DIGITAL DOCUMENTATION

SESSION-1- NCERT BOOK BACK -Q&A

SHORT ANSWER:

1. Write advantages of using Style over manual formatting, for designing a document

ANS: Styles helps us to apply consistent formatting to the documents

Styles make the major formatting change simple
Using Styles we can easily change the existing format.

2. What do you understand by Custom styles in Libre office?

ANS: Custom Styles means user defined styles. When existing styles specified by Writer do not
match our requirement, then user can create Custom Style. There are two ways to create custom
styles. They are
a) From Selection b) Drag & Drop

3. Give two examples, where instead of Style, using manual formatting will be beneficial

ANS: Manual formatting is also called direct formatting. It is beneficial when

a) Only a small part of document needs to be formatted.
b) We are using character styles which allow us to change the appearance of a part of a
paragraph without affecting the other part.

4. Give one situation in which you will prefer to use Fill Format for styling your document

ANS: a) Fill Format is useful when a same style is to be applied at many places scattered in the
document.
a) Fill Format can be used to style scattered –pages, frames, tables, list etc.
b) It is used to apply a style to many areas quickly without having to go back to the Styles
deck and double-click each time.

SESSION-2,3,4 NCERT BOOK BACK -Q&A

1. What is a digital image?

ANS: A picture is a digital image, which is representation of image infinite set of digital values 0
or 1.These are stored in various types of graphics files with the file extension, such as GIF JPG,
JPEG, PNG, BMP etc. Digital images can be created using a digital camera, scanner etc. For
example, you can take a photo with the digital camera, and transfer it in a computer to use an
image.
2. How is resizing of image different from cropping it?

ANS: Resizing is the process of reducing or enlarging the size of images while cropping cuts off
or remove the non-desirable part of the image.

3. What are the tools available in drawing tool bar? Describe any 5 tools.

ANS:

a) BASIC SHAPES: This tool helps us to draw the square, rectangle, triangle, etc

b) SYMBOL SHAPES: This tool helps us to draw cloud, moon of smiley face.

c) STARS & BANNERS: This tool help us to draw various types of stars, like four point star ,
five point stars etc.

4. Write the steps to change properties for drawing objects.

ANS: Properties of the objects can be modified or edited, either at the time of its creation i.e.
before you start drawing them or after its creation.

TO SET THE PROPERTIES BEFORE DRAWING THE OBJECT:

1. Select the object from the drawing toolbar.
2. Change the various properties of object from Drawing Object Properties Toolbar like fill
color, line, style etc.
3. Draw the selected object on the document.

TO SET THE PROPERTIES AFTER DRAWING THE OBJECT:

1. Select the object in the document whose properties are to be modified.
2. Change the various properties of objects like fill color, line, style etc. from the Drawing
Object properties Toolbar.

5. How is linking of an image different from embedding? Give a situation in which you would
prefer to link an image.
ANS
LINKING EMBEDDING
The image isn’t actually included in the The image becomes a part of the document
document
Changes in the original image file will also Changes in the original image file do not affect
affect the linked image in the document. the embedded image in the document.
Does not increase the size of the document Increases the size of the document
We prefer to link an image when the size of the image is too large.
6. What are the benefits and drawbacks?
ANS: BENEFITS: Grouping allows multiple shapes to be treated as a single entity and making it
easier to move, resize or apply changes simultaneously.

DRAWBACKS: Making changes to a single part of a grouped object can be time-consuming

as they may require ungrouping, modifying, and then regrouping.

7. Describe any two tools from Drawing Object Properties toolbar.

ANS: LINE COLOR: This tool allows us to select the color of the line of selected drawing
object.

LINE THICKNESS: This tool allows us to select the thickness for the line of a selected drawing
object.

8. Write the steps to insert an image in a basic drawing shape.

ANS: a) Place the cursor in the document where you want the drawing to be placed.

b) Select any basic shape from the Drawing toolbar.

c) Click and drag to create the drawing object in the document.

d) Release the mouse button to finish drawing.

9.What will happen if the ‘Protected Against Manual Changes’ option is not selected in the Type
tab of Table of Contents, Index or Bibliography dialog box?

By default, the checkbox for Protected against Manual Changes option is selected. This
protects the ToC from any accidental change. If this box is unchecked, then the contents of ToC
can be changed directly on the document page, just like any other text on the document

10. What do you mean by customization of ToC?

ANS: Once the ToC is inserted, we can customize it according to our requirements. To do so,
right click anywhere on the ToC and select Edit Index option from the popup Menu.

12. How headings and sub-headings of a document differentiated in ToC?

In the Create Index or Table of Contents List box, the Entire Document option is selected in
the For list box. So the ToC will be automatically created from the headings and sub-headings of
entire document.

13. Give any one advantage of using a template for your document.
ANS: A template can contain all the features or objects that a regular document can contain –
text, graphics, and styles and can even use any language.
In a template we can create and save defined headings, text formats, styles, page numbers,
headers and footers.

14. What is the difference between importing and exporting a template?

ANS: Once a template is downloaded and saved in any file or folder, it is possible to import it so
that it is visible in the list of templates in the Templates dialog box.
Export template feature allows to store the template file in the desired folder on your computer.
It is different from moving a template from one category folder to another. When a template is
exported, it is saved as a template file at any desired location. Exporting the template is a useful
feature for sharing the templates with multiple users.

15. Write a brief note on Track Changes Feature

 Track Changes is a powerful tool that makes the process of commenting, editing and
reviewing of a document easy between multiple users.
 A document created by one user need to be reviewed and edited by self or other users.
 If any modifications are made in the document directly, the original document might get
lost.
 The Track Changes toolbar contains various tools that help to track the changes made by
different users.
 To view the Track Changes toolbar, from main menu bar, select View > Toolbars >
Track Changes.

16. What are the various buttons present on the Track Changes toolbar?
a) View Track Changes b) Record Track Changes c) Previous Track changes/ Next Track
changes d) Accept/Accept All Track Changes e) Reject/Reject All Track Changes f) Manage
Track Changes g) Insert Comment

17. How headings and sub-headings of a document differentiated in ToC?

ANS: In Libre office, headings and sub headings in a Table of Content are differentiated based
on the hierarchy of headings applied to the documents sections.
LibreOffice Writer supports up to 10 levels of headings H1 to H10.These headings are applied to
the headings of the document.
Once the desired heading styles are applied in the document, the same hierarchy will be reflected
in the table of contents also.

18. Name any two categories of templates.

ANS: 1. Business Correspondence 2. Personal Correspondence and Documents 3.Drawings
4. Presentations

19. How do you prepare a document for Review?

ANS: We can prepare a document for reviewing by using Track changes feature. When a
document is shared with one or more users for review or editing purposes, we should make sure
that the changes made should be recorded. (For that, Select Edit>Track changes>Record
option).This will ensure that the original author of the document has the option to accept or reject
the changes made.

20. What is the need of the table of contents?

ANS: TOC provides a list of headings and subheadings along with the page numbers. These
contents are hyperlinked in the table. So by clicking on any topic in the table of contents, we can
navigate directly to the selected topic.

ELECTRONIC SPREAD SHEET

SESSION-1- NCERT BOOK BACK -Q&A

1. Define the terms

(a) Consolidate function-Consolidate function is used to combine information from multiple
sheets of the spreadsheet into one place to summarize the information.
(b) What-if analysis-What-if-analysis is a planning tool for what-if questions. In this, the output
is not shown in the same cells, whereas it uses a drop-down list to display the output depending
upon the input.
(c) Goal seek-Goal Seek in Libre office is a feature that helps to find the right input value for a
formula to achieve the desired result. In other words we can say that it helps in finding out the
input for the specific output.

2. Give one point of difference between

(a) Subtotal and What-if
(b) What-if scenario and What-if tool

SUBTOTAL-The Subtotal in Calc creates the group automatically and applies common
functions like Sum, Average on the grouped data.

WHAT-IF-ANALYSIS-This feature is used to explore and compare various outcomes based on

the changing conditions. It’s particularly useful for financial modeling and forecasting.

WHAT-IF-SCENARIO: This refers to a set of values used to explore and compare various
alternatives based on changing condition. It allows you to create different scenarios on the same
sheet, each with some different values.
WHAT-IF-TOOL: This is a planning tool for what-if questions. In this, the output is not shown
in the same cells, whereas it uses a drop-down list to display the output depending upon the
input.

3. Give any 2 advantages of data analysis tool

ANS: Data analysis is very useful in the beginning of any project to optimize the output.

Data analysis is used to predict the output while changing the inputs which reflects the output
and thus one can choose the best plan of action based on it.

4. Name any 2 tools for data analysis

ANS: Goal Seek, Scenarios

5. What are the criteria for consolidating sheets?

ANS: Data types across all the sheets to be consolidated should be the same.

Label should match from all the sheets which are used for consolidating.

Designate the first column as the primary key column on the basis of which the data is to be
consolidated.

6. Which group is used to create an outline for the selected data?

ANS: Group and outline in Calc is used to create an outline of the selected data.

SESSION-2- NCERT BOOK BACK -Q&A

1. What is a Macro? List any 2 real life situations where they can be used

ANS: A Macro is a sequence of instructions or commands that automate repetitive tasks in

software applications. In other words we can say that a Macro is a single instruction that
executes a set of instructions.

Real life situations where Macros can be used

a. Data Entry
b. Document Formatting

2. List the actions that are not recorded by a Macro

ANS:
 Opening of windows
 Actions carried out in another window than where the recording was started.
 Window switching
  Actions that are not related to the spreadsheet contents. For example, changes made in
the Options dialog, macro organizer, customizing.
 Selections are recorded only if they are done by using the keyboard (cursor traveling),
but not when the mouse is used.
 The macro recorder works only in Calc and Writer.

3. How is LibreOffice Macros Library different from my Macros?

LIBREOFFICE MACRO LIBRARY MY MACROS

This Library is inbuilt in LibreOffice This is user defined library
This Library contains inbuilt macros which This Library contains macros recorded by user
cannot be changed. which cannot changed at any time.

4. Differentiate between predefined function in Calc and Macros as a function,

PRE-DEFINED FUNCTION MACRO AS A FUNCTION

These are built in functions These are user defined functions
It does not involve any programming It involves writing code in Basic.
It cannot be customized It can be customized.

SESSION-3- NCERT BOOK BACK -Q&A

1. Define the terms a) Sharing Spreadsheet: Sharing a spreadsheet allows multiple users to open
the same file for editing at the same time.

b) Record Changes: This feature of LibreOffice Calc provides ways to record changes made by
one or other users in the spread sheet.

2. Write the commands to perform

a) Sharing spreadsheet-ANS: TOOLS>SHARE SPREAD SHEET

b) Record Changes –ANS: EDIT>TRACK CHANGES>RECORD

c) Track Changes-ANS: EDIT MENU

3. What do you understand by reviewing the changes in the spreadsheet?

Reviewing changes means to go through all the changes made by the different users to decide
which changes should accept or reject to prepare the final spreadsheet.

4. Differentiate between Merging & Comparing Document.

 MERGING DOCUM ENT COMPARING DOCUMENT
When Multiple reviewers return edited copies Sometimes reviewers may not record the
of a spreadsheet. changes they make.
In this case, it may be faster to review all of the In this case, Calc can find the changes by
changes at once, rather than one review at a Comparing documents.
time.
For this purpose, we can merge documents in
Calc.

SESSION-4- NCERT BOOK BACK -Q&A

1. Name the two ways to link the sheets in a LibreOffice Calc

The two ways to link the sheets in Libre Office Calc are

a) Creating reference to other sheets /documents by using Keyboard and Mouse.

b) By linking external data

2. State advantages of extracting data from a web page into spreadsheet.

a) ACCURACY: Extracting data directly from a webpage, ensure that the information is

Up-to-date and accurate.

b) EFFICIENCY: Extracting data automates the process if gathering data from a webpage.

c) COLLABORATION: It also facilitates organization and collaboration of data.

RDBMS
SESSION -1 - NCERT Q&A
1. Define the terms-a) Data base b) Data redundancy c) Report
ANS: a) A database is a collection of logically related data items stored in an organized manner.
b) Duplication of record is redundancy
c) A report is the formatted result of query which contains data required for decision
making and analysis.
2. Differentiate a) Data & Information b) From & Query c) Network & Hierarchal data model
ANS:
DATA INFORMATION
Raw facts and figure is called data Processed data is called information
FORM QUERY
A form is a feature of a database using which A Query is used to retrieve the desired
we can enter data in a table in an easy and user information from the database.
friendly manner.
NETWORK DATA MODEL HIERARCHIAL DATA MODEL
In the Network model, multiple records are The Relational data model is based on the
linked to same master file principle of setting relationships between two
or more tables of the same database
3. List out and explain the advantages of Database
a) ORGANISED STORAGE: The data in the database is stored in an organized manner, so that
retrieval of the required data is fast and accurate.
b) DATA ANALYSIS: A database helps in analysis of data based on certain criteria.
c) REDUCES DATA REDUDANCY: Database reduces duplication of data
d) SHARING OF DATA: In a database, the users of the database can share the data among
themselves.
e) DATA INTEGRITY: It means that the data is accurate and consistent in the database.
f) DATA SECURITY: Database provides data security as only the authorized users are allowed
to access the database and their identities are authenticated by using a user name and password.
g) PRIVACY: The privacy rule in a database states that only the authorized users can access a
database according to its privacy constraints.
h)BACK UP & RECOVERY: Database management System automatically takes care of backup
and recovery.
i) SECURITY: Unauthorised access can be controlled by assigning passwords to the users.

4.
a) Name the fields in the given table.
ANS: Book_Id, Book_name, Author Name, Price, Publisher
b) Which field should be made the primary key?
ANS: Book_Id
c) Is there any alternate key in the table?

ANS: Book Name

SESSION -2 - NCERT Q&A

1. Differentiate between:
(a) Memo and Varchar data type
MEMO VARCHAR
It is used to store long alphanumeric data. It is used to store small alphanumeric data.
For example Summary of a book, review of a For example Name, Address etc.
movie etc.
It can store text data up to 64000 characters It can store text data up to 255 characters

(b) Number and Decimal data type

 NUMBER DECIMAL
It is used to store integers of any length. It is used to store decimal values
For example 457,342 For example 23.56,458.29

(c) Design View and Datasheet view of a table

DESIGN VIEW DATA SHEET VIEW
This view is used to design the structure of the This view is used to enter the values in the
table table
In this view we can add or delete the fields In this view we can add or delete the rows

2. Name the menu items present on the Base User Interface

ANS: FILE, EDIT, VIEW, INSERT, TOOLS, WINDOW, HELP
3. Label the components – Title Bar, Database Pane, Tasks Pane, and Status Bar of the
LibreOffice Base User Interface.

4. How can we define a primary key in a table?

ANS: A primary key is a field which is unique for each and every record in a table. To make a particular
field as the primary key, place the mouse pointer before the field name, and right click. A pop up menu
appears and select the primary key option. A key icon appears before the field name indicating that it is
a primary key.

5. Write steps to sort the table in descending order of primary key.

ANS: Steps to sort the table in descending order of primary key are:
1. Open the table in datasheet view and select the primary key on which you want to sort.
2. From the tool bar click sort descending icon to sort in descending order.
3. The table will be sorted in descending order of primary key.

6. What is the use of navigation box with respect to tables in a database?

ANS: Navigation box is used to navigate (move) through various records of the table.
The various components of Navigation Box are as follows:

Record Selector Box – This is the text box where the currently active record number is
displayed. We may enter the record number that we want to see in this text box.
Navigation Buttons – These are used to scroll vertically in the table.

SESSION -3 - NCERT Q&A

Answer the following questions

1. Give any two advantages of relating a table in a database.

ANS:
1. A relationship can help prevent data redundancy.
2. Creating relationships between tables restricts the user from entering invalid data in the
referenced fields.
3. Any updation in the master table is automatically reflected in the transaction tables.

2. How is redundancy or inconsistency controlled in a database? Explain with an example.

ANS: Redundancy or inconsistency is controlled in a database by setting the relationship
between tables which help in checking that neither the records are duplicated not there is variable
data value for a particular field in two or more tables. After creating relationship between table,
then adding or updating a record in one table reflect the changes in all the related tables.

3. Define referential integrity. Who maintains referential integrity in a database?

ANS: Referential integrity refers to the relationship between tables. Referential integrity is used
to maintain accuracy and consistency of data in a relationship. Libreoffice Base will allow only
that corresponding record to be entered in the transaction table which already exists in the master
table.
DBMS maintains referential integrity in a database.

4. Differentiate between one to one relationship and one to many relationship. Give suitable
examples to explain your answer.
ANS: One- to- one relationship: In this type of relationship, one specific record of a master table
has one and only one corresponding record in the transaction table.

One-to-many relationship: In this type of relationship, one specific record of the master table has
more than one corresponding records in the related transaction table. For example
5. Explain many to many relationships with an example.
ANS: Many-to-many relationship: In this type of relationship, there will be multiple records in
the master table that correspond to multiple records in the transaction table as well.
For example, a teacher in a school may hold multiple responsibilities such as class teacher, an
activity in charge or examination in-charge. For each responsibility the teacher might be attached
with multiple students.

SESSION -4 - NCERT Q&A

Answer the following questions

1. Define a query? What is the need of creating a query in a database?

Ans :
 A Query is used to collect specific information from the pool of data. A query helps us to
join information from different tables and filter that information.
 Queries are required to retrieve the desired data easily and accurately from database.

2. Rearrange the steps given below so as to create a query using a wizard.

1. Give Alias
2. Select the fields
3. Set the criterion
4. Set the sorting order
5. Give table name
ANS :
1. Give table name
2. Select the fields
3. Set the sorting order
4. Set the criterion
5. Give Alias

3. What all information is seen in the overview (last step) of the Query wizard?
Ans: Last step of query wizard includes the following (query wizard overview)

Name of the query: By default, the name of the query is Query_Table1.

The action to be performed after the wizard finishes – By default Display Query option will
be selected. Click and select the modify query radio button if the query has to be edited in the
Design View.

Complete detail of the query – This section contains a summary about the query that has been
created.

4. What is the use of Alias row in the Design grid of the Query Design window?
Ans : Sometimes field names are not user friendly so Alias can be used to display meaningful
names of the fields in the output.

5. Name any four mathematical functions that can be applied to numerical data in a query.
ANS: Four mathematical functions that can be applied to numerical data in a query are:
1. Sum
2. Average
3. Minimum
4. Maximum

5. Name the three ways of creating a query in LibreOffice Base?

ANS: Three ways of creating a query in LibreOffice Base are:
 1. Design view
2. Use wizard
3. SQL view.

SESSION -5 - NCERT Q&A

Answer the following questions

1. Give one difference between a form and a report.

Ans:
Form Report
A Form provides an interface that allows users Reports are used to present data in a format
to enter, change and view the data in a table. that can be printed.

2. What is a field control with respect to forms?

Ans: A field control consists of a label and the field value text box. A label is a piece of text that
specifies the data that should be entered in the field value text box. A field value text box is
linked to the respective field in the table.

3. Which tool on the Forms Record toolbar is used to insert text on the form?
ANS: Text box

4. Name the two ways to create a form in LibreOffice Base.

ANS: Two ways to create a form in LibreOffice Base are :
1. Using a wizard
2. Using the design view

5. What is the difference between a static and a dynamic report?

Ans :
Dynamic Report Static report
This report changes whenever there is a change This report does not change.
in the values of table or query.
This is by default selected. This is not by default selected.

6. Write the function of Forms Controls toolbar and Records toolbar.

ANS: Form Control Toolbar: This toolbar contains various controls that can be added to the
form. For example Label, Text field, Radio button etc.

Record Toolbar: The Records toolbar contains the navigation control buttons. With the help of
these buttons we can move from one record to another record.
 WEB APPLICATIONS

1. Briefly explain the concept of health, safety and security at workplace

ANS:
HEALTH-Health of an employee is the state of the physical, mental and social
well-being. Health of an employee must be in good condition so that the employees will
not suffer from any diseases. Every organization must provide health and safety working
environment for their employees at the workplace.
SAFETY-Safety at workplace refers to the work environment which is free from hazards
and risk. A proper safety guidelines must be prepared by the company and it should be
strictly followed.
SECURITY-Security is a kind of freedom from any potential harm. Security ensures the
safety of the people working in the organization.
2. State the most important reasons for health, safety and security programs in
workplace.
ANS:
1. It clearly state that the company is not only doing the business for profits but it is
taking care if all its stake holders.
2. It shows the performance of the business and the safety performances are compatible
with each other.
3. It clearly indicates the company’s commitment for their employee’s health and safety.
4. Injuries and illness of the employees is prevented through such policy.

3. List out the various workplace safety hazards.

ANS: a) PHYSICAL HAZARDS b) ELECTRICAL HAZARDS c) FIRE HAZARDS

d) ERGONOMIC HAZARDS e) BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS

4. List out the potential sources of hazards in an organisation.

ANS: Potential sources of hazards in an organization are:

1. Hazards using computers
2. Handling office Equipment
3. Stress at Work
4. Working Environment

5. List some of the IT workplace hazards.

ANS: Some of the IT workplace hazards are:

1. Poor sitting postures or excessive duration of sitting in one position. These hazards may
result in pain and strain.
2. Making the same movement repetitively can also cause muscle fatigue.

3. Glare from the computer screen can be harmful to the eyes.

6. What are the examples of potential hazards?

ANS : Examples of potential hazards are:

1. Hazards using Computers:- Hazards while using computers include poor sitting postures
or excessive duration of sitting in one position. These hazards may result in pain and
strain.
2. Handling Office Equipment:- Improper handling of office equipment can result in
injuries. For example, sharp-edged equipment if not handled properly, can cause cuts.
3. Stress at work:- In an organizations, we may encounter various stress like long working
hours can be stressful and so can aggressive conflicts or arguments with colleague’s.
4. Working Environment:- Potential hazards may include poor ventilation, chairs and tables
of inappropriate height, hard furniture, poor lighting, staff unaware of emergency
procedures or poor housekeeping.
7. Describe information technology workplace hazards.
ANS: Some of the information technology workplace hazards are:
1. Poor sitting postures or excessive duration of sitting in one position. These hazards
may result in pain and strain.
2. Making the same movement repetitively can also cause muscle fatigue.
3. Glare from the computer screen can be harmful to the eyes.
8. What are the workplace safety rules?
ANS: Workplace safety rules are:
A) Basic Fire safety rules in an organization are:
1. Fire escape plans must be installed at proper levels
2. Conduct regular drills
3. Smoke alarms must be placed at proper intervals
4. Keep workplace a no-smoking zone
5. Maintenance of safety equipment must be taken care of regularly
B) Falls and Slips Safety rules
1. Keep the moving area clean and clutter free.
2. Workplace must be proper ventilated receive light.
3. Wear non slippery footwear.
4. Floors must be clean and dry.
5. Oil spills, dust must be immediately cleaned.
C) Electrical Safety rules
1. Electrical equipment used should be approved by a recognized organization.
2. Workers should be trained to handle the electric equipment safely.
3. Damaged and hazardous electrical should be immediately replaced.
 4. Heat emanating equipment should be kept away from the electrical equipment.
9. List out different safety guidelines?
ANS: Safety Guidelines are:
1. Store all cleaning chemicals in tightly closed containers in separate cupboards.
2. Make sure all areas have proper lighting.
3. Do not wear loose clothing or jewelry when working with machines.
4. Never distract the attention of people who are working near a fire or with some
machinery.
5. Shut down all machines before leaving for the workplace.
6. Do not play with electrical controls or switches.
10. Describe type of emergency with example.
ANS : Various types of emergencies are there and there should be an emergency
management plan to handle the situation of emergency. Some of the types of emergencies
are as follows:

1. Chemical spills 2. Extreme heat waves 3. Droughts

4.Pandemics 5. Terrorist attack 6.Fire
7.Floods 8. Thunderstorms 9. leakage of some
hazardous gas/chemical

Session -2
1. What causes the water pollution?
ANS: Main causes of water pollution are:
1. Industrial waste
2. Sewage and waste water.
3. Oil leaks and spills
4. Fertilizers from agriculture field
5. Household waste
2. What is occupational overuse syndrome?
 Occupational overuse syndrome, also known as repetition strain injury(RSI), is a
collective term for a range of conditions, characterized by discomfort or persistent
pain in muscles, tendons and other soft tissues. It is usually caused with repetitive
movement, sustained or constrained postures and/or forceful movements.
 Psycho-social factors, including stress in the working environment, may be
important in the development of occupational overuse syndrome.
3. What are musculoskeletal problems?
ANS: This problem includes different areas of our body, such as neck, back, chests,
arms shoulders and feet. It occurs because of our wrong posture, uncomfortable chair for
sitting that is not ergonomically correct while working on the computer.
4. What cautions to be taken while working on the computer?
 1. Keep your monitor at least 20 to 30 inch away from you.
2. Maximize contact of your back against the backrest of the chair.
3. Always take small breaks while working on the computer.
4. Wear anti-glare glasses to work on computer.
5. Why there is no right way to use a laptop?
ANS : There is really no right way to use a laptop because if you position the screen at
the right height for your back and neck, it will cause you to have to lift your arms and
shoulder too high to use it and vice versa.
6. What causes eye strain and how to avoid it?
ANS: Computer’s bright light, glare and flickering images can cause eye strain and visual
fatigue. It can be avoided by:
1. Adjusting the brightness of computer screen.
2. Keeping a proper vision distance from computer.
3. Blinking out eyes at regular interval.
4. Wearing anti-glare glasses while working in computer.
7. What type of display screen is suitable to work on computer?
ANS: We should use the modern LED monitors of legible size and with adequate spacing
between the characters and lines. The image on the screen should be stable, with no
flickering. The screen must be free of reflective glare.
8. What type of keyboard is suitable to work on computer?
ANS: The keyboard should tilt and separate from the screen so that we can find a
comfortable working position to avoid fatigue in the arms or hands. The keyboard should
have a matt surface to avoid reflective glare. The symbols on the keys must be adequately
contrasted.

Session – 3
1. What is a workplace emergency?
ANS: A workplace emergency refers to any unexpected situation that needs
immediate attention and action in workplace that may poses a risk to the safety and
security of employee’s.
2. How do you protect yourself, your employees, and your business?
ANS: The best way to protect yourself and your organization is to develop a well
thought-out emergency action plan to guide the employees in the event of an
emergency.
3. What is an emergency action plan?
ANS: An Emergency Action Plan (EAP) is a written document that states how to
react in different types of emergencies. Action plans of organizations should adhere
to safety standards set by the occupational safety and health administration (OSHA).
4. What should your emergency action plan include?
ANS: An Emergency action plan (EAP) should include the following:
 1. Evacuation plans: It should have at least two escape routes from every area, and a
designated meeting place for employees to gather after evacuating.
2. Accounting for employees: Take a head count after an evacuation.
3. Reporting and alerting authorities.
4. Alerting staff and visitors about emergency
5. How do you develop an evacuation policy and procedures?
ANS: Steps to develop an evacuation policy and procedures are:
1. Evaluate the emergency.
2. Identify place where people can go in an emergency.
3. Identify the best ways to get out of the building.
4. Rehearse evacuation procedures.
5. Regularly review and update the plan as needed.
6. How do you establish evacuation routes and exits?
ANS: To establish evacuation routes and exits, you should
1. Know the nearest exit from your location and the route to get there.
2. Know the assembly point.
3. Know an alternate route in case your first route is blocked.
4. Know where to find first-aid supplies and fire extinguishers.
7. What are the various types of fire extinguisher and their extinguishing material?
ANS: Various types of fire extinguishers are:
1. Water : Water Fire Extinguishers are good for tackling fires involving burning
paper, wood and soft furnishing (Class A fires), as the water soaks into the
materials and cools them.
2. Foam: Foam fire extinguishers are suitable on Class A fires and fires involving
flammable liquids (Class B).
3. Dry powder: Dry powder fire extinguishers are incredibly versatile and can be
used for almost every kind of fire. (Class A, Class B and Class C).
4. CO2: CO2 fire extinguishers (also known as carbon dioxide fire extinguishers)
are mainly used for electrical fires.
5. Wet Chemical: Wet chemical fire extinguishers (also known as Class F fire
extinguishers) are the extinguisher that can safely be used for fires involving
cooking oil.
8. What are the steps for operating a fire extinguisher in case of a fire emergency?
1. Identify the safety pin of the fire extinguisher, present in its handle.
2. Break the seal and pull the safety pin from the handle.
3. Use the fire extinguisher by squeezing the lever.
4. Sweep it from side to side.
9. Compare the different type of fire extinguisher.
ANS: Different types of fire extinguishers are:

Water Foam Dry Powder CO2 Wet chemical

 Fire class A A&B A, B & C B&C A
10. List the different class of fire.
ANS: There are several classes of fire, including
Class A: Fire that involve materials such as wood, cloth and paper.
Class B: Fire that involve flammable liquid, grease and gas materials that burn when
exposed to ignition sources.
Class C: Fire that involve electrical materials and equipment. These materials cause
fires very quickly and present a serious risk of arc flash.
Class D: Fire that involve any materials that are volatile and able to quickly ignite,
such as magnesium, potassium and sodium.
11. List out electrical rescue techniques.
ANS: Electrical rescue techniques are:
Approaching the accident
1. Never rush into an accident situation.
2. Call 108 as soon as possible.
Examining the scene
1. Visually examine victims to determine if they are in contact with energized
conductors.
2. Metal surfaces, objects near the victim itself may be energized.
3. Do not touch the victim or conductive surfaces while they are energized.
4. Switch off the electrical circuits if possible.
Hazards and solutions
1. In case you cannot switch off the power source, take extreme care.
2. Ensure that your hands and feet are dry.
3. Wear protective equipment, such as gloves and shoes. Stand on a clean dry
surface.
4. Use non-conductive material to remove a victim from the conductor.
12. What is the first aid for electrical emergencies?
ANS: If someone has been shocked by electricity, you should
1. Unplug the appliance or turn off the power. If you can’t turn off the power, use a
piece of wood, to separate the victim from the power source.
2. Do not try to move a victim touching a high voltage wire.
3. Call for emergency help.
4. If the person is not breathing and doesn’t have a pulse, begin CPR.