9. DÏxc‡Ki ZiæYvw¯’wU cvIqv hvq 25. †Kvb †bgv‡Uvwm‡÷ wnc‡bvUw·b _v‡K?
K wcbv‡Z 17. DwjøwLZ A½wU wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖvYx‡Z cvIqv K †cwbUªv›U
L BD‡÷wkqvb bvwj‡Z hvq L fj‡f›U
M wdgv‡ii g¯Í‡K K nvBWªv L Nvmdwos M †÷wiIwjb MøywUb¨v›U
N k¦vmbvwj‡Z M gvQ N gvbyl N †÷ªc‡Uvwjb MøywUb¨v›U
 34
†mU : N wmGjU ˆevWÆ 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. cÖkv¦ ‡mi mgq A¨vjwfIjv‡m O2 Gi Pvc 10. wb‡Pi †Kvb †Kvl †h †Kvb †Kv‡l cwiYZ 19. wb‡Pi †KvbwU cvK¯’wj †_‡K wbtm„Z
KZ? n‡Z cv‡i? GbRvBg?
K 40 mm Hg L 100 mm Hg K AveiYx †Kvl K wUªcwmb L A¨vgvB‡jR
M 104 mm Hg N 120 mm Hg L B›Uvi‡÷wkqvj †Kvl M †iwbb N jvB‡MR
2. †giæ`‡Ði †Kvb As‡k 7wU K‡kiæKv M wb‡Wveøv÷ †Kvl 20. †mvgv‡Uv÷¨vwUb ni‡gvb wbtm„Z nq wb‡Pi
_v‡K? N ms‡e`x †Kvl †KvbwU †_‡K?
K mvifvBKvj L †_vivwmK
11. nvBWªvi `ªæZMwZi Pj‡bi bvg Kx? K hK…Z L gyL
M jv¤^vi N m¨vµvj
K jywcs L MøvBwWs M wcËim N AMœ¨vkq
3. Av`k© cï©Kvi Ask M mgvimwës N muvZvi 21. wcËi‡mi jeY
i. k¨vdU 12. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡K M¨vw÷ªK BbwnwiUwi i. †mvwWqvg †Uv‡ivK‡jU
ii. g¨vbyweªqvg †ccUvBW ejv nq? ii. †mvwWqvg MøvB‡Kv‡Kv‡jU
iii. wUDeviKj K G›Uv‡ivKvBwbb L wWIµvBwbb iii. †mvwWqvg evB-Kve©‡bU
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M G›Uv‡ivµvBwbb N G›Uv‡ivM¨v‡÷ªvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii 13. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Nvmdwos Gi g¯Í‡Ki Ask? K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K j¨vwmwbqv L †Rbv M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
4. Rx‡ei evwn¨K ˆewkó¨‡K Kx e‡j? M K·v N †UªvK¨v›Uvi
 DÏxc‡Ki wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 22 I
K cÖKU ˆewkó¨ L †nUv‡ivRvBMvm 14. wbGPi ˆKvb ŠewkÓ¡Å Õ¨x Nvmdwos ‰ ˆ`Lv hvq?
23bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M wd‡bvUvBc N wR‡bvUvBc K IwfcwRUi L mycÖvA¨vbvj †cøU
5. Rh+ Gi wR‡bvUvBc †KvbwU? M A¨vbvj mviwK N †mwgbvj †fwmKj
K CdE L CDD 15. Nvmdwos Gi †cŠwóKZ‡š¿i †g‡mv‡›Ui‡bi
M cdE N CDE
AšÍtcÖvPxi Kx Øviv wbwg©Z?
6. gvbe‡`‡ni wbw®µq A½ n‡jv Y
K †cwiUªwdK c`©v L KvBwUb
i. †jvg
M eªvk eW©vi N c¨vwcjv
ii. Av‡°j `uvZ wPÎ-X
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 16 I 17bs cÖ‡kœi
iii. Kv‡bi †cwk
DËi `vI : 22. wPÎ 'X' G msNwUZ cÖwµqvi bvg
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
iæB gv‡Qi n„rwcÐ `ywU cÖ‡Kvôhy³ Ges i. gv‡qv‡RwbK wbqš¿Y
K i I ii L i I iii
mvB‡bv-A¨vwUªqvjmn wewfbœ KcvwUKv we`¨gvb| ii. e¨v‡ivwi‡mÞi
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
16. D³ A½wU iii. KvwW©qvK Pµ
7. Annelida-i †iPb A‡½i bvg Kx?
i. O2 hy³ i³ cwienb K‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K g¨vj‡cwRqvb bvwjKv
ii. †fbvm nvU© bv‡g cwiwPZ K i I ii L i I iii
L g¨vj‡cwRqvb ewW
iii. i³ cwienb GKgyLx M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M wkLv †Kvl
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 23. DÏxc‡Ki 'Y' As‡ki bvg Kx?
N †bwd«wWqv
K i I ii L i I iii K SA †bvW L AV †bvW
8. Reptilia-i ˆewkó¨ M cviwKwÄ Zš‘ N evÛj Ae wnR
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
i. m¤§yL c‡` 4wU I cðvr c‡` 5wU
17. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ KcvwUKvi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU 24. n†rwcGíi wbjGqi A¯¦tcÉvPxGii AwfGÞci…cx
bLiwenxb AvOzj _v‡K
mwVK? †cwk¸‡jvi bvg Kx?
ii. †`nZ¡K †cøU ev GwcWvg©vj AuvBk Øviv
K i³ Awj›` †_‡K wbj‡q hvq K c¨vwcjvwi †cwk
Ave„Z L i³ mvBbvm †f‡bvmvm †_‡K Awj‡›` hvq L KwW© †UÛbx
iii. n„rwcÐ Am¤ú~Y©fv‡e 4 cÖ‡Kvôhy³
M i³ wbjq †_‡K Awj‡›` hvq M KvwW©qvK †cwk
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N i³ wbjq †_‡K evj¦vm AvU©vwiImv‡m
N Hw”QK †cwk
K i I ii L i I iii hvq
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
25. a~gcv‡bi Kvi‡Y A¨vjwfIjvm †d‡U
18. †iwUqv wgivwewjqv iæB gv‡Qi †Kvb A‡½
9. ˆcwiwngvjZ¯¨ ˆKvb cGeÆi cÉvYxGZ ˆ`Lv hvq? hvIqv‡K Kx e‡j?
†`Lv hvq?
K Echinodermata L Arthropoda K eªsKvBwUm L GgdvB‡mgv
K k¦mb L cwicvK
M Mollusca N Nematoda M cÖRbb N evqy_wj M wcø Dwiwm N dvB‡eªvwmm
 35
†mU : K ewikvj ˆevWÆ 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. †KvbwU gvQ? 10. G ai‡bi Aw¯’f½ wPwKrmvi †ÿ‡Î 17. †Kvb ¯œvqy nuvwP cÖwZeZ© wµqvi D™¢e NUvq?
K wPswo gvQ L †fUwK gvQ cÖ‡hvR¨ K Ajd¨vKUwi L †fMvm
M Zviv gvQ N †Rwjwdm i. fvOv Aw¯’wU Dc‡ii w`‡K ivL‡Z n‡e M d¨vwmqvj N AKz‡jv‡gvUi

2. wgkÖ MÖwš’ n‡Z wbtm„Z nq ii. Aw¯’ f‡½i gvÎv I mwVK ¯’vb wPwýZ 18. evev I gv‡qi i‡³i MÖæc †KvbwU n‡j
K M¨vw÷ªb Ki‡Z n‡e Zv‡`i mšÍ v b‡`i i‡³i MÖæ‡ci mv‡_
L †mvgv‡Uv÷¨vwUb iii. fvOv RvqMvwU †eu‡a w`‡Z n‡e
†Kv‡bvfv‡eB wgj‡e bv?
K AB I O L AB I A
M A¨vbwRI †Ubwm‡bv‡Rb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M AIB N AB I B
N _vBiw·b K i I ii L i I iii
19. †Kvb cÖvYxi †ÿ‡Î cyiæl A‡cÿv ¯¿x‡Z
3. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖvYx‡Z ¯^-wb‡lK N‡U? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
GKwU †µv‡gv‡mvg Kg _v‡K?
K Ascaris L Wuchereria 11. n„rwc‡Ði †cm‡gKvi ejv nq †KvbwU‡K?
K gvbyl L Nvmdwos
M Taenia N Hydra K SAN L evÛj Ae wnR
4. cwi‡div c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i †Kvb †KvlwU M gy i wM N KeyZi
M AVN N cviwKbwR Zš‘
d¬v‡Rjvhy³? 20. kix‡ii me‡P‡q eo MÖ wš’i bvg Kx?
12. ¯Íb¨cvqxi hyM ejv nq †Kvb gnvKvj‡K? K hK…r L AMœ¨vkq
K †Kvqv‡bvmvBU
K AvwK©IRwqK L wm‡bvRwqK M _vBi‡qW N wcUzBUvwi
L wcbv‡KvmvBU
M †cÖv‡U‡ivRwqK N †g‡mvRwqK 21. †g‡Û‡ji 2q m~‡Îi †ÿ‡Î KZ ai‡bi
M A¨vwg‡evmvBU
13. †Kvb †ivMwU‡K ivRKxq †ivM e‡j? wR‡bvUvBc cvIqv hvq?
N gv‡qvmvBU
K wn‡gvwdwjqv L ivZKvbv K4 L9
5. i‚BgvGQi n†rwcGí ˆKvb KcvwUKv we`Ågvb? M eY©vÜZv N gvmKzjvi wWmUªwd M 12 N 16
K Awj›` wbjq
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 14 I 15bs 22. nvBcvi †Ubk‡bi KviY
L AvšÍt Awj›`
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : i. eskMZxq ˆewkó¨
M AvšÍt wbjq
ii. AwZwi³ Pwe©RvZxq Lv`¨ MÖnY
N ev‡j¦v-Awj›`
iii. a~gcvb I g`¨cvb
6. nvBWªvi †`‡ni †Kvb †Kvl‡K msiwÿZ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
†Kvl e‡j? K i I ii L i I iii
K †cwk-AveiYx L ms‡e`x M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M ¯œvqy N B›Uviw÷wkqvj S
23. wcËim ÿwiZ nq †Kvb MÖwš’ †_‡K?
7. Nvmdwos Gi cÖavb kÖeY A½ †Kvb LЇK K jvjvMÖwš’ L cvK¯’wj
P
Aew¯’Z? M hK…r N AMœ¨vkq
K 1g eÿxq L 2q eÿxq
 DÏxcK †`‡L 24 I 25bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
M 1g D`ixq N 2q D`ixq `vI :
8. Aw·‡Rb I Kve©b WvBA·vB‡Wi wewbgq 14. wP‡Îi S As‡k g~jZ †Kvb Lv‡`¨i cwicvK fzjy Gi n„`¯ú›`b AwbqwgZfv‡e nq|
nq?
nq k¦mbZ‡š¿i †Kvb As‡k? Wv³vi cixÿv-wbixÿvi gva¨‡g Zv‡K
K Avjy L Wvj
K UªvwKqv L eªw¼Ij K…wÎg e¨vUvwi ¯’vc‡bi civgk© w`‡jb|
M †Zj N wN 24. DÏxc‡K fyjyi n„rwc‡Ûi mgm¨v †Kvb
M A¨vjwfIjvm N eª¼vm
15. DÏxc‡K P AskwUi KvR As‡ki?
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 9 I 10bs i. i‡³ Mø‡y Kv‡Ri cwigvY wbqš¿Y K SAN
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : ii. me ai‡bi Lv‡`¨i cwicvKKvix L cviwKbwR Zš‘
ewb dzUej †Lj‡Z wM‡q Zvi wdgv‡ii M evÛj Ae wnR
GbRvBg wbtmiY
Aw¯’ †f‡½ UzKiv n‡q hvq| wKš‘ Pvgov N KwW© †UwÛwb
iii. Lv‡`¨i A¤øxq gva¨g‡K cÖkwgZ Kiv
†f` K‡i evB‡i †ewi‡q Av‡m bv| 25. fz jyi KiYxq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
i. AvëªvmvDÛ bv Kiv‡bv
9. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z Aw¯’ f½‡K e‡j K i I ii L i I iii
ii. MRI †_‡K weiZ _vKv
K e× Aw¯’f½ M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
iii. †gUvj wW‡U±i Gwo‡q Pjv
L †hŠwMK Aw¯’f½ 16. c¨v‡Ujv Aw¯’ n‡jv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M RwUj Aw¯’f½ K †giæ`‡Ði L K‡ivwUi K i I ii L i I iii
N wMÖwbw÷K Aw¯’f½ M AMÖc‡`i N cðvrc‡`i M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 36
†mU : K w`bvRcyi ˆevWÆ 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYxi †`ncÖvPx‡i Aw÷qv 10. AvB‡jUm Ae j¨v½vin¨vÝ Gi †Wëv †Kvl 17. DÏxcK Abymv‡i wn‡gj I Zvi ¯¿xi
bvgK wQ`ª we`¨gvb? †_‡K wbtm„Z ni‡gv‡bi KvR n‡jv wR‡bvUvBc n‡e
K Porifera L Cnidaria K MøyKvMb ÿiY K XBY I XBXb L XbY I XBXb
M Nematoda N Echinodermata
L HCl ÿiY wbqš¿Y MX YIXX B b b
N XbY I XbXb
2. Arthropoda c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i ˆewkó¨ n‡jv M wcËÿi‡Y DÏxcbv †hvMvq 18. DÏxc‡Ki Kb¨vi †R‡bvUvBc n‡Z cv‡i
K RxebP‡µ Uª‡Kv‡dvi bvgK jvf©v we`¨gvb N  I  †Kv‡li ÿiY wbqš¿Y i. XBXB
L i³msenb Zš¿ e× cÖK…wZi ii. XBXb
11. gv‡qv‡RwbK wbqš¿‡Yi MwZc_ n‡jv
M cÖavb †iPb A½ gvjwcwRqvb bvwjKv iii. XbXb
K SAN  AVN  Bundle of His 
N †cwiwngvj Zš¿ msen‡bi KvR K‡i Purkinje fibers wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 3 I 4bs cÖ‡kœi L AVN  SAN  Bundle of His  K i I ii L i I iii
DËi `vI : Purkinje fibers M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M Bundle of His  SAN  AVN 
19. gvbyGli ewntk¼mGbi ˆÞGò ˆKvb Z^ÅwU mwVK?
Purkinje fibers
N SAN  Bundle of His  AVN  K GbRvB‡gi f‚wgKv Av‡Q
A Purkinje fibers L cÖavb Dcch©vq †µem Pµ
M †Kv‡li Af¨šÍ‡i msNwUZ nq
3. DÏxc‡Ki MVbwU‡Z 'A' wPwýZ As‡k  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 12 I 13bs N kw³ Drcbœ nq bv
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
we`¨gvb ivmvqwbK c`v_© n‡jv 20. ‘cÉRvcwZi Wvbv’ ‰i mge†wîq Aã ˆKvbwU?
K wgDwmb L K‡ÛªvA¨vjeyb‡qW K wZwgi wd¬cvi L cvwLi Wvbv
A
M wnc‡bvUw·b N MøyUvw_Ib B
M gvby‡li nvZ N weov‡ji AMÖc`
4. DÏxc‡Ki MVbwUi KvR n‡jv C
D 21. AYyPwµKvi KvR †KvbwU?
i. AvZ¥iÿv K A¨vw›UewW Drcbœ Kiv
ii. wkKvi ai‡Z mnvqZv L A¤ø I ÿv‡ii mgZv iÿv
12. DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Îi †Kvb cÖ‡Kvô n‡Z CO2
iii. Pj‡b mnvqZv M wn÷vwgb wbtm„Z K‡i
mg„× i³ cvj‡gvbvwi agwb‡Z Mgb K‡i?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? KA LB N i³ Rgv‡U mnvqZv K‡i
K i I ii L i I iii MC ND
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 22 I 23bs
13. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' wPwýZ As‡ki †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
5. Nvmdwos Gi UªvwKqvj Z‡š¿i AYyµwgK cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
i. CO2 mg„× i³ MÖnY K‡i
B
web¨vm n‡jv ii. mvB‡bv-A¨vwUªqvj †bvW bv‡g †cwk LÐ _v‡K
K k¦vmiܪ  UªvwKqv  UªvwKIj †Kvl  UªvwKIj iii. Wvb A¨vwUªI-†fw›UªKzjvi wQ‡`ªi gva¨‡g
L k¦vmiܪ  UªvwKqv  UªvwKIj  UªvwKIj †Kvl Wvb †fw›UªK‡j Dš§y³ nq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? A
M UªvwKqv  k¦vmiܪ  UªvwKIj †Kvl  UªvwKIj
K i I ii L i I iii
N UªvwKqv  k¦vmiܪ  UªvwKIj  UªvwKIj †Kvl 22. DÏxc‡Ki 'B' wPwýZ A‡½i †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
6. wb‡Pi †KvbwU iæBgv‡Qi hyM¥ cvLbv? K mvid¨vKU¨v›U ÿiY K‡i
14. †Kvb mvBbv‡mi cÖ`v‡ni Kvi‡Y gvby‡li
K c„ô-cvLbv L cvqy-cvLbv L wm‡µwUb bvgK ni‡gvb ÿiY K‡i
M eÿ-cvLbv N cy”Q-cvLbv
Mv‡j I `uv‡Z e¨_v nq?
M †`n n‡Z wel AcmviY Kiv
K d«›Uvj L g¨vw·jvwi
7. jvB‡cvjvBwUK GbRvBg †KvbwU? N c~Y© eq¯‹ gvby‡l RBC m„wó Kiv
M G_g‡qW N †ùb‡qW
K A¨vgvB‡jR L †KvjvwR‡bR 23. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' wPwýZ A‡½i ˆewkó¨
15. †kÖvwYP‡µi Aw¯’ †KvbwU?
M Bjv‡÷R N †jwmw_‡bR i. mvBby m ‡qW _v‡K
K Kw°· L ¯‹¨vcyjv
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 8 I 9bs M wcDwem N K¬¨vwfKj ii. AvB‡jUm Ae j¨v½vin¨vÝ bvgK
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 16. ZiæYvw¯’i ˆewk÷¨ †Kvlcy Ä _v‡K
ˆmKZ cyKz‡i Rvj w`‡q gvQ aivi mgq iii. DBm©vs bvwj we`¨gvb
i. g¨vwUª· Aa©-KwVb
GKwU AuvBk I cvLbvhy³ Ges Ab¨wU ii. †cwiKwÛªqv‡g Ave„Z wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
†LvjKhy³ I ALÐvwqZ cÖvYx †c‡jb| iii. Uªv‡eKzjv Dcw¯’Z K i I ii L i I iii
8. DóxcGKi 1g cÉvYxwUi ˆÞGò ˆKvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K n„rwc‡Ði Pvi cÖ‡Kvôwewkó K i I ii L i I iii 24. Z…Zxq †kÖwYi wjfvi Gi D`vni‡Yi †ÿ‡Î
L m‡gvò‡kvwYZ cÖvYx M ii I iii N i, ii I iii gvby‡li KbyB mwÜ Kx wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i?
M cÖavb k¦mb A½ dzjKv K wcfU L cÖ‡Póv
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 17 I 18bs
N Wvqvd«vg we`¨gvb M wjfvi evû N fvi
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
9. DóxcGKi ˆkGlvÚ cÉvYxwU ˆh cGeÆi A¯¦MÆZ 25. wMø b‡qW MnŸi †Kv_vq _v‡K?
wn‡gj I Zvi ¯¿x ¯^vfvweK eY© `k©‡b mÿg
K Mollusca L Arthropoda K AMÖc‡` L cðvrc‡`
n‡jI Zv‡`i GK cyÎ eY©vÜ I Kb¨v
M Echinodermata N Chordata M eÿvw¯’ P‡µ N †kÖvwYP‡µ
¯^vfvweK|
 37
†mU : K gqgbwmsn ˆevWÆ 2023 welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z i¨vewWwUdg© jvf©v `kv  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 9 I 10bs  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 17 I 18bs
†`Lv hvq? cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K Platyhelminthes L Nematoda UªvwKqv  P  Q  A¨vjwfIjvibvwj 
M Arthropoda N Echinodermata
9. DÏxc‡Ki P I Q wb‡`©wkZ Ask †Kvb¸‡jv?
2. evj¦vm AvU©vwiImvm
K A¨vwUªqvg I A¨vjwfIjvi _wj
i. †f›Uªvj A¨vIU©vi ùxZ nIqv Ask P Q
L A¨vwUªqvg I A¨vjwfIjvm 17. DÏxc‡Ki 'P' wPwýZ †cwk †Kvb ai‡bi?
ii. †cwiKvwW©qvj MnŸ‡ii A¼xq‡`‡k Aew¯’Z
M eª¼vm I eªw¼Ij K gm„Y L Agm„Y
iii. †f›Uªvj A¨vIqvU©vi i³ PjvPj wbqš¿Y
N A¨vjwfIjvi _wj I A¨vjwfIjvm M n„`‡cwk N K¼vj †cwk
K‡i
10. DÏxc‡Ki cÖevnwPÎ gvbe‡`‡ni †h A‡½ 18. DÏxc‡K P I Q †cwki †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
†`Lv hvq Zvi Kvh©Kix GK‡Ki †ÿ‡Î K P I Q Dfq †cwk‡Z AbycÖ¯’ †iLv Av‡Q
K i I ii L i I iii
cÖ‡hvR¨ L P I Q Dfq †cwk‡Z B›UviK¨v‡jwUW wW¯‹ _v‡K
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
i. ey`ey` m`„k evqy_wj M¨vm wewbgq K‡i M mvi‡Kv‡jgv 'P' G ¯úó Ges 'Q' G m~²
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 3 I 4bs N †cwkZš¿ 'P' G j¤^v I kvLvwenxb Ges
ii. g¨v‡µv‡dR AYyRxe aŸsm K‡i
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 'Q' G Lv‡Uv I kvLvhy³
iii. †mÞvj †Kvl dm‡dvwjwcW wbtmiY
jvB‡cR 19. †Kvb ai‡bi †k¦Z KwYKv †_‡K †ncvwib
†¯œnKYv  P + Q K‡i
wbtm„Z nq?
3. DÏxc‡Ki wewµqvwU †Kv_vq msNwUZ nq? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K †e‡mvwdj L wbD‡Uªvwdj
K gyLwee‡i L Abœbvwj‡Z K i I ii L i I iii
M BIwm‡bvwdj N wj‡çvmvBU
M ÿz`ªv‡š¿ N e„n`‡š¿ M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
20. eª¼v‡mi †Kvb Ask dzmdz‡m cÖ‡ek K‡i?
4. DÏxc‡K wewµqvi djvdj (P + Q)  11. †fw›UI‡ji Wvqv‡÷v‡ji mgq KZ K eªw¼Ij L †jvweDj
i. d¨vwU GwmW + wMømvij †m‡KÛ? M nvBjvg N A¨vwUªqvg
ii. d¨vwU GwmW + †Kv‡j‡÷ij K 0.1 L 0.3 21. Hw”QK †cwki ag© †KvbwU?
iii. d¨vwU GwmW + g‡bvwMøm¨vivBW M 0.5 N 0.7 K ms‡KvPb-cÖmviY ¯^Ztù‚Z© I Q‡›`ve× bq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 12. K‡ivwUKvi Aw¯’ †KvbwU? L ms‡KvPb-cÖmviY ÿgZv gš’i I `xN©¯’vqx
K i I ii L i I iii K RvB‡Mvg¨vwUK L j¨vwµgvj M wbtmvoKvj `xN©¯’vqx I eo
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M c¨v‡jUvBb N c¨vivBUvj N mn‡R K¬všÍ nq bv
5. dzmdzGmi w«¼Õ¦ix wµÏDivj c`Ævi Ask ˆKvbàGjv? 13. mixm„‡ci hyM †KvbwU?
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 22 I
K †fw÷weDj c¨vivBUvj
K †g‡mvRwqK L wm‡bvRwqK 23bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
L wf‡mivj I †jvweDj
M c¨vwjIRwqK N AviwKIRwqK ♂ g~Kewai  ♀ g~Kewai
M eªw¼Ij I †jvweDj
14. †¯œnRvZxq Lv`¨ cwicv‡K Ask †bq 22. DÏxcK Abymv‡i F2 Rbyi wd‡bvUvBwcK
N wf‡mivj I c¨vivBUvj
i. †jwmw_‡bR Aby c vZ KZ?
6. hK…‡Zi mvBbym‡qW¸‡jv †Kvb ai‡bi
ii. jvB‡cR K1:4:6:4:1 L9:3:3:1
†Kvl w`‡q Ave„Z?
iii. †KvjvwR‡bR M9:7 N 13 : 3
K Avjdv L weUv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 23. weï× ¯^vfvweK cyiæ‡li mv‡_ F1 Rbyi ¯¿xi
M Kvcdvi N Mvgv
K i I ii L i I iii mv‡_ we‡q n‡j Zv‡`i mšÍvb n‡e
7. IgvwUwWqv‡gi †Kvb Ask Av‡jv cÖwZmi‡Y
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii i. 100% ¯^vfvweK
mvnvh¨ K‡i?
15. n„rwc‡Ði cÖvPx‡ii Ask ii. 50% ¯^vfvweK I 50% g~Kewai
K Kwb©qv
i. †cwiKvwW©qvg iii. 100% g~Kewai
L Kwb©qv‡Rb †Kvl
M †iwUbyjvi †Kvl ii. GwcKvwW©qvg wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N wµ÷vjvBb †Kvb †Kvl iii. gv‡qvKvwW©qvg K i I ii L i I iii

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii

8. iÚ msenbZ¯¨ I k¼mbZ¯¨ AbycwÕ©Z ^vGK
K i I ii L i I iii
24. †g‡Û‡ji wØZxq m~‡Îi e¨wZµg †KvbwU?
i. †bgv‡UvWvq
K Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv L mgcÖKUZv
ii. cøvwU‡njwgb‡_m-G M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M wj_vj wRb N cwic~iK wRb
iii. gjv¯‹vq 16. wm‡jvgwenxb cÖvYx‡`i ce© †KvbwU?
K Annelida
25. †Kvb ai‡bi Pjb c×wZ‡Z nvBWªv j¤^v
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
L Mollusca `~ i Z¡ AwZµg K‡i?
K i I ii L i I iii
M Nematoda K jywcs L mgvimwës
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
N Platyhelminthes M MøvBwWs N nvgv¸wo
 38

ˆmU : N XvKv †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq20 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb15
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej
c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
1. ÔBÕ eøvW MÖæ‡ci gvbyl †Kvb MÖæ‡ci i³  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 9 I 10 bs wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
MÖnY Ki‡Z cv‡i? cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K i I ii L i I iii
K ÔABÕ Ges ÔOÕ P  jvj  mv`v
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
L ÔBÕ Ges ÔOÕ 18. †KvbwU A¨vjwfIjv‡mi cÖvPxi †_‡K ÿiY
M ÔBÕ Ges ÔABÕ F1  †Mvjvcx
nq?
K cøvRgv d¬zBW L †mivm d¬zBW
N ÔAÕ, ÔABÕ Ges ÔOÕ 
F2  ? M wgDwmb N mvid¨vK‡U›U
2. 2q †kÖwYi wjfv‡ii †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK?
9. F1 Rby‡Z e¨wZµg eY© nIqvi KviY 19. †KvbwU‡K n„ r wc‡Ði †cm‡gKvi ejv nq?
K ej  fvi  d¨vjµg
K Gwc÷¨vwmm L cwic~iK wRb K mvB‡bv A¨vwUª qvj †bvW
L d¨vjµg  ej  fvi L cviwKbwR Zš‘
M mg cÖKUZv N Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv
M fvi  d¨vjµg  ej M A¨vwUªI †fbwUªKzjvi †bvW
10. F2 es‡ki wd‡bvUvBwcK AbycvZ
N fvi  ej  d¨vjµg N ev‡Ûj Ae wnR
K1:2:1 L2:1
20. wb‡¤œi †Kvb cÖvYx A¨vwm‡jv‡gU?
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 3 I 4 bs M3:1 N 13 : 3
K †Mvj K…wg L wdZv K…wg
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 11. †Kvb †kÖwY‡Z 5  15 †Rvov Mjwejxq
M †Ku‡Pv N kvgyK
dzjKviܪ cvIqv hvq?
21. fj‡f›U †bgv‡Uvwm‡÷i †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
K Myxini L Petromyzontida
M Chondrichthyes N Actinopterygii i. kxl©‡`k e×
A
12. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? ii. AvVv‡jv im ÿiY K‡i
iii. m~ÎwU cu¨vPv‡bv
K ¯úvg©v‡Uv‡Mvwbqv  ¯úvg©vwUW 
3. DÏxc‡Ki A wPwýZ AskwU n‡jv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
¯úvg©v‡UvmvBU  ïµvYy
K i I ii L i I iii
K wfjvB L mvBbym‡qW
L ¯úvg©vwUW  ¯úvg©v‡UvmvBU  M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M †ncvwUK †Kvl N Me‡jU †Kvl
¯úvg©v‡Uv‡Mvwbqv  ïµvYy 22. Nvmdwos‡qi cyÄvwÿi †Kvb AskwU
4. Dc‡ii wP‡Î Av‡Q cÖwZwe¤^ m„wó K‡i?
M DImvBU  DI‡Mvwbqv  DIwUW
i. †ncvwUK †jvweDj K i¨ve‡Wvg L Kwb©qv‡Rb †Kvl
 wW¤^vYy
ii. †K›`ªxq wkiv M AvBwik iÄK AveiYx
N DI‡Mvwbqv  DImvBU  DIwUW
iii. AvB‡jUm Ae j¨v½vin¨vÝ N Kwb©qv
 wW¤^vYy
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 23. iæB gv‡Qi i³ msenb †Kvb ai‡bi?
13. eY©vÜ cyiæl I ¯^vfvweK `„wói bvixi (evnK
K i I ii L i I iii K wØ Pµxq L cvj‡gvbvwi
bq) g‡a¨ we‡q n‡j Zv‡`i ¯^vfvweK `„wói
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M GK Pµxq N †cvU©vj
Kb¨v mšÍvb‡`i m¤¢ve¨ nvi KZ?
5. Nvm dwos‡qi cv Gi Ask †KvbwU?  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 24 I 25 bs
K 100 % L 75 %
K GwjUªv L †UMwgbv cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M 50 % N 25 %
M K·v N UvM©vg
14. †KvbwU Avwgl cwicvKKvix GbRvBg?
6. †jvwnZ KwYKv I †k¦Z i³ KwYKvi
K jvB‡cR L j¨vK‡UR
AbycvZ KZ? A
M †iwbb N AvB‡mvgj‡UR
K 1 : 25 L 25 : 1
15. me‡P‡q †ewk Lv`¨mvi †kvlY nq †Kv_vq?
M 1 : 700 N 700 : 1
K Bwjqvg L †RRybvg 24. ÔAÕ wPwýZ AskwUi bvg Kx?
7. MÖxev‡`kxq K‡kiæKv KqwU? M wmKvg N wWI‡Wbvg K cvk¦©‡iLv L †dvKvm
K4 L5 16. i³bvwj‡Z i³ RgvUe× bv nIqvi Rb¨ M †iwWB N mvKz©wj
M7 N 12 `vqx †KvbwU? 25. DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Îi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
8. Archaepteryx-G †Kvb †Kvb †kÖwYi K †Kv‡jwm‡÷vKvBwbb L wn÷vwgb i. Aw¯’ Øviv MwVZ
ˆewkó¨ i‡q‡Q? M †ncvwib N G›Uv‡ivKvBwbb ii. A¨vbywj _v‡K
K ¯Íb¨cvqx I cvwL 17. KvwW©qvK †cwk‡Z _v‡K iii. eqm I e„w× wbY©q
L mixm„c I DfPi i. B›UviK¨v‡j‡UW wW¯‹ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M mixm„c I cvwL ii. d¨vwmKzjvm K i I ii L i I iii
N ¯Íb¨cvqx I mixm„c iii. gv‡qvdvBweªj M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 39

ˆmU : K ivRkvnx †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq20 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb15
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej
c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
1. Cnidaria c‡e©i KZ ai‡bi Nematocyst wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
†`Lv hvq? K i I iii L i I ii K i I ii L i I iii
K 20 L 21 M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M 22 N 23 10. GKv`k †kÖwYi QvÎx wgwb ¯^vfvweK eY© 18. DÏxc‡Ki MVbwUi KvR n‡jv
2. cÖvwYRM‡Zi wØZxq e„nËg ce© †KvbwU? `k©‡b mÿg n‡jI Zvi GK fvB eY©vÜ| i. kã m„wó Kiv
K Cnidaria L Annelida wgwbi wcZv-gvZvi wR‡bvUvBc n‡jv ii. cøeZv iÿv Kiv
M Mollusca N Arthropoda K XBXB I XbY L XBXB I XBY iii. cÖwZaŸwb m„wó Kiv
3. Nvmdwos‡qi †cÖv‡±vwWqv‡gi Ask †KvbwU? M XBXb I XBY N XbXb I XbY wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K wMRvW© L µc
11. gvmKz¨jvi wWmUªwdi mvaviY jÿY¸‡jv n‡jv K i I ii L i I iii
M †g‡m‡›Uib N Bwjqvg
i. †cwki `ye©jZv I mgš^‡qi Afve M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 4 I 5 bs ii. †Pv‡Li cvZv Suy‡K cov 19. KZ mßvn eq¯‹ gvbe僇Y me©cÖ_g
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : iii. Rbbv‡½i ÿwqòzZv mvid¨vKU¨v›U ÿiY ïiæ nq?
cyKz‡ii cvk w`‡q nuvUvi mgq iwdK mv‡ne wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K 23 L 24
Zuvi †Q‡j wRwg‡K cyKz‡ii wKbv‡i GKwU K i I ii L ii I iii M 20 N 25
kvgyK‡K †`wL‡q ejj, cyKz‡ii cvwb‡Z M i I iii N i, ii I iii 20. mvBbymvBwUm nevi KviY¸‡jv n‡jv
we`¨gvb AviI GKwU †LvjKhy³ cÖvYx evm 12. cxZ Zš‘gq ZiæYvw¯’ †KvbwU?
i. `uv‡Zi Bb‡dKkb
K‡i hvi †`‡n gy³v m„wó nq| K †giæ`Ðx‡`i k¦vmbvwj ii. wmw÷K dvB‡eªvwmm
4. DÏxcK Abymv‡i cÖ`wk©Z cÖvYxwUi ce© n‡jv L KY©QÎ ev wcbv
iii. bv‡Ki nvo euvKv _vK‡j
K Cnidaria L Mollusca M †giæ`Ðx‡`i åƒYxq K¼vj
M Arthropoda N Echinodermata
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N ck©yKvi cÖvšÍfvM
K i I ii L i I iii
5. DÏxcK Abymv‡i ce©wUi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv 13. wg÷vi iwd‡Ki cÖwZ wgwb‡U bvoxi ¯ú›`b M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
i. †`n big I ALÐvwqZ 80 evi n‡j n„`P‡µi mgqKvj KZ †m‡KÛ?  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 21 I 22 bs
ii. g¨v›Uj bvgK AveiY we`¨gvb K 0.75 L 0.78
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
iii. †iPb A½ wkLv †Kvl M 0.80 N .085
P  ♂ mv`v †jMnb©  mv`v IqvBbWU
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 14. †`‡ni †Kvb As‡k AwaK msL¨K
K i I ii L i I iii jwmKvMÖwš’ †`Lv hvq? F1  mv`v
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii i. Nv‡o 
F1  mv`v I iwOb
6. iæB gv‡Qi †kÖvwY cvLbvq i³ cwienb ii. eM‡j
K‡i wb‡Pi †Kvb agwb? 21. DÏxcK Abymv‡i †Kvb ai‡bi wR‡bi wµqv
iii. KzuPwK‡Z
K BwjqvK
msNwUZ n‡q‡Q?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K wj_¨vj
L c¨vivBUvj K i I ii L i I iii
L ˆØZ cÖ”Qbœ Gwc÷¨vwmm
M wmwjqv‡Kv †g‡m›UvwiK M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M cÖKU Gwc÷¨vwmm
N mveK¬vwfqvb 15. nvBWªvi †`‡ni UwUc‡U›U †Kvl †KvbwU?
N mgcÖKUZv
7. 5 dzU 4 Bw D”PZvi gynZvwmg Gi IRb K ms‡e`x L MÖwš’
M wb‡WvmvBU N B›Uviw÷wkqvj
22. DÏxcK Abymv‡i F2 Rby‡Z mv`v I iwOb
65 †KwR Zuvi BMI KZ kg/m2?
K 23.50 L 24.01 16. A‰iwLK †cwk cvIqv hvq Gi AbycvZ n‡jv
K Rivqy bvwj‡Z L wRnŸvq K9t7 L3t1
M 24.80 N 25.15
M ga¨”Q`v N Mjwe‡j M 2 t 1 N 13 t 3
 mwVK DËi : 24.59
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 17 I 18 bs 23. †ncvwib ÿiYKvix i³KwYKv †KvbwU?
8. Av½ywj †cvbvi eqmmxgv n‡jv
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K BIwm‡bvwdj L wbD‡Uªvwdj
K 1 †_‡K 3 w`b
M †e‡mvwdj N †_ªv‡¤^vmvBU
L 3 w`b †_‡K 8 w`b
24. G‡±v_vwg©K cÖvYx †KvbwU?
M 9 w`b †_‡K 30 w`b
K †`v‡qj L †mvbv e¨vO
N 31 w`b †_‡K 45 w`b
M i‡qj †e½j UvBMvi N wMwbwcM
9. DfPi‡`i hyM ejv nq 17. DÏxc‡Ki MVbwU‡Z we`¨gvb M¨vm n‡jv 25. Uvqvwjb wbtm„Z nq †KvbwU †_‡K?
i. Devonian i. O2
K hK…Z L AMœ¨vkq
ii. Carboniferous ii. N2
iii. Permian iii. H2 M jvjvMÖ w š’ N cvK¯’jx
 40

ˆmU : N h‡kvi †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq20 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb15
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej
c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU †`L Ges 1 I 2 bs cÖ‡kœi 9. DÏxc‡Ki `¤úwZi mšÍvb¸‡jv n‡Z cv‡i 18. DÏxc‡K e¨en„Z GbRvBg †KvbwU?
DËi `vI : i. 50% †g‡q eY©vÜ K †ccwmb L †iwbb
ii. 50% †g‡q evnK M wUªcwmb N KvB‡gvwUªcwmb
iii. 50% †Q‡j eY©vÜ 19. †KvbwU Avnv‡ii ci †Kv‡bv cwieZ©b
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? QvovB mivmwi †`‡n †kvwlZ nq?
P
Q
K i I ii L i I iii K LwbR jeY L Avwgl
1. DÏxc‡K ÔPÕ wPwýZ AskwUi bvg Kx? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M wjwcW N kK©iv
K UªvwKqv L eª¼vm 10. gvby‡li nv‡Zi mv‡_ mgms¯’ A½  wb‡Pi wPÎwU †`L Ges 20 I 21 bs cÖ‡kœi
M eªw¼Ij i. cÖRvcwZi Wvbv DËi `vI :
N A¨vjwfIjvi bvwj ii. mxj Gi wd¬cvi C

2. DÏxc‡Ki ÔQÕ wPwýZ As‡k iii. cvwLi Wvbv †fw›UªKj

i. †¯‹vqvgvm Gwc‡_wjqvg _v‡K wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
B
K i I ii L i I iii
ii. mvi‡dKU¨v›U wbtm„Z nq
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii A
iii. M¨vmxq wewbgq N‡U
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 11. wkLv †Kvl bvgK †iPb A½ cvIqv hvq
20. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ ÔAÕ Ges ÔBÕ Gi bvg Kx?
†Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z?
K i I ii L i I iii K A¨vwUªqvg Ges †f›Uªvj A¨vIU©v
K Cnidaria L Platyhelminthes
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M Nematoda N Mollusca L A¨vwUªqvg Ges evj¦vm AvU©vwiImvm
3. A¨vjwfIjv‡mi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ bq †KvbwU? 12. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z Aixq cÖwZmvg¨Zv †`Lv hvq? M mvBbvm †f‡bvmvm Ges evj¦vm
K dzmdz‡mi MVb I Kv‡Ri GKK K †Rwjwdm L kvgyK AvU©vwiImvm
L cvj‡gvbvwi wkiv †_‡K G‡`i DrcwË M gvbyl N cÖRvcwZ N mvBbvm †f‡bvmvm Ges A¨vwUªqvg
M G‡`i cÖvPx‡i †Kvjv‡Rb I w¯’wZ¯’vcK 13. BD‡ivKvW©vUv Dcc‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z 21. DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Îi A½wUi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv
Zš‘ _v‡K i. jvf©v `kvq †Kej †j‡R b‡UvKW© _v‡K i. ïay O2 hy³ i³ cwienb K‡i
N G‡`i cÖvPxi Pvcv I †¯‹vqvgvm ii. †`n wUDwbK bvgK Av”Qv`‡b Ave„Z ii. i³ cÖevn GKgyLx ai‡bi
Gwc‡_wjqvj †Kvl MwVZ iii. †`‡ni A¼xq †`‡k Iivj ûW _v‡K iii. ïay CO2 hy³ i³ cwienb K‡i
4. A¨vw·m K‡kiæKvi ˆewkó¨ †KvbwU? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K Aw¯’wU †`L‡Z AvswUi g‡Zv K i I ii L i I iii K i I ii L i I iii
L †m›Uªvg I ¯úvBbvj cÖ‡mm Abycw¯’Z M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M †m›Uªv‡gi m¤§yL cÖv‡šÍ I‡Wv‡›Uv‡qW  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 14 I 15 bs 22. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
cÖ‡mm _v‡K cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K SA †bvW AV †bvW evÛj Ae
N fvwU©eªvj †dviv‡gb eo I †MvjvKvi gvby‡li D`i MnŸ‡i euvKv‡bv _wji g‡Zv GKwU wnR  cviwKwÄ Zš‘
5. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Nvmdwos Gi ¯¿x Rbb A½ we`¨gvb hv Lv`¨ cwicv‡K wb‡qvwRZ|
L SA †bvW AV †bvW cviwKwÄ
Z‡š¿i Ask? 14. DÏxc‡Ki A½wU‡Z †Kvb ai‡bi †Kvl _v‡K?
Zš‘  evÛj Ae wnR
K fvm wWdv‡iÝ K c¨vivBUvj †Kvl L Avjdv †Kvl
M Me‡jU †Kvl N weUv †Kvl M AV †bvW SA †bvW cviwKwÄ
L †mwgbvj †fwmKj
M ¯úvg©vw_Kv N †ÿcb bvwj 15. DÏxc‡Ki A½wU Lv`¨ cwicvK K‡i Zš‘  evÛj Ae wnR
6. iæB gv‡Qi n„rwc‡Ði †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ †KvbwU? i. Avwgl N AV †bvW evÛj Ae wnR SA
K `ywU Awj›` I GKwU wbjq _v‡K ii. kK©iv †bvW  cviwKwÄ Zš‘
L mvBbvm †f‡bvmvm Abycw¯’Z iii. Pwe© 23. i³ RgvU euva‡Z †Kvb avZe Avqb
M CO2 hy³ i³ cÖevwnZ nq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? mnvqZv K‡i?
N †Kvbvm AvU©vwiImvm we`¨gvb K i I ii L i I iii K Ca++ L Mg++
++
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M Cu N Fe++
7. Gw›UewWnxb i³MÖæc †KvbwU?
KA LB 16. Hydra-i M¨v‡÷ªvWvwg©‡mi †Kvl †KvbwU? 24. jwmKvi KvR n‡”Q
M AB NO K wb‡WvmvBU L Rbb †Kvl i. wjwcW cwienb
M cy w ó †Kvl N c¨vivBUvj †Kvl ii. †`‡ni cÖwZiÿv
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 8 I 9 bs
17. i †`‡ni fvi Kwl© K vi Dci ¯’ v cb iii. †ivM cÖwZ‡iva ÿgZv e„w×
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : Hydra-
ivwKe I mywg `¤úwZi g‡a¨ mywg eY©vÜZvi K‡i Kwl©Kv‡K cv‡qi g‡Zv e¨envi K‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
Pjv‡K Kx e‡j? K i I ii L i I iii
evnK|
K nuvUv L muvZvi M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
8. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K mywgi wR‡bvUvBc n‡e 25. k¦ mbZ‡š¿ i †Kvb As‡k GwcMøwUm Aew¯’Z?
K X+X+ L X+Xc M nvgvMwo N MøvBwWs
MXX c c
N XX GbRvBg K k¦ v mbvwj L ¯^ihš¿
†Kwmb + cvwb  c¨viv‡Kwmb
M Mjwej N †fmwUweDj
 41

ˆmU : M Kzwgjøv †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq20 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb15
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej
c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
1. ÔIwUwUm wgwWqvÕ †Kvb A‡½i †ivM? 7. mšÍv‡bi wR‡bvUvBc Kx n‡e? 16. †Kvb cÖvYxwU K‡W©U wKš‘ †giæ`Ðx bq?
t t t c
K †PvL L bvK K X X L X X K Astropecten L Ascidia
t c
M Kvb N Mjv M X Y N X Y M Petromyzon N Scoliodon

 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 2 I 3 bs

8. mvwKj mv‡n‡ei ¯¿xi m¤¢ve¨ wR‡bvUvBc 17. wnc‡bvUw·b †Kvb †Kv‡l _v‡K?
n‡e K cywó †Kvl L wb‡WvmvBU
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
A B i. X t t
X M B›Uviw÷wkqvj N MÖwš’ †Kvl
ii. XtXc 18. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
Wvb wbjq C
iii. XcXc
2. wP‡Î C cÖ‡KvôwU K GwcWvwg©m åƒYxq G‡±vWvg© †_‡K
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
i. evg wbjq Drcbœ nq
K i I ii L i I iii
ii. me‡P‡q †ewk cyiæ‡Z¡i L M¨v‡÷ªvWvwg©m åƒYxq G‡±vWvg© †_‡K
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
iii. †fbvK¨vfvi mv‡_ mshy³ Drcbœ nq
9. Archaeopteryx †_‡K †Kvb †kÖwYi DrcwË
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M wm‡j‡›Uib M¨v‡÷ªvWvwg©m Øviv Ave„Z
n‡q‡Q?
K i I ii L i I iii N wm‡j‡›Uib wm‡jvwgK Zij Øviv c~Y©
K Osteichthyes L Amphibia
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M Reptilia N Aves _v‡K
3. wb‡Pi †Kvb Z_¨wU mwVK? 10. mixm„‡ci hyM ejv nq †Kvb gnvKvj‡K? 19. Nvmdwos Gi †`n KqwU A‡j wef³?
K A Ges Wvb wbj‡qi ms‡hvM¯’‡j _v‡K K AvwK© I ‡RvwqK K2 L3

evBKvmwcW KcvwUKv L †cÖvUv‡iv‡RvwqK M4 N5

L A Ges B Gi Wvqv‡÷v‡j mgq jv‡M M †g‡mv‡RvwqK 20. cyÄvwÿi GKK †KvbwU?

0.7 †m‡KÛ N c¨vwjI‡RvwqK K Aw÷qv L ¯úvBivKj

M A Ges B Gi wm‡÷v‡j mgq jv‡M 0.6 11. cÖ v K… w ZK wbe© v Pb gZev`‡K Kx ejv nq? M I‡mwj N IgvwUwWqvg

†m‡KÛ K j¨vgvwK©Rg 21. iæB gv‡Q cÖvß AuvB‡ki bvg Kx?

N Wvb wbjq Ges C Gi Wvqv‡÷v‡j L WviDBwbRg K mvBKø‡qW L wUb‡qW

mgq jv‡M 0.1 †m‡KÛ M be¨-j¨vgvwK© R g M cø v K‡qW N M¨vb‡qW

4. gvbe‡`‡n me‡P‡q eo Aw¯’i bvg Kx? N A¨vëªyBRg 22. hK…‡Z MøvB‡Kv‡Rb mÂq‡K Kx e‡j?
K †÷wcm L †iwWqvm 12. ÔwkLv †KvlÕ †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i K MøvB‡Kv‡R‡bwmm

M wnD‡givm N wdgvi ˆewkó¨? L MøvB‡KvjvBwmm

5. †nv‡gvRvBMvm cÖKU ˆewk‡ó¨i K Cnidaria L Platyhelminthes M MøvB‡Kv‡R‡bvjvBwmm

M Nematoda N Mollusca N Mø‡y KvwbI‡R‡bwmm
wR‡bvUvBc
13. B›UviK¨v‡j‡UW wW¯‹ cvIqv hvq †Kvb 23. †KvbwU kK©iv cwicvKKvix GbRvBg?
i. TT
ii. Tt †cwk‡Z? K Uvqvwjb L †ccwmb
iii. tt K gm„Y †cwk L K¼vj †cwk
M wUªcwmb N jvB‡cR
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M KvwW©qvK †cwk N Hw”QK †cwk
24. wb‡Pi †KvbwU dzmdz‡mi GKK?
Ki L ii 14. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wØåæY¯Íix cÖvYx? K wbDib L †bd«b
M iii N i I ii K Hydra L Taenia
M A¨vjwfIjvm N eªw¼Dj
6. †KvbwU WvBnvBweªW µ‡mi AbycvZ? M Fasciola N Hirudo
K2:1 L3:1 15. Scypha 25. cÖkv¦ m ev k¦vmMÖn‡Yi mgq N‡U
M1:2:1 N9:3:3:1 i. Porifera c‡e©i cÖvYx i. Wvqvd«vg †cwki ms‡KvPb

 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 7 I 8 bs ii. Aixq cÖwZmvg¨ cÖ`k©b K‡i ii. B›Uvi‡Kv÷vj †cwki ms‡KvPb

cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : iii. ¯úÄwmj bvgK †`nMnŸihy³ iii. eÿMnŸ‡ii AvqZb e„w×

mvwKj mv‡ne ¯^vfvweK `„wóm¤úbœ cyiæl| wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
wKš‘ Dbvi GKgvÎ cyÎ eY©vÜ| (eY©ÜZvi K i I ii L i I iii K i I ii L i I iii

Rb¨ `vqx wRb X , ¯^vfvweK wRb X )

c t M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 42

ˆmU : M PÆMÖvg †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq20 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb15
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej
c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
1. iæB gv‡Qi †ÿ‡Î ms‡e`x A½ _v‡K? 9. cÖkv¦ m wµqvi mgq 18. A¨vjwfIjvm cvIqv hvq?
K KvbKzqvq i. Wvqvd«vg wb¤œMvgx nq K n„rwc‡Ð L gw¯Í‡®‹
L cUKvq ii. B›Uvi‡Kv÷vj †cwk msKzwPZ nq M e„ ‡° N dzmdz‡m
M cvk¦‡© iLvq iii. ck©yKv¸‡jv Dc‡ii w`‡K D‡ËvwjZ nq 19. WviDB‡bi (cÖK…Zc‡ÿ j¨vgvK© n‡e)
N eªvw¼I‡÷Mvj c`©vq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? gZev` Abyhvqx wRiv‡di Mjv j¤^v nIqvi
2. M¨vw÷ªK i‡m †Kvb¸‡jv we`¨gvb? K i I ii L i I iii KviY
K †ccwmb, †iwbb, wgDwmb
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii i. Mjvi µg e¨envi
L wUªcwmb, †iwbb, jvB‡cR
10. nv‡Zi mÂvj‡b †h †cwk mnvqZv Ki ii. Mjvi ˆ`‡N©¨i cÖmviY
M †ccwmb, wUªcwmb, jvB‡cR
i. evB‡mcm †cwk iii. cÖvK…wZK wbe©vPb
N †ccwmb, wUªcwmb, †iwbb
ii. UªvB‡mcm †cwk wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
 wb‡Pi Z_¨ †_‡K 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
iii. †WjU‡qW †cwk K i I ii L i I iii
`vI :
'X' Mø‡y KvR wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
MøvB‡Kv‡Rb 
K i I ii L i I iii 20. cÖvwYRM‡Zi wØZxq e„nËg ce©wU n‡jv
3. DÏxc‡Ki 'X' cÖwµqvwU n‡jv
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K †bgv‡UvWv L A¨vwbwjWv
K MøvB‡Kv‡R‡bvjvBwmm
11. †g‡Û‡ji cÖ_g m~‡Îi e¨wKZµg bq M †gvjv¯‹ v N Av‡_©ªv‡cvWv
L MøvB‡KvjvBwmm
M Mø‡y KvwbI‡R‡bwmm
†KvbwU? 21. gvby‡li †bgv‡UvWNwUZ †ivM
N MøvB‡Kv‡R‡bwmm K Am¤ú~ Y © cÖ K UZv L NvZK Rxb i. wUwbqvwmm
4. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwU DÏxwcZ nq wb‡¤œi M cwic~ i K Rxb N mg cÖ K UZv ii. dvB‡jwiqvwmm
†Kvb ni‡gvb Øviv? 12. gvby‡ li eÿ Aw¯’ P µ MwVZ nq iii. A¨vmKvwiqvwmm
K MøyKvMb L M¨vw÷ªb i. GK‡Rvov ¯‹¨vcyjv wb‡q wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M wUªcwmb N Bbmywjb ii. GK‡Rvov g¨vbyweªqvg wb‡q K i I ii L i I iii
5. KvwW©qvK P‡µi †Kvb `kvwU iii. GK‡Rvov Kø¨vwfKj wb‡q M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e †ewk `xN©¯’vqx? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 22. wb‡¤œ i †KvbwU wW¤^ R ivqy R cÖvYx?
K Awj‡›`i wm‡÷vj K i I ii L i I iii K e¨vO L cvwL
L Awj‡›`i Wvqv‡÷vj M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M Kz w gi N nv½i
M wbj‡qi wm‡÷vj 13. eskMwZwe`¨vi RbK †K? 23. nvBWªvi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
N wbj‡qi Wvqv‡÷vj K Pvj©m ievU© WviDBb i. Aixq cÖwZmvg¨
6. n„`‡cwk‡Z i³ mÂvjb n«vm †c‡j ey‡Ki L Ru¨v e¨vcwU÷ `¨v j¨vgvK© ii. †Kvqv‡bvmvBU †Kvl
gvSLv‡b †h e¨_v Abyf‚Z nq, Zv‡K M †MÖMi †Rvnvb †g‡Ûj iii. wm‡j‡›Uib
K A¨vwi_wgqv L K‡ivbvwi _ª‡¤^vwmm N †R. †MÖMi †g‡Ûj wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M gv‡qvKvwW©qvj BbdvK©kb K I L i I iii
14. †Kvb i³MÖæc enbKvix e¨w³‡K Òmve©Rbxb i ii
N A¨vbRvBbv †cK‡Uvwim M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
`vZvÓ ejv nq?
7. KvwW©qvK P‡µi Awj‡›`i Wvqv‡÷vj `kvq KA LB  wb‡Pi wPÎwU †_‡K 24 I 25 bs cÖ‡kœi
N‡U MO N AB DËi `vI :
i. evBKvmwcW I UªvBKvmwcW KcvwUKv 15. gvby‡li †gi`‡Ð jv¤^vi K‡kiæKvi msL¨v
eÜ nq K4 L5
ii. ˆewkó¨c~Y© n„`aŸwb ÔWveÕ m„wó nq M6 N7
iii. CO2 mg„× i³ †fbvK¨vfv w`‡q Wvb 24. DÏxc‡Ki †iPb A½wUi bvg
16. Rvg©cøvRg gZev` cÖeZ©b K‡ib
Awj‡›` cÖ‡ek K‡i K g¨vjwcwRqvb bvwjKv
K f¨vBRg¨vb L WviDBb
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? L †b‡d«wWqv
M nv·‡j N j¨vgvK©
K i I ii L i I iii M UªvwKqvj Zš¿ N UªvwKIj
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
17. wn‡gvwdwjK cyiæl I ¯^vfvweK gwnjvi
25. DwjøwLZ A½wU
8. gvby‡li k¦mbZš¿ msµvšÍ †ivM cÖRb‡b (F1) mšÍvb n‡e i. cwicvK bvwj‡Z Dš§y³
i. wbD‡gvwbqv i. wn‡gvwdwjK evnK Kb¨v
ii. wn‡gvwmj n‡Z wecvKxq eR©¨ msMÖn K‡i
ii. wjD‡Kwgqv ii. ¯^vfvweK cyÎ iii. gvB‡µvwfjvB mw¤§wjZfv‡e eªvk eW©vi
iii. GgdvB‡mgv iii. wn‡gvwdwjK cyÎ MVb K‡i
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii K i I ii L i I iii K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 43

ˆmU : L wm‡jU †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq20 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb15
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej
c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
1. †Kvb Aw¯’‡Z Ry¸jvi bP _v‡K? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 17. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z †cwiwngvjZš¿ _v‡K?
K wnD‡givm L ÷vb©vg K i I ii L i I iii K Annelida L Arthropoda
M ¯‹¨vcyjv N K¬¨vwfKj M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M Echinodermata N Chordata
2. evevi i‡³i MÖæc AB Ges gv‡qi i‡³i 9. †Kvb cÖvYx‡Z Aixq wK¬‡fR N‡U? 18. †Kvb K‡kiæKvi †m›Uª vg e„° AvK…wZi?
MÖæc O n‡j Zv‡`i mšÍvb‡`i g‡a¨ wcZv K Nvmdwos L wSbyK K mvifvBKvj L †_vivwmK
gvZvi i‡³i MÖæc nevi m¤¢vebv KZUzKz? M †Ku‡Pv N kvgyK M jv¤^vi N m¨vµvg
K 0% L 25%  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 10 I 11 bs 19. n„ r wc‡Ði Awj‡›`i Wvqv‡÷v‡ji mgqKvj
M 75% N 100% cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : KZ †m‡KÛ?
3. K‡ivwUi †Kvb wQ‡`ªi ga¨ w`‡q Spinal kwdK mv‡n‡ei i³víZvi mgm¨vi Rb¨ K 0.7 L 0.5
cord cÖmvwiZ nq? Wv³vi i³ cixÿv K‡i ej‡jb, Avcwb M 0.3 N 0.1
K UªvÝfvm© †dviv‡gb †h‡Kv‡bv my¯’ †jv‡Ki i³ wb‡Z cv‡ib| 20. †Kvb cÖ v Yx‡Z cÖ Z xc iƒcvšÍ i N‡U?
L AeUz‡iUi †dviv‡gb K Ascidia mentula
10. kwdK mv‡n‡ei i‡³i MÖæc †KvbwU?
L Eusphyrna blochii
M †dviv‡gb g¨vMbvg KA LB
M Myxine glutinosa
N B›Uvi fvwU©eªvj †dviv‡gb M AB NO
N Neoceratodus frosteri
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 4 I 5 bs 11. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ mgm¨v wb‡¤œi †Kvb
21. Nvmdwos-Gi †`‡ni KZZg LЇKi
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : Dcv`vb K‡g †M‡j nq?
÷vb©vg cÖjw¤^Z n‡q mve‡RwbUvj †cøU MVb
GKRb wb‡MÖv I GKRb †k¦Zv½ gwnjvi K †k¦Z i³KwYKv
K‡i?
we‡q n‡jv| wKš‘ F1 Rby‡Z me mšÍvb‡`i L †jvwnZ i³KwYKv
K 8g L 9g
Mv‡qi eY© GKB n‡jI F2 Rby‡Z wewfbœ M AYyPwµKv
M 10g N 11Zg
Mv‡qi e‡Y©i mšÍvb Rš§ wb‡jv| N †ncvwib
22. k¦m‡b mnvqZvKvix ¯œvqy
4. DÏxc‡Ki F1 Rby‡Z me mšÍv‡biv Kx 12. †Kvb cÖvYxi †`‡n UwUc‡U›U cÖK…wZi †Kvl
cvIqv hvq? i. †fMvm
ai‡bi n‡e?
K Hydra L Labeo ii. †d«wbK
K wb‡MÖv L wgDj¨v‡Uv
M Pila N Poekilocerus iii. B›Uvi †Kv÷vj
M †k¦ZKvq N nvjKv Kv‡jv
13. Hydra-i †Kvb ai‡bi Pjb‡K †RuvKv Pjb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
5. DÏxc‡K wewfbœ e‡Y©i mšÍvb Rš§v‡bvi
e‡j? K i I ii L i I iii
KviY Kx?
K MøvBwWs L mgvimwës M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K cwjwRb
M jywcs N nuvUv 23. mycvicwRkb cÖwZwe‡¤^
L Gwc֬vwmm
M mve fvBUvj wRb  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 14 I 15 bs i. g„`y Av‡jv e¨envi nq
N wj_vj wRb cÖ‡ kœ i DËi `vI : ii. wZh©K I Djw¤^K Dfq Av‡jv `iKvi
6. m¤§yL KvwW©bvj wkiv iæB gv‡Qi †h AÂj P iii. e¯‘i wfbœ wfbœ As‡ki c„_K I my¯úó

n‡Z i³ msMÖn K‡i Q cÖwZwe¤^ ˆZwi nq

i. Pÿz †MvjK wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ii. bvmv AÂj K i I ii L i I iii
iii. nvBI‡qW AÂj R M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? S 24. k¦mbZ‡š¿i †Kvb As‡k Ajd¨v±ix †Kvl
K i I ii L i I iii 14. DÏxc‡Ki †Kvb A‡½ c¨v‡b_ †Kvl cvIqv _v‡K?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii hvq? K †fw÷weDj L bvmvMnŸi
7. †Kvb †iv‡M n„rwcÐ eo n‡q hvq? KP LQ
M cðvr bvmviܪ N bvmvMjwej
MR NS
K wiDg¨vwUK n„`‡ivM
15. DÏxc‡Ki R wPwýZ Ask n‡Z †KvbwU 25. k¦vm‡K›`ª gw¯Í‡®‹i †h As‡k _v‡K
L †cwiKvW©vBwUm
wbtm„Z nq bv? i. cbm
M KvwW©I gv‡qvc¨vw_
K g‡ëR L wUªcwmb ii. †m‡i †ejvg
N KvwW©I †gMvwj
M jvB‡cR N †iwbb iii. †gWzjv AejsMvUv
8. wm‡µwUb
16. iæB gv‡Qi cUKv‡Z †Kvb M¨vm _v‡K bv? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
i. M¨vw÷ªK im wbtmiY eÜ K‡i
K Aw·‡Rb L bvB‡Uªv‡Rb K i I ii L i I iii
ii. AMœ¨vkq im wbtmiY‡K wbqš¿Y K‡i
M nvB‡Wª v ‡Rb N Kve© b Wv-A·vBW M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
iii. wWI‡Wbv‡gi wgD‡Kvmv †_‡K ÿwiZ nq
 44

ˆmU : M ewikvj †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq20 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb15
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej
c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
1. †cwiwUªg †KvbwU‡Z Ae¯’vb K‡i? 10. DÏxc‡K O2 hy³ i‡³i MwZc_ n‡jv  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 17 I 18 bs
K ¯úvBivK‡j L UªvwKqvq i. O-dzmdzm cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M UªvwKIj †Kv‡l N UªvwKI‡j nvmvb mgy`ª ˆmK‡Z †R‡j‡`i Kv‡Q nv½i
ii. dzmdzm-N
2. Nvm dwos Gi n„rwc‡Ði cÖ‡Kvô KqwU? I Bwjk gvQ msMÖn Kij|
iii. P-†`n
K2 L3 17. DÏxc‡Ki 1g gvQwU †Kvb †kÖwYfz³?
M4 N7
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K Actinopterygii L Sarcopterygii
 DÏxcKwU co Ges 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi K i I ii L i I iii M Chondrichthyes N Cyclostomata
`vI : M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 18. DÏxc‡Ki gvQ `ywU‡K c„_K Kivi wfwË n‡jv
A †cc‡Uvb 11. mvi‡dKU¨v›U †KvbwU‡Z cvIqv hvq? i. AšÍtK¼vj
c¨vivK¨vwmb 
ii. Avevm ¯’j
3. DÏxc‡K A wb‡Pi †KvbwU? K eªw¼I‡j L A¨vjwfIjv‡m
iii. cy”Q cvLbv
K †iwbb L wUªcwmb M UªvwKqvq N eª¼v‡m
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M †ccwmb N WvB‡ccUvB‡WR 12. k¦vmbvwji msµgYRwbZ †ivM n‡jv
K i I ii L i I iii
4. DÏxc‡Ki wewµqvwU †Kvb i‡mi gva¨‡g
i. mvBbymvBwUm M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
N‡U?
ii. j¨vwibRvBwUm 19. k¦vmbvwj‡Z †Kvb ai‡bi ZiæYvw¯’ †`Lv hvq?
K jvjv L M¨vw÷ªK
iii. eª¼vBwUm K nvqvwjb L cxZZš‘gq
M Avwš¿K N AMœ¨vkq
M †k¦ZZš‘gq N K¨vjwmdvBW
5. eûfzRvKvi †Kvl †`Lv hvq †KvbwU‡Z? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
20. gvby‡li wbw®µq A½ †KvbwU?
K cvK¯’jx‡Z L ÿz`ªv‡š¿ K i I ii L i I iii
K Wvqvd«vg L cøxnv
M hK…‡Z N AMœ¨vk‡q M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M Kw°· N KY©vw¯’
6. iæB gv‡Qi AhyM¥ cvLbv Kq ai‡bi? 13. Aw¯’i AveiYxi bvg Kx? 21. eY©vÜZvq AvµvšÍ Kb¨vi evev gv n‡jv
K2 L3
K †cwiAw÷qvg L †cwiKwÛªqvg K ¯^vfvweK gv I eY©vÜ evev
M4 N5 L evnK gv I ¯^vfvweK evev
M †cwiKvwW©qvg N wcøDiv
7. A¨vdv‡i›U (Afferent) agwb n‡jv M evnK gv I eY©vÜ evev
14. gvby‡li e„nËg Aw¯’i Ask †KvbwU?
i. n„rwcÐ †_‡K dzjKvq i³ enb K‡i N eY©vÜ gv I ¯^vfvweK evev
K wUDevK©j L KÛvBj
ii. CO2 hy³ i³ enb K‡i 22. Volvox-G †Kvb ai‡bi cÖwZmvg¨ †`Lv hvq?
iii. O2 hy³ i³ enb K‡i M UªKwjqv N †Wë‡qW wiR K †Mvjxq L Aixq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 15 I 16 bs M wØ-cvk¦©xq N AcÖwZmvg¨
K i I ii L i I iii cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 23 I 24 bs
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
jvj dzj  mv`v dzj
8. †ncvwib wbtm„Z nq †KvbwU n‡Z? Avwei cyKz‡ii cvwb‡Z wPswo I iæB gvQ
 †`L‡Z †cj|
K wj‡çvmvBU L wbD‡Uªvwdj
M BIwm‡bvwdj N †e‡mvwdj  23. DÏxc‡Ki 1g cÖvYx‡Z wb‡Pi †KvbwU
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 9 I 10 bs F1  †Mvjvcx we`¨gvb?
K †`nZ¡&K AuvB‡k Ave„Z
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 15. DÏxc‡Ki µm‡K Kx ejv nq?
L mwÜc`x
K wj_vj Rxb L mgcÖKUZv M †iPb A½ †bwd«wWqv
M N M cwic~iK N Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv N g¨v‡›Uj Øviv †`n Ave„Z

†`n dz m dz m 16. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K F 2 Rvby ‡Z GKB 24. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ cÖvYxwUi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv
O P
Abycv‡Zi dzj n‡jv i. AšÍ t K¼vj ZiæYvw¯’ wbwg©Z
ii. †`nZ¡K AuvB‡k Ave„Z
i. †Mvjvcx
iii. cy”Q cvLbv †nv‡gvmvK©vj
ii. jvj wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
9. DÏxc‡Ki N I P Gi gv‡S †Kvb KcvwUKv
we`¨gvb? iii. mv`v K i I ii L i I iii
K evBKvmwcW wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
L UªvBKvmwcW K i I ii L i I iii 25. †Kvb †Kvl Hydra-i Rbbv½ m„wó K‡i?
M A¨vIwU©K †mwgjybvi M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K †cwk AveiYx L MÖ w š’
N cvj‡gvbvwi †mwgjybvi M ÿYc`xq N B›Uviw÷wkqvj
 45

ˆmU : L w`bvRcyi †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq20 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb15
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej
c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
1. †KvbwU Avwgl cwicvKKvix GbRvBg? 9. AMœ¨vkq †_‡K wbtm„Z ni‡gvb †KvbwU? 17. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖvYx‡Z c„ô cvLbv Abycw¯’Z?
K A¨vgvB‡jR L g‡ëR K Bbmywjb I Aw·‡Uvwmb K n¨vMwdk L j¨vg‡cÖ
M †KvjvwR‡bR N jvB‡cR L †mvgv‡Uv÷¨vwUb I †Wvcvwgb M nvOi N jvswdk
2. A¨vjwfDIjv‡m wWUvi‡R‡›Ui gZ ÿwiZ M Mø K
y vMb I Aw·‡Uvwmb 18. G‡±v_vwg© K i³wewkó cÖvYx †KvbwU?
ivmvqwbK c`v‡_©i bvg Kx? N Bbmy w jb I Mø K
y vMb K Key Z i L cøvwUcvm
K wgDKvm L mvi‡dKU¨v›U 10. me© c Ö _ g 'Genetics' kã †K cÖ P jb K‡ib? M Kz w gi N Wjwdb
M wWUvi‡R›U N MøywUb¨v›U K †g‡Ûj L Kvj© K‡iÝ 19. ÔcøvK‡qWÕ AuvBk cvIqv hvq †Kvb
M DBwjqvg †eUmb N û‡Mv `¨v wåm †kÖwYfz³ cÖvYx‡Z?
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 3 I 4 bs
11. Hydra j¤^v `~iZ¡ AwZµg Kivi Rb¨ †Kvb K Actinopterygii L Sarcopterygii
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M Chondrichthyes N Amphibia
Pjb m¤úbœ K‡i?
K mgvimwës L MøvBwWs 20. A¨vwUª qv‡gi wm‡÷v‡ji mgqKvj KZ
M µwjs N jywcs †m‡KÛ?
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 12 I 13 K 0.7 L 0.5
bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M 0.3 N 0.1
wPÎ-P
21. Aw¯’i gvZ…Kvq †Kvb †Kvl _v‡K?
3. wPÎ 'P' †Kvb cÖKv‡ii †bgv‡Uvwm÷?
K Aw÷Ieøv÷ I Aw÷ImvBU
K w÷‡bvwUj
L Aw÷Ieøv÷ I K‡ÛªvmvBU
L fj‡f›U
12. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †cwki bvg Kx? M K‡ÛªvmvBU I Aw÷ImvBU
M †÷wiIwjb MøywUb¨v›U
K evB‡mcm L KvwW©qvK N K‡ÛªvwgDK‡qW I Kb‡WªvA¨vjeyb‡qW
N †÷ªc‡Uvwjb MøywUb¨v›U
M UªvB‡mcm N gm„Y 22. ÔAwR©Z ˆewk‡ó¨i DËivwaKviÕ Kvi gZev`?
4. 'P' Gi KvR n‡jv 13. DÏxc‡Ki †cwki ˆewkó¨ n‡jv K Pvj©m ievU© WviDBb
i. wkKvi‡K AuvK‡o aiv i. B›UviK¨v‡j‡UW wW¯‹ _v‡K L Av‡b©÷ †n‡Kj
ii. wnc‡bvUw·b aviY Kiv ii. wbDwK¬qvmwU †Kv‡li †K‡›`ª _v‡K M AMv÷ fvBRg¨vb
iii. wkKv‡ii †`‡n m~ÎK we× Kiv iii. gv‡qvdvBweªj ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_ wg‡j N R¨v e¨vcwU÷ `¨ j¨vgvK©
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? †bU ˆZwi K‡i  wb‡Pi DÏxcK jÿ Ki Ges 23 I 24 bs
K i I ii L i I iii wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? cÖ‡ kœ i DËi `vI :
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K i I ii L i I iii
5. †Kb 9 : 3 : : 3 : 1 bv n‡q 13 : 3 M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
A
n‡q‡Q? Wvb †fw›UªKj  cvj‡gvbvwi agwb  dzmdzm B
K ˆØZ cÖ”Qbœ Gwc÷¨vwmm 14. GwU †Kvb ai‡bi msen‡bi AšÍf³ ©y ?
L Gwc÷¨vwmm K cvj‡gvbvwi L wm‡÷wgK
M cwjwRb M †ncvwUK †cvU©vj N K‡ivbvwi 23. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' wPwýZ A½wUi bvg Kx?
N wj_vjwRb  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 15 I 16 bs K wMRvW© L †ncvwUK wmKv
6. K‡ivwU‡Z KZwU Aw¯’ Av‡Q? cÖ‡ kœ i DËi `vI : M µc
K 29wU L 30wU
iænvbx jvj I meyR i‡Oi †Wªm c‡i †eov‡Z N g¨vjwcwRqvb bvwjKv
†M‡j †mvnvbxi mv‡_ †`Lv n‡jv| †mvnvbx 24. DÏxc‡Ki 'B' A½wU
M 31wU N 35wU
iænvbxi †Wª‡mi is kbv³ Ki‡Z cv‡iwb| i. †cwiUªwdK c`©v Øviv Ave„Z
7. Arthropoda c‡e©i ˆewkó¨ n‡jv 15. †mvnvbxi mgm¨vwU Kx?
i. G‡`i UªvwKqv _v‡K ii. †cÖv‡fw›UªKzjvm bv‡g cwiwPZ
K wLª÷gvm wWwRR L eY©vÜZv
ii. g¨vjwcwRqvb bvwjKv _v‡K iii. åƒYxq G‡ÛvWvg© n‡Z m„ó
M gvmKz¨jvi wW÷ªwd
iii. cvwb msenbZš¿ _v‡K bv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N eª¨vwKd¨vjvwÄ
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii
16. †mvnvbxi mgm¨vwU M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K i I ii L i I iii
i. GKwU cÖ”Qbœ wRb wbqwš¿Z
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 25. †e‡mvwd‡ji KvR n‡”Q
ii. Gi Kvi‡Y i³ RgvU †eu‡a hvIqvi
8. Nvm dwos Gi iƒcvšÍ‡ii mwVK µg †KvbwU? i. wn÷vwgb wbtm„Z Kiv
m¤¢vebv Av‡Q ii. †`‡ni A¨vjvwR©i weiæ‡× KvR Kiv
K wWg  wbç  c~Yv© ½ cÖvYx iii. Gi Kvi‡Y UªvwdK wmM&&bvj eyS‡Z bv cviv
iii. †ncvwib wbtm„Z Kiv
L wWg  jvf©v  wcDcv  Bgv‡Mv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M wWg  wcDcv  c~Yv© ½ cÖvYx K i I ii L i I iii
K i I ii L i I iii
N wWg  jvf©v  wbç  c~Yv© ½ cÖvYx M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 46

ˆmU : N gqgbwmsn †evW© 2022 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq20 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb15
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej
c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
1. †Kvb ai‡bi †k¦Z i³KwYKv cwigv‡Y 10. g¨v›Uj c`©v mnvqZv K‡i †Kvb cÖwµqvq? 18. ÔYÕ Gi Kvh©vewj cÖfvweZ nq †Kvb
†ewk _v‡K? K k¦mb L †kvlY ni‡gvb Øviv?
K wbD‡Uªvwdj L †e‡mvwdj M msenb N cwicvK K wm‡µwUb
M BIwm‡bvwdj N g‡bvmvBU  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 11bs cÖ‡kœi L M¨vw÷ªb
2. k¦m‡bi ¯œvqyweK wbqš¿‡Y †Kvb ¯œvqy f‚wgKv DËi `vI : M †Kv‡jwm‡÷vKvBwbb
iv‡L? Rbve bvBg `¤úwZi mšÍvb‡`i 50% wj½ N †mvgv‡Uv÷¨vwUb
K A¨veWz‡mÝ L BwjqvK wba©vwiZ †iv‡M AvµvšÍ Ges 50% evnK 19. ÔYÕ Gi g‡a¨ mwÂZ Zi‡ji Dcv`vb
M Ajd¨v±ix N f¨vMvm nIqvi m¤¢vebv i‡q‡Q| i. †mvwWqvg evB Kv‡e©v‡bU
3. B›UviK¨v‡j‡UW wW¯‹ mswkøó †cwki †ÿ‡Î 11. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K mšÍvbiv KLb Ggb ii. †mvwWqvg U‡iv‡Kv‡jU
cÖ‡hvR¨ †KvbwU? n‡Z cv‡i? iii. †Kv‡j‡÷ij
K mn‡RB Aemv`MÖ¯Í nq K evev AvµvšÍ, gv ¯^vfvweK wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
L ms‡KvPb-cÖmviY ¯^Ztù‚Z© L evev ¯^vfvweK, gv AvµvšÍ K i I ii L i I iii
M kvLvwenxb M evev AvµvšÍ, gv evnK M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
N wbDwK¬qvm AmsL¨ N evev-gv Df‡qB AvµvšÍ 20. iæB gv‡Q wmD‡Wveªv‡¼i mv‡_ hy³ _v‡K
4. Nvmdwos-Gi wj½ wba©viY c×wZ †KvbwU? 12. ÿz`ªv‡š¿i ÿz`ª Ask †KvbwU? †Kvb agwb?
K XX  XY L XX  XO K cvB‡jvivm L wWI‡Wbvg K AsKxq L KWvj
M ZZ  ZW N ZZ  ZO M †RRybvg N Bwjqvg M K¨v‡ivwUW N Ac_¨vjwgK
5. K‡ivbvwi agwbi ga¨ w`‡q n„`‡cwk‡Z i³ 13. gvbe‡`‡ni AKvh©Ki I AMwVZ A½ 21. cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q WviDBb-Gi gZev‡`i
cÖevn evavMÖ¯Í n‡j m„ó †iv‡Mi bvg Kx? i. Dccjøe `ye©j w`K¸‡jv wPwýZ K‡ib †K?
K A¨vbRvBbv L nvU© †dBwjDi ii. KY©‡cwk K wU GBP nv·wj L †¯úbmvi
M nvU© A¨vUvK N †÷ªvK iii. A¨v‡cbwW· M fvBRg¨vb N B. †n‡Kj
6. Nvmdwos-Gi cv‡qi Ask wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 22 I 23 bs
i. K·v K i I ii L i I iii cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
ii. wUweqv M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
iii. Uvm©vj 14. †ncvwib Kx ai‡bi ivmvqwbK c`v_©?
X
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K wj‡cv‡cÖvwUb L dm‡dv‡cÖvwUb
K i I ii L i I iii M wgD‡Kv‡cÖvwUb N d¬¨v‡fv †cÖvwUb
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 15. IwfcwRUi KZZg LЇK Ae¯’vb K‡i?
K 7g L 8g 22. DÏxc‡K †Kvb ai‡bi †Kvl Abycw¯’Z?
7. gyLgÐjxq Aw¯’
M 9g N 10g K MÖwš’‡Kvl L cywó †Kvl
i. †fvgvi
16. wn‡gvwmjhy³ ce© M ms‡e`x †Kvl N ¯œvqy †Kvl
ii. c¨v‡jUvBb
iii. c¨vivBUvj
i. Mollusca 23. ÔXÕ wPwýZ †Kvl
ii. Annelida
i. e„nr wbDwK¬qvmhy³
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? iii. Arthropoda
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? ii. Ab¨‡Kv‡l iƒcvšÍwiZ nq
K i I ii L i I iii
K i I ii L i I iii iii. cwicv‡K mvnvh¨ K‡i
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
8. Nvmdwos Gi Kcv‡ji PIov Ask‡K Kx M ii I iii N i, ii I iii wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
17. wcDweK wmgdvBwm‡m †Kvb ai‡bi K i I ii L i I iii
e‡j?
K K¬vBwcqvm L d«Ý
ZiæYvw¯’ †`Lv hvq? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii

M †Rbv N fv‡U©·
K †k¦Z Zš‘gq L cxZ Zš‘gq 24. AVN G DÏxcbv KZ †m‡KÛ ¯’vqx _v‡K?
M K¨vjwmdvBW N nvqvwjb K 0.3 L 0.03
9. †jvwnZ i³KwYKv m„wó‡Z f‚wgKv iv‡L
†KvbwU?  wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 18 I 19 bs M 0.09 N 0.16
K wK‡Uv GwmW
cÖ‡ kœ i DËi `vI : 25. iæB gv‡Qi Mjwe‡ji cÖwZ cv‡k¦© KZ¸‡jv
L dwjK GwmW dz j Kv AvP© _v‡K?
M j¨vKwUK GwmW K2 L3
Y
N A¨vwg‡bv GwmW M4 N5
 47

XvKv †evW© 2021 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
1. gvby‡li wj½RwoZ A¯^vfvweKZv n‡jv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 19. i³ RgvU euva‡Z mnvqZv K‡i †KvbwU?
i. wn‡gvwdwjqv K i I ii L i I iii K dvBweªb L †ncvwib
ii. _¨vjv‡mwgqv M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M wn÷vwgb N wmivg
iii. gvmKzjvi wWmUªwd 10. iæB gv‡Qi eÿ cvLbvq iwk¥i msL¨v  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 20 I 21bs
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K 11  12 L 13  14 cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K i I ii L i I iii M 16  17 N 17  18wU UªvBKvmwcW I evBKvmwcW KcvwUKv e‡Üi
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 11. AMœ¨vkq †_‡K wbtm„Z nq Kvi‡Y wbjq n‡Z i³ h_vµ‡g
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU †_‡K 2 I 3bs cÖ‡kœi DËi i. M¨vw÷ªb ii. Bbmywjb iii. wUªcwmb cvj‡gvbvix I wm‡÷wgK gnvagbx‡Z hvq|
`vI : wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
20. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ NUbvwUi †ÿ‡Î wb‡Pi
K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
†KvbwU mwVK?
12. ÔbvwjKv c`Õ †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYxi Pjbv½? K Awj‡›`i Wvqv‡÷vj
K Nematoda L Annelida L Awj‡›`i wm‡÷vj
2. wb‡Pi †KvbwU DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Îi Ask? M Mollusca N Echinodermata M wbj‡qi wm‡÷vj
K Kv‡W©v L M¨vwjqv 13. jvjvMÖwš’ †_‡K wbtm„Z Dr‡mPK wb‡¤œi †KvbwU? N wbj‡qi Wvqv‡÷vj
M †g›Uvg N †÷vBcm K g‡ëR L A¨vgvB‡jR
21. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ KcvwUKv `ywU eÜ _v‡K
3. wP‡Îi Dcv½wUi †ÿ‡Î hv cÖ‡hvR¨ M j¨v‡±R N my‡µR
†h av‡c
i. Lv`¨ P‚YK © i‡Y mvnvh¨ K‡i 14. iæB gv‡Qi cÖavb cÖvK…wZK cÖRbb †ÿÎ
ii. GwU AatIô K cÙv L †gNbv i. Awj‡›`i wm‡÷vj
iii. cví we`¨gvb M KY©dzjx N nvj`v ii. Awj‡›`i Wvqv‡÷vj
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 15. XX  XO c×wZ‡Z wj½ wba©vwiZ nq iii. wbj‡qi wm‡÷vj
K i I ii L i I iii i. gvby‡l ii. Qvi‡cvKvq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii iii. dwos-G K i I ii L i I iii
 wb‡Pi cÖvß Z_¨ †_‡K 4 I 5bs cÖ‡kœi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
DËi `vI : K i I ii L i I iii 22. †Kvb¸‡jv †g‡Û‡ji cÖ_g m~‡Îi e¨wZµg?
†Kwmb + cvwb  A c¨viv‡Kwmb (B) M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
i. Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv
4. DÏxc‡Ki A wPwýZ mwµq GbRvBg  wb‡Pi DÏxcK wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 16 I
ii. Gwc֬vwmm
†KvbwU? 17bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
iii. wj_vj wRb
K †ccwm‡bv‡Rb L wUªcwmb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M M¨vw÷ªb N †iwbb
K i I ii L i I iii
5. DÏxc‡Ki B Ask fv½‡j cvIqv hvq M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K †ccUvBW L †cc‡Uvb 16. DÏxc‡Ki †iPb A½wUi bvg
K gvjwcwRqvb bvwjKv L †bwd«wWqv
23. AwR© Z ˆewk‡ó¨i DËivwaKvi gZev`wU Kvi
M A¨vwg‡bv GwmW N d¨vwU GwmW
M wkLv †Kvl N gvjwcwRqvb ewW †`qv?
6. †bwd«wWqv †Kvb Z‡š¿i mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z?
17. DÏxc‡Ki A½wU K Pvj©m WviDBb
K †iPb L k¦mb
i. cwicvK bvjx‡Z Dš§y³ L R¨v e¨vcwU÷ jvgvK©
M cwicvK N msenb
ii. wn‡gvwmj n‡Z wecvKxq eR©¨ msMÖn K‡i M AvM÷ fvBRg¨vb
7. BD‡ivKW©vUv Dcc‡e©i ˆewkó¨
iii. gvB‡µvwfjvB mw¤§wjZfv‡e eªvk eW©vi N û‡Mv `¨ wåm
i. †`n wUDwbK Øviv Ave„Z
MVb K‡i  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU †_‡K 24 I 25bs cÖ‡kœi
ii. cwiYZ cÖvYxiv wbðj
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? DËi `vI :
iii. AvRxeb b‡UvKW© Dcw¯’Z
K i I ii L i I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? `ywU Kv‡jv wMwbwc‡Mi g‡a¨ µm NUv‡bvi
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K i I ii L i I iii d‡j mv`v I Kv‡jv Dfq ai‡biB AcZ¨
18. n„rwc‡Ði gv‡qv‡RwbK n„`¯ú›`‡b we`y¨r
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii cÖev‡ni mwVK MwZc_ †KvbwU? Rš§ wbj|
8. wSbyK †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx? K SAN  AVN  cvwK©bwR Zš‘  24. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wMwbwc‡Mi gvZvwcZvi
K Platyhelminthes
evÛj Ae wnR wR‡bvUvBc Kx ai‡bi?
L Echinodermata
L SAN  cvwK© b wR Zš‘  AVN  K Bb, Bb L BB, Bb
M Annelida
N Mollusca evÛj Ae wnR M Bb, bb N BB, bb
9. Nvmdwos-Gi D`‡ii LЇK we`¨gvb M SAN  AVN  evÛj Ae wnR 25. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K Kv‡jv I mv`v
i. UvM©vg  cvwK©bwR Zš‘ Ac‡Z¨i AbycvZ KZ?
ii. ÷vb©vg N AVN  SAN  evÛj Ae wnR K1:1 L2:1
iii. wcøDib  cvwK©bwR Zš‘ M 3 : 1 N1:2
 48

ivRkvnx †evW© 2021 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
1. BMI = 30  34.9 kg/m2 n‡j gvbylwU 9. AB i‡³i MÖæ‡ci †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ 17. †cÖv‡±vwWqv‡gi Ask¸‡jv n‡jv
†Kvb †kÖwYi? i. Dfq A¨vw›U‡Rb we`¨gvb i. wMRvW©
K AwZwi³ IRb L ¯’~jZvi 1g ¯Íi ii. Dfq A¨vw›UewW Abycw¯’Z ii. Bwjqvg
M ¯’~jZvi 2q ¯Íi N ¯’~jZvi 3q ¯Íi iii. me©Rbxb MÖnxZv iii. †Kvjb
2. Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZvi †ÿ‡Î wR‡bvUvBwcK wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
AbycvZ KZ? K i I ii L i I iii K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii I N i, ii I iii
K3:1 L9:7 M ii iii
M1:2:1 N 13 : 3
10. 9 : 7 Aby c v‡Zi KviY  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 18bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
K gviY wRb L cwjwRb `vI :
3. jwmKvi KvR n‡”Q
M B›UviwgwW‡qU wRb
i. wjwcW cwienb
N Wzwcø‡KU cÖ”Qbœ wRb
ii. †`‡ni cÖwZiÿv A
11. wÎ-c`x bv‡gi cÖeZ©K †Kvb weÁvbx?
iii. †ivM cÖwZ‡iva ÿgZv e„w× K K¨v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? L `¨ j¨vgvK©
K i I ii L i I iii M wmø‡Mj N Avb©÷ gvqvi
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 12 I 13bs
18. DÏxc‡Ki A wPwýZ AskwUi bvg n‡jv
4. †KvbwU‡K †cm‡gKvi ejv nq? cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K cøyiv L †cwiKvwW©qvg
K A¨vwUªI-†fw›UKzjvi †bvW‡K
M wUDwbKv G·Uvb©v N wMømÝm K¨vcmyj
L cvwK©bwR Zš‘‡K
19. m¤ú~Y© iƒcvšÍ‡ii †ÿ‡Î wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M mvB‡bv-A¨vwUªqvj †bvW‡K
K wWg  jvf©v  wcDcv  Bgv‡Mv
N e¨v‡Ûj Ad wnR
L wWg  wcDcv  jvf©v  Bgv‡Mv
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU †_‡K 5 I 6bs cÖ‡kœi
12. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwU †Kvb c‡e©i? M jvf©v  wWg  wcDcv  Bgv‡Mv
DËi `vI :
K Porifera L Platyhelminthes N Bgv‡Mv  wWg  wcDcv  jvf©v
M Nematoda N Annelida 20. evqy _wji ÔwbDg¨vwUK bvwjÕ †Kv_vq hy³ _v‡K?
P Q 13. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwUi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ K Abœbvwji mv‡_
i. A¨vwm‡jv‡gU
R S L AšÍtK‡Y©i I‡q‡ewiqvb AwmK‡ji mv‡_
ii. †iPb A½ wkLv †Kvl
M n„rwc‡Ði c„ôxq A‡ji mv‡_
iii. gy³Rxex
N n„rwc‡Ði A¼xq A‡j
5. DÏxc‡Ki UªvBKvmwcW KcvwUKv c„_K wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
 DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 21bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K‡i K i I ii L i I iii
†Kwmb + cvwb  A c¨viv‡Kwmb
KPIQ LPIR M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
MRIS NQIS  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 14 I 15bs cÖ‡kœi 21. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' wPwýZ ¯’v‡b wµqvkxj
6. DÏxc‡Ki †Kvb Ask †_‡K O2 hy³ i³ DËi `vI : GbRvBg n‡jv
†`‡n cÖevwnZ nq? K †ccwmb L †iwbb
X
KP LQ M wUª c wmb N KvB‡gvwUªcwmb
MR NS 22. `y a `u v ‡Z Aby c w¯’ Z _v‡K †KvbwU?
 DÏxcKwU co Ges 7 I 8bs cÖ‡kœi DËi K Bbwmmi L K¨vbvBb
`vI : M wcÖ ‡gvjvi N †gvjvi
GKwU ¯^vfvweK `¤úwZi mg¯Í mšÍvb- 23. jvjvi‡m we`¨gvb GbRvBg †KvbwU?
mšÍwZi 50% cyÎ wn‡gvwdwjK Ges 50% 14. DÏxc‡Ki 'X' wPwýZ AskwUi bvg K Uvqvwjb L †iwbb
K Kv‡W©v L ÷vBcm& M †ccwmb N wUªcwmb
cyÎ I Kb¨viv ¯^vfvweK|
M j¨vwmwbqv N M¨vwjqv
7. DÏxcK Abymv‡i `¤úwZi wR‡bvUvBc n‡jv 24. wcËi‡mi KvR n‡jv
15. DÏxc‡Ki MVbwUi KvR n‡jv i. Bgvjwmwd‡Kkb Kiv
K ♂ xBy, ♀ xBxB
B
L ♂ x y, ♀ x x B b i. Lv`¨aiv ii. Lv‡`¨i ¯^v` MÖnY ii. jvB‡cR‡K mwµqKiY
iii. cv cwi®‹vi
M ♂ xBy, ♀ xbxb iii. †Kvj‡bi †cwi÷vjwmm Kgv‡bv
N ♂ xby, ♀ xbxb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii
8. DÏxc‡Ki NUbvwUi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K wcZv †_‡K cyÎ mÂvwiZ nq M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
16. iæB gv‡Qi †iYy †cvbvi ˆ`N©¨ KZ
L ˆewkó¨wU Y †µv‡gv‡Rvg RwoZ
wgwjwgUvi ch©šÍ nq? 25. gvbe‡`‡ni wbw®Œq A½ †KvbwU?
M †nUv‡ivRvBMvm Kb¨v evnK nq K Mv‡qi †jvg L KZ©b `uvZ
K7 L 15
N gvZv †_‡K Kb¨v mÂvwiZ nq M 20 N 30 M Pÿz cjøe N †Pv‡Li †cwk
 49

h‡kvi †evW© 2021 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
1. Nvm dwos-Gi †iPb A½ †KvbwU? 9. DÏxc‡Ki †Kvb c_wU‡K cvj‡gvbvwi 18. ˆØZ cÖ”Qbœ Gwc÷¨vwmm Gi wd‡bvUvBwcK
K †bwd«wWqv msenb e‡j? AbycvZ †KvbwU?
L wkLv‡Kvl K QLRS K9:3:3:1 L1:2:1
M gvjwcwRqvb bvwjKv L PQLR M 13 : 3 N9:7
N gvjwcwRqvb ewW M LRSB 19. wkLv‡Kvl cvIqv hvq †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z?
2. RxešÍ Rxevk¥ †KvbwU? N SBPQ K Porifera L Cnidaria
K Branchiostoma 10. DÏxc‡Ki 'Q' cÖ
‡ Kv‡ôi †ÿ‡Î cÖ ‡hvR¨ M Platyhelminthes
L Latimaria i. GwU A¨vIU©vi mv‡_ hy³ N Nematoda
M Petromyzon N Plesiobatis ii. GwU cvj‡gvbvwi agwbi mv‡_ hy³
20. hK… ‡Z kK©ivi mwÂZiƒc †KvbwU?
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 3 I 4bs cÖ‡kœi K wejyiæweb L MøvB‡Kv‡Rb
iii. UªvBKvmwcW KcvwUKv Dcw¯’Z
DËi `vI : M Mø K
y vMb N †Kv‡j‡÷ij
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
dvinvb I gvwn mgy`ª ˆmK‡Z †eov‡Z wM‡q 21. †cÖ v wUb cwicv‡K Ask †bq †KvbwU?
K i I ii L i I iii
A‡bK¸‡jv kvgyK I ZvivgvQ msMÖn Kij| i. †ccwmb
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
3. dvinvb I gvwni msM„nxZ wØZxq cÖvYxwU 11. Aves †kÖwYi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv ii. A¨vgvB‡jR
†Kvb ce©fz³? iii. Kv‡e©vw·‡ccUvBW
i. Dò i³wewkó wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K Cnidaria L Arthropoda
M Echinodermata N Mollusca ii. †`n cvj‡K Ave„Z K i I ii L i I iii
4. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖvYx¸‡jvi †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi iii. Aw¯’ evqyc~Y© M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wfwË wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 22 I
K i I ii L i I iii 23bs cÖ‡ kœ i DËi `vI :
i. k¦mb †KŠkj
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii ♀  ♂
ii. K¼vjZš¿
iii. Avevm¯’j 12. cÖ v K… w ZK wbe© v Pb gZev‡`i cÖ e Z©
K †K? O  Ve B + Ve
K WviDBb L j¨vgvK© 22. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ gwnjvi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i‡³ A I B Gw›U‡Rb, a I b Gw›UewW Av‡Q
K i I ii L i I iii M fvBRg¨vb N †¯úbmvi
L i‡³ Gw›U‡Rb †bB, a I b Gw›UewW Av‡Q
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 13. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖvYxwU wدÍix?
M i‡³ A I B Gw›U‡Rb Av‡Q, †Kv‡bv
K ZvivgvQ L Nvmdwos
5. j¨vweqv‡gi Ask Gw›UewW †bB
M †RuvK N nvBWªv
i. †g›Uvg N i‡³ A Gw›U‡Rb Av‡Q, b Gw›UewW †bB
ii. M¨vwjqv
14. n„`P‡µi †Kvb ch©v‡q cÖ_g n„` kã m„wó
nq? 23. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K hv n‡Z cv‡i
iii. wjwMDj i. Bwi‡_ªveøvw÷K wdUvwjm
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K A¨vwUªqv‡gi Wvqv‡÷vj
ii. mšÍv‡bi i³ Rh + (Rh cwRwUf)
K i I ii L i I iii L †fw›UªK‡ji wm‡÷vj
d¨v±ihy³
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M A¨vwUªqv‡gi wm‡÷vj
iii. mšÍv‡bi i³ Rh  (Rh †b‡MwUf)
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 6bs cÖ‡kœi N †fw›UªK‡ji Wvqv‡÷vj
d¨v±ihy³
DËi `vI :  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 15 I 16bs
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
wjwcW + 'X'  d¨vwU GwmW + wMømvij| cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K i I ii L i I iii
6. DÏxc‡K 'X' †Kvb GbRvBg‡K wb‡`©k K‡i? wiqv‡bi eqm 18 eQi| Zvi ˆ`wnK IRb M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K jvB‡cR L A¨vgvB‡jR
45 †KwR, D”PZv 1.57 wgUvi|  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 24 I
M †iwbb N †ccwmb
15. wiqv‡bi BMI-Gi gvb KZ n‡e? 25bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K 20.00 L 28.66
7. iæB gv‡Qi AuvBk †Kvb ai‡bi?
K cøvK‡qW L wUb‡qW M 14.33 N 18.25 A
M mvBK¬‡qW N M¨vb‡qW 16. WHO -Gi g‡Z wiqv‡bi IRb ¯’ ~ j Zv
8. eY©vÜZvi Rb¨ `vqx wRb n‡jv wba©vi‡Yi Q‡Ki †Kvb †kÖwY‡Z c‡o? 24. DÏxc‡K 'A' wPwýZ As‡k †h mKj M¨vm
K IRb Kg L ¯^vfvweK IRb cvIqv hvq Zv n‡jv
K wj_vj L Gwc֬vwUK
M AwZwi³ IRb N 1g †kÖwYi ¯’j ~ Zv i. O2
M mn-cÖKU N †m·wjsKW
ii. N2
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 9 I 10bs 17. iæB gv‡Qi hyM¥ cvLbv n‡jv iii. CO2
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : i. †kÖvwY cvLbv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
dzmdzm (L) ii. eÿ cvLbv K i I ii L i I iii
iii. cy”Q cvLbv M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
P R wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 25. †ncvwib _v‡K †Kvb †k¦Z i³KwYKvq?
Q S K i I ii L i I iii K BDwm‡bvwdj L g‡bvmvBU
†`n (B) M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M †e‡mvwdj N wj‡çvmvBU
 50

Kzwgjøv †evW© 2021 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
1. †fbvm nvU© cvIqv hvq wb‡Pi †Kvb †kÖwYi 10. AMœ¨vk‡qi †Kvb †Kv‡li ÿiY i‡³i 16. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' wPwýZ AskwUi KvR n‡jv
cÖvYx‡`i g‡a¨? Mø‡y Kv‡Ri gvÎv Kgvq? K Lv`¨ wbe©vPb Kiv
K Actinopterygii L Amphibia K Avjdv L weUv L A¨v‡›Ubv cwi®‹vi Kiv
M Reptilia N Mammalia
M †Wëv N Mvgv M Lv`¨e¯‘ KZ©b Kiv
2. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 11 I 12bs N Lv`¨e¯‘i mv‡_ jvjv wgwkÖZ K‡i
K c¨viv‡cvwWqv  Mollusca
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 17. †Kvb b`x‡K cÖvK…wZK wRb e¨vsK mg„×
L i¨vWzjv  Arthropoda
gvbe‡`‡ni cvK¯’jxi AšÍM©V‡b wgD‡Kvmv Ôgrm¨LwbÕ ejv nq?
M ¯ú‡Ävwmj  Porifers ¯Í‡i iæwM _v‡K| GB ¯Í‡i M¨vw÷ªK MÖwš’ K myigv L KY©dzjx
N b‡UvKW©  Echinodermata _v‡K| GB me MÖwš’ n‡Z GbRvBg, M hgybv N nvj`v
3. †÷v‡gvwWqv‡gi Ask n‡jv wgDKv‡mi cvkvcvwk we‡kl GK ai‡bi 18. †Kvb i³ KwYKv n‡Z wn÷vwgb ÿwiZ nq?
i. µc A‰Re GwmWI ÿwiZ nq| K †e‡mvwdj L wbD‡Uªvwdj
ii. †g‡m‡›Uib 11. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z Ask n‡Z ÿwiZ GbRvBg M BIwm‡bvwdj N g‡bvmvBU
iii. wMRvW© 19. XX  XO c×wZ‡Z wj½ wba©viY nq †Kvb
n‡jv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? cÖvYx‡Z?
K †ccwmb L Uvqvwjb
K i I ii L i I iii K Nvmdwos L Wª‡mvwdjv
M wUªcwmb N g‡ëvR
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M wMwbwcM N gvbyl
4. mveK¬vwfqvb agbx iæB gv‡Qi †Kvb A‡½ 12. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ we‡kl ai‡bi A‰Re  DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 20bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
i³ mieivn K‡i? e¯‘wUi KvR n‡jv
`vI :
K cvK¯’jx L hK…r i. A¤øxq gva¨g ˆZwi Kiv
`y» †cÖvwUb + cvwb  †iwbb c¨viv‡Kwmb
M eÿ cvLbv N AMœ¨vkq ii. wbw®‹q GbRvBg‡K mwµq K‡i
iii. e¨vK‡Uwiqv aŸsm K‡i 'A'
 †cc‡Uvb
5. †kÖwY Sarcopterygii-Gi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv
K AšÍtK¼vj ZiæYvw¯’gq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 20. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' wPwýZ ¯’v‡b wµqvkxj
L evqy cUKv i³RvjK mg„× K i I ii L i I iii GbRvBgwU ÿwiZ nq †Kvb †Kvl †_‡K?
M †jR †nUv‡ivmvK©vj M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K RvB‡gv‡RwbK L Av‡R©›Uvwdb
N AuvBk cøvK‡qW  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 13 I 14bs M wgDKvm N c¨vivBUvj
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 6 I 7bs cÖ‡kœi cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 21. †MÖMi †Rvnvb †g‡Ûj †Kvb †`‡k Rš§MÖnY
DËi `vI : Øv`k †kÖwYi QvÎ Kwe‡ii D”PZv 1.75 K‡ib?
mvwebv cZ‡½i GKwU we‡kl A½ m¤ú‡K© wgUvi Ges IRb 87 †KwR| K d«vÝ L Bsj¨vÛ
Rvb‡jv hvi bvgKiY weÁvbx 'Malpighi' 13. DÏxcK Abymv‡i Kwe‡ii ¯^v¯’¨MZ †kÖwY M BZvjx N Aw÷ªqv
Gi bvg Abymv‡i Kiv n‡q‡Q| K 1g †kÖwYi ¯’j ~ Zv  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 22 I
6. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z A½wU †Kvb Z‡š¿i Ask? L 2q †kÖwYi ¯’j ~ Zv 23bs cÖ‡ kœ i DËi `vI :
K cwicvK L †iPb wcZvgvZv jvj dz j  ♂ mv`v dzj
M AwZwi³ IRb N ¯^vfvweK IRb ♀
M k¦mb N i³ msenb
14. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ e¨w³i G Ae¯’vi  
7. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z A½wUi KvR n‡jv F2  †Mvjvcx dzj
i. bvB‡Uªv‡RbNwUZ eR©¨ msMÖn
KviY
i. wRbMZ 
ii. cUvwkqvg evBKve©‡bU cybt‡kvlY
ii. cvwievwiK RxebhvÎv F2  jvj, †Mvjvcx I mv`v dzj
iii. Am‡gv‡i¸‡jkb
iii. wb`ªvnxbZv 22. DÏxc‡Ki NUbvwUi Rb¨ `vqx wRb
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K wj_¨vj wRb L Gwc÷vwUK wRb
K i I ii L i I iii
K i I ii L i I iii M cwj wRb N B›UviwgwW‡qU wRb
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 23. DÏxc‡Ki µg Abyhvqx F2 Rbyi
8. wcËi‡mi KvR n‡jv
15. iæB gv‡Qi PjvP‡j mvnvh¨Kvix cÖavb wR‡bvUvBwcK Aby cvZ n‡e
i. Bgvjwmwd‡Kkb
K2:1 L9:7
ii. jvB‡cR mwµqKiY cvLbv n‡jv
M1:2:1 N3:1
iii. A‡š¿ ÿvixq gva¨g m„wó K eÿ cvLbv L †kÖvYx cvLbv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M cy”Q cvLbv N cvqy cvLbv
24. mge„ w Ë A½ n‡jv
K i I ii L i I iii K cvwLi Wvbv, ev`y‡oi Wvbv
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 16bs cÖ‡kœi
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii L cvwLi Wvbv, cÖRvcwZi Wvbv
DËi `vI : M cvwLi Wvbv, gvby‡li nvZ
9. †mœn`ªe¨ cwicv‡Ki me©‡kl Dcv`vb
†KvbwU? N cvwLi Wvbv, weov‡ji AMÖc`
K g‡ëvR I Møy‡KvR 25. j¨vgvK© gZev`wU KZwU bxwZi Dci
L †ccUvBW I A¨vwg‡bv GwmW cÖwZwôZ?
M d¨vwU GwmW I wMømvij K2 L3
'A'
N my‡µvR I d«‡z ±vR M 4 N5
 51

PÆMÖvg †evW© 2021 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
1. Øv`k †kÖwYi QvÎ Rwbi D”PZv 1.65 wgUvi 8. DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Î cÖ`wk©Z A½wUi KvR n‡jv 18. cÖK…Z wm‡jvghy³ cÖvYx †KvbwU?
Ges IRb 78 †KwR n‡j †m ¯’j ~ Zvi †Kvb i. fvimvg¨ iÿv K Tacnia solium
ch©vq Av‡Q? ii. kã Drcv`b L Ascaris humbricoides
K AwZwi³ IRb iii. Aw·‡R‡bi fvÐvi M Metaphire postluma
L 1g †kÖwYi ¯’j ~ Zv N Fasciala hepotica
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M 2q †kÖwYi ¯’j ~ Zv K i I ii L i I iii
19. wcZv I gvZv Df‡qi i³MÖæc AB n‡j
N 3q †kÖwYi ¯’j ~ Zv M ii I iii N i, ii I iii mšÍvb‡`i g‡a¨ AB i³MÖæc Kx nv‡i cÖKvk
 DÏxcwU jÿ Ki Ges 2 I 3bs cÖ‡kœi 9. ÔAwR©Z ˆewk‡ó¨i DËivwaKviÕ gZev‡`i cv‡e?
DËi `vI : cÖeZ©K †Kvb weÁvbx? K 25% L 50%
K j¨vgvK© L Pvj©m WviDBb M 75% N 100%
M û‡Mv `¨ wåm N Avj‡d«W iv‡mj 20. †ncvwib wbtmiY K‡i †Kvb i³ KwYKv?
10. i³ msenb I k¦mbZš¿ Abycw¯’Z K wbD‡Uªvwdj L †e‡mvwdj
i. nematoda M BIwm‡bvwdj N wj‡çvmvBU
ii. mollusca
wPÎ-A iii. platyhelminthes 21. Pwe© cwicvKKvix GbRvBg n‡jv
2. DÏxc‡Ki MVbwUi cÖ_g As‡ki bvg wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K †iwbb I wUªcwmb
K i I ii L i I iii L †ccwmb I †KvjvwR‡bR
n‡jv
K j¨vwmwbqv L ÷vBc&m M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M jvB‡cR I dm‡dvjvB‡cR
M Kv‡W©v N M¨vwjqv 11. Ôg¨v›UjÕ bvgK cvZjv AveiY _v‡K N jvB‡cR I wbDwK¬IUvB‡WR
K Porifera L Nematoda 22. Nvmdwos-Gi cv‡qi MV‡bi mwVK µg
3. DÏxc‡Ki MVbwUi KvR n‡jv M Mollusca N Annelida
i. ¯^v` MÖnY n‡jv
12. Nvmdwos-Gi eÿA‡j KZ †Rvov
ii. Lv`¨ KZ©b K K·v  †UªvK¨v›Uvi  wdgvi 
k¦vmiܪ _v‡K?
iii. cv‡qi AMÖfvM cwi®‹vi
K2 L5 wUweqv  Uvm©vm
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M8 N 10 L †UªvK¨v›Uvi  wdgvi  wUweqv 
K i I ii L i I iii
 DÏxcKwU co Ges 13 I 14bs cÖ‡kœi
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K·v  Uvm©vm
DËi `vI :
4. AMœ¨vk‡qi Avjdv †Kvl †_‡K wbtm„Z M K·v  wdgvi  †UªvK¨v›Uvi 
iæB I nv½i DfqB gvQ n‡jI G‡`i g‡a¨
ni‡gvb †KvbwU? wUweqv  Uvm©vm
†kÖwYweb¨vmMZ I MvVwbK cv_©K¨
K MøyKvMb
L Bbmywjb
we`¨gvb| N †UªvK¨v›Uvi  K·v  wUweqv 
M †mvgv‡Uv÷vwUb
13. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖ_g cÖvYxwU †h †kÖwYi wdgvi  Uvm©vm
N c¨vbwµ‡qwUK cwj‡ccUvBW AšÍM©Z 23. iæB gv‡Qi †kÖvYx cvLbvq i³ wb‡q hvq
5. †Kvb Dcv`vbwU jwmKvq Abycw¯’Z? K Myxini L Sarcopterygii
M Actinopterygii N Chondriethyes
†Kvb agwb?
K wµ‡qwUb L A¨vw›UewW K wmwjqv‡Kv-†g‡m›UvwiK
M AYyPwµKv N wj‡çvmvBU 14. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ wØZxq cÖvYxwUi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
L BwjqvK
6. Ôjve-WveÕ kã m„wó nq KvwW©qvK P‡µi †h i. cøvK‡qW Auvk we`¨gvb
ii. cy”Q cvLbv †nUv‡ivmvK©vj M c¨vivBUvj N KWvj
av‡c  DÏxcKwU co Ges 24 I 25bs cÖ‡kœi
iii. 4 †Rvov dzjKv _v‡K
i. A¨vwUªqv‡gi wm‡÷vj
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? DËi `vI :
ii. †fw›UªK‡ji wm‡÷vj
iii. †fw›UªK‡ji Wvqv‡÷vj
K i I ii L i I iii iwdK ¯^vfvweK eY© `k©‡b Aÿg n‡jI
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii Zvi †evb kvnbvR ¯^vfvweK eY© `k©‡b
K i I ii L i I iii 15. cvK¯’jxi HCl GwmW wbtmiY wbqš¿Y K‡i mÿg| hw`I Zvi wcZv-gvZv Df‡qB
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii †Kvb ni‡gvb? ¯^vfvweK eY© `k©‡b mÿg|
 DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 7 I 8bs cÖ‡kœi K M¨vw÷ªb L wm‡µwUb 24. DÏxcK Abymv‡i iwd‡Ki wcZv-gvZvi
DËi `vI : M †Kv‡jwm‡÷vKvBwbb
wR‡bvUvBc n‡e
N G›Uv‡ivKvBwbb
K XBXb, XBY L XBXB, XbY
16. Gw›UewW wenxb i³MÖæc n‡”Q M XbXb, XBY N XBXB, XBY
A KA LB
M AB NO
25. DÏxcK Abymv‡i iwdK I kvnbv‡Ri
17. wb‡Pi †KvbwU cÖwZmiYkxj A½ wn‡m‡e wR‡bvUvBc n‡e
7. DÏxc‡Ki A wPwýZ AskwU n‡jv
KvR K‡i? K XBY I XBXB, XBXb
K †iwUqv wgivwewjqv
K wµ÷vjvBb †Kvb L XbY I XBXB, XbXb
L wbDg¨vwUK bvwj
M I‡q‡ewiqvb AwmK&j L wµ÷vjvBb †Kvb †Kvl M XBY I XBXb, XbXb
N wUDwbKv B›Uvibv M i¨ve‡Wvg N Kwb©qv‡Rb †Kvl N XbY I XBXB, XBXb
 52

wm‡jU †evW© 2021 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
1. Chondrichthyes †kÖwYi cÖvYx‡`i 10. ÔcÖvK…wZK wbe©vPb gZev`Õ Gi cÖe³v †K? 18. †KvbwU n„rwc‡Ði KcvwUKv¸‡jv Ave„Z
dzjKvi‡Üªi msL¨v K †g‡Ûj L WviDBb iv‡L?
K 4  5 †Rvov L 5  12 †Rvov M j¨vgvK© N K¨v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm K †cwiKvwW©qvg

M 5  7 †Rvov N 5  15 †Rvov 11. ˆØZ cÖ”Qbœ Gwc÷vwmm Gi AbycvZ L GwcKvwW©qvg

2. †Kvlxq MVbgvÎvi cÖvYx ce© †KvbwU? †KvbwU? M gv‡qvKvwW©qvg
K Cnidaria K3:1 L 13 : 3 N G‡ÛvKvwW©qvg
L Porifera M9:7 N2:1 19. j¨veªvg Gi KvR n‡jv
M Platyhelminthes
 DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 12 I 13bs cÖ‡kœi i. Lv`¨e¯‘ KvUv
N Nematoda
3. Nvmdwos Gi D`i A‡j KqwU k¦vmiܪ DËi `vI : ii. Lv`¨ a‡i ivLv
_v‡K? ¯^v` MÖnY Kiv
iii.
K4 L8 Q wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M 20 N 16 K i I ii L i I iii
4. iwe‡bi †`‡ni IRb m~PK 38| Zvi M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
P
IRb‡K Kx ejv nq? 20. `y‡ai Avwg‡li bvg Kx?
K ¯’~jZvi 1g ch©vq 12. ÔPÕ wPwýZ AskwUi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU cÖ‡hvR¨? K †iwbb L B‡icwmb
L ¯’~jZvi 2q ch©vq K A¨v¤úyjv Ae f¨vUvi M j¨v‡±vR N †Kwmb
M ¯’~jZvi 3q ch©vq L wcË_wj
21. wm‡÷wgK msen‡b i³cÖev‡ni MwZc_
N AwZwi³ IRb M wgkÖMÖwš’
5. ÔAÂjvqbÕ †Kvb c‡e©i †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi Rb¨ K evg wbjq  A¨vIU©v  Kjv I A½
N M¨vw÷ªK MÖwš’
¸iæZ¡c~Y?© L Wvb wbjq  dzmdzm  A¨vjwfIjvm
13. Q
K Mollusca L Arthropoda
i. hK…Z im wbtm„Z K‡i
M evg wbjq  K‡ivbvix agbx  n„`‡cwk
M Annelida N Echinodermata
ii. wfUvwgb †kvl‡Y mnvqZv K‡i N dzmdzm  wkiv  evg wbjq
6. i¨vWzjv †Kvb †Kvb cÖvYx‡Z †`Lv hvq?
iii. jvB‡cR enb K‡i 22. †KvbwU cÖvK…wZK †cm‡gKvi?
i. A‡±vcvm
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K Wvb Awj‡›`i †cwk LÐ
ii. †RuvK
K i I ii L i I iii L evg Awj‡›`i †cwkLÐ
iii. kvgyK
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M A¨vIU©vi †cwkLÐ

K i I ii L i I iii 14. i³ RgvU euvavi Dcv`vb †KvbwU? N Wvb I evg Awj‡›`i ms‡hvM¯’‡ji †cwkLÐ

M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K wbD‡Uªvwdj L wj‡çvmvBU 23. †Kvb MÖwš’ †_‡K Uvqvwjb ÿwiZ nq?
7. cyÄvwÿi †Kvb AskwU Av‡jvK MÖnY K‡i? M BDwm‡bvwdj N _ª‡¤^vmvBU K M¨vw÷ªK MÖwš’ L jvjvMÖwš’
K Kwb©qv L Kwb©qv‡Rb †Kvl P  DdEe × ddEE M AMœ¨vkq N hK…r
M wµ÷vjvBb †Kvb 15. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ µm Øviv g~K I ewai 24. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYxiv mgy‡`ªi rain forest
N i¨ve‡Wvg mšÍvb nevi m¤¢vebv KZ fvM? bv‡g cwiwPZ?
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 8 I 9bs cÖ‡kœi K 25% L 50% K Cnidaria
DËi `vI : M 75% N 100% L Nematoda
jvB‡cR 16. Archeopteryx †Kvb hy‡M D™¢e n‡qwQj? M Arthropoda
X  Y + Z
N Echinodermata
8. wb‡Pi †KvbwU DÏxc‡Ki X? K RyivwmK L Kv‡e©vwb‡divm
M A‡W© v wfwmqvb N K¨vgweªqvb
25. M¨vw÷ªK Rym
K d¨vwU GwmW L wjwcW
17. iæB gv‡Qi cvK¯’jx I A‡š¿ †Kvb agbxi i. †Kvlxq wbtmi‡Yi wgkÖY
M †cÖvwUb N Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU
gva¨‡g i³ msevwnZ nq? ii. cvK¯’jxi cÖvPxi iÿv K‡i
9. DÏxc‡Ki Y + Z n‡jv
K mveK¬vwfqvb agbx iii. †cÖvwUb‡K †cc‡Uv‡b cwiYZ K‡i
K g‡ëvR + wMømvij
L wMømvij + dmdwiK GwmW L wmwjqv‡Kv †g‡m›UvwiK agbx wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M wMømvij + A¨vgvB‡bv GwmW M c¨vivBUvj agbx K i I ii L i I iii

N d¨vwU GwmW + wMømvij N BwjqvK agbx M ii I iii N i, ii I iii

 53

ewikvj †evW© 2021 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
1. cÖvwYwe`¨vi RbK †K? 10. gvby‡li i‡³ †jvwnZ I †k¦Z KwYKvi 17. wPÎ C †K Kx ejv nq?
K wjwbqvm L w_Id«v÷vm AbycvZ KZ? K g‡bvmvBU L wj‡çvmvBU
M A¨vwi÷Uj N WviDBb K 700 : 1 L 500 : 1 M BIwm‡bvwdj N †e‡mvwdj
2. wm‡jvgwenxb ce© †KvbwU? M 1 : 500 N 1 : 700 18. wPÎ A Gi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv
K Nematoda 11. gvby‡li i‡³i cøvRgv †cÖvwUb i. mgmË¡ I A¤øxq
L Annelida i. wdweª‡bv‡Rb ii. mvB‡UvcøvR‡gi cvZjv Avei‡Y Ave„Z
M Platyhelminthes ii. †Kvjv‡Rb iii. eo wbDwK¬qvmhy³
N Chordata iii. †MøvweDwjb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
3. KW©vUv ce©f³ z cÖvYxi †`‡n wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K i I ii L i I iii
i. Rxe‡bi †Kv‡bv bv †Kv‡bv `kvq K i I ii L ii I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
b‡UvKW© _v‡K M i I iii N i, ii I iii 19. eskMwZ weÁv‡bi RbK †K?
ii. Mjwejxq dzjKv iܪ we`¨gvb  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 12 I 13bs K †MÖMi †Rvnvb †g‡Ûj
iii. AcÖK…Z wm‡jvg _v‡K
cÖ ‡ kœ i DËi `vI : L A¨vwi÷Uj
UªvB-KvmwcW I evB-KvmwcW KcvwUKv M wjwbqvm N DBwjqvg nv‡f©
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
e‡Üi Kvi‡Y wbjq †_‡K i³ h_vµ‡g 20. gvby‡li †`n‡Kv‡l KZwU A‡Uv‡mvg _v‡K?
K i I ii L ii I iii
cvj‡gvbvix I wm‡÷wgK gnvagbx‡Z hvq| K 22 L 23
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
12. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ NUbvwUi †ÿ‡Î wb‡Pi M 44 N 46
4. †KvbwU Nvmdwos‡qi †`‡n †`Lv hvq? †KvbwU mwVK?
K †g‡mvwMøqv L wn‡gvwmj
21. Aw¯Í ‡Z¡ i Rb¨ msMÖ v g Dw³wU Kvi?
K Awj‡›`i Wvqv‡÷vj
K j¨vgvK© L WviDBb
M †m‡j‡›Uib N mgLÐKvqb L Awj‡›`i wm‡÷vj
M †n‡Kj N `¨ wåm
5. Nvmdwos‡qi cwiùzU‡bi mwVK avc M wbj‡qi wm‡÷vj
 Kv‡jv eY© I Lv‡Uv †jv‡gi cyiæl
†KvbwU? N wbj‡qi Wvqv‡÷vj
wMwbwc‡Mi mv‡_ ev`vwg eY© I j¤^v †jv‡gi
K wWg  jvf©v  wcDcv  Bgv‡Mv 13. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ KcvwUKv `ywU eÜ _v‡K
¯¿x wMwbwc‡Mi msKivq‡b F1 eska‡i
L wWg  wbç  wcDcv  Bgv‡Mv hLb, ZLb Kv‡jv eY© I Lv‡Uv †jv‡gi wMwbwcM cvIqv
i. G‡Z jve m`„k kã m„wó nq
M wWg  wbç  Bgv‡Mv hvq|
ii. Wve m`„k kã m„wó nq
N wWg  jvf©v  Bgv‡Mv Dc‡ii DÏxcK n‡Z 22, 23 I 24bs
iii. 0.3 †m. mgq jv‡M
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
6. iæB gv‡Qi cUKvq we`¨gvb M¨vm n‡jv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
22. G‡ÿ‡Î cyiæl wMwbwcM‡K Kx ejv n‡e?
i. Aw·‡Rb K i I ii L i I iii
K weï× cÖKU L weï× cÖ”Qbœ
ii. Kve©b WvBA·vBW M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M msKi N weï× msKi
iii. nvB‡Wªv‡Rb 14. †cm‡gKvi Kx?
23. F1 eska‡ii wR‡bvUvBc Kxiƒc n‡e?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K AwiI †fw›UªKj †bvW
K BBSS L BbSs
K i I ii L i I iii L mvB‡bv A¨vwUªqvj †bvW M BBss N bbSS
M mvB‡bv †fw›UªKj †bvW 24. F1 eskai Gi msKivq‡bi †ÿ‡Î F2
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
N A¨vwUªI †fw›UªKj †bvW
7. cwicv‡K mvnvh¨Kvix ni‡gvb †KvbwU? Rby‡Z
15. iæB gv‡Qi AuvBk Kx ai‡bi? i. wd‡bvUvBwcK AbycvZ 9 : 3 : 3 : 1
K MøyKvMb L GwWªb¨vwjb
K mvKz©jvi
M Bbmywjb N wm‡µwUb n‡e wd‡bvUvBwcK AbycvZ
L †fw›UªKzjvi
8. ÿz`ªv‡š¿i Ask bq †KvbwU? ii. 1:2:2:4:1:2:2:2:1
M K›UKhy³
K wWI‡Wbvg L wmKvg n‡e
N mvKz©jvi I K›UKhy³
iii. ûeû P1 Gi gvZvi b¨vq wR‡bvUvBc
M †RRybvg N Bwjqvg
gvÎ GKwU eska‡i cvIqv hvq
9. kK©iv RvZxq Lv`¨ wecvK wbqš¿YKvix
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ni‡gvb
K i I ii L i I iii
i. Bbmywjb
A B C M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
ii. Mø‡y KvKwU©K‡qW  DÏxcK Abyhvqx 16, 17 I 18bs cÖ‡kœi 25. weeZ©‡bi PvweKvwV †KvbwU?
iii. _vBiw·b DËi `vI : K cwi‡e‡ki cÖfve I mwµq cÖ‡Póv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 16. wP‡Îi †KvbwU `vbvwenxb †k¦Z KwYKv? L A‡½i e¨envi I Ae¨envi
K i I ii L i I iii KAIB LBIC M AwR©Z ˆewk‡ó¨i DËivwaKvi
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii MCIA N A, B I C N †R‡bwUK cÖKiY
 54

w`bvRcyi †evW© 2021 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
1. Me‡jU †Kvl †Kv_vq _v‡K? 9. DwjøwLZ A½wUi gva¨‡g Kxfv‡e i³ 17. evsjv‡`‡k iæB gv‡Qi me‡P‡q eo
K ÿz`ªvš¿ L e„n`vš¿ mÂvjb nq? cÖvK…wZK cÖRbb‡ÿÎ †KvbwU?
M cvK¯’jx N hK…r K Wvb Awj›`  Wvb wbjq  K cÙv L nvj`v
2. ¯úvBivKj cvj‡gvbvwi agwb  dzmdzm M KY©dzwj N †gNbv
i. msL¨vq 10 †Rvov L evg Awj›`  evg wbjq 
18. †Kvb ce© w U wm‡jvgwenxb?
K Cnidaria L Mollusca
ii. cÖ_g 2 †Rvov D`ixq LЇK Aew¯’Z cvj‡gvbvwi agwb  dzmdzm M Arthropoda N Echinodermata
iii. A¨vwUªqvj MnŸ‡i Dš§y³
M evg Awj›`  Wvb wbjq  19. †KvbwU Aixq cÖwZmg cÖvYx?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
cvj‡gvbvwi agwb  dzmdzm K KxUcZ½ L nvBWªv
K i I ii L i I iii
N evg Awj›`  cvj‡gvbvwi agwb  M ZvivgvQ N ¯úÄ
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
Wvb wbjq  dzmdzm 20. †Kvb¸‡jv Nvmdwos Gi gyLcv‡½i Ask
3. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖvYxwU c½cvjfz³?
10. wn÷vwgb wbtmiY K‡i i. j¨veªvg
K cÖRvcwZ L †gŠgvwQ
K †e‡mvwdj L BDwm‡bvwdj ii. g¨vw·jv
M dwos N Nvmdwos
M wj‡çvmvBU N g‡bvmvBU iii. g¨vwÛej
4. GKRb e¨w³i BMI 38 kg/m . wZwb 2
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
 wb‡Pi DÏxcK n‡Z 11 I 12bs cÖ‡kœi
¯’j
~ Zvi †Kvb ¯Í‡i Av‡Qb? K i I ii L i I iii
DËi `vI :
K cÖ_g ¯Íi L wØZxq ¯Íi M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M Z…Zxq ¯Íi N ¯^vfvweK ¯Íi
wcZvgvZv jvj  mv`v
21. IgvwUwWqv‡gi †Kvb As‡k cÖwZwe¤^ MwVZ

5. †k¦Z i³ KwYKv †ivqvb nq?
i. wbDwK¬qvmhy³ 11. DwjøwLZ wcZvgvZvi †R‡bvUvBc †KvbwU? K KwY©qv L wµ÷vjvBb †Kvb
ii. †ivM cÖwZ‡iva K‡i K RW, RW L RR, RW M †iwUbyjvi †Kvl N i¨ve‡Wvg
iii. wn‡gv‡Møvwebhy³ M RR, WW N RW, WW 22. DfPi (A¨vwçweqv) Gi ˆewkó¨
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 12. wØZxq eskai wR‡bvUvBwcK AbycvZ KZ i. n„rwcÐ wZb cÖ‡Kvôwewkó
K i I ii L i I iii n‡e? ii. Z¡‡K Auvk _v‡K bv
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K3:1 L2:1 iii. RxebP‡µ jvf©v `kv Dcw¯’Z
6. †KvbwU mge„Ëxq A½? M 1 : 1 N1:2:1 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K gvby‡li nvZ I wZwgi wd¬cvi 13. †KvbwU gvbe‡`‡ni me‡P‡q eo MÖwš’? K i I ii L i I iii
L gvby‡li nvZ I †Nvovi mvg‡bi cv K hK…r L AMœ¨vkq M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M cvwL I ev`y‡ii Wvbv M M¨vw÷ª K MÖ w š’ N Avwš¿K MÖwš’  wb‡Pi DÏxcK †_‡K 23 I 24bs cÖ‡kœi
N cvwLi Wvbv I cÖRvcwZi Wvbv 14. †KvbwU Avwgl cwicvKKvix GbRvBg? DËi `vI :
7. weeZ©bev‡`i RbK †K? K g‡ëR L jvB‡cR

K j¨vgvK© L WviDBb M wUª c wmb N my‡µR

M Gwi÷Uj N †g‡Ûj  wb‡Pi DÏxcK †_‡K 15 I 16bs cÖ‡kœi

 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU †_‡K 8 I 9bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
DËi `vI : gvbe‡`‡ni cwicvKZ‡š¿ cvZvi gZ GKwU
23. DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwUi c‡e©i bvg Kx?
A½ Av‡Q| K Mollusca L Echinodermata
15. DwjøwLZ A½wUi bvg Kx? M Arthropoda N Annelida
K AMœ¨vkq L hK…r 24. DwjøwLZ c‡e©i ˆewkó¨
M cvK¯’jx N cøxnv i. †`n wØcvk¦©xq cÖwZmg
16. DwjøwLZ A½wUi KvR ii. †`n g¨v›Uj c`©vq Ave„Z
8. DÏxc‡Ki A½wU i. M¨vw÷ªK im ÿiY Kiv iii. †`n big
i. †cwiKvwW©qvg Avei‡Y Ave„Z ii. kK©iv cwicvKKvix GbRvBg ÿiY wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ii. †cwkhy³ I KcvwUKv mg„× K‡i K i I ii L i I iii
iii. Am¤ú~Y© Pvi cÖ‡Kvôwewkó iii. wgkÖMÖwš’ wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 25. iæB gv‡Qi †Rvo cvLbv KZwU?
K i I ii L i I iii K i I ii L i I iii K 1wU L 2wU
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M 3wU N 4wU
 55

gqgbwmsn †evW© 2021 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we. `ª. : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki|]
1. †Kvb c‡e© ÔwkLv †KvlÕ cvIqv hvq? 9. ˆØZ-cÖ”Qbœ Gwc÷¨vwm‡mi F2 Rbyi  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 19 I 20bs
K Nematoda AbycvZ †KvbwU? cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
L Arthropoda K2:1 L3:1
M Platyhelminthes
M9:7 N 13 : 3
N Echinodermata
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 10 I 11bs
2. ÿZ¯’v‡b _ª‡¤^vmvB‡Ui fv½‡bi d‡j †h
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : A
Dr‡mPKwU †ei nq Zvi bvg Kx?
K dvBweª‡bv‡Rb L †cÖv_ªw¤^b
M _ª‡¤^vcøvw÷b N KvB‡bR
3. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †cÖvwUb cwicvKKvix
GbRvBg? 19. DÏxc‡K ÔAÕ wPwýZ As‡ki bvg Kx?
K wUªcwmb I †KvjvwR‡bR 10. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi †nW K¨vcmy¨‡ji Ask K †cwigvBwmqvg L A¨vjvwi †cwk
L KvB‡gvwUªcwmb I dm‡dvjvB‡cR †KvbwU? M GwcgvBwmqvg N mvi‡Kv‡jgv
M †KvjvwR‡bR I jvB‡cR K †¯‹c L †cwW‡mj
20. DÏxc‡Ki wPwýZ AskwU
N †ccwmb I A¨vgvB‡jR M K¬vBwcqvm N j¨vweqvg
i. i³ msen‡b f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i
4. wcËi‡mi KvR n‡”Q 11. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ v YxwUi ˆewkó¨ ii. Aw÷qvi ms‡KvPb-cÖmvi‡Y mvnvh¨ K‡i
i. Pwe©RvZxq Lv`¨‡K BgvjwmdvB Kiv i. g¯ÍK nvB‡cvMb¨vm ai‡bi iii. †cwiwf‡mivj mvBbv‡m Ae¯’vb K‡i
ii. wfUvwgb A, D, E I K †kvl‡Y ii. I‡mwj _v‡K wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
mnvqZv Kiv iii. 8 †Rvov ¯úvBivKj _v‡K K i I ii L i I iii
iii. Kcvi, wRsK, cvi` I Uw·b c`v_© wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wb®‹vwkZ Kiv K i I ii L i I iii 21. my‡µR GbRvBg my‡µvR‡K †f‡½ Kx ˆZwi
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K‡i?
K i I ii L i I iii 12. †Kb 3 : 1 bv n‡q 1 : 2 : 1 nq? K Mø‡y KvR + d«z‡±vR
K Gwc÷¨vwmm L wj_vjwRb L g‡ëvR + Mø‡y KvR
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M mgcÖKUZv N cwic~iK wRb M g‡ëvR + M¨vjvK‡UvR
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 5 I 6bs
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 13. gvZv eY© v Ü I wcZv ¯^ v fvweK n‡j cy ÎMY N Mø‡y KvR + M¨vjvK‡UvR
kZKiv KZ Ask eY©vÜ n‡e?  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 22 I 23bs
K 100 L 75 cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M 50 N 25 Kvgvj mv‡ne I Zuvi ¯¿x Df‡q g~K-ewai, wKš‘
P 14. ÔOÕ i³ MÖæcavix i³ w`‡Z cv‡i †`Lv †Mj Zuv‡`i mšÍv‡biv mevB ¯^vfvweK|
5. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ P wPwýZ AskwUi bvg hv‡`i‡K 22. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K mšÍv‡biv ¯^vfvweK
Kx? i. ÔAÕ i³ MÖæc nIqvi KviY Kx?
K Abœ bvwj L wbDg¨vwUK bvwj ii. ÔBÕ i³ MÖæc K cÖ”Qbœ Gwc÷¨vwmm
M gvjwcwRqvb bvwj iii. ÔABÕ i³ MÖæc L cÖKU Gwc÷¨vwmm
N DBm©vs bvwj wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M ˆØZ cÖ”Qbœ Gwc÷¨vwmm
6. DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi f‚wgKv K i I ii L i I iii N cwj‡RwbK Bb‡nwi‡UÝ
i. GwU ni‡gvb Drcv`‡bi KviLvbv M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 23. F2 Rbyi mšÍv‡biv g~K ewai nIqv m¤¢e
ii. cvwb‡Z gv‡Qi fvimvg¨ eRvq ivL‡Z 15. iæB gv‡Qi †Rvo cvLbv †KvbwU? i. wmewjs µ‡mi gva¨‡g
mvnvh¨ K‡i K eÿ L c„ô ii. cÖ”Qbœ wR‡bi †nUv‡ivRvBMvm Dcw¯’wZ‡Z
iii. Aw·‡R‡bi Avavi wn‡m‡e e¨en„Z nq M cvqy N cy”Q iii. cÖ”Qbœ wR‡bi †nv‡gvRvBMvm Dcw¯’wZ‡Z
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 16. A¨v‡gvwmU (Ammocete) jvf©v `kv †`Lv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii hvq †KvbwU‡Z? K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K n¨vMwdk L nvOi M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
7. Wvb Awj›` I Wvb wbj‡qi gv‡S Kx fvj¦ M w÷s‡i N j¨vg‡cÖ 24. BDwiqv †Kv_vq ˆZwi nq?
_v‡K? 17. ev`yo-Gi n„rwc‡Ð cÖ‡Kv‡ôi msL¨v KZwU? K e„° L AMœ¨vkq
K evBKvmwcW L UªvBKvmwcW K 2 L 3 M dz m dz m N hK…r
M BD‡÷wkqvb N †mwgjybvi M 4 N 7 25. †KvbwU‡K †cm‡gKvi e‡j?
8. A¨vwUªqv‡gi wm‡÷v‡ji w¯’wZKvj KZ 18. ÒAwR© Z ˆewk‡ó¨i DËivwaKviÓ gZev‡`i K mvB‡bv A¨vwUª qvj †bvW
†m‡KÛ? cÖe³v †K? L A¨vwUªI †fw›UªKzjvi †bvW
K 0.1 L 0.3 K WviDBb L nv·wj M evÛj Ae wnR
M 0.5 N 0.7 M †n‡Kj N j¨vgvK© N cviwKbwR Zš‘
 56

mKj †ev‡W©i
kxl©¯v’ bxq K‡jR mg~‡ni cÖkc
œ Î
 57
gqgbwmsn Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki 5  wدÍix cÖvYxi M¨v‡÷ªvWvwg©m MnŸ‡i GK ai‡bi meyR Rxe evm
ce© jvf©vi bvg K‡i| GB cÖvYxwUi wewfbœ cÖKvi Pjb cÖwµqv i‡q‡Q| G‡`i
P †iwWqv g‡a¨ GKwU n‡jv `ªæZ Pjb cÖwµqv|
Q A¨vwçeøv÷zjv K. eøv÷zjv Kx? 1
R †fwjRvi L. nvBWªv‡Z ¯^wb‡lK N‡U bv †Kb? 2
K. gv‡qv‡Uvg Kx? 1 M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ PjbwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. †Kvb Dcc‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i mgy‡`ªi †dvqviv ejv nq? N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ Rxe `ywUi g‡a¨ m¤úK© we‡kølY
e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 Ki| 4
M. P-jvf©v †Kvb c‡e©i AšÍf³
z© ? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 6  wb‡Pi wPÎ wZbwU jÿ Ki
N. Q Ges R-Gi jvf©v wfbœ c‡e©i AšÍf³
z©  Dw³wU
we‡kølY Ki| 4
2  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki

wPÎ : B wPÎ : C
wWg ? BgvGMv Z K. d¨vwmKzjvm Kx? 1
wPÎ : X wPÎ : Y L. †cwk‡K ˆRweK †gvUi ejv nq †Kb? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
K. GwjUªv Kx? 1 M. A-wPwýZ A½ †Kvb ai‡bi †cwk w`‡q MwVZ? e¨vL¨v
L. Nvmdwos-Gi i³‡K wn‡gvwjç ejv nq †Kb? 2 Ki| 3
M. wPÎ-Y Gi Z wPwýZ A‡½i †iPb cÖwµqv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 N. Avgv‡`i kix‡ii bovPov wPÎ-B Ges wPÎ-C Gi mv‡_
N. wPÎ-X G D‡jøwLZ welqwU we‡kølY Ki| 4 m¤úK©hy³ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
3  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki 7 cÖvwYweÁv‡bi K¬v‡m Rbve-X ej‡jb Ò`ywU dzmdz‡mi gv‡S
X M¨vw÷ªK im GKwU w·KvYvK…wZi †cwkgq cv¤úhš¿ Aew¯’Z| GwU Rxe‡bi
Y 35.0  39.9 kg/m2 ïiæ †_‡K †kl ch©šÍ i³ cwienb K‡i| GwU‡Z wØPµx
K. †ewiqvwUªKm Kx? 1 msenb †`Lv hvq|
L. cvK¯’wj cywó †kvl‡Yi Dchy³ RvqMv bq †Kb? e¨vL¨v K. wjD‡Kv‡cwbqv Kx? 1
Ki| 2 L. †cm‡gKvi e¨envi Kiv nq †Kb? 2
M. X-wPwýZ c`v_© KqwU ch©v‡q wbtm„Z nq? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ A‡½i KvRwU gv‡qv‡RwbK ai‡bi
N. AwZwi³ Lv`¨ MÖnY ïaygvÎ Y Gi KviY bq we‡kølY e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl jvB‡bi Zvrch© we‡kølY Ki| 4
4 iæB GKwU e„nr mvaviY ¯^v`y cvwbi gvQ| Gi kixi iƒcvjx 8  kvšÍi i‡³i MÖæc O wKš‘ Zvi evev I gv‡qi i‡³i MÖæc A
i‡Oi AuvBk w`‡q XvKv| GB gv‡Qi k¦mb `yBwU av‡c Ges B| GQvov kvšÍ ¯^vfvweK `„wóm¤úbœ Ges Zvi fvB
cwiPvwjZ nq| eY©vÜ|
K. †g‡mv‡fwiqvg Kx? 1 K. RxešÍ-Rxevk¥ Kx? 1
L. iæB gvQ w¯’i cvwb‡Z wWg cv‡o bv †Kb? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 L. AvwK©Ic‡Uwi·‡K ms‡hvMKvix cÖvYx ejv nq †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ iƒcvjx i‡Oi Dcv`v‡bi MVb e¨vL¨v M. wRbMZfv‡e kvšÍi i‡³i MÖæc e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
Ki| 3 N. kvšÍ Ges Zvi fvB‡qi wfbœ i‡Oi `„wófw½i KviY
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl jvBb we‡kølY Ki| 4 we‡kølY Ki| 4
 58
cvebv K¨v‡WU K‡jR welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki K. U¨v·b Kx? 1
weeZ©wbK c_  mixm„c  [ X ]  cvwL L. D = (n/N)2 ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
K. Webbed cv Kx? 1 M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖ_g cÖvYxi Dcc‡e©i ˆewk󨸇jv
L. e¨w³Rwb‡Z RvwZRwbi cybive„wË ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡Ki X cÖvYxwU‡K ms‡hvMKvix †hvMm~Î ejv nq N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ †kl jvBbwU we‡kølY Ki| 4
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 6  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
N. DÏxc‡Ki †ÿ‡Î A½ms¯’vwbK cÖgvY we‡kølY Ki| 4
A
2  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Q R
CO2 O2
AšÍwb©wnZ Ges ewnwb©wnZ mœvqy bvwjwenxb MÖwš’
n†rwcí
X Y
CO2 O2
K. Avwš¿K im Kx? 1
L. hK…Z Kxfv‡e i³Pvc eRvq ivL‡Z cv‡i? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
S mgMÉ ˆ`n T

M. cwicv‡K DÏxc‡Ki X-Gi f‚wgKv eY©bv Ki| 3 K. †gMvK¨vwiImvBU Kx? 1

N. cwicv‡K DÏxc‡Ki Y-Gi f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki| 4 L. Ilium I Ileum ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
3  GK ai‡bi wbWvwiqvb cÖvYx Av‡Q hviv wb‡R‡`i iÿv Kivi M. S Ges T i³bvwj¸‡jvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wbiƒcY Ki| 3
Rb¨ GKwU we‡kl ai‡bi †Kvl e¨envi K‡i| GB cÖvYxi N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ A-Gi GKK MVb we‡kølY Ki| 4
Av‡iKwU Abb¨ ˆewkó¨ n‡jv Zv‡`i kix‡i kÖgeÈb i‡q‡Q| 7  gvby‡li †giæ`Ð A‡bK¸‡jv Aw¯’ w`‡q MwVZ| GB Aw¯’i
K. †g‡mvj¨vwgjvi msÁv `vI| 1
mv‡_ mshy³ GK ai‡bi †cwk Av‡Q| GB †cwk Uvb‡Z cv‡i
L. "Blind gut" ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
wKš‘ wewfbœ Aw¯’ bvov‡Z av°v w`‡Z cv‡i bv|
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ †Kv‡li wbwÿß nIqvi †KŠkj eY©bv
K. Aw÷Ib Kx? 1
Ki| 3
L. evZe¨vwaMÖ¯Í Pz¨wZ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ †kl evK¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
M. Aw¯’i D‡jøwLZ AskwU wP‡Îi mvnv‡h¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
4  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
CO2 N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ †kl jvBbwU we‡kølY Ki| 4
dzmdzm gwÕ¦Ó•
A O2 B 8  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
K. †nwis-eªqvi cÖwZeZ© wµqv Kx? 1
L. †K¬vivBW wkdU wewµqv ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. O2 Ges CO2 Kxfv‡e A Ges B Gi g‡a¨ cwievwnZ
nq| e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. A-†Z O2 Ges CO2 wewbgq cÖwµqv B wbqš¿Y K‡i|
K. j¨vKwUqvj Kx? 1
we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. †cm‡gKvi Kxfv‡e ¯’vcb Kiv nq? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
5  KW©vUv c‡e©i GKwU cÖvYx Av‡Q hvi jvf©vi cÖZxc iƒcvšÍi
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxi gv_v Abb¨| e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N‡U| KeyZi GKwU cvwL wKš‘ Do‡Z mÿg nIqv m‡Ë¡I
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxi gy‡Li Ask¸‡jv wPÎmn eY©bv Ki| 4
ev`yi cvwL bq|
 59
wSbvB`n K¨v‡WU K‡jR welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki 5  wb‡Pi wPÎwU ch©‡eÿY Ki Ges wb‡Pi cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
A Nvmdwos‡qi †iPb A½
B Nvmdwos‡qi k¦mb A½
K. gv‡qvwbg Kv‡K e‡j? 1
L. †g‡mvWvg© I †g‡mvwMøqvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Kx? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. DÏxc‡K A Gi MVb wPÎmn eY©bv Ki| 3
N. ÒB Zvi D‡Ïk¨ m¤úv`‡bi Rb¨ Zvi MVb‡K cwiea©b
K‡i‡QÓ DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K Dw³wU e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 K. w_‡ewmqvb KcvwUKv Kv‡K e‡j? 1
2 RjR cÖvYx‡`i g‡a¨ GKwU wPiæwbi g‡Zv MVb cvIqv hvq hv L. n„rwc‡Ði Wvb wbj‡qi cÖvPxi A‡cÿv evg wbj‡qi
k¦vm-cÖk¦v‡m mvnvh¨ K‡i| nvBWªv bv‡gi Ab¨ GKwU RjR cÖvPxi cyiæ †Kb? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
cÖvYxi GKwU we‡kl ai‡bi †Kvl i‡q‡Q hv AvkÖq w`‡Z M. DÏxc‡Ki A‡½i KvR¸‡jv‡K wbqš¿Y K‡i Ggb wbw`©ó
mvnvh¨ K‡i| †cwki MVb wPÎmn eY©bv Ki| 3
K. †cwiUªwdK †gg‡eªb Kv‡K e‡j? 1
N. n„rwcÐ Kxfv‡e Zvi Pµ m¤ú~Y© K‡i e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
L. nvB‡cvMœ¨v_vm g¯ÍK ej‡Z Kx eyS? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
6  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ wPiæwb-m`„k MVbwU wPÎmn eY©bv Ki| 3
N. nvBWªvi we‡kl †KvlwU Kxfv‡e GwU‡K myiÿv w`‡Z P  AYyPwµKv

wb‡R‡K cwieZ©b K‡i Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 Q  i³Pvc wbqš¿YKvix d¨v±i

3 D‡jøwLZ wPÎwU ch©‡eÿY Ki Ges wb‡Pi cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi K. †ncvUvBwUm Kv‡K e‡j? 1
`vI : L. ni‡gvb Ges GbRvB‡gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ Kx? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. P Gi KvR D‡jøL Ki Ges d¨v±‡ii gva¨g Gi
Kvh©µg eY©bv Ki| 3
N. Q-d¨v±i Kxfv‡e i³Pvc wbqš¿Y K‡i e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
7 A n‡jv dzmdz‡mi MVbMZ I Kvh©Kix GKK| GB AskwU
K. †nwgeªv¼ Kv‡K e‡j? 1
gvby‡li k¦vm-cÖk¦v‡m ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i|
L. gv‡Qi n„rwcЇK †fbvm nvU© ejv nq †Kb? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
K. GgdvB‡mgv Kv‡K e‡j? 1
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ A‡½i m~² MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki A½wU gvbe‡`‡ni wecvKxq Ges kvixie„Ëxq L. †Kvlxq k¦mb ej‡Z Kx eyS? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
Dfq Kvh©Kjvc m¤úv`b K‡i e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 M. A Gi MVb wPÎmn eY©bv Ki| 3
4 gvby‡li kix‡i 5 ai‡bi wecvKxq MÖwš’ i‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ N. A AvYylw½K As‡ki mvnv‡h¨ k¦mb Kvh©µg m¤úbœ
3 ai‡bi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Kvh©vejx i‡q‡Q| evwK¸‡jv Avbylw½K K‡i e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
MÖwš’ wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| GKwU cvK¯’jxi cÖvPx‡i, Ab¨wU 8  wb‡Pi ZvwjKvwU co Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
A‡š¿i cÖvPx‡i Aew¯’Z| cÖavb MÖwš’¸‡jvi g‡a¨ GKwU wgkÖ A mvBbv‡mi msµgY
MÖwš’ wn‡m‡e we‡ewPZ| B k¦mb M¨vm
K. †Kwmb Kv‡K e‡j? 1 K. †mivm d¬zBW Kv‡K e‡j? 1
L. cvK¯’jx wb‡R cwicvK nq bv †Kb? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
L. DcwRnŸv Ges AvjwRnŸvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wbiƒcY Ki| 2
M. gvbe‡`‡ni cvK¯’jx †_‡K KZ ai‡bi GbRvBg
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ A †iv‡Mi KviY eY©bv Ki| 3
wbtm„Z nq? Kvh©vewjmn eY©bv Ki| 3
N. gvbe‡`‡ni Rb¨ AcÖ‡qvRbxq B-Gi cwienb cÖwµqv
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl MÖwš’‡K wgkÖMÖwš’ ejv nq †Kb? wbw`©ó
e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
KviY, bvg I Kvh©vewjmn e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
 60
†dŠR`vinvU K¨v‡WU K‡jR, PÆMÖvg welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki 5  eZ©gv‡b gwbi mv‡ne Pwe©h³ y Lvwmi gvsm †L‡Z cQ›` K‡i|
X wkLv‡Kvl wKš‘ AwZwi³ Pwe© kix‡i ¯’j ‚ Zv m„wó K‡i hv kvixwiK I
Y †Mvj K…wg gvbwmK Ae¯’vi SuywK evovq|
Z †bwd«wWqvg K. wfjvB Kx? 1
K. wm‡jvg Kx? 1 L. Bgvjwmwd‡Kkb ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
L. Zviv gvQ‡K cÂAixq cÖvYx ejv nq †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ Lv‡`¨i cwicvK cÖwµqv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ X-Gi ce©wfwËK ˆewk󨸇jv †jL| 3
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ mgm¨vi KviY I cÖwZ‡iva e¨e¯’v
N. DÏxc‡K Y Ges Z Gi g‡a¨ †KvbwU †ewk DbœZ?
we‡kølY Ki| 4 e¨vL¨v I we‡kølY Ki| 4
2 wb‡Pi wPÎ wZbwU jÿ Ki 6  iæB gv‡Qi GKwU fvimvg¨c~Y© n„rwcÐ i‡q‡Q hv i³ mÂvjb
cÖwµqvi Rb¨ `vqx| eZ©gv‡b wewfbœ Kvi‡Y G gv‡Qi msL¨v
w`b w`b K‡g hv‡”Q|
K. cy”Q cvLbv Kx? 1
L. mvBK¬‡qW AuvBk Øviv eqm Kxfv‡e wba©viY Kiv nq? 2
wPÎ-P wPÎ-Q wPÎ-R
M. DÏxc‡Ki A‡½i gva¨‡g D‡jøwLZ cÖwµqvwU e¨vL¨v
K. wg‡_vRxweZv Kx? 1
Ki| 3
L. wm‡j‡›Uib‡K M¨v‡÷ªvfv¯‹zjvi MnŸi ejv nq †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ P wP‡Îi cÖwµqvwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ mgm¨v mgvav‡b Kx ai‡bi e¨e¯’v
N. DÏxc‡Ki R wP‡Îi cÖwµqvwU Q wP‡Îi Dci wbf©ikxj MÖnY Kiv DwPr e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
e¨vL¨v Ges we‡kølY Ki| 4 7  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
3 UªvwKqvjZš¿ n‡jv Nvmdwos‡qi Abb¨ MVb| c„Ävwÿ n‡jv
E : mvBbymvBwUm
AmsL¨ mij †Pv‡Li mgš^q hv Nvmdwos‡qi cÖwZwe¤^ ˆZwi
F: n¨vfviwmqvb Zš¿
Ki‡Z mÿg|
K. Am¤ú~Y© iƒcvšÍi Kx? 1 K. k¦mb e„ÿ Kx? 1
L. Nvmdwos‡qi msenbZš¿ j¨vKzbvi ai‡bi †Kb? 2 L. K…wÎg k¦vm-cÖk¦vm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ Abb¨ MVbwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ F Gi MVb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl evK¨wU e¨vL¨v I we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡Ki E †iv‡Mi jÿY I RwUjZv †_‡K wb‡R‡K
4  wb‡Pi wPÎ wZbwU jÿ Ki Kxfv‡e cÖwZ‡iva I wbivgq Kiv hvq Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
8  †kÖwYK‡ÿ wkÿK †g‡Û‡ji wØZxq m~‡Îi e¨wZµg m¤ú‡K©
Av‡jvPbv Ki‡jb| wZwb 13 : 3 Gi wd‡bvUvBwcK AbycvZ
wPÎ-M wPÎ-N wPÎ-O e¨vL¨v Ki‡jb| wZwb AviI Av‡jvPbv Ki‡jb Rh-d¨v±i
K. cvj‡gvbvwi msenb Kx? 1 Kxfv‡e gvby‡li g‡a¨ i³ mÂvjb Ges Mf©ve¯’vq RwUjZv
L. Wvb I evg wbjq‡ii g‡a¨ †KvbwUi cÖvPxi cyiæ Ges m„wó K‡i|
†Kb? 2 K. wj_vj wRb Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡K wPÎ "O" †Z m„ó RwUjZv †_‡K Zzwg wb‡R‡K
L. ÒcvwL GKwU gwngvwš^Z mixm„cÓ e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
wKfv‡e cÖwZ‡iva Ki‡Z cvi‡e e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ wd‡bvUvBwcK AbycvZ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ M Ges N KLb I Kxfv‡e e¨envi Kiv
nq e¨vL¨v I we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl evK¨wU e¨vL¨v I we‡kølY Ki| 4
 61
ewikvj K¨v‡WU K‡jR welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1 A¨vwçweqv, †icUvBwjqv, A¨vwfm n‡jv fvwUeªvUv Dcc‡e©i 5  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki
†kÖwY| cøvwUcvm, K¨v½viæ Ges evN n‡jv wewfbœ ai‡bi
¯Íb¨cvqx cÖvYxi D`vniY|
K. wm‡jvg Kx? 1
L. Chondrichthyes Ges Actinoptcrygii-Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨
Kx Kx? 2 X Y
M. D‡jøwLZ †kÖwYi wZbwU ˆewkó¨ Ges GKwU D`vniY K. Am¤ú~ Y © iƒcvšÍ i Kx? 1
†jL| 3 L. mvuZvi _wj ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ D`vniY¸‡jvi g‡a¨ GKwU Zzjbv M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖvYx X Gi `k©b A‡½i MVbMZ
Ki| 4 Ges Kvh©Kix GK‡Ki MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
2 cÖvwYwe`¨vi wkÿK Rbve dviw`b cvV¨eB‡qi AšÍf³ ©y GKwU N. X I Y cÖvYx‡`i i³ mÂvj‡bi wKQz wgj I Awgj
†cvKvgvK‡oi kvixie„Ëxq KvR †kLv‡bvi mgq e‡jwQ‡jb i‡q‡Q| we‡kølY Ki| 4
†h, Gi †iPb A½ m~² wUDeyj Øviv MwVZ| Gi `k©b A½ 6  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki
wewfbœ Av‡jvi Rb¨ wewfbœ cÖwZwe¤^ MVb Ki‡Z mÿg|
K. †bgv‡Uvwm÷ Kx? 1
L. jywcs Pjb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ Rbve dvinv‡bi cÖ_g Dw³wUi MVb
I Kvh©c×wZ eY©bv Ki| 3 P Q
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ Rbve dvinv‡bi wØZxq Dw³wU K. cwicvK Kx? 1
ch©v‡jvPbv Ki| 4 L. †W›Uvj dgy©jv ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
3 cÖvwYweÁv‡b wkÿK Rbve †Mvcvj ej‡jb, `ywU dzmdz‡mi M. DÏxc‡K P A½ kK©iv wecvKxq wbqg¸‡jv Kx Kx? 3
g‡a¨ gywóe× nv‡Zi b¨vq GKwU cv¤úhš¿ Aew¯’Z| GwU N. D‡jøwLZ Q A½wU GKwU wgkÖ MÖwš’ we‡kølY Ki| 4
Rxe‡bi ïiæ †_‡K †kl ch©šÍ A‡bK¸‡jv KcvwUKv Øviv i³ 7  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
mÂvjb wbqš¿Y K‡i|
mv`v †jMnb©  mv`v IqvBbWU
K. n„`¯ú›`b Kx? 1
F1 eskai = mKj gyiwM mv`v
L. K‡ivbvwi msenb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
K. wj_vj wRb Kx? 1
M. DÏx‡K D‡jøwLZ A½wUi GKwU wPÎ AvuK| 3
L. AvwK©Ic‡Uwi·‡K ms‡hvMKvix †hvMm~Î ejv nq †Kb? 2
N. DÏxc‡K Rbve †Mvcv‡ji Dw³ ÒA‡bK¸‡jv KcvwUKv
M. F1 eska‡i mKj ev”Pv mv`v nIqvi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
Øviv i³ mÂvjb wbqwš¿Z nqÓe¨vL¨v Ki| 4
N. †PKvi †ev‡W©i gva¨‡g F2 cÖR‡š§i djvdj we‡kølY
4 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
Ki| 4
k¼mb (P) 8  WviDBb wbtm‡›`‡n ZË¡ Ges Kv‡Ri Rb¨ weL¨vZ|
Aÿms¯’vwbK cÖgvY¸wj weeZ©‡bi c‡ÿ R¡jšÍ cÖgvY|
K. †m· wjsKW wWmAW©vi Kx? 1
cÉk¼vm wbtk¼vm L. Gwi‡_ªveøv‡÷vwmm wdUvwjm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
Q R M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ weL¨vZ weÁvbxi euvPvi msMÖvg eY©bv
K. mvBbymvBwUm Kx? 1 Ki| 3
L. IwUwUm wgwWqv cÖwZ‡ivag~jK e¨e¯’v Kx Kx? 2 N. DÏxc‡Ki `„wó‡KvY †_‡K weeZ©‡bi AmsL¨ cÖgvY
M. DÏxc‡K Q I R eY©bv Ki| 3
i‡q‡Q| we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. RxweZ _vK‡Z P LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y © we‡kølY Ki| 4
 62
iscyi K¨v‡WU K‡jR welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1 AwiÎ Rvb‡Z cvij †h wRb wewfbœ ˆewk‡ó¨i Rb¨ `vqx, wKš‘ 5  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
wj½ wba©viY wR‡bi Dci wbf©i K‡i bv Ges cÖvYx‡`i g‡a¨
†cÖvwUb  †cŠwóK bvwj  e„n`š¿
wj½ wba©viY wewfbœ cÖwµqvq †`Lv hvq| wKQy †hŠb
W Y Z
†µv‡gv‡mvg gvby‡li Rb¨ †ivM enb K‡i hv eskvbyµ‡gi
K. †gBmbvi †cø·vm Kx? 1
mvaviY cÖwµqv †_‡K wfbœ|
K. cwic~iK wRb Kx? 1 L. mv‡cÿ cÖwZeZ© e¨vL¨v Ki| 2

L. †nUv‡ivRvBMv‡m njy` Bu`yi cvIqv hvq †Kb? 2 M. 'Z' Gi Kvh©vejx eY©bv Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡Ki †kl jvBbwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 N. 'W'-Gi cwicvK I †kvlY K‡i 'Y' e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g jvB‡bi eY©bv `vI| 4 6  RxeweÁv‡bi wkÿK Nvmdwos m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡jb, Gi
2  wb‡Pi wPÎ wZbwU jÿ Ki UªvwKqvjZš¿ k¦mbKvh© m¤úv`b K‡i| Gi GKwU Abb¨
n„rwc‡Ði MVb Av‡Q|
K. wn‡gvwmj Kx? 1
L. wbç e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
P Q R
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g jvBbwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
K. †Møb‡qW MnŸi Kx? 1
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl jvB‡b †h MVbwUi D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q
L. Bwjqvg Ges Bw¯‹qvg GKB bq e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
Zv eY©bv Ki| 4
M. R-Gi MVb gvbe‡`‡ni Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| 3
N. P Ges Q Kxfv‡e gvbe‡`‡ni mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z Zv e¨vL¨v 7  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
Ki| 4 jywcs mgvimwës wg‡_vRxweZv
3  i‡³i gva¨‡g Kve©b WvBA·vBW cwienb LyeB ¸iæZ¡c~Y©|
E F G
gvby‡li k¦mbZ‡š¿i A‡bK Ask i‡q‡Q wKš‘ k¦vmbvjx,
K. †g‡mvwMøqv Kx? 1
dzmdzm Ges ga¨”Q`v we‡kl ai‡bi|
L. nvBWªvi cybiærcv`b ÿgZv i‡q‡Q †Kb? 2
K. k¦vmiÄK Kx? 1
M. 'G' Øviv Dfq RxeB DcK…Z nq e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. †m‡ieªvg Kx k¦vm-cÖk¦vm wbqš¿Y Ki‡Z cv‡i? 2
N. E Ges F Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ †jL| 4
M. DÏxc‡Ki †kl jvBbwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K cÖ_g jvB‡b D‡jøwLZ cÖwµqvwU eY©bv Ki| 4 8  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki

4  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Chondrichthyes Actinopterygii Petromyzontidae

gv‡qv‡RwbK wbqš¿Y GKeZ©bx msenb X Y Z

K. wUb‡qW Kx? 1
P R
K. Radii Kx? 1 L. GKvB‡bvWvg©vUv bvgKi‡Yi Zvrch© †jL| 2

L. K‡ivbvwi A¨v‡_‡ivgv Kx? 2 M. X, Y Ges Z GKB c‡e©i wKš‘ Z wb¤œ av‡ci e¨vL¨v
M. 'R' gvbe msenb †_‡K wfbœ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 Ki| 3
N. 'P' Gi MVb I KvR gvby‡li n„rwc‡Ði Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©| 4 N. X Ges Y Gi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ eY©bv Ki| 4
 63
gqgbwmsn Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. K·vj MÖwš’i KvR Kx? 11. HCl wbtmiYKvix M¨vw÷ªK MÖwš’ †Kvb 19. †KvbwU i³bvwji ms‡KvPb NUvq Ges
K cwicvK L gjZ¨vM As‡k Dcw¯’Z? i³cvZ Kgvq?
M k¦mb N Pjb K cvK¯’jxi KvwW©qvK As‡k K †ncvwib L wn÷vwgb
2. iæB gv‡Qi †kÖvwY cvLbvq cvLbv-iwk¥i L cvK¯’jxi dvbWvm As‡k M †miv‡Uvwbb N _ª‡¤^vcøvw÷b
msL¨v KZ? M cvK¯’jxi cvB‡jvwiK As‡k 20. eY© v ÜZvi wR‡bvUvBcavix evev XCY Ges
K9 L 15 N cvK¯’jxi wb‡Pi As‡k gv XX Gi †ÿ‡Î wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M 17 N 19 12. Nvmdwos‡qi †`‡ni †Kvb LÐK cÖjw¤^Z K †Kej 100% cyÎ eY©vÜ n‡e
L †Kej 100% Kb¨v eY©vÜ n‡e
3. wb‡Pi †Kvb `jwU Aixq cÖwZmvg¨? n‡q mve‡RwbUvj †cøU MVb K‡i?
M 100% cyÎ Ges 100% Kb¨v
K Mollusca Ges Annelida K 7g L 8g
¯^vfvweK n‡e
L Porifera Ges Cnidaria M 9g N 10g
N 50% cyÎ Ges 50% Kb¨v eY©vÜ n‡e
M Arthropoda Ges Chordata 13. jvjvMÖwš’ †KvbwU?
21. Zzwg k¦vm wb‡j Kx nq?
N Cnidaria Ges Echinodermata K mvewj½yqvj MÖwš’ L A¨vwWªbvj MÖwš’
K †Zvgvi Wvqvd«vg cÖmvwiZ nq Ges
4. A¨vjwfIjv‡mi cÖvPxi M j¨vwµgvj MÖwš’ N AMœ¨vkq
cï©Kv msKzwPZ nq
i. †¯‹vqvgvm Gwc‡_wjqvg †Kvl Øviv MwVZ 14. hw` wcZvi i‡³i MÖæc AB Ges gvZvi L †Zvgvi Wvqvd«vg msKzwPZ nq Ges
ii. mvi‡dKU¨v›U ÿiY K‡i i‡³i MÖæc AB nq Zvn‡j mšÍvb‡`i cÖïK
© v cÖmvwiZ nq
iii. †Kvjv‡Rb Ges Bjvw÷b Zš‘ mg„× i‡³i MÖæc n‡e M †Zvgvi Wvqvd«vg cÖmvwiZ nq Ges
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i. A cï©Kv we‡ivwaZv K‡i
ii. B
K i I ii L i I iii N †Zvgvi Wvqvd«vg bovPov K‡i bv Ges
iii. AB
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii cï©Kv cÖmvwiZ nq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 5 I 6bs K i I ii L i I iii
22. wb‡Pi †KvbwU AcÖK…Z wm‡jvghy³ cÖvYx?
K Taenia solium L Fasciola hepatica
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M Pila globosa N Loa loa
Kv‡jv cvjKhy³ †gviM (BB) Ges mv`v 15. evqy_wj‡Z we`¨gvb M¨vm n‡jv 23. Nvmdwos‡qi i³ msenbZ‡š¿i mwVK
cvjKhy³ gyiwM (bb) Gi g‡a¨ µm NUv‡j i. Aw·‡Rb MwZc_ †KvbwU?
F1 eska‡i mv`v †Qvchy³ †gviM-gyiMx ii. bvB‡Uªv‡Rb K g¯ÍK mvBbvm  †cwiwbDivj
cvIqv hvq| iii. bvBwUªK A¨vwmW mvBbvm  †cwiwf‡mivj mvBbvm 
5. DÏxcK Abymv‡i F2 eska‡i †Kvb AbycvZ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? †cwiKvwW©qvj mvBbvm
cvIqv hv‡e? K i I ii L i I iii L g¯Ím mvBbvm  †cwiwf‡mivj
K 2:1 L 3:1 M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M 9:7 N 1:2:1
mvBbvm  †cwiKvwW©qvj mvBbvm 
16. wdgv‡ii g¯ÍK †Kv_vq AvUKv‡bv _v‡K? †cwiwbDivj mvBbvm
6. DÏxcK Abymv‡i wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡K †U÷
K A¨vwmUveyjvg M †cwiwbDivj mvBbvm  g¯ÍK
µm ejv nq?
L †Møb‡qW MnŸi
K BB  bb L Bb  bb mvBbvm  †cwiwf‡mivj mvBbvm 
M †Kv÷vj d¨v‡mU
M Bb  Bb N BB  BB †cwiKvwW©qvj mvBbvm
N AeUz‡iUi †dviv‡gb
7. wb‡Pi †Kvb †kÖwYi gvQ RxešÍ Rxevk¥ N †cwiwe‡mivj mvBbvm 
wn‡m‡e cwiwPZ? 17. Nvmdwos‡qi AwZwi³ †iPb A½ n‡jv †cwiwbDivj mvBbvm 
K Chondrichthyes L Actinopterygii i. wKDwUKj
†cwiKvwW©qvj mvBbvm  g¯ÍK
M Sarcopterygii N Cephalaspidomorphi ii. †ibvj wUDey¨jm
mvBbvm
8. K‡ivwUi †Rvov Aw¯’ †KvbwU? iii. BDwi‡KvR MÖwš’
24. mvB‡bvmvBwU‡mi KviY
K †ùb‡qW L d«›Uvj wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i. `uv‡Zi msµgY
M Aw·wcUvj N c¨vivBUvj K i I ii L i I iii
ii. wmw÷K dvB‡eªvwmm
9. nvBWªvi †Kvb †KvlwU ey`ey` m„wó K‡i? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii iii. hw` bv‡Ki nvo euvKv nq
K ms‡e`x L MÖwš’ 18. †Kvb agwb iæB gv‡Qi †kÖvwY-cvLbvq i³ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M mœvqy N B›Uviw÷wkqvj cwienb K‡i? K i I ii L i I iii
10. gvby‡li n„rwc‡Ði µgk wb¤œgyLx Ask‡K Kx K KW¨vj M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
e‡j? L BwjqvK 25. nvBWªv †Kvb ai‡bi cÖvYx
K G‡c· L †em M c¨vivBUvj K gvsmvkx L me©fzK
M A¨vIU©v N Awj›` N wmwjqv‡Kv-†g‡m›UvwiK M Z…Y‡fvRx N A‡UvdvBwUK
 64
cvebv K¨v‡WU K‡jR welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. gwnjv‡`i †ÿ‡Î GK ev Dfq X 7. †KvbwU cÖ_g †kÖwYi wjfvi  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges 17 I 18bs
†µv‡gv‡mv‡gi Abycw¯’wZi Kvi‡Y †Kvb K ej  fvi  d¨vjµvg cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
†ivM nq? e„nr MÖwš’ wgkÖMÖwš’
L d¨vjµvg  fvi  ej
K A¨v‡µv‡gMvwj L wgw·wWgv P Q
M fvi  d¨vjµvg  ej
M cÖvWvi wmb‡Wªvg N Uvb©vi wmb‡Wªvg 17. gvbe‡`‡n P Gi Kvh©µg
2. DËivwaKv‡ii †µv‡gv‡mvg ZË¡wU †K N fvi  ej  d¨vjµvg i. GbRvBg Drcv`b
Abygvb KiwQ‡jb? 8. Z…Zxq †kÖwYi wjfv‡ii †ÿ‡Î wb‡Pi †Kvb ii. wfUvwgb mÂq
K IqvUmb Ges wµK Kvh© µ gwU gvbe K¼vjZ‡š¿ jÿ Kiv hvq? iii. wel AcmviY
L mvUb Ges †evfvwi K Kby B‡qi boPov wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M DBwjqvg e¨vUmb L †Mvovwji bovPov K i I ii L i I iii
N wUGBP giMvb M gv_vi bovPov M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
3. DËivwaKv‡ii †µv‡gv‡mvg ZË¡ Abymv‡i N †Kvg‡ii bovPov 18. gvbe‡`‡n Q Gi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK?
i. wW‡cøv‡qW †Kv‡l †µv‡gv‡mvg Ges 9. k¦mb †K›`ª †Kv_vq Aew¯’Z? i. GbRvBg Drcv`b
wRb †Rvove× _v‡K K cbm& L myly¤œv Kv‡Ð ii. c¨vbwµ‡qwUK cwj‡ccUvBW
ii. gvB‡Uvwmm †Kvl wefvR‡bi mgq M ga¨ gw¯Í®‹ N †mwi‡ejvg iii. evBKve©‡bU wbtmiY
†nv‡gv‡jvMvm †µv‡gv‡mvg Avjv`v nq 10. O2 Ges CO2 wewbgq k¦vmh‡š¿i †Kvb wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
iii. wbwl³KiY †µv‡gv‡mvg msL¨v‡K As‡k AbywôZ nq? K i I ii L i I iii
wdwi‡q Av‡b K UªvwKIj L ¯^ihš¿ M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M eª¼vm N A¨vjwfIjvm 19. †Kvb ni‡gvb xjeviKz b MÖwš’‡K †kølv wbM©Z
K i I ii L ii I iii 11. A¨vWvgm A¨vcj †Kv_vq cvIqv hvq? Ki‡Z DÏxwcZ K‡i?
M i I iii N i, ii I iii K G‡›U‡ivKvBwbb L M¨vw÷ªb
K Mjwej L ¯^ihš¿
4. wnD‡givm I wdgv‡ii g¯Í‡K Kx ai‡bi M wm‡µwUb N †mvgv‡Uv÷¨vwUb
M k¦vmbvwj N dzmdzm
ZiæYvw¯’ cvIqv hvq? 20. nvBWª v q me© v waK msL¨K wb‡Wveøv÷ †Kvl
12. Kvwki DrcwË †Kv_vq?
K cxZ Zš‘gq L †k¦Z Zš‘gq †Kv_vq cvIqv hvq?
K Mjwej L ¯^ihš¿
M K¨vjwmdv‡qW N nvqvwjb K Kwl©Kv L †`nKvÐ
M k¦vmbvwj N dzmdzm
 wb‡Pi DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K 5 I 6bs cÖ‡kœi 13. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wWI‡Wbv‡gi †Wëv †Kvl M c`PvKwZ N nvB‡cv‡÷vg
DËi `vI : 21. wnc‡bvUw·‡bi ivmvqwbK Dcv`vb †KvbwU?
†_‡K wbtm„Z nq?
A‡bK †cwk †Rvov GKmv‡_ KvR K‡i K †cÖ v wUb Ges †dbj
K †ccUvBW YY L CCK
hv‡K ejv nq A¨v›Uv‡Mvwbw÷K †cwk L wjwcW Ges †dbj
M †mvgv‡Uv÷¨vwUb N M¨vw÷ªb
†Rvo| G‡`i GKwU †cwk nv‡oi GKcv‡k M †cÖvwUb Ges RvBwjb
14. gvby‡li wØZxq gw¯Í®‹ ejv nq †KvbwU‡K? N wj‡cv‡cÖvwUb
†U‡b †bq Ges Ab¨ †cwk nv‡oi wecixZ
K myly¤œvKvÐ L AšÍwb©wnZ mœvqy 22. me‡P‡q eo †bgv‡Uvwm÷ †KvbwU?
w`‡K wdwi‡q Av‡b|
M ewnwb©wnZ mœvqy N †gWzjv AejsMvUv K fj‡f›U
5. evB‡mc †cwki A¨v›Uv‡Mvwbw÷K †cwk
15. †Kvb Lvevi AwZwi³ MÖn‡Y i‡³ L †÷wiIwjb MøywUb¨v›U
†Rvo †KvbwU?
UªvBwMømvivBW †ewk nq? M †cwbUª¨v›U
K †KvqvwWª‡mcm L †Wë‡qW
K †cÖvwUb L wjwcW N †÷ªc‡Uvwjb MøywUb¨v›U
M †iKUvm N UªvB‡mcm
M Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU N wfUvwgb 23. M¨vwjqv Ges j¨vwmwbqv Nvmdwos-Gi
6. DÏxcK Abymv‡i
16. kK©iv cwicv‡Ki cÖwµqv gyLcv‡½i †Kvb As‡k cvIqv hvq?
i. nuvUz  wUweqvwjm A¨v‡›Uwiqi 
i. RwUj kK©iv  g¨v‡ëvR  Møy‡KvR K j¨veªvg L g¨vw·jv
†mwjqvm gvmjm
M g¨vwÛej N j¨vweqvg
ii. eÿ  †Wë‡qW †cwk  ii. MøvB‡Kv‡Rb  WvBm¨vKvivBW 
24. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z †Kvl gvÎvi MVb †`Lv
†cK‡Uvivwjm †gRi d«z‡±vR
hvq?
iii. Diæ  †KvqvwWª‡mcm wd‡gvwim  iii. j¨vK‡UvR + H2O  Mø‡y KvR +
K Sycon L Obclia
B‡iKUvm ¯úvBwb M¨vjv‡±vR M Pila N Hydra
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 25. Kjvi †Kvl †Kvb cÖvYxi g‡a¨ cvIqv hvq?
K i I ii L i I iii K i I ii L i I iii K Obclia L Taenia
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M Sycon N Hydra
 65
RqcyinvU Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖvYxi g‡a¨ w¯úwKDj wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 18. DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Îi KvR
we`¨gvb? K i I ii L ii I iii i. A‡š¿i wb¤œvsk‡K Aej¤^b †`q
K Fasciola hepatica M i I iii N i, ii I iii ii. wdgvi‡K AvU‡K iv‡L
L Aurelia aurita 9. gvbe‡`‡ni †Kvb A‡½ DBm©vs bvwj cvIqv iii. mvg‡bi A½‡K AvU‡K iv‡L
M Obelia geniculata
hvq? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N Scypha gelatinosum
K AMœ¨vkq L hK…r
2. Aixq cÖwZmv‡g¨i D`vniY n‡jv K i I ii L ii I iii
M cvK¯’wj N †Kvjb
i. nvBWªv M i I iii N i, ii I iii
ii. wdZvK…wg
10. KvB‡gi AwZwi³ cvwb 19. †k¦Z-Zš‘gq ZiæYvw¯’ †Kv_vq cvIqv hvq?
i. wgD‡Kvmv ¯Í‡i cwievwnZ nq
iii. mgy`ª Zviv K AvšÍtK‡kiæKv PvKwZ
ii. wfjvB Øviv i‡³ cwievwnZ nq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? L bvK
iii. mwµq cwienb Øviv †kvwlZ nq
K i I ii L ii I iii M k¦vmbvwj
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N ¯^ihš¿
K i I ii L ii I iii
3. Columba livia-†Z †KvbwU Abycw¯’Z? 20. ˆØZ cÖ”Qbœ Gwc÷¨vwmm Gi wd‡bvUvBwcK
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
K PÂz AbycvZ Kx?
L Kbvm agwb
11. †Kvb As‡k KvBg MwVZ nq?
K9:7 L 12 : 3
K gyLweei L Lv`¨bvwj
M GKwU mwµq wW¤^vkq M9:3:3:1 N1:2:1
M cvK¯’wj N wWI‡Wbvg
N Kzmyghy³ wWg
12. wb‡Pi †KvbwU ciRxex Ges A¨vjvwR© aŸsm 21. Archacopteryx-G †Kvb †kÖwYi ˆewkó¨
4. nvBWªv‡K Agi cÖvYx ejv nq †Kvb †Kv‡li
K‡i? †`Lv hvq?
Kvi‡Y?
K g‡bvmvBU L wbD‡Uªvwdj K ¯Íb¨cvqx, cvwL L mixm„c, DfPi
K wb‡WvmvBU
M BDwm‡bvwdj N †e‡mvwdj M mixm„c, cvwL N ¯Íb¨cvqx, mixm„c
L †cwk AveiYx †Kvl
13. †KvbwU i³ RgvU eu v avi Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡ c~ Y © 22. wb‡Pi †Kvb hy‡M ¯Íb¨cvqx cÖvYxi cÖvavb¨
M Rbb †Kvl
bq? i‡q‡Q?
N B›Uviw÷wkqvj †Kvl
K _ªw¤^b L _ª‡¤^vcøvw÷b K wcøIwmb L gv‡qvwmb
5. nvBWªvq †Kvb ai‡bi Lvevi cwicvK nq
M dvBweª‡bv‡Rb N Ca 2+
M B‡qvwgb N wcø‡÷vwmb
bv?
K †cÖvwUb L wjwcW
14. i³i‡m Kx cwigvY cvwb _v‡K? 23. CCpp (mv`v)  ccPP (mv`v)
K 8-10% L 30-40% DÏxcK Abymv‡i F1 Gi wd‡bvUvBc Kx
M wfUvwgb N ÷vP©
M 80-90% N 90-92% n‡e?
6. ¯¿x Nvmdwos-Gi cÖRbbZ‡š¿i Ask n‡jv
15. dzmdz‡mi MVb I Kvh©Kix GK‡Ki K mevB mv`v
i. IwfcwRUi
cÖvPx‡ii †Kvb AskwU evB‡ii AvMZ L mevB iwOb
ii. ¯úvg©vw_Kv
RxevYy aŸsm K‡i?
iii. wW¤^vkq M 50% mv`v, 50% iwOb
K wgwWqvw÷bvg L mvid¨v±¨v›U
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N 9 : 7 (mv`v : iwOb)
M g¨v‡µv‡dR N Wvqvd«vg
K i I ii L ii I iii 24. WviDB‡bi cÖvK…wZK wbe©vPb ZË¡ KqwU
16. †Kvb A½ †mivm d¬zBW Øviv myiwÿZ?
M i I iii N i, ii I iii †gŠwjK bxwZi AwaKvix?
K gw¯Í®‹ L dzmdzm
7. K3 L4
M wKWwb N n„rwcÐ
M5 N6
17.
25. j¨vÛ‡÷Bbvi Kx‡mi Rb¨ weL¨vZ
DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Î †Kvb M¨vm¸‡jv Dcw¯’Z i. †µv‡gv‡mv‡gi DËivwaKvi ZË¡
A
K H2, N2, CO2 L O2, N2, Na
DÏxc‡Ki A wPwýZ As‡ki bvg Kx? ii. ABO i‡³i MÖæ‡ci cÖwZôvZv
M O2,CO2, N2 N CO2, Na, O2
K wcDweK wmgdvBwmm iii. Rh d¨v±‡ii D™¢veK
8. DÏxc‡Ki A‡½i KvR n‡jv
i. Avbylw½K k¦mb A½ L wMøb‡qW MnŸi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ii. kã Drcv`b M A¨vwmUvey j vg K i I ii L ii I iii

iii. h_vh_ ga¨vKl©Y N AeUz‡iUi †dviv‡gb M i I iii N i, ii I iii

 66
Kzwgjøv K¨v‡WU K‡jR welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. MøyUvw_Ib 8. nvBcviwUª‡Kvwmm-Gi jÿY †KvbwU? 17. †KvbwU‡K wgkÖMÖwš’ ejv nq?
i. LvIqvi cÖwZwµqv RvMvq K gvbwmK cÖ w ZeÜKZv K AMœ¨vkq L hK…r
L Pz‡ji A¯^vfvweK e„w× M eªæbvm MÖwš’ N Avwš¿K MÖwš’
ii. k¦mb e„w× K‡i
M AZ¨waK Z…òv
iii. Cyclops-G cvIqv hvq 18. mvBbvm †f‡bvmvm i³ msMÖn K‡i
N ¸iæZi `„wó cÖwZeÜKZv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K KvwW©bvj wkiv
9. wn‡gvwdwjqv A-Gi KviY n‡jv
K i I ii L i I ii L Wv±vm Kz¨v‡fBwi
K d¨v±i VII wR‡bi wgD‡Ukb
M i I iii N i, ii I iii M mveK¬vwfqvb wkiv
L d¨v±i VIII wR‡bi wgD‡Ukb
2. †g‡mvwMøqv n‡jv M d¨v±i IX wR‡bi wgD‡Ukb N UªvÝfvm© A¨vbv‡÷v-†gvwmm
i. A¨vwg‡evmvBU cvIqv hvq N d¨v±i X wR‡bi wgD‡Ukb 19. †iwU wgivwewj cvIqv hvq
ii. †Kvjv‡Rb Ges †ncvivb mvj‡dU Øviv 10. URTI-Gi mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z †KvbwU? K evqy_wj L AMœ¨vkq
MwVZ †cÖvwUIMøvB‡Kb K eª¼vBwUm L wbD‡gvwbqv M dzjKv N hK…r
iii. †Rwji b¨vq AvVv‡jv c`v_© M h²v N mvBbymvBwUm
20. wb‡Pi †KvbwU ZÂb †cÖvwUb?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 11. wn‡gvmvqvwbb cvIqv hvq K A¨vjeywgb
Ki L i I ii K Av‡_©ªv‡cvWv L KW©vUv
L wmivg †Møveywjb
M i I iii N i, ii I iii M †gvjv¯‹v N A¨v‡bwjWv
M wmivg A¨vjeywgb
3. nvBWªvi M¨v‡÷ªvWvwg©‡m KZ ai‡bi †Kvl 12. A¨v‡gvwbqv AcmviY K‡i N dvBweª‡bv‡Rb
K cøxnv L e„°
cvIqv hvq?
M hK…r N jwmKv MÖwš’ 21. hK…‡Zi eo n‡q hvIqv‡K e‡j
K7 L6
13. GwWb‡qW Aew¯’Z n‡jv K †ncv‡Uv‡gMvwj
M5 N4
K bvmvMnŸ‡ii wcQ‡b L †ncvUvBwUm
4. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †_‡K cwj-Mvgv-MøyUv‡gU
L bv‡Ki mvg‡b M evW-Kvqvwi
ÿwiZ nq?
M ¯^ih‡š¿ N †ncvwUK Gb‡mdv‡jvc¨vw_
K B›Uviw÷wkqvj †Kvl
N wRnŸvi g~‡j 22. wWmwRDwmqv msNU‡bi KviY n‡jv
L †bgv‡Uvwm÷
14. Gwjd¨vw›Uqvwmm-Gi KviY n‡jv K mvgvb¨ jvjv wbtmix e¨w³
M MÖwš’‡Kvl K Wuchereria banclurofil
L †ewk jvjv wbtmix e¨w³
N mœvqy‡Kvl L Streptococcus
M Moraxella M jvjv Drcv`b K‡i bv Ggb e¨w³
5. gvbe‡`‡ni †Kvb Aw¯’‡Z Ô†W›U‡qW wiRÕ
N Aspergillus N †ewk wcI Drcv`bKvix e¨w³
we`¨gvb?
 wb‡Pi wewµqvwU jÿ Ki Ges 15 I 16 23. †f‡ewiqvb Aw¯’gvjv `vqx n‡jv
K wnD‡givm L ÷vb©vg
bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M wdgvi N †iwWqvm K kã †cÖiY L ¯^v` †cÖiY
wWA¨vwg‡bkb
A¨vwg‡bv A¨vwmW  X + (NH2) M MÜ †cÖiY N Zvc †cÖiY
6. cÖwZwU Kwâ‡Z KZ¸‡jv Aw¯’ cvIqv hvq? wWA¨vgvg‡bR
K 8 L 7 15. Dc‡ii ˆRe ivmvqwbK wewµqvwU N‡U 24. †Kvb ni‡gvb wcI Drcv`b Ki‡Z
M 6 N 5 K hK…‡Z L †nbwji jy‡c DÏxwcZ K‡i?
7. n¨vgvw÷ªs †cwk MwVZ M †Møv‡giæjv‡m N msMÖvnx K M¨vw÷ªb L wm‡µwUb
i. evB‡mcm wd‡gvwim 16. X Øviv wPwýZ Dcv`vb n‡jv M G‡›U‡ivKvBwbb N wWIµvBwbb
i. A¨vwmW 25. iæB gv‡Qi ¯úwbs FZz n‡jv
ii. †mwg‡¤^v‡bvmvm
ii. d¨v‡U iƒcvšÍwiZ nq
iii. †mwg‡UwÛ‡bvmvm K gvP©-GwcÖj
iii. g~Î Drcv`‡bi Rb¨ `vqx
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? L †g-Ryb
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
Ki L i I ii M Ryb-RyjvB
K i I ii L ii I iii
M i I iii N i, ii I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii N †m‡Þ¤^i-A‡±vei
 67
ivRDK DËiv g‡Wj K‡jR, XvKv welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  gvbe‡`‡ni D`i MnŸ‡i wKQy cwicvK MÖwš’ i‡q‡Q, hv‡`i 5  wkÿK K¬v‡m ej‡jb †h gvbe‡`‡ni K¼vj cÖavb `ywU As‡ki
g‡a¨ GKwU MÖwš’‡K †`‡ni e„nËg ewntÿiv MÖwš’ wn‡m‡e mgš^‡‡q MwVZ| hvi GKwU bgbxq Ges Ab¨wU Abgbxq|
we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q _v‡K| AciwU wgkÖ MÖwš’ hv wewfbœfv‡e wZwb †ev‡W© wPÎ A¼b K‡i Av`k© K‡kiæKvi MVb e¨vL¨v

Lv`¨ cwicv‡K mnvqZv K‡i _v‡K| K‡ib|

K. K‡ivwU Kv‡K e‡j? 1
K. wmKvg Kx? 1
L. mvwR©Kvj MÖxev ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
L. `šÍms‡KZ ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖavb `yBwU As‡ki g‡a¨ wfbœZv
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g MÖwš’wUi mÂqx f‚wgKv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ bgbxq I Abgbxq Dcv`vb w`‡q
2  RxeweÁvb wkÿK K¬v‡m ej‡jb, †Zvgv‡`i cvV¨ eB‡Z Ggb MwVZ Z‡š¿i ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
GKwU cÖZxK cÖvYxi we¯ÍvwiZ eY©bv †`qv n‡q‡Q hv 6  gvby‡li eÿMnŸ‡i `yÕcv‡k AmsL¨ evqyc‡Ö Kvôhy³ A½ Av‡Q
cÖvYxRM‡Zi me©e„nr c‡e©i AšÍf³
z© | hv O2 I CO2-Gi M¨vmxq wewbgq NUvq|
K. i~cvšÍi Kv‡K e‡j? 1 K. eªvw¼qvj e„ÿ Kx? 1
L. wbD‡iv‡RwbK nvU© ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 L. A¨vWvgm A¨vcj ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖvYxwUi `k©b GK‡Ki wPwýZ wPÎ M. DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi ÿz`ªZg GK‡Ki MVb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ †k‡lv³ M¨vmwUi cwien‡bi
A¼b Ki| 3
kvixie„Ë we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖvYxwU Kxfv‡e bvB‡Uªv‡Rb NwUZ
7 ♂ Õ¼vfvweK ♀ gyK-ewai
eR©¨ wb®‹vkb K‡i we‡kølY Ki| 4 (DdEe) (DdEe)
X dzjKv 
3  n„rwcÐ  Y mgMÖ †`n K. Gwc÷¨vwUK wRb Kx? 1
K. U‡Uvwbg Kv‡K e‡j? 1 L. wjLvj wRb ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2

L. †g‡q‡`i Zzjbvq cyiæliv eY©vÜ †ewk nq †Kb? 2 M. DÏxc‡K msKivq‡b m„ó AcZ¨ eskai¸‡jvi
wR‡bvUvBc †`LvI| 3
M. DÏxc‡K Bw½ZK…Z cÖvYxi PKP‡K mv`v _‡j m`„k
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cyiæ‡li ¯¿x †nv‡gvRvBMvm gyK-ewai
MV‡bi e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
n‡j Zv‡`i mšÍv‡bi ¯^vfvweK nIqvi nvi KZ?
N. Y- agwbmg~n Øviv DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi †`‡n Kxfv‡e we‡kølY Ki| 4
i³ mieivn nq we‡kølY Ki| 4 8 mwim†cxq ŠewkÓ¡Å iGqGQ
X
4  gvby‡li eÿMnŸ‡i Aew¯’Z †cwiKvwW©qvg Øviv Ave„Z A½wU cvwLi ŠewkÓ¡Å iGqGQ
wbw`©ó mgq cici ¯^qswµqfv‡e ¯ú›`b m„wó K‡i| Y n†rwcí
K. A¨vwi_wgqv Kx? 1 K. wgD‡Ukb Kx? 1
L. cvj‡gvbvwi msenb ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 L. Hw”QK I A‰bw”QK †cwki g‡a¨ `ywU cv_©K¨ †jL| 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki Y weeZ©‡bi ¯^c‡ÿ Kx ai‡bi cÖgvY enb
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ A½wUi j¤^‡”Q‡`i wPwýZ wPÎ A¼b
K‡i Zv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
Ki| 3
N. Dc‡iv³ ˆewkó¨ewji e¨vL¨v cÖavb mv‡c‡ÿ cÖgvY Ki
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖwµqvwU we‡kølY Ki| 4 X GKwU ms‡hvMKvix †hvMm~Î| 4
 68

AvBwWqvj ¯‹zj A¨vÛ K‡jR, gwZwSj, XvKv welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  A  †bwd«wWqv 5  gvbe‡`‡ni cv¤úhš¿wU Pvi cÖ‡Kv‡ô wef³ Ges KcvwUKv
B  cÖZxc iƒcvšÍi hy³| hš¿wU we‡kl ai‡bi ms‡hvMx wUmy¨i gva¨‡g
C  wØeZ©bx msenbZš¿| ¯^qswµqfv‡e wbqwš¿Z nq|
K. nU¯úU Kx? 1 K. †cm‡gKvi Kx? 1
L. mvB‡Rvwm‡jv‡gU I G‡›U‡ivwm‡jv‡gU ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 L. n„rwcÐ KLbI Aembœ nq bv †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' Gi c‡e©i bvg, kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨ I M. DÏxc‡Ki cv¤úhš¿wUi KcvwUKv¸‡jvi bvg, Ae¯’vb I
D`vniY †jL| 3 KvR †jL| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki 'B' I 'C'- Gi cv_©K¨ we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K cv¤úhš¿wUi wbqš¿Y †KŠkj
2  nvBWªv Zvi we‡kl †Kv‡li A½vYyi mvnv‡h¨ Pjv‡div, we‡kølY Ki| 4
6  gvby‡li eÿ MnŸ‡ii Dfqcv‡k O2 I CO2 M¨vm wewbgqKvix
AvZ¥iÿv I Lv`¨ a‡i Ges nvBWªv AbyK‚j I cÖwZK‚j
`ywU †Mvjvcx is‡qi we‡kl A½ i‡q‡Q|
cwi‡e‡kI eske„w× K‡i|
K. GgdvB‡mgv Kx? 1
K. †÷wiIM¨v÷ª–jv Kx? 1
L. k¡mb e„ÿ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
L. nvBWªvi ¯^vfvweK g„Zz¨ nq bv †Kb? 2
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ A½wUi ÿz`Z ª g GK‡Ki MVb eY©bv
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ we‡kl †Kvlxq A½vYyi †kÖwYweb¨vm
Ki| 3
†jL| 3
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ M¨vm `ywUi cwienb cÖwµqv we‡kølY
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvwYwUi AbyK‚j cwi‡e‡ki eske„w× cÖwµqv
Ki| 4
wPÎmn eY©bv Ki| 4
7 X
3  iyBgv‡Qi †giæ`‡Ði wb‡P Ges †cŠw÷Kbvwji Dc‡i _wji
Y
g‡Zv A½ †`Lv hvq| iæBgvQ I gvbyl †giæ`Ðx n‡jI i³
msenb Z‡š¿ wfbœZv Av‡Q| Z

K. cvk¦‡© iLv Zš¿ Kx? 1

L. m¤ú~Y© iƒcvšÍi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 K. wcfU Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki _wji g‡Zv A½wUi MVb I KvR †jL| 3 L. †UbWb I wjMv‡g›U Gi ˆewkó¨ †jL| 2
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl evK¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 M. DÏxc‡Ki 'X' I 'Y' Gi cv_©K¨ †jL| 3
4 N. DÏxc‡Ki 'Z' Kxfv‡e A½mÂvj‡b mnvqZv K‡i
Y e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
8 P  ♂ gyK I ewai  ♀ gyK I ewai
X

F1 Õ¼vfvweK

K. Uvqvwjb Kx? 1 F2 ??
L. Aiwbw_b Pµ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 K. †jvKvm Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki 'X' As‡ki hvwš¿K I ivmvqwbK cwicvK L. Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
c×wZ †jL| 3 M. DÏxc‡Ki F1 Rbyi mK‡jB ¯^vfvweK †Kb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki 'X' As‡ki mÂqx I wecvKxq f‚wgKv N. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K F2 Rby †PKvi‡ev‡W©i gva¨‡g
we‡kølY Ki| 4 we‡kølY Ki| 4
 69
wfKviæbwbmv b~b ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, XvKv welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1 P = ‰G`i wifvmÆ ˆcwiÕ¡vjwmm NGU 5  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
Chordata Q = ‰G`i mvivRxeb KWÆvUvi cÉv^wgK P-‰i ewniveiY ˆcwiKw´£Èqvg
ŠewkÓ¡Åmgƒn we`Ågvb ^vGK|
Q-‰i ewniveiY ˆcwiAwÕ¡qvg
R = ‰G`i dzjKvi®¬È ev dzjKv ev dzmdzm
bvgK k¼mb Aã ^vGK|
K. wn‡gvwmj Kx? 1
L. wÎc` bvgKiY ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ Gi ˆewkó¨mg~n †jL| 3 K. d¨vwmKzjvm Kx? 1
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ P Gi †P‡q R AwaK DbœZ  Dw³wU L. cÖ_g †kÖwYi wjfvi ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
we‡kølY Ki| 4 M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ Q Gi MvVwbK GK‡Ki, MVb eY©bv
2  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ¨ Ki Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ R wewfbœ cÖKv‡ii nq-Dw³wU we‡kølY
Ki| 4
6
mv`v mv`v
×
†Kvl-P K¨vcmy¨j-Q
K. c½cvj Kx? 1
L. Am¤ú~Y© iƒcvšÍi ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 F1 ˆeàwb
M. DÏxc‡Ki †Kvl-‘P’ Gi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 F2 9t7
N. DÏxc‡Ki K¨vcm¨yj GKB cÖvYx‡Z bvbv ai‡bi n‡q
K. †U÷ µm Kx? 1
_v‡K we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
3  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ¨ Ki
M. F₂ Rbyi djvdj †PKvi †ev‡W©i gva¨‡g †`LvI| 3
N. F₂ Rby‡Z cÖvß djvd‡ji KviY we‡kølY Ki| 4
7  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ¨ K‡iv :

K.Mø–‡KvwbI‡R‡bwmm Kx? 1
K.eªvw¼I‡÷Mvj c`©v Kx? 1 L.gvby‡li `Ðms‡KZ †jL? 2
L.mvBK¬‡qW AvuBk ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 M.DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
M.DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Îi 'M' A½wUi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
N.kK©iv I Avwgl RvZxq Lv`¨ cwicv‡K DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi
N.DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi i³ cwien‡bi c_ GK Pµxq
f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki| 4
we‡kølY Ki| 4
8  GKwU ¯^qswµq cv¤ú A‡½i ms‡KvPb-cÖmvi‡Yi gva¨‡g
4  gvbe‡`‡ni my¯’Zvq †fw›U‡jkb bvgK GKwU cÖwµqv m¤úbœ
gvbe‡`‡ni i³mÂvjb nq| wKQy KcvwUKv I †bv‡Wi gva¨‡g
nq| †Kvb Kvi‡Y gvby‡li gyLgÐjxq As‡k Aew¯’Z MnŸi
A½wUi Kvh©µg wbqwš¿Z nq|
AvµvšÍ n‡j †fw›U‡jkb cÖwµqv e¨vnZ nIqvmn bvbv
K. A¨vwi_wgqv Kx? 1
RwUjZvi †ivM nq|
L. agwb I wkivi cv_©K¨ †jL| 2
K. †K¬vivBW wkdU Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡K A½wUi KcvwUKvmg~‡ni Ae¯’vb I KvR D‡jøL
L. mvid¨vK‡U›U Gi KvR¸‡jv †jL| 2
Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g jvB‡b D‡jøwLZ cÖwµqvwU eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl jvB‡b D‡jøwLZ †iv‡Mi KviY, jÿY I N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ A½wUi Kvh©vewj wbqš¿YKvix
cÖwZKvi m¤ú‡K© †jL| 4 †bvWmg~‡ni Kvh©vewj we‡kølY Ki| 4
 70
XvKv †iwm‡Wbwmqvj g‡Wj K‡jR welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1 cÖevj Øxc Avgv‡`i cwiwPZ; GB Øxc ˆZwi K‡i GKwU c‡e©i 5  wkÿK ej‡jb, iæB gv‡Qi GKwU we‡kl A½ i‡q‡Q hv
m`m¨iv| Avevi wm‡jv‡gi wfwˇZI cÖvwYRM‡Zi evZv‡m c~Y© _v‡K hv fvimvg¨ eRvq ivL‡Z Ges cvwb‡Z k¦vm
†kÖwYweb¨vm Kiv n‡q‡Q| wb‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| Gi msenbZš¿ †Zvgvi †_‡K Avjv`v|
K. wdK¨vwÛwU Kx? 1
K. wÎc` bvgKiY Kx? 1
L. †cÖvUv‡gvWªgvm ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
L. fjøvKvi cÖvYx ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ we‡kl A‡½i MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
M. cÖevj ˆZwiKvix cÖvYx c‡e©i ˆewkó¨ e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl evK¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl evK¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 6  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
2  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki A

A
B
C
B
D
E
K. jvB‡cv‡R‡bwmm Kx? 1 K. wmgdvBwmm Kx? 1
L. mv°vm G‡›UwiKvm ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 L. wjfv‡ii (Lever) Ask¸‡jv bvg †jL| 2
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ 'D' Gi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ B As‡ki MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ 'C' MVbwU mÂqx f‚wgKvi cvkvcvwk N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ 'A' wPwýZ As‡ki MVbMZ cv_©‡K¨i
Zzjbv Ki| 4
wecvKxq f‚wgKvI cvjb K‡i  we‡kølY Ki| 4
7 jvj dzj I mv`v dz‡ji µ‡m F1 G mKj dzj †Mvcvwj nq;
3  Avgv‡`i †`‡ni i³‡K evwnKvi wfZi w`‡q mÂvj‡bi Rb¨ F2 = K; L = 1 : 4 : 6 : 1
w·KvYvKvi GKwU A½ cÖavb f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i| K. cÖKiY Kx? 1
kvixie„Ëxqfv‡e i³ ZÂb GKwU ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ˆRewbK KvR| L. iæB gv‡Qi cvLbv m~Î †jL| 2
K. A¨v‡_v‡ivgv Kx? 1 M. DÏxcK ÒKÓ Gi Rb¨ †gŠwjK m~Î †KvbwU  we‡kølY
L. †cvU©vj msenb ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 Ki| 3
N. DÏxcK ÒLÓ e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ A½wUi j¤^‡”Q‡`i wPwýZ wPÎ `vI| 3
8  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© ˆRewbK KvRwU Kxfv‡e
wcZvi i懳i g~Kewai cyiæl I
N‡U? we‡kølYc~e©K gšÍe¨ Ki| 4 MÖæc = A; g~Kewai gwnjvi we‡q n‡j
4  gvby‡li eÿMnŸ‡ii `yÕcv‡k AmsL¨ evqyc‡Ö Kvô hy³ A½ gvZvi i‡³i MÖæc F2 = ?
Av‡Q, hv O2 I CO2 M¨v‡mi wewbgq NUvq| = B;
C D
K. UvBWvj fwjDg Kx? 1
K. Gwi‡_ªveøv‡÷vwmm wdUvwjm Kx? 1
L. †K¬vivBW wkdU ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
L. Survival of the Fittest ej‡K Kx eySvq? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi ÿz`ªZg GK‡Ki MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡K "C" Gi mšÍvb‡`i i‡³i MÖæc Kx n‡e 
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ M¨vm cwien‡bi kvixie„Ë e¨vL¨v wRbZvwË¡K e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
Ki| 4 N. DÏxcK "D" we‡kølY K‡i †PKvi †ev‡W© †`LvI| 4
 71
mwdDwÏb miKvi GKv‡Wwg GÛ K‡jR, U½x, MvRxcyi welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki 5  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
wkLv †Kvl †bwd«wWqv gvjwcwRqvb bvwjKv ˆhvRK wUmyÅ
K. U¨vMgvUvB‡Rkb Kx? 1
L. Aixq cÖwZmg cÖvYx ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
A B
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖ_g A½wU †h c‡e©i Zvi ˆcwiAwÕ¡Èqvg ˆcwiKw´£Èqvg
kbv³Kvix ˆewkó¨ I D`vniY `vI| 3 «¼viv Ave†Z «¼viv Ave†Z
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ †k‡lv³ A½ `ywU †h c‡e©i, Zv‡`i K. mvi‡KvcøvRg Kx? 1
g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki| 4 L. nvqvwjb wUmy¨i ˆewkó¨ †jL| 2
2  1g aiv : K  CO2 hy³ i³  dzjKv M. DÏxc‡Ki A Ges B wUmy¨i g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ †jL| 3
2q aviv : dzjKv  O2 hy³ i³  †`n  K N. MVb cÖK…wZ Abymv‡i DÏxc‡Ki B wUmy¨i cÖKvi‡f`
we‡kølY Ki| 4
K. IwfcwRUi Kx? 1
6  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
L. dzjKv †iKvi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ msen‡bi 1g avivwUi mwPÎ e¨vL¨v
Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖvYxwUi msen‡bi aviv wØPµxq
cÖK…wZi bqwe‡kølY Ki| 4 P
3  cÖvwYRM‡Zi me‡P‡q eo c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i i‡q‡Q we‡kl
ai‡bi k¦mbZš¿|
K. Rxe‰ewPΨ Kx? 1
K. I‡mwj Kx? 1 L. AšÍtk¦mb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
L. Am¤ú~Y© iƒcvšÍi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 M. DÏxc‡Ki P wPwýZ As‡ki MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ we‡kl ai‡bi k¦mbZš¿wU e¨vL¨v N. DÏxc‡Ki P wPwýZ As‡k M¨v‡mi wewbg‡q i‡³i
Ki| 3 f‚wgKv we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖvYxwU Av‡jvi ZviZ‡g¨i wfwˇZ 7  Avgv‡`i †`‡n GKwU †m›Uªvj cvw¤ús A½ Av‡Q Ges Gi
wfbœ ai‡bi cÖwZwe¤^ MVb K‡iwe‡kølY Ki| 4 ms‡KvPb I cÖmvi‡Yi d‡j mviv †`‡n i³ cwievwnZ nq|
4  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki K. mvBbymvBwUm Kx? 1
L. †cvU©vj msenb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki D‡jøwLZ A½wUi j¤^‡”Q‡`i wPwýZ wPÎ
A
AuvK| 3
cwicvK MÉw¯©
N. A½wU‡Z `ywU we‡kl mg‡q Ges we‡kl Kvi‡Y `ywU
k‡ãi m„wó nqwe‡kølY Ki| 4
8  †g‡Û‡ji 1g m~‡Îi cwie‡Z© wKQy †ÿ‡Î 1 t 2 t 1 AbycvZ
cvIqv hvq, †Zgwb 2 t 1 AbycvZI n‡Z cv‡i|
K. A¨v¤úyjv Ae f¨vUvi Kx? 1
K. A¨vwjj Kx? 1
L. `šÍ ms‡KZ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 L. msKi Rxe ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. A GKwU wgkÖ MÖwš’e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ 1g AbycvZwUi wRbZvwË¡K e¨vL¨v
N. A wbtm„Z GbRvBg meai‡bi Lvevi cwicv‡K mnvqK Ki| 3
 we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ AbycvZwUi KviY we‡kølY Ki| 4
 72
miKvwi GWIqvW© K‡jR, cvebv welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  †ivRv Zvi eÜyi MÖv‡gi evwo‡Z †eov‡Z †Mj| †mLv‡b wM‡q 5  cwicvK GKwU RwUj cÖwµqv hvi cÖv_wgK Dcv`vb jvjv im|
cyK‡z ii iæB gvQ, †`kx gyiwM Avi Miæi gvsm w`‡q fvZ cwiwgZ Lv`¨ MÖn‡Y †`n my¯’ _v‡K| ¯’j
‚ Zv bvgK †h Amy¯’Zv
†Lj| i‡q‡Q Zv AwZwi³ Lv`¨ MÖn‡Yi Rb¨ `vqx|
K. wm‡jvg Kx? 1 K. KvBg Kx? 1
L. ev`yo cvwL bq †Kb? 2 L. wgkÖMwš’ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g cÖvwYwUi ce© wfwËK ˆewkó¨ †jL| 3 M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖv_wgK Dcv`v‡bi MVb I KvR
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡li cÖvYx `ywUi g‡a¨ †kÖwYwfwËK Zzjbv
†jL| 3
Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ Amy¯’Zv †_‡K my¯’ nevi Dcvq
2  cvV¨cy¯‡Í Ki AšÍ©MZ wgVv cvwbi gvQ hvi †`n mvBK¬‡qW
†jL| 4
AvBu‡k Ave„Z| GB gvQwUi †ejy‡bi gZ GKwU we‡kl A½
6  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
Av‡Q hv Zv‡K fvm‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i|
K. Kvc© Kx? 1 B
dzmdzm A
L. A¨vU‡iwkqv ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 RA LA
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ mvBK¬‡qW AvBukwUi MVb eY©bv Ki|3
RV LV
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ †ejy‡bi gZ A½wU Kxfv‡e gvQ‡K
fvm‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i eywS‡q ej| 4
ˆ`n
3  c½cvj bvgavix cZ½wU cÖvYxRM‡Zi e„nËg ce©f³
z | Rxe K. †cm‡gKvi Kx? 1
RM‡Z G cÖvwYwUi A_©‰bwZK ¸iæZ¡ e¨vcK| L. AYyPwµKvi KvR †jL| 2
K. IgvwUwWqvg Kx 1 M. DÏxc‡K A I B i³evwnKv¸‡jvi bvg I KvR †jL| 3
L. wn‡gvwmj Kv‡K e‡j? 2 N. wP‡Î D‡jøwLZ wØPµx msenb m¤ú‡K© †jL| 4
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖvwYwUi `k©b †KŠkj eY©bv Ki| 3 7  bvbv iKg KvR m¤úbœ Kivi Rb¨ Avgv‡`i †`‡n KsKjvZš¿
N. RxeRM‡Z cÖvwYwUi A_©‰bwZK ¸iæZ¡ Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4 Av‡Q hv Aw¯’, †Kvgjvw¯’ wb‡q MwVZ|
4  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki K. mvBbymvBwUm Kx? 1
L. kmb e„ÿ Kv‡K e‡j? 2
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ Zš¿wUi cÖ_g Dcv`v‡bi MVb eY©bv
Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K Zš¿wU Avgv‡`i Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© eywS‡q ej| 4
8  †g‡Û‡ji 1g m~‡Îi AbycvZ 3 t 1| cieZ©x‡Z 僇Yi
g„Zz¨‡Z G m~‡Îi e¨wZµg cvIqv hvq|
K. wee©Zb Kx? 1
K. wg‡_vRxweZv Kv‡K e‡j? 1
L. cv`PvKwZi KvR †jL| 2 L. wbw¯µq A½ Kv‡K e‡j? 2

M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖvYxwUi wkKvi aivi †KŠkj †jL| 3 M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ 1g m~‡Îi AbycvZwU eywS‡q `vI| 3
N. cÖvwYwUi cwicvK `ywU av‡c m¤úbœ nq e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ e¨wZµgwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
 73
PÆMÖvg K‡jR welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1 wb‡Pi wPθ‡jv jÿ Ki M. DÏxc‡Ki cwi‡cÖwÿ‡Z e¨v‡ivwi‡mÞ‡ii f‚wgKv eY©bv
Ki| 3
N. Avjxg mv‡n‡ei kvixwiK cwiw¯’wZ we‡ePbvq †h
ai‡bi wPwKrmvi cÖ‡qvRb Zvi Kvh©µg m¤ú‡K©
Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4
6  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
A B C
K. g¨v›Uj Kx? 1
L. †Kvlxq gvÎvi MVb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
X
M. DÏxc‡Ki 'B' Gi ˆewkó¨ †jL| 3 Y
N. DÏxc‡Ki A, B I C-Gi ce©wfwËK Zzjbv Ki| 4
2 evMv‡b jvwd‡q Pjv GK ai‡bi cÖvYx †`Lv hvq hv‡`i wZb
†Rvov mwÜhy³ cv Av‡Q| G‡`i `„wókw³I †ek DbœZ| K. k¦mb Kx? 1
Av‡jvi ZviZg¨ NU‡jI G‡`i `„wókw³ Kvh©Ki _v‡K| L. k¦vm MÖn‡Yi mgq eÿwcÄi cÖmvwiZ nq †Kb? 2
K. I‡mwj Kx? 1 M. 'X' cwien‡b wn‡gv‡Møvwe‡bi f‚wgKv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. †UMwgbv ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 N. wKQy mœvqweK DÏxcbv DÏxc‡Ki Kvh©µg wbqš¿‡Y
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi cv‡qi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 f‚wgKv iv‡L Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡li evK¨wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 7 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
3 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
A CO2 hyÚ iÚ O2 hyÚ iÚ A
B

CO2 hyÚ iÚ
ˆ`Gni Aãmgƒn
K. GKPµx i³msenb Kv‡K e‡j? 1
L. dvB‡mv‡÷vgvm evqy_wj ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 K. †cwkwUmy¨ Kx? 1
M. 'A'-Gi j¤^‡”Q` A¼b I i³ cÖev‡ni w`K () L. c¨v‡Ujv‡K wmmvg‡qW Aw¯’ ejv nq †Kb? 2
wPwýZ Ki| 3 M. 'A' †cwki MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K CO2 hy³ i‡³i msenb e¨vL¨v N. DÏxcK Abymv‡i Aw¯’i mv‡_ †cwki mgš^q N‡U
Ki| 4 we‡kølY Ki| 4
4 Zvmwbg K¬vm †k‡l `yc‡y i evmvq wd‡i †`‡L gv gvsm ivbœv 8  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
K‡i‡Q| †m M‡Ü ÿzavZ© Zvmwb‡gi gyL jvjvq f‡i †Mj| wd‡bvUv wb‡MÖv  ♀ †k¦Zv½
†`wi bv K‡i †m fvZ I gvsm †L‡q wbj| Bc : gvbyl ♂ gvbyl
K. jvjv Kx? 1 wR‡bvUv B1B1B2 b1b1b2b2
Bc : B 2
L. wRnŸv Kxfv‡e ¯^v` MÖnY K‡i? 2
M. Zvmwb‡gi gyL jvjvq f‡i hvIqvi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 F1 wgD
F2 j¨v‡Uv
N. DÏxc‡Ki D‡jøwLZ Lv`¨e¯‘i cwicvK cÖwµqv
?
Zvmwb‡gi †`‡n Kxfv‡e NU‡e we‡kølY Ki| 4
K. cwjwRb Kv‡K e‡j? 1
5 Avjxg mv‡n‡ei eqm 70, bvbvwea gvbwmK Pv‡c wech©¯Í
L. AvšÍtcÖRvwZK msMÖvg ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
_v‡Kb| B`vwbs Zuvi n„`¯ú›`bRwbZ Q›`cZb †`Lv w`‡q‡Q|
M. DÏxc‡Ki F2 Rbyi djvdj †PKvi †ev‡W©i gva¨‡g
G gyn‡~ Z© Zuvi i³Pvc 160/90 wg.wg. gvK©vix| †`LvI| 3
K. cøvK (Plaque) Kx? 1 N. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K F1 Rb‡Mvôxi g‡a¨ †h ˆewPΨ
L. Gwi‡_ªvc‡qwmm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 †`Lv hvq Zvi ¸iæZ¡ Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4
 74
B¯úvnvwb cvewjK ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, PÆMÖvg welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : 5  gvbe‡`‡ni eÿMnŸ‡ii evw`‡K †gvPvK…wZi GKwU A½
i‡q‡Q| ms‡KvPb-cÖmvi‡Yi gva¨‡g A½wU mgMÖ †`‡n cywó I
O2 mieivn K‡i|
K. †cm‡gKvi Kx? 1
wPÎ : K wPÎ : L
L. i³ ZÂb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
K. wm‡jvg Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi j¤^‡”Q‡`i wPwýZ wPÎ AuvK| 3
L. cÖwZmvg¨Zv ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ A½wUi Kvh©vewj PµvKv‡i m¤úbœ
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖvYx `ywUi c‡e©i ˆewkó¨MZ cv_©K¨
nq  we‡kølY Ki| 4
eY©bv Ki| 3
6  Avgv‡`i eÿMnŸ‡i †Mvjvwc, ¯úwÄ, big `ywU A½ i‡q‡Q|
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖvYx `ywU evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ‡Z
GwU we‡kl †KŠk‡j k¦vm MÖnY I Z¨vM K‡i|
Kxfv‡e mnvqZv Ki‡Q we‡kølY Ki| 4
K. g¨v‡µv‡dR Kx? 1
2  cvV¨m~wPi AšÍfz©³ wدÍix cÖvYxi GwcWvwg©‡m GKcÖKvi †Kvl
L. k¦mbZ‡š¿i Ask¸‡jvi bvg avivµ‡g †jL| 2
_v‡K| GwU wkKvi, AvZ¥iÿv I Pj‡b we‡kl f‚wgKv cvjb
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ A‡½i MVb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
K‡i| ZvQvov Zvi M¨v‡÷ªvWvwg©‡m GKcÖKvi meyR ˆkevj evm
K‡i| Zv‡`i GB mnve¯’v‡b Df‡qB DcK…Z nq| N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ we‡kl †KŠkj we‡kølY Ki| 4

K. †g‡mvwMøqv Kx? 1 7  RxeweÁv‡bi K¬v‡m wkÿK ej‡jb †h Avgv‡`i †giæ`Ð

L. nvBWªvi wm‡j‡›Uib‡K M¨v‡÷ªvfv¯‹zjvi MnŸi ejv nq KZ¸‡jv K‡kiæKvi mgš^‡q MwVZ| K‡kiæKv¸‡jvi g‡a¨

†Kb? 2 GKwU AvswU AvK…wZi| GwU K¼vjZ‡š¿i GKwU Ask|

M. DÏxc‡Ki GwcWvwg©‡mi D‡jøwLZ †KvlwUi MVb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 gvbe‡`‡ni Pj‡b GB Zš¿ QvovI †cwkZš¿ ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl jvBbwUi h_v_©Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4 cvjb K‡i|
3  wkÿK GKwU ˆewPΨgq `k©b †KŠkjwewkó Z…Y‡fvRx cÖvYx K. d¨vwmKzjvm Kx? 1
Ges wkiv n„rwcÐwewkó RjR Z…Y‡fvRx cÖvYx wb‡q Av‡jvPbv L. †Kvb ZiæYvw¯’ nv‡oi g‡Zv k³ Ges †Kb? 2
Ki‡jb| M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ K‡kiæKvwUi wPÎmn MVb e¨vL¨v
K. GwjUªv Kx? 1 Ki| 3
L. †gŠgvwQi iƒcvšÍi‡K m¤ú~Y© iƒcvšÍi ejv nq †Kb? 2 N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ `yB ai‡bi Z‡š¿i mgwš^Z
M. D‡jøwLZ cÖ_g cÖvYxwUi `k©b GK‡Ki MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 Kvh©µ‡gB †`n mÂvwjZ nq we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡Ki wØZxq cÖvYxwU msiÿY Riæwi we‡kølY 8  Mf©eZx wgbyi i‡³i MÖæc AB | Zvi ¯^vgx Rh |
ve +ve

Ki| 4 K. wj_vj wRb Kx? 1

4  fvZ I gvQ Avgv‡`i †`n MV‡bi cÖavb Dcv`vb Ges GKwU L. cÖvK…wZK wbe©vPb gZev` ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
Ôeo MÖwš’Õ G‡`i wecvKxq cÖwµqvq f‚wgKv iv‡L| M. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K wgbyi Kx Kx RwUjZv n‡Z cv‡i
K. Bgvjwmwd‡Kkb Kv‡K e‡j? 1
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. ¯’j
~ Zv ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
N. DÏxc‡Ki wgbyi i‡³i cÖ‡qvRb n‡j †Kvb ai‡bi i³
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g Lv`¨wUi cwicvK cÖwµqv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
†m MÖnY Ki‡Z cvi‡e? we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ ev‡K¨i †kl Ask we‡kølY Ki| 4
 75
Rvjvjvev` K¨v›Ub‡g›U cvewjK ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, wm‡jU welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki K. Adam's Apple Kx? 1
cÖwZmvg¨Zv wm‡jvg L. mvBbymvBwUm ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
(X) (Y) M. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' -wPwýZ As‡ki MVb wPÎmn e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
K. wm‡jvg Kx? 1
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ Z‡š¿i Kvh©µg i³ msenbZ‡š¿i
L. wØc` Ges wÎ-c` bvgKiY ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. D`vniYmn DÏxc‡Ki 'X' eY©bv Ki| 3 Dci wbf©ikxj we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. †`‡ni cÖwZwU Af¨šÍixY MnŸi DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ 'Y' 6  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
bq| hw` ZvB nq, D`vniYmn me ai‡bi 'Y' e¨vL¨v
B
Ki| 4
A
2 cZ½ †kÖwYi GKwU cÖvYx GK ai‡bi RwUj †Pv‡Li mvnv‡h¨
`k©b cÖwµqv m¤úv`b K‡i|
K. A¨vU‡iwkqv Kx? 1
L. iƒcvšÍi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖvYxi `k©b GK‡Ki MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
N. D‡jøwLZ cÖvYxi `k©b cÖwµqv Av‡jvi ZxeªZvi Dci K. c¨v‡Ujv Kx? 1
wbf©ikxj we‡kølY Ki| 4 L. n¨vfviwmqvb Zš¿ ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
3 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki M. DÏxc‡Ki D‡jøwLZ A AskwUi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki A I B Ask `ywUi g‡a¨ Zzjbvg~jK we‡kølY
Ki| 4
A
7  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki

B
P  ♂ gƒK ewai  ♀ gƒK ewai

K. Bgvjwmwd‡Kkb Kx? 1
L. AMœ¨vkq‡K wgkÖ MÖwš’ ejv nq †Kb? 2 F1  Õ¼vfvweK
M. Dc‡ii DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ 'A' As‡ki Lv`¨ cwicvK K. A¨vwjj Kx? 1
cÖwµqv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 L. wj_vj wRb ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
N. DÏxc‡K 'B' As‡ki KvR wewfbœ ni‡gv‡bi Dci wbf©i M. DÏxcK Abyhvqx F1 Rbyi mevB ¯^vfvweK nIqvi KviY
K‡i  e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
4 gvbe‡`‡ni eÿMnŸ‡ii ev-w`‡K †gvPvK…wZi GKwU A½ N. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K F2 Rbyi djvdj †PKvi †ev‡W©i
i‡q‡Q| ms‡KvPb-cÖmvi‡Yi gva¨‡g A½wU mgMÖ‡`‡n cywó I
gva¨‡g we‡kølY Ki| 4
Aw·‡Rb mieivn K‡i|
K. A¨vbRvBbv Kx? 1 8 weMj Rvnv‡R ågYKvix GKRb cÖK…wZweÁvbx Awfe¨w³
L. cøvRgv ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 m¤úwK©Z Zvi gZev`wUi gva¨‡g Awfe¨w³i Kjv‡KŠkj
M. DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi j¤^‡”Q‡`i wPwýZ wPÎ AuvK| 3 e¨vL¨v K‡ib| hw`I GwU hyMvšÍKvix gZev` Z_vwc GwU
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ A½wUi Kvh©vewj PµvKv‡i m¤úbœ me©Rb ¯^xK…Z bq|
nq we‡kølY Ki| 4 K. A¨vbRvBbv Kx? 1
5 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki L. mgms¯’ A½ Kv‡K e‡j? 2
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ gZev`wUi †gŠwjK wm×všÍ¸‡jv
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
A
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ †kl wee„wZwU we‡kølY Ki| 4
 76
gyivwiPuv` K‡jR, wm‡jU welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1 Avgv‡`i eÿ‡`‡k Ggb GKwU ¯ú›`bkxj A½ i‡q‡Q hvi 5  gvgyb mv‡n‡ei `yB †Q‡j I GK †g‡q| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ `yB
PµvKvi ¯ú›`b cÖwµqvq †`‡ni mKj As‡k i³ PjvPj †Q‡jB eY©vÜ wKš‘ †g‡qwU ¯^vfvweK `„wó m¤úbœ|
Ki‡Z cv‡i| my¯’‡`‡ni Rb¨ cÖ‡qvRb A½wUi ¯^vfvweK K. mgms¯’ A½ Kv‡K e‡j? 1
¯ú›`b| L. Gwi‡_ªveøv‡÷vwmm wdUvwjm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
K. _ª‡¤^vwmm Kx? 1 M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ ˆewkó¨wU msMV‡bi KviY e¨vL¨v
L. jwmKvi KvR D‡jøL Ki| 2 Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡Ki 1g As‡k DwjøwLZ cÖwµqvwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 N. gvgyb mv‡ne I Zvi ¯¿xi wR‡bvUvBc µ‡mi gva¨‡g
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 eY©bv Ki| 4
2 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki 6  w`cv wRiv‡di j¤^v Mjv m¤ú‡K© wkÿ‡Ki Kv‡Q Rvb‡Z
wSbyK cøvwUcvm K¨v½viæ PvB‡j wkÿK weeZ©‡bi Av‡jv‡K Zv e¨vL¨v K‡ib| mv‡_
A B C Av‡iv ej‡jb †h, Ggb GKwU cÖvYx wQj hv †`L‡Z cvwLi
K. LÐvqb Kv‡K e‡j? 1 g‡Zv n‡jI Zvi g‡a¨ mixm„‡ci ˆewkó¨I we`¨gvb wQj|
L. Craniata ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 K. wR‡bvg Kv‡K e‡j? 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki A I B cÖvYxi †kÖwYweb¨vmMZ Ae¯’vb L. cwj‡RwbK Bb‡nwiU¨vÝ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ 1g cÖvYx m¤ú‡K© wkÿK †h e¨vL¨v
N. DÏxc‡Ki B I C cÖvYxi mv`„k¨Zv I ˆemv`„k¨Zv cÖ`vb K‡ib Zv eY©bv Ki| 3
we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡Ki 2q cÖvYxwUi weeZ©wbK ¸iæZ¡ we‡kølY Ki| 4
3 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki 7  gv_vi Lywji gyLgÐjxi As‡k bvmv MnŸ‡ii `yÕcv‡k K‡qK
A †Rvov we‡kl MnŸi _v‡K hv evZv‡mi cwie‡Z© Zi‡j c~Y©
n‡j RxevYy Øviv msµwgZ n‡q cÖ`vn m„wó K‡i|
K. wmKj †mj A¨vwbwgqv Kv‡K e‡j? 1
B L. eskMwZi †µv‡gv‡Rvg ZË¡ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ MnŸi¸wji bvg, Ae¯’vb I cÖ`vb
K. †ewiqvwUª· Kx? 1 m¤ú‡K© †jL| 3
L. hvwš¿K cwicv‡Ki cÖ‡qvRbxqZv †jL| 2 N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖ`vn n‡Z Kxfv‡e gy³ _vKv hvq
M. kK©iv wecv‡K 'A' As‡ki f‚wgKv eY©bv Ki| 3 e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡Ki 'B' wPwýZ Ask wewfbœ Lv`¨mvi cwi‡kvl‡Yi 8  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
Rb¨ Acwinvh© we‡kølY Ki| 4
ej
4 gvby‡li dzmdz‡m AmsL¨ ey`ey‡`i g‡Zv cÖ‡Kvô we`¨gvb Ges
Gi cÖvPx‡i Aew¯’Z ˆKwkK bvwji i‡³i gva¨‡g O2 I CO2 fvi
dvjKÌvg
Gi wewbgq N‡U|
K. wjMv‡g›U Kx? 1
K. cøyiv Kx? 1
L. n„rwcÐ K¬všÍ nq bv †Kb? 2
L. k¦m‡b eÿwcćii cÖ‡qvRbxqZv †jL? 2
M. DÏxc‡K cÖ`wk©Z wjfv‡ii Abyiƒc cÖwµqv gvby‡li
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ ey`ey‡`i g‡Zv cÖ‡Kv‡ôi MVb eY©bv
Ki| 3 †`‡nI wµqvkxj e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki D‡jøwLZ M¨vm `ywUi wewbg‡qi ¸iæZ¡ N. DÏxc‡K cÖ`wk©Z cÖwµqvwU gvbe‡`‡n m¤úbœ Ki‡Z
we‡kølY Ki| 4 GKvwaK Zš¿ mw¤§wjZfv‡e KvR K‡i we‡kølY Ki| 4
 77
K¨v›Ub‡g›U cvewjK ¯‹zj I K‡jR, iscyi welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1 wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki K. †g‡mvwMøqv Kx? 1
L. Wvqv‡cvR ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖvYxwUi cÖavb k¦mb A‡½i eY©bv
`vI| 3
K L N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl jvBbwUi h_v_©Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4
K. †jvKvm Kv‡K e‡j? 1 5  Avgv‡`i †`‡n GKwU †m›Uªvj cvw¤ús A½ Av‡Q Ges
ms‡KvPb I cÖmvi‡Yi d‡j mviv †`‡n i³ cwievwnZ nq|
L. wÎc` bvgKiY ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
K. A¨vbRvBbv Kv‡K e‡j? 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔKÕ wPÎwU †h Dcc‡e©i cÖvYx H Dcce©wUi
L. †cvU©vj msenb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
ˆewkó¨ †jL| 3 M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ A½wUi j¤^‡”Q‡`i wPwýZ wPÎ
N. DÏxc‡Ki ÔKÕ I ÔLÕ K‡W©U wKš‘ DfqB †giæ`Ðx bq AuvK| 3
 we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. A½wU‡Z `ywU we‡kl mg‡q Ges we‡kl Kvi‡Y `ywU
2  cÖvYxRM‡Z Ggb GKwU cÖvYx i‡q‡Q hvi †`‡n AvµgYvZ¥K k‡ãi m„wó nq we‡kølY Ki| 4
†Kvl we`¨gvb| Avevi G cÖvYxwU c`Zj‡K gy³ K‡i 6  wg. X I wg. Y `yB eÜy| wg. X a~gcvb Ki‡jI wg. Y a~gcvb
K‡i bv| wKš‘ wg. Y gv‡S gv‡S gv_v e¨_vmn mw`© R¡‡i
`ªæZMwZ‡Z Ges gy³ bv K‡i j¤^v `~iZ¡ AwZµg K‡i|
AvµvšÍ nq|
K. †hŠb wØiæcZv Kx? 1
K. mvi‡dKU¨v›U Kx? 1
L. Am¤ú~Y© iƒcvšÍi ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 L. †fbvm nvU© ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ AvµgYvZ¥K †KvlwUi MVb e¨vL¨v M. DÏxc‡Ki wg. Y Gi mgm¨vwUi KviY eY©bv Ki| 3
Ki| 3 N. DÏxcK Abyhvqx fwel¨‡Z wg. X Gi wK ai‡bi mgm¨v
N. DÏxc‡Ki Pjb `ywU wfbœ ai‡bi  we‡kølY Ki| 4 n‡Z cv‡i? †Zvgvi gZvgZ we‡kølY Ki| 4
7  A-wdgvi
3  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki
B-wcbv
A K. A¨v›Uv‡MvwbwóK †cwk Kx? 1
L. Z…Zxq †kÖwYi wjfvi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
B
M. DÏxc‡Ki A I B A½ `ywUi g‡a¨ MVbMZ cv_©K¨
C †jL| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki A A½wUi MvVwbK GK‡Ki mwPÎ MVb
K. Mø–‡Kvwb‡qv‡R‡bwmm Kv‡K e‡j? 1 we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. AMœ¨vkq‡K †Kb wgkÖMÖwš’ ejv nq? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 8  iZ‡bi i‡³i MÖæc ÔO Õ Ges Zvi ¯¿x iæwebvi i‡³i MÖæc
+ve

M. DÏxc‡Ki B A½wU‡Z Avwgl Kxfv‡e cwicvK nq? ÔABveÕ| Zv‡`i cÖ_g mšÍvb my¯’ ¯^vfvweK Rš§v‡jI cieZ©x
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 mšÍvb R‡š§i c‡iB i³ k~b¨Zvq g„Zz¨eiY K‡i‡Q|
K. Gwc֬vwmm Kx? 1
N. DÏxc‡Ki A A½wU gvbe‡`‡ni cÖavb mÂq †K›`ª
L. ÔArchaeopteryxÕ G cvwLi wZbwU ˆewkó¨ †jL| 2
we‡kølY Ki| 4
M. DÏxc‡Ki `¤úwZi mšÍvb‡`i i‡³i MÖæc wRbZvwË¡Kfv‡e
4  Nvmdwos GKwU mvaviY cZ½| w`‡bi D¾¡j Av‡jv I w¯ÍwgZ wbY©q Ki| 3
Av‡jv `yB †ÿ‡ÎB Nvmdwos Gi `„wókw³ mgfv‡e Kvh©Ki N. DÏxc‡Ki `¤úwZi wØZxq mšÍv‡bi g„Zz¨i KviY
_v‡K bv| we‡kølY Ki| 4
 78
Avb›` †gvnb K‡jR, gqgbwmsn welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖk¸
œ ‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1 †jMnb© Rv‡Zi †gviM-gyiwM‡Z iwOb cvj‡Ki wRb _vKv 5  wb‡Pi wPθ‡jv jÿ Ki
m‡Ë¡I G‡`i iO mv`v nq| Avevi mv`v i‡Oi †jMnb© I
IqvBbW‡Ui eskvbyµ‡g mv`v I iwOb Dfq ˆewk‡ó¨i
Avwef©ve N‡U|
K. wj_vj wRb Kx? 1
L. †Uó µm I e¨vK µ‡mi cv_©K¨ Kx? 2 A B C
M. DÏxc‡Ki NUbvwU‡Z cÖ_g eskai‡`i †ÿ‡Î iwOb K. m¨vµvg Kx? 1
cvjK bv cvIqvi KviY e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 L. Aw÷Ib ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
N. NUbvwU Kxfv‡e †g‡Û‡ji wØZxq m~Î †_‡K e¨vwZµg M. DÏxc‡Ki A I B Gi mv‡_ C Gi ˆemv`„k¨¸‡jv
cÖ`k©b K‡i e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 Av‡jvPbv Ki| 3
2 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki N. DÏxc‡Ki A, B I C Qvov gvbe Rxeb Am¤¢e e¨vL¨v
Ki| 4
A
6  gvbe‡`‡n wewfbœ i³bvwj w`‡q `yB ai‡bi i³ cÖevwnZ nq|
D³ bvwji cÖvPx‡i ms‡e`b mœvqycÖvšÍ we`¨gvb hv i³Pvc
B cwieZ©‡b we‡klfv‡e mvov cÖ`vb K‡i|
C K. eªvwWKvwW©qv Kx? 1
D L. AvU© v wiI‡¯‹‡
¬ ivwmm ej‡Z Kx ey S ? 2
K. cøyiv Kx? 1 M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g jvB‡b D‡jøwLZ bvwji ˆewkó¨ eY©bv
L. k¦mb e„ÿ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡Ki Z‡š¿i †h AmyLwU‡Z wkïiv †ewk AvµvšÍ N. DÏxc‡K me©‡kl jvB‡b D‡jøwLZ NUbv gvbe‡`‡n Kx
nq Zv †iv‡a Kx Kx c`‡ÿc †bIqv †h‡Z cv‡i? 3 Kx cÖfve †d‡j? gZvgZ we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. wP‡Îi D AskwU k¦m‡b Kx f‚wgKv iv‡L †Zvgvi hyw³‡Z 7  cÖvwYce©¸‡jvi †kÖwYweb¨v‡mi avivµg wb¤œiƒc :
eywS‡q †jL| 4 Porifera
3 ingvb mv‡n‡ei mKv‡ji Lv`¨ ZvwjKv wb¤œiƒc : 
Nematoda
P = wgwó Kzgov fZ©v

Q = ev`vg Arthropoda
R = iæwU 
K. j¨vKwU‡qj Kx 1 ?
L. Møy‡KvwbI‡R‡bwmm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 K. b‡UvKW© Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki D‡jøwLZ 'P' I 'R' I Gi cwicvK cÖwµqv L. mvm‡cbkb wdWvi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡Ki avivµgwU D‡jø L K‡i GKwU K‡i ˆeÁvwbK
N. DÏxc‡Ki 'Q' Gi mvie¯‘ †kvlY I cwien‡b i³ I bvgmn D`vniY `vI 3
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ wZbwU c‡e©i ˆewkó¨ we‡kølY Ki| 4
jwmKv Df‡qB f‚wgKv iv‡L  we‡kølY Ki| 4
8  cvV¨m~wP‡Z c½cvj L¨vZ cÖvwYwUi Pe©b Dc‡hvMx gy‡Lvcv½ I
4 iæB gv‡Qi n„rwcÐ `yB cÖ‡Kvô wewkó| Zv‡K †fbvm nvU© e‡j|
wKš‘ Avgv‡`i n„rwcÐ DbœZ Ges Pvi cÖ‡Kvô wewkó| Zuvi k¦mb †KŠkj Abb¨|
K. dzjKv `w¯ÍKv Kx? 1 K. DIw_Kv Kx? 1
L. AfqvkÖg ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 L. WvqvcR ej‡Z Kx ey S ? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g cÖvwYwUi D‡jøwLZ A‡½i MVb wPÎmn M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvwYwUi Lv`¨ MÖnY Dcv‡½i MVb wPÎmn
eY©bv Ki| 3 eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖvYx `ywUi i³ msen‡bi Zzjbvg~jK N. ÒDÏxc‡Ki cÖvwYwUi k¦mb †KŠkj Abb¨ we‡kølY
we‡kølY Ki| 4 Ki| 4
 79
ivRDK DËiv g‡Wj K‡jR, XvKv welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. †`‡ni cÖavb mÂqx A½ †KvbwU? 9. †Kvb A½vYy M¨vmxq wewbg‡q AskMÖnY 17. gvby‡li Kv‡bi †jvg wbqš¿K wRb †KvbwU?
K cvK¯’wj L ÿz`ªvš¿ K‡i? K X wRb L XO wRb
M AMœ¨vkq N hK…r K MjwM ewW L cøvw÷W M XY wRb N Y wRb
2. cwicv‡Ki mgq wcËjeY †Kvb GbRvBg‡K M jvB‡mv‡Rvg N gvB‡UvKwÛªqv
18. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wbw®µq A½?
mwµq K‡i? 10. Kv‡bi †h‡Kv‡bv As‡ki cÖ`vn‡K e‡j K GwjUv L cv‡qi †cwk
K †ccwmb L jvB‡cR K IUvBwUm wgwWqv
M Kv‡bi †cwk N †Pv‡Li †cwk
M A¨vgvB‡jR N †iwbb L A¨vwKDU IUvBwUm wgwWqv
3. e„n`‡š¿ e¨vK‡Uwiqvi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z ˆZwi 19. my‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU ce© †KvbwU?
M µwbK IUvBwUm wgwWqv
K Nematoda L Nemertea
nq N IUvBwUm
M Platyhelminthes N Echinodermata
K wfUvwgb B12 11. c~Ye© q¯‹ my¯’ gvby‡l wekÖvgKv‡j KZevi
20. cÖvYxR †mjy‡jvR wbwg©Z wUDwbK AveiY
L ADEK k¦mb cÖwµqv m¤úbœ nq?
M wfUvwgb K I B12 Gi dwjK A¨vwmW K 14-18 evi / wgwbU †`Lv hvq
N wfUvwgb C L 20-24 evi / wgwbU K Echinodermata †Z
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 4 I 5 bs M 15-18 evi / wgwbU L Urochordata †Z
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : N 40 evi / wgwbU M Cephalochordata †Z
12. †_vivwmK K‡kiæKvi msL¨v KZwU? N Verterbrata †Z
K 7wU L 5wU
21. †gRi ce©¸‡jvi g‡a¨ bbKW©vUv ce©
M 12wU N 1wU
c„ô‡`k cvk¦©‡`k KZwU?
wPÎ-K 13. gvbe‡`‡ni me‡P‡q `xN© Aw¯’ †`Lv hvq
K 7wU L 8wU
K †giæ`‡Ð L wb¤œevû‡Z
4. DÏxc‡K cÖ`wk©Z Dcv`vbwU n‡jv M 9wU N 4wU
M AMÖevû‡Z N †kÖvwYP‡µ
K Gwi‡_ªvmvBU L wjD‡KvmvBU
14. wkï‡`i †`‡ni cÖvq mKj Aw¯’ †Kvb 22. Nvmdwos Gi mvg‡bi Wvbv
M _ª‡¤^vmvBU N wjD‡Kv‡cwbqv
ai‡bi? i. k³, cyiæ I †QvU
5. Dcv`vbwU ii. Dovi ÿgZvwenxb
K ¯úwÄ L wb‡iU
i. k¦mbZ‡š¿i mv‡_ m¤ú„³
M nvqvwjb N A¨vwiIjvi iii. †UMwgbv bv‡g cwiwPZ
ii. eøvWMÖæc wb‡`©kK Dcv`vb ÿiY K‡i
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 15 I 16 bs wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
iii. GbRvBg iƒcx bvBwUªK A·vBW
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K i I ii L i I iii
Drcv`vb Ki‡Z cv‡i
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wcZvgvZv  weï× jvj  weï× mv`v M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K i I ii L ii I iii F1  me¸‡jv †Mvjvwc 23. †Kvb †Kv‡l †cwk cÖea©K †`Lv hvq?
M i I iii N i, ii I iii F2  wd‡bvUvBwcK AbycvZ 1 : 2 : 1 K wb‡WvmvBU †Kv‡l
6. †Kvb †Kvb d¨v±‡ii ÎæwUi Kvi‡Y 15. DÏxc‡K F1 Rbyi m`m¨iv †Kvb NUbvi L mœvqy †Kv‡l
wn‡gvwdwjqv nq? wkKvi? M †cwk AveiYx †Kv‡l
K vi I vii L vii I viii K Gwc÷¨vwmm N B›Uviw÷wkqvj †Kv‡l
M viii I ix N ix I x L Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv 24. †iwUqv wgivwewjqv mshy³ _v‡K †Kvb
7. K‡ivbvwi mvBbvm I Wvb A¨vwUªqv‡g M mgcÖKUZv A‡½i mv‡_?
Ae¯’vbKvix KcvwUKv †KvbwU?
N ˆØZ cÖ”Qbœ Gwc÷¨vwmm K dzjKv L g¯ÍK
K BD‡÷wkqvb KcvwUKv
16. D³ NUbvwU‡Z F2 Rby‡Z M n„rwcÐ N evqy_wj
L w_‡ewmqvb KcvwUKv
i. mv`v, †Mvjvwc I jvj ˆewk‡ó¨i
M wÎcÎx KcvwUKv 25. gvby‡li `uvZ
Avwef©ve N‡U
N gvBUªvj KcvwUKv i. A¨vjwfIjvB bvgK M‡Z© Ae¯’vb K‡i
ii. AbycvZwUi †h‡K‡bv 2wU m`m¨ weï×
8. wbtk¦vm cÖwµqvi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡jv ii. WvBdv‡qvW›U ai‡bi
wRbevnK nq
K dzmdzm  eª¼vm  A¨vjwfIjvm iii. 2-6 eQ‡ii g‡a¨ 32wU `uvZ D‡V
iii. cybivq bZzb ˆewk‡ó¨i Avwef©ve N‡U
L A¨vjwfIjvm  eª¼vm  dzmdzm wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M dzmdzm  A¨vjwfIjvm  eªvw¼Ij K i I ii L i I iii K i I ii L i I iii
N eª¼vm  eªw¼Ij  A¨vjwfIjvm M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 80
AvBwWqvj ¯‹zj A¨vÛ K‡jR, gwZwSj, XvKv welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. nvBWªvi axiMwZi Pjb †KvbwU? 10. mge„Ë A½ †KvbwU?  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 19 I 20 bs
K jywcs L MøvBwWs K gv‡Qi cvLbv-cvwLi Wvbv cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
M mgvimwës N muvZvi L cvwLi Wvbv-gvby‡li nvZ
A
2. Aixq wK¬‡fR †`Lv hvq wb‡Pi †Kvb c‡e©? M cvwLi Wvbv-weov‡ji cv
K Annelida L Arthropoda N cvwLi Wvbv-cÖRvcwZi Wvbv B

M Mollusca N Chordata 11. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wmD‡Wvwm‡jv‡gU cÖvYx? 19. DÏxc‡Ki ÔAÕ AskwUi bvg Kx?
3. †kÖvwY Aw¯’ P‡µi Ask¸‡jv n‡jv K Taenia solium K dvÛvm L KvwW©qv
i. Ileum L Fasciola hepatica M cvB‡jvivm N †`n
ii. Pubis M Loa loa 20. DÏxc‡Ki ÔBÕ A½wUi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
iii. Ischlum N Pila globosa i. GwU wgkÖ MÖwš’
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 12. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Nvmdwos Gi gyLcv‡½i ii. Bbmywjb ni‡gvb wbtm„Z nq
K i I ii L i I iii Askwe‡kl? iii. GwU wWI‡Wbv‡gi mv‡_ mshy³
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K d«Ý L Kv‡W©v wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M fv‡U©· N wdgvi K i I ii L i I iii
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 4 I 5 bs
13. Nvmdwos Gi IgvwUwWqvg Gi mv‡_ M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 21. A¨vwUª qvg Gi wm‡÷ª v j G mgq jv‡M?
m¤úwK©Z welq n‡jv
K 0.1 L 0.3
i. KwY©qv me‡P‡q evB‡ii w`‡K _v‡K
M 0.5 N 0.7
P ii. c„_K iÄK AveiY _v‡K
iii. NªvY A½ wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i
22. j¨vwism Gi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
i. kã m„wó K‡i
4. DÏxc‡Ki K‡kiæKv †Kvb ai‡bi? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ii. Awmg w`‡q MwVZ
K m¨vµvj L jv¤^vi K i I ii L i I iii
iii. GwcMøwUm aviY K‡i
M mvifvBKvj N †_vivwmK M ii I iii N i, ii I iii wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
5. DÏxc‡Ki ÔPÕ AskwUi bvg Kx?  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 14 I 15 bs K i I ii L i I iii
K Obturator foramen cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
L Transverse foramen 23. wbtk¦v‡mi mgq Wvqvd«v‡gi Ae¯’v †Kgb
M vertebral formen nq?
N Coastal facet A K duvcv L mgvšÍivj
6. †Kvb i‡³i MÖæc‡K mve©Rbxb `vZv ejv nq? M ¯^vfvweK N aby‡Ki gZ
KA LB
14. DÏxc‡K wPwýZ ÔAÕ AskwUi bvg Kx?  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 24 I 25 bs
MO N AB
K cvk¦©xq ms‡e`x Ask L mviKzwj
cÖ‡ kœ i DËi `vI :
7. A¨vwçweqvi hyM n‡jv
i. Devonian M †dvKvm N †iwWB
ii. Carboniferous 15. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ A½wU n‡jv
iii. Permian i. GwU Aw¯’gq
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 24. DÏxc‡Ki A½wU
ii. A¨vbywj †`Lv hvq
i. †cÖwiKvwW©qvg c`©v Øviv Ave„Z _v‡K
K i I ii L i I iii iii. eqm wbY©q Kiv hvq ii. †cwkgq KcvwUKv hy³
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? iii. Am¤ú~Y©fv‡e 4 cÖ‡Kvô
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 8 I 9 bs K i I ii L ii I iii wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M i I iii N i, ii I iii K i I ii L ii I iii
P  jvj  mv`v
16. wb‡Pi †Kvb †kÖ w YwU-†Z j¨vg‡cÖ AšÍ f ³
© z ? M i I iii N i, ii I iii
K Thaliacea L Ascidiacea 25. DÏxc‡Ki A½wU‡Z i³ mÂvwjZ nq †Kvb
M Petromyzontida N Larvacea cÖevnwP‡Îi gva¨‡g
F1  ˆMvjvwc 17. wbç †_‡K c~Y©v½ Ae¯’vq †h‡Z Nvmdwos- K evg Awj›`  Wvb wbjq 
 G Kqevi †gvjwUs nq?
F2  ? cvj‡gvbvwi agwb  dzmdzm
K 1 evi L 3 evi
8. DÏxcKwU wb‡Pi †KvbwUi †ÿ‡Î mwVK? L evg Awj›`  evg wbjq 
M 4 evi N 5 evi
K Gwc‡÷wmm L Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv cvj‡gvbvwi agwb  dzmdzm
GbRvBg
M mgcÖKUZv N wj_vj wRb 18. K¨vwmb + cvwb  c¨vivK¨vwmb, M Wvb Awj›`  Wvb wbjq 
9. DÏxcKwU‡Z F2 †Rbv‡ik‡bi AbycvZ KZ? wewµqvwUi †ÿ‡Î cÖ ‡hvR¨ †Kvb GbRvBg? cvj‡gvbvwi agwb  dzmdzm
K3:1 L 13 : 3 K †ccwmb L wUª cwmb N evg Awj›`  cvj‡gvbvwi agwb 
M 1:2:1 N 2:1 M †iwbb N KvB‡gvwUªcwmb Wvb Awj›`  dzmdzm
 81
wfKviæbwbmv b~b ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, XvKv welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. wRd‡qW cÖ‡mm †Kv_vq Aew¯’Z? 10. cvK¯’wji †Kvb †Kvl n‡Z HCl wb:m„Z 17. †cwWwmjvwi bvgK ewntK¼vj _v‡K †Kvb
K ¯‹¨vcyjv L m¨vµvg nq? c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i?
M ÷¨vb©vg N A¨vUjvm K c¨vivBUvj †Kvl L wR¡
- †Kvl K Echinodermata L Mollusca
M wgDKvm †Kvl N †ccwUK †Kvl M Nematoda N Annelida
11. wm‡µwUb 18. †Kvqv‡bvmvBU bvgK we‡kl ai‡bi †Kvl
i. M¨vw÷ªK im wbtmiY n«vm K‡i _v‡K †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z?
2. DÏxc‡Ki 'C' †cwki bvg Kx? ii. AMœ¨vkq im wb:miY wbqš¿Y K‡i K Prifera L Cnidaria
K ˆiwLK †cwk L wf‡mivj †cwk M Molllusca N Annelida
iii. wWI‡Wbv‡gi wgD‡Kvmv n‡Z ÿwiZ nq
M KvwW©qvK †cwk N Wvqvd«vg †cwk wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 19. Chondrichthyes -Gi ˆewkó¨
K i I ii L i I iii i. cøvK‡qW AuvBk
3. DÏxc‡Ki †cwk 'C' Gi ˆewkó¨
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii ii. My”QcvLbv †nUv‡ivmvK©vj
i. AbycÖ¯’ †iLv Abycw¯’Z
12. ÿz`ªv‡š¿i Ask bq †KvbwU? iii. evqy_wj
ii. B›UviK¨v‡j‡UW wW¯‹ Abycw¯’Z
iii. Bnv mn‡RB K¬všÍ nq bv K wWI‡Wbvg L wmKvg wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M †RRy b vg N Bwjqvg K i I ii L ii I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii 13. jve-Wve kã m„wó nq KvwW©qvK P‡µi †h M i I iii N i, ii I iii

M ii I iii N i, ii I iii av‡c 20. nvBWª v i †Kvb ai‡bi Pjb‡K kuy‡qv‡cvKv

i. A¨vwUªqv‡gi wm‡÷vj Pjb e‡j?
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 4 I 5 bs cÖ‡kœi
ii. †fw›UªK‡ji wm‡÷vj K jywcs L mgvimwës
DËi `vI :
iii. †fw›UªK‡ji Wvqv‡÷vj M MøvBwWs N nuvUv
jvj mv`v
× wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 21. Nvmdwos-Gi †cŠw÷Kbvwj‡Z KZwU
K i I ii L i I iii †ncvwUK wmKv Av‡Q?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K 8wU L 10wU
F1 ˆivqvb
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 14 I 15 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi M 12wU N 14wU
4. DÏxc‡Ki F1 eska‡i wfbœ ˆewkó¨ cÖKv‡ki `vI :  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 22 I 23 bs cÖ‡kœi
KviY Kx?
DËi `vI :
K Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv L mn-cÖKUZv
Nvmdwos Gi cÖavb †iPb A‡½i bvg
M Gwc֬vwUm N cwic~iK wRb
gvjwcwRqvb bvwjKv|
5. DÏxc‡Ki µ‡mi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
14. DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Îi †Kvb cÖ‡Kvô n‡Z CO2 22. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi cÖavb †iPb e‡R©¨i bvg
i. wRb `ywU A¨vwjwjK
mg„× i³ cvj‡gvbvwi agwb‡Z Mgb K‡i? Kx?
ii. cªKU-cÖ”Qbœ m¤úK© Abycw¯’Z KA LB K BDwiqv L BDwiK A¨vwmW
iii. wd‡bvUvBwcK AbycvZ 1 : 2 : 1 MC ND
M A¨v‡gvwbqv N CO2
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 15. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' wPwýZ As‡ki †ÿ‡Î
23. DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi ˆewkó¨
K i I ii L ii I iii cÖ‡hvR¨
i. cwicvK bvwj‡Z Dš§y³
M i I iii N i, ii I iii i. CO2 mg„× i³ MÖnY K‡i
ii. eªvk eW©vi Dcw¯’Z
6. cÖRvcwZi Wvbvi mge„Ëxq A½ †KvbwU? ii. SAN bvgK †cwkLÐ _v‡K
iii. cUvwkqvg evBKve©‡bU cybt†kvwlZ nq
K wZwgi wd¬cvi L cvwLi Wvbv iii. Wvb A¨vwUªI-†fw›UªKzjvi wQ‡`ªi gva¨‡g
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M Miæi AMÖc` N gvby‡li nvZ Wvb †fw›UªK‡j Dš§y³
K i I ii L ii I iii
7. ivRKxq †ivM ejv nq †KvbwU‡K? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii M i I iii N i, ii I iii
K _¨vjv‡mwgqv L eY©vÜZv
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 24. wb‡Pi †Kvb A½wU Wv±vm Kz¨‡fBwii mv‡_
M wn‡gvwdwjqv N gvmKz¨jvi wWmUªwd
m¤úwK©Z?
8. †Kvb Mª–‡ci i‡³ a I b A¨vw›UewW _v‡K? 16. bb K‡W©U cÖvYx‡`i wn‡gv‡Møvweb †KvbwU‡Z
`ªexf‚Z _v‡K? K n„rwcÐ L dzjKv
KA LB
K i³i‡m M evqy_wj N cÖRbb A½
M AB NO
9. †Kvb †k¦Z i³KwYKvq †ncvwib _v‡K? L jwmKvq 25. †KvbwU K‡ivwUKvi †Rvov Aw¯’?
K †e‡mvwdj L wbD‡Uªvwdj M wn‡gvwm‡j K c¨v‡jUvBb L Aw·wcUvj

M BDwm‡bvwdj N wj‡ùvmvBU N †jvwnZ i³KwYKvq M d« › Uvj N c¨vivBUvj

 82
Av`gRx K¨v›Ub‡g›U K‡jR, XvKv welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. Nvmdwos‡qi cyÄvwÿi †Kvb AskwU  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 11 I 12 bs 19. gvby‡li nv‡Zi mv‡_ mgms¯’ A½
cÖwZwe¤^ m„wó K‡i? cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : i. cÖRvcwZi Wvbv
K i¨ve‡Wvg L Kwb©qv‡Rb †Kvl ii. mxj Gi wd¬cvi
M AvBwik iÄK AveiY N KwY©qv iii. cvwLi Wvbv
2. Nvmdwos‡qi †cÖv‡±vwWqv‡gi Ask †KvbwU? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K wMRvW© L µc K i I ii L i I iii
M †g‡m‡›Uib N Bwjqvg
wPÎ : K M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 3 bs cÖ‡kœi 11. wPÎ-K Gi ewntZ¡‡Ki MÖwš’‡Kv‡li Rb¨  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 20 bs cÖ‡kœi
DËi `vI :
cÖ‡hvR¨ n‡jv DËi `vI :
i. g~j‡`n I nvB‡cv‡÷v‡g me©vwaK gvby‡li D`i MnŸ‡i euvKv‡bv J-AvK…wZi
ii. c`Z‡j Kg _wji g‡Zv GKwU A½ we`¨gvb hv
A iii. Kwl©Kvq Dcw¯’Z Lv`¨ cwicv‡K wb‡qvwRZ|
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 20. DÏxc‡Ki A½wU‡Z †Kvb ai‡bi †Kvl _v‡K?
K i I ii L i I iii K c¨vivBUvj †Kvl L Avjdv †Kvl
3. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' wPwýZ AskwUi bvg Kx? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M Me‡jU †Kvl N weUv †Kvl
K cvk¦©‡iLv L †dvKvm 12. wPÎ-K Lv`¨ wn‡m‡e †Kvb ai‡bi jvf©v 21. n„rwc‡Ði gv‡qv‡RwbK wbqš¿‡Y wb‡Pi
M †iwWB N mvK©ywj
†L‡q _v‡K †KvbwU mwVK?
4. iæB gv‡Qi †kÖvwY cvLbvq i³ cwienb
K Cyclops I Planula K SA †bvW  AV †bvW  evÛj Ae
K‡i wb‡Pi †Kvb agwb?
K BwjqvK L Daphnia I Bipinnaria wnR  cviwKwÄ Zš‘
L c¨vivBUvj M Bipinnaria I Cyclops L SA †bvW  AV †bvW  cviwKwÄ
M wmwjqv‡Kv-†m›UvwiK N Cyclops I Daphnia Zš‘  evÛj Ae wnR
N mveK¬vwfqvb 13. ÔIwUwUm wgwWqvÕ †Kvb A‡½i †ivM? M AV †bvW  SA †bvW  cviwKwÄ
5. hK…‡Z MøvB‡Kv‡Rb mÂq‡K Kx e‡j? K UªvwKqv L A¨vjwfIjvm Zš‘  evÛj Ae wnR
K MøvB‡Kv‡R‡bwmm M Kvb N dzmdzm
N AV †bvW  evÛj Ae wnR  SA
L MøvB‡KvjvBwmm 14. 2q †kÖwYi wjfv‡ii †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK?
†bvW  cviwKwÄ Zš‘
M MøvB‡Kv‡R‡bvjvBwmm K ej  fvi  d¨vjµg 22. i³ RgvU euva‡Z †Kvb avZe Avqb
N Mø‡y KvwbI‡R‡bwmm L d¨vjµg  ej  fvi mnvqZv K‡i?
6. †KvbwU kK©iv cwicvKKvix GbRvBg? M fvi  d¨vjµg  ej K Fe++ L Mg++
K Uvqvwjb L †ccwmb M Cu ++
N Ca++
N fvi  ej  d¨vjµg
M wUªcwmb N jvB‡cR 23. jwmKvi KvR n‡jv
15. cxZ Zš‘gq ZiæYvw¯’Õ †KvbwU?
7. wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K †giæ`Ðx‡`i k¦vmbvwj i. wjwcW cwienb
K c¨viv‡cvwWqv Nematoda L KY©QÎ ev wcbv ii. †`‡ni cÖwZiÿv
L i¨vWzjv Mollusca M †giæ`Ðx‡`i åƒYxq K¼vj iii. †ivM cÖwZ‡iva ÿgZv e„w×
M ¯ú‡ÄvwmjPlatyhelminthes N ck©yKvi cÖvšÍfvM wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N b‡UvKW©Annelida 16. †Kvb Aw¯’‡Z Ry¸jvi bP _v‡K? K i I ii L i I iii
K wnD‡givm L ÷vb©vg M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
8. RxešÍ Revk¥ †KvbwU?
K Branchiosloma L Latimeria M ¯‹¨vcyjv N K¬¨vwfKj  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 24 I 25 bs
M Petromyzon N Plesiobatis  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 17 I 18 bs cÖ‡ kœ i DËi `vI :
9. †h c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z i³ msenbZš¿ I cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
k¦mbZš¿ Abycw¯’Z Zv n‡jv `ywU K‡jv wMwbwc‡Mi g‡a¨ µm NUv‡bvi
i. Platyhelminthes A
ii. Nematoda d‡j mv`v I Kv‡jv Dfq ai‡biB AcZ¨
iii. Mollusca Rš§ wbj| Ab¨w`‡K, GKv`k †kÖwYi QvÎx B
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wgwb ¯^vfvweK eY© `k©‡b mÿg n‡jI Zvi 24. DÏxc‡K 'A' wPwýZ AskwUi bvg Kx?
K i I ii L i I iii GK fvB eY©vÜ| K UªvwKqv L eª¼vm
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 17. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ wMwbwc‡Mi gvZv-wcZvi M eªw¼Ij N A¨vjwfIjvi
10. fj‡f›U †bgv‡Uvwm‡÷i Rb¨ †KvbwU cÖ‡hvR¨? wR‡bvUvBc Kx ai‡bi? bvwj
i. kxl©‡`k eÜ K Bb, Bb L BB, Bb 25. DÏxc‡Ki 'B' wPwýZ As‡k
ii. AvVv‡jv im ÿiY K‡i M Bb, bb N BB, bb K †¯‹vqvgvm Gwc‡_wjqvg _v‡K
iii. m~ÎKwU cu¨vPv‡bv
18. wgwbi wcZv-gvZvi wR‡bvUvBc n‡jv L mvi‡dKU¨v›U wbtm„Z nq 21 mßv‡n
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K XB B
X I X b
Y L X B B
X I X B
Y M M¨vmxq wewbgq N‡U bv
K i I ii L i I iii
MX X IX Y
B b B
NXX IX Y
b b b N Af¨šÍ‡i dzmdzm _v‡K
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 83
e¸ov K¨v›Ub‡g›U cvewjK ¯‹zj I K‡jR welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. ¯‹¨vcyjv †Kvb As‡ki Aw¯’? 10. Nvmdwos Gi g¨vwÛe‡ji ˆewkó¨ 19. AMœ¨vk‡qi †Kvl¸wji g‡a¨ i‡q‡Q
K eÿ Aw¯’ Pµ i. w·KvYvKvi I eo i. evqy_wj
L K‡ivwU ii. wkw_j I nvjKv i‡Oi ii. i³bvwj
M †kÖvwYPµ iii. Kiv‡Zi gZ Zx² `uvZ we`¨gvb iii. AMœ¨vkq bvwj
N eÿwcÄi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
2. †Kv‡bv Rx‡e `ywU wfbœag©x A¨vwjj _vK‡j K i I ii L ii I iii K i I ii L i I iii
Zv‡K Kx e‡j? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
K †nv‡gvRvBMvm 20. †fw›Uª K ‡ji Wvqv‡÷v‡ji mgqKvj KZ?
11. Ô†bwd«wWqvÕ †Kvb c‡e©i ˆewkó¨?
L †n‡U‡ivRvBMvm K 0.3 †m‡KÛ
K Nematoda
M cÖKU L Arthropoda L 0.5 †m‡KÛ
N cÖ”Qbœ M Annelida M 0.7 †m‡KÛ
3. gvby‡li cv‡q †gvU KZwU Aw¯’ _v‡K? N Mollusca N 0.8 †m‡KÛ
K 60 L 40 12. Hydra Gi Lv`¨vfvm †Kvb ai‡bi?
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 21 I 22 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi
M 45 N 36 K Z…Y‡fvRx
`vI :
4. be¨-WviDBbev‡`i cÖavb cÖe³v †K L gvsmvkx
Rbve 'x' cÖvqk ey‡K e¨_v Abyfe K‡ib|
wQ‡jb? M g„ZRxex
e¨_v Kuva, evû, †Pvqvj I wc‡V Qwo‡q
K n¨v·wj N me©fzK
c‡o| Z‡e wKQzÿY wekÖvg wb‡j e¨_vi
L †n‡Kj 13. †Kvb †Kv‡li Kvi‡Y nvBWªv‡K Agi cÖvYx ZxeªZv K‡g hvq|
M j¨vgvK© ejv nq?
N AMv÷ fvBRg¨vb
21. Rbve 'X' Kx †iv‡M AvµvšÍ?
K wb‡WvmvBU K gv‡qvKvwW©qvj Bbd«vKkb
5. gvby‡li Rš§MZ g~K ewaiZv †h wR‡bi L †cwk AveiYx †Kvl L nvU© A¨vUK
cÖfv‡e m„wó nq M Rbb †Kvl M nvU© †dBwjDi
K wj_vj
N B›Uviw÷wkqvj N A¨vbRvBbv †cK‡Uvwim
L cwic~iK
14. cy‡iv cÖRbb mg‡q ¯¿x Nvmdwos †gvU 22. DÏxc‡Ki Bw½ZK…Z †iv‡Mi KviY
M cwjwRb
KZwU wWg cv‡o? i. n„`‡cwki Aw·‡R‡bi NvUwZ
N ˆØZ cÖ”Qbœ Gwc÷¨vwmm
K 10 L 20 ii. n„`‡cwk †Kv‡l j¨vKwUK A¨vwm‡Wi
6. cyiæl ¯^vfvweK Ges bvix eY©vÜ †nv‡gvRvBMvm
M 100 N 200 DrcwË
n‡j Zv‡`i †Q‡j mšÍvb Kx n‡e?
15. †`‡ni me‡P‡q eo MÖwš’ †KvbwU? iii. AwZwi³ aygcvb
K ¯^vfvweK
K jvjvMÖwš’ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
L eY©vÜ
M 50% eY©vÜ nIqvi m¤¢vebv L AMœ¨vkq K i I ii L i I iii
N 50% ¯^vfvweK nIqvi m¤¢vebv M hK… Z M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
7. †KvbwU A¨vwm‡jv‡gU? N wcUz B Uvwi 23. Wvb dzmdzm KqwU †jvweD‡j wef³?
K kvgyK 16. †ncvwib †Kvb †k¦Z i³ KwYKvq ˆZwi nq? K2 L8
L wdZvK…wg K wbD‡Uªvwdj M 10 N 12
M †Zjv‡cvKv L g‡bvmvBU 24. wn‡gv‡Møvweb Gi Dcv`vb n‡”Q
N †PvL K…wg M BD‡mv‡bvwdj i. wng
8. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †cwb›Uªv›U †bgv‡Uvwm‡÷i N †e‡mvwdj ii. Mø‡y KvR
ˆewkó¨? 17. g‡ëR GbRvBg Kx RvZxq Lv`¨ cwicv‡K iii. †Møvweb
K m~ÎK KuvUvhy³ Ask †bq? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
L AvVv‡jv im ÿiY K‡i K kK©iv K i I ii L i I iii
M kxl©‡`k eÜ L †cÖvwUb M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
N evU cÖk¯Í M †¯œn 25. a~gcvqx e¨w³i dzmdz‡mi eY© Kxiƒc?
9. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z wkLv †Kvl cvIqv hvq? N m¤ú~Y© Pwe© K jvj‡P
K Porifera L Kvj‡P
18. Nvmdwos Gi KZ †Rvov k¦vmiܪ we`¨gvb?
L Chidaria
K 1 L 4 M bxj‡P
M Mollusca
N Platyhelminthes M6 N 10 N mv`v‡U
 84
K¨v›Ub‡g›U K‡jR, h‡kvi welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖvYxwU MVbMZfv‡e DbœZ? 7. ey‡Ki e¨_v Nvo, evû I †Pvqv‡j Qwo‡q 14. †mv‡n‡ji wR‡bvUvBcavix †Kv‡bv gwnjvi
K Hydra L Taenia c‡o KLb? mv‡_ we‡q n‡j Zv‡`i mšÍvb‡`i ¯^vfvweK
M Pila N Spongilla K wbD‡gvwbqv L A¨vbRvBbv I gyKewai nIqvi AbycvZ
2. Nvmdwos Gi gy‡Lvcv‡½i M nvU© A¨vUvK N nvU© †dBwjDi K9:3:3:1 L9:7
i. g¨vw·jv ms‡e`x A½ wnmv‡e KvR K‡i  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 8 I 9 bs M 13 : 3 N 15 : 1

ii. j¨vweqvg Lvevi wbe©vP‡b mvnvh¨ K‡i cÖ‡ kœ i DËi `vI : 15. cÖ v K… w ZK wbe© v Pb gZev‡`i cÖe³v †K?
iii. j¨veªvg ¯^v` wb‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i
†cŠwóK A½mg~n  hK…r  n„rwcÐ K †g‡Ûj L j¨vgvK©

8. D‡jøwLZ i³ msenbwU n‡jv M WviDBb N WWmb

wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K K‡ivbvwi msenb 16. †U÷ µ‡mi AbycvZ KZ?
K i I ii L ii I iii
L †cvU©vj msenb K1:2:1 L1:1
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
M wm‡÷wgK msenb M 1 : 3 N2:1
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 3 I 4 bs N cvj‡gvbvwi msenb 17. cvK¯’wji c¨vivBUvj †Kvl †_‡K wbtm„Z
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 9. D‡jøwLZ msen‡bi cÖ‡qvRbxqZv nq †KvbwU?
i. i‡³ cøvRgv †cÖvwUb mieivn K †ccwm‡bv‡Rb L HCI
ii. †`n †_‡K BDwiqv AcmviY M wgDwmb N M¨vw÷ªb
iii. hK…‡Z Møæ‡KvR mieivn 18. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wgkÖ MÖ w š’ ?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K AMœ¨vkq L jvjvMÖwš’
3. DÏxc‡Ki Pj‡b †Kvb †Kv‡li f‚wgKv
K i I ii L ii I iii M hK…r N wcUzBUvwi
i‡q‡Q?
M i I iii N i, ii I iii 19. hK…‡Zi †Kvb LÐwU me‡P‡q eo?
K Rbb‡Kvl
10. k¦vmbvwji msµgbRwbZ †ivM n‡jv K Wvb L evg
L B›Uviw÷wkqvj †Kvl
i. h²v M †Kvqv‡Wª U N K‡W©U
M †cwk AveiYx †Kvl 20. nvqvwjb Ziæbvw¯’ †KvbwU?
ii. j¨vwibRvBwUm
N mœvqy †Kvl iii. mvBbymvBwUm K KY©QÎ
4. DÏxc‡Ki cÖwµqvwU wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? L AvjwRn¡v

i. Hydra axi Pjb cÖwµqv K i I ii L ii I iii M k¦vmbvwj

M i I iii N i, ii I iii N wdgv‡ii g¯ÍK
ii. Hydra mvaviY Pjb cÖwµqv
11. KZ mßvn eq‡m gvbe åæ‡Y mvi‡dKU¨v›U 21. `yB †Pv‡Li ga¨eZ©x mvBbv‡mi bvg Kx?
iii. MøæwUb¨v›U †bgv‡Uvwm÷ e¨en„Z nq
ÿiY ïiæ nq? K g¨vw·jvwi L d«›Uvj
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K 20 L 23 M †ùb‡qW N G_g‡qW
K i I ii L ii I iii
M 24 N 25
22. gvby‡li MÖxev‡`kxq K‡kiæKv KqwU?
M i I iii N i, ii I iii 12. dzmdz‡mi ˆKwkKRvwjKvq †`n †_‡K
K 4 wU L 5 wU
5. iæB gv‡Q KZ †Rvov dzjKv _v‡K? AvMZ i‡³ O2 Gi Pvc _v‡K
M 6 wU N 7 wU
K 4 †Rvov L 5 †Rvov K 40 mmHg L 100 mmHg
23. wRd‡qW cÖ‡mm †Kv_vq Aew¯’Z?
M 6 †Rvov N 7 †Rvov M 104 mmHg N 120 mmHg
K ¯‹¨vcyjv L m¨vµvg
6. †e‡mvwd‡ji KvR n‡”Q  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 13 I 14 bs
M ÷vb©vg N A¨vUjvm
i. †ncvwib ÿiY
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
24. †KvbwUi AuvBk cø¨vK‡qW ai‡bi?
†mv‡n‡ji evev gv `yRbB gyKewai| wKš‘
ii. A¨vw›UewW m„wó
K iæB L UvwK
†m ¯^vfvweK|
iii. wn÷vwgb ÿiY M nv½i N jvswdm
13. DÏxcK Abyhvqx †mv‡n‡ji wR‡bvUvBc
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? †KvbwU? 25. †Kvb cÖvYxwU Aixq cÖwZmg
K i I ii L ii I iii K DDEe L DdEE K Metridium L Cliona
M i I iii N i, ii I iii M DdEe N DDEE M Ceoloplana N Pila
 85
Kzwgjøv miKvwi K‡jR welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU †`L Ges 1 I 2bs cÖ‡kœi wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? GbRvBg
†Kwmb + cvwb   c¨iv‡Kwmb
DËi `vI : K i I ii L i I iii
18. DÏxc‡K e¨en„Z GbRvBg †KvbwU?
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K †ccwmb L †iwbb
10. wkLv †Kvl bvgK †iPb A½ cvIqv hvq M wUªcwmb N KvB‡gvwUªcwmb
P
Q
†Kvb c‡e© i cÖ v Yx‡Z? 19. †KvbwU Avnv‡ii ci †Kv‡bv cwieZ©b
1. DÏxc‡K 'P' wPwýZ AskwUi bvg Kx? K Cnidaria L Platyhelminthes QvovB mivmwi †`‡n †kvwlZ nq?
K UªvwKqv L eª¼vm M Nematoda N Mollusca K LwbR jeY L Avwgl
M eªw¼Ij N A¨vjwfIjvi bvwj 11. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z Aixq cÖwZmvg¨Zv †`Lv hvq? M wjwcW N kK©iv
2. DÏxc‡Ki 'Q' wPwýZ As‡k K †Rwjwdm L kvgyK  wb‡Pi wPÎwU †`L Ges 20 I 21bs cÖ‡kœi
i. †¯‹vqvgvm Gwc‡_wjqvg _v‡K
M gvbyl N cÖRvcwZ DËi `vI :
ii. mvi‡dKU¨v›U wbtm„Z nq
C
iii. M¨vmxq wewbqg N‡U 12. Hydra -Gi M¨v‡÷ª v Wvwg© ‡mi †Kvl †KvbwU?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K wb‡WvmvBU L Rbb †Kvl
ˆfw´ŸÈKj
K i I ii L i I iii M cywó †Kvl N c¨vivBUvj †Kvl B
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
A
3. A¨vjwfIjv‡mi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡qvR¨ bq †KvbwU? 13. i³ RgvU euva‡Z †Kvb avZe Avqb
K dzmdz‡mi MVb I Kv‡Ri GKK mnvqZv K‡i? 20. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ 'A' Ges 'B' Gi bvg Kx?
L cvj‡gvbvwi wkiv G‡`i †_‡K DrcwË K Ca++ L Mg++ K A¨vwUªqvg Ges †f›Uªvj A¨vIU©v
M G‡`i cÖvPx‡i †Kvjv‡Rb I w¯’wZ¯’vcK M Cu++ N Fe++ L A¨vwUªqvg Ges evj¦vm AvU©vwiImvm
Zš‘ _v‡K  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 14 I 15bs M mvBbvm †f‡bvmvm Ges evj¦vm
N G‡`i cÖvPxi Pvcv I †¯‹vqvgvm AvU© vwiImvm
Gwc‡_wjqvj †Kvl MwVZ cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
N mvBbvm †f‡bvmvm Ges A¨vwUªqvg
4. A¨vw·m K‡kiæKvi ˆewkó¨ †KvbwU? gvby‡li D`i MnŸ‡i euvKv‡bv _wji g‡Zv
K Aw¯’wU †`K‡Z AvswUi g‡Zv 21. DÏxc‡Ki wP‡Îi A½wUi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv
GKwU A½ we`¨gvb hv Lv`¨ cwicv‡K
L †m›Uªvg I ¯úvBbvj cÖ‡mm Abycw¯’Z i. ïay O2 hy³ i³ cwienb K‡i
wb‡qvwRZ|
M †÷v‡gi m¤§yL cÖv‡šÍ I‡Wv‡›Uv‡qW ii. i³ cÖven GKgyLx ai‡bi
14. DÏxc‡Ki A½wU‡Z †Kvb ai‡bi †Kvl _v‡K? iii. ïay CO2 hy³ i³ cwienb K‡i
cÖ‡mm _v‡K
N fvwU©eªvj †dviv‡gb eo I †MvjvKvi K c¨vivBUvj †Kvl L Avjdv †Kvl wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
5. wb‡Pi †KvbwU Nvmdwos Gi ¯¿x Rbb M Me‡jU †Kvl N weUv †Kvl K i I ii L i I iii
Z‡š¿i Ask? 15. DÏxc‡Ki A½wU Lv`¨ cwicvK K‡i M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K fvm wWdv‡iÝ 22. gvby ‡ li wbw®µq A½ †KvbwU?
i. Avwgl
L †mwgbvj †fwmKj K Wvqvd«vg L cøxnv
M ¯úg©vw_Kv ii. kK©iv
M Kw°· N KY©vw¯’
N †ÿcb bvwj iii. Pwe©
23. gvby‡li nv‡Zi mv‡_ mgms¯’ A½
6. Gw›UewWnxb i³MÖæc †KvbwU? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
KA LB i. cÖRvcwZi Wvbv
K i I ii L i I iii
M AB NO ii. mxj Gi wd¬cvi
7. iæB gv‡Qi n„rwc‡Ði †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ †KvbwU? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii iii. cvwLi Wvbv
K `ywU Awj›` I GKwU wbjq _v‡K 16. BD‡ivKW©vUv Dcc‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
L mvBbvm †f‡bvmvm Abycw¯’Z i. jvf©v `kvq †Kej †j‡R b‡UvKW© _v‡K K i I ii L i I iii
M CO2 hy³ i³ cÖevwnZ nq M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
ii. †`n wUDwbK bvgK Av”Qv`‡b Ave„Z
N †Kvbvm AvU©vwiImvm we`¨gvb
iii. †`‡ni A¼xq †`‡k Iivj ûW _v‡K 24. jwmKvi KvR n‡”Q
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 8 I 9bs cÖ‡kœi
i. wjwcW cwienb
DËi `vI : wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
ii. †`‡ni cÖwZiÿv
ivwKe I mywg `¤úwZi g‡a¨ mywg eY©vÜZvi K i I ii L i I iii
evnK| iii. †ivM cÖwZ‡iva ÿgZv e„w×
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
8. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jvK mywgi wR‡bvUvBc n‡e wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K X+ X+ L X+ XC 17. Hydra-Gi †`‡ni fvi Kwl©Kvi Dci K i I ii L i I iii
M XC XC N XX ¯’vcb K‡i Kwl©Kv‡K cv‡qi g‡Zv e¨envi M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
9. DÏxc‡Ki `¤úwZi mšÍvb¸‡jv n‡Z cv‡i K‡i Pjv‡K Kx e‡j? 25. k¦mbZ‡š¿i †Kvb As‡k GwcMøwUm Aew¯’Z?
i. 50% †g‡q eY©vÜ K k¦vmbvwj L ¯^ihš¿
K nuvUv L muvZvi
ii. 50% †g‡q evnK
M nvgvMwo N MøvBwWs M Mjwej N †fw÷weDj
iii. 50% †Q‡j eY©vÜ
 86
PÆMÖvg K‡jR welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖvYx‡Z Aixq cÖwZmvg¨Zv †`Lv hvq? 11. 'A' I 'B' wPÎ `ywUi g‡a¨ mv`„k¨ n‡jv 19. †KvbwU wcËim wbtm„Z jeY?
K ¯úÄ L †Rwjwdk i. `y‡UvB ÿvivm³ K †mvwWqvg †K¬vivBW
M kvgyK N e¨vO ii. `vbvwenxb mvB‡UvcøvRg L †mvwWqvg †Uv‡ivK‡jU
2. nvBWªvi Zzjbvg~jK axiMwZi Pjb †KvbwU? iii. RxevYyi AvµgY cÖwZnZ K‡i M K¨vjwmqvg MøvB‡KvK‡jU
K jywcs L MøvBwfs wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N K¨vjwmqvg †K¬vivBW
M nuvUv N Av‡ivnY K i I ii L ii I iii
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 20 I 21 bs
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 3 I 4bs cÖ‡kœi M i I iii N i, ii I iii
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
DËi `vI : 12. d«›Uvj mvBbv‡m gyLgЇji †Kvb As‡k
GKwU Dr‡mPK hv Kv‡e©vnvB‡WªU RvZxq e¨_¨v nq?
Lv`¨‡K Møy‡Kv‡R cwiYZ K‡i| K Mvj I `uv‡Z
3. Dr‡mPKwUi bvg Kx? L †Pv‡Li Dc‡i I gv_vq
K g‡ëR L AvgvB‡jR M `yÕ†Pv‡Li gvSLv‡b 20. DÏxc‡Ki AuvBkhy³ gv‡Qi cy”Q cvLvbv Kx
M jvB‡cR N dm‡d‡UR N †Pv‡Li wcQ‡b I gv_vi P‚ovq ai‡bi n‡q _v‡K?
4. D³ Dr‡mPKwUi Drm n‡jv 13. gvbe‡`‡ni me‡P‡q kw³kvjx I `„p K †nUv‡ivmvK©vj L †nv‡gvmvK©vj
i. jvjvim ZiæYvw¯’ †KvbwU? M wWwmmvK©vj N Abycw¯’Z
ii. AMœ¨vkq im K ¯^”Q L cxZ Zš‘gq
21. D‡jøwLZ cÖvYxi emev‡mi Rb¨
iii. Avwš¿K im M †k¦Z Zš‘gq N Pzbgq
14. †cwi÷vjwmm wbqš¿‡Y f‚wgKv iv‡L †Kvb †Kvl? Awf‡hvRwbK ˆewk󨸇jv n‡jv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K Aw·bwUK L Av‡R©›Uvwdb i. Avw`g cÖK…wZi dzmdzm
K i I ii L ii I iii
M i I iii N i, ii I iii M c¨vivBUvj N RvB‡gv‡RwbK ii. evqy †_‡K Aw·‡Rb MÖn‡Y mÿg
5. †Kvb wjD‡KvmvBUwU A¨vwge‡qW Pj‡b mÿg?  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 15 I 16 bs iii. cUKv i³RvjK mg„×
K g‡bvmvBU L wj‡çvmvBU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M wbD‡Uªvwdj N BIwm‡bvwdj iæbv I Zuvi ¯^vgxi i‡³i MÖæc h_vµ‡g A K i I ii L ii I iii
6. cÖvYxRM‡Z k¦m‡b me‡P‡q †ewk f‚wgKv (msKi) I B (msKi)| M i I iii N i, ii I iii
iv‡L †Kvb k¦vmiÄK? 15. Zv‡`i mšÍvb‡`i g‡a¨ A (msKi) 22. GKRb my ¯’ beRvZ wkïi cÖwZ wgwb‡U
K wn‡gv‡Møvweb L wn‡gvmvqvwbb k¦ mb nvi KZ evi nq?
i³MÖæ‡ci cwigvY KZ kZvsk n‡e?
M †n‡gwiw_ªb N †K¬v‡ivµzwbb K 14 L 25
K 25% L 50%
7. wb‡Pi †Kvb `ywU w·KvYvKvi Aw¯’? M 40 N 75
M 75% N 100%
K g¨vbyweªqvg I ¯‹¨vcyjv
16. D³ `¤úwËi mšÍvb‡`i i‡³i MÖæ‡ci 23. †Kvb wQ`ª c ‡_ gw¯Í ®‹ my ly¤œvKv‡Ði mv‡_ hy³
L g¨vbyweªqvg I †fvgvi
g‡a¨ _v‡K?
M ¯‹¨vcyjv I ¯‹¨vd‡qW
i. mve©Rbxb `vZv n‡e K †dviv‡gb g¨vMbvg
N c¨v‡Ujv I †fvgvi
mve© R bxb MÖ n xZv n‡e L fvwU©eªvj †dviv‡gb
8. mv`v dzjwewkó 2wU Avjv`v Rv‡Zi ii.
wR‡bvUvBc h_vµ‡g AAbb Ges aaBB| iii. wcZvgvZvi i‡³i MÖæc e¨ZxZ bZzb M AeUz‡iUi †dviv‡gb
G‡ÿ‡Î F2 Rbyi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK? i³MÖæc cÖKvwkZ n‡e N UªvÝfvm© †dviv‡gb
K 9wU mv`v dzj L 9wU †e¸bx dzj wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 24. nvBWªvi †Kvb ai‡bi wbgv‡Uvwm‡÷i
M 7wU †Mvjvcx dzj N 7wU †e¸bx dzj K i I ii L ii I iii kxl©‡`k e×?
9. Nvmdwos-Gi †Lvjm e`jv‡bvi cÖwµqv‡K M i I iii N i, ii I iii K †cwbUª¨v›U
Kx e‡j? 17. gjv¯‹v c‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i †LvjK MwVZ nq L †÷wiIwjb MøywUb¨v›U
K †gvwës L Bb÷vi †KvbwUi ÿiY n‡Z? M †Wm‡gvwbg
M WvqvcR N †gUvgi‡dvwim K KvBwUb L wKDwUKj N †÷ªc‡Uvwjb MøywUb¨v›U
 wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki Ges 10 I 11 bs M g¨v›Uj N wn‡gvwmj 25. AvqZb wi‡mÞi cÖfvweZ nq wb‡Pi
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 18. Kvc© gv‡Qi †cŠw÷Kbvwj Ges e„‡°i gv‡S †Kvb¸‡jvi Kvh©KvwiZvq?
GKwU we‡kl ˆewkó¨c~Y© _wj we`¨gvb, i. f¨v‡mv‡cÖwmb ni‡gvb
_wjwUi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv ii. wmgc¨v‡_wUK mœvqy
K †cŠwóKbvwji Askxq cÖvPxi †_‡K
iii. †iwbb GbRvBg
A B DrcwË jvf
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
10. 'A' wPwýZ wPÎwUi bvg Kx? L `yÕwU mgcÖ‡Kvô Øviv wef³
K i I ii L ii I iii
K wj‡çvmvBU L g‡bvmvBU M MVbMZfv‡e dvB‡mvwK¬÷vm
M †e‡mvwdj N BIwm‡bvwdj N evB‡ii ¯ÍiwU †hvRK Kjv wbwg©Z
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
 87
miKvwi nvRx gynv¤§` gnwmb K‡jR, PÆMÖvg welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. my¯’ cÖvß eq¯‹ gvby‡li ¯^vfvweK Ae¯’vq 8. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU DÏxc‡K †`Lv‡bv nqwb? 16. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU †m· wj¼W wWm AW©vi bq?
evqygvÎv (UvBWvj fwjDg) KZ wgwjwjUvi? K Ziæbvw¯’ L cÖvBgvwi eªsKvm K _¨vjv‡mwgqv L wn‡gvwdwjqv
K 400 L 500 M ˆKwkK bvwjKv N eª s wKIj M eY© v ÜZv N BL_vB‡qwmm
M 600 N 700 9. DÏxc‡Ki †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU cÖ‡hvR¨? 17. †Kvb ¯Í‡i Me‡jU †Kvl _v‡K?
2. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU gvby‡li †g‡mvWvg© n‡Z i. k¦vmh‡š¿i Ask K †m‡ivmv L gvw¯‹Djvwim
DrcwË jvf K‡i bv? ii. wmwjqvhy ³ ‡Kvl mg„ × M mvewgD‡Kvmv N wgD‡Kvmv
K †cŠwóK bvwj L dzmdzm iii. i‡³i cwi‡kva‡b mnvqK 18. AwR© Z ˆewk‡ó¨i eskMwZ †Kvb gZev‡`i
M e„° N wW¤^vkq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? AšÍf©y³
K i I ii L i I iii K WviDBwbRg L be¨ WviDBwbRg
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M j¨vgvwK©Rg N Dc‡ii †KvbwU bq
DËi `vI :
10. cyÄvwÿi †Kvb Ask Av‡jvK MÖnY K‡i? 19. †KvbwU gvby‡li jyß cÖvq A½ bq?
29wU Aw¯’ wb‡q gvby‡li gv_v I gyLgÐj
K Kwb©qv K Kw°· L Kv‡bi †cwk
MwVZ| GwU gvbe K¼v‡ji cÖavb `yBwU
L KwY©qv‡Rb †Kvl M A¨v‡cwÛ· N A¨vUjvm
fv‡Mi GKwUi Ab¨Zg Ask| †giæ`‡Ði
M i¨ve‡Wvg 20. gvby‡li gyLgЇj Kq †Rvov mvBbvm _v‡K?
g‡a¨ m`„k L‡Ði cybive„wË _vK‡jI D³
N wµ÷vjvBb †Kvl K2 L3
As‡k _v‡K bv|
11. UªvwKqvi †fZ‡i KvBwUb wbwg©Z Bw›Ugvq M4 N5
3. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jvP¨ Aw¯’i
AvskwUi g‡Zv ejq‡K Kx e‡j? 21. gvby‡li i‡³ AYyPwµKvi Avqy®‹vj KZ w`b?
AšÍf©y³ bq?
K wUwbwWqv L j¨vwism K 1-6 L 6-10
K d«›Uvj L c¨vivBUvj
M A¨vwUªqvg N c¨v‡Ujv M 10-15 N 15-20
M A¨vUjvm N G_g‡qW
12. Kve©vwg‡bvwn‡gv‡Møvweb iƒ‡c KZ fvM (%) 22. KvwW©qvK P‡µi †Kvb `kwU Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e
4. DÏxc‡Ki D‡jøwLZ m`„k Aw¯’i i‡q‡Q CO2 i‡³ cwievwnZ nq? †ewk `xN©¯’vqx?
i. †m›Uªvg K 40-45 L 27% K Awj‡›`i wm‡÷vj
ii. AvP© _v‡K bv M 50-55 N 55-60 L Awj‡›`i Wvqv‡÷vj
iii. UªvÝfvm© cÖ‡mm 13. †÷v‡gvwWqv‡gi Ask n‡jv M wbj‡qi wm‡÷vj
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? i. µzc N wbj‡qi Wvqv‡÷vj
K i I ii L i I iii ii. †g‡m‡›Uib 23. evg wbjq  agwb  cÖZ¨½  Awj›`
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii iii. wMRvW© wb‡¤œi †KvbwU D‡jøwLZ MwZc_‡K wb‡`©k K‡i?
5. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU‡Z cÖK…Z †Pvqvj I Aw¯’ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K wm‡÷wgK L †cvU©vj wkiv
Ges ZiæYvw¯’i mgv‡ek n‡q‡Q? K i I ii L i I iii M cvj‡gvbvwi N K‡ivbvwi
K GKvB‡bvWvg©vUv L †nwgKW©vUv M ii I iii N i, ii I iii  DÏxcKwU co Ges 24 I 25 bs cÖ‡kœi
M BD‡ivKW©vUv N b¨v‡_v‡÷vgvUv  DÏxcKwU co Ges 14 I 15 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
6. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU‡Z 12 †Rvov Mjwejxq DËi `vI : †gvUi mvB‡Kj `yN©Ubvq Pvj‡Ki †`‡ni
dzjKv wQ`ª _v‡K? ÿZ ewntZ¡‡Ki i³ÿiY A¯^vfvweK mgq
Red (RR) White (rr)
K n¨vM wdm L wUDwb‡KUm ch©šÍ Pj‡Z _vK‡j wPwKrmK Ab¨vb¨
M j¨vg‡cÖ N †nwgK‡W©Um F1 Roan wPwKrmvi cvkvcvwk Zv‡K `ªæZ i³
7. †KvbwU‡Z †cŠwóKbvwj _v‡K bv| cixÿvi civgk© †`b|
K KvUj wdm L Zviv gvQ F2 24. DÏxc‡Ki ¯^vfvweK i³ÿiY mgq KZ
M ¯úÄ N †Rwj wdm wgwbU?
14. DÏxc‡Ki wRbZvwË¡K NUbvwU Kx?
K 1-4 L 5-7
 DÏxcKwU co Ges 8 I 9 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi K Gwc÷¨vwmm
M 8-10 N 11-14
`vI : L AvswkK cÖKUZv
25. DÏxc‡Ki A¯^vfvweK `kvi m¤¢ve¨ KviY
M mgcÖKUZv
i. Wvqv‡ewUm c‡RwUf
N gvwë A¨vwjwjK wd‡bvUvBc
ii. †R‡bwUK wWm AW©vi
15. DÏxc‡Ki F2 Rbyi wd‡bvUvBwcK AbycvZ
iii. wn‡gvwdwjqv
†KvbwU? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K3t1t1 L1t2t1
K i I ii L i I iii
M3t3t1 N2t3t2
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 88
Rvjvjvev` K¨v›Ub‡g›U cvewjK ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, wm‡jU welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. Scoliodon-G †Kvb ai‡bi AuvBk i‡q‡Q? 10. A‡š¿i †Kvb ¯Íi †_‡K wm‡µwUb ni‡gvb 18. ZiæYvw¯’i ˆewkó¨ n‡jv
K mvBK¬‡qW L cøvK‡qW wbtm„Z nq? i. gvZ…Kv
M wUb‡qW N M¨vb‡qW K mve-wgD‡Kvmv ii. †cwiKwÛªqvg Øviv Ave„Z
2. wb‡Pi †KvbwU RxweZ? L gvmKzjvwim wgD‡Kvmv iii. Uªv‡eKz‡jv Dcw¯’Z
K Merychippus L Pliohippus M †m‡ivmv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M Equus N Miohippus N wgD‡Kvmv K i I ii L i I iii
3. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z wn‡gvwmj _v‡K 11. hK…‡Zi KvR M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
i. gjv¯‹v
i. i‡³i Avavi 19. wcbv‡Z †Kvb ai‡bi ZiæYvw¯’ cvIqv hvq?
ii. A¨v‡bwjWv
ii. g~Î ˆZwi K nvqvwjb L Bjvw÷K
iii. Av‡_©ªv‡cvWv
iii. Lv`¨ mÂq M †k¦ZZš‘ hy³ N K¨vjwmdvBW
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 20. cÖvwYRM‡Z k¦vm iÄK
K i I ii L i I iii
K i I ii L i I iii
i. wn‡gv‡Møvweb
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
ii. wn‡gvBwiw_ªb
4. Nvmdwos-Gi KZwU †ncvwUK wmKv _v‡K? 12. wn‡gv‡Møvwe‡b wng I †Møvwe‡bi AbycvZ
iii. wn‡gvmvqvwbb
K7 L 10
KZ? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M 12 N 20
K 1 t 33 L 1 t 24
K i I ii L i I iii
5. iæB gv‡Qi †Kvb agwb eÿP‡µ i³ M 1 t 25 N 1 t 26
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
mieivn K‡i? 13. †Kvb †Kvl A¨vw›UewW ˆZwi K‡i?
K c¨vivBUvj
21. wb‡Pi †Kvb wR‡bvUvBc †ewk M¨v‡gU ˆZwi
K †e‡mvwdj
L †ibvj Ki‡e?
L T-†Kvl wj‡ùvmvBU
K aaRr L AaRr
M BwjqvK
M wbD‡Uªvwdj M AaRR N Asrr
N mveK¬vwfqvb
N g‡bvmvBU 22. †Kvb wR‡bi Kvi‡Y Wª‡mvwdjvi Wvbv ÿq
6. wb‡Pi †KvbwU‡Z Kv‡W©v cvIqv hvq?
14. jwmKvi KvR nq
K j¨veªvg L g¨vwÛej
i. wjwcW K Gwc֬vwUK
M j¨vweqvg N g¨vw·jv
ii. kix‡ii cÖwZiÿvg~jK L †mwgwj_vj
7. †Kvb †bgv‡Uvwm‡÷i w÷ªs Gi AMÖfvM iii. †ivM cÖwZ‡iva ÿgZ evov‡bv M mvefvBUvj
†Lvjv _v‡K? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N ˆØZ cÖ”Qbœ Gwc÷¨vwUK
i. †cwb‡Uª›U K i I ii L i I iii
23. DfP‡ii mgq n‡jv
ii. †÷ª‡Þvwjb MøywUb¨v›U M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
i. †W‡fvwbqvb
iii. †÷wiIwjb MøywUb¨v›U 15. †d«wbK agwb i³ mieivn K‡i? ii. Kve©wb‡divm
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K wKWwb‡Z L Wvqvd«v‡g iii. cviwgqvb
K i I ii L i I iii M A‡¯¿ N n„rwc‡Ð wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M ii I iii 16. gvbe‡`‡n Kve©b WvBA·vB‡Wi KvR
N i, ii I iii K i I ii L i I iii
8. hK…‡Zi †Kvb †jvewU me‡P‡q eo? i. P2CO3 MVb M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K Wvb L evg ii. g~Î ˆZwi 24. weeZ©‡bi RbK †K?
M †Kvqv‡WU N K‡W©U iii. i³Pvc e„w× K G‡¯ú‡WvwK¬m L A¨vwi÷Uj
9. M¨vw÷ªK wgD‡Kvmvi †Kvb †Kvl HCL wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M †evdb N †W‡gvwµUvm

wbtmiY K‡i? K i I ii L i I iii 25. gvby‡li Z¡‡Ki eY© wbqš¿YKvix wRb n‡jv
K G-†Kvl M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K Gwc÷¨vwUK wRb

L D- †Kvl 17. †Kvb cï©Kv‡K fvmgvb cï©Kv ejv nq? L cwjwRb

M Me‡jU †Kvl K 5g L 7g M †m·-wj¼W wRb

N c¨vivBUvj †Kvl M 8g N 11g N cwic~iK wRb

 89
cywjk jvBÝ ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, iscyi welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. wm‡jvgwenxb cÖvYx‡`i ce© †KvbwU? 11. wcËi‡mi jeY  wb‡Pi Z‡_¨i wfwˇZ 19 I 20bs cÖ‡kœi
K Annelida i. †mvwWqvg U‡ivK‡jU DËi `vI :
L Mollusca
ii. †mvwWqvg MøvB‡Kv‡Kv‡jU
M Nematoda
iii. †mvwWqvg evB-Kve©‡bU
N Platyhelminthes
2. †Kvb cÖvYx‡Z Aixq wK¬‡fR N‡U? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K wSbyK L †Ku‡Pv K i I ii L i I iii

M Nvmdwos N kvgyK M ii I iii N i, ii I iii

19. DÏxcKwU †Kvb ai‡bi †Kvgjvw¯’i?
3. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z i¨vewWwUdg© jvf©v 12. wb‡Pi †KvbwU A`vbv`vi †k¦Z i³KwYKv? K nvqvwjb L w¯’wZ¯’vcK
†`Lv hvq? K BIwm‡bvwdj L g‡bvmvBU
M †k¦ZZš‘gq N K¨vjwmdvBW
K Platyhelminthes M †e‡mvwdj N wbD‡Uªvwdj
20. DÏxc‡Ki †Kvgjvw¯’wU †Kv_vq Abycw¯’Z?
L Nematoda 13. ÿZ¯’v‡b _ª‡¤^vmvB‡Ui fv½‡bi d‡j †h
M Arthopoda K wcbv
Dr‡mPKwU †ei nq Zvi bvg Kx?
N Echinodermata L AvjwRnŸv
K dvBweª‡bv‡Rb L †cÖv_ªvw¤^b
4. Scoliondon laticaudus Gi AuvBk †Kvb M BD‡÷wkqvb bvwj
M _ª‡¤^vcøvw÷b N KvB‡bR
ai‡bi? N K¨vjwmdvBW
14. KvwW©qvK P‡µi †Kvb `kvwU Zzjbvg~jKfv‡e
K mvBK¬‡qW L cø¨vK‡qW 21. †kÖvwYP‡µi Ask
†ewk `xN©¯’vqx?
M wUb‡qW N M¨vb‡qW i. lleum
K Awj‡›`i wm‡÷vj
5. cÖvYxi wUmy¨ i‡m †Kvb Dcv`vb _vK‡j ii. Pubis
L Awj‡›`i Wvqv‡÷vj
nvBWªv Zv‡K wkKvi K‡i? iii. Ischum
M wbj‡qi wm‡÷vj
K †dbj L wjwcW
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N wbj‡qi Wvqv‡÷vj
M kK©iv N MøyUvw_Ib K i I ii L i I iii
15. D”PPvc e¨v‡ivwi‡m›U‡i mnvqZvKvix mœvqy M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
6. j¨vweqv‡gi Ask
i. f¨vMvm
i. †g›Uvg
22. †g‡Û‡ji wØZxq m~‡Îi e¨wZµg †KvbwU?
ii. Mø‡mvd¨vwiwÄqvj
ii. M¨vwjqv K Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv
iii. UªKwjqvi
iii. wjwMDj L mgcÖKUZv
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M wj_vj wRb
K i I ii L i I iii
K i I ii L i I iii N cwic~iK wRb
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii 23. eY© vÜ cyiæl I ¯^vfvweK `„wói bvixi (evnK
16. j¨vwis· MnŸ‡i †fvKvj K‡W©i msL¨v
7. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU Nvmdwos Gi g¯Í‡Ki Ask? bq) g‡a¨ we‡q n‡j Zv‡`i ¯^vfvweK `„wói
KqwU?
K j¨vwmwbqv L †Rbv Kb¨v mšÍvb‡`i m¤¢ve¨ nvi KZ?
K3 L4
M K·v N †UªvK¨v›Uvi K 100% L 75%
M5 N6
8. mveK¬vwfqvb agwb iæB gv‡Qi †Kvb A‡½ M 50% N 25%
17. Wvb dzmdz‡m KqwU †jvweIj Av‡Q?
i³ mieivn K‡i? 24. mgcÖKUZvi wµqvq F2 Rbyi wd‡bvUvBwcK
K 8wU L 2wU
K cvK¯’wj L hK…r AbycvZ KZ?
M 10wU N 3wU
M eÿ cvLbv N AMœ¨vkq K1t2t1 L2t1
18. mvi‡dKU¨v›U
9. my‡µR _v‡K M1t1 N3t1
i. Zi‡ji c„óUvb Kwg‡q †`q
K AMœ¨vkq i‡m L Avwš¿K i‡m 25. mge„wË A½ n‡jv
ii. RxevYy aŸsm K‡i
M wcË i‡m N M¨vw÷K i‡m
iii. 23 mßv‡ni gvbe 僇Y cvIqv hvq K cvwLi Wvbv, ev`y‡oi Wvbv
10. hK…r Ave„ZKvix c`©vi bvg Kx?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? L cvwLi Wvbv, cÖRvcwZi Wvbv
K c¨vivBUvj L wcøDivj
K i I ii L i I iii M cvwLi Wvbv, gvby‡li nvZ
M wfmv‡ij N wMømÝ K¨vcmyj
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii N cvwLi Wvbv, weov‡ji AMÖc`
 90
knx` ˆmq` bRiæj Bmjvg K‡jR, gqgbwmsn welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. AvaywbK †kÖwYweb¨vm we`¨vi RbK †K? 9. iæB gvQ KZ ZvcgvÎvi wb‡P euvP‡Z cv‡i 19. wmwcAvi Kx?
K K¨v‡ivjvm wjwbqvm bv? K KvwW©Icvj‡gvbvwi µwbK
L wjD‡qb ûK K 12C L 14C L KvwW©Icvj‡gvbvwi wimvmwm‡Ukb
M 24C N 28C
M Gwi÷Uj M KvwW©Icvj‡gvbvwi †imwKIi
10. iæB gv‡Qi AuvB‡ki †K›`ª‡K Kx e‡j?
N j¨vgvK© N KvwW©Icvj‡gvbvwi wimvm©
K mviKzwj L †dvKvm
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ¨ Ki Ges 2 I 3 bs M A¨vbywj N †µvgv‡Uv‡dvi
20. Avwgl RvZxq Lv‡`¨i k¦vm nvi KZ?
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 11. iæB gv‡Qi wWg wbwl³ nIqvi KZ mgq K 0.7 L 0.85

ci wK¬‡fR ïiæ nq? M1 N2

K 15  20 wgwbU L 25  40 wgwbU  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 21 I 22 bs

M 30  45 wgwbU N 50  60 wgwbU cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
12. †Kvb ni‡gvbwU cvPKim wbtmiY wbqš¿Y
2. Dc‡iv³ wPÎwU †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx?
K‡i?
K Porifera L Cnidaria
K _vBiw·b L M¨vmwUªb
M Platyhelminthes N Nematoda
M Bbmywjb N B‡÷ªv‡Rb
3. Dc‡iv³ wP‡Î cÖvYxwUi ˆeÁvwbK bvg Kx?
K Cliona celata
13. c¨viv‡Kwmb †Kvb GbRvB‡gi mnvqZvq
L Spongilla proliferans †cc‡Uv‡b cwiYZ K‡i? 21. Dc‡iv³ wPÎwUi bvg Kx?
M Scypha gelatinosum K g‡ëR L jvB‡cR K jv¤^vi L A¨vUjvm
N Spongilla officinalis M †ccwmb N Uvqvwjb M A¨vw·m N m¨vµvg
4. †Kvb †bgv‡Uvwm‡÷ wkKvi‡K Rwo‡q ai‡Z 14. gvbe‡`‡n cÖwZ †m‡K‡Û Kx cwigvY
22. Dc‡iv³ wPÎwUi ˆewkó¨
mvnvh¨ K‡i? †jvwnZ i³KwYKv bó nq?
i. AwbqZ AvswUi g‡Zv K‡kiæKv
K †÷ªc‡Uvwjb MøywUb¨v›U K 10 jÿ L 20 jÿ
ii. †m›Uªvg I wbDivj ¯úvBb Abycw¯’Z
L fj‡f›U M 30 jÿ N 40 jÿ
iii. UªvÝfvm© cÖ‡mm j¤^v I gReyZ
M †÷wiIwjb MøywUb¨v›U 15. cÖvß eq¯‹ gvby‡li cÖwZ Nb wgwjwgUvi
i‡³ Kx cwigvY †k¦Z i³KwYKv _v‡K? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
N †cwbUª¨v›U
K i I ii L ii I iii
5. nvBWªvi ¯^fv‡ei †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK bq? K 6  8 nvRvi
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
K nvBWªv wgVv cvwbi cÖvYx L 8  10 nvRvi
23. †g‡Û‡ji 1g m~‡Îi F2 AYy‡Z
L nvBWªv gvsmvkx ¯^fv‡ei M 10  12 nvRvi
wR‡bvUvBwcK AbycvZ KZ?
M Zxeª †mÖvZwewkó cvwb‡Z †ewk _v‡K N 12  14 nvRvi
K1t2t1 L3t1
N nvBWªv GKwU eûg¯ÍK wewkó wMÖK 16. †Kvb h‡š¿i mvnv‡h¨ i³Pvc wbY©q Kiv
nq? M 9 t 7 N9t3t3t1
†`eZvi bvg
K †÷‡_v‡¯‹vc 24. †Kvb mixm„c RvZxq cvwLi Rxev‡k¥ cvwL
6. Nvmdwos-Gi åƒYxq KqwU LÐK wgwjZ
n‡q g¯ÍK MwVZ nq? L g¨v‡bvwgUvi I mixm„‡ci ˆewkóvewj †`Lv hvq?
M wùM‡gvg¨v‡bvwgUvi K BKzqvm L AvwK©Ic‡Uwi·
K 3wU L 6wU
N Gqvi wcm M wcøIwnàvm N cøvwUcvm
M 11wU N 20wU
17. i³Pvc cwieZ©‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb 25. cøvwUcvm mixm„c I ¯Íb¨cvqx cÖvYxi wgkÖ
7. Nvmdwos-Gi †`‡ni AveiY Kx Øviv ˆZwi
K‡i †KvbwU? PwiÎ enb K‡i ZvB aviYv Kiv nq †h Giv
nq?
K e¨v‡ivwi‡mÞi
K †mjy‡jvR L wjwcW i. ms‡hvMKvix Rxe
L †cm‡gKvi
M KvBwUb N †cÖvwUb ii. ¯Íb¨cvqx cÖvYxi Avw`‡Mvôx
M e¨v‡ivwi‡d¬·
8. Nvmdwos-Gi k¦vmiܪ D`ixq A‡ji iii. mixm„c RvZxq cÖvYx
N WvqvjvBwmm †gwkb
KZZg LÐK ch©šÍ we¯Í…Z? 18. AVN †Kvb KcvwUKvi †cQ‡b Aew¯’Z? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K 3q L 5g K evBKvmwcW L †mwgjybvi K i I ii L ii I iii
M 7g N 8g M BD‡÷wmqvb N UªvBKvmwcW M i I iii N i, ii I iii
 91
K¨v›Ub‡g›U cvewjK ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, †gv‡gbkvnx welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. cÖv_wgK ch©v‡q WviDBb Gi gZev‡`i 9. Nvmdwos-Gi wj½ wba©viY c×wZ †KvbwU? 18. †cm‡gKvi Kx?
`ye©j w`K¸‡jv wPwýZ K‡ib †K? K XX – XY L XX – XO K AwiI †fw›UªKj †bvW
M ZZ – ZW N ZZ – ZO
K wU GBP nv·wj L †¯úbmvi L mvB‡bv A¨vwUªqvj †bvW
10. K‡ivbvwi agwbi ga¨ w`‡q n„`‡cwk‡Z i³
M fvBRg¨vb N B.†n‡Kj
cÖevn evavMÖ¯Í n‡j m„ó †iv‡Mi bvg Kx? M mvB‡bv‡fw›UªKj †bvW
2. nvBWªvi †`‡ni UwUc‡UwÝ †Kvl †KvbwU?
K A¨vbRvBbv L nvU© †dBwjDi N A¨vwUªI †fw›UªKj †bvW
K ms‡e`x L MÖwš’
M nvU© A¨vUvK N †÷ªvK 19. iæB gv‡Qi AvuBk Kx ai‡bi?
M wb‡WvmvBU N B›Uviw÷wkqvj
11. gyLgÐjxq Aw¯’ K mvK©yjvi
3. A‰iwLK †cwk cvIqv hvq
i. †fvgvi L †fw›UªKzjvi
K Rivqy bvwj‡Z L wRnŸvq
ii. c¨v‡jUvBb
M K›UKhy³
M ga¨”Q`v N Mjwe‡j
iii. c¨vivBUvj
 DÏxcKwU c‡o 4 I 5 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : N mvK©yjvi I K›UKhy³
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
 DÏxcKwU co Ges 20 I 21 bs cÖ‡kœi
K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii DËi `vI :
12. AVN G DÏxcbv KZ †m‡KÛ ¯’vqx _v‡K?
K 0.3 L 0.09
4. DÏxc‡Ki MVbwU‡Z we`¨gvb M¨vm n‡jv
M 0.03 N 0.16 A B C
i. O2
ii. N2 13. †ncvwib wbtm„Z nq †KvbwU n‡Z? 20. wP‡Îi †KvbwU `vbvwenxb †k¦ZKwYKv?
iii. H2 K wj‡çvmvBU L wbD‡Uªvwdj
K AIB L BIC
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M BDwm‡bvwdj N †e‡mvwdj
MCIA N A, B I C
K i I ii L i I iii 14. iæB gv‡Qi †kÖvwY cvLbvq i³ msenb K‡i
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii †Kvb agwb? 21. wPÎ C †K Kx ejv nq?
5. DÏxc‡Ki MVbwUi KvR n‡jv K †ibvj L KWvj K g‡bvmvBU

i. kã m„wó Kiv M BwjqvK N mve‡K¬wfqvb L wj‡çvmvBU

ii. cøeZv iÿv Kiv 15. Annelida-i †iPb A‡½i bvg Kx? M BIwm‡bvwdj
iii. cÖwZaŸwb m„wó Kiv K g¨vjwcwRqvb bvwjKv N †e‡mvwdj
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? L g¨vjwcwRqvb ewW 22. gvby‡li †`n‡Kv‡l KZwU A‡Uv‡mvg _v‡K?
K i I ii L i I iii M wkLv †Kvl
K 22 L 23
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii N †bwd«wWqv
M 44 N 46
6. KZ mßvn eq¯‹ gvbe僇Y me©cÖ_g 16. K‡ivwUKvi Aw¯’ †KvbwU?
23. ÔwkLv †KvlÕ †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvwY‡`i ˆewkó¨?
mvi‡dKU¨v›U ÿiY ïiæ nq? K RvB‡Mvg¨vwUK L j¨vwµgvj
K Cnidaria L Platyhelminthes
K 21 L 22 M c¨v‡jUvBb N c¨vivBUvj
M Nematoda N Mollusca
M 23 N 24 17. F1 eska‡ii msKivq‡bi †ÿ‡Î F2 Rby‡Z 24. B›UviK¨v‡j‡UW wW¯‹ cvIqv hvq †Kvb
7. G‡±v_vwg©K cÖvYx †KvbwU? i. wd‡bvUvBwcK AbycvZ n‡e 9 t 3 t 3 t 1
†cwk‡Z?
K †`v‡qj ii. wd‡bvUvBwcK AbycvZ 1 t 2 t 2 t 4 t
K gm„Y †cwk L K¼vj †cwk
L †mvbv e¨vO 1t2t2t2t1
M i‡qj †e½j UvBMvi M KvwW©qvK †cwk N Hw”QK †cwk
iii. ûeû P1 Gi gvZvi b¨vq wR‡bvUvBc
N wMwbwcM 25. iæB gv‡Q wmD‡Wveªv‡¼i mv‡_ hy³ _v‡K
gvÎ GKwU eska‡i cvIqv hvq
8. Uvqvwjb wbtm„Z nq †KvbwU †_‡K? †Kvb agwb?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K hK…r L AMœ¨vkq K i I ii L i I iii K A¼xq L KWvj
M jvjvMÖwš’ N cvK¯’wj M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M K¨v‡ivwUW N Ac_¨vjwgK
 92

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷

 93
G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 1 welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1 wb‡Pi wPθ‡jv jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : 5  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
Q
P P
Q

A B C
K. cÖwZmvg¨Zv Kx? 1
L. wÎc` bvgKiY ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki 'A' wP‡Î DwjøwLZ cÖvYxi `k©b GK‡Ki mwPÎ K. ewntk¦mb Kx? 1
MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 L. IwUwUm wgwWqv †Kb nq? 2
N. DÏxc‡Ki B I C wP‡Î cÖvYx `ywU GKB Dcce©fz³ M. DÏxc‡Ki P I Q Gi wewbgq e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
n‡jI GKB †kÖwYfz³ bq we‡kølY Ki| 4 N. P I Q Gi cwien‡b i‡³i iÄK c`v‡_©i f‚wgKv
we‡kølY Ki| 4
2 nvBWªvi ewntZ¡‡K Aew¯’Z GK ai‡bi †Kvl wkKvi aiv Ges
6 DÏxcK : (1) Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv
Pj‡b mnvqZv K‡i| ZvQvov Gi M¨v‡÷ªvWvwg©‡m GK ai‡bi
(2) mgcÖKUZv
Dw™¢` evm K‡i| GB mnve¯’v‡b Df‡q DcK…Z nq|
(3) wj_vj wRb
K. †g‡mvwMøqv Kx? 1
L. wدÍix cÖvYx ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 K. Gwc÷¨vwmm Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ †Kv‡li MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 L. eY©vÜZv‡K wj½RwoZ RwUjZv ejv nq †Kb? 2
M. 1bs DÏxc‡Ki wRbZvwË¡K e¨vL¨v `vI| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡li Dw³wUi h_v_©Zv we‡kølY Ki| 4
N. DwjøwLZ mKj DÏxcK †g‡Û‡ji m~‡Îi e¨wZµg
3 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
we‡kølYc~e©K gšÍe¨ Ki| 4
P
Q
7 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :

fi

K. cwicv‡Ki msÁv `vI| 1 cÉhyÚ ej

dvjKÌvg
L. M¨vw÷K MÖwš’ Kx? 2
K. gPKv‡bv Kx? 1
M. cwicvKZ‡š¿ DÏxc‡Ki ‘P’ A‡½i f‚wgKv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. RwUj Aw¯’f½ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
N. Lv`¨ cwicv‡K wP‡Îi ‘R’ ‘Q’ Gi Dci wbf©ikxj M. wP‡Î cÖ`wk©Z wjfviwU †Kvb †kÖwYi? Gi Kvh©c×wZ e¨vL¨v
we‡kølY Ki| 4 Ki| 3
4 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki N. Avgv‡`i nv‡Zi mÂvj‡b wP‡Î cÖ`wk©Z wjfv‡ii f‚wgKv
iÚbvwj we‡kølY Ki| 4
8 iweb mvK©v‡m wM‡q †`Lj GKRb gvbyl I Zvi †cvlv cÖvYx
D‡ëcv‡ë P‡j †Ljv †`Lv‡”Q| Gfv‡e Zviv DcvR©b K‡i
n†rwcí k¼mb Aã
cvi¯úwiK mn‡hvwMZvq RxebaviY K‡i|
K. wm‡jvg Kx? 1
iÚbvwj iÚbvwj
ˆ`nGKvl L. Am¤ú~Y© iƒcvšÍi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
K. evqy_wj Kx? 1 M. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z NUbvi mv‡_ wgjm¤úbœ GKUv cÖvYxi
L. eªvw¼I‡÷Mvj c`©v ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 Abyiƒc Pjb eY©bv Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡Ki n„rwc‡Ði MVb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 N. DwjøwLZ mn‡hvwMZv GKwU wدÍix cÖvYxi Rxebavi‡Yi
N. DÏxc‡Ki msenb cÖwµqvwU we‡kølY Ki| 4 mv‡_ mv`„k¨c~Y
© hyw³mn we‡kølY Ki| 4
 94
G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 2 welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki 5  wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
P = ‰G`i wifvmÆ ˆcwiÕ¡vjwmm NGU k¼mb (P)
Chordata Q = ‰G`i mvivRxeb KWÆvUvi cÉv^wgK
ŠewkÓ¡Åmgƒn we`Ågvb ^vGK|
R = ‰G`i dzjKvi®¬È ev dzjKv ev dzmdzm cÉk¼vm wbtk¼vm
bvgK k¼mb Aã ^vGK| Q R
K. wn‡gvwmj Kx? 1 K. mvBbymvBwUm Kx? 1
L. wÎc` bvgKiY ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 L. IwUwUm wgwWqv cÖwZ‡ivag~jK e¨e¯’v Kx Kx? 2
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ Q Gi ˆewkó¨mg~n †jL| 3 M. DÏxc‡K Q I R eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ P Gi †P‡q R AwaK DbœZ  N. RxweZ _vK‡Z P LyeB ¸iæZ¡cY~ ©we‡kølY Ki| 4
Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4 6 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki
2 wm‡jev‡m AšÍf³ ©y cÖvwYRM‡Zi me‡P‡q eo c‡e©i cÖvYxwU
P  ♂ gƒK I ewai  ♀ gƒK I ewai
m¤ú‡K© wkÿK †kÖwYK‡ÿ Av‡jvPbv Ki‡jb| G mgq wZwb
ej‡jb, cÖvYxwU‡Z †hŠbwØiƒcZv I RxebP‡µ `xN© iƒcvšÍi F1 Õ¼vfvweK
cÖwµqv we`¨gvb|
K. c½cvj Kx? 1 F2 ??
L. wn‡gvwmj ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 K. †jvKvm Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖvYxwUi cÖavb k¦mb A‡½i MVb L. Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
eY©bv Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡Ki F1 Rbyi mK‡jB ¯^vfvweK †Kb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z cÖvYxwUi iƒcvšÍi m¤ú~Y© bv Am¤ú~Y©  N. DÏxc‡Ki Av‡jv‡K F2 Rby †PKvi‡ev‡W©i gva¨‡g
hyw³mn e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 we‡kølY Ki| 4
3 gvbe‡`‡ni GKwU cwicvK A‡½i Kvh©mva‡b KvwW©qvK I 7 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
cvB‡jvwiK wùs±vim ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv iv‡L| Lv‡`¨i hvwš¿K ej
cwicvK I ivmvqwbK fv½‡bi Rb¨ D³ A½wU AZ¨šÍ
Kvh©Ki|
fvi
dvjKÌvg
K. †cwi÷vjwmm Kx? 1 K. wjMv‡g›U Kx? 1
L. gvbe‡`‡ni `ywU M¨vw÷ªK MÖwš’ †Kv‡li bvg †jL| 2 L. n„rwcÐ K¬všÍ nq bv †Kb? 2
M. wPwýZ wPÎmn DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 M. DÏxc‡K cÖ`wk©Z wjfv‡ii Abyiƒc cÖwµqv gvby‡li
N. A¯^vfvweK mg‡qi Abvnv‡i D³ A‡½i kvixie„Ëxq †`‡nI wµqvkxj e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
Awf‡hvRb Av‡jvPbv Ki| 4 N. DÏxc‡K cÖ`wk©Z cÖwµqvwU gvbe‡`‡n m¤úbœ Ki‡Z
4 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki GKvwaK Zš¿ mw¤§wjZfv‡e KvR K‡i we‡kølY Ki| 4
A 8 ¯^v`y cvwbi Rjvk‡qi GKwU mvaviY e„n`vK…wZi gvQ n‡jv
Q R
CO2 O2 iæB| GB gv‡Qi †`n iƒcvwj AuvB‡k Ave„Z| wewfbœ Kvi‡Y G
iƒcvwj m¤ú` AvR ûgwKi m¤§yLxb| G m¤ú` msiÿ‡Y
n†rwcí
¸iæZ¡c~Y© c`‡ÿc MÖnY Kiv DwPZ|
CO2 O2
K. cvLbv Kx? 1
S mgMÉ ˆ`n T
L. cUKv †Kb gv‡Qi Rb¨ ¸iæZ¡c~Y©? 2
K. †gMvK¨vwiImvBU Kx? 1 M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ iƒcvwj Dcv`v‡bi mwPÎ MVb eY©bv
L. Ilium I Ileum ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 Ki| 3
M. S Ges T i³bvwj¸‡jvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wbiƒcY Ki| 3 N. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ c`‡ÿc m¤ú‡K© †Zvgvi gZvgZ
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ A-Gi GKK MVb we‡kølY Ki| 4 `vI| 4
 95
G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 3 welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1 wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : 5  wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :

P K L
L K. wbZ¤^vw¯’ Kx? 1
L. eÿwcÄi ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
K. wg‡_vRxweZv Kx? 1
M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔKÕ wP‡Îi g‡a¨ `„k¨gvb RwUjZvi wPwKrmv
L. wWMevRx Pjb ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
c×wZ eY©bv Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔLÕ wP‡Îi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 N. DÏxc‡Ki ÔKÕ mswkøó †cwk I ÔLÕ Gi g‡a¨ Kx †Kv‡bv
N. GKB cÖvYxi wfbœ wfbœ †Kv‡l ÔPÕ As‡ki wewfbœ cv_©K¨ Av‡Q? eywS‡q †jL| 4
cÖKvi‡f` †`Lv hvq e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 6 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
2 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki : j¨vgvwK©Rg
K. weeZ©b ZË¡
P Q R WviDBwbRg
wdZv K…wg †Mvj K…wg iæB gvQ L. weeZ©‡bi cÖgvYvw`
K. cÖRvwZ Kx? 1 K. Gwc÷¨vwmm Kx? 1
L. wدÍix I wίÍix cÖvYxi cv_©K¨ wjL? 2 L. †m· wjsKW Bb‡nwi‡UÝ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki P, Q I R cÖvYx‡`i g‡a¨ wm‡jvg-Gi wfbœZv M. DÏxc‡Ki gZev` `ywUi g‡a¨ Zzjbv Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki ÔLÕ Gi mc‡ÿ cÖgvYvw`i g‡a¨ A½
i‡q‡Q  e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
ms¯’vwbK cÖgvY Ab¨Zg  e¨vL¨v Ki| 4
N. DÏxc‡Ki R cÖvYxwU Q A‡cÿv DbœZ we‡kølY Ki| 4
7 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
3  gyLwQ`ª  E  Abœbvwj  cvK¯’wj  F  G A
Q R
K. ¯’‚jZv Kx? 1 CO2 O2
L. AvB‡jUm Ae j¨v½vin¨vÝ ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 n†rwcí
M. gvbe‡`‡n DÏxc‡K G Gi f‚wgKv e¨vL¨v Ki| 3 CO2 O2

N. DÏxc‡K F A‡½ †cÖvwUb RvZxq Lv‡`¨i P‚ovšÍ cwicvK S mgMÉ ˆ`n T

cÖwµqv we‡kølY Ki| 4 K. †gMvK¨vwiImvBU Kx? 1
L. Ilium I Ileum ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
4  wb‡Pi wPÎ `ywU jÿ Ki
M. S Ges T i³bvwj¸‡jvi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ wbiƒcY Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ A-Gi GKK MVb we‡kølY Ki| 4
8 k¦mb GKwU Q‡›`vgq cÖwµqv| k¦vm‡K›`ª, k¦mb mswkøó cÖwZeZ©
wµqv BZ¨vw` k¦vmwµqv wbqš¿‡Y f‚wgKv iv‡L| we‡kl
cwiw¯’wZ‡Z K…wÎg k¦vm-cÖk¦v‡mi cÖ‡qvRb n‡j GKRb
X Y
cÖwkwÿZ e¨w³‡KB G KvRwU Ki‡Z nq|
K. Am¤ú~Y© iƒcvšÍi Kx? 1
K. IUvBwUm wgwWqv Kx? 1
L. mvuZvi _wj ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2 L. k¦m‡b wn‡gv‡Møvweb †Kb ¸iæZ¡c~Y©? 2
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖvYx X Gi `k©b A‡½i MVbMZ M. DÏxc‡K DwjøwLZ cÖwkwÿZ e¨w³i K…ZKv‡Ri
Ges Kvh©Kix GK‡Ki MVb eY©bv Ki| 3 avivevwnK eY©bv `vI| 3
N. X I Y cÖvYx‡`i i³ mÂvj‡bi wKQz wgj I Awgj N. DwjøwLZ wbqš¿Y Kx ïayB qyweK? we‡kølYc~e©K gšÍe¨
i‡q‡Q| we‡kølY Ki| 4 Ki| 4
 96
G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 4 welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq2 NÈv 35 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ m„Rbkxj cÖkœ c~Y©gvb50
[`ªóe¨ : Wvb cv‡ki msL¨v cÖ‡kœi c~Y©gvb ÁvcK| cÖ`Ë DÏxcK¸‡jv g‡bv‡hvM mnKv‡i co
Ges mswkøó cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI| †h †Kv‡bv cuvPwU cÖ‡kœi DËi w`‡Z n‡e|]
1 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi DwjøwLZ Pjb c×wZ mwPÎ e¨vL¨v
Ki| 3
N. Rxeb cwiPvjbvq DwjøwLZ cÖvYxwU †Kvl ch©v‡q KvR
X eÈb K‡i  we‡kølY Ki| 4
5 gvbe‡`‡ni D`i MnŸ‡i wKQy cwicvK MÖwš’ i‡q‡Q, hv‡`i
Z
g‡a¨ GKwU MÖwš’‡K †`‡ni e„nËg ewntÿiv MÖwš’ wn‡m‡e
we‡ePbv Kiv n‡q _v‡K| AciwU wgkÖ MÖwš’ hv wewfbœfv‡e
Figure-Y Lv`¨ cwicv‡K mnvqZv K‡i _v‡K|
K. wmivg Kx? 1
K. KvBg Kx? 1
L. i‡³i ÔeøvW e¨vsKÕ ej‡Z †Kvb A½‡K eySvq? †Kb? 2
L. `šÍ ms‡KZ ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. DwjøwLZ ‘X’ Gi Kvh©µg e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g MÖwš’wUi mÂqx f‚wgKv eY©bv Ki| 3
N. DwjøwLZ ‘Y’ A½wU mÂvj‡b ‘Z’ Gi f‚wgKv we‡kølY
N. DÏxc‡Ki †k‡lv³ Dw³wU we‡kølY Ki| 4
Ki| 4
6 RxeweÁv‡bi wkÿK Nvmdwos m¤ú‡K© Av‡jvPbv Ki‡jb, Gi
2 wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI :
UªvwKqvjZš¿ k¦mbKvh© m¤úv`b K‡i| Gi GKwU Abb¨
'P' 'Q'
n„rwc‡Ði MVb Av‡Q|
K. wn‡gvwmj Kx? 1
L. wbç e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖ_g jvBbwU e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl jvB‡b †h MVbwUi D‡jøL Kiv n‡q‡Q
Zv eY©bv Ki| 4
7  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
K. mvBbymvBwUm Kx? 1
ce© jvf©vi bvg
L. K…wÎg k¦vm-cÖk¦vm ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔPÕ I ÔQÕ Gi MgbvMgb eY©bv Ki| 3
P †iwWqv
N. wKQz Am‡PZb gvby‡li e` Af¨vm DÏxc‡Ki A½wUi Q A¨vwçeøv÷zjv
ÿwZmvab K‡i we‡kølY Ki| 4
R †fwjRvi
3 gvbe‡`‡ni †ewki fvM Aw¯’ I †cwk wgwjZ fv‡e Kvh©Ki K. gv‡qv‡Uvg Kx? 1
wjfvi Zš¿ MVb K‡i‡Q hv A‡bKUv DbœZ h‡š¿i mv‡_ L. †Kvb Dcc‡e©i cÖvYx‡`i mgy‡`ªi †dvqviv ejv nq?
Zzjbv‡hvM¨| GB iWm wjfvi Zš¿ gvbe‡`‡ni Kvh©µg‡K e¨vL¨v Ki| 2
¯^vfvweK ivL‡Z mnvqZv K‡i| ev¯Íe Rxe‡b A‡bK †ÿ‡ÎB M. P-jvf©v †Kvb c‡e©i AšÍf³ z© ? e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
iWm I wjfvi Zš¿ RxebhvÎvi gvb‡K mnR K‡i‡Q| N. Q Ges R-Gi jvf©v wfbœ c‡e©i AšÍf³ z©  Dw³wU
K. Uªv‡eKzjvi Aw¯’ Kx? 1 we‡kølY Ki| 4
L. n„`‡cwk KL‡bv K¬všÍ nqbv †Kb? 2 8 wcZv-gvZv DfqB ¯^vfvweK n‡jI Zv‡`i GKgvÎ cyÎ Aveyj
M. wewfbœ ai‡bi wjfvi Z‡š¿i eY©bv `vI| 3 wn‡gvwdwjK|
N. DÏxc‡K we‡kl Zš¿wU Kxfv‡e gvby‡li RxebhvÎvi K. wj_vj wRb Kx? 1
gvb‡K mnR K‡i‡Q we‡kølY Ki| 4 L. †U÷ µm ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
4 MÖxK cyiv‡Y ewY©Z ˆ`‡Z¨i bv‡g cwiwPZ GKwU cÖvYx hv axi M. DÏxc‡Ki NUbvwUi wRbZvwË¡K e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
MwZ m¤úbœ Pjb cÖ`k©b K‡i| N. DÏxc‡Ki GKgvÎ cyÎ mšÍv‡bi mv‡_ ¯^vfvweK Kb¨vi
K. nvB‡cv‡÷vg Kv‡K e‡j? 1 we‡q n‡j cieZ©x eska‡i Kx nv‡i ˆewkó¨wU cÖKvk
L. †bgv‡Uvwm÷ Kx? 2 cv‡e? †PKvi †ev‡W©i gva¨‡g we‡kølY Ki| 4
 97

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 5 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq : 2 N¥Ÿv 35 wgwbU Rxeweævb w«¼Zxq cò m†Rbkxj cÉk² cƒYÆgvb : 50
[`ËÓ¡eÅ : Wvb cvGki msLÅv cÉGk²i cƒYÆgvb ævcK| cÉ`î DóxcKàGjv gGbvGhvM mnKvGi co
‰es mswkÏÓ¡ cÉk²àGjvi Dîi `vI| ˆh ˆKvGbv cuvPwU cÉGk²i Dîi w`GZ nGe|]
1 wgVv cvwb‡Z GK ai‡bi RjR cÖvYx i‡q‡Q hv Kwl©Kvhy³ 5  i³ k¦m‡b ¸iæZ¡c~Y© f‚wgKv cvjb K‡i| Gi GKwU Dcv`vb
Ges wm‡j‡›Uib we`¨gvb| G Kv‡R mnvqZv K‡i| a~gcvqx e¨w³i †`‡n G Dcv`vbwUmn
K. †g‡mvwMøqv Kx? 1 dzmdzm gvivZ¥K ÿwZMÖ¯Í nq|
K. †fvKvj KW© Kx? 1
L. wm‡j‡›Ui‡bi KvR Kx? 2
L. ewntk¦mb I AšÍtk¦m‡bi g‡a¨ cv_©K¨ †jL| 2
M. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi ewntZ¡‡Ki †Kvl¸‡jvi bvg I KvR
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ Dcv`vbwUi MVb I KvR eY©bv Ki| 3
†jL| 3 N. GKRb Aa~gcvqx e¨w³i mv‡_ DÏxc‡Ki e¨w³i
N. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi GKwU cÖavb Pjb cÖwµqv wPÎmn A‡½i X-ray Gi Zzjbvg~jK we‡kølY Ki| 4
eY©bv Ki| 4 6  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki
2 gvby‡li kix‡i 5 ai‡bi wecvKxq MÖwš’ i‡q‡Q| Zv‡`i g‡a¨ 3 K  CO2 hyÚ iÚ  dzjKv
ai‡bi ¸iæZ¡c~Y© Kvh©vejx i‡q‡Q| evwK¸‡jv Avbylw½K MÖwš’ gvGQi agwb
wn‡m‡e KvR K‡i| GKwU cvK¯’jxi cÖvPx‡i, Ab¨wU A‡š¿i L  O2 hyÚ iÚ  mgMÉG`n
cÖvPx‡i Aew¯’Z| cÖavb MÖwš’¸‡jvi g‡a¨ GKwU wgkÖ MÖwš’ wn‡m‡e K. jwmKv Kx? 1
we‡ewPZ| L. BMI ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
K. †Kwmb Kv‡K e‡j? 1 M. DÏxc‡Ki ÔKÕ wPwýZ As‡ki gva¨‡g i³ msenb e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. cvK¯’jx wb‡R cwicvK nq bv †Kb? e¨vL¨v Ki| 2 N. DÏxc‡Ki ÔKÕ wPwýZ Ges ÔLÕ wPwýZ agwbi cv_©K¨
Ki| 4
M. gvbe‡`‡ni cvK¯’jx †_‡K KZ ai‡bi GbRvBg
7  mv`v †jMnb© †gviM-gyiwM‡Z iwOb cvj‡Ki Rb¨ `vqx wRb
wbtm„Z nq? Kvh©vewjmn eY©bv Ki| 3 Dcw¯’Z _vKv m‡Ë¡I Zviv mv`v e‡Y©i nq| mv`v †jMnb© I mv`v
N. DÏxc‡Ki †kl MÖwš’‡K wgkÖMÖwš’ ejv nq †Kb? wbw`©ó IqvBbWU&&m †gvi‡Mi g‡a¨ µm NUv‡j F1 Rby‡Z mKj †gvi‡Mi
KviY, bvg I Kvh©vewjmn e¨vL¨v Ki| 4 ev”Pv mv`v e‡Y©i nq| wKš‘ F2 Rby‡Z mv`v I iwOb cvj‡Ki
3 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU jÿ Ki Ges cÖkœ¸‡jvi DËi `vI : wd‡bvUvBwcK AbycvZwU 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 Gi cwie‡Z© 13 : 3 G
cwiYZ nq|
K. IwUwUm wgwWqv Kx? 1
L. k¦vmiÄK ej‡Z Kx eyS? 2
M. DÏxc‡K iwOb cvj‡Ki wRb Dcw¯’Z _vKv m‡Ë¡I F1
wPò : K wPò : L
Rby‡Z iwOb cvj‡Ki †gviM-gyiwM bv cvIqvi KviY
K. wm‡jvg Kx? 1
e¨vL¨v Ki| 3
L. cÖwZmvg¨Zv ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2 N. DÏxc‡Ki †gvi‡M F2 Rby‡Z †h e¨wZµg cwijwÿZ
M. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖvYx `ywUi c‡e©i ˆewkó¨MZ cv_©K¨ nq Zv GKwU †PKvi †ev‡W©i mvnv‡h¨ we‡kølY Ki| 4
eY©bv Ki| 3 8  wb‡Pi wPθ‡jv jÿ Ki
N. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖvYx `ywU evsjv‡`‡ki A_©bxwZ‡Z
Kxfv‡e mnvqZv Ki‡Q we‡kølY Ki| 4
4 bgybv-C : Kvc© RvZxq gvQ, nvj`v b`x cÖavb cÖRbb‡ÿÎ|
bgybv-D : wn‡gvwmj I gvjwcwRqvb bvwjKv Dcw¯’Z|
K. mvBK¬‡qW AuvBk Kx? 1 wPÎ-1 wPÎ-2 wPÎ-3
L. gv‡Qi n„rwcЇK wkiv n„rwcÐ ejv nq †Kb? 2 K. †UbWb Kx? 1
M. bgybv-C-Gi evqy_wji MVb I KvR †jL| 3 L. Rh d¨v±i ej‡Z Kx eySvq? 2
M. wPÎ-Ô1Õ Gi AskwUi MVb eY©bv Ki| 3
N. bgybv-D-Gi cÖavb `k©bv‡½i MvVwbK GK‡Ki wPwýZ
N. wPÎ-2 Ges wPÎ-3 Gi MVb؇qi g‡a¨ Zzjbvg~jK
wPÎmn wewfbœ As‡ki KvR †jL| 4 we‡kølY Ki| 4
 98
G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 1 welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 1 I 2 bs cÖ‡kœi 8. G ai‡bi Aw¯’f½ wPwKrmvi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ 16. †KvbwU mg‡MvÎxq bq?
DËi `vI : i. fvOv Aw¯’ w U Dc‡ii w`‡K ivL‡Z n‡e K Musca domestica
ii. Aw¯’ f‡½i gvÎv I mwVK ¯’vb wPwýZ L Apis indica
M Anopheles culicifacies
Ki‡Z n‡e
N Homo sapiens
iii. fv½v RvqMvwU †eu‡a w`‡Z n‡e
17. Zvivgv‡Qi nviv‡bv evû cybM©V‡bi c×wZ
1. DÏxc‡Ki A½wU wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K Regeneration L Automixis
i. †cwiKvwW©qvg Avei‡Y Ave„Z K i I ii L i I iii
M Budding N Fusion
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
ii. †cwkhy³ I KcvwUKv mg„× 18. †Kvb cÖvYx‡Z Aixq wK¬‡fR N‡U?
iii. Am¤ú~Y© Pvi cÖ‡Kvô wewkó
9. gv_vi Lywj‡Z KqwU nvo i‡q‡Q?
K wSbyK L †Ku‡Pv
K 23 L 33
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M 29 N 17 M Nvmdwos N kvgyK
K i I ii L i I iii 10. †KvbwU wØZxq †kÖwYi wjfvi? 19. fj‡f›U †bgv‡Uvwm‡÷i †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K gv_vi Lywj I GUjvm mwÜ i. kxl©‡`k eÜ
2. D‡jøwLZ A½wUi gva¨‡g Kxfv‡e i³ L cv‡qi cvZvi †Mvovjx ii. AvVv‡jv im ÿiY K‡i
mÂvjb nq? M KbyB mwÜ iii. m~ÎwU cu¨vPv‡bv
K Wvb Awj›`  Wvb wbjq  N nuvUz mwÜ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
cvj‡gvbvwi agwb  dzmdzm 11. wb‡Pi †KvbwU †m·wjsKW wWmAW©vi bq? K i I ii L i I iii
K jvj-meyR eY©vÜZv M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
L evg Awj›`  evg wbjq 
L _¨vjv‡mwgqv
cvj‡gvbvwi agwb  dzmdzm  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 20 I 21 bs
M wn‡gvwdwjqv
M evg Awj›`  Wvb wbjq  cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
N Wz‡kwb gvmKzjvi wWmUªwd
cvj‡gvbvwi agwb  dzmdzm mv`web GKv`k †kÖwYi QvÎ| cÖvwYweÁvb
12. weeZ©b m¤ú‡K© †KvbwU mwVK?
K¬v‡m †m iæB gv‡Qi MVb m¤ú‡K© Ávb
N evg Awj›`  cvj‡gvbvwi agwb  K me mgq AMÖMwZkxj
L me mgq cðv`gyLx
jvf K‡i‡Q|
Wvb wbjq  dzmdzm
M Bnv GKwU `ªæZ cÖwµqv 20. DÏxc‡Ki gvQwUi ˆewkó¨ n‡jv
3. i‡³i pH wbqš¿Y wbf©i K‡i hvi Dci
N Bnv GKwU µgvMZ cÖwµqv i. cy”Q cvLbv mgvb
K Gw›U‡Rb L evdvi
13. wRb Gi ˆewkó¨ cÖKv‡k †h †cÖvwUb ii. dzjKv 6 †Rvov
M i‡³i MÖæc N Gw›UewW
D‡jøL‡hvM¨ f‚wgKv iv‡L iii. gyLwQ`ª m¤§y‡L
4. dzmdz‡mi K¨vÝv‡ii Rb¨ `vqx wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K wn‡÷vb L wjD‡Kvwmb
K SiO2 L CO2
M †¯‹¬‡iv‡cÖvwUb N Mø‡y Uwjb K i I ii L i I iii
M MnO2 N H2S
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
5. GKRb my¯’¨ c~Ye© q¯‹ gvbyl wekÖvgiZ  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 14 I 15 bs
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : 21. wMRv‡W©i †Kvb AskwU QuvKwbi KvR K‡i?
Ae¯’vq wgwb‡U KZevi k¦mbwµqv m¤úv`b
K `uvZ L weªmj
K‡i? wcZv-gvZv  ♂ mv`v Mi‚  ♀ jvj Mi‚
M KcvwUKv N †KvbwUB bq
K 20  25 evi L 14  18 evi
22. wjfv‡ii †Kvb †jvewU wcË_wji mv‡_
M 7  10 evi N 30 40 evi ˆivqvb Mi‚
F1 cÉR¯Ã   mshy³ _v‡K?
6. wn‡gv‡Møvwe‡bi †Kvb As‡k CO2 hy³ nq? F2cÉR¯Ã K Right lobe L Quadrate lobe
K  COOH L  OH 14. DÏxc‡Ki NUbvwU‡K wRbZ‡Ë¡ Kx e‡j? M Left lobe N Caudate lobe
M  NH2 N  HCO3 K mgcÖKUZv L Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv 23. †KvbwU Avwgl cwicvKKvix GbRvBg?
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 7 I 8 bs M cÖKU Gwc÷vwmm K jvB‡cR L j¨vK‡UR
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : N ˆØZ cÖ”Qbœ Gwc÷vwmm M †iwbb N AvB‡mvgj‡UR
ewb dzUej †Lj‡Z wM‡q Zvi wdgv‡ii 15. DÏxc‡Ki F2 cÖRš§ w`‡q Lvgvi ˆZwi Kiv 24. AMœ¨vk‡qi †Kvb †Kv‡li ÿiY i‡³i
Aw¯Í †f‡O UzK‡iv n‡q hvq| wKš‘ Pvgov hv‡e Møæ‡Kv‡Ri gvÎv Kgvq?
†f` K‡i evB‡i †ewi‡q Av‡m bv| i. jvj Miæi K Avjdv L weUv

7. DÏxc‡K ewY©Z Aw¯’f½‡K e‡j ii. †ivqvb Miæi M †Wëv N Mvgv

K e× Aw¯’f½ iii. mv`v Miæi 25. nvBWª v i †`‡ni †Kvb †Kvl‡K msiwÿZ
L †hŠwMK Aw¯’f½ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? †Kvl e‡j?
K i I ii L ii I iii K †cwk-AveiYx L ms‡e`x
M RwUj Aw¯’f½
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M mœ v qy N B›Uviw÷wkqvj
N wMÖbw÷K Aw¯’f½
 99
G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 2 welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. ¯Íb¨cvqx †kÖwYi cÖvYx‡Z cvIqv hvq 8. _ªw¤^b Drcbœ nq †KvbwUi Dcw¯’wZ‡Z? 17. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ †KvlwU
i. `šÍwenxb †Pvqvj K cUvwkqvg L nvB‡Wªv‡Rb K ms‡e`x L mœvqy
ii. †jvg Øviv Ave„Z M A¨v‡gvwbqvg N K¨vjwmqvg M †cwk-AveiYx N MÖwš’
iii. ga¨”Q`v c`©v 9. †jvwnZ KwYKvi Avqy 18. DÏxc‡Ki †KvlwUi †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? K 100 w`b L 101 w`b i. ewnt‡Kvlxq cwicv‡K mnvqZv K‡i
K i I ii L ii I iii M 120 w`b N 130 w`b
ii. wùsUvi Gi g‡Zv KvR K‡i
M i I iii N i, ii I iii  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 10 I 11 bs iii. Pj‡b mnvqZv K‡i
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 2 I 3 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : gvbe‡`‡ni i‡³ GKwU k¦vmićKi K i I ii L i I iii
wίÍix cÖvYx‡`i †g‡mvWvg© †d‡U wM‡q Dcw¯’wZ‡Z i‡³i is jvj nq| Bnv `ywU M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
ga¨eZ©x ¯’v‡b GKwU MnŸi ˆZwi nq hv wfbœ M¨v‡mi mv‡_ †hŠ_ MVb K‡i k¦m‡b 19. Ry‡fbvBj ni‡gvb †Kvb MÖwš’ †_‡K ÿwiZ
GKwU we‡kl c`©v Øviv Ave„Z _v‡K| mnvqZv K‡i| nq?
2. we‡kl c`©vwUi bvg Kx? 10. GB k¦vmićKi bvg Kx?
K K‡c©viv A¨vjvUv
K †cwiAw÷qvg L †cwi‡Uvwbqvg K wn‡gvmvqvwbb L wn‡gv‡Møvweb
L B›Uvi‡mwieªvj MÖwš’‡Kvl
M †cwiKvwW©qvg N †cwiKwÛªqvg M †gjvwbb N K¨v‡ivwUb
M †cÖv_vivwmK MÖwš’
3. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ ˆewkó¨ m¤úbœ cÖvYx 11. DÏxc‡Ki k¦vmiÄK `ywU wfbœ M¨v‡mi mv‡_
N K‡c©viv KvwW©qvKv
wb¤œwjwLZ †Kvb c‡e©i? hy³ n‡q †Kvb †hŠM¸‡jv MVb K‡i?
i. Nemathelminthes i. Aw·-wn‡gv‡Møvweb 20. F1 I F2 Rbyi wR‡bvUvBwcK web¨vm
ii. Chordata ii. Kve©vwg‡bvwn‡gv‡Møvweb Rvb‡Z †Kvb µm e¨en„Z nq?
iii. Porifera K e¨vKµm L †U÷µm
iii. Kve©vwg‡bv‡cÖvwUb
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M g‡bvnvBweªW µm N WvBnvBweªW µm
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L ii
K i I ii L i I iii 21. Nvmdwos Gi †Kvb AskwU Lv`¨ P‚Y© Ki‡Y
M iii N i, ii I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii e¨en„Z nq?
4. gvby‡li †`‡n Lv`¨ cwicvK nq cÖavbZ 12. gvbe‡`‡ni Wvb dzmdzmwU KZ LÐ wewkó? K µc L †cÖv‡fw›UªKzjvm
i. cvK¯’wj‡Z
K `yB L wZb M M¨vw÷ªK wmKv N †iKUvj c¨vwcjv
ii. ÿz`ªv‡š¿
M Pvi N cuvP 22. iyB gv‡Qi AuvBk
iii. gjvk‡q
13. ˆØZ cÖ”Qbœ µ‡m wd‡bvUvB‡ci AbycvZ nq i. Aw¯’ wbwg©Z
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K 9 : 3 : 3 : 1 L 15 : 1 ii. GwcWvg©vj ¯Íi n‡Z m„ó
Ki L i I iii
M 13 : 3 N9:7 iii. †kÖwYweb¨v‡m e¨en„Z nq
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
14. gvbe n„rwc‡Ð jve k‡ãi m„wó nq wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 5 I 6 bs K Awj‡›`i wm‡÷v‡j K i I ii L i I iii
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : L Awj‡›`i Wvqv‡÷v‡j
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
A i³ MÖæcavix cyiæ‡li mv‡_ B i³ M wbj‡qi Wvqv‡÷v‡j
MÖæcavix gwnjvi we‡q n‡j Zv‡`i cÖ_g 23. wb‡¤œi †KvbwU ÿz`ªvš¿ †_‡K ÿwiZ ni‡gvb?
N wbj‡qi wm‡÷v‡j
K M¨vw÷ªb
mšÍvb n‡jv O i³ MÖæcavix| 15. ms‡hvMKvix Rxe †KvbwU?
L wm‡µwUb
5. DÏxcK Abyhvqx cyiæ‡li wR‡bvUvBc n‡e K AvwK©Ic‡Uwi· L BKzqvm
KL L A A
LL L A O M MøyKvMb
M wcøIwnàvm N cøvwUcvm
ML L A B
NL L B O
N c¨vbwµ‡qwUK cwj‡ccUvBW
16. ÔOntogeny recapitulates phylogenyÕ
6. i³MÖæc wbqš¿YKvix wR‡bi †ÿ‡Î †Kvb gZev‡`i mv‡_ m¤úwK©Z? 24. evqy_wj †_‡K i³ msM„nxZ nq †Kvb wkivi
i. gvwëcj A¨vwjj m¤úwK©Z K WviDBbev` gva¨‡g?
ii. A¨vwjjmg~n wfbœ wfbœ †jvKv‡m Aew¯’Z L Rvg©cøvRg gZev` K †ncvwUK †cvU©vj L KvwW©bvj
iii. LA I LB wRb mgcÖKUZv †`Lvq M cybive„wË gZev` M †ncvwUK N †ibvj †cvU©vj
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? N cwie¨w³ gZev` 25. AkK© i v †_‡K kK© i v Drc‡bœ i cÖwµqv‡K Kx
K i I ii L i I iii e‡j?
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 17 I 18 bs
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii K jvB‡cv‡R‡bwmm
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : L MøvB‡Kv‡R‡bwmm
7. †k¦ZKwYKvi RxevYy fÿY cÖwµqv
K AwfmÖeY L wc‡bvmvB‡Uvwmm M MøvB‡Kv‡R‡bvjvBwmm
M e¨vcb N d¨v‡MvmvB‡Uvwmm N Mø‡y KvwbI‡R‡bwmm
 100
G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 3 welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. †KvbwU cøvRgv †cÖvwUb bq? 8. DÏxc‡Ki MVbwUi KvR n‡jv 16. †cŠwóKZ‡š¿i †h As‡k D³ A½wU _v‡K,
K A¨vjeywgb L dvBweª‡bv‡Rb i. Lv`¨ aiv †m As‡ki KvR †KvbwU?
M †cÖv_w¤^b N wewjiæweb ii. Lv‡`¨i ¯^v` MÖnY K AcvP¨ As‡ki MuvRb
2. Avgv‡`i kix‡ii AwZwi³ Pwe© wb‡Pi †Kvb iii. cv cwi®‹vi Kiv L d¨vwU Gwm‡Wi e¨vcb

A‡½ Rgv _v‡K? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M wfUvwgb Gi †kvlY

N wj‡cv‡cÖvwUb MVb
K cvK¯’jx L AMœ¨vkq K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
17. gvby ‡li k¦m‡b kZKiv KZ fvM O2
M MjeøvWvi N hK…Z
cøvRgvq †fŠZ `ªeY iƒ‡c cwievnZ nq?
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 3 I 4 bs 9. mve‡K¬wfqvb agwb iæB gv‡Qi †Kvb A‡½
K 0.1% L 0.2%
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : i³ mieivn K‡i? M 2.0% N 1.0%
iæB I nv½i Df‡qB gvQ n‡jI G‡`i K cvK¯’jx L hK…Z 18. wj_vb wR‡bi Kvi‡Y †Kvb †ivM nq?
g‡a¨ †kÖwYweb¨vmMZ I MvVwbK cv_©K¨ M eÿ cvLbv N AMœ¨vkq K wn‡gvwdwjqv I _¨vjv‡mwgqv
we`¨gvb| 10. wb‡Pi †KvbwU wbw®µq GbRvBg L _¨vjv‡mwgqv I eY©vÜZv
3. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ cÖ_g cÖvYxwU †h †kÖwYi K †ccwmb L †ccwm‡bv‡Rb M eY©vÜZv I ivZKvbv
M A¨vgvB‡jR N †iwbb N ivZKvbv I wn‡gvwdwjqv
AšÍM©Z
K Myxini L Sarcopterygii D”PPvc e¨v‡ivwim›Uvi wb¤œPvc wiwmÞvi  wb‡Pi wPÎwU †`‡L 19 I 20 bs cÖ‡kœi
M Actinopterygii N Chondrictheys 'X' 'Y' DËi `vI :
4. DÏxc‡K D‡jøwLZ wØZxq cÖvYxwUi †ÿ‡Î 11. 'X' As‡ki ms‡KZ gw¯Í‡®‹i †Kvb As‡k
R‡ov nq?
cÖ‡qvRb X
K cbm
i. cøvK‡qW Auvk we`¨gvb
L †m‡ieªvg
ii. cy”Q cvLbv †nUv‡ivmvK©vj
M †gWzjv AejsMvUv Y
iii. 4 †Rvov dzjKv _v‡K
N _¨vjvgvm 19. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎwUi 'Y' Ask †KvbwU?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
12. 'Y' As‡ki ms‡K‡Zi †cÖwÿ‡Z †Kvb K fvi L wcfU
K i I ii L i I iii
ni‡gvb ÿwiZ nq? M wjfvi N ej
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
K ITH L CT 20. DÏxc‡Ki 'X' AskwUi KvR n‡jv
5. †ncvwib n‡jv M MSH N ADH i. GwU nvUzi Ask fuvR Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i
i. †cÖvwUb Dcv`vb 13. gvby‡li AB i³MÖæ‡ci †ÿ‡Î cÖ‡hvR¨ ii. GwU †Mvovwj‡K DuPz Ki‡Z mvnvh¨ K‡i
ii. i³ ZÂb cÖwZ‡iva K‡i i. A¨vw›U‡Rb 'A' I 'B' Dcw¯’Z iii. GwU †`‡ni fvimvg¨ iÿv K‡i
iii. _ª‡¯^vcøvw÷b Øviv mwµq nq ii. A¨vw›UewW 'A' I 'B' Abycw¯’Z wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? iii. me©Rbxb MÖnxZv K i I ii L i I iii
K i I ii L ii I iii wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M i I iii N i, ii I iii K i I ii L i I iii 21. XX-XO c×wZ‡Z wj‡½ wba©viY Kiv nq
6. †KvbwU A`vbv`vi? M ii I iii N i, ii I iii †Kvb cÖ v wY‡Z?
14. k¦vmbvwj‡Z †Kvb ai‡bi ZiæYvw¯’ †`Lv K Nvmdwos L evbi
K wbD‡Uªvwdj L g‡bvmvBU
hvq? M †Wªv‡mwdj N ev`yi
M †e‡mvwdj N BDwm‡bvwdj
K cxZZš‘gq L nvqvwjb 22. eY© v Ü evnK gwnjvi †R‡bUvBc Kx?
 wb‡Pi wPÎwU jÿ Ki Ges 7 I 8 bs
K XcXc L XX
cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : M †k¦ZZš‘gq N K¨vjwmdvBW
M XY N XcX
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU co Ges 15 I 16 bs
23. iæB gv‡Qi i‡³ Abycw¯’Z †KvbwU?
X cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI : K wn‡gv‡Møvweb L WBC
kvšÍvi †c‡U cÖPÐ e¨_v n‡j Wv³vi cixÿv M AYyPwµKv N RBC
K‡i ej‡jb, †cŠwóKZ‡š¿i †QvU GKwU 24. wb‡Pi †Kvb cÖvYxwU GL‡bv RxweZ?
wbw®µq A½ †K‡U †dj‡Z n‡e| K †gwiKwnàvm L †g‡mvwnàvm
15. D³ A½wU †cŠwóKZ‡š¿i †Kvb As‡k M BKzqvm N B‡qvwnàvm
7. DÏxc‡Ki X wPýZ ¯’v‡bi bvg  _v‡K? 25. me©c_Ö g Genetics kãwU e¨envi K‡ib †K?
K Kv‡W©v L ÷vBcm K Bwjqvg L wmKvg K Mendel L Bateson
M j¨vwmwbqv N M¨vwjqv M †RRybvg N †Kvjb M Karl-Correns N De-vries
 101
G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 4 welq †KvW : 1 7 9
mgq25 wgwbU RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿv c~Y©gvb25
[we‡kl `ªóe¨ : mieivnK…Z eûwbe©vPwb Afxÿvi DËic‡Î cÖ‡kœi µwgK b¤^‡ii wecix‡Z cÖ`Ë eY©msewjZ e„Ëmg~n n‡Z mwVK/ m‡e©vrK…ó Dˇii e„ËwU
ej c‡q›U Kjg Øviv m¤ú~Y© fivU Ki| cÖwZwU cÖ‡kœi gvb 1| cÖkœc‡Î †Kv‡bv cÖKvi `vM/wPý †`Iqv hv‡e bv|]
1. wb‡¤œi †Kvb A½Øq ci¯ú‡ii mv‡_ 9. cÖvwYRM‡Zi e„nËg ce© †KvbwU? 18. nvBI‡qW †Kvb AvK…wZi Aw¯’?
mivmwi mshy³ bq? K Mollusca L Annelida KI LS
M Arthropoda N Echinodermata MU NV
K Abœbvwj-cvK¯’wj
L †Kvjb-†iKUvg 10. nvBWªvi †`n cybiærcwˇZ mnvqZvKvix †KvlwU? 19. gvby‡li ¯^ih‡š¿i cÖavb ZiæYvw¯’ n‡jv
i. ÿz`ª I wW¤^vKvi i. _vBi‡qW
M cvK¯’wj-wWI‡Wbvg
¸”QvKv‡i we`¨gvb _v‡K ii. wµK‡qW
N †RRybvg-wmKvg ii.
iii. A¨vwiwUb‡qW
2. gvby‡li e„n`‡š¿i ˆ`N©¨ cÖvq KZ wgUvi? iii. ïay GwcWvwg©
‡ m Ae¯’v b K‡i
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K 1.3 L 1.5 wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii
M 1.7 N 1.8 K i I ii L i I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
3. Sarcopterygii †kÖwYi cÖvYxi M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K 20 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
K AšÍ:K¼vj Aw¯’gq 11. nvBWªvi †hŠb Rb‡bi †ÿ‡Î †KvbwU mwVK bq?
L AšÍ:K¼vj ZiæYvw¯’gq K AwaKvsk nvBWªv GKwjw½K
M cy”Q-cvLbv †nv‡gvmvK©vj cÖK…wZi L wKQy cÖRvwZ Dfwjw½K X
N cy”Q-cvLbv †nUv‡ivmvK©vj cÖK…wZi M G‡`i ciwb‡lK N‡U
4. †Kvb K…wg †Pv‡L AvµgY K‡i? N G‡`i ¯^wb‡lK N‡U
20. DÏxc‡Ki X wPwýZ As‡ki bvg Kx?
K Loa loa 12. bvwjKv c` cvIqv hvq †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYx‡Z? K ¯úvBbvm cÖ‡mm L UªvÝWvm© cÖ‡mm
L Fasciola hepatica K Porifera L Cnidaria
M AvwU©Kzjvi cÖ‡mm N K¨vwcPzjvi cÖ‡mm
M Ascaris lumbricoides M Echinodermata N Platyhelminthes
N Wuchereria bancrofti 13. weï× mv`v (C C ) †jv‡gi luv‡oi mv‡_
W W 21. agwbi
 wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K 5 I 6 bs cÖ‡kœi i. jy‡gb †QvU
weï× jvj (CRCR) †jv‡gi Mvfxi µ‡m
DËi `vI : ii. jy‡gb eo
†ivqvb (C C ) e‡Y©i †jv‡gi evQyi cvIqv
W R
iii. cÖvPxi w¯’wZ¯’vcK
5
hvq| Giƒc e¨wZµ‡gi KviY †KvbwU? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
4 K mgcÖKUZv L Am¤ú~Y© cÖKUZv K i I ii L i I iii
1
M cÖKU `gbKvh© N gviY wRb M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
3 14. AB eøvW MÖæc‡K mve©Rbxb MÖnxZv ejv nq 22. gvbe‡`‡n K¼vj †cwk KqwU?
KviY Gi K 640 L 645
i. a I b A¨vw›UewW _v‡K M 656 N 665
2
ii. A I B A¨vw›U‡Rb _v‡K 23. iwng mv‡ne GKRb ¯’j~ Kvq gvbyl| Zvi
5. wP‡Îi 1 wPwýZ Ask †_‡K wb‡Pi †KvbwU GB ¯’j ~ Zvi Rb¨ †hme †iv‡Mi cÖ‡Kvc
iii. A¨vw›UewW Abycw¯’Z
ÿwiZ nq bv? †e‡o †h‡Z cv‡i Zv n‡jv
K wUªcwmb L jvB‡cR wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii i. n„`‡ivM
M g‡ëR N Uvqvwjb ii. Wvqv‡ewUm
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
6. DÏxc‡Ki 2-5 wPwýZ As‡ki iii. K¨vÝvi
i. †Kvl¸‡jv bvwjwenxb
15. cwj‡RwbK Bb‡nwiU¨v‡Ýi D`vniY †KvbwU?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K g~K-ewaiZv
ii. †Kvl n‡Z ni‡gvb ÿiY nq K i I ii L i I iii
iii. †Kvl n‡Z GbRvBg ÿiY nq L gvby‡li Mv‡qi is M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? M mܨvgvjZx dz‡ji eY©  wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K 24 I 25 bs cÖ‡kœi
K i I ii L i I iii N Av›`vjywmqvb †gviM-gyiwMi cvj‡Ki eY© DËi `vI :
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii  wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K 16 I 17 bs cÖ‡kœi
 wb‡Pi wP‡Îi Av‡jv‡K 7 I 8 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
DËi `vI :
A
C A B
24. DÏxc‡Ki wPÎ A I B Gi bvg Kx?
16. DÏxc‡Ki C wPwýZ AskwUi bvg Kx? K g‡bvmvBU I wbD‡Uªvwdj
L wbD‡Uªvwdj I BIwm‡bvwdj
7. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwU †Kvb †kÖwYi? K UªvwKqv L eª¼vB
M BIwm‡bvwdj I g‡bvmvBU
K Aves L Reptilia M A¨vjwfIjvm N A¨vjwfIjvi bvwj
M Amphibia N Mammalia N †e‡mvwdj I wj‡çvmvBU
17. DÏxc‡Ki A wPwýZ As‡k 25. A I B DfqB
8. DÏxc‡Ki cÖvYxwUi i. †¯‹vqvgvm Gwc‡_wjqvj †Kvl _v‡K
i. kixi G‡Ûv_vwg©K i. `vbv`vi
ii. mvid¨vKU¨v›U wbtm„Z nq ii. A`vbv`vi
ii. †Kvb jvf©v `kv †bB
iii. M¨vmxq wewbgq N‡U iii. d¨v‡MvmvBwUK
iii. n„rwcÐ m¤ú~Y©fv‡e Pvi-cÖ‡Kvôwewkó
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
K i I ii L i I iii K i I ii L i I iii Ki L ii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
M ii I iii N i, ii I iii
 102

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 5 welq †KvW : 1 7 9

mgq : 25 wgwbU Rxeweævb w«¼Zxq cò eüwbeÆvPwb AfxÞv cƒYÆgvb : 25
[weGkl `ËÓ¡eÅ : mieivnK‡Z eüwbeÆvPwb AfxÞvi DîicGò cÉGk²i KÌwgK bÁ¼Gii wecixGZ cÉ`î eYÆmsewjZ e†îmgƒn nGZ mwVK/ mGeÆvrK‡Ó¡ DîGii
e†îwU ej cGq´Ÿ Kjg «¼viv mÁ·ƒYÆ fivU Ki| cÉwZwU cÉGk²i gvb 1| cÉk²cGò ˆKvGbv cÉKvi `vM/wPn× ˆ`Iqv hvGe bv|]
1. †Kvb c‡e©i cÖvYxi Rxeb-aviY c×wZ 10. D³ `¤úwËi 1g mšÍvb my¯’fv‡e Rš§MÖnY 17. gvbe‡`‡ni Wvb dzmdzm KqwU †jve/
m¤ú~Y©iƒ‡c ¯^vaxb? K‡i, KviY †m‡KÛvix eª¼vm MVb K‡i?
K Porifera L Colenterata K wcZvi i‡³ h‡_ó cwigvY Rh K1 L2
M Annelida N Echinodermata M3 N4
A¨vw›UewWi Abycw¯’wZ
2. KvW© RvZxq gv‡Q †Kvb ai‡bi AuvBk 18. wb‡Pi †KvbwUi cÖ
v Px‡i gm„Y †cwk we`¨gvb?
L gvZvi i‡³ h‡_ó cwigvY Rh
cvIqv hvq? K k¦ v mbvwj L †Pvqvj
K mvBK¬‡qW L wUb‡qW
A¨vw›UewW ˆZwi nIqv
M Mjwej N Wvqvd«vg
M M¨vb‡qW N cøvK‡qW M gvZvi i‡³ h‡_ó cwigvY Rh
A¨v›UewW ˆZwi bv nIqv  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 19 I 20 bs cÖ‡kœi
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 3 I 4 bs cÖ‡kœi DËi `vI :
N gvZvi i‡³ Drcbœ mg¯Í Rh A¨vw›UewW
DËi `vI : 30 ermi eqmx GK e¨w³i n„`¯ú›`b
nvBWªvq wgDKvm `vbv mg„× Ges wefvR‡b bó n‡q hvIqv
wgwb‡U 68 evi| †ek wKQyw`b a‡i Zvi
mÿg GK ai‡bi †Kvl Av‡Q| 11. 2q mšÍvb g„Zz¨i KviY
n„`¯ú›`b AwbqZ n‡”Q|
3. DÏxc‡Ki †KvlwUi bvg Kx? i. gv‡qi Rh-ve i³
19. Zvi KvwW©qvK P‡µi mgqKvj KZ †m‡KÛ?
K †cwk AveiYx L B›Uviw÷wkqvj ii. 僇Y WBC aŸsm n‡q hvIqv
K 0.88 L 0.83
M MÖwš’ N wb‡WvmvBU iii. 僇Yi †`‡n cÖPÐ i³víZv
M 0.78 N 0.75
4. D³ †Kv‡li KvR n‡jv wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? 20. G †ÿ‡Î D³ e¨w³i †ÿ‡Î wb‡Pi †Kvb
i. Pj‡b mvnvh¨ Kiv K i I ii L ii I iii
evK¨wU cÖ‡hvR¨
ii. cybtiærcwˇZ f‚wgKv ivLv M i I iii N i, ii I iii
i. A¨vwi_wgqvi f‚M‡Q
iii. †Kvb e¯‘i mv‡_ †`n‡K Ave× ivL‡Z 12. n„`P‡µ wif©vm †cwi÷¨vjwmm †`Lv hvq
ii. k¦vmKó Abyf‚Z n‡”Q
mnvqZv Kiv †Kvb †kÖwYi cÖvYx‡Z?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK? iii. A¯’vqx †cm‡gKvi mshy³ Kiv cÖ‡qvRb
K Larvacea L Petromyzontida
K i I ii L ii I iii wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
M Chondrichthys N Actinopterygii
M i I iii N i, ii I iii K i I ii L ii I iii
13. Nvmdwos-Gi †gvwës wbqš¿‡Y f‚wgKv iv‡L
5. Nvmdwos-Gi †g‡m‡›Ui‡Y wb‡Pi †Kvb M i I iii N i, ii I iii
†Kvb ni‡gvb?
GbRvBgwU we`¨gvb? 21. RRYy wR‡bvUvBc wewkó `yBwU Rx‡ei
K †cÖv‡_vivwm‡KvwUªwcK
K KvBwU‡bR L †mjy‡jvR g‡a¨ msKivq‡bi d‡j †R‡bwUK¨vwj c„_K
L GKWvBmb Ac‡Z¨i msL¨v n‡e KZwU?
M g‡ëR N my‡µvR
6. _ª‡¤^vcøvw÷b Drcv`‡b mvnvh¨ K‡i †Kvb M Ry‡fbvBj K1 L2
d¨v±i? N †Mvbv‡WvUª w cK M 3 N4
K iii L iv 14. iæB gv‡Qi i‡³ wb‡P †KvbwU Abycw¯’Z? 22. wcDwiK wmgdvBwmm †Kvb ai‡bi Aw¯’mwÜ?
M vi N vii K †jvwnZ i³KwYKv K Zš‘gq L ZiæYvw¯’gq
7. gvbe‡`‡n me‡Pq †ewk cvwbi †kvlY N‡U L †k¦Z i³KwYKv M Abo N mPj
cwicvKbvwji †Kvb As‡k? M AYyPwµKv 23. †KvbwU U‡Uvwbg bvgKi‡Yi D`vniY?
K wWI‡Wbvg L †RRybvg K Panthera tigris
N wn‡gv‡Møvweb
M Bwjqvg N †Kvjb L Passer domesticus niloticus
8. gvbe‡`‡ni †Kvb As‡k IUvBwUm wgwWqvi  wb‡Pi wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 15 I 16 bs M Naja naja
msµgY N‡U? cÖ‡ kœ i DËi `vI : N Cyprinus carpio Linnaeus 1758
K ga¨KY© L AšÍtKY© wic‡bi D”PZv 1.65 wgUvi Ges ˆ`wnK  wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 24 I 25 bs cÖ‡kœi
M Mjwej N bvmvMnŸi IRb 80 †KwR DËi `vI :
15. MBI Abyhvqx wic‡bi gvb wb‡`©wkKv KZ? A
K AwZwi³ IRb
L ¯’~jZvi 1g ¯Íi
9. 'X' wPwýZ AskwU †Kvb ai‡bi Aw¯’? 24. 'A' hy³ ¯úvBivKj Nvmdwos-Gi bx‡Pi
M ¯’~jZvi 2q ¯Íi †Kvb LÛ‡K Dcw¯’Z _v‡K?
K ÿz`ª L Pvcv
N ¯’~jZvi 3q ¯Íi K 1g eÿxq L 2q eÿxq
M AwbqZ N evqyc~Y©
 wb‡Pi DÏxcKwU c‡o 10 I 11 bs cÖ‡kœi 16. wic‡bi ¯^v¯’¨MZ mgm¨vi Rb¨ `vqx n‡jv M 3q eÿxq N 2q D`ixq
i. †÷i‡qW RvZxq Jla †meb 25. 'A'-Gi KvR Kx?
DËi `vI :
ii. D”P wecvK nvi i. Av`ªZv eRvq iv‡L
gwng-Bwibv `¤úwËi 1g mšÍvbwU my¯’fv‡e
iii. wRbMZ ms‡e`bkxjZv ii. k¦vmKv‡h© mnvqZv K‡i
Rš§MÖnY Ki‡jI cieZ©x mšÍvb åƒYve¯’vq
iii. ay‡jvevwj, RxevYy BZ¨vw`i cÖ‡ek †iva K‡i
gviv hvq| i³ cixÿvq Rvbv †M‡Q D³ wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
wb‡Pi †KvbwU mwVK?
`¤úwËi Rh d¨v±‡i wfbœZv (gwn‡gi Rh +, K i I ii L ii I iii
K i I ii L ii I iii
Bwbivi Rh–) i‡q‡Q| M i I iii N i, ii I iii
M i I iii N i, ii I iii
 103

†evW© cixÿvi cÖkœc‡Îi DËigvjv

†evW© cixÿvi cÖkœc‡Îi DËigvjv  m„Rbkxj
DËim~Î : HSC m„Rbkxj RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eB‡qi ...
XvKv ˆevWÆ 2023
1 323 c„ôvi 1 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 463 c„ôvi 1 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 363 c„ôvi 1 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 501 c„ôvi 1 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 374 c„ôvi 23 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 527 c„ôvi 1 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 425 c„ôvi 1 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 551 c„ôvi 1 bs cÖkœ I DËi

ivRkvnx ˆevWÆ 2023

1 324 c„ôvi 2 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 426 c„ôvi 2 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 364 c„ôvi 2 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 426 c„ôvi 3 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 374 c„ôvi 24 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 464 c„ôvi 3 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 464 c„ôvi 2 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 552 c„ôvi 2 bs cÖkœ I DËi

hGkvi ˆevWÆ 2023

1 324 c„ôvi 3 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 465 c„ôvi 4 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 364 c„ôvi 3 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 502 c„ôvi 2 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 375 c„ôvi 25 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 528 c„ôvi 2 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 427 c„ôvi 4 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 552 c„ôvi 3 bs cÖkœ I DËi

KzwgÍÏv ˆevWÆ 2023

1 325 c„ôvi 4 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 465 c„ôvi 5 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 365 c„ôvi 4 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 502 c„ôvi 3 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 375 c„ôvi 26 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 528 c„ôvi 3 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 428 c„ôvi 5 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 553 c„ôvi 4 bs cÖkœ I DËi

PëMÉvg ˆevWÆ 2023

1 325 c„ôvi 5 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 466 c„ôvi 6 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 365 c„ôvi 5 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 529 c„ôvi 4 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 386 c„ôvi 49 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 503 c„ôvi 4 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 428 c„ôvi 6 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 554 c„ôvi 5 bs cÖkœ I DËi

wmGjU ˆevWÆ 2023

1 326 c„ôvi 6 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 429 c„ôvi 7 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 366 c„ôvi 6 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 466 c„ôvi 7 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 386 c„ôvi 50 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 503 c„ôvi 5 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 376 c„ôvi 27 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 554 c„ôvi 6 bs cÖkœ I DËi

ewikvj ˆevWÆ 2023

1  327 c„ôvi 7 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5  467 c„ôvi 8 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2  377 c„ôvi 28 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6  504 c„ôvi 6 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3  387 c„ôvi 51 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7  529 c„ôvi 5 bs cÖkœ I DËi
 104
4  429 c„ôvi 8 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8  555 c„ôvi 7 bs cÖkœ I DËi
w`bvRcyi ˆevWÆ 2023
1 327 c„ôvi 8 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 468 c„ôvi 9 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 366 c„ôvi 7 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 504 c„ôvi 7 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 388 c„ôvi 52 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 530 c„ôvi 6 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 430 c„ôvi 9 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 556 c„ôvi 8 bs cÖkœ I DËi

gqgbwmsn ˆevWÆ 2023

1 324 c„ôvi 2 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 426 c„ôvi 2 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 364 c„ôvi 2 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 468 c„ôvi 10 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 374 c„ôvi 24 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 464 c„ôvi 3 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 388 c„ôvi 53 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 552 c„ôvi 2 bs cÖkœ I DËi

XvKv †evW© 2022

1 328 c„ôvi 9 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 468 c„ôvi 11 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 366 c„ôvi 8 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 506 c„ôvi 8 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 377 c„ôvi 29 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 531 c„ôvi 7 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 430 c„ôvi 10 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 556 c„ôvi 9 bs cÖkœ I DËi

ivRkvnx †evW© 2022

1 328 c„ôvi 10 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 431 c„ôvi 11 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 367 c„ôvi 9 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 469 c„ôvi 12 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 377 c„ôvi 30 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 506 c„ôvi 9 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 389 c„ôvi 54 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 557 c„ôvi 10 bs cÖkœ I DËi

h‡kvi †evW© 2022

1 328 c„ôvi 11 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 470 c„ôvi 13 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 367 c„ôvi 10 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 506 c„ôvi 10 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 390 c„ôvi 55 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 531 c„ôvi 8 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 431 c„ôvi 12 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 558 c„ôvi 11 bs cÖkœ I DËi

Kzwgjøv †evW© 2022

1 329 c„ôvi 12 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 532 c„ôvi 9 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 368 c„ôvi 11 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 558 c„ôvi 12 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 432 c„ôvi 13 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 378 c„ôvi 31 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 470 c„ôvi 14 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 507 c„ôvi 11 bs cÖkœ I DËi

PÆMÖvg †evW© 2022

1 330 c„ôvi 13 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 471 c„ôvi 15 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 369 c„ôvi 12 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 559 c„ôvi 13 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 378 c„ôvi 32 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 532 c„ôvi 10 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 432 c„ôvi 14 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 560 c„ôvi 14 bs cÖkœ I DËi

wm‡jU †evW© 2022

1 330 c„ôvi 14 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 507 c„ôvi 12 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 369 c„ôvi 13 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 379 c„ôvi 33 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 433 c„ôvi 15 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 560 c„ôvi 15 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 390 c„ôvi 56 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 532 c„ôvi 11 bs cÖkœ I DËi
 105

ewikvj †evW© 2022

1 331 c„ôvi 15 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 507 c„ôvi 13 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 379 c„ôvi 34 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 533 c„ôvi 12 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 434 c„ôvi 16 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 561 c„ôvi 16 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 471 c„ôvi 16 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 562 c„ôvi 17 bs cÖkœ I DËi

w`bvRcyi †evW© 2022

1 331 c„ôvi 16 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 434 c„ôvi 17 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 370 c„ôvi 14 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 508 c„ôvi 14 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 380 c„ôvi 35 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 533 c„ôvi 13 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 472 c„ôvi 17 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 562 c„ôvi 18 bs cÖkœ I DËi

gqgbwmsn †evW© 2022

1 332 c„ôvi 17 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 391 c„ôvi 57 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 370 c„ôvi 15 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 534 c„ôvi 14 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 380 c„ôvi 36 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 563 c„ôvi 19 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 508 c„ôvi 15 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 564 c„ôvi 20 bs cÖkœ I DËi

XvKv †evW© 2021

1 333 c„ôvi 19 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 435 c„ôvi 18 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 333 c„ôvi 18 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 564 c„ôvi 21 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 391 c„ôvi 58 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 565 c„ôvi 22 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 472 c„ôvi 18 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 566 c„ôvi 23 bs cÖkœ I DËi

ivRkvnx †evW© 2021

1 334 c„ôvi 20 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 436 c„ôvi 20 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 381 c„ôvi 37 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 473 c„ôvi 19 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 391 c„ôvi 59 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 473 c„ôvi 20 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 435 c„ôvi 19 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 566 c„ôvi 24 bs cÖkœ I DËi

h‡kvi †evW© 2021

1 335 c„ôvi 21 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 474 c„ôvi 21 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 381 c„ôvi 38 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 474 c„ôvi 22 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 436 c„ôvi 21 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 568 c„ôvi 26 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 392 c„ôvi 60 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 567 c„ôvi 25 bs cÖkœ I DËi

Kzwgjøv †evW© 2021

1 335 c„ôvi 22 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 437 c„ôvi 22 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 382 c„ôvi 39 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 475 c„ôvi 23 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 393 c„ôvi 61 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 475 c„ôvi 24 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 437 c„ôvi 23 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 568 c„ôvi 27 bs cÖkœ I DËi

PÆMÖvg †evW© 2021

1 337 c„ôvi 25 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 438 c„ôvi 24 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 336 c„ôvi 23 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 476 c„ôvi 25 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 382 c„ôvi 40 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 569 c„ôvi 28 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 336 c„ôvi 24 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 393 c„ôvi 62 bs cÖkœ I DËi
 106

wm‡jU †evW© 2021

1 336 c„ôvi 23 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 337 c„ôvi 26 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 382 c„ôvi 41 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 569 c„ôvi 29 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 393 c„ôvi 63 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 476 c„ôvi 26 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 439 c„ôvi 25 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 570 c„ôvi 30 bs cÖkœ I DËi

ewikvj †evW© 2021

1 338 c„ôvi 28 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 439 c„ôvi 26 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 383 c„ôvi 42 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 477 c„ôvi 28 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 477 c„ôvi 27 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 571 c„ôvi 31 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 338 c„ôvi 27 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 571 c„ôvi 32 bs cÖkœ I DËi

w`bvRcyi †evW© 2021

1 440 c„ôvi 27 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 478 c„ôvi 30 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 383 c„ôvi 43 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 572 c„ôvi 33 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 394 c„ôvi 64 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 339 c„ôvi 29 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 478 c„ôvi 29 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 572 c„ôvi 34 bs cÖkœ I DËi

gqgbwmsn †evW© 2021

1 339 c„ôvi 30 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 479 c„ôvi 31 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 384 c„ôvi 44 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 574 c„ôvi 37 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 394 c„ôvi 65 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 573 c„ôvi 35 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 440 c„ôvi 28 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 573 c„ôvi 36 bs cÖkœ I DËi

†evW© cixÿvi cÖkœc‡Îi DËigvjv  eûwbe©vPwb

XvKv †evW© 2023
1 N 2 M 3 K 4 L 5 N 6 L 7 K 8 M 9 L 10 M 11 L 12 L 13 N
14 M 15 L 16 L 17 N 18 K 19 L 20 N 21 M 22 M 23 M 24 M 25 K

ivRkvnx †evW© 2023

1 L 2 N 3 L 4 M 5 M 6 M 7 K 8 M 9 L 10 M 11 K 12 M 13 M
14 M 15 K 16 N 17 L 18 K 19 N 20 N 21 L 22 N 23 K 24 L 25 K

h‡kvi †evW© 2023

1 M 2 M 3 L 4 N 5 L 6 N 7 K 8 L 9 N 10 N 11 M 12 M 13 L
14 M 15 N 16 K 17 M 18 M 19 N 20 K 21 M 22 K 23 M 24 K 25 K

Kzwgjøv †evW© 2023

1 M 2 K 3 L 4 M 5 L 6 M 7 M 8 K 9 L 10 L 11 N 12 K 13 K
14 M 15 N 16 N 17 L 18 M 19 K 20 M 21 L 22 M 23 K 24 M 25 M

PÆMÖvg †evW© 2023

1 M 2 L 3 K 4 K 5 L 6 M 7 N 8 M 9 N 10 N 11 K 12 M 13 N
14 L 15 M 16 L 17 M 18 N 19 K 20 K 21 N 22 N 23 L 24 L 25 K
 107

wm‡jU †evW© 2023

1 M 2 K 3 L 4 M 5 N 6 N 7 N 8 M 9 K 10 L 11 M 12 N 13 L
14 K 15 K 16 M 17 L 18 N 19 M 20 N 21 K 22 L 23 N 24 K 25 L

ewikvj †evW© 2023

1 L 2 L 3 M 4 K 5 K 6 N 7 M 8 M 9 K 10 N 11 K 12 L 13 K
14 L 15 N 16 N 17 K 18 K 19 L 20 K 21 N 22 N 23 M 24 K 25 M
w`bvRcyi †evW© 2023
1 K 2 M 3 M 4 N 5 K 6 M 7 N 8 M 9 K 10 N 11 K 12 M 13 N
14 L 15 M 16 K 17 K 18 K 19 N 20 L 21 N 22 M 23 M 24 K 25 M

gqgbwmsn †evW© 2023

1 L 2 N 3 M 4 L 5 N 6 M 7 N 8 K 9 M 10 N 11 M 12 N 13 K
14 K 15 M 16 N 17 K 18 N 19 K 20 K 21 K 22 M 23 K 24 N 25 K

XvKv †evW© 2022

1 L 2 K 3 L 4 K 5 M 6 N 7 M 8 M 9 N 10 K 11 K 12 N 13 K
14 M 15 K 16 M 17 L 18 N 19 K 20 L 21 L 22 K 23 M 24 N 25 N

ivRkvnx †evW© 2022

1 N 2 M 3 N 4 L 5 K 6 K 7 * 8 M 9 M 10 M 11 N 12 L 13 K
14 N 15 N 16 K 17 K 18 N 19 K 20 N 21 M 22 N 23 M 24 L 25 M

h‡kvi †evW© 2022

1 N 2 N 3 L 4 M 5 M 6 M 7 M 8 M 9 M 10 M 11 L 12 K 13 K
14 K 15 L 16 M 17 K 18 L 19 K 20 N 21 M 22 K 23 K 24 N 25 L

Kzwgjøv †evW© 2022

1 M 2 K 3 L 4 N 5 K 6 N 7 N 8 M 9 N 10 M 11 L 12 L 13 M
14 K 15 L 16 L 17 L 18 M 19 L 20 N 21 K 22 K 23 K 24 M 25 N

PÆMÖvg †evW© 2022

1 M 2 K 3 K 4 K 5 L 6 N 7 L 8 L 9 N 10 K 11 M 12 L 13 M
14 M 15 L 16 K 17 K 18 N 19 K 20 M 21 M 22 N 23 L 24 K 25 N

wm‡jU †evW© 2022

1 L 2 K 3 M 4 L 5 K 6 N 7 N 8 M 9 K 10 M 11 L 12 K 13 M
14 N 15 N 16 M 17 M 18 M 19 K 20 K 21 L 22 N 23 K 24 L 25 L

ewikvj †evW© 2022

1 K 2 N 3 M 4 L 5 M 6 L 7 K 8 N 9 K 10 M 11 L 12 M 13 K
14 L 15 N 16 M 17 M 18 N 19 K 20 M 21 M 22 K 23 L 24 M 25 N
 108

w`bvRcyi †evW© 2022

1 M 2 L 3 K 4 M 5 L 6 K 7 N 8 K 9 N 10 M 11 N 12 L 13 N
14 K 15 L 16 L 17 K 18 M 19 M 20 N 21 K 22 N 23 L 24 L 25 L

gqgbwmsn †evW© 2022

1 K 2 N 3 L 4 L 5 K 6 K 7 K 8 L 9 L 10 K 11 L 12 L 13 N
14 M 15 M 16 L 17 K 18 M 19 M 20 N 21 M 22 M 23 K 24 M 25 N

XvKv †evW© 2021

1 L 2 M 3 M 4 N 5 L 6 K 7 K 8 N 9 K 10 M 11 M 12 N 13 K
14 N 15 M 16 K 17 N 18 M 19 K 20 M 21 M 22 L 23 L 24 K 25 M

ivRkvnx †evW© 2021

1 L 2 M 3 N 4 M 5 L 6 N 7 L 8 M 9 N 10 N 11 M 12 L 13 K
14 L 15 N 16 K 17 M 18 L 19 K 20 K 21 L 22 M 23 K 24 K 25 K

h‡kvi †evW© 2021

1 M 2 L 3 M 4 N 5 L 6 K 7 M 8 N 9 K 10 M 11 N 12 K 13 N
14 L 15 N 16 K 17 K 18 N 19 M 20 L 21 L 22 L 23 K 24 N 25 M

Kzwgjøv †evW© 2021

1 K 2 M 3 L 4 M 5 L 6 L 7 N 8 N 9 M 10 L 11 K 12 N 13 M
14 N 15 M 16 K 17 N 18 K 19 K 20 K 21 N 22 N 23 M 24 L 25 M

PÆMÖvg †evW© 2021

1 K 2 M 3 L 4 K 5 M 6 M 7 K 8 N 9 K 10 L 11 M 12 K 13 M
14 K 15 K 16 M 17 K 18 M 19 L 20 L 21 M 22 K 23 L 24 K 25 N

wm‡jU †evW© 2021

1 M 2 L 3 N 4 L 5 L 6 L 7 N 8 L 9 N 10 L 11 M 12 M 13 K
14 N 15 L 16 K 17 L 18 N 19 M 20 N 21 K 22 K 23 L 24 K 25 N

ewikvj †evW© 2021

1 M 2 M 3 K 4 L 5 M 6 K 7 N 8 L 9 K 10 K 11 M 12 M 13 L
14 L 15 K 16 K 17 M 18 M 19 K 20 M 21 L 22 K 23 L 24 L 25 N

w`bvRcyi †evW© 2021

1 K 2 L 3 N 4 L 5 K 6 N 7 L 8 K 9 K 10 K 11 M 12 N 13 K
14 M 15 K 16 M 17 L 18 K 19 L 20 N 21 N 22 N 23 K 24 N 25 L

gqgbwmsn †evW© 2021

1 M 2 M 3 K 4 N 5 L 6 M 7 L 8 K 9 M 10 M 11 K 12 M 13 K
14 N 15 K 16 N 17 M 18 N 19 L 20 L 21 K 22 M 23 K 24 N 25 K
 109

kxl©¯’vbxq K‡jRmg~‡ni cÖkc

œ ‡Îi DËigvjv
kxl©¯’vbxq K‡jRmg~‡ni cÖkœc‡Îi DËigvjv  m„Rbkxj
DËim~Î : HSC m„Rbkxj RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eB‡qi ...
gqgbwmsn Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR
1 345 c„ôvi 40 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 396 c„ôvi 5 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 398 c„ôvi 75 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 535 c„ôvi 17 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 444 c„ôvi 36 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 483 c„ôvi 41 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 402 c„ôvi 83 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 578 c„ôvi 43 bs cÖkœ I DËi

cvebv K¨v‡WU K‡jR

1 578 c„ôvi 44 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 345 c„ôvi 41 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 444 c„ôvi 37 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 484 c„ôvi 42 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 396 c„ôvi 70 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 536 c„ôvi 18 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 512 c„ôvi 22 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 398 c„ôvi 76 bs cÖkœ I DËi

wSbvB`n K¨v‡WU K‡jR

1 399 c„ôvi 78 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 485 c„ôvi 44 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 402 c„ôvi 85 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 485 c„ôvi 45 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 445 c„ôvi 39 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 512 c„ôvi 23 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 445 c„ôvi 40 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 512 c„ôvi 24 bs cÖkœ I DËi

†dŠR`vinvU K¨v‡WU K‡jR, PÆMÖvg

1 346 c„ôvi 43 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 447 c„ôvi 42 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 397 c„ôvi 73 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 403 c„ôvi 87 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 400 c„ôvi 79 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 513 c„ôvi 26 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 486 c„ôvi 47 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 581 c„ôvi 48 bs cÖkœ I DËi

ewikvj K¨v‡WU K‡jR

1 346 c„ôvi 44 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 400 c„ôvi 81 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 400 c„ôvi 80 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 447 c„ôvi 43 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 487 c„ôvi 48 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 581 c„ôvi 49 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 513 c„ôvi 27 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 582 c„ôvi 50 bs cÖkœ I DËi

iscyi K¨v‡WU K‡jR

1 583 c„ôvi 51 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 448 c„ôvi 44 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 537 c„ôvi 21 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 401 c„ôvi 82 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 514 c„ôvi 28 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 397 c„ôvi 74 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 487 c„ôvi 49 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 347 c„ôvi 45 bs cÖkœ I DËi

ivRDK DËiv g‡Wj K‡jR, XvKv

1 449 c„ôvi 46 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 538 c„ôvi 22 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 410 c„ôvi 106 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 515 c„ôvi 29 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 416 c„ôvi 123 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 583 c„ôvi 52 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 488 c„ôvi 50 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 584 c„ôvi 53 bs cÖkœ I DËi
 110

AvBwWqvj ¯‹zj A¨vÛ K‡jR, gwZwSj, XvKv

1 348 c„ôvi 47 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 488 c„ôvi 51 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 404 c„ôvi 89 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 515 c„ôvi 30 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 417 c„ôvi 124 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 538 c„ôvi 23 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 449 c„ôvi 47 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 584 c„ôvi 54 bs cÖkœ I DËi

wfKviæbwbmv b~b ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, XvKv

1 349 c„ôvi 48 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 539 c„ôvi 24 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 405 c„ôvi 90 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 585 c„ôvi 55 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 417 c„ôvi 125 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 450 c„ôvi 48 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 515 c„ôvi 31 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 489 c„ôvi 52 bs cÖkœ I DËi

XvKv †iwm‡Wbwmqvj g‡Wj K‡jR

1 350 c„ôvi 51 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 418 c„ôvi 127 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 451 c„ôvi 50 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 539 c„ôvi 26 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 489 c„ôvi 53 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 586 c„ôvi 57 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 516 c„ôvi 32 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 586 c„ôvi 58 bs cÖkœ I DËi

mwdDwÏb miKvi GKv‡Wwg GÛ K‡jR, U½x, MvRxcyi

1 352 c„ôvi 55 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 541 c„ôvi 30 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 419 c„ôvi 130 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 518 c„ôvi 36 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 411 c„ôvi 108 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 490 c„ôvi 57 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 452 c„ôvi 54 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 589 c„ôvi 63 bs cÖkœ I DËi

miKvwi GWIqvW© K‡jR, cvebv

1 352 c„ôvi 57 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 453 c„ôvi 57 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 420 c„ôvi 131 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 491 c„ôvi 59 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 412 c„ôvi 110 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 541 c„ôvi 32 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 406 c„ôvi 96 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 589 c„ôvi 64 bs cÖkœ I DËi

PÆMÖvg K‡jR
1 353 c„ôvi 61 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 492 c„ôvi 62 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 413 c„ôvi 114 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 519 c„ôvi 41 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 420 c„ôvi 133 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 543 c„ôvi 36 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 455 c„ôvi 61 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 592 c„ôvi 68 bs cÖkœ I DËi

B¯úvnvwb cvewjK ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, PÆMÖvg

1 355 c„ôvi 64 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 494 c„ôvi 65 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 409 c„ôvi 101 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 520 c„ôvi 43 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 421 c„ôvi 135 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 545 c„ôvi 40 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 456 c„ôvi 64 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 594 c„ôvi 72 bs cÖkœ I DËi

Rvjvjvev` K¨v›Ub‡g›U cvewjK ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, wm‡jU

1 356 c„ôvi 66 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 521 c„ôvi 45 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 414 c„ôvi 116 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 545 c„ôvi 42 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 457 c„ôvi 66 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 595 c„ôvi 74 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 495 c„ôvi 68 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 595 c„ôvi 75 bs cÖkœ I DËi
 111
gyivwiPuv` K‡jR, wm‡jU
1 495 c„ôvi 69 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 595 c„ôvi 76 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 356 c„ôvi 67 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 596 c„ôvi 77 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 457 c„ôvi 67 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 521 c„ôvi 47 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 521 c„ôvi 46 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 546 c„ôvi 43 bs cÖkœ I DËi

K¨v›Ub‡g›U cvewjK ¯‹zj I K‡jR, iscyi

1 359 c„ôvi 71 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 497 c„ôvi 73 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 409 c„ôvi 103 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 522 c„ôvi 49 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 458 c„ôvi 70 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 547 c„ôvi 45 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 415 c„ôvi 119 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 598 c„ôvi 81 bs cÖkœ I DËi

Avb›` †gvnb K‡jR, gqgbwmsn

1 600 c„ôvi 85 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 548 c„ôvi 48 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 524 c„ôvi 52 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 498 c„ôvi 75 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 460 c„ôvi 73 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 360 c„ôvi 74 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 422 c„ôvi 138 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 416 c„ôvi 123 bs cÖkœ I DËi

kxl©¯’vbxq K‡jRmg~‡ni cÖkœc‡Îi DËigvjv  eûwbe©vPwb

gqgbwmsn Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR
1 L 2 K 3 N 4 N 5 N 6 L 7 M 8 N 9 L 10 K 11 L 12 M 13 K
14 N 15 K 16 K 17 L 18 L 19 M 20 M 21 L 22 N 23 K 24 N 25 K

cvebv K¨v‡WU K‡jR

1 N 2 L 3 M 4 M 5 N 6 K 7 M 8 K 9 K 10 N 11 L 12 M 13 M
14 L 15 L 16 L 17 N 18 N 19 K 20 K 21 K 22 M 23 L 24 K 25 M

RqcyinvU Mvj©m K¨v‡WU K‡jR

1 N 2 M 3 L 4 N 5 N 6 N 7 M 8 N 9 K 10 N 11 M 12 M 13 K
14 N 15 L 16 L 17 N 18 K 19 K 20 K 21 M 22 M 23 L 24 K 25 L

Kzwgjøv K¨v‡WU K‡jR

1 M 2 N 3 M 4 L 5 K 6 K 7 N 8 L 9 L 10 N 11 M 12 M 13 K
14 K 15 K 16 K 17 K 18 L 19 K 20 N 21 K 22 K 23 K 24 L 25 M

ivRDK DËiv g‡Wj K‡jR, XvKv

1 N 2 L 3 M 4 K 5 N 6 M 7 L 8 M 9 N 10 N 11 K 12 M 13 L
14 K 15 L 16 N 17 N 18 M 19 K 20 L 21 L 22 N 23 M 24 N 25 K

AvBwWqvj ¯‹zj A¨vÛ K‡jR, gwZwSj, XvKv

1 K 2 L 3 M 4 M 5 L 6 M 7 M 8 L 9 M 10 N 11 M 12 L 13 K
14 L 15 N 16 M 17 N 18 M 19 L 20 N 21 K 22 L 23 N 24 K 25 M

wfKviæbwbmv b~b ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, XvKv

1 M 2 L 3 N 4 L 5 N 6 L 7 M 8 N 9 K 10 K 11 M 12 L 13 M
14 M 15 N 16 M 17 K 18 K 19 K 20 K 21 M 22 L 23 N 24 K 25 N
 112
Av`gRx K¨v›Ub‡g›U K‡jR, XvKv
1 K 2 N 3 M 4 K 5 K 6 K 7 L 8 L 9 K 10 L 11 M 12 N 13 M
14 K 15 L 16 L 17 K 18 M 19 M 20 K 21 K 22 N 23 N 24 M 25 K

e¸ov K¨v›Ub‡g›U cvewjK ¯‹zj I K‡jR

1 K 2 L 3 K 4 N 5 N 6 L 7 L 8 N 9 N 10 M 11 M 12 L 13 N
14 N 15 M 16 N 17 K 18 N 19 M 20 L 21 N 22 K 23 M 24 L 25 L

K¨v›Ub‡g›U K‡jR, h‡kvi

1 M 2 N 3 M 4 M 5 K 6 M 7 L 8 L 9 N 10 L 11 L 12 K 13 M
14 L 15 M 16 L 17 L 18 K 19 K 20 M 21 N 22 N 23 M 24 M 25 K

Kzwgjøv miKvwi K‡jR

1 M 2 N 3 L 4 M 5 M 6 M 7 M 8 L 9 M 10 L 11 K 12 M 13 K
14 K 15 L 16 K 17 K 18 L 19 K 20 N 21 M 22 M 23 M 24 N 25 L

PÆMÖvg K‡jR
1 L 2 L 3 K 4 N 5 M 6 K 7 K 8 L 9 K 10 K 11 N 12 L 13 L
14 N 15 K 16 N 17 M 18 N 19 L 20 L 21 N 22 M 23 K 24 M 25 N

miKvwi nvRx gynv¤§` gnwmb K‡jR, PÆMÖvg

1 L 2 L 3 M 4 L 5 N 6 K 7 M 8 M 9 N 10 K 11 K 12 L 13 L
14 M 15 L 16 K 17 N 18 M 19 N 20 M 21 L 22 L 23 K 24 K 25 L

Rvjvjvev` K¨v›Ub‡g›U cvewjK ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, wm‡jU

1 L 2 M 3 L 4 M 5 N 6 N 7 N 8 K 9 N 10 N 11 N 12 M 13 L
14 N 15 L 16 N 17 N 18 N 19 L 20 N 21 L 22 M 23 M 24 K 25 L

cywjk jvBÝ ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, iscyi

1 N 2 M 3 L 4 L 5 K 6 L 7 L 8 M 9 L 10 N 11 K 12 L 13 M
14 L 15 K 16 N 17 M 18 N 19 L 20 N 21 M 22 N 23 M 24 K 25 L

knx` ˆmq` bRiæj Bmjvg K‡jR, gqgbwmsn

1 K 2 K 3 L 4 L 5 M 6 L 7 M 8 N 9 L 10 L 11 M 12 L 13 M
14 L 15 K 16 M 17 M 18 N 19 L 20 L 21 L 22 N 23 K 24 L 25 L

K¨v›Ub‡g›U cvewjK ¯‹zj GÛ K‡jR, †gv‡gbkvnx

1 M 2 N 3 K 4 K 5 N 6 M 7 L 8 M 9 L 10 M 11 K 12 L 13 N
14 M 15 N 16 N 17 L 18 L 19 K 20 K 21 M 22 M 23 L 24 M 25 N
 113

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U‡÷i DËigvjv

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U‡÷i DËigvjv  m„Rbkxj
DËim~Î : HSC m„Rbkxj RxeweÁvb wØZxq cÎ eB‡qi ...
G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 1
1 333 c„ôvi 19 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5  504 c„ôvi 7 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 370 c„ôvi 15 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 556 c„ôvi 9 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 426 c„ôvi 2 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7  533 c„ôvi 12 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 464 c„ôvi 2 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8  373 c„ôvi 21 bs cÖkœ I DËi
G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 2
1 349 c„ôvi 48 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 513 c„ôvi 27 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 385 c„ôvi 48 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 584 c„ôvi 54 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 455 c„ôvi 62 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 546 c„ôvi 43 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 484 c„ôvi 42 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 393 c„ôvi 61 bs cÖkœ I DËi

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 3

1 366 c„ôvi 8 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 531 c„ôvi 7 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 329 c„ôvi 12 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 575 c„ôvi 39 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 432 c„ôvi 13 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 484 c„ôvi 42 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 400 c„ôvi 81 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 505 c„ôvi 8 bs cÖkœ I DËi
G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 4
1 468 c„ôvi 9 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 439 c„ôvi 26 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 506 c„ôvi 10 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 401 c„ôvi 82 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 542 c„ôvi 33 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 345 c„ôvi 40 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 371 c„ôvi 17 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 572 c„ôvi 34 bs cÖkœ I DËi
G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 5
1 405 c„ôvi 92 bs cÖkœ I DËi 5 517 c„ôvi 35 bs cÖkœ I DËi
2 445 c„ôvi 40 bs cÖkœ I DËi 6 477 c„ôvi 28 bs cÖkœ I DËi
3 355 c„ôvi 64 bs cÖkœ I DËi 7 559 c„ôvi 13 bs cÖkœ I DËi
4 418 c„ôvi 128 bs cÖkœ I DËi 8 544 c„ôvi 39 bs cÖkœ I DËi

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U‡÷i DËigvjv  eûwbe©vPwb

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 01
1 K 2 M 3 L 4 K 5 L 6 M 7 K 8 M 9 M 10 L 11 L 12 K 13 K
14 K 15 M 16 N 17 K 18 M 19 L 20 L 21 K 22 K 23 M 24 L 25 N

G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 01

1 L 2 M 3 K 4 K 5 L 6 L 7 N 8 N 9 M 10 L 11 K 12 L 13 N
14 N 15 K 16 M 17 M 18 N 19 K 20 L 21 K 22 L 23 L 24 M 25 N
G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 3
1 N 2 N 3 M 4 K 5 K 6 L 7 L 8 N 9 M 10 L 11 M 12 N 13 N
14 L 15 L 16 K 17 L 18 K 19 L 20 K 21 K 22 N 23 M 24 M 25 L
G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 4
1 N 2 L 3 K 4 K 5 N 6 K 7 L 8 M 9 M 10 K 11 N 12 M 13 K
14 M 15 L 16 N 17 N 18 M 19 N 20 L 21 L 22 M 23 N 24 L 25 K
G·K¬zwmf g‡Wj †U÷ 5
1 N 2 K 3 K 4 M 5 M 6 K 7 N 8 K 9 M 10 M 11 M 12 K 13 L
14 M 15 K 16 N 17 M 18 K 19 K 20 N 21 L 22 N 23 M 24 N 25 L