Nepal Engineering Council Registration Examination

Model Question Set – V for Geomatics Engineering (AGeE)

By Thegisjournal.com

Section A (60*1 = 60)

1. Finding the elevations of a point with respect to a given or assumed and establish points
given elevation or at different elevations with respect to given or assumed dactum is ________
a) Surveying b) Levelling
c) Bearing d) Contouring
2. In which surveying, shape of earth is taken into consideration?
a) Plane surveying b) Geodic surveying
c) Topographic surveying d) Geological surveying
3. What are used to mark the positions of the stations or terminal points of survey line?
a) Arrows b) Pegs
c) Ranging rods d) Plumb bob
4. What is the prominent point on the chain line and can be either at the beginning of the chain
line or at the end?
a) Subsidiary station b) Surveyor station
c) Main station d) Tie stations
5. Co-ordinate length measured parallel to an assumed meridian direction may be defined as
_________
a) Latitude of a survey line b) Departure of survey line
c) Length of survey line d) Slope of survey line
6. Which of the following is not a principle source of error in levelling?
a) instrumental error b) natural error
c) personal error d) Systematic error
7. What term is used to describe the process of determining an ideal GCP's position accurately
in a geodetic coordinate system?
a) GPS triangulation b) Ground control point estimation
c) Ground truthing d) Orthorectification
8. What is the primary advantage of using photo mosaics and photo maps in aerial
photogrammetry?
a) They reduce the need for ground control points.
b) They provide a single, continuous image of a large area.
c) They simplify camera calibration.
d) They enhance color accuracy.
9. Which of the following is a common method to create stereoscopic images for viewing with
3D glasses?
a) Monocular vision b) Pseudoscopic vision
c) Anaglyph vision d) Cyclopean vision
10. Which type of remote sensing sensor captures images in the visible and near-infrared
regions of the electromagnetic spectrum?
a) Passive sensor b) Active sensor
c) Thermal sensor d) Microwave sensor
11. In remote sensing, what does the term "unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV)" commonly refer
to?
a) Manned aircraft for data collection b) Satellites orbiting Earth
c) Autonomous drones for aerial data acquisition d) Ground-based telescopes
12. Which phenomenon occurs when electromagnetic radiation is absorbed and re-emitted by
the Earth's surface?
a) Reflection b) Refraction
c) Scattering d) Emission
13. Which of the following coordinate systems is commonly used for specifying locations on the
Earth's surface?
a) Cartesian coordinates b) Polar coordinates
c) Spherical coordinates d) Matrix coordinates
14. The coordinate system commonly used for representing positions on the Earth's surface in
three dimensions is:
a) Cartesian coordinates b) Polar coordinates
c) Spherical coordinates d) Geodetic coordinates
15. The deflection of the vertical measures the deviation of the plumb line from:
a) True north b) The equator
c) The prime meridian d) The geoid
16. The "geoid height" at a specific location refers to:
a) The distance above the geoid surface b) The vertical distance above sea level
c) The latitude of that location d) The curvature of the meridian at that point
17. Which type of coordinate system is used to represent positions relative to a local reference
frame?
a) Terrestrial coordinates b) Celestial coordinates
c) Orbital coordinates d) ECEF coordinates
18. Which of the following best describes "theoretical gravity"?
a) Measured gravity at a specific location
b) Calculated gravity based on an idealized Earth model
c) Gravity anomalies
d) Undulations in the Earth's surface
19. "Geodetic deflection" refers to changes in:
a) Gravity potential b) Elevation
c) Latitude and longitude d) Atmospheric pressure
20. What is the primary purpose of cadastral mapping?
a) Tracking wildlife migration patterns
b) Identifying archaeological sites
c) Managing and recording land ownership and boundaries
d) Monitoring air quality in urban areas
21. Which international organization focuses on standardizing geospatial data and land
administration practices?
a) UNICEF
b) OPEC
c) UN-Habitat
d) UN-GGIM (United Nations Global Geospatial Information Management)
22. In a Torrens land registration system, what is a key feature?
a) Registration is compulsory and conclusive
b) Registration is voluntary and non-binding
c) Registration is only for urban land
d) Registration is limited to government-owned land
23. Which type of land registration system often relies on a centralized land registry?
a) Cadastre system b) Deeds system
c) Torrens system d) Customary system
24. What does the Land Act in many countries aim to promote?
a) Transparency in land transactions b) Efficient land management
c) Land fragmentation c) Land speculation
25. Data maintenance in a land information system primarily involves:
a) Keeping information confidential and inaccessible
b) Regularly updating and validating data to ensure accuracy and relevance
c) Storing data in physical archives only
d) Ignoring historical land records
26. What role do government agencies typically play in a land information system?
a) Maintaining land ownership records for their own benefit
b) Limiting public access to land information
c) Facilitating land market speculation
d) Managing and regulating land data for the benefit of society
27. Which receiver characteristic is critical for rapid satellite acquisition and tracking?
a) Processing power b) Antenna length
c) Operating temperature d) Battery life
28. What is the primary function of a GNSS receiver's correlator?
a) To decode satellite signals b) To estimate receiver velocity
c) To synchronize with atomic clocks d) To calculate the satellite's altitude
29. Which GNSS system is developed by the European Union?
a) GPS b) GLONASS
c) Galileo d) Beidou
30. Which mathematical method is commonly used to solve for unknowns in GNSS positioning
models?
a) Integration b) Differentiation
c) Least squares d) Root-finding
31. Which GNSS system is known for providing real-time Precise Point Positioning (PPP)
solutions?
a) GLONASS b) Galileo
c) Beidou d) GPS
32. Which mathematical concept is central to the development of GNSS error models?
a) Probability theory b) Game theory
c) Graph theory d) Chaos theory
33. What is the primary purpose of a tropospheric delay model in GNSS?
a) To predict satellite positions
b) To account for atmospheric moisture effects
c) To estimate receiver velocity
d) To adjust antenna alignment
34. The accuracy of GNSS timing solutions can be affected by which of the following factors?
a) The receiver's antenna type b) The satellite's orbital bias
c) The presence of ionospheric delay d) The receiver's clock bias
35. On a map with a scale of 1:50,000, what does one centimeter on the map represent on the
ground?
a) 1 meter b) 5 meters
c) 10 meters d) 50 meters
36. What type of map is commonly used to represent the distribution of different languages or
cultures in a specific region?
a) Linguistic map b) Political map
c) Topographic map d) Physical map
37. A "time-series map" is most useful for visualizing:
a) Changes in population over time b) Historical migration patterns
c) The distribution of wildlife habitats d) Undersea topography
38. What does "legibility" refer to in the context of typographic design on maps?
a) The use of decorative fonts b) The ability to read map labels easily
c) The choice of font colors d) The map's publication date
39. Which component of an SDBMS is responsible for storing data in a structured format?
a) Query Processor b) Data Dictionary
c) Data Manipulation Language d) Storage Manager
40. Which SQL command is used to modify existing data in a database table?
a) ALTER b) UPDATE
c) DELETE d) REPLACE
41. Which of the following is an example of a third-generation DBMS?
a) MySQL b) FileMaker
c) MS Access d) MongoDB
42. Which technology is commonly used to ensure data interoperability in SDI systems?
a) Virtual Reality (VR) b) Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
c) Blockchain d) Cloud Computing
43. What is the primary function of a "Web Feature Service (WFS)" in an SDI?
a) To serve raster data
b) To provide access to geospatial features as vectors
c) To create 3D visualizations of geographic features
d) To archive historical geospatial data
44. Which architectural model does NSDI primarily follow for its data dissemination and access
mechanisms?
a) Peer-to-Peer (P2P) architecture b) Centralized architecture
c) Client-Server architecture d) Cloud-based architecture
45. What is the primary function of GIS software?
a) To collect geographic data in the field b) To create paper maps
c) To analyze and visualize geographic data d) To design georeferencing systems
46. Which organization is responsible for developing and maintaining geospatial data standards
in many countries?
a) United Nations (UN) b) International Standards Organization (ISO)
c) Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) d) Federal Geographic Data Committee (FGDC)
47. Which spatial data model is well-suited for representing continuous data, such as
temperature or precipitation?
a) Vector data model b) Raster data model
c) Field-based model d) Object-based model
48. What is the primary purpose of "LiDAR" data in spatial applications?
a) Collecting GPS coordinates b) Capturing high-resolution aerial imagery
c) Creating digital elevation models d) Encoding data for secure transmission
49. Which Open GIS service is commonly used for sharing and accessing geospatial data related
to Earth's surface, atmosphere, and oceans in a standardized way?
a) Web Feature Service (WFS) b) Web Coverage Service (WCS)
c) Web Map Service (WMS) d) Web Processing Service (WPS)
50. What is the primary purpose of a control point in construction surveying?
a) To mark the location of construction equipment
b) To measure temperature and humidity
c) To provide a reference for accurate measurements
d) To establish property boundaries
51. In irrigation surveying, what does the term "weir" refer to?
a) A small dam used to divert water
b) A measuring instrument for soil moisture
c) A device for testing water salinity
d) A tool for measuring river velocity
52. Which technology is commonly used for real-time positioning and navigation in
hydrographic surveys?
a) Echo sounding b) Satellite-based GPS
c) Submersibles d) Underwater robots
53. Which irrigation method involves applying water directly to the root zone of individual
plants?
a) Drip irrigation b) Flood irrigation
c) Furrow irrigation d) Sprinkler irrigation
54. What is the primary purpose of a plumb bob in underground surveying?
a) To measure horizontal angles b) To assess soil stability
c) To measure vertical distances d) To record geophysical data
55. Which surveying technique is commonly used for measuring tunnel convergence?
a) Terrestrial laser scanning b) Geodetic survey
c) Photogrammetry d) Seismic survey
56. Which of the following is used to represent an object's edge that is not in the same plane as
the main drawing view?
a) Phantom line b) Centerline
c) Hidden line d) Solid line
57. In project management, what is the primary purpose of a "project management plan"?
a) To eliminate all project risks
b) To allocate project resources efficiently
c) To define project objectives and scope, and guide project execution
d) To create a detailed project schedule
58. What is the primary goal of "risk transference" as a risk response strategy in project
management?
a) To eliminate all project risks
b) To share project risks among all stakeholders
c) To transfer project risks to external parties, such as insurance providers
d) To allocate project resources efficiently
59. According to the Nepal Engineering Council (NEC) Acts and Regulations, what is the
maximum duration of the "Trainee Engineer" phase for engineering graduates?
a) 1 year b) 2 years
c) 3 years d) 4 years

60. According to the Nepal Engineering Council (NEC) Acts and Regulations, who is responsible
for conducting disciplinary actions against registered engineers in cases of misconduct?
a) Engineering Registration Committee (ERC) b) NEC Executive Committee
c) Ministry of Education, Science, and Technology d) Nepal Engineers Association (NEA)
 Section B (20*2 = 40)
61. The length measured with a tape is 100.5 meters. If the tape was found to be 0.2 meters
too long, what is the corrected length?
a) 100.3 meters b) 100.7 meters
c) 100.5 meters d) 100.2 meters
62. If the mean sea level at a location is 180 meters, and a survey instrument reads -2.0 meters
below the mean sea level, what is the elevation of the point above sea level?
a) 178.0 meters b) 182.0 meters
c) 178.2 meters d) 180.0 meters
63. In a topographical survey, the contour interval is 0.7 meters, and a point is found on the
map to be located on the 14th contour line. What is the elevation of that point?
a) 9.8 meters b) 10.1 meters
c) 9.7 meters d) 10.4 meters
64. If a geodetic survey measures the azimuth between two points as 120 degrees and the grid
convergence at the location is 5 degrees East, what is the true azimuth?
a) 125 degrees East b) 115 degrees East
c) 125 degrees West d) 115 degrees West
65. If the geoid undulation at a location is -14.2 meters, and the ellipsoidal height is 180 meters
above the reference ellipsoid, what is the orthometric height (height above the geoid) at that
location?
a) 194.2 meters b) 164.2 meters
c) 195.0 meters d) 180.0 meters
66. The geodetic latitude of a point is 50 degrees, and the radius of the Earth at that latitude is
approximately 6,377,700 meters. Calculate the distance from the Earth's center to that point.
a) 6,377,700 meters b) 6,277,700 meters
c) 6,477,700 meters d) 6,577,700 meters
67. If a GNSS receiver measures a carrier phase difference of 4.75 cycles between two satellites,
what is the corresponding geometric range difference between the satellites in meters?
a) 4.75 meters b) 9.5 meters
c) 14.25 meters d) 19 meters
68. If a GNSS receiver measures a code pseudorange of 20,000,000 meters, what is the
corresponding signal travel time in seconds (assuming the speed of light is approximately
299,792,458 m/s)?
a) 66.86 seconds b) 200 seconds
c) 0.067 seconds d) 0.2 seconds
69. If a land parcel has a shape of a regular hexagon, and each side has a length of 40 meters,
what is the perimeter of the hexagonal land parcel in meters?
a) 200 meters b) 240 meters
c) 400 meters d) 480 meters
70. If the observer's local apparent time (LAT) is 2:00 PM, and the equation of time correction is
+15 minutes, what is the corresponding local mean time (LMT)?
a) 2:15 PM b) 1:45 PM
c) 2:00 PM d) 2:30 PM
71. A rectangular land parcel measures 150 meters in length and 80 meters in width. Calculate
its total area in square meters.
a) 12,000 square meters b) 10,000 square meters
c) 11,000 square meters d) 13,000 square meters
72. In an SDI, a geospatial dataset has a spatial extent covering an area of 500 square
kilometers. If you need to convert this area to square meters, how many square meters is it?
a) 500,000 square meters b) 5,000,000 square meters
c) 50,000,000 square meters d) 500,000,000 square meters
73. In an SDI, a geospatial dataset is updated every day. How many updates will be made to the
dataset in a year?
a) 365 updates b) 366 updates
c) 360 updates d) 30 updates
74. If the geometric distortion of a remote sensing image results in a scale factor of 0.95, what
is the percentage change in size from the original?
a) 5% b) 10%
c) 15% d) 20%
75. In a relational database, if a table contains 1,000 records and you perform an SQL query
that selects 200 records, how many records will be in the query result?
a) 800 records b) 200 records
c) 1,200 records d) 1,000 records
76. If the metadata for a geospatial dataset includes a temporal extent from January 1, 2020, to
December 31, 2021, how many days does this temporal extent cover?
a) 365 days b) 730 days
c) 731 days d) 366 days
77. What is the minimum number of contour lines required to represent a terrain surface with
elevation changes of 10 meters between contours?
a) 5 contour lines b) 10 contour lines
c) 20 contour lines d) 100 contour lines
78. A project has a planned duration of 12 months and a planned cost of $100,000. At the end
of 6 months, the project is 50% complete, and $60,000 has been spent. Calculate the schedule
performance index (SPI).
a) 0.50 b) 1.00
c) 0.75 d) 0.60
79. If a scale drawing of a room represents a length of 4 meters as 8 centimeters on the
drawing, what is the scale of the drawing?
a) 1:200 b) 1:50 c) 1:25 d) 1:100
80. Calculate the expected monetary value (EMV) for a project activity with a 30% chance of
success and a potential gain of $10,000 and a 70% chance of failure with a potential loss of
$5,000.
a) $5,500 b) $7,500 c) $4,000 d) $3,000

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