Chapter 5 MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS @ THE ROOT [In majrity dct the direct eongatin of. lead fo the frmatin of primary/secondary root 2 IMantfy the types of roots sho in Dio. A Band C. Label X ond ¥ Digad. | 3.Name the 3 rook systems. 4, Tap root system ex ()- 5, In primary roo is shor-ved adi replaced by age narber of rk tht erigjale from bose of sem called ______ roots (NEET 2091 6 Fibrous rots eriginale from a part of pln ober than radicle, T/F 1 Ex of fibrous rok () - 5, Adventikus rot definition - 4 Adverts rok ex) = NEET 208) (0. Function of roots are () IL dent the region of the rok shown in Dig 2 (2 Thinbletkesfructre covering rec pei cle 18 Function of roo cap - Uh Gls of the region of maristamai acy ae very big T/F 15 They have thn wal and dense protean /F 16. Zone responsible forthe get of the rt inengh is 11 Root ai ae Formed by epidermal cal of region LL and adverts ___--- store food Hanging structures sypperting banyan ree 20. SHit root example (2 21 Stilt root arise from low Note: Content removed from latest NCERT& unsure presenti atest syllabus ore marked with grey colour.MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS 53 @ THE STEM 26, Stem develops from of embry. 27. Region of stem where leaves are born is called - 28. Portion between the 2 nodes is called - 24. Types of buds that the stem bear are - 30. Stem conducts water, minerals and photosynthates. T/F 31 Identify the Func and D) its exarny 36. Arilary bad med 37 Thorns are w fo flattened stem ex - 34. Such structures o 40, Sub-aerial stems example - (4) WL What are ra 42 Runners « 43, What are boy, Stok 45. Whot 46, Offsets ex ( 4:1 What are such 48. Suckers ex (3) - 44 Pitcher plant, venus modified stem T/ @ THE LEAF 50. Leaf develops at a ___ and bears a in its axl 5 bud later develops info a branch, 52. Leaves are arranged in a basipetal manner. T/F C54 53, Leaves originate form shoot apical meristem, WE 5k, Mest imporfont vegetative organs fer pholesythesi is 55. Mentify the parts of a leaf shown in Digod. 5 56, Parks of la ie (3) - 51. Leaf is aHoched fo sem by a. 58. may bear two aml leak structures caled- 5. In monocol/ eth af hoe expands noo sheath coring the stem portly or uboly 60. In some ______ plants, the leaf base may become swollen, which is called - 6 ------ help hold the blade to light = 64, Petes lng, Hick ond fll 63, Lamina is also called _______ 6 The mille point vin nthe aii cle - @ 65. Veins provide Fluidity to the leaf blade. T/F @ 6, venation seen erect oanan ncn tenn de “Se 61. ety the fypes of compound eves shun in Dig 6 Label X a 68, The lamina is incised but doesnt touch the midrib. The leaf is simple/compound. 64, How fo dfferenfatebehween simple laf and compound leaflet? 10. Weide the types of compound leaf (2 wth ne ex ofeach Tn pinnately compound leaf, the leaflets ore present on a common axis called - Td In palately compourd lef, the leaflets are attached af - WB Henbify the dierent types of phylfary (AB nd ) ard ther examples 0 ¥ and 2) shaun in Dig. 1 Th, Types of phylotory - (3) B.No of leaves oing from each rede in allerate pylon ond sex - (3) : T6.No. of leaves arising from each noe inept phylefory ard if ex - (0 TINo. Cc Digod 6 x of leaves arising from each rode in wherled phylefory ord its ex - (2 f fends ex + ( DigaQ. 7 ~§& ee (2 ae ! Aad B-y N— ee aw 8 MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS 55 @ THE INFLORESCENE 85 Identify the types of inflerescence shown in Diga. 9 56 meristem change to floral marstem to make @ flower. (NEET 2023) 81 While moking a fewer internodes don't elongate and oxi condenses. T/E (NEET 2023) 88 When a shoot tip transforms info 0 fewer, its always solitary. T/F 84 The arrangement of flower on lrol ons is termed ae ——————— 90. In racemose, flowers are arranged basipetally. T/F @ THE FLOWER 41 Reproductive unit of angiosperms is - 42. Suellen end of pedicel is called - 43. Accessory where are ~ (2) 4. In ____. the calyx and corclla are not distinct hence called ____ 45, When both andraecium and gynoecium is present in a fewer, it is called bisexual/unisexval 46, Actinemerphic means —_____ symmetry 41. Bilateral symmetry means - 48. Actinomerphic ex~ (3) (NEET 2024) 44, Zygomorphie ex (4) - (NET 2022) (00. Asymmetric x -() (OL What are bracts? (02. Plants without bracts is called abractate. T/F 103. Ovaries are clasifed as hypo, epi and perigynous ovaries. /F (0b. Flowers are classified a8 hypo. epi. perigyrous on which basis? 105. Hypegyrous flowers have inferar evary T/F 106. Hypogynous flower ex (3) - 101 Perigynous ex (3) -(N 108 Epigynous ex (3) ~ (NET 20, 24) 020)56 BlOH:. 109. Identify the types of flowers shown in Diga 10 A B,C and D.( (NEET Cas + PARTS OF A FLOWER 10 ent the parks ofa lower shun in Dig. ip Ill Outermost whorl of flower is ~ I Fn of sepals 18. Types of eal - I. Gamseplou means fated aly TF 15. Petls are brighlyclred fo afrack nec. TF 16, Corel shapes ( - IT Ldenify the types of seston in cra shown in Dig I 18 Name the &lpes of cesta 11 Vakate ex ()~ (20. Imbricate ex (2) - (0, Tuite ex (3) - (NET 2004) (22 Vexilary ex (2) - 103. Margin overlap ech fer bul rc in ony pariular direction C IC Ne C (0b, Tel how many types of petals ae present in vetlary flower ard thie names 125, Total mer of petal in veilryaestuabon (26, Define valatesestvaton _ is ako called paionacems A B C y 108. Anther are ueuly biebed/telobed (24 Sterile stomen is caled - 180, When shomens are atfached fo petal, they ore ced 13] Stamens aHache fo perinth called 182. When each sfomen remains free itis aed poadefhow. T/F INET 2016) (83, Monadelphous meaning ond ex) -(NEET 2005) (3b, Diadelphous ex ) - (NEET 200), 22,24) (85. Polyadelphous ex ()- (NEET 2004) (36. Variation in ength of foment sen in (2) -(NEET 206) = isthe receptive surface for plen gain [88 Ones are attached fo a cushin-lke- (84. Apocarpous mearing and ex (0 - 140. Syncarpous meaning and ex (2) ~ INET 206) Dia I ~ 2MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS 57 Ib After fert ovules develop into ______ and ovary into _______. 142. What is placentation? 143 Identify the types of placentatin shown in Diga 3. Iu Nome all the types of placertation (5) ~ B® i 145, Morginal ex - (NEET 2024) 146, Aue ex (3) ~ (NET 2023) 14. Parietal ex (2) - (LS. Free central ex (2) ~ (NEE 144. Basal ex (2) - 150. In marginal pl of the ovary /E 151 The ovules are born on tis ridge Forming one/tvo rows 2016) fa Forms a ridge along the dorsal suture 152. In... placentation, the ovules de the inner wall of the ovary or on peripheral part (NE (53 False septum is formed in I54. When placenta is axial and the evules are attached to it in a multilecular ovary. the placentation is - 155. When ovules are borne on central axis and septa are absent the placentatin i - — placentaton 156, Placenta develop at _____ of ovary in su 151, Usually more than ene ovule is attached to the ovary in basal placentation T/F © THE FRUIT 158. Frit formation uithout fertlzation called - 154 Identify the parts of a fruit shown in Diga®. I 160. Fruit have 3 layers ~ pericarp. mesccorp & endecorp. 1/F I6l Fruit consists of (2) SOM» 162. When pericorp is dry it differentiates info endecarp, mesccarp and epicarp. T/F 163, Pericarp differentiates when if is and ___. 7 16, Drupe ex (2) - (NET 2017, 24) 165. Drupe fruit develops from manecarpellary/pelyarpelary ard superier/inferer ovaries and has one/many seeds 166. Epicorp/Mesocarp/Endocarp is fibrous in coconut 161 Mango hos edible carp and stony corp © THE SEED 168. Parts of embryo are - (3) 169. Identify the parts of a dicotyledonous seed shown in Digal. IS. _—-58 BIOHAG, ITO. Identify the parks of 4 monoelyedenos seed shoun in Dg 16 DigaQ. 15 IT Outermost covering of seed is called - A (72. No.of layers in seed coat - 113. Outer layer is ____ inner layer is _____ 1h, Developing seed i aHached tothe fruit Hough _____ which sa scar on 15. Below him is small pore cafedmicropyle. TF 116. At the 2 end ofthe embryonal axis present ____ and ____ IT. Endospermous seed ex (2) - x ITB. Nonendespermic seed ex (2) - 174. In seeds of cereals such as ______, seed coat is fused with the fruit wall, 180. Seed coat is membranous in - (I) (81 Endosperm and embryo are separated by (82 Aleurone layer is made of profn/ fal 183. The cotyledon of monccot is called ______. Its shape is like o - (NEET 2016) 184. Plumule is enclosed in 185 Paoumatophares are a ty ig. 6 186, Region of elongation i cal ind fe ve of meristematic achvy 187. According to NCERT, runner is a sub-oreal/ 188 Stems can have bude at their internodes T/F 184 In cymose, flowers are arrongedbasipealy 1/F (90, Limited growth is in which type of inflerescence - (4 Main axis ferminatesin ower in (M2. Trimerous, telromerous and penfamerovs meaig 113. Mongo has thin/thickepicarp 1M. Colyledons are fleshy ord ful of food reseve T/F IMS, Periconp consists of - (3) es forms the base of clssifstion and idenffeaton offering pln Bio Multi Revision (BMR) No. of revision Revision time {in minutes)MORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS + ANSWERS + THE ROOT | Radlcle, Primary 2 Diga®. I-A ~ Top. 8 ~ Fbrous.C ~ Adventitins X= Main rook ¥ - Laterals 3. Tap, fibrous, adventitious 4 Mustard 5, Monocols, fbrous 6F 1 Wheat 8 Arise from part of plant other than radile 4 Banyan tree, Grass and Menshera (BGM) 10. 0 Absorption of water and minerals (i) Providing a proper anchorage (ad Storing reserve food material (uv) Synthesis of PGR Il Diga. 2 - A= region of maturation, B ~ region of elongation C ~ region of meristematic actly D = root cop, E ~ root hair 12. Root cap 1B Protect tender oper of reot Ih, F, small 6T 16, Zone of elongation 11. Zone of maturation 18. Carrot turnip, weet potato 11 Prop root 20, Maize, sugarcane at 22. Rhizophora 23, onygen 24, swampy, vertically 25, Digald 3 - A ~ roofs medfied for storage in Asparagus, B ~ Preumafophore in Rhizophora Se ez eeeeaeeegegegeeeeEeeee 59 + THE STEM 26, Plamule 21. node 28 inkernode 24. terminel od axilary bud 30.7 31 Dig - A ~ storage, W ~ Zominkand. B support X ~ Asllary bud modified nko frdrl in gourds and gravesnes C ~ protection Y ~ Stem modfed info spine in Bougairuila: D ~ spread Z = Roots arising from nedes in Osa 32 potat, ginger, farmer zamirkand, Colocasia 33.7 34 ailary 35. Gourds (cucumber. pumpkins, watermelon) ond grapevines 36, Citrus, Bougainilea 31T 38. Opuntia, Euphertia 34 Phylloclade 4.0. Offeets, sucker, nner, stolons UA Prostrate branched with lng ifernodes, spread fo new riches when oer parks de 42 Strawberry ond grass 43, Slender lateral branch arises from the base of the main axe and after growing osraly for sometime arch downwards to touch the ground ls. Min and Jasmine 45. A lateral branch with short internodes and each node bearing a roseHe of leaves and a tuft of roots 46. Pistia, Eichhornia 41 lateral branches originate from the basal and i underground portion of stom, grow hor~ 60 BIOHAG,, beneath the sl then come out obliquely upward gjing rise to lafy shocks 48. Pineaple, Chrysanthemum, Banana {PCB} ULF, they are example of modtie leaf + THE LEAF 50. Node, bud 51 Aallory 52.F, scropelal manner 53.7 5b, Leaves 55, Digadl 5 -A ~ Lamina B ~ Stl ~ Pet D = Leaf base, E ~ Aly bud 56, Leaf bose, pei ard lina 51 leaf base 58, Leaf bose, Stpues 54. monocots 60, Legumincus, Palins 6 Pete 63 Leaf blade 6h, Mid 65 Frigidty 66. parallel and reticulate 61 Dig. 6 - A ~ pnnately compound laf B ~ pabately compound lef X= Racks 68. Sinple 64. Bud is presen in the lof a bul rot ole 10. Pirate - Neem, Palate - Sik cotfen TW Rechis 10 Tp of petole 3 Digoll 7- A~ Aerrate B ~ Opposite C= Whorled X ~ China rove ¥~ Guo Z- Alstonia 14. [lfernate, Opposite, Wherled 1. Mastard Sunflower, Chia rose (Mnanenic- MSC) 6.2 lam, Clerops Ths L Aleta Nera 8. Peas sweet peas Th Coch 80. Ono, gare 81, Austral aca 82 pede phys 85 Plekr plant vera tap 84 Die 8-A~ support fendrB ~ protection spines C~ storage’ fleshy eaves: X = Pea ¥~Cachs 2 ~ Onin + THE INFLORESCENCE 85 Doll 4- A ~ Cynose inflorescence, B ~ Racemose ifloresconce 86 Shook apical meristem aT wT 84 Iflorescece 40. in aropell order + THE FLOWER 4 Fler 4D Thalanus& reepace B Calyx and cordlla 4 Lily Paint 45, bsenal 46 Ral 11 Lagomorphic 48. Mustard debra, chil 4 Pex guncur, bean, cassia (Trick ~ BC PG 100 Cone 10 Rediced af found af the base of the pedicelMORPHOLOGY OF FLOWERING PLANTS 61 102. F. ebractate 108. F, Mowers are classified nol ovaries 10%. positon of calye carala and androecium in respect of the ovary 108. F, superior 106. mustard, china rose and brinol 101. pln rose, peach (08 Flowers of guava and cucumber, ray Frets of sunflower 104. Dige@. 10 - A ~ Hypogynous, B ~ Perigynous C = Perigynous, D ~ Epigyrous + PARTS OF A FLOWER 10, Dige@ IIA Androecium, B = Ganoecium, C~ Corolla, D~ Calys E ~ Pedicel I. Sepole U2, Protect the Fhwer in bud stage 118 Gomosepalous ard polysepalous iu. T WT 16, wheel funnel, bel tubular (Mnemonic ~ Wo fal behar thee! I DigaQ.I2 - A Vahate. B ~ Twisted C= Imbricate, D ~ Vesilary 18. Valate, twisted imbricate, vxilary 19. Colobreps 120. Cassa, ulmohur (Mnemonic - Cai) (21 China rose, lady finger, coHton (Mnemonic ~ CLC, CulCuTaa - all copia! leHers denote ex and T denote twisted) 122. Pea and bean flowers 123, Imbricate, twisted have direction of overlapping 12h. 3, standard - wings - keel 125.5 (26, When sepols er petals in a whorl just fouch one another af the margin, without overlapping 121 Verilary (28. Bilobed 124 Stominede (80. Eppetalous, brijal (31 Epiphylus ly 182 F, pelyandrous 183 Stamens in one bundle, china rose Bb, Pea 135. Citrus 136, Solia and mustard 181 Stigma 188 Placenta 184 Carpels ore free ex - lotus and rose (40. Carpels are fused ex - Mustard ord tomato Ul seed fruit 1k2. the orrangement of ovules within the ovary 143. Diga®. [3 - A — Marginal B ~ Ale C= Parietal D ~ Free central, E ~ Basal Ib, Marginal anil, parietal free central, basal WS, Pea 146. China rose tomate, lemon (TC) 141 Mustard and Argerone 148. Dianthus and Primrose 149 Sunflewer and marigeld 150.F. along ventral suture (51 two (52. porietol (53 Parietol (54. Asie (55. Free central (56. Base62 I51.F, only one single ove in attacked + THE FRUIT 158. Parthnocorpy 154 Diga. Ih -X ~ Mango: A ~Epicarp B ~ Mesocarp. C~ Seed, D~ Endcarp ¥ ~ Coconut A= Mesocarp B~ Seed, C= Endscorp 160. F,epcar, mesocor.endocarp 161 Pericorp and seed (62.F 163, Fleshy and fick 16h, Mange, eaconut 165, Monacarplary, super, one 166, Mesccarp 161 meso endo + THE SEED 168. rodile, embryonal axis colyledos 164 Digod. 5 A= Seed cot B- Him C~ Merople (70, Dige. 6 A= Endorperm B = Scuteum C~ Goleophe D = Plumule E~ Radice F = Coleerhia H = Seed coat & fruf-wal G ~ Aleurene layer X~ Colyledon Y = Plumule Z - Radicle |= Embryo Il, Seed coat m2 IRB Testa, fegmen (Tl, Hila, seed coot 115. F, above hilum BIOHAy 116 rade & plumule (T] Monoco, castor (dct) (TE Die, orchid (monocot) (4 Moe (80. Maize (BL Aewene layer 182, Protein 183 Soufl, shied [Bh Clot, Colorica 185.Tep (86, Both above and proximal (81 Undergrond BEF aT 190. Cynose (A, Cymse inflorescence HL When floral appendages are multiple of 3, + ara 5 reseciely (98 Thin MT (95 Epicor, messcarp and endocarp 196, lor characters MaMa nL oe 7 Serene Bisa INFLORECENCE HAI MAI id 1DESCRIPTION OF 6 IMPORTANT FAMILIES @ FABACEAE + Earlier called Poplonsideae, a subfomiy of fomly Leguminosae * Distributed oll ver the werd VEGETATIVE CHARACTERS * Trees, shrubs, herbs: root with root nodules * Stem - erect or climber * Leaves - alternate, pinnotely compound or simple leaf base, pulvinate: stipulate: venation reticulate. FLORAL CHARACTERS * Inflorescence - racemose 19 Key Ca.zsty At Sa * Flower bisexual, zygemorphi «Gal spl fie gars osohin * Corll ~ petal fv, poypetaous,paplona consisting of a posterior standard, twa lateral wings, two anterior ones forming a keel ( ing stamens ard pistil), verilary aestivation * Androecium - fen, dadelphaus anther dit * Gynoecium - ovary superiar, mara carpellary urlocular with many ovale, style single P * Fruit - legume: seed one to wary norendospermic ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE * Pulses ~ gram, arhar, sem * Fodder - Sesbaria, Trifclum smoong, soyabean + Fras curhemp * Edible il - soyatean, groundrut Etat + Medic * Dye - Indigofera Medsine ~ malath MALVACEAE * Habit and Habitat - An ornamental shrub, cultivated in trepies: perennial. VEGETATIVE CHARACTERS * Root —Tap, branched end deep * Stem ~ Erect branched cylrde * Leaf - Alternate, simple, petiolate, stipulate, serrate margin, acute apex, glabrous, uricostate reticulate venation FLORAL CHARACTERS + Inflorescence - Soltary axillary * Flower = Ebracteot,pedcelate complet, act colour.64 BIOHAC * Epicoly - Fine fo seven, gren linear * Calye = 5, gamosepalous, ovate, valle eeshuaton * Carolla - 5, pelypetlus, Husted aestvation red unted af the bse and adate fo the staminal tube * Androecum ~ Stamens numerous, forming a tube, monadepheus eppelolous anthers monothecous, yellow, reniform, transversely attached fo the flomentpolen grains mlperate * Gyroecium - Pertacarplary syrcarpus super, pertaeulr, axle placertotion many ovules in each Ieclus: syle passing through the stonina abe: sigma S capitate, covered with vlely growth, + Fruit - Capsule ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE * Fabric ~ Cotton, jute + Vegetable ols - coHonsed ol kenaf oil * Feed Plants - Okra (Lady finger er Bird) * Ornarentl Plants - Hibiscus (China rose), Althaea © COMPOSITAE/ASTERACEAE * Also known as sunflower fail * They are usually herbaceous nnuals or shrubs Outer surface of plonts i covered with hairs VEGETATIVE CHARACTERS * Root ~ constitute a branched, fop-roat system Rey fred * Stem - Herbaceous or woedy ard erect * Leaves - Usually alternate single pelate ard echt FLORAL CHARACTERS * Inflorescence -Typicaly 9 cemposte ower heod lap) composed of mumerous sal fers arranged in dc Pres (central and ray frets (outer * Flower - Smal usualy radaly syrmetrca * Calyx - Absent or re fo 0 parpusof brates er sales * Corals ~ Tubular in de Harel, gle (ctrop-shape) in ay Reels « Androecium - Stamens fused into a tube surrounding the style. anthers + Gyrecim - Beare yn on cary fei * Fruit - Rchenes (single-seeded dry frit) fer with a pores (need el fr wird Seger economic IMPORTANCE “6 * Medicinal - Artemisia (antihelmintic), A Br © € Kipappusy Coan As i inte (u Felortrus tabercsus ard Lactuca sativa * Ornamentals - Helanthss annus Sunflower, safflowerIMPORTANT FAMILIES 65 € SOLANACEAE + If isa large family commonly called as the otato Fomiy’ * If is widely dtributed in ropes, eublropcs and even Femperate zones VEGETATIVE CHARACTERS * Plants mostly herbs, hrubs ond rarely small frees + Stem ~ herbaceous rarely woody, oeral eect, eyindrical branched, sold a hall, hairy or glabrous, underground stem in potato (Sclanum tuberosum) * Leaves - alternate, simple, rorely pinrately compound, excipulate: venation reticulate FLORAL CHARACTERS * Inflorescence ~ Soldary arilry or cymoze asin Sclanum * Flower - bisenval, achinomorghie * Cale ~ sepals Five, write persistent, alate aestvabion * Corala- petals five, united volate aestivaion * Androecium ~ stomrens five, eppetoevs * Giynoecim -bicarpellary oblgately placed eyrcarpous: ovary superior, biloculor, placenta swollen with many ove, aie 8 6 he Gants Gin * Fruits ~ berry or capsule * Seeds - many, endospermous ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE * Medicine - belodarna, achuagardha * Food - tomate, brnjal potato * Furigatory - tobacea * Spice - chil * Ornamentals - peburia @ BRASSICACEAE/CRUCIFERAE * Also hrown os mustard family or erucifer forly VEGETATIVE CHARACTERS * These are herbaceous plants * Leaves offen forming a basal rosette, simple, alferrate ord pinnately compound FLORAL CHARACTERS * Inflorescence - Racemes or corymbs, offen with tive terminal flowers shaped arrangement + Flower ~ Siva, typically with four petals in : Calyx ~ Sepals usually four, free or fused at the base * Corolla - Petols usualy four, farming a c ao ; eee 2 Ebr & Kor Ca hare fray * Androecium - Usually six stomens (Four lorg and tw short) * Gynoecium 1 ovary typically ith tuo carp + Fruit - Siliques (long, slender fruits) or silcles (shorter, wider fruits)66 BIOHAc, * Seed - Numerous, smell seds arranged ina single row within the fru, eflen with a dstinclive mucilaginous seed coal ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE * Crops ~ Coulffewer Cabbage. Brassica ropa (Turnip Rophonus softs Radish) + Oil Production ~ B. campestris seeds yld muslord ol * Others ~ Garden cress treats Wer issues Condybuft @ GRAMINEAE/POACEAE * Commonly called cereoV gross famnly * Most evched family dve to reduction and medticatin in flora pats. VEGETATIVE CHARACTERS * Thay are onrual to woody perennial herbs * Ses’ Generally rourd halow: nodes suolen, sold * Leaf AHernote, paralel-ined sheath generly open: lgule membranous or hairy at blade base. FLORAL CHARACTERS * Inflorescence - Compound lsphe of spike tpancle of sil in uhich unit of inflorescence is not a single flower but a group of usually 3-5 sessle smal fuers (Pores) called spiel ®@ * Flowers - Bracleale avd bractell, sessile incomplete Smell trimerous, generally bseral a * Androecium - usualy 3 stamens eS * Gynoecium - Superior ovary with single ewle FH * Fruit ~ Caryopsie (grain), ore-seeded fru * Seed - Enclosed within the fruit (corypss ee i ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE cr aera nae * Food crops -Trifcum aestivum (whee Oryza safari, Zea mays (maize), Avena sativa (oat), Hordeurn vulgare (borey), Sorghum vlgare worl, Pennzeham (Bajo Elecne (og) * Sugar production - Saccharum offciarum (ugrcoe) * Building materiale - Bambusa. gras * Fodder ~ Cynadon dactylon+ IMPORTANT FAMILIES 67 @ DESCRIPTION OF IMP. FAMILIES (ACC. TO NMC SYLLABUS WEF 6.10.23) |. The position of the mother axis with respect to the fewer is represented bya on the ____ of the floral diagram 2.In floral Formula, Br & P stands for - 3. Fusion is indicated by enclosing figures within 4, Adhesion is indicated by - 5 Feature of flower which con be shown by feral Formula but rot by floral dagram is - 6, Feature shown only by fleral diagram but rot by floral Formal ie 1 Adhesion is indicated by enclosing the figure within a bracket. T/F 8 Symbols for bracteate, calyx. coral peianth androecium and gynoecium used in floral frmula are - 4 Symbol used for superior ovary ond inferior ovary are - 10, Symbols used for actnomarphic and for sygomorphic nature are ~ Il Symbols used for mole, female ard bierval pont, + VEGETATIVE CHARACTERS 12. Faboceae was earler krewn a3 — a subfamily of 1B. =~ is commonly known as the potato family (b,Grass Family other 2 names are - (5, Mustard family other 2rames are - 16. Compesitae other 2 nomes are - 11. Monocot Family in NTA syllabus i 18. Root have _____ with rtrogen-fuing bacteria called 1A. Leoves of all the families given in NTA sylobus are of 20, Femily given in sylabue which ore shpat - (2) 21 Families which are ex-stipulate are - (lt) 22. Leaf base ie pulinate in famly 23 Family of sylabus which may have pnrate leaves present is/are - 2b, Stern is erect or elimber in 25, Hairy or glabrous stem i Found in 26, Herbaceous, rarely woody aerial erect stom is found in - os is an ornamental shrub, 28. Erect branched, cylindrical, sl, woody globrous shem is seen in - 24, Most evelved fomiy i + FLORAL CHARACTERS 30, Obliquely placed sepfum is seen in - 31 Lorgest dicot and the most advanced amy n angiosperms is -68 BION, 3D Many he fam A,B,C, EF sho ie Dial. | and rile its flrl formule. (NEET 2021) 33. Fey having racemose inflorescence is 3k, Family having cyroseinlresconce- 35, Which type of racamese inflreseonece present in Astera Brasco & Poaceae? 36, Ray Aral ae present fuard parihery/cekre 37 Tubular florets are called ____ and lgulate florets are called ____ 38, Bract in graminge areas toun a = 34 Family with zygomorgic Feuer - 10, Family with actinamorphi four - UULNTA sulobus family which have witena flowers ~ 42 In calyx valvate aestivation is present in ~ 43, In corolla, valvate aestivation is in - le, Brassicaceae cals aestustn - 45, Malvaceae and Fabaceae corolla aestivation - (NET) 46 Gamoseglous cal isin - 7 Polysepalus ely in = 48 Polypetolous cerolla isin - 4, Gomopetaous corel isin - 50. Epicalyx is found in - A 51 Cale of asteracne i Calyx ord corolla are 3 in number in arth ie regresrted by in Pezee 53. 5k, Tetramercus Fewer present in- 55. Pentamerovs flowers present 56, Ardroecium is attach 52 Sheen venir ol 6 Vandi» 58 Diadelphous, anther dithecous is present in - INEET 2023) 59 Type of andrei feued Competes 60. Tebradyramovs ond plyodrass cron presen in 6) Malvaceae is manoadelphous/diadelpncus, 62 NTA slob family having infer cur i = 3 In graminge only single ovis present in ech ery TF ‘ab, Malva, Astera, Sclan, Brassica, Graminae are - (NEET 2016) sin Fab, Molva, Astera, Selon, Brassica Grominge are - fomilies - é A 7 Monszarpelory fails -IMPORTANT FAMILIES 68 Bicarpellory families - 64 Mohaceae ie ____carpellary 10, Swollen placenta is present in ~ 11 Anleplocentation families - (NET 2023) 12. Basal placentation families 1B Placentotion in Fab & Brassica is - Th, Fruit of Fabaceae - 1B. Fruit of Solanaceae ~ 16. Cypsela is frut of - Th Caryopsis is frat of - 1B Fruit of malvaceae - 14 Fruit of brassica - 80. Fruit of solanaceae 81 Solanaceae have nor-endospermous seeds ox its a deot T/F 82, Family hoving norcendospermovs seed ore ~ + ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE 83 Economically most important family of angicsperms is - 84. Medicines found in Fab, Solan & Astera are ~ 85. Ornamental in Fab, Selon Malia & Astera are « 86, Pulses in Fabaceae ex - (5) (NEET) 81 Food in Solanaceae ex - (3) 88, Food in Poaceae ex ~() 84 Food in Cruciferae ex - (4) 40. Feed in Malvaceae - 41, Foed in Asteraceae - (3) 92. Ollin Malva (2), tora (2), Brosica (), Faba (2) - 48. Fedder in Fabaceae ex - 4h. Fabric in Malvaceae - 45, Dyes and fibers found in Fabaceae are - 46. Spices of Solanaceae () - INET) 1. Tobacco comes from dried leaves of 4. Building materiale (2) and fodder ()n Poaceae - 49. Zea mays has uri/bisexsal flower (NEED) found in fomly 100. Drow a fable comparing all the importont properties of al the Familes Bio Multiple LowBMR | Med Revision (BMR) No. of revision Revision time {in minutes) 69BlOHAg 70 + ANSWERS I dot, top « FLORAL CHARACTERS 2. Br- Bractate, P- Perianth 30, Sclanaceae 3. brackets 3 Asteraceae 4, by a line drawn above the symbole of flral parts | 32 Dig. | 5, Pasion of ovary 6, Aestvation & placentation LE Adhesion is indicated by a ine above syrbels eg ~ and fusion by bracket 8B CPA andG 4. Gand G 10. ® and % WD, F and g + VEGETATIVE CHARACTERS 12 Papionodeae,leguminosae 1B Solanaceae |b, Poaceae, Graminae 15, Brassicaceae, cruifaceae 16, Asteraceae, sunflower family 11 Graminae 18. Root nodules, Rhizobium 1 Mernate 20, Fabaceae, Mokacene Dal other famites 22. Fabaceae 23, Fabaceae, Solanaceae, Compositae 2h, Fabaceae 25, Solanaceae 26, Solanaceae 21 Molaceae 28, Malvaceae 24 Peacese [due fo reduction and modficain in floral ports) A Brasscacene: © $ Koz Ca Arve G2) B-Fabsceoe 1 $ Ky Crvzvtay Araya C- Solmoceoe’ ® F Kis) C(5) As Gia) D- Conpasize Br ® & Kepappusy Cosy As Gray E = Graminese’ Br X % Po or 2 (lodicules) A3ore Cry F -Malaceae’ ® § Epis-g Kis) C15) Aoo Gi2-co) 33 Fah Astera, Brassica, Graminae 3h, Maha, Solan 35, Astera - Capitulum, Brassica ~ corymbs, Poaceae - spelt 36 periphery 31.Dise flret and ray floret 38. Glames 34 Fob ray Frets of astera, Graminae 40. Maa Selon, Brassica, disc floret of astera 4. ray fret in compositae rest all bisexual 42 Fob, Moh, Solan, Brassica 413 Astera Solan Brassica 4. imbricate 45, twisted, vevilry U6, Fob, Mae, Solan 41 Brassica 48. Brossica, Fab, Malva 44 Astera Selon 50. Mola 51 absent or hairy pappus 52.F (both are absent) 53 deesIMPORTANT FAMILIES 5h, Brassica 55. Fab, Malus, Astera, Solan 56 Moluacene, Aster, Solan 51 Fab - 10, Malia -00 , Astera (ray florets - 0, dsc florets - 5), Solan - 5, Brassica - 6, rami - 3 58. Fabaceae 54. Syngenesious (anther fused floment free) 60. Brassicaeae 6, monadelphous 62. Compositae (rest all suprir) 637 64.15.1221 65, |, mulfioeular, [2.1.1 66. Malia, Astera, Solon, Brassica (rest 2 fms are monecarpelary hence cannot be apo or sypoarpous) 611 Fab, Poo 68. Astera, Solan, Brassica 64 penta 10, Sclanaceae Solan, Mala 12 Astera, Poaceae TB Fob ~ marginal Brassica - parietal Th, Legume WB. berry or capsule 16. Astera (Trick - Cypslla sound lke “Cinderella: hence beavlful flowers of astera are given fo cinderella) TI Poaceae 78. Capsule n 14 silqua or scula 80 Berry or copsule BL Fit have endospermous seeds 82 Fob, Astera, Brassica mealia have enderpermous seed) + ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE 83 Graminae Bh, Fob - Mulath: Solan - Belladerra, Achunzardha, Astera ~ Artemisia, rrca, aravacum 85 Fab - Lupin sweet pea, Selon - Petunia. Malo - china rose, althaea, Astera - Sunflower, marigold 86. Gram, arhar, sem, mong, soybean 81 Potato, tomato brijal 88. wheat, rice, maize, oat, barley jawar, bara 29. rye sugarcane 84, Cauliflower, cabbage radsh turnip 40. Lady finger 41. Cicorium intybus, Helianthus tuberosus, Lactuca sativa 42. Malia ~ cottonseed ci kenaf ol Astera - sunflower & safflower, Brassica - mustard ol Faba - soybean, groundnut 93. Trifolium, Sesbania 4b, cotton jute 45 Indigofera, surhemp 16. Chill 41 Nicotiana tabacum, Solanaceae 98 Building material - Bambusa, grass, Fodder = Cynadon dactylon 47. Unisexual 100. Table‘lata i zea Goiamaceas Bramsicaceas/— Gramincne/ eee (Pea Family), eee (Potato Family) Cruciferae Poaceae cotyedom —DicoyedonaeDicoyedonae ——Dicoletanne—DieoedonseDeeyledonae__Monocoiyledonae Herb, shrubs, Anna beni, Annal, bln 8, agg aqua, _ Ais ——_erbs, annuals or ave Smite," herbs orshrubece shrubs somatinee MBS. ABDY secepnal herbs _perenrals, shrubs, climber ‘sometimes tes ‘wees smalltree | PEThnubs sometimes ike trees | Fibrous and Se te me tp Tp Firousand | Branch: ere, Neibcros, ached Underground rhizome stem (special cin eae Underzound Herbaceous, } imbingstem eying wah ee angular er werbeceous, eine fewer! mackae Siinbied Siem" trashed erect "Src eu | Reticulate, Uni or | venation —Reticulte “multestte Retetate Reticolate ——_Retcunte Poets innately | ‘Simple/ iiicengiie ‘Simpie/ i Simple | leattype Sime) | smpte——sitefCompmund — SIMPE! | Simp simpte | lmuyitasy Alernte.©—«=«Atenale. «Alerter Opposite Alerate.——_Aterante Aternate 'stipute Present Present Ersipulne—Exspulte —Exapuime ———_—xstipnlate rescence — Racemose VME [SIIALY OF Racemoce (Capitulum) CPE Taoumos icemose (Spikelet pte a allan) Racemose Capitan) Sra) (Corgmba) _Racemose(Spikelet) metry MEMETHIC pcinomoryle ) RAYHOFE-ZagOCH) Actinamerphic ActiNMOPhic —_ayeemorphie Pi pee, 4) ‘Actinomorphie Disc foret~Actino (9) e a) oye mee sexu is eemeeed isexus isexu tisexual emuaty —Bierualif) —Blsennicn «BAYES aol if) nomial f) nena Semis Sepals | Seems Sma amore at oe pers a, \CelyxiK) ‘Valvate/ Caner _ bay Camosepalous — Pelysepalon Intricate “Sceistound Tatas IBA ant eatvation EF scativation May be abrentor 2 or3) le 4 peat cemany | Sena S petals pene Poppers Representa by Polgpetlous Sete candpeious gg Seals PRERRE —rembranau sacs Jeoratate) “Weel” —_Plpfeaiaus—Vavatedentzmion — OMBEPHAOUS— gctaon "calle odicules esivtten Twotcheatvavon RapforetcUngre YE Sector we) Deter (orminge cross vad eee Diaepnous — MUREO ——Ray e-snet (Coteson of ie cet ene te landroccium —stamen) —-‘Monadciphous—Bipetalous sSgamen | Texradynamous UNDA 2 sane ner ripctlons —syogineius anther ropenaroe althecous thet fe ment fe) (2023), Te : puis Suet oy na ern, Sa, secigre Beey” super ny nna: oe ‘Syncarpous ‘Synearpous: Unilocular alloca | “Unllecular”—flkoular—(Onecrueinench —Bibeular” sometimes Sane news) ‘ieclan tsi) yaad teat Abe prt sa : “e ay ose: ‘ower cig tek ke BERT NGs ok CTO: RETR Bem ge n.A.Gs Fermeia Gio som)Cwhedoe Bie arts" “ao, ana) Ain i Sigua or Caryopsis ait wal Irate ed cepsule Copia —Benyorenpmie SUigunor Curae nt wall Baderpermle —— jhsent Present Absent Pretest Absent Present Examples Pulses: gram, Fabric: Cotton, Food: Cicorium intybus Food: tomato, Crops: Food crops: Triticwn if Bhawcm, jute {iedfortending” Ernje poate ailower, gest behen) Imoorg soso ood Plante: Olen cote Helanthae Spee chill cab Sry sate ee), Zon ar G00) (ad) finger or beesun, Leica OTT Seaerape rage lar Aor ; Bathe ett — Bina ate Decline: (urn ate ot, orden forabean, Vegetable oll; Off Sunforerand—teladonnn, —‘Rapimnus ego hue oundnut —comonnerdo—salfoner Sshwogandha Stier) Sonu vulgare Byes tndigoera kena Medicine: Arenisia Tuigntery,Ollpreducton: awar) Pennsetum Fodder Gmermestel —fenthcit hica, inet 2002) Bretmpesns [bal Ewer (oe) Seber, ieve(China area Omamental sedeged ye {njetum’ seh Ahora” Ornamental penne Sugar producto Hirer Fetanthas annaus Satcharum often a Sinha {Suntowen Tapes arene manent Se go Bullding materia hpi weet EIU Fiess = Pedder, Cyradon Medicine: Bosden