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Designation: F441/F441M − 15 An American National Standard

Standard Specification for

Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe,
Schedules 40 and 801
This standard is issued under the fixed designation F441/F441M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (´) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.
This standard has been approved for use by agencies of the U.S. Department of Defense.

1. Scope* system shall be used independently of the other. Combining

values from the two systems may result in non-conformance
1.1 This specification covers chlorinated poly(vinyl chlo-
with the standard.
ride) (CPVC) pipe made in Schedule 40 and 80 sizes and
pressure-rated for water (see appendix). Included are criteria 1.5 The following safety hazards caveat pertains only to the
for classifying CPVC plastic pipe materials and CPVC plastic test methods portion, Section 8, of this specification: This
pipe, a system of nomenclature for CPVC plastic pipe, and standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns,
requirements and test methods for materials, workmanship, if any, associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user
dimensions, sustained pressure, burst pressure, flattening, and of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health
extrusion quality. Methods of marking are also given. practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limita-
tions prior to use. A specific precautionary statement is given
NOTE 1—The CPVC pipe covered by this specification was covered in Note 7.
previously in Specification D1785.
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NOTE 2—The sustained and burst pressure test requirements, and the
2. Referenced Documents

(https://standards.iteh.ai)
pressure ratings in the appendix, are calculated from stress values obtained 2
2.1 ASTM Standards:
from tests made on pipe 2 in. [50 mm] and smaller. However, tests on
larger pipe have shown these stress values to be valid. D618 Practice for Conditioning Plastics for Testing

Document Preview
1.2 The products covered by this specification are intended D1598 Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe
for use with the distribution of pressurized liquids only, which Under Constant Internal Pressure
are chemically compatible with the piping materials. Due to D1599 Test Method for Resistance to Short-Time Hydraulic
inherent hazards associated with testing components and sys- Pressure of Plastic Pipe, Tubing, and Fittings
ASTM
tems with compressed air or other compressed gases some F441/F441M-15
D1600 Terminology for Abbreviated Terms Relating to Plas-
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/80ecc875-8dbb-424a-9bf7-aa41d86f8ba7/astm-f441-f441m-15
manufacturers do not allow pneumatic testing of their products. tics
Consult with specific product/component manufacturers for D1784 Specification for Rigid Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC)
their specific testing procedures prior to pneumatic testing. Compounds and Chlorinated Poly(Vinyl Chloride)
(CPVC) Compounds
NOTE 3—Pressurized (compressed) air or other compressed gases
contain large amounts of stored energy which present serious saftey D1785 Specification for Poly(Vinyl Chloride) (PVC) Plastic
hazards should a system fail for any reason. Pipe, Schedules 40, 80, and 120
D2122 Test Method for Determining Dimensions of Ther-
1.3 The text of this specification references notes, footnotes,
moplastic Pipe and Fittings
and appendixes which provide explanatory material. These
D2837 Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis
notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall
for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure Design Basis
not be considered as requirements of the specification.
for Thermoplastic Pipe Products
1.4 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units F412 Terminology Relating to Plastic Piping Systems
are to be regarded separately as standard. The values stated in 2.2 Federal Standard:
each system may not be exact equivalents; therefore, each Fed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies)3

2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee F17 on Plastic contact ASTM Customer Service at service@astm.org. For Annual Book of ASTM
Piping Systems and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee F17.25 on Vinyl Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
Based Pipe. the ASTM website.
3
Current edition approved Aug. 1, 2015. Published November 2015. Originally Available from Standardization Documents Order Desk, DODSSP, Bldg. 4,
approved in 1974. Last previous edition approved in 2013 as F441/F441M– 13ε1. Section D, 700 Robbins Ave., Philadelphia, PA 19111-5098, http://
DOI: 10.1520/F0441_F0441M-15. www.dodssp.daps.mil.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959. United States

1
 F441/F441M − 15
2.3 Military Standard: design stresses which have been developed on the basis of
MIL-STD-129 Marking for Shipment and Storage3 long-term tests (see appendix).
2.4 NSF Standards: NOTE 4—This specification does not include requirements for pipe
Standard No. 14 for Plastic Piping Components and Related fittings intended to be used to vent combustion gases.
Materials4
Standard No. 61 for Drinking Water Systems Components— 5. Materials
Health Effects4 5.1 General—Chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) plastics used
to make pipe meeting the requirements of this specification are
3. Terminology categorized by means of two criteria, namely, (1) short-term
3.1 Definitions—Definitions are in accordance with Termi- strength tests and (2) long-term hydrostatic strength tests at
nology F412, and abbreviations are in accordance with Termi- both 73 and 180°F [23 and 82°C].
nology D1600, unless otherwise specified. The abbreviation for 5.2 Basic Materials:
chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride) is CPVC. 5.2.1 Basic Materials – Short-term Tests—This specification
3.2 Definitions of Terms Specific to This Standard: covers pipe made from CPVC plastics having certain physical
3.2.1 hydrostatic design stress—the estimated maximum properties as described in Specification D1784.
tensile stress the material is capable of withstanding continu- 5.2.1.1 Compound—The CPVC compounds used for this
ously with a high degree of certainty that failure of the pipe pipe shall equal or exceed the classification 23447 described in
will not occur. This stress is circumferential when internal Specification D1784.
hydrostatic water pressure is applied. 5.2.2 Basic Materials – Long-term Test—This specification
convers pipe made from CPVC plastics having certain Hydro-
3.2.2 pressure rating (PR)—the estimated maximum water
static Design Bases (HDB) and Hydrostatic Design Stresses
pressure the pipe is capable of withstanding continuously with
(HDS) described in Test Method D2837
a high degree of certainty that failure of the pipe will not occur.
5.2.2.1 Compound—The CPVC compounds used for this
3.2.3 relation between dimensions, design stress, and pres- pipe shall have a Hydrostatic Design Basis at 73ºF [23ºC] of

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sure rating—The following expression, commonly known as 4000 psi [28 MPa] and a Hydrostatic Design Basis at 180ºF
the ISO equation,5 is used in this specification to relate [82ºC] of either 1000 psi [7.0 MPa] or 1250 psi [8.6 MPa]
dimensions, hydrostatic design stress, and pressure rating: when evaluated in accordance with Test Method D2837
(https://standards.iteh.ai)
~ !
2 S/P 5 D O /t 2 1 5.2.3 Standard thermoplastic pipe materials designation—–
The pipe materials designation shall consist of the material
= hydrostatic design stress, psi Document Preview
where:
designation code CPVC 4120-05 or CPVC 4120-06 for the
S [MPa], type of plastic.
P = pressure rating, psi [MPa],
DO = average outside diameter, in. [mm], and NOTE 5—As per Terminology F412 (see, “code, thermoplastic pipe
t = minimum wall thickness, in. [mm]. ASTM F441/F441M-15 materials designation”) the pipe materials designation code CPVC 4120 is
as follows: CPVC is the abbreviation for chlorinated poly(vinyl chloride)
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/80ecc875-8dbb-424a-9bf7-aa41d86f8ba7/astm-f441-f441m-15
3.2.4 standard thermoplastic pipe materials designation as per Terminology D1600, 41 represents Cell Classification 23447 per
code—The pipe materials designation code shall consist of the Specification D1784, and 20 represents a HDS of 2000 psi [14 MPa] for
abbreviation CPVC for the type of plastic, followed by the water at 73ºF (23ºC) per Test Method D2837. In addition, the -05 or -06
suffix represents a HDS of 500 psi [3.4 MPa] or 625 psi [4.3 MPa]
ASTM type and grade in Arabic numerals and the design stress respectively for water at 180ºF [82ºC] per Test Method D2837.
at 73°F [23°C] in units of 100 psi [0.7 MPa] with any decimal
figures dropped, followed by the design stress at 180°F [82°C] 5.3 Rework Material—The manufacturers shall use only
in units of 100 psi [0.7MPa] with any decimal figures dropped. their own clean rework pipe material and the pipe produced
When the design stress code contains less than two figures, a shall meet all the requirements of this specification.
cipher shall be used before the number. Thus a complete
material code shall consist of four letters and six figures for 6. Requirements
CPVC plastic pipe materials (see Section 5). 6.1 Dimensions and Tolerances:
6.1.1 Dimensions and tolerances shall be as shown in Table
4. Classification 1 and Table 2 when measured in accordance with Test Method
4.1 General—This specification covers CPVC pipe made D2122. The tolerances for out-of-roundness shall apply only to
from one (see X1.2) CPVC plastic pipe material in Schedule 40 pipe prior to shipment.
and 80 sizes. 6.1.2 Wall Thickness Range—The wall thickness range shall
not exceed 12 % when measured in accordance with Test
4.2 Hydrostatic Design Stresses—This specification covers Method D2122.
CPVC pipe made from CPVC plastic as defined by hydrostatic
6.2 Sustained Pressure—The pipe shall not fail, balloon,
burst, or weep as defined in Test Method D1598, at the test
4
pressures given in Table 3, when tested in accordance with 8.4.
Available from NSF International, P.O. Box 130140, 789 N. Dixboro Rd., Ann
6.2.1 Accelerated Regression Test—The accelerated regres-
Arbor, MI 48113-0140, http://www.nsf.org.
5
ISO R 161-1960, Pipes of Plastics Materials for the Transport of Fluids sion test shall be used in place of both the sustained and burst
(Outside Diameters and Nominal Pressures) Part 1, Metric Series. pressure tests at the option of the manufacturer. The test shall

2
 F441/F441M − 15
TABLE 1 Outside Diameters and Tolerances for CPVC Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80, in. [mm]
Tolerances
Maximum Out-of-Roundness
(maximum minus minimum diameter)
Nominal Pipe Size Outside Diameter Schedule 40 sizes Schedule 40 sizes
31⁄2 in. and over; 3 in. and less;
Schedule 80 Schedule 80 sizes
sizes 8 in. and over 6 in. and less
⁄ [8]
14 0.540 [13.7] ±0.004 [0.10] ... 0.016 (0.41)
⁄ [10]
38 0.675 [17.1] ±0.004 [0.10] ... 0.016 (0.41)
1⁄2 [15] 0.840 [21.3] ±0.004 [0.10] ... 0.016 (0.41)
3⁄4 [20] 1.050 [26.7] ±0.004 [0.10] ... 0.020 (0.51)
1 [25] 1.315 [33.4] ±0.005 [0.13] ... 0.020 (0.51)
11⁄4 [32] 1.660 [42.2] ±0.005 [0.13] ... 0.024 (0.61)
11⁄2 [40] 1.900 [48.3] ±0.006 [0.15] ... 0.024 (0.61)
2 [50] 2.375 [60.3] ±0.006 [0.15] ... 0.024 (0.61)
21⁄2 [65] 2.875 [73.0] ±0.007 [0.18] ... 0.030 (0.76)
3 [80] 3.500 [88.9] ±0.007 [0.18] ... 0.023 (0.58)
31⁄2 [90] 4.000 [101.6] ±0.008 [0.20] 0.100 (2.54) 0.030 (0.76)
4 [100] 4.500 [114.3] ±0.008 [0.20] 0.100 (2.54) 0.023 (0.58)
5 [125] 5.563 [141.3] ±0.010 [0.25] 0.100 (2.54) 0.060 (1.52)
6 [150] 6.625 [168.3] ±0.011 [0.28] 0.100 (2.54) 0.070 (1.78)
8 [200] 8.625 [219.1] ±0.015 [0.38] 0.150 (3.81) 0.090 (2.29)
10 [250] 10.750 [273.1] ±0.015 [0.38] 0.150 (3.81) 0.100 (2.54)
12 [300] 12.750 [323.9] ±0.015 [0.38] 0.150 (3.81) 0.120 (3.05)
14 [350] 14.000 [355.6] ±0.015 [0.380] 0.200 (5.08) ...
16 [400] 16.000 [406.4] ±0.019 [0.480] 0.320 (8.13) ...
18 [450] 18.000 [457.2] ±0.019 [0.480] 0.360 (9.14) ...
20 [500] 20.000 [508.0] ±0.023 [0.580] 0.400 (10.2) ...
24 [600] 24.000 [609.6] ±0.031 [0.790] 0.480 (12.2) ...

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TABLE 2 Wall Thicknesses and Tolerances for CPVC Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80, in.A,B [mm]
Wall ThicknessA

Nominal Pipe
Size
(https://standards.iteh.ai)
Min
Schedule 40
Tolerance Min
Schedule 80
Tolerance
⁄ [8]
Document Preview
0.088 [2.24] +0.020 [0.51] 0.119 [3.02] +0.020 [0.51]
14

3⁄8 [10] 0.091 [2.31] +0.020 [0.51] 0.126 [3.20] +0.020 [0.51]
1⁄2 [15] 0.109 [2.77] +0.020 [0.51] 0.147 [3.73] +0.020 [0.51]
3⁄4 [20] 0.113 [2.87] +0.020 [0.51] 0.154 [3.91] +0.020 [0.51]
1 [25] 0.133 [3.38] +0.020 [0.51] 0.179 [4.55] +0.021 [0.53]
11⁄4 [32] ASTM F441/F441M-15
0.140 [3.56] +0.020 [0.51] 0.191 [4.85] +0.023 [0.58]
11⁄2 [40] 0.145 [3.68] +0.020 [0.51] 0.200 [5.08] +0.024 [0.61]
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/80ecc875-8dbb-424a-9bf7-aa41d86f8ba7/astm-f441-f441m-15
2 [50] 0.154 [3.91] +0.020 [0.51] 0.218 [5.54] +0.026 [0.66]
21⁄2 [65] 0.203 [5.16] +0.024 [0.61] 0.276 [7.01] +0.033 [0.84]
3 [80] 0.216 [5.49] +0.026 [0.66] 0.300 [7.62] +0.036 [0.91]
31⁄2 [90] 0.226 [5.74] +0.027 [0.68] 0.318 [8.08] +0.038 [0.96]
4 [100] 0.237 [6.02] +0.028 [0.71] 0.337 [8.56] +0.040 [1.02]
5 [125] 0.258 [6.55] +0.031 [0.79] 0.375 [9.52] +0.045 [1.14]
6 [150] 0.280 [7.11] +0.034 [0.86] 0.432 [10.97] +0.052 [1.32]
8 [200] 0.322 [8.18] +0.039 [0.99] 0.500 [12.70] +0.060 [1.52]
10 [250] 0.365 [9.27] +0.044 [1.12] 0.593 [15.06] +0.071 [1.80]
12 [300] 0.406 [10.31] +0.049 [1.24] 0.687 [17.45] +0.082 [2.08]
14 [350] 0.437 [11.10] +0.053 [+1.35] 0.750 [19.05] +0.090 [+2.29]
16 [400] 0.500 [12.70] +0.060 [+1.52] 0.843 [21.14] +0.101 [+2.57]
18 [450] 0.562 [14.27] +0.067 [+1.70] 0.937 [23.80] +0.112 [+2.84]
20 [500] 0.593 [15.06] +0.071 [+1.80] 1.031 [26.91] +0.124 [+3.15]
24 [600] 0.687 [17.45] +0.082 [+2.08] 1.218 [30.94] +0.146 [+3.71]
A
The minimum is the lowest wall thickness of the pipe at any cross section. All tolerances are on the plus side of the minimum requirement.
B
These dimensions conform to nominal IPS dimensions.

be conducted in accordance with 8.4.1. The pipe shall demon- D2837) is zero or negative; or b in the equation h = a + bf in
strate a hydrostatic design basis projection at the 100 000 h Appendix X1 (Test Method D2837) is positive, consider the
intercept that meets the hydrostatic design basis category data unsuitable.
requirement (see Table 1, Test Method D2837) for the CPVC
material used in its manufacture. If the lower confidence value 6.3 Burst Pressure—The minimum burst pressures for
at 100 000 h differs from the extrapolated LTHS value by more CPVC plastic pipe shall be as given in Table 4, when
than 15 % of the latter; or M in Appendix X2 (Test Method determined in accordance with Test Method D1599.

3
 F441/F441M − 15
TABLE 3 Sustained Pressure Test Conditions for Water at 73°F NOTE 6—Color and transparency or opacity should be specified in the
[23°C] for CPVC 4120 Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80 contract or purchase order.
Pressure Required for TestA
8. Test Methods
Nominal Pipe Schedule 40 Schedule 80
Size psi [kPa] psi [kPa] 8.1 Conditioning—Condition the test specimens at 73.4 6
⁄ [8]
14 1640 [11 310] 2370 [16 340] 3.6°F [23 6 2°C] and 50 6 5 % relative humidity for not less
⁄ [10]
38 1310 [9 030] 1930 [13 310] than 40 h prior to test in accordance with Procedure A of
⁄ [15]
12 1250 [8 620] 1780 [12 270] Practice D618, for those tests where conditioning is required.
3⁄4 [20] 1010 [6 960] 1440 [9 930]
1 [25] 950 [6 550] 1320 [9 100] 8.2 Test Conditions—Conduct tests in the standard labora-
11⁄4 [32] 770 [5 310] 1090 [7 520]
11⁄2 [40] 690 [4 760] 990 [6 830]
tory atmosphere of 73 6 3.6°F [23 6 2°C] and 50 6 5 %
2 [50] 580 [4 000] 850 [5 860] relative humidity, unless otherwise specified in the test meth-
21⁄2 [65] 640 [4 410] 890 [6 140] ods or in this specification.
3 [80] 590 [4 070] 790 [5 450]
31⁄2 [90] 500 [3 450] 730 [5 030] 8.3 Sampling—The selection of the sample or samples of
4 [100] 470 [3 240] 680 [4 690] pipe shall be as agreed upon by the purchaser and the seller. In
5 [125] 410 [2 830] 610 [4 210]
6 [150] 370 [2 550] 590 [4 070] case of no prior agreement, any sample selected by the testing
8 [200] 330 [2 280] 520 [3 590] laboratory shall be deemed adequate.
10 [250] 300 [2 070] 490 [3 380] 8.3.1 Test Specimens—Not less than 50 % of the test speci-
12 [300] 280 [1 930] 480 [3 310]
14 [350] 270 [1 890] 470 [3 290] mens required for any pressure test shall have at least a part of
16 [400] 270 [1 890] 470 [3 290] the marking in their central sections. The central section is that
18 [450] 270 [1 890] 460 [3 220]
portion of pipe which is at least one pipe diameter away from
20 [500] 260 [1 820] 460 [3 220]
24 [600] 250 [1 750] 450 [3 150] an end closure.
A
8.4 Sustained Pressure Test—Select the test specimens at
The fiber stress used to derive these test pressures is 4200 psi [29.0 MPa].
random. Test individually with water at the internal pressures
given in Table 3, six specimens of pipe, each specimen at least

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TABLE 4 Burst Pressure Requirements for Water at 73°F [23°C] ten times the nominal diameter in length, but not less than 10
for CPVC 4120 Plastic Pipe, Schedules 40 and 80
in. [250 mm] or more than 3 ft [1000 mm] between end
Minimum Burst PressureA
closures and bearing the permanent marking on the pipe.
Nominal Pipe
Size psi
Schedule 40
(https://standards.iteh.ai)
[kPa] psi
Schedule 80
[kPa]
Maintain the specimens at the pressure indicated for a period of
1000 h. Hold the pressure as closely as possible, but within

Document Preview
1⁄4 [8] 2490 [17 170] 3620 [24 960]
3⁄8 [10] 1990 [13 720] 2940 [20 270]
610 psi [669 kPa]. Condition the specimens at the test
1⁄2 [15] 1910 [13 170] 2720 [18 760] temperature of 736 3.6°F [23 6 2°C]. Test in accordance with
3⁄4 [20] 1540 [10 620] 2200 [15 170] Test Method D1598, except maintain the pressure at the values
1 [25] 1440 [9 930] 2020 [13 930]
1 ⁄4 [32]
1 1180 [8 140] 1660 ASTM 450]
given
[11 F441/F441M-15
in Table 3 for 1000 h. Evidence of failure of the pipe
1 ⁄2 [40]
1 1060 [7 310] 1510 [10 410] shall be as defined in Test Method D1598.
https://standards.iteh.ai/catalog/standards/sist/80ecc875-8dbb-424a-9bf7-aa41d86f8ba7/astm-f441-f441m-15
2 [50] 890 [6 140] 1290 [8 890] 8.4.1 Accelerated Regression Test—Test in accordance with
21⁄2 [65] 970 [6 690] 1360 [9 380]
3 [80] 840 [5 790] 1200 [8 270]
procedures in Test Method D1598, using either free end or
31⁄2 [90] 770 [5 310] 1110 [7 650] restrained end fittings. A minimum of six specimens shall be
4 [100] 710 [4 900] 1040 [7 170] tested. Test three specimens at a single pressure that will result
5 [125] 620 [4 270] 930 [6 410]
6 [150] 560 [3 860] 890 [6 140]
in failures at or below 0.10 h. Test an additional three
8 [200] 500 [3 450] 790 [5 450] specimens at a single pressure that will result in failures at
10 [250] 450 [3 100] 750 [5 170] about 200 h. Additional data points may be generated if
12 [300] 420 [2 900] 730 [5 030]
14 [350] 410 [2 870] 720 [5 040]
necessary to improve the LTHS or LCL, or both. No points
16 [400] 410 [2 870] 710 [4 970] shall be excluded unless an obvious defect is detected in the
18 [450] 410 [2 870] 700 [4 900] failure area of the test sample, or there was an obvious
20 [500] 390 [2 730] 700 [4 900]
24 [600] 380 [2 660] 680 [4 760]
malfunction of the test equipment. Characterize the data using
A
the least-squares regression described in Test Method D2837.
The fiber stress used to derive these test pressures is 6400 psi [44.1 MPa].
NOTE 7—Caution: Since the rupture of the test specimen is expected in
quick burst and high stress regression testing, well shielded test equipment
and protective personal equipment should be used when conducting the
6.4 Flattening—There shall be no evidence of splitting, tests.
cracking, or breaking when the pipe is tested in accordance 8.5 Flattening—Flatten three specimens of the pipe, 2 in.
with 8.5. [50 mm] long, between parallel plates in a suitable press until
the distance between the plates is 40 % of the outside diameter
7. Workmanship, Finish, and Appearance of the pipe or the walls of the pipe touch, whichever occurs
7.1 The pipe shall be homogeneous throughout and free first. The rate of loading shall be uniform and such that the
from visible cracks, holes, foreign inclusions, or other defects. compression is completed within 2 to 5 min. On removal of the
The pipe shall be as uniform as commercially practicable in load examine the specimens for evidence of splitting, cracking,
color, opacity, density, and other physical properties. or breaking.