ST. MICHAEL ARCANGEL TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE INC.

SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL DEPARTMENT

YOUTH ENTREPRENEURSHIP FOR ECONOMIC

DEVELOPMENT STARTUPS: A CASE STUDY OF GRADE 12

GENERAL ACADEMIC STRAND SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL

STUDENT IN ST. MICHAEL ARCANGEL

TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE

A Research Paper Presented to

the Faculty of Basic Education Department

Senior High School General Academic Strand (GAS)

St. Michael Arcangel Technological Institute

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements

In Practical Research II

Balidio, Princess Nicole G.

Delino, Menchie D.

Mejorada, Janna

Mondido, Jennylyn

Pajimna, Jay Arthur

Pastor, Chariel L.

Paule, Jasmine Choy M.

Valencia, Jennylyn

JANUARY 2024

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ABSTRACT
Any society's economic progress has been shown to be

significantly influenced by young people's entrepreneurialism. By

encouraging innovation, fostering competition, generating job

opportunities, and ensuring financial stability, entrepreneurship plays

a critical role in shaping economic progress. This research will

examine how young people's entrepreneurship contributes to

economic growth and to encourage youth to pursue

entrepreneurship. This study will be conducted among 150 Grade 12

General Academic Strand (GAS) students in St. Michael Archangel

Technological Institute.

Data was collected through survey questionnaire. In order to

asses this study, researchers used descriptive method to present a

thorough and accurate representation of the population.

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CHAPTER I
THE PROBLEM AND ITS BACKGROUND
The statement of the problem of this study will be introduced

in this chapter of the research. This includes the Scope and

Limitation, Significance of the Study and Significance of the study.

INTRODUCTION

Economic progress is greatly influenced by

entrepreneurship. A practical and tested route to both economic

development and personal fulfillment is provided by it. Furthermore,

it has been said that entrepreneurship is a key driver of global

economic expansion. Since both developed and developing nations

have high rates of youth unemployment, creating a better

environment for entrepreneurial activities is essential to maximizing

the potential of young people to start businesses. Youth

entrepreneurship contributes to the building of jobs and employment

opportunities. Through entrepreneurship, people can generate both

their own jobs and jobs for others. Young people who launch their

own enterprises increase employment prospects for themselves and

others, lowering the unemployment rate in their areas. The

development of new businesses and procedures is a component of

entrepreneurship. Young people's entrepreneurial endeavors serve

as the nation's cornerstones of socioeconomic development

(Kloepfer and Castrogiovanni, 2018; Widyanti and Rajiani, 2021).

Young individuals with entrepreneurial inclinations are more likely to

take the action rather than rely on government employment

prospects (Liu et al., 2019).

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Entrepreneurs also contribute to the Gross Domestic

Product (GDP), which further supports economic development and

growth. The majority of young people in underdeveloped countries

have few chances of finding jobs in the formal economy for many,

self-employment is their only choice. Developing young people's

entrepreneurial skills can significantly aid in the fight against poverty.

One of the most challenging tasks of the present day is lowering

youth unemployment. ILO (2005) asserts that a decline in young

unemployment can significantly increase a nation's GDP and

generate economic benefits for society. Future leaders with

entrepreneurial traits will be necessary for innovation and economic

progress in the future. Youth entrepreneurship is an important

instrument for fostering sustainable growth, releasing young people's

economic potential, and building the human capital needed for the

future.

Youth entrepreneurship, according to Awogbenle and

Iwamadi (2010), is essential for encouraging innovation and

resilience in young people. Modern theories of growth and

development place a strong emphasis on innovation (Verspagen,

2005). Youth entrepreneurship fosters the growth of new abilities and

experiences that can be used to tackle a variety of other life

difficulties. By offering worthwhile goods and services, youth

entrepreneurship aids in the rehabilitation of nearby towns. The

growth of young entrepreneurs faces various obstacles in many

nations, despite the many advantages. In high-income and

developing nations, these include unfavorable administrative and

regulatory burdens, limited access to finance and the market,

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entrepreneurship education, and company development services

(World Bank 2005); Chigunta(2002).

As mentioned by Hisrich (2007), entrepreneurship is the

process of developing something new and valuable while putting in

the necessary time and effort, taking on the associated financial,

psychological, and social risks, and reaping the financial and

personal fulfillment that comes from being independent. It's still fairly

new to examine young people starting businesses.

However, there are still not many people exhibiting

entrepreneurial habits. This gap between entrepreneurial thoughts

and behavior emphasizes the necessity of initiatives that help today's

youth to improve their entrepreneurial skills.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

This study aims to know the importance of young

entrepreneurship for economic development among students in 12th

grade in St. Michael Arcangel Technological Institute

1. What is the demographic profile of respondents in terms of:

1.1 Name

1.2 Gender

1.3 Age

2. What are the factors affecting youth entrepreneurship in terms

of

2.1 Capital or Financial Stability

2.2 Lack of Support from family

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2.3 Lack of access to technology

3. What are the effects of studying entrepreneurship to Grade 12

students in St. Michael Arcangel Technological Institute in

terms of:

3.1 Cognitive thinking

3.2 Self-esteem

3.3 Social Interaction

4. What are the suggested programs by the researcher for St.

Michael Arcangel Technological Institute that will help the

grade 12 students be more attentive and interested in

entrepreneurship?

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

This study focused on the Youth Entrepreneurship for

Economic Development of GAS Senior High School Students in St.

Michael Archangel Technological Institute. The researcher will

conduct a survey to Grade 12 General Academic Strand students in

St. Michael Archangel Technological Institute.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

To the Students - This research study is a great help to

students to study hard and expand their knowledge about the

importance of entrepreneurship and how it will be a good aspect in

the country's economy.

To the Parent - According to research, having an

entrepreneurial parents can significantly influence how enterprising

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future generations turn out. This study may help the parents to guide

or support their children more as they try to grow or develop

entrepreneurship.

Developing entrepreneurship competence among students requires

the mastery of concepts by teachers. This study may help the

teachers to make students more understand the development mode

of entrepreneurship.

To the Teachers - Developing entrepreneurship competence

among students requires the mastery of concepts by teachers. This

study may help the teachers to make students more understand the

development mode of entrepreneurship.

To the Administrators - By implementing the suggested

action plan, school administrators will gain from the study's findings

by encouraging more kids to get involved in and enthused about

youth entrepreneurship and teaching them about the significance of

the study for economic growth.

To the Future Researcher - The study will aid future

researchers with relevant data and information to improve their

research on similar topics and to further demonstrate the youth

entrepreneurship for economic development startups.

To the Future Young Entrepreneur - Young entrepreneurs

can become more focused by using the research study to assist them

constantly look for or seek out opportunities to gain crucial skills like

teamwork, critical thinking, invention, and more.

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CHAPTER II

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

This chapter comes out with related literature and studies that

support this research. This comes with theoretical framework, and

conceptual framework.

RELATED LITERATURE

As stated by Dragan, Dejan, Srđan, Mihalj (2020) young

entrepreneurship has a favorable impact on economic growth,

unemployment rates, market value creation, national

competitiveness, and living standards. But the analysis discovered a

conflict between students' attitudes and their plans to launch their

own firms. This runs counter to earlier findings and implies that

additional factors may affect how attitudes become intentions. By

examining factors influencing young entrepreneurship and

entrepreneurship dynamics in transitional environments, the

research adds to the body of previous literature. Meta-analysis of

data from diverse categories should be a part of future study to

extend the body of knowledge.

Youth entrepreneurship has been acknowledged as a vital

engine for economic development in any society, according to Martin

P. (2020) Role of Entrepreneurship in Economic Development. By

encouraging innovation, fostering competition, generating job

opportunities, and ensuring financial stability, entrepreneurship plays

a critical role in shaping economic progress. Young entrepreneurs in

particular have a special chance to use technology to influence their

communities by introducing novel goods, services, and concepts.

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The contribution of young entrepreneurship to economic

development will be discussed in this essay. Youth entrepreneurship

helps the economy become more diverse. Young entrepreneurs

contribute to economic diversification by launching enterprises in

several industries, which lessens reliance on particular industry. As

a society's economic basis is widened and strengthened, more

diversification encourages economic stability. Additionally, having

numerous small and medium-sized businesses lowers the possibility

of a monopoly, which might impede competition and restrict

innovation. Resilience in the economy is encouraged by

entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurship acts as a vital lifeline for both

individuals and the economy during economic downturns. Young

businesspeople have a high level of resilience, which allows them to

see opportunities even in trying economic times and come up with

adaptable solutions to deal with them.

Many businesses were unable to function after the Covid-19

outbreak, which prevented economic progress. People who are poor

will be particularly badly struck by the economic repercussions of

Covid-19, according to Delivorias and Nicole (2020), because they

do not have enough savings to guard themselves from financial ruin.

As mentioned by UNHCR (2020), working youth are less likely

than jobless young to be impacted by Covid-19. Since many people

now work from home, many households are rethinking turning their

homes into offices. Real estate sales suffered as a result of the

pandemic (Gascon & Haas, 2020).

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The goal of the formal degree program in entrepreneurship,

which is available at the undergraduate and graduate levels (BS, MS,

and PhD), is to give budding entrepreneurs official training. Banks

and other financial institutions must reserve a specific portion of their

loan portfolio for the capital needs of small and medium-sized firms.

Programs that help SMEs enhance their entrepreneurial skills are

offered by the Department of Trade and Industry's Bureau of Small

and Medium Enterprise Development. A new mindset is emerging

among Filipino young, who increasingly see entrepreneurship as a

competitive alternative to work. With the introduction of formal

academic degrees in entrepreneurship, industrial assistance, new

graduate partnerships on start-ups, and increased interest from civil

societies/NGOs in fostering entrepreneurial development and

activities, the infrastructure for enabling this is gradually

strengthening. (GEM, 2019)

According to Gema Reyes (2020), research revealed that

attitudes toward agricultural entrepreneurship had a strong positive

and direct impact on perceived attractiveness and perceived

feasibility, which in turn had an impact on agribusiness

entrepreneurship intention. Perceived behavioral control and

perceived backing from the government both significantly influenced

perceived feasibility. The findings emphasize the significance of

favorably influencing young Filipinos' attitudes toward agriculture

entrepreneurship so that more of them will view it as desired and

doable. Young people may feel they are capable of starting an agro

venture and may be able to rely on government assistance, but they

may not necessarily wish to do so, according to the sole impact of

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perceived behavioral control and perceived government support on

perceived feasibility. Thus, it is important that interventions towards

promoting agribusiness entrepreneurship should target first those

who have the desire to go into agribusiness, as the possibility of

actually putting up their own agribusiness is likely to be higher.

In order to train and develop students' entrepreneurial skills

and refine their talents and potential to become more competent

entrepreneurs and more entrepreneurially minded people,

entrepreneurship should, like any other profession, be taught in a

formal education system. Additionally, it should be mentioned that

developing one's own entrepreneurial skills is crucial for seizing

chances and locating resources for businesses (Domingo A.).

RELATED STUDIES

Young people are seen as potential human resources and future

leaders, therefore a study by Farhana Ferdousi, Parveen Mahmud,

and Kazi Tanvir Mahmud found that they are mostly responsible for

the advancement of the world economy. By promoting the usage of

entrepreneurship skills among the youth, a nation may make great

strides. The majority of young people worldwide (about 85%) reside

in emerging nations in Asia. Even in industrialized nations, young

unemployment has become a serious issue, and the rate has,

regrettably, been rising over time in many of these nations. A nation's

economy will suffer if young unemployment rises. Finding a well-

paying job in the formal sector is challenging for young people. They

primarily work in the unorganized sector in low-paying, subpar

occupations. As a result, youth employment has emerged as a

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crucial policy concern for both national and global development

organizations.

Youth entrepreneurship is thought to boost job prospects,

create resilience and ingenuity in young people, as well as their

sense of social and cultural identity, all of which support

empowerment. Every nation is now worried about how critical it is for

young people to learn entrepreneurial abilities in order to combat

economic crises or recessions. As a result, several initiatives are

being introduced by the multilateral organizations for youngsters to

start or facilitate business operations, such as entrepreneurship

education, financial literacy training, and credit programs.

The investigation done by Analyn et al. seeks to research

entrepreneurship education as a core subject in 2019, as well as to

gauge and ascertain its efficacy. However, Analyn et al. (2019) assert

that a rising body of academic research has looked into the value of

entrepreneurship education as a foundational subject for student

development. According to Kerry et al. (2020), who advocate for

entrepreneurship education, society needs commitment to give kids

the skills and knowledge they need to succeed in uncharted territory.

Education in entrepreneurship has the capacity to provide young

people with the necessary curriculum and competencies.

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THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK

The notion that will serve as the study's anchor and main

support is covered below. The theory put out will also assist the

researchers in posing solutions and enhancing the validity and

reliability of the investigation.

Economic Entrepreneurship Theory

Richard Cantillon, who thought that one of the areas

impacted by entrepreneurship was the economy, put out this theory.

An entrepreneur, in Cantillon's view, performs both roles of

"producers" and "exchangers." The supply chain that gathers raw

materials to make finished goods for consumers is significantly

impacted by an entrepreneur's behavior. Cantillon included everyone

as an entrepreneur because they all have sources of unfixed income,

from beggars to restaurant owners; this qualifies as a distinctive

element and set his thesis apart from other entrepreneurship

theories. A nation's economy can flourish as a result of an

entrepreneur's profound influence on the market.

CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK

The IPO model served as a guide for the research's progress. Figure

1 illustrates the conceptual framework of Youth Entrepreneurship for

Economic Development Startups: A case study of Grade 12 GAS Senior

High school Student of St. Michael Arcangel Technological Institute

In IPO method there are 3 stages: Input, Process and Output. The

model illustrates that the study's problem, upon which the researchers built

their problem statements, is included in the input. The process involves

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procedure on how will researcher find a solution. The output shows the

possible outcome of the research.

INPUT PROCESS OUTPUT

The
1. What are the
researcher
demographic profile of Data Gathering
plans to have
respondents in terms of: analysis through
a program that
1.1 Name Survey will discuss
Questionnaire the youth
1.2 Gender
entrepreneurs
Google forms
1.3 Age hip for
economic
2. What are the
development
factors affecting youth
and it will be a
entrepreneurship in
opportunity for
terms of
students to
2.1 Capital or learn more
Financial Stability skills and to
be more
2.2 Lack of
knowledgeabl
Support from family
e about
2.3 Lack of building their
access to technology own
businesses.
3. What are the
effects of studying
entrepreneurship to
Grade 12 students in St.
Michael Arcangel
Technological Institute in
terms lf: Figure 1. Conceptual Paradigm
3.1 Cognitive
thinking

3.2 Self-esteem

3.3 Social
Interaction

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DEFINITION OF TERMS

Definition of Terms

Gross Domestic Product (GDP) - a country's official method

for calculating the value added produced through the production of

products and services over a specific time period. As a result, it also

accounts for income generated from that output or total expenditures

on finished goods and services.

Micro and Small Enterprises (MSE) – These are companies

that operate in the formal and unofficial economic sectors and have

between 5 and under 20 employees.

Self-employment – Owning and running a small business as

a means of support; working on one's own dime, frequently in the

unorganized sector.

Unemployment – People who are capable and wanting to

work yet are unable to find adequate paid employment.

Youth Entrepreneurs – Any young person working in a legal

business of any kind.

Youth Entrepreneurship – This entails educating children

and students about the prospects and reality of working for and

owning small businesses.

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Hypothesis

The researchers proposed one hypothesis in this research. An

alternative hypothesis. Young entrepreneurship has an effect in the

development of the economy.

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CHAPTER III

METHODOLOGY

Methodology

This Chapter will discuss the methods and procedures used

in the study. The following information provides details on the

research design, instrumentation, population of the study, and

statistical treatment.

Research Design

Research design is the procedures for collecting, analyzing,

interpreting, and reporting data in research studies. (Creswell &

Plano Clark, 2007). The researcher attempted to get the answer to

the problem and to satisfy the objectives of the study. In this study,

the researcher used descriptive method. Surveys, observational

research, and case studies are examples of descriptive research

techniques. Descriptive research seeks to characterize the

correlations, patterns, and trends found in the data as well as to

provide a complete and accurate picture of the population or

phenomenon under study (Shrutika,2022).

Research Locale

The study will be conducted in St. Michael Arcangel Technological

Institute. This research will be conducted among grade 12 students under

General Academic Strand.

Instrumentation

The researchers composed the survey questionnaire through

google form to gather data from the respondents. The researchers

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adopted the Likert Scale to quickly determine how well, attentive and

enthusiastic the students can manage business in the future.

This research produces five expansive questions:

respondent's demographic profile; factors affecting youth

entrepreneurship in terms of: capital or financial stability, lack of

support from family and lack of accessibility to technology.

Furthermore, the specific effects of studying entrepreneurship to

Grade 12 students in St. Michael Arcangel Technological Institute will

also be answered.

The evaluation form, which contains the evaluation standards

that the student must meet, is used to collect data. It will be

necessary to use the evaluation form to determine whether the

student can manage a business effectively. This research will have a

rating scale to quickly determine how well or poorly the student can

manage a business in the future.

Rating Scale:

SCALE RANGE VERBAL

INTERPRETATION

5 4.01- 5.00 STONGLY

AGREE

4 3.01-4.00 AGREE

3 2.01-3.00 NEUTRAL

2 1.01-2.00 DISAGREE

1 0.01-1.00 STRONGLY

DISAGREE

The rating scale will help to easily identify the capability of

grade 12 students.

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Statistical Treatment

In order to get a variety of information from the respondents,

the researchers made questionnaire that will help to make the

method of gathering information better and organized. The questions

will be given to students in grade 12 General Academic Strand from

the school of St. Michael Archangel Technological Institute to find out

their different opinions and reflections regarding the young

entrepreneurship for economic development startups. To collect the

data, the researchers used a quantitative method, make it organized

and place it in a Likert scale.

Slovin’s Formula

This formula will be use by the researchers to see how many

respondents are there in the population.

Formula to be use by the researchers:

n=N/(1+Ne²)

Where:

n= number of samples

N= total papulation

e= margin of errors

Percentage

This will employ to properly verify the distribution of the

demographic profile of the respondents.

Formula to be use by the researchers:

%= X/Y (100)

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Where:

%= percentage

Y= total number of respondents

X= frequency

100 is constant value

Weighted Mean

The researchers adopted this formula to quickly identify and

organized the different thoughts and opinion of Grade 12 students

taking the strand of GAS at St. Michael Archangel Technological

Institute in regards to the young entrepreneurship for economic

development.

Formula to be use by the researchers:

x=x/n

Where:

x= weighted mean

x= summative scores

n= total number of respondents

Population of the Study

The researcher needs 150 general academic strand (GAS)

students in grade 12 to be the respondents to this survey. Since

entrepreneurship will affect future economic growth, it is crucial for

them to have a deeper understanding of it.

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Sampling Technique

The respondents for this study were chosen by simple random

selection. This method was used to guarantee that everyone in the

population has a fair chance of being picked for the study. The study

will primarily concentrate on grade 12 GAS students at St. Michael

Arcangel Technological Institute Out of 241 Grade 12 GAS Senior

High School pupils, 150 Grade 12 students were selected to

participate in the study using Slovin's Formula based on the

percentage of their population.

Data Gathering Procedure

Data gathering is one of the most important things to consider,

since in this section you will learn how the researchers are going to

collect the data.

First, researchers made a request letter to the research

adviser Mr. Aniceto B. Amaca Jr., senior high school principal Ms.

Vanessa Ferrer, and Mr. Aaron Gregorio to conduct a survey to 150

grade 12 GAS students. The researcher conducts this survey

through google form. Then, researchers will give the respondents

enough time to answer the questionnaire or google form. Lastly, once

the data gathering was done, researchers will analyze the data they

gather from the respondents.

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CHAPTER IV

PRESENTATION, INTERPRETATION AND DATA

ANALYSIS

This chapter presents the data gathered from the respondents

at St. Michael Archangel Technological Institute INC. Based on the

statement of the problem indicated in the chapter, the researchers

personally distributed the questionnaire to determine the validity and

reliability of the data.

1. Profile of the respondents

Table 1.1

Gender of the Responded

Gender Frequency %

Male 61 40.7%

Female 68 45.3%

LGBTQIA+ 13 8.7%

Prefer Not To Say 8 5.3%

TOTAL 150 100%

The Table 1.1 shows the profile of the respondents according

to their gender. This table shows that the male respondents are sixty

(61) with a percentage of 40.7%. The female respondents are sixty-

eight (68) with a percentage of 45.3%. LGBTQIA+ are thirteen (13)

with a percentage of 8.7% while the respondents who chose not to

state their sex are eight (8) with a percentage of 5.3%.

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According to this data, the female respondents have a

majority number followed by the male respondents according to their

gender.

Table 1.2

Age of the Respondents

Age Frequency %

16-18 years old 76 50.7%

19-21 years old 63 42%

22 years and 11 7.3%

above

TOTAL 150 100%

The table above shows the profile of respondents according

to their age. In this table, we can see that the respondents who are

16-18 years old are seventy-five (76) with a percentage of 50.7%.

The respondents who are 19-21 years of age are sixty-three (63) with

a percentage of 42%. And lastly, the respondents aged 22 and above

are eleven (11) with a percentage of 7.3%.

The table states that there are majority numbers of students

in 16-18 years of age that answered the survey conducted by the

researchers.

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2. Factors affecting youth entrepreneurship in terms of

stability.

Questions WX̅ Verbal Rank

Interpretation

I can’t start my own

business because I 3.64 Agree 5

don’t have money.

I’d love to start my

business in a young age

but my parents doesn’t 3.73 Agree 4

have much money to

support me.

Lack of money/capital is

one of my problem

especially when I’m

going to buy some 3.94 Agree 3

useful tools, machine or

even equipment for my

business.

I’m still saving money

for my future business. 4.07 Strongly Agree 1

My idea and interest on

business might be very 4.02 Strongly Agree 2

useful only if I can start

it with a small capital

Average Weighted

Mean 3.23 Agree

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The Table 2.1 presents the factors affecting youth

entrepreneurship of Grade 12 students at St. Michael Arcangel

Technological Institute, INC. in terms of capital or financial stability.

The Average Weighted Mean of respondent's assessment is 3.23

described as “Agree”.

As assessed by the respondents, they are still saving money

for their future business. According to Rimamnde Rikwentishe et

al., saving is an important tool for capital accumulation and

formation, which boosts economic growth and development by

investing the saved funds.

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Table 2.2 Factors affecting youth entrepreneurship in terms of

Lack of Support from Family.

Questions WX̅ Verbal Rank

Interpretation

My parents keep

telling me to stop

thinking about 3.37 Agree 3

starting a business

I’d love to start my

own business but

no one is 3.3 Agree 5

supporting me

It is hard for me to

start my own 3.76 Agree 2

business alone.

Family’s support is

one of the biggest

need of a young 4.19 Strongly Agree 1

entrepreneur.

Other people

would make fun of

me if they would 3.4 Agree 4

knew that even my

family did not

support me.

Average

Weighted Mean 3.01 Agree

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The table 2.2 exposes the respondent's assessment

regarding the specific factors affecting youth entrepreneurship at

Grade 12 Students in St. Michael Archangel Technological Institute

in terms of lack of support from family. The Average Weighted Mean

of respondent’s assessments in regards to this is 3.01 described as

“Agree”. Family's support to a young entrepreneur is one of the

biggest needs of them.

Ben Nejib M. and Syrine K. stated that parents should be

conscious that training their children toward entrepreneurship begins

at home. As a result, their role in encouraging the advancement of

independence is critical. Parents should also introduce their children

to family entrepreneurs in order to build on their success.

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Table 2.3 Factors affecting youth entrepreneurship in terms of

Lack of Access to Technology

Questions WX̅ Verbal Rank

Interpretation

If I were to start a food

business, I may need

some tools/machines 3.99 Strongly Agree 2

that can be used by the

help of technology.

It may be hard for me to

start a business if I can’t 3.75 Agree 4

use modern technology.

Access to technology

has the power to

transform and empower

individuals/communities 3.56 Strongly Agree 5

that might be useful in

business.

Technology makes our

lives better including 4.08 Strongly Agree 1

businesses.

Not everyone has

access to technology. 3.87 Agree 3

Average Weighted

Mean 3.21 Agree

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The Table 2.3 is all about the factors affecting youth

entrepreneurship in terms of lack of access to technology. The

Average Weighted Mean of respondent's assesment in regards to

lack of access to technology is 3.21 described as " Agree " The

respondents believed that having an access to the technology has

the power to transform and empower individuals and communities

that might be useful in business.

According to Dahlstrand, technology-based entrepreneurship

is a largely localized phenomena in which local large enterprises play

an essential role in the training and breeding of future entrepreneurs.

Because they entail the dissemination and sharing of technological

and managerial expertise within the region, spinoff processes are

expected to improve regional knowledge development and learning

processes.

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Table 3.1 Effects of studying entrepreneurship in terms of

Cognitive Thinking.

Questions WX̅ Verbal Rank

Interpretation

I am able to process

my ideas in a certain 4.11 Strongly Agree 4

business.

I can gain knowledge

in studying

Entrepreneurship. 4.19 Strongly Agree 2

Knowing about Youth

Entrepreneurship

can lead to decisions 4.21 Strongly Agree 1

and actions in

starting a business.

When someone is

talking about youth

entrepreneurship, I 4.05 Strongly Agree 5

can give my full

attention.

Studying
entrepreneurship
can help me be
aware of the
economy, and it can 4.15 Strongly Agree 3
help me learn
something.

Average Weighted 3.45 Agree

The table above is regarding the effect of studying

entrepreneurship in terms of Cognitive Thinking. The Average

Weighted Mean of the respondent's assessment in terms of cognitive

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thinking is 3.45 that described as "Agree". It's a fact that having a

knowledge about youth entrepreneurship can turn into decision and

actions in starting business.

EA Dioneo-Adetayo mentioned that a study was conducted to

explore young people's outlook on entrepreneurship programs. The

objective was to pinpoint the factors contributing to the potential of

youth entrepreneurs, analyze external elements affecting their

attitude towards entrepreneurship programs, assess the extent of

these influences, and identify factors perceived as beneficial or

hindering in the development of youth entrepreneurial skills.

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Table 3.2 Effects of studying entrepreneurship in terms of Self-

esteem.

Questions WX̅ Verbal Rank

Interpretation

Others may have fun

of me and laugh at me

if they would found out 3.60 Agree 5

that I want to create a

business.

Self-confidence is the

cornerstone of 4.1 Strongly Agree 4

entrepreneurial

success.

Studying

entrepreneurship can

help me value and

perceive myself and 4.04 Strongly Agree 3

my interest in

business.

It can help me realize

that self-esteem

requires dedication,

resilience and an 4.16 Strongly Agree 1

unyielding belief in one

self.

Entrepreneurs with

high self-esteem take

over a big 4.13 Strongly Agree 2

responsibility, dare

more and achieve

more.

Average Weighted

Mean 3.39 Agree

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The table above shows the effects of studying

entrepreneurship in terms of Self-Esteem. Self-esteem refers to an

individual's overall opinion or assessment of their own worth and

value. The Average Weighted Mean of the respondent's assessment

in terms of the self-esteem is 3.39 described as "Agree". Self-esteem

required dedication, resilience and unyielding belief in one self.

Hanzla Ahmed asserted that the positive connection between

individuals' self-efficacy and organization-based self-esteem

contributes to their perception of employability. This perception, in

turn, acts as a mediator in the correlation between self-efficacy and

career success, as well as between self-esteem and career success.

The study delves into theoretical and practical implications, outlines

directions for future research, and acknowledges the study's

limitations.

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Table 3.3 Effects of studying entrepreneurship in terms of

Social Interaction.

QUESTIONS WX Verbal Rank

Interpretation

One cannot conduct

proper business if

they are unable to 3.91 Agree 4

communicate.

Young entrepreneurs

are more likely to

make healthy 3.88 Agree 5

choices.

It improves well-

being and will avoid

awkwardness in 4.03 Strongly Agree 2

work place.

Social interaction

stimulate household

entrepreneurship by

promoting 3.94 Agree 3

household

information

acquisition.

Interacting with

people can gain trust

and help improve or 4.13 Strongly Agree 1

promote business.

Average Weighted 3.32 Agree

Mean

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The Table 3.3 shows the effects of studying entrepreneurship

in terms of Social Interaction. Social interaction refers to the

exchange and communication between individuals in a social setting,

involving verbal and non-verbal cues, shared activities, and the

establishment of relationships. The Average Weighted Mean of the

respondent's assessment in regards to this is 3.32 described as

"Agree”. Social interaction improves worker well-being and can

protect against harmful effect of workplace stress.

According to Victor Cui et.al, a positive correlation exists

between the variety of social interactions within a community and an

individual's social trust in the workplace, with no significant cultural

differences. Additionally, the diversity of social interactions in the

workplace is positively linked to social trust, but this association is

observed specifically in collectivistic cultures.

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CHAPTER V

SUMMARY OF FINDINGS, CONCLUSION AND

RECOMMENDATIONS

This chapter presents the data gathered for summary of

findings. And the conclusions are drawn, also the recommendations

are offered too.

Summary of Findings

The information supplied via the survey questionnaire was

presented as frequency, percentage, equivalent points,

corresponding weighted mean, and weighted average, descriptive

rating and rank This study examines the senior high students what’s

the factors affecting youth entrepreneurship and the effects of

studying this.

Precisely, it seeks to answer the following questions:

1. What is the profile of Senior High School students of St.

Michael Archangel Technological Institute?

1.1 Name

1.2 Gender

1.3 Age

In terms of gender, the male respondents are sixty-one (61)

with a percentage of 40.7%. The female respondents are sixty-eight

(68) with a percentage of 45.3%. LGBTQIA+ are thirteen (13) with a

percentage of 8.7% while the respondents who chose not to state

their gender identity are eight (8) with a percentage of 5.3%.

In terms of age, the respondents who are 16-18 years old are

seventy-six (76) with a percentage of 50.7%. The respondents who

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are 19-21 years of age are sixty-three (63) with a percentage of 42%.

And lastly, the respondents aged 22 and above are eleven (11) with

a percentage of 7.3%.

What are the factors affecting youth entrepreneurship in terms of:

2.1 Capital or Financial Stability

2.2 Lack of Support from family

2.3 Lack of access to technology

Respondent’s Assessment in terms of Capital /financial stability

The Average Weighted Mean of respondent's assessment is

3.23 with a verbal interpretation of “Agree”. Capital and financial

stability has an effect in starting a business.

Respondent’s Assessment in terms of Lack of Support from

family

The Average Weighted Mean of respondent’s assessments in

regards to this is 3.01 described as “Agree”. Family's support to a

young entrepreneur is one of the biggest needs of them.

Respondent’s Assessment in terms of Lack of access to

technology

The Average Weighted Mean of respondent's assessment in

regards to lack of access to technology is 3.21 with a verbal

interpretation of “Agree”. Technology is essential in the development

of a business.

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3. What are the effects of studying entrepreneurship to Grade 12

students in St. Michael Arcangel Technological Institute in

terms lf:

3.1 Cognitive thinking

3.2 Self-esteem

3.3 Social Interaction

Respondent’s Assessment in terms of Cognitive Thinking

The average weighted mean of respondents' ratings for

Cognitive Thinking is 3.45, with a verbal interpretation of "Agree”.

Studying entrepreneurship can help to strengthen the mental

processes that humans utilize to think, read, learn, recall, reason,

pay attention, and, eventually, digest information and convert it into

knowledge. People can then apply this knowledge to make decisions

and take actions in starting a business.

Respondent’s Assessment in terms of Self-esteem

The average weighted mean of respondents' ratings in this

regard is 3.39, which is classified as "Agree." Studying

entrepreneurship can help a students enhance their self-esteem or

confidence.

Respondent’s Assessment in terms of Social Interaction

The average weighted mean of respondents' evaluations for

Social Interaction is 3.32, with a verbal interpretation of "Agree". The

quality of interaction at the workplace has an impact on someone's

health and well-being. Evidence suggests that positive social

connections at work, helpful interactions, a sense of belonging, and

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effective cooperation increase worker well-being and can guard

against the negative impacts of workplace stress.

Conclusion

1. The profile of respondents

The majority of respondents are females. Majority of their ages

are between 16-18 and most of them wanted to be a young

entrepreneurs

2. According to the respondents, they are still saving money for

their future business in terms of capital or financial stability. In

regards to lack of support from family, one of the biggest

needs of a young entrepreneur is a family’s support. In terms

of access to technology, the respondents believed that having

an access to the technology has the power to transform and

empower individuals and communities that might be useful in

business.

3. As assessed by the respondents, in terms of cognitive thinking,

having a knowledge about entrepreneurship can turn into

decision and actions in starting business in terms of self-

esteem, it requires dedication, resilience, and unyielding

belief in one self. When it comes to social interaction, it

improves worker well-being and can protect against harmful

effect of workplace stress.

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Recommendation

Based from the summary of finding, data gathered and

conclusion made, the researcher formed a recommendation.

1. The school is recommended to conduct a program called

"Empowering Young Entrepreneurs in Fostering Economic

Development through Start-ups." This is an excellent initiative

that will assist young entrepreneurs in pursuing their

aspirations to start a business. In this program, we can provide

valuable lessons, guidance, and advice to support them. The

researchers recommend implementing interactive workshops,

mentorship programs, and real-world projects to enhance

students' attentiveness and interest in entrepreneurship.

Additionally, incorporating guest lectures by successful

entrepreneurs, organizing entrepreneurial competitions, and

facilitating networking opportunities can further engage and

inspire students in the field of entrepreneurship.

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