STUDENT INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME SIWES REPORT OF

WORK DONE

AT

GODWIN MONDAY AUTOMOBILE COMPANY, AKURE ONDO

STATE

BY

SAMUEL AYOMIDE OREOLUWA

FPA/MT/23/2-0025

TO

DEPARTMENT OF MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING, THE

FEDERAL POLYTECHNIC ADO-EKITI, EKITI-STATE.

MARCH, 2025
 CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the name student SAMUEL AYOMIDE OREOLUWA

(FPA/MT/23/2-0025) undertook industrial training at GODWIN MONDAY
AUTOMOBILE COMPANY, AKURE ONDO STATE.

Mr Ibrahim A.G ………………………………..

Industrial Liason Coordinator Sign/Date

Dr. K.E. Ojaomo …………………………………

Head of Department Sign/Date

Engr. Agbegunde O.S. ………………………………...

Departmental Siwes Cordinator Sign/Date
 DEDICATION

This work is dedicated to God Almighty, the author and finisher of my faith, who gave me
the strength, health, knowledge and protection, from start to the completion of my Training.
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I want to use this medium to acknowledge God for his mercies and grace, he is ever faithful,
May his name be praised.

A big thank you goes to my boss, for giving me the opportunity to undergo the training in his
amiable organization. May God bless you and enlarge your coast.

I also appreciate the members and staff of Godwin Monday automobile company Akure,
Ondo State for making my stay memorable.

I appreciate my parents for their prayers and support before and during the course of the
training, May you reap the fruits of your labour over me.

Also, I acknowledge my wonderful aunts, for their support and encouragement throughout
the training period and always, May God reward your labour of love.

A big shout out goes to my darling siblings for their love and visits.

Finally, I commend myself for enduring all forms of stress during the course of the training.
 TABLE OF CONTENT
Cover page i
Certification ii
Dedication iii
Acknowledgement iv
Table of content v
Abstract vi
CHAPTER ONE
1.1 Introduction 1

1.2 Objectives of Siwes 1

1.3 Organization Profile

CHAPTER TWO

2.1 Experienced Gained During Siwes

CHAPTER THREE

Logical Terminology

CHAPTER FOUR

Conclusion and recommendation

 CHAPTER ONE

1.1 INTRODUCTION

The students industrial work experience scheme (SIWES) is a skill training programme

designed to expose and prepare students of Universities, Polytechnics, Colleges and

Technology, Colleges of Agriculture and colleges of Education for the Industrial Work

situation they are likely to meet after graduation. The scheme also afford students the

opportunity of familiarizing and exposing themselves to the needed experience and

machinery that is usually no available in their institutions. Before the establishment of the

scheme, there has a growing concern among our industrialist that graduates of our institution

of higher learning lacked adequate practical background studies preparatory for employment

in industries. The employer here of the opinion that the theoretical education going on in

higher institution has not responsive to the needs of the employers of labour

1.2 Objective of SIWES

The Industrial Training Funds Policy Document No 1 of 1973 which established SIWES

outlined the objective of the scheme, the objective are to:

i. Provide an avenue for student in higher institution of learning to acquire industrial

skills and experiences during their course of study.

ii. Prepare students for industrial work situation that they are likely to meet after

graduation.

iii. Expose students to work methods and techniques in handing equipment and

machinery that may not be available in their institution.

iv. Make the transition from school to the world of world of work easier and enhance

students’ contacts for later job placement.

 v. Provide student with the opportunity to apply their educational knowledge in real

work situation, thereby bridging the gap between theory and practice.

vi. Enlist and strengthen employers’ involvement in the entire education Process and

prepare students for employment in industry and commerce (Information and

Guideline foe SIWES, 2002).

1.3 Bodies Involved In the Management of Siwes

The bodies involved are: The Federal Government , Industrial Training Funds (ITF), Other

supervising gents are: National University Commission (NUC), National Board for Technical

Education (NBTE) and National for Council of Education (NCE)The function of these

agencies above include among others to;

* Ensure adequate funding of the scheme:

* Established SIWES and accredit SIWES unit in the approved institution;

* Formulate policies and guideline for participating bodies and institution as well as

appointing SIWES coordinators and support staff;

* Supervise students at their place of attachment and sign their log-book and IT forms.

1.4 COMPANY PROFILE

Godwin Monday auto mobile company Akure, Ondo State. They started operation in the

2015 and their principal area of operation is majorly based on mechanical engineering and

mechanical tools. They also have skilled and unskilled professionals.

 CHAPTER TWO

EXPERIENCE GAINED DURING SIWES

I was taught that when it comes to mechanical tools can be categorized into several main

types, each serving specific functions in the repair and maintenance of vehicles. Below is a

detailed overview of various mechanical tools that every mechanic should consider having in

their toolbox.

1. Hand Tools

Hand tools are fundamental for mechanics as they provide the precision and control needed

for intricate tasks. The following are some of the most common hand tools used:

 Screwdrivers: These come in various shapes and sizes, including flathead and

Phillips head screwdrivers. They are essential for tightening or loosening screws and

fasteners.
  Wrenches: Wrenches are crucial for loosening or tightening nuts and bolts. A

combination wrench set, which includes both open-end and box-end wrenches, offers

versatility. Adjustable wrenches can also be useful for non-standard sizes.

 Pliers: Pliers come in different types such as needle-nose pliers for reaching tight

spaces, locking pliers (like Vise-Grip) for securing objects, slip-joint pliers, and

diagonal cutting pliers.

 Hammers: While not always the first tool thought of in automotive repair, hammers

like ball-peen hammers (for shaping metal) and rubber mallets (for tapping delicate

components) are important.

 Pry Bars: These tools provide leverage for removing stubborn parts or separating

components.

2. Socket Sets

A comprehensive socket set is a cornerstone of any mechanic’s toolbox. Socket sets typically

include:

 Various sizes of sockets

 Ratchets

 Extensions

These tools are essential for removing and installing bolts, nuts, and other fasteners

efficiently. Investing in a high-quality socket set that includes both metric and standard sizes

ensures compatibility with a wide range of vehicles.

3. Diagnostic Tools

In modern automotive repair, diagnostic tools have become increasingly important due to

advancements in vehicle technology. Some key diagnostic tools include:

 OBD-II Scanners: These devices connect to a vehicle’s onboard diagnostics system

to read error codes and monitor performance metrics.

 Multimeters: Used to measure voltage, current, and resistance in electrical systems.

 Compression Gauges: Essential for testing engine compression levels to diagnose

issues related to engine performance.

4. Power Tools

Power tools enhance efficiency in various tasks within automotive repair:

 Impact Wrenches: These are used to quickly loosen or tighten bolts with high torque

output.

 Drills: Cordless drills are versatile for drilling holes or driving screws into various

materials.

 Grinders: Useful for cutting metal or grinding down surfaces during repairs.

5. Specialty Tools

Certain jobs may require specialized tools tailored to specific tasks:

 Torque Wrenches: Essential for applying precise torque settings when fastening

bolts.

 Brake Bleeders: Used specifically to remove air from brake lines during

maintenance.
  Oil Filter Wrenches: Designed specifically to remove oil filters without damaging

them.

Car Batteries

Connecting a car battery is a straightforward process, but it must be done correctly to ensure

safety and functionality. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to connect car batteries:

1. Inspect and Clean the Terminals Before connecting the new battery, inspect both the

battery terminals and the cables for any dirt or corrosion. If you notice any build-up, clean

them using a mixture of baking soda and water. Use a wire brush or toothbrush dipped in this

solution to scrub away any corrosion. Rinse with clean water and dry thoroughly.

2. Position the Battery Carefully lift the new battery into place in the battery tray, ensuring

that it remains level throughout the process to prevent any spillage of battery acid. Make sure

that the positive (+) terminal is aligned with the positive cable and the negative (-) terminal

with the negative cable.

3. Reconnect the Positive Terminal First Start by connecting the positive terminal first.

Slide the positive cable onto the positive battery post (marked with a + sign) and tighten it

securely using a wrench or socket set. It’s crucial to ensure that this connection is snug to

prevent any loose connections which could lead to electrical issues.

4. Reconnect the Negative Terminal Next, connect the negative terminal by sliding it onto

the negative battery post (marked with a - sign). Again, tighten this connection securely using

your wrench or socket set.

5. Secure the Battery Once both terminals are connected, reinstall any clamps or hold-

downs that secure the battery in place within its tray. This step is important as it prevents

movement while driving.

6. Test Your Connections After everything is connected, start your vehicle to test if

everything functions properly. Check that all electrical components such as headlights and

dashboard lights are operational.

Types of Batteries and Their Specifications

1. Alkaline Batteries

 Composition: Typically composed of zinc and manganese dioxide.

 Common Sizes: AA, AAA, C, D, and 9V.

 Energy Output: High energy output suitable for household devices like flashlights

and toys.

 Shelf Life: Long shelf life and reliable performance across a range of temperatures.

 Safety Considerations: Generally safe but can leak corrosive substances if

improperly stored or disposed of. Should be kept in a cool, dry place away from metal

objects.

2. Lithium-Ion Batteries

 Composition: Made from lithium compounds which allow for high energy density.

 Applications: Commonly used in smartphones, laptops, electric vehicles, and

wireless earbuds.

 Weight: Lightweight design makes them ideal for portable devices.

 Self-discharge Rate: Low self-discharge rate means they retain charge even when

not in use.

 Lifespan: Long lifespan contributes to cost-effectiveness and environmental benefits.

  Safety Concerns: Can overheat or explode if mishandled; must be kept away from

high temperatures and punctures.

3. Nickel-Cadmium (NiCd) Batteries

 Composition: Contains nickel oxide hydroxide and cadmium as electrodes.

 Longevity: Known for their long lifespan but require proper maintenance to achieve

this longevity.

 Memory Effect: Prone to memory effect where they lose capacity if recharged before

fully discharged.

 Toxicity Issues: Cadmium is toxic; proper handling and disposal are crucial to

prevent environmental harm.

 Temperature Tolerance: Can operate effectively in extreme temperatures.

4. Nickel-Metal Hydride (NiMH) Batteries

 Composition: Uses a hydrogen-absorbing alloy for the negative electrode instead of

cadmium.

 Capacity: Higher capacity than NiCd batteries, making them suitable for high-drain

devices like digital cameras and hybrid vehicles.

 Environmental Impact: Less toxic than NiCd batteries but still requires careful

disposal practices.

5. Lead-Acid Batteries

 Composition: Composed of lead dioxide (positive plate), sponge lead (negative

plate), and sulfuric acid (electrolyte).

  Applications: Widely used in automobiles, backup power supplies, and industrial

applications due to their robustness.

 Cost Efficiency: Generally cheaper upfront compared to other battery types but

heavier and bulkier.

 Lifespan & Maintenance: Requires regular maintenance; can last several years with

proper care.

SPARK PLUGS

Spark plugs are essential components in internal combustion engines, responsible for igniting

the air-fuel mixture within the engine’s combustion chamber. They generate a spark that

initiates combustion, which is crucial for engine performance. Additionally, spark plugs help

manage heat by transferring excess heat from the combustion chamber to the engine cooling

system.

Types of Spark Plugs

There are several types of spark plugs based on the materials used for their electrodes:

1. Copper Spark Plugs: Known for excellent conductivity and performance, copper

spark plugs provide a strong spark but have a shorter lifespan, typically requiring

replacement every 20,000 to 30,000 miles.

2. Platinum Spark Plugs: These offer better longevity than copper plugs, lasting around

60,000 to 100,000 miles. They are often used in vehicles that require longer intervals

between maintenance.
 3. Iridium Spark Plugs: Considered among the best for longevity and performance,

iridium plugs can last up to 120,000 miles. They feature a fine wire center electrode

that improves ignition efficiency and reduces fouling.

4. Nickel and Stainless Steel Spark Plugs: Nickel is sometimes used in lower-cost

options but does not perform as well as iridium or platinum in terms of longevity.

Stainless steel is generally considered poor for conductivity and has been criticized

for durability issues.

Choosing the Right Spark Plug

When selecting a spark plug for your vehicle, it’s crucial to consider both the heat range and

reach specified by the manufacturer. Using an incorrect type can lead to poor engine

performance or even damage over time. For example:

 If your vehicle requires platinum plugs, switching to iridium can enhance

performance without compromising reliability.

 Brands like NGK and Denso are highly regarded for their quality iridium plugs;

NGK’s “Laser” Iridiums and Denso’s “Long Life” Iridiums are popular choices

among consumers.

Maintenance

Regular inspection and timely replacement of spark plugs can prevent issues such as rough

idling or decreased fuel efficiency. Signs that your spark plugs may need replacing include

difficulty starting the engine, reduced acceleration power, or increased emissions.

How to Identify a Faulty Spark Plug

Identifying a faulty spark plug is crucial for maintaining your vehicle’s performance and

efficiency. Here are the steps and signs to look for when diagnosing potential issues with

your spark plugs:

1. Check Engine Light Activation One of the first indicators of a faulty spark plug is the

illumination of the check engine light on your dashboard. If the spark plug fails to ignite the

air-fuel mixture properly, it can trigger this warning light. In some cases, a flashing check

engine light may indicate severe misfires that could damage other components like the

catalytic converter.

2. Observe Engine Misfires Engine misfires are a common symptom associated with bad

spark plugs. If you notice that your engine stutters or jerks during acceleration, this could be

due to one or more spark plugs not firing correctly. Pay attention to how smoothly your

engine runs; any irregularities may suggest an issue with the spark plugs.

3. Difficulty Starting Your Vehicle If you experience trouble starting your car, especially if

it takes longer than usual to crank or stalls shortly after starting, worn-out spark plugs might

be the cause. While other issues like battery failure can also lead to starting problems, old or

damaged spark plugs have difficulty generating the necessary spark for ignition.

4. Decreased Fuel Efficiency Faulty spark plugs can lead to poor fuel economy. When they

do not burn fuel efficiently, your vehicle may consume more gas than normal. If you find

yourself making more frequent trips to refuel without any changes in driving habits, it could

be time to inspect your spark plugs.

5. Rough Idling A well-functioning engine should idle smoothly. If you hear rattling,

pinging, or knocking noises while idling, this could indicate that one or more of your spark
plugs are fouled or damaged. A rough idle often correlates with uneven combustion caused

by faulty ignition components.

6. Lack of Acceleration If you notice that your car does not accelerate as quickly as it used

to or feels sluggish during takeoff, this may be attributed to worn-out spark plugs failing to

provide a strong enough spark for optimal engine performance.

7. Physical Inspection of Spark Plugs If you’re comfortable doing so, you can physically

inspect the condition of your spark plugs by removing them from the engine:

 Look for signs of wear such as burned electrodes or excessive carbon buildup.

 Check for oil-soaked plugs which indicate oil entering the combustion chamber.

 Inspect for blistering which suggests overheating.

By following these steps and observing these symptoms closely, you can effectively identify

faulty spark plugs and take appropriate action before further damage occurs in your vehicle’s

engine.

Fuel Pump in Mechatronics

In the field of mechatronics, fuel pumps play a crucial role in the operation of internal

combustion engines and various fuel systems. Mechatronics is an interdisciplinary area that

combines mechanical engineering, electronics, computer science, and control engineering to

design and create intelligent systems and products. Fuel pumps are essential components

within this framework as they facilitate the movement of fuel from the tank to the engine,

ensuring optimal performance and efficiency.

1. Types of Fuel Pumps

There are primarily two types of fuel pumps used in automotive applications: mechanical

pumps and electric pumps.

 Mechanical Fuel Pumps: These pumps are typically driven by the engine’s

crankshaft or camshaft. They operate based on positive displacement principles,

where a diaphragm or piston moves to draw fuel into the pump chamber and then

pushes it out towards the engine. Mechanical pumps are often simpler in design but

can be less efficient at varying speeds.

 Electric Fuel Pumps: Electric pumps have gained popularity due to their ability to

provide consistent pressure regardless of engine speed. They are usually submerged in

the fuel tank or mounted inline with the fuel system. Electric pumps can be controlled

electronically, allowing for precise flow rates that match engine demands, which

enhances overall efficiency.

2. Role of Sensors and Control Systems

In modern vehicles, fuel pumps are integrated with various sensors and control systems that

monitor parameters such as fuel pressure, temperature, and flow rate. This data is processed

by an electronic control unit (ECU), which adjusts the pump’s operation accordingly. For

instance:

 Pressure Sensors: These sensors measure the pressure within the fuel system to

ensure it remains within optimal ranges for efficient combustion.

 Flow Rate Sensors: By monitoring how much fuel is being delivered to the engine,

these sensors help maintain proper air-fuel ratios for combustion.

The integration of these sensors allows for real-time adjustments to pump operation,

improving vehicle performance while reducing emissions.

3. Advantages of Electric Fuel Pumps in Mechatronics

Electric fuel pumps offer several advantages over mechanical counterparts:

 Efficiency: They can operate at variable speeds based on demand rather than being

fixed to engine speed.

 Compact Design: Electric pumps can be smaller and lighter than mechanical ones

since they do not require complex mechanical linkages.

 Reduced Noise: Electric pumps generally operate more quietly than mechanical ones.

 Enhanced Control: The ability to integrate with electronic systems allows for better

diagnostics and control strategies that optimize performance under different driving

conditions.

4. Applications Beyond Automotive

While most commonly associated with automotive applications, mechatronic principles

applied to fuel pumping technology extend into other areas such as aerospace (for jet

engines), marine (for boats), and industrial machinery (for generators). In these contexts,

similar principles apply regarding efficiency, precision control, and integration with

electronic systems.

1. Piston Functionality

A piston is a cylindrical component that moves within a cylinder bore, driven by forces

generated during combustion or fluid pressure. In mechatronic systems, pistons are often used
to convert energy from one form to another—typically converting thermal energy from

combustion into mechanical work. The movement of the piston is critical for generating

power in internal combustion engines or creating pressure in hydraulic systems.

The design of a piston must consider factors such as thermal expansion, material properties,

and clearance within the cylinder. Pistons are commonly made from lightweight materials

like cast aluminum alloys due to their excellent thermal conductivity and strength-to-weight

ratio. Proper clearance between the piston and cylinder wall is vital; insufficient clearance

can lead to seizing while excessive clearance can result in loss of compression.

2. Piston Rings

Piston rings are essential components that fit into grooves on the piston. They serve multiple

functions: sealing the combustion chamber to prevent gas leakage, conducting heat away

from the piston to the cylinder wall, and controlling oil consumption by wiping excess oil off

the cylinder walls during piston movement.

There are typically three types of piston rings used in engines:

 Compression Rings: These are located closest to the piston head and seal the

combustion chamber during operation. They ensure that gases do not escape past the

piston when combustion occurs.

 Wiper Rings: Positioned between compression rings and oil rings, wiper rings help

clean excess oil from the cylinder wall while also providing an additional sealing

function.

 Oil Rings: Located closest to the crankcase, oil rings manage oil consumption by

scraping excess oil off the cylinder walls back into the crankcase.
The design considerations for piston rings include their material properties (often made from

cast iron), free ring gap (the distance between ends when uncompressed), inherent pressure

(the force exerted by a ring’s material), and applied pressure (pressure from combustion

gases). These factors determine how effectively a ring can maintain a seal against high-

pressure gases while allowing for smooth movement within the cylinder.

3. Integration with Control Systems

In mechatronic applications, pistons and rings may be integrated with electronic control

systems that monitor performance parameters such as temperature, pressure, and position.

Sensors can provide real-time feedback on these parameters which can be processed by

microcontrollers or embedded systems to optimize engine performance or system efficiency.

For example, advanced engine management systems use data from various sensors to adjust

fuel injection timing or valve operation dynamically based on real-time conditions. This

integration enhances overall system performance by ensuring optimal operation under

varying load conditions.

 CHAPTER THREE

LOGICAL TERMINOLOGY USED IN MECHATRONICS ENGINEERING

Mechatronics engineering is an interdisciplinary field that combines principles from

mechanical engineering, electrical engineering, computer science, and control engineering to

design and create intelligent systems and products. Below are some key terminologies

commonly used in mechatronics:

1. Actuator

An actuator is a device that converts energy into motion. It performs mechanical operations

by combining a power source with mechanical parts. Actuators can be electric, hydraulic, or

pneumatic and are essential for moving components in automated systems.

2. Sensor

Sensors are devices that detect physical properties such as temperature, pressure, light, or

motion and convert them into signals that can be read by an observer or an instrument. They

play a crucial role in providing feedback to control systems.

3. Control System

A control system manages the behavior of other devices or systems using control loops. It can

be open-loop (without feedback) or closed-loop (with feedback). Closed-loop control systems

continuously monitor output and adjust inputs to achieve desired performance.

4. Feedback Loop

A feedback loop is a process where the output of a system is fed back into the input to

maintain stability or improve performance. This concept is fundamental in closed-loop

control systems.
5. Microcontroller

A microcontroller is a compact integrated circuit designed to govern specific operations in an

embedded system. It contains a processor core, memory, and programmable input/output

peripherals.

6. Robotics

Robotics involves the design, construction, operation, and use of robots for various

applications. It integrates mechanical design with electronics and software programming.

7. PLC (Programmable Logic Controller)

A PLC is an industrial digital computer used for automation of electromechanical processes

such as control of machinery on factory assembly lines.

8. PID Controller (Proportional-Integral-Derivative Controller)

A PID controller is a control loop feedback mechanism widely used in industrial control

systems to maintain the desired output by adjusting process variables based on proportional,

integral, and derivative terms.

9. Mechatronic Systems

These are integrated systems that involve mechanical components along with electronic

controls and software algorithms to perform tasks autonomously or semi-autonomously.

10. Digital Signal Processing (DSP)

DSP refers to the manipulation of signals after they have been converted into a digital form.

It plays an important role in analyzing signals from sensors for effective decision-making in

mechatronic applications.
 CHAPTER FOUR

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

Conclusion

In conclusion, my SIWES experience provided valuable insights into critical automotive

components such as the injector mouth, spark plug, power steering pump, and engine

manifold within mechatronics engineering. This hands-on training not only enhanced my

technical skills but also deepened my understanding of how these components interact within

an automotive system to ensure optimal performance.

RECOMMENDATION

I will recommend that the Industrial Training Fund (ITF) in collaboration with the institution

should endeavor to see to the placement of students to different organizations relating to their

course of study in order to reduce the rigor students experience in search of placement.