JELEN:

1., SIMPLE PRESENT

Allito: Alany + Allitmany + (T) + (H)

E/3 - Allitmany mindig ‘s’ - kap. S csakis allitoban van E/3!

Minden reggel kavet iszok.

I drink coffee every day.

Peter minden reggel kavet iszik.

Peter drinks coffee every morning.

Tagado: Alany + don’t / doesn’t + Allitmany + (T) + (H)

(doesn’t - e/3) Ha doesn’t van a mondatban, akkor mar nem adunk ‘s’-t az allitmanyhoz!

I don’t drink coffee every day.

Peter doesn’t drink coffee every day.D

Kerdo: (Kerdoszo) + do/does + alany + Allitmany + (T) + (H)

Does - e/3

Do you drink coffee every morning?

Yes, I do. No, I don’t.

Does Peter drink coffee every morning?

Yes, he does.
No, he doesn’t.
What does Peter drink every morning?

Hasznalata:
-Altalanos cselekvesekrol beszelek - SZOKTAM
I drink coffee with milk.
EVERY
I travel to Spain every year.

-Termeszeti jelensegek- ALLANDO

Flow ,
The river Tisza flows into the Danube.
The river Tisza doesn’t flow into the Danube.
Does the river Tisza flow into the Danube?

-Fizikai torvenyszeruseg
The water boils at hundred celsius degrees.

Gyakorisagot kif hat:

Never,
Rarely
Sometimes
Usually - általában
Often - gyakran
Always

Ezek mondaton belul mindig az alany es az allitmany koze mennek, kivetel a sometimes amely mehet
A*allitmany koze mint a tobbi, vagy a mondat legelejere, vagy a legvegere.

Sometimes i eat apples.

I sometimes eat apples.
I eat apples sometimes.

Never - mar nincs dupla tagadas!

I never drive.

My mother usually goes to the spa every Saturday.

—-------------------------------------------------------------

2., PRESENT CONTINUOUS - Folyamatos Jelen

Kepzese:
Allito: Alany + am/are/is + IgeING + T+ H
Tagado: Alany + am/are/is NOT + IgeING + T+ H
Kerdo: (kerdoszo) + am/are/is + Alany + IgeING + T+ H

-A cselekves most a beszed / iras pillanataban tortenik.

NOW / AT THE MOMENT

-A cselekves nem most tortenik, de a jelenben folyamatos

I am studying at university. (at present = jelenleg)

-A cselekves az altanostol elter. (altanos cselekves egyszeru jelen, ami elter folyamatos)
Minden reggel kavet iszok de ma teat.
I drink coffee every morning, but i am drinking tea today.

-Ha a cselekvesem a kozeljovoben megtortenik

What are you doing tonight? I am baking pancakes tonight.

-Ha always -t folyamatos jelenbe teszed, ezzel egy negativ bosszanto hatast ersz el.
Your dog is always barking!

IGEK AMELYEK NEM KAPHATNAK INGET

1., erzekelest kif igek
See, hear, smell, touch, feel* , taste
Can -nel allnak / I can see you. I can hear you. Can you hear me?
Hearing - hallas / seeing - latas

I see. - Ertem. I hear you. (figyuelek rad amit mondassz)

How are you feeling yourself today? - ha vkinek az egeszsege felol erdeklodom.

2., Erzelmet kifej

Love, like, hate
I like cars. I hate broccoli.

I love Peter.
I am loving it! -pillanatnyi erzelem, nagy dolog

3., Belso igek (minden ami fejben dol el)

Remember, believe, think* , forget, forgive, know……..
I believe in God.

I think you are kind. - gondolom

I am thinking to move to America. - fontolgatom

4., have - birtoklas

Ha birtoklast fejez ki akkor nincs ing.
I have a car. I have a child.
Ha nem birtoklast jelent akkor ingezzuk.

What are you doing now? I am having a shower. (to have a shower - zuhanyozni)
 3., PRESENT PERFECT - BEFEJEZETT JELEN

MINDIG MULTBA KELL FORDITANI!

KEPZESE:

Allito: Alany + have / has (e/3) + ige3 + T + H

Tagadó: Alany + have not/ has not + ige harmadik alakja + (T) + (H)

Kerdo: (Kerdoszo) + have/has + alany + ige3 + T + H

HASZNALATA:

A cselekves a multban megtortent ami kihatassal van a jelenre.

Eltortem a labamat, ezert most sirok.

I have broken my leg, that’s why I am crying now.

MAR - already - have/has * IGE3 koze, allito mondat

Mar voltam Amerikaban.

I have already been to America.

MEG/MAR - YET - A MONDAT legvegere megy, es mehet tagado es kerdo mondatba.

I have not been to America yet.

Have you been to America yet?

-NEVER - OLYAN CSELEKVESROL BESZELSZ AMI A MULTBAN SOHA NEM TORTENT MEG, DE MEG
MEGTORTENHET - PRESENT PERFECT
have/has * ige3 koze megy, allito mondatba

I have never seen a lion.

-ever (valaha) - kerdo mondat have/has * ige3 koze

HAve you ever been to America?

Have you ever eaten goulash?

-JUST (eppen most) - a cselekves a kozelmultban befejezodott

have/has * ige3 koze megy, allito es kerdo

I have just drunk a coffee.

TODAY - ma - olyan cselekvesekrol beszelek, ami meg megtortenhet - present perfect

I have drunk two coffees today.

TODAY - ma - olyan cselekvesrol beszelek, ami vegetert es mar nem ismetlodhet - SIMPLE PAST

I woke up at seven o’clock today.

TODAY - ma - de a mondatot jelenbe forditod - present c

I am traveling to England today.

THIS+ idohatarozo / this week, this Monday, this summer, this semester…..

Ua. mint today, ugyanugy 3 alakja van.

I have spent ten thousand forints in this year.

I bought a new car in this Saturday.
I am spending a lot of money this month.
RECENTLY / LATELY - nemreg / hatarozok - Present Perf
I have bought a new house lately.

For - idotartam elott hasznalok - 5 hete - for 5 weeks

Since - ota - since Monday - idopont

5 evet eltem Angliaban. I have lived in England for five years.

1982 ota eltem Angliaban. I have lived in England since 1982.

Have you…..?
Yes, I have. //// No, I haven’t.

4., Present Perfect Continuous

Allito: Alany + have/has + been + IgeING + T + H

Tagado: Alany + haven’t / hasn’t + been + IgeING + T + H
Kerdo: (kerdoszo) + have / has + Alany + been + IgeING + T + H

Hasznalata:
A cselekves a multban kezdodott, a jelenig tart es nagy valoszinuseggel a jovoben is fog tartani.

I have been learning English for 5 years.

I have been living in this house for 2 years.

Mindig jelenbe forditsd!

HOW LONG? - Miota?

Minden olyan mondat amire rakerdezel hogy miota es jelenbe forditod - Present Perf C

Miota futsz?
How long have you been running?

Miota ismered a felesegedet?

How long have you known your wife? (present perfect - jelenbe forditsd mert ez present perfect CONTINUOUS
lenne de a know nem ingezheto)

How long have you had your car? (Mióta van meg a kocsid?)

- Ha nyomatekositani akarom a cselekves megtorteneset

I have been cleaning the shed!

I have been living in Eger since 1985.

I have been living in this house for 3 years.
I have been learning at University for 2 and a half years.
How long have you believed in God?

—------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 MULT

1., SIMPLE PAST (egyszeru mult)

Kepzese:
Allito: Alany + ige2 + T + H
Tagado: Alany + didn’t + ige1 + T + H
Kerdo: (kerdoszo) + did + alany + Ige1 + T + H

—---------------------------------------------------

I went to the cinema yesterday.

Tegnap Mary-vel voltam.

I was with Mary yesterday.

Peter was clever.

(letige ha nincs cselekvesed)

Hasznalata:
Ha a cselekves a multban megtortent es lezarult.
Yesterday, ago, last, in 1982

-Ha a szovegkornyezetbol tisztan kiderul hogy multrol van szo, akkor SIMPLE PAST (itt nincs yesterday, ago,
last, in 1982)

Did you enjoy the spa?

I went to Spain in 1999.

- Elbeszelo mult
I woke up, I went to the bathroom, I washed my hair, and then I dressed up.

2., Past Continuous

Kepzese:

Allito:
Alany + was/were + IgeING + T + H
Tagado: Alany + wasn’t / weren’t + igeING + T + H
Kerdo: (kerdoszo) + was / were + alany + igeING + T + H

- Folyamatos cselekves a multban

I was watching Netflix all day yesterday.

-Konkret idopontom van a multban

I was cooking lunch at 2 yesterday.

-Idointervallum van a multban

1992-tol 1995ig Amerikaban eltem.

I was living in America from 1992 to 1995.
I was working from 2 to 5 yesterday.

KOTOSZAVAK:
When - amikor, mikor ( mondatot kezdhetek vele ekkor a ket tagmondat kozott van vesszo, vagy osszekothet
ket tagmondatot, ilyenkor nincs vesszo)
2 cselekves
Hosszabb - Past C
Rovidebb - Simple Past

AMikor bejottem a szobaba, te tv-t neztel.

When I came into the room, you were watching TV.

You were watching TV when I came into the room.

Ha when van akkor elofordulhat, hogy mind a ketto cselekves rovid. (simple past mindketto)

Amikor meglattam az egeret, felugrottam a szekre.

When I saw the mouse, I jumped up on the chair.

WHILE - mialatt, mikozben

U.a. mint a when (rovidebb es hosszabb ua.)

While elofordulhat hogy mind a ketto cselekves hosszu.

Mialatt te tv-t neztel, en angolt tanitottam.

While you were watching TV, I was teaching English.

—------------------------------------------
 3., PAST PERFECT

Kepzese:

Allito: Alany + had + ige3 + T + H

Tagado: Alany + hadn’t + ige3 + T + H
Kerdo: (kerdoszo) + had + alany + ige3 + T + H

2 cselekves van, az egyik hamarabb tortent mint a masik. Ami korabban a regmultban tortent (past Perfect)
ami pedig utana (simple past)
Before I called you, I had charged my phone.
After you had shared your secrets with me, I told all of them to Peter.

A Past Perfect Simple-nek is természetesen vannak jellemző időhatározói. Többségük ugyanaz lesz, mint a
Present Perfect Simple-nél, hisz a Past Perfect Simple a Present Perfect Simple múltba „csúsztatott” változata,
de van három, ami kifejezetten a Past Perfect Simple igeidőkre lesz jellemző. Nézzük meg először ezeket:

by By Friday they had already finished Péntekre már befejezték a termés

harvesting the corps. betakarítását.

by the time By the time I arrived somebody had Mire megérkeztem valaki már
stolen the TV. ellopta a TV-t.

before She had never eaten sushi before she Soha nem evett sushit azelőtt, hogy
went to Japan. Japánba utazott.

already She didn’t come with us. She had Nem jött velünk. Már látta a filmet.
already seen the film.
 yet Mike borrowed the book as he hadn’t Mike kölcsönkérte a könyvet, mivel még
read it yet. nem olvasta.

just They weren’t hungry. They had just had Nem voltak éhesek. Épp akkor
lunch. ebédeltek meg.

so far The scientists were still happy at that A tudósok akkor még örültek, mert
time because they hadn’t encountered addig nem szembesültek egy
any problems so far. problémával sem.

after The children apologized to their A gyerekek bocsánatot kértek a

parents after they had broken the szüleiktől miután eltörték a
crystal vase. It didn’t make things kristályvázát. Mindenesetre a helyezet
better anyway. ettől nem lett jobb.

never My grandma had never seen her other Nagymamám soha nem látta az unokáit
grandchildren before she went to Italy azelőtt, hogy elment Olaszországba
to visit them. meglátogatni őket.

for When our friends visited us we had Amikor a barátaink meglátogattak

been in England for three months. minket, már ,három hónapja voltunk
Angliában.

since When I met her she had been in Italy Amikor találkoztam vele, már karácsony
since Christmas. óta Olaszországban volt.
 4., Past Perfect Continuous

Képzése:

Állitó: Alany + had + been + IgeING + T + H

Tagado: Alany + hadn’t + been + IgeING + T + H

Kerdo: (Kerdoszo) + had + alany + been + IgeING + T + H

Olyan történések kifejezésére használjuk ezt az igeidőt, amikor a múltban kezdődött valami és a múltban egy
eseményig, vagy időpontig tartott. Olyan cselekveseknél, ami a régmúltban kezdődőtt, folyamatosan tartott a
közelmúltig, ahol egy rövidebb ideig tartó cselekvés ezt a folyamatosságot megállitja. Ebben az igeidőben is a
„mióta” a lényeg, csak itt nem a jelenig, hanem a múlt egy időpontjáig, vagy egy múltbéli eseményig tartott a
dolog.

● Órákig sétáltam mire végül megtaláltam a házat. – I had been walking for hours when I finally found the
house.
● Három hónapja éltünk Berlinben, amikor el kellett mennünk. – We had been living in Berlin for three
months when we had to leave.
● Egy éve dolgoztak ugyanazon a helyen, amikor találkoztak. – They had been working for the same
company for a year when they met.

JÖVŐ IDŐ

SIMPLE FUTURE

ALLITO: ALANY + WILL + IGE1+ T + H

TAGADO: ALANY + WON’T + IGE1 + T + H
KERDO: (KERDOSZO) + WILL + ALANY + IGE1 + T + H

- Hogy mit csinalok a jovoben, most dontom el

What are you doing tonight?
Hm, I am not sure…I will watch TV.

-Keves az esely hogy a cselekves megtortenik

I will win the lottery tonight!

-Ajanlat tetel: That suitcase looks so heavy! I will help you!

-Segitseg keres
Will you help me to carry my bags?

Igeretek:
I promise I will call you when I get home.

—-------------------------------------------

To be going to - a will ellentetje, (NEM IGEIDO!)

-korabban eldontott cselekves

I am going to visit my doctor tomorrow.

-nagy esely van a cselekvesre

Look at the sky! Is is so cloudy, it is going to rain!

—---------------------------------------------------------------------------

FUTURE CONTINUOUS

ALLITO: ALANY + WILL + BE + IGEING + T + H

TAGADO: ALANY + WON’T + BE + IGEING + T + H
KERDO: (KERDOSZO) + WILL + ALANY + BE + IGEING + T + H

HASZNALATA:

-FOLYAMATOS CSELEKVES A JOVOBEN

I will be working all day tomorrow.

-KONKRET IDOPONT A JOVOBEN

I will be working at 2 pm tomorrow.

-IDOINTERVALLUM A JOVOBEN
AI will be working from 2 to 5 tomorrow.

FUTURE PERFECT

FUTURE PERFECT

ALLITO: Alany + will + have + ige 3

Tagado: alany + won’t + have + ige 3
Kerdo: (kerdoszo) + will + alany + have + ige3 + T + H

Hasznalata:
A jovoben adva van egy idopont, hogy mikorra fejezodik be egy cselekves.
Ra - re / by

Holnap 3ra befejezem a munkat.

I will have finished work by 3 tomorrow.

Jovo hetfore megirom a hazimat.

I will have written my homework by next Monday.

Holnap 3-ra leszall a gepem Japanban.

My plane will have landed in Japan by 3 tomorrow.

FUTURE PERFECT CONTINUOUS

ALLITO: Alany + will + have + been + igeING + T + H

Tagado: Alany + won’t + have + been + igeING + T + H
Kerdo: (Kerdoszo) + will + alany + have + Been + igeING + ….

A jovoben adva van egy idopont, amin tul is tart a cselekves.

Holnap lesz 5 eve hogy Magyarorszagon elek.

2 idohat: amihez viszonyitok (holnap) - mondat elejere megy

-idotartam (miota tart, = 5 eve) - mondat vegere

Tomorrow, I will have been living in Hungary for 5 years.

Jovore lesz 10 eve hogy angolt tanulok.

Next year I will have been studying English for ten years.
Next year I will have been starting university for 5 years.

Tomorrow I will have known my husband for five years.

—------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
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