URBAN HOUSING

SUBMITTED BY
VIJAY R
724320251704
SEM: VIII YR : IV
BATCH :2020 -2025
1.SELECTION OF SITE FOR HOUSING
Site planning and building design should have genesis in
and should invariably revolve
around having careful site analysis in terms of ;
· Location – where the site is situated;
· Neighborhood context – the immediate surrounding of the
site including data on
zoning /buildings/ other impacts on our project.
· Zoning and size – dimensional considerations such as
boundaries, easements,
height restrictions, site area, access along with any future
plans.
· Legal information – ownership, restrictions or covenants,
future urban development
plans.
· Natural physical features – actual features of the site-
including- trees, rocks,
topography, rivers, ponds, drainage patterns.
· Manmade features – existing buildings, walls, surrounding
vernacular, setbacks,
materials, landscaping etc
· Circulation – Vehicle / pedestrian movements
in/through/around the site, timing of
these movements ; duration of peak/heavier patterns;
proposed future traffic/ road
developments
Utilities – electricity, gas, water, sewer and telephone
services situated in/ near the site, along with distances,
depths and materials. ·
Climate – Climatic information including rainfall, snowfall,
wind directions, temperatures, sun path, considered during
the year. · Sensory – visual, audible and tactile aspects of the
site, including views, noise, considered in time frames ·
Human and cultural – cultural, psychological, behavioral
and sociological aspects of the surrounding neighborhood.
In terms of activities and patterns, density, population ethnic
patterns, employment, income, values etc Site planning
needs to be based on making assessment of parking
requirement and deciding where parking is to be provided-
surface/stilts/ground- for making adequate provision of
space for parking, within and outside buildings.·
Orientation:
Understanding site orientation would essentially involve;
looking at the position of North, South, East and West with
respect to project site. South- East remains best orientation
in composite climate whereas North orientation is
considered best for sourcing glare- free and uniform natural
light, without any heat gain. North direction provides good
opportunities for having large area under glazing and
remain most suitable for industrial buildings, because sun
never rises and sets in the North. South remains hottest in
terms of highest radiation. Sun also remains at highest
altitude both in summer and winter in the Southern side.
However, elevation of sun remains much higher during the
Summer as compared to winter. in all hot climate regions
due to maximum heat and horizontal radiationWest
direction is known to be worst orientation s falling in that
direction and accordingly exposure of the buildings in this
direction needs to be minimized and avoided to the extent
possible.
Climate Climate will be one of the major determinants of the
shape, size and location of the buildings in the site. Climate
shall invariably be studied in the three distinct contexts in
terms of; Micro, Meso and Micro climates. In the Macro
context, site will be studied at the zonal level for ascertaining
precisely in which climate zone it falls. Based on climatic
considerations, India has been divided into five distinct
climate zones including; Hot and Dry; Warm and Humid;
Temperate; Composite and Cold climate Zones. Depending
upon the relevant zone, site plan will need orientation to
mitigate the adverse impact and challenges posed by the
prevailing climate of the zone. At the second level, city
climate shall be considered so that design solutions could be
made more realistic, based on general climatic conditions
prevailing at the settlement level. At the lowest level, site
climate will need detailed study and analysis ,which will be
major determinant of contours of site planning and building
design .It will include evaluating all the distinct feature
existing on the site and in its surroundings for evolving site
specific planning. Based on climatic consideration site
planning shall address all issues related to heat radiation
and humidity, based on orientation, movement of sun and
prevailing wind direction.
2.ROW HOUSES
Row housing was first built in the 16th century in Europe and
gained recognition in other countries. This was mainly due to
its compact and affordable style. Renowned architect Le
Corbusier established the first row house design in India. He
did so while fashioning a masterplan for the city of
Chandigarh between 1951 and 1956. Luxurious bungalows,
small villas, or houses were the segregated type of housing
during pre-independence British rule. Apparently, the idea of
communal living was unknown during this time. However,
with the population broadening post-independence, tall
apartments came into light to accommodate the same. Row
house design in India is highly appreciated for its
convenience and economic importance. Row houses Row
houses in India are a type of townhouse that are designed
for a single family and share a common wall with other units.
Row houses are stacked in a row, unlike townhouses, and
have a uniform architectural structure with an aesthetically
pleasing design. They are often found in places where there
is a space crunch because of their vertical design.
features of row house design:
•Common walls Row houses share one or more common
walls with neighboring units, usually constructed using brick
or concrete. These walls help to divide the row houses into
individual units. Building codes often require that common
walls have fire-resistant properties to prevent the spread of
fire from one unit to another.
 •Architectural structure Row houses have a very similar
architectural structure and an aesthetically pleasing design,
although every one of the apartments shares the same
façade.
•Open breathing areas Row homes have greater open
breathing areas than other residential types of projects,
except for villas. •Larger undivided share of land Owners of
row homes have a larger undivided share of land (UDS),
compared to that of apartment projects. Row houses can
also be of the single, double, or triple duplex type, depending
on the occupancy offered at a place.
Advantages:
•For first-time home buyers, this is a suitable affordable
option, as Row houses are often economical than single-
family housing.
•Comparing with apartments or condos, the square-foot
area is larger, without being charged more, which gives
value for the money.
•Having one’s own space in a communal living locality gives
one privacy, while still being connected.
•The same amenities which are generally available in
apartment complexes is also easily accessible in row house
designs.
•Ease of maintenance in terms of back & front yard, along
with maintenance cost being shared by the owners.
•Sustainable home as the same occupants utilizes lesser
ground, as with a single-family home. •Range of lifestyle,
with choice of selecting a luxurious row house to a simple
one. It caters to people on all walks of life, are available in
present times.