International Journal of Statistics and Applied Mathematics 2023; 8(6): 1283-1285
ISSN: 2456-1452
Maths 2023; 8(6): 1283-1285
© 2023 Stats & Maths
Economic analysis on different varieties of tuberose as
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Received: 24-09-2023
affected by different spacing on growth, yield and
Accepted: 02-11-2023 quality
Janika V Bhadaraka
Department of Floriculture and Janika V Bhadaraka, Dr. Vishal R Wankhade, Mayuri Nandania and DK
Landscape Architecture, College
of Horticulture, S. D. A. U.,
Vasoya
Jagudan, Gujarat, India
DOI: https://doi.org/10.22271/maths.2023.v8.i6Sq.1551
Dr. Vishal R Wankhade
Assistant Professor, Department Abstract
of Horticulture, C. P. College of The present investigation was carried out to ascertain performance of tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.)
Agriculture, S.D.A.U., with different spacing during March, 2021 to January, 2022 at College Farm, College of Horticulture, S.
Sardarkrushinagar, Gujarat, D. Agricultural University, Jagudan, Dist. Mehsana, Gujarat. Experiment was comprised of two factors
India viz. three spacings i.e. 30 cm x 30 cm (s1), 45 cm x 20 cm (s2) and 45 cm x 30 cm (s3) and five varieties
Arka Prajwal (v1), Phule Rajani (v2), Shringar (v3), Mexican Single (v4) and Arka Nirantara (v5). Total 15
Mayuri Nandania
treatments were evaluated in present investigation viz., T1: 30 cm x 30 cm + Arka Prajwal, T2: 30 cm x
Department of Floriculture and
30 cm + Phule Rajani, T3: 30 cm x 30 cm + Shringar, T4: 30 cm x 30 cm + Mexican Single, T5: 30 cm x
Landscape Architecture, College
of Horticulture, S. D. A. U., 30 cm + Arka Nirantara, T6: 45 cm x 20 cm + Arka Prajwal, T7: 45 cm x 20 cm + Phule Rajani, T8: 45 cm
Jagudan, Gujarat, India x 20 cm + Shringar, T9: 45 cm x 20 cm + Mexican Single, T10: 45 cm x 20 cm + Arka Nirantara, T11: 45
cm x 30 cm + Arka Prajwal, T12: 45 cm x 30 cm + Phule Rajani, T13: 45 cm x 30 cm + Shringar, T14: 45
DK Vasoya cm x 30 cm + Mexican Single and T15: 45 cm x 30 cm + Arka Nirantara. Treatments were evaluated with
Department of Floriculture and respect to growth, yield and quality parameters of tuberose. Among various treatments, the highest
Landscape Architecture, College benefit cost ration and net realization obtained with treatment T6: 45 cm x 20 cm + Arka Prajwal.
of Horticulture, S. D. A. U.,
Jagudan, Gujarat, India Keywords: Tuberose, single type, variety and spacing, economics, benefit cost ratio
Introduction
In India, tuberose (Polianthes tuberosa L.) is a popular crop for cut and loose flowers. It is an
ornamental bulbous plant belongs to family Asparagaceae and is native of Mexico (Trueblood,
1973) [3]. In South India, it is commonly planted for its fragrant white flowers, which are used
for garlands and decorations. It is also used for worshipping, offerings in religious functions
and on auspicious days (Krishnamoorthy, 2014) [1]. The flowers are used for the extraction of
valuable essential oil, which is having greater export demand (Martolia and Srivastava, 2012)
[2]
. For this crop, there are numerous local varieties and cultivars available these days. Certain
types may not perform as well in other places with different climates than they do in one.
Thus, the varietal evaluation for a certain site enables the producer to choose the variety that
will yield the most and be most fit for that specific area. Any crop's ability to be successfully
grown is determined by a number of agronomic practices, such as optimal spacing, in addition
to the high yielding variety. Thus, in order to cultivate tuberose and produce the best possible
quality and number of tuberose flowers, plant spacing is very crucial. Considering the present
situation and above facts, the present investigation was undertaken with the objective to
determine the optimum spacing for better growth, spike yield and quality of tuberose.
Materials and Methods
The current study was conducted from March 2021 to January 2022 at the College Farm,
Corresponding Author: College of Horticulture, Sardarkrushinagar Dantiwada Agricultural University, Jagudan, Dist.
Janika V Bhadaraka Mehsana, Gujarat. Split plot design was used to set up the experiment, which included fifteen
Department of Floriculture and
treatment combinations of three spacings and five varieties: 30 cm x 30 cm (s1), 45 cm x 20
Landscape Architecture, College
of Horticulture, S. D. A. U., cm (s2) and 45 cm x 30 cm (s3) and five varieties Arka Prajwal (v1), Phule Rajani (v2),
Jagudan, Gujarat, India Shringar (v3), Mexican Single (v4) and Arka Nirantara (v5). He treatments that were combined
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were as follows: T1: 30 cm x 30 cm + Arka Prajwal, T2: 30 cm x 30 cm + Mexican Single and T15: 45 cm x 30 cm + Arka
cm x 30 cm + Phule Rajani, T3: 30 cm x 30 cm + Shringar, Nirantara. In March, bulbs with a diameter of 2.5 - 3.0 cm
T4: 30 cm x 30 cm + Mexican Single, T5: 30 cm x 30 cm + were planted, and irrigation and fertilization were done in
Arka Nirantara, T6: 45 cm x 20 cm + Arka Prajwal, T7: 45 cm accordance with standard recommended package standards.
x 20 cm + Phule Rajani, T8: 45 cm x 20 cm + Shringar, T9: 45 From each treatment, five plants were chosen for observation.
cm x 20 cm + Mexican Single, T10: 45 cm x 20 cm + Arka
Nirantara, T11: 45 cm x 30 cm + Arka Prajwal, T12: 45 cm x Results and Discussion
30 cm + Phule Rajani, T13: 45 cm x 30 cm + Shringar, T14: 45
Table 1: Cost of cultivation and gross realization of tuberose
a) Details of fixed cost
Fixed Cost (3 yr)
Sr. No. Particular Labour/quantity Frequency Fixed Cost (For 1 yr)
Cost of Material Labour Cost
Pre-Planting Operation
1. Ploughing (3 hr x 600 ₹) - 2 3,600 - 1,200
[A] 2. Planking (3 hr x 600 ₹) - 1 1,800 - 600
3. FYM @ 20 t/h - 1 60000 - 20000
4. FYM application 10 1 10200 3400
Bulb
1. Transport - 1,000 - 334
[B]
2. COC treatment (5 kg) 3,500
4 1 1,360 11,273
3. GA3 treatment (20 g) 28,960
Fertilizer Cost
1. Urea (N: 200 kg/ha) 1304 kg urea - 7,735 - 2,578
[C] 2. SSP (P: 200 kg/ha) 3750kg SSP - 31,125 - 10,375
3. MOP (K: 200 kg/ha) 1034 kg MOP - 18,713 - 6,238
4. Fertilizer application 12 6 - 24,480 8,160
Planting
[D] 1. Bed preparation 10 1 - 3,400 1,134
2. Bulb Planting 15 1 - 1,700 567
Intercultural Operations
[E] 1. Weeding 6 45 - 91,800 30,600
2. Plant protection 4 15 - 22,550 7,517
[F] Irrigation - - 60,000 20,000
Total Cost (₹/ha) 2,16,433 1,55,490 1,23,976
(Note: Tuberose is generally grown for 3 years but here experiment was carried out for 1 year)
Rate of labour = 340 ₹/dayUrea = 5.93 ₹/kg
SSP= 8.3 ₹/kg MOP= 18.09 ₹/kg
Bulb = 5 ₹/bulb FYM= 1000 ₹/t
Among various treatments, the least total variable cost with (2,50,832 ₹/ha) T13 (45 cm x 30 cm + Shringar)
(1,26,857 ₹/ha) was found in T13 (45 cm x 30 cm + Shringar) treatment. While highest total cost of cultivation
while highest total variable cost (1,92,665 ₹/ha) was found in (3,16,641₹/ha) for 1 hectare was found with treatment T6 (45
treatment T6 (45 cm x 20 cm + Arka Prajwal). Total cost of cm x 20 cm + Arka Prajwal).
cultivation for tuberose crop in 1 hectare area was minimum
Table 1b: Details of variable cost
Treatment Number of plants / ha Bulb cost (₹/ha) Harvesting cost (₹/ha) Variable cost (₹/ha)
T1 1,11,111 1,85,185 5,440 1,90,625
T2 1,11,111 1,85,185 3,740 1,88,925
T3 1,11,111 1,85,185 3,400 1,88,585
T4 1,11,111 1,85,185 3,400 1,88,585
T5 1,11,111 1,85,185 3,400 1,88,585
T6 1,11,111 1,85,185 7,480 1,92,665
T7 1,11,111 1,85,185 4,080 1,89,265
T8 1,11,111 1,85,185 3,400 1,88,585
T9 1,11,111 1,85,185 3,740 1,88,925
T10 1,11,111 1,85,185 3,400 1,88,585
T11 7,40,74 1,23,457 5,100 1,28,557
T12 7,40,74 1,23,457 4,080 1,27,537
T13 7,40,74 1,23,457 3,400 1,26,857
T14 7,40,74 1,23,457 3,740 1,27,197
T15 7,40,74 1,23,457 3,400 1,26,857
Price of bulb = 5 ₹/bulb
(Note: Bulb cost is divided by 3 as experiment was carried out for 1 year)
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Table 1c: Details of total cost
Treatment Fixed cost (₹/ha) Variable cost (₹/ha) Total cost (₹/ha)
T1 1,23,976 1,90,625 3,14,601
T2 1,23,976 1,88,925 3,12,901
T3 1,23,976 1,88,585 3,12,561
T4 1,23,976 1,88,585 3,12,561
T5 1,23,976 1,88,585 3,12,561
T6 1,23,976 1,92,665 3,16,641
T7 1,23,976 1,89,265 3,13,241
T8 1,23,976 1,88,585 3,12,561
T9 1,23,976 1,88,925 3,12,901
T10 1,23,976 1,88,585 3,12,561
T11 1,23,976 1,28,557 2,52,532
T12 1,23,976 1,27,537 2,51,512
T13 1,23,976 1,26,857 2,50,832
T14 1,23,976 1,27,197 2,51,172
T15 1,23,976 1,26,857 2,50,832
Table 2: Effect of treatments on economics and benefit cost ratio (B:C ratio)
Treatment Yield (kg/ha) Gross income (₹/ha) Total cost of cultivation (₹/ha) Net income (₹/ha) B: C ratio
T1 26564.81 1062592.59 321433.30 741159.29 3.31
T2 19321.30 772851.85 319733.30 453118.55 2.42
T3 18145.14 725805.56 319393.30 406412.25 2.27
T4 17714.24 708569.44 319393.30 389176.14 2.22
T5 23565.05 942601.85 319393.30 623208.55 2.95
T6 30377.51 1215100.53 323473.30 891627.23 3.76
T7 19609.52 784380.95 320073.30 464307.65 2.45
T8 19635.45 785417.99 319393.30 466024.69 2.46
T9 21512.17 860486.77 319733.30 540753.47 2.69
T10 25265.61 1010624.34 319393.30 691231.04 3.16
T11 17325.93 693037.04 259364.91 433672.13 2.67
T12 12165.12 486604.94 258344.91 228260.03 1.88
T13 12514.81 500592.59 257664.91 242927.69 1.94
T14 11855.25 474209.88 258004.91 216204.97 1.84
T15 18721.30 748851.85 257664.91 491186.95 2.91
Data (Table 2) pertaining to the economics of treatments 3. Trueblood EWE. Tuberose cultivation. Econ Bot.
shows that maximum gross income (323473.30 ₹) was 1973;27(2):157-173.
observed with treatment T6 (45 cm x 20 cm + Arka Prajwal)
followed by T1 (30 cm x 30 cm + Arka Prajwal) and
minimum (474209.88 ₹) in the treatment T14 (45 cm x 30 cm
+ Mexican Single). Similarly, maximum net income
(891627.23 ₹) was observed with treatment T6 (45 cm x 20
cm + Arka Prajwal) followed by T1 (30 cm x 30 cm + Arka
Prajwal) and minimum (216204.97 ₹) in the treatment T14 (45
cm x 30 cm + Mexican Single). On the other hand highest
benefit cost ratio (3.76) also observed with treatment T6 (45
cm x 20 cm + Arka Prajwal) followed by T1 (30 cm x 30 cm +
Arka Prajwal) and minimum (1.84) in the treatment T14 (45
cm x 30 cm + Mexican Single).
Conclusion
From the present study, it could be concluded that planting of
variety Arka Prajwal under spacing 45 cm x 20 cm spacing
was found most beneficial in terms economics and benefit
cost ratio as compared to other varieties and spacings under
study.
References
1. Krishnamoorthy V. Assessment of tuberose (Polianthes
tuberosa) varieties for growth and yield characters. Asian
Journal of Horticulture. 2014;9(2):515-517.
2. Martolia K, Srivastava R. Varietal evaluation of tuberose
(Polianthes tuberosa L.) for flowering, concrete and
absolute content. Indian Journal of Agricultural Science.
2012;88:170-180.
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