Nepal Engineering Council Registration Examination

Model Question Set - 2 for Geomatics Engineering (AGeE)

By Thegisjournal.com

Section A (60*1 = 60)

1. Which of the following surveying methods is most suitable for small-scale, localized projects?
a) Geological surveying b) Land surveying
c) Plane surveying d) Geodic surveying
2. Surveying involves measurements in both linear and angular units. What is the standard unit
for measuring angles in surveying?
a) Meters b) Degrees
c) Radians d) Inches
3. Which of the following is a fundamental principle in surveying that deals with the accuracy
and reliability of measurements?
a) Randomization b) Standardization
c) Generalization d) Approximation
4. Which traditional surveying method is primarily used for measuring distances using a chain or
tape?
a) Plane Table surveying b) Compass surveying
c) Theodolite surveying d) Chain and Tape surveying
5. Theodolites are commonly used in surveying. What is their primary function?
a) Measuring horizontal angles b) Measuring distances directly
c) Mapping underground features d) Measuring vertical distances
6. Tacheometry is a surveying method that involves:
a) Measuring atmospheric pressure b) Measuring distances using a compass
c) Determining angles with a theodolite d) Estimating distances using stadia readings
7. Which principle is fundamental to photogrammetry?
a) The rule of thirds b) The principle of triangulation
c) The golden ratio d) The use of filters
8. Who is considered the "father of photogrammetry"?
a) Ansel Adams b) James Clerk Maxwell
c) Albrecht Meydenbauer d) Leonardo da Vinci
9. What term is used to describe the process of determining an ideal GCP's position accurately
in a geodetic coordinate system?
a) GPS triangulation b) Ground control point estimation
c) Ground truthing d) Orthorectification
10. What is the primary goal of remote sensing?
a) Capturing artistic photographs
b) Collecting data from distant objects without direct physical contact
c) Developing communication satellites
d) Creating 3D maps of the Earth's surface
11. What type of resolution in remote sensing refers to the ability to distinguish between two
objects or features that are close together?
a) Spatial resolution b) Spectral resolution
c) Radiometric resolution d) Temporal resolution
12. Which portion of the electromagnetic spectrum is commonly used for thermal infrared
remote sensing?
a) Ultraviolet b) Visible
c) Near-infrared d) Far-infrared
13. What is the primary reference point for determining celestial longitudes in the equatorial
coordinate system?
a) The celestial equator b) The vernal equinox
c) Polaris (the North Star) d) The ecliptic plane
14. What is the celestial coordinate system commonly used for specifying the positions of stars
and other celestial objects?
a) Galactic coordinates b) Azimuthal coordinates
c) Equatorial coordinates d) Altitude-Azimuth coordinates
15. The "independent coordinate system" in astronomy includes coordinates such as right
ascension and:
a) Altitude b) Declination
c) Azimuth d) Zenith distance
16. In spherical coordinates, which coordinate represents the radial distance from the origin?
a) θ (theta) b) φ (phi)
c) r (radius) d) λ (lambda)
17. In physical geodesy, "normal gravity" at a specific location is defined as the:
a) Gravitational acceleration measured at that location
b) Average of measured gravity over a region
c) Gravity anomaly at that location
d) Theoretical gravity at that location
18. Which term is used to describe the deviation of a plumb line from the vertical direction due
to gravitational forces?
a) Deflection of the ecliptic b) Eötvös effect
c) Astronomical refraction d) Gravitational deflection
19. What is the primary purpose of a cadastre system?
a) To collect weather data b) To manage land information
c) To monitor traffic flow d) To track wildlife migration
20. Who is often responsible for maintaining and updating cadastral records?
a) Meteorologists b) Archaeologists
c) Surveyors and land authorities d) Astronomers
21. Which historical civilization is known for implementing one of the earliest cadastral
systems?
a) Ancient Greece b) Ancient Egypt
c) Roman Empire d) Mesopotamia
22. What are the fundamental principles of cadastral systems?
a) Accuracy, confidentiality, and complexity
b) Transparency, simplicity, and efficiency
c) Confidentiality, flexibility, and adaptability
d) Accuracy, transparency, and efficiency
23. In cadastral survey methods, what is the main difference between analog and digital
approaches?
a) Analog uses physical maps, while digital uses computers and software.
b) Analog is faster, while digital is more accurate.
c) Analog is less expensive, while digital is more reliable.
d) Analog is primarily used for urban areas, while digital is used for rural areas.
24 What is the primary function of land administration?
a) Managing wildlife reserves
b) Regulating air quality in urban areas
c) Overseeing land ownership and land-related data
d) Promoting tourism
25. Which of the following is not a GNSS constellation?
a) GPS b) GLONASS
c) Galileo d) RADAR
26. Which observable provides high-precision positioning information in GNSS?
a) Carrier phase b) Code pseudorange
c) Doppler frequency d) Almanac data
27. Which of the following antenna characteristics affects the GNSS system's accuracy?
a) Color b) Gain
c) Weight d) Shape
28. Which factor can significantly affect the accuracy of point positioning in GNSS?
a) Receiver temperature b) Satellite color
c) Atmospheric conditions d) Solar panel orientation
29. Which mathematical model is commonly used to estimate the position of a GNSS receiver in
point positioning?
a) Least squares adjustment b) Kalman filter
c) Euler's method d) Newton's method
30. What is the primary purpose of a tropospheric delay model in GNSS?
a) To predict satellite positions b) To account for atmospheric moisture effects
c) To estimate receiver velocity d) To adjust antenna alignment
31. Which mathematical technique is used to estimate clock errors in GNSS receivers?
a) Linear regression b) Kalman filtering
c) Simpson's rule d) Gaussian elimination
32. Which mathematical concept is critical for understanding the geometry of satellite
constellations in GNSS?
a) Analytical geometry b) Riemannian geometry
c) Euclidean geometry d) Topology
33. Which term describes a simplified representation of the real world on a flat surface?
a) Globe b) Topography
c) Cartogram d) Map
34. Which type of map displays the elevation and relief of the Earth's surface?
a) Political map b) Topographic map
c) Climatic map d) Street map
35. A choropleth map is primarily used to represent:
a) Elevation changes b) Population distribution
c) Road networks d) Climate patterns
36. What does the term "map scale" refer to?
a) The color scheme used on a map
b) The size of a map relative to the Earth's size
c) The level of detail on a map
d) The orientation of a map
37. The function of the Data Dictionary in an SDBMS is to:
a) Store user data b) Manage database security
c) Store metadata about the database d) Execute SQL queries
38. Which SQL command is used to retrieve data from a database in an SDBMS?
a) INSERT b) DELETE
c) SELECT d) UPDATE
39. What is the primary goal of a Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI)?
a) To build complex 3D models
b) To manage geographical data and make it accessible
c) To analyze spatial data
d) To develop virtual reality applications
40. Which component of an SDI is responsible for collecting, organizing, and managing spatial
data?
a) Data analysis tool b) Data repository
c) Data visualization tool d) Data user interface
41. Which international organization has developed standards for geospatial data and services?
a) United Nations
b) International Standards Organization (ISO)
c) World Health Organization (WHO)
d) World Bank
42. What does the term "Data Accessibility" refer to in the context of SDI?
a) The ability to visualize spatial data
b) The ease of sharing data with a select group of users
c) The ability to easily locate and retrieve spatial data
d) The security measures applied to protect data
43. Which technology is commonly used to ensure data interoperability in SDI systems?
a) Virtual Reality (VR)
b) Geographic Information Systems (GIS)
c) Blockchain
d) Cloud Computing
44. What role does the "Clearinghouse" play in NSDI?
a) To store geospatial data
b) To publish geospatial data
c) To provide access to geospatial data resources and metadata
d) To develop geospatial software applications
45. Which of the following is NOT a primary component of a GIS?
a) Hardware b) Software
c) Human resources d) Climate data
46. When was the first GIS developed and used for spatial analysis?
a) 1950s b) 1960s
c) 1970s d) 1980s
47. What is the process of assigning real-world coordinates to geographic data called?
a) Cartography b) Georeferencing
c) Data visualization d) Geocoding
48. Which data format is commonly used for storing vector data in GIS?
a) JPEG b) TIFF
c) Shapefile d) GIF
49. What is the term for the accuracy and reliability of data in GIS?
a) Data validity b) Data currency
c) Data quality d) Data complexity
50. What is the primary purpose of a preliminary survey in engineering?
a) Detailed construction planning
b) Identifying feasible project sites
c) Setting up horizontal controls
d) Vertical alignment adjustments
51. What is the main scope of an engineering survey?
a) Environmental impact assessment
b) Geographic information systems (GIS)
c) Land ownership documentation
d) Collecting and analyzing spatial data
52. Which surveying technique is commonly used for monitoring structures like dams and
bridges for deformations or movements?
a) Geodetic survey b) Aerial survey
c) Deformation survey d) Cadastral survey
53. Which type of surveying is used to assess the layout and accuracy of engineered structures,
such as buildings and highways?
a) Topographic survey b) Construction survey
c) Hydrographic survey d) Aerial survey
54. What is the primary purpose of a tide gauge in hydrographic surveying?
a) Measuring wind speed b) Monitoring water salinity
c) Measuring tide height changes d) Recording underwater temperature
55. Which surveying technique is commonly used to design efficient irrigation canals?
a) Hydrographic survey b) Theodolite survey
c) Topographic survey d) LiDAR survey
56. Which of the following is NOT a fundamental of standard drawing sheets?
a) Title block b) Border lines
c) Engineering calculations d) Revision block
57. Which of the following is a common method for dimensioning cylindrical features in a
drawing?
a) Diameter dimensioning b) Radial dimensioning
c) Linear dimensioning d) Perpendicular dimensioning
58. What is the primary purpose of a tailrace in irrigation infrastructure?
a) To measure water flow rate
b) To generate electricity
c) To safely discharge water after power generation
d) To divert water to agricultural fields
59. According to the Nepal Engineering Council (NEC) Acts and Regulations, what is the
maximum duration of the "Trainee Engineer" phase for engineering graduates?
a) 1 year b) 2 years
c) 3 years d) 4 years
60. What is the primary function of the "NEC Examination Committee" under the Nepal
Engineering Council?
a) To evaluate the quality of engineering project documentation
b) To oversee the registration of engineers
c) To conduct examinations for trainee engineers
d) To promote engineering ethics among registered engineers

Section B (20*2 = 40)

61. The length measured with a tape is 100.5 meters. If the tape was found to be 0.2 meters
too long, what is the corrected length?
a) 100.3 meters b) 100.7 meters c) 100.5 meters d) 100.2 meters
62 In a theodolite, if the horizontal angle is measured as 78.5 degrees, what is the
corresponding angle in radians?
a) 1.367 radians b) 1.371 radians c) 1.386 radians d) 1.385 radians
63. If the geoid undulation at a particular location is -23.5 meters, and the ellipsoidal height is
150 meters above the reference ellipsoid, what is the orthometric height (height above the
geoid) at that location?
a) 126.5 meters b) 173.5 meters c) 176.5 meters d) 126.0 meters
64. In a geodetic calculation, the latitude of a point on the Earth's surface is 40 degrees North,
and the radius of the Earth at that latitude is approximately 6,378,100 meters. What is the
distance from the center of the Earth to that point?
a) 6,378,100 meters b) 6,478,100 meters
c) 6,278,100 meters d) 6,378,000 meters
65. Given the latitude of a point as 30 degrees North and the Earth's radius at that latitude as
approximately 6,371,000 meters, calculate the distance from the center of the Earth to that
point.
a) 6,371,000 meters b) 6,271,000 meters
c) 6,471,000 meters d) 6,571,000 meters
66. If a geodetic survey measures the azimuth between two points as 120 degrees and the grid
convergence at the location is 5 degrees East, what is the true azimuth?
a) 125 degrees East b) 115 degrees East
c) 125 degrees West d) 115 degrees West
67 A geodetic survey is conducted on an ellipsoidal surface with a semi-major axis of 6,378,137
meters and a semi-minor axis of 6,356,752 meters. If the latitude of a point is 45 degrees,
calculate the radius of curvature in the meridian direction at that point.
a) 6,377,660 meters b) 6,379,660 meters
c) 6,375,660 meters d) 6,376,660 meters
68. The geodetic latitude of a point is 35 degrees, and the radius of the Earth at that latitude is
approximately 6,378,000 meters. Calculate the distance from the Earth's center to that point.
a) 6,378,000 meters b) 6,278,000 meters
c) 6,478,000 meters d) 6,578,000 meters
69. If the geoid undulation at a location is -18.7 meters, and the ellipsoidal height is 250 meters
above the reference ellipsoid, what is the orthometric height (height above the geoid) at that
location?
a) 231.3 meters b) 268.7 meters c) 249.0 meters d) 250.0 meters
70. If the local sidereal time (LST) at a certain location is 6 hours and 15 minutes, what is the
right ascension (RA) of a star that is currently on the meridian?
a) 93.75 degrees b) 45 degrees
c) 112.5 degrees d) 67.5 degrees
71. What is the declination (Dec) of a star located at the celestial equator?
a) 0 degrees b) 23.5 degrees
c) 90 degrees d) -90 degrees
72. What is the perimeter of a triangular parcel of land with sides of lengths 100 meters, 150
meters, and 200 meters?
a) 450 meters b) 250 meters
c) 500 meters d) 300 meters
73. How many days does the temporal extent from January 1, 2020, to December 31, 2021,
cover?
a) 365 days b) 730 days c) 731 day d) 366 days
74. In a Spatial Data Management System, a database contains records of 500 geospatial
objects. If each object represents a unique location, how many unique locations are stored in
the database?
a) 100 locations b) 500 locations
c) 1000 locations d) 5000 locations
75. What is the ground distance covered by a vertical aerial photograph with a scale of 1:10,000
if the photograph's diagonal length is 250 mm?
a) 2.5 km b) 25 km
c) 250 m d) 2.5 m
76. If the data quality standard for positional accuracy is ±2 meters, and a GIS layer has a mean
positional error of ±1 meter, what percentage of features meets the standard?
a) 25% b) 50% c) 75% d) 100%
77. What is the perimeter of a rectangular land parcel with dimensions of 80 meters by 120
meters?
a) 200 meters b) 240 meters c) 320 meters d) 400 meters
78. If the true length of a line is 150 meters, and it is measured as 149.5 meters on a map, what
is the scale of the map?
a) 1:150 b) 1:149.5 c) 1:151 d) 1:148.5
79. If a scale drawing of a room represents a length of 4 meters as 8 centimeters on the
drawing, what is the scale of the drawing?
a) 1:200 b) 1:50
c) 1:25 d) 1:100
80. Calculate the earliest start time (ES) for an activity that has a latest finish time (LF) of 15
days and a duration of 8 days.
a) 7 days b) 8 days
c) 15 days d) 23 days

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