DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF CONTRAINDICATION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE NURSING
ACTION EFFECTS RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Interferes with bacterial Hypersensitivity to Treatment of infections Side Effects: Assessment:
-Ceftriaxone cell-wall synthesis and cephalosporins or of the lower respiratory • Pain ● Monitor for
division by binding to penicillin. tract, cute bacterial • Induration extreme confusion,
Brand Name: the cell wall, causing otitis media, skin & skin • Phlebitis tonic-clonic seizures,
-Rocephin the cell to die. Active Use cautiously with structure infection, UTI • Rash and mild
against gram-negative renal failure, lactation uncomplicated • Diarrhea hemiparesis when
Classification: and gram-positive pregnancy gonorrhea, pelvic • Thrombocytosis giving high doses.
-Cephalosporin, third bacteria, with expanded inflammatory disease, • Leucopenia ● Assess CBC and
generation activity against gram- bacterial septicemia, • Glossitis kidney and liver
negative bacteria. bone & joint infections, • Respiratory function test results.
Dosage: Exhibits minimal meningitis. superinfections
- 2g immunosuppressant Patient Teaching:
activity. ● Instruct patients to
Route: report persistent
IV diarrhea, bruising, or
bleeding.
Frequency:
Once a day ● As appropriate,
review all other
Date Started: significant and life-
December 06, 2024 threatening adverse
reactions and
Time Started: interactions, especially
12:00 PM those related to the
drugs, tests, and herbs
mentioned above
DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF CONTRAINDICATION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE NURSING
ACTION EFFECTS RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Acts on the mu opioid ● Hypersensitivity to This medication is used ● Sweating, dizziness, Interventions:
Tramadol receptors to produce tramadol or other to help relieve nausea, vomiting,
pain relief. Opioid opioid analgesics; moderate to dry mouth, fatigue, 1. Note for any
Brand Name: Ultram receptors are located in moderately severe asthenia, hypersensitivity
● Suicidal patients, reaction.
the brain and there are pain. Tramadol is similar somnolence,
acute alcoholism; 2. Monitor vital signs and
three types, of which to opioid analgesics. It confusion,
Classification: Opioid head injuries; raised assess for orthostatic
the mu opioid receptor works in the brain to constipation,
analgesic intracranial hypotension or signs of
is one. Normally, when change how your body flushing, headache,
pressure; severe CNS depression.
Dosage: a painful stimulus feels and responds to vertigo, tachycardia,
renal impairment; 3. Assess bowel and
- 1 cap occurs, a neuron pain. palpitations, miosis,
lactation. bladder function;
communicates to the insomnia,
report urinary
Route: brain and the person orthostatic
feels pain. When a hypotension, frequency or retention.
Oral 4. Encourage patient to
person takes Tramadol, seizures, CNS
it acts on the mu opioid stimulation e.g. cough and breathe
Frequency: deeply every 2 hr to
Three times a day receptor, blocking the hallucinations.
neuron from ● Potentially Fatal: prevent atelectasis and
communicating pain to Respiratory pneumonia.
Date Started: 5. Inform the patient that
December 06, 2024 the brain. depression.
she may experience
these side effects:
Time Started: dizziness, sedation,
3:00 PM drowsiness, impaired
visual acuity (avoid
driving or performing
tasks that require
alertness); nausea, loss
of appetite (lie quietly,
eat frequent small
meals).
Instruct to report if she
experiences severe nausea,
dizziness, severe
constipation.
DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF CONTRAINDICATION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE NURSING
ACTION EFFECTS RESPONSIBILITIES
Generic Name: Antipyretic: reduces - Contraindicated with Temporary reduction pf CNS: headache • Do not exceed the
-Paracetamol fever by acting directly allergy to fever, temporary relief CV: chest pain, dyspnea, recommended
on the hypothalamic acetaminophen. of minor aches and myocardial damage dosage
Brand Name: heat-regulating center pains caused by when doses of 5-8g/day • Reduce dosage
- Tylenol to cause vasodilation - Use cautiously with common cold and are ingested daily for with hepatic
and sweating, which impaired hepatic influenza, headache, several weeks or when impairment
Classification: helps dissipate heat. function, chronic sore throat, toothache, doses of 4g/day are • Avoid using
- Analgesic (nonopioid) alcoholism, pregnancy, backache, menstrual ingested for 1yr multiple
Antipyretic lactation cramps, etc. GI: hepatic, toxicity, and preparations
failure jaundice containing
Dosage: GU: acute renal failure, acetaminophen.
-1 tab (500mg) renal tubular necrosis Carefully check
- Hematologic: OTC products.
Frequency: methemoglobinemia- • Give drug with
Every 4 hours cyanosis; hemolytic food if GI upset
anemia-hematuria, occurs.
Date Started: anuria; neutropenia, • Discontinue drug
December 06, 2024 leukopenia, if hypersensitivity
pancytopenia, reactions occur.
Time Started: thrombocytopenia, • Treatment of
3:30 PM hypoglycemia overdose:
- Hypersensitivity: rash, monitor serum
fever levels regularly,
N-acetylcysteine
should be
available as a
specific antidote;
basic life support
measures may be
necessary.
DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF CONTRAINDICATION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
ACTION EFFECTS
Generic Name: Analgesic and anti- Contraindicated with Celecoxib is prescribed CNS: headache, Before:
- Celecoxib inflammatory activities allergies to to relieve and alleviate dizziness, somnolence, - Check the doctor’s order
related to inhibition of sulphonamides, acute pain. insomnia, fatigue, - wash hands before
Brand Name: the COX-2 enzyme, celecoxib, NSAIDs or tiredness, tinnitus, administration
- Celebrex which is activated in aspirin, significant renal opthalmologic effects - explain about the importance
inflammation to cause impairment; and purpose of the drug to
Classification: the signs and symptoms perioperative pain post CV: MI, CVA patient/SO
- COX-2 inhibitors, non- associated with CABG surgery; -assess skin color and lesions,
steroidal anti- inflammation; does not pregnancy (third Dermatologic: rash, reflexes, sensations, edema,
inflammatory drugs affect the COX-1 trimester); lactation pruritus, sweating, dry serum, electrolytes
enzyme, which protects mucous membranes,
Dosage: the lining of the GI tract Precaution: stomatitis During:
1 cap (200mg) & has blood clotting Use cautiously with - Administer the right drug,
and renal functions impaired hearing, GI: nausea, abdominal recheck the label
Frequency: hepatic, and CV pain, dyspepsia, -administer drug with food or
Twice a day conditions flatulence, GI bleeding after meals if GI upset occurs
-Establish safety measures if CNS
Route: Hematologic: or visual disturbances occur
PO (oral) Neutropenia, -arrange for periodic
eosinophilia, ophthalmologic examination
Date Started: leukopenia, during long-term therapy
December 06, 2024 pancytopenia, - take note for side effects
thrombocytopenia,
Time Started: bone marrow After:
10:00 AM depression, - document and record
menorrhagia - provide positioning and
environmental control to reduce
Other: pain
Peripheral edema, - provide warmth, positioning
anaphylactoid reactions and rest to reduce inflammation
to anaphylactic shock -if overdose occurs, institute
gastric lavage, induction of
emesis and supportive therapy
-monitor patient’s vital signs.
DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF CONTRAINDICATION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
ACTION EFFECTS
Generic Name: Osmotic effect of Contraindicated to Relief of constipation GI: flatulence, belching; - Assess the patient for
- Lactulose organic acids causes patients on low- abdominal abdominal distention, presence
laxative action, which galactose diet. disturbances; pain and of bowel sounds, and normal
Brand Name: moves water from distention; diarrhea, pattern of bowel function.
- Cephulac plasma to intestines, Contraindicated in hypernatremia’ colon - Assess color, consistency, and
softening stools, and patients with GI accumulation of amount of stool produced
Classification: stimulates peristalsis by obstruction or hydrogen gas. - Assess mental status
- Hyperosmotic Laxative pressure from water perforation, toxic colitis, - Bulk forming laxatives - Promote fluid intake during
content to stool. megacolon, nausea and may cause intestinal drug therapy for constipation
Dosage: vomiting, or acute obstruction, impaction, - monito
- 30cc surgical abdomen. or (rarely) esophageal
obstruction. Patient and Family Education:
Frequency: Use cautiously in - Hyperosmolar and - Encourage patient to use other
OD patients with rectal or saline laxatives may forms of bowel regulation, such
anal conditions, such as cause fluid and as increasing bulk in diet, fluid
Date Started: rectal bleeding or large electrolyte imbalances. intake, and mobility.
December 06. 2024 hemorrhoids. - Caution patient that this
medication may cause belching,
Time Started: flatulence, or abdominal
5:00PM cramping.
- Tell the patient or SO to notify
the physician if diarrhea persists
more than 24-48 hours. Dose
adjustment may be indicated.
- tell patient to not self-medicate
with another laxative due to
slow onset of drug action
DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF CONTRAINDICATION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
ACTION EFFECTS
Generic Name: Blocks the action of an - Hypersensitivity to Is indicated for the Menstrual irregularities, - Instruct patient to take
- Finasteride enzyme called 5-alpha- finasteride or any other treatment of breast tenderness, finasteride as directed, even if
reductase. This enzyme ingredient of this symptomatic benign Decreased libido, symptoms improve or are
Brand Name: changes testosterone to medicine. prostatic hyperplasia dizziness, headache, unchanged. At least 6-12 mo of
- Proscar another hormone that (BPH) in men with an excess body hair therapy may be necessary to
causes the prostate - Should not be handled enlarged prostate to growth, prostate determine whether or not an
Classification: grow, it will increase by women when they improve symptoms, cancer, angioedema, individual will respond to
- 5- alpha reductase testosterone levels in are potentially be reduce the risk of acute breast cancer finasteride.
inhibitors the body, which pregnant because of retention, reduce the
decreases prostate size. this possibility of risk of the need for - advise patient to notify
Dosage: The effect of finasteride absorption of surgery including healthcare professional
1 tab (5mg) will only last as long as Finasteride and the transurethral resection promptly of changes on breasts
the medicine is taken. subsequent potential of the prostate (TURP) (lumps, pain, nipple discharge)
Frequency: risk to a male fetus. and prostatectomy. occur
OD
- Emphasize the importance of
Route: periodic follow up exams to
Oral determine whether a clinical
response has occurred.
Date Started:
December 06, 2024
Time Started:
8:00 AM
DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF CONTRAINDICATION INDICATION SIDE EFFECTS/ADVERSE NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
ACTION EFFECTS
Generic Name: 70 % of the alpha-1 - Orthostatic - Urinary frequency and Body as a whole: Assessment and Drug Effects:
- Tamsulosin adrenoceptors in the hypotension urgency Asthenia, back or chest - Monitor for signs of orthostatic
prostate are of the - Cataract Surgery - Prostatitis pain hypotension, take BP lying
Brand Name: alpha-1 A subtype. By - Hypersensitivity to down, then upon standing
- Flomax blocking these tamsulosin CNS: Headache,
adrenoceptors, smooth - In conjunction with Dizziness, Insomnia Patient and Family Education:
Classification: muscle in the prostate another alpha 1 A – - Make position changes slowly
- Alpha blocker is relaxed and urinary adrenergic blocking CVS: Orthostatic to minimize orthostatic
flow is improved. agent Hypotension hypotension.
Dosage: - Report dizziness, vertigo, or
- 400mg The blocking of alpha-1 GI: Diarrhea, Nausea fainting to physician. Exercise
D adrenoceptors relaxes caution with hazardous activities
Frequency: the trigone smooth Respiratory: Rhinitis, until response to drug is known.
OD muscles of the bladder Pharyngitis, Increased - advise patient that urinary
which prevents storage Cough, Sinusitis symptoms (retention, dribbling,
Date Started: symptoms. The hesitancy, urgency) should
December 06. 2024 specificity of tamsulosin Special Senses: improve, and to contact the
focuses the effects to Ambylopia physician if these symptoms
Time Started: the target area while arise/worsen.
8:00 PM minimizing effects in - Instruct patient or family to
other areas. report other bothersome side
effects such as severe or
prolonged headache, nasal
irritation, etc.
