JOINT CANADA-UNITED STATES

ANSI/CAN/UL NATIONAL STANDARD

1821:2019

STANDARD FOR SAFETY

Thermoplastic Sprinkler Pipe and

Fittings for Fire Protection Service

Standards Council of Canada

ANSI Conseil canadien des normes

ANSI/UL 1821-2019
SCC FOREWORD

National Standard of Canada

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and standards development organizations. A list of SCC programs and accredited bodies is publicly available at
www.scc.ca.
JULY 30. 2019 ‘ANSI/CANRJL 1821:2019 tr1

UL Standard for Safety for Thermoplastic Sprinkler Pipe and Fittings for Fire Protection Service, ANSI/
CAN/UL 1821:2019

Fourth Edition, Dated July 30, 2019

Summary of Topics

This new edition of ANSI/CAN/UL 1821 includes Canadian requirements for Combustible Piping for
Sprinkler Systems, and requirements for Pipe and Fittings Embedded in Concrete.

The new requirements are substantially in accordance with Proposal (s) on this subject dated January 4,
2019.

All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form by any means, electronic,, mechanical photocopying, recording, or otherwise
without prior permission of UL

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Standard on the purchaser's computer system.
tr2 JULY 30. 2019 - ANSIJCANAJL 1821:2019

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JULY 30, 2019

ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019

Standard for Thermoplastic Sprinkler Pipe and Fittings for Fire Protection

Service

Prior to the first edition, the requirements for the products covered by this standard
were included in the Outline of Investigation for Thermoplastic Sprinkler Pipe and
Fittings for Fire Protection Service, Subject 1821.

First Edition - December, 1994

Second Edition - April, 2003
Third Edition - August, 2015

Fourth Edition

July 30,2019

This ANSI/CAN/UL Safety Standard consists of the Fourth Edition.

The most recent designation of ANSI/UL 1821 as an American National Standard

(ANSI) occurred on July 30, 2019. ANSI approval for a standard does not include
the Cover Page, Transmittal Pages, Title Page, Preface or SCC Foreword.

This standard has been designated as a National Standard of Canada (NSC),

COPYRIGHT ® 2019 UNDERWRITERS LABORATORIES INC.

2 ANSUCAN/UL 1821:2019 JULY 30, 2019

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JULY 30, 2019 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 3

CONTENTS

Preface..................................................................................................................... .....5

INTRODUCTION

1 Scope......................................... ....................................................................................................... 9
2 Components........................................................................................................................................ 9
3 Units of Measurement ......................................................................................................................9
4 Undated References ........................................................................................................................ 10
5 Reference Publications............................................................................................................... 10
6 Terminology......................................................... ......................................... ,..................... ........ 10
7 Glossary........................... 10
8 Use in Environmental Air Handling Spaces .............................................. .................................. 11

CONSTRUCTION

9 General....................................... ....11
10 Rated Pressure .......................................................................................................................... 12
11 Rated Temperature............................................ 12

PERFORMANCE

12 General .......................... 12
13 Fire Exposure Test ......................................................................................................................... 12
13.1 General.............................................................................................................................. 12
13.2 Fire test with low flowing pressure ............................................... 13
13 3 Fire test with maximum rated flowing pressure .............................................................. 17
13 .4 Fire exposure test - unfinished basement application..................................................... 17
13.5 Fire exposure test- vertical piping application .......................... 17
14 Pipe Coefficient of Friction Test ..................................................................................................... 18
15 Fitting Equivalent Length Test ........................................................................................ 19
16 Crush Resistance Test....................................... ............................................................................ 19
17 Stress- Corrosion Cracking of Stainless Steel Parts Test.............................................................. 19
18 Flexural Test............................. ................................................................... ....20
19 Impact Resistance Test.................................................................................................................. 22
20 Vibration Test..................................................... 22
21 High Pressure Sprinkler Operation Test ........... ........................................................ 24
22 Kinking Test............................................................. 25
23 Assembly Test ......................... 25
24 Leakage and Hydrostatic Pressure Test........................................................................................ 26
25 Pressure Cycling Test ................. 27
26 Temperature Cycling Test .............................................................................................................. 27
27 10-Day Moist Ammonia Air Stress Cracking Test ......................................................................... 27
28 Long-Term Hydrostatic Pressure Test ............................................................................. 28
29 Environmental Exposure Tests ...................................................................................................... 29
29.1 General.............................................................................................................................. 29
29.2 Test method................................................................................................... 29
29.3 Water immersion exposure .............................................................................................. 30
29.4 Air oven aging exposure.................................................................................................. .30
29.5 Light and water exposure.................................................................................................. 30
30 Concrete Embedment Test............................................................................................................. 31
31 Marking Permanency Test........ ................................................................................................. 31
4 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 JULY 30, 2019

MANUFACTURING AND PRODUCTION TESTS

32 General.........................................................................................................................................33
33 Wall Thickness Monitoring ............................................................................................................. 33

MARKINGS

34 General ........................................................................................................................................... 33
35 Pipe........................................................................................................................... 33
36 Fittings ............................................................................................................................................ 33

INSTRUCTIONS

37 Installation and Design Manual................................................................................................... ..34

ANNEX A

Standards for Components........... .......................... ..36

JULY 30, 2019 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 5

Preface
This is the Fourth Edition of the ANSI/CAN/UL 1S21. Standard for Thermoplastic Sprinkler Pipe and
Fittings for Fire Protection Service.

UL is accredited by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) and the Standards Council of
Canada (SCC) as a Standards Development Organization (SDO).

This Standard has been developed in compliance with the requirements of ANSI and SCC for
accreditation of a Standards Development Organization,

This ANSI/CAN/UL 1821 Standard is under continuous maintenance, whereby each revision is approved
in compliance with the requirements of ANSI and SCC for accreditation of a Standards Development
Organization. In the event that no revisions are issued for a period of four years from the date of
publication, action to revise, reaffirm, orwithdrawthe standard shall be initiated.

This Fourth Edition Joint National Standard and National Standard of Canada is based on, and now
supersedes, the Third Edition of UL 1821, Standard for Thermoplastic Sprinkler Pipe and Fittings for Fire
Protection Service, and the Second Edition of ULC/ORD-C199P, Combustible Piping for Sprinkler
Systems.

In Canada, there are two official languages, English and French All safety warnings must be in French
and English. Attention is drawn to the possibility that some Canadian authorities may require additional
markings and/or installation instructions to be in both official languages.

Comments or proposals for revisions on any part of the Standard may be submitted to UL at any time.
Proposals should be submitted via a Proposal Request in UL's On-Line Collaborative Standards
Development System (CSDS) at http://csds.ul.com.

UL's Standards for Safety are copyrighted by UL. Neither a printed nor electronic copy of a Standard
should be altered in any way. All of UL's Standards and all copyrights, ownerships, and rights regarding
those Standards shall remain the sole and exclusive property of UL.

To purchase UL Standards, visit the UL Standards Sales Site at

http://www.shopulstandards.com/HowToOrder.aspx or call tollfree 1-888-853-3503.

This Edition of the Standard has been formally approved by the UL Standards Technical Panel (STP) on
Thermoplastic Sprinkler Pipe and Fittings for Fire Protection Service, STP 1821.
6 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 JULY 30,2019

This list represents the STP 1821 membership when the final text in this standard was balloted. Since that
time, changes in the membership may have occurred.

STP 1821 Membership

Name Representing Interest Category Region

J. Bittenbander Rehau Inc. Producer USA
A. Black Carmel Fire Protection Associates AHJ/Regulator USA
M. Carassciulis Insurance Engineering Services General Interest Ontario
G. Carrier PGA Experts Inc. General Interest Quebec
G. Colavecchia Canturion Fira Control Supply Chain Ontario
R. Fleming National Fire Sprinkler General Interest USA
Association
J. Gardiner North Bay Fire & Emergency AHJ/Regulatur Ontario
Services
L. Gill IP EX USA LLC Producer Ontario
Diane Haithcock Underwriters Laboratories Inc. STP C h a i r - Non- voting USA
M. Harwood iv3CUS/iv3 Solutions General Interest Ontario
J. He ben streit ULLLC Testing & Standards USA
Organization
K. Hubbard City oF Airdrie AHJ/Regulalor Alberta
M. Klaus National Fira Protection Testing & Standards USA
Association Organization

W. Koffel Koffel Associations Inc. General Interest USA

J. Lee Windsor Fire & Rescue Services AHJ/Rogulator Ontario

S. Lippka Johnson Controls Producer USA

J. Paschal Aquatherm Producer USA

M. Piletie Mechanical Designs Lid. General Interest USA

S. Pugsley Seneca College General Interest Ontario

R. Ray CyCybor Fire Protection Supply Cham USA

Company
M. Savage Marion County, Fl. AHJ/Rogulator USA
M. Sewell Vlctaulic Producer USA
E. Skarc Uponor Producer USA
D Townley Lubrizol Advanced Materials Supply Chain USA
S. Watt Emergency Management BC AHJ/Regulator British Columbia

Kevin HF Wu ULC Standards STP Project Manager - Non- Canada

voting
JULY 30, 2019 4NSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 7

International Classification for Standards (ICS): 13.220.20

For further information on UL standards, please contact

Underwriters Laboratories Inc.

171 Nepean Street Suite 400
Ottawa, Ontario K2P 0B4
Phone: 1-613.755.2729
E-mail: cec@ul.com
Web site: ul.com

This Standard is intended to be used for conformity assessment.

The intended primary application of this standard is stated in its scope. It is important to note that it
remains the responsibility of the user of the standard to judge its suitability for this particular application.

CETTE NORME NATIONALE DU CANADA EST DISPONIBLE EN VERSIONS FRANtpAlSE ET

ANGLAISE
8 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 JULY 30,2019

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JULY 30, 2019 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 9

INTRODUCTION

1 Scope

1.1 These requirements cover thermoplastic pipe and fittings for use in wet pipe sprinkler systems for fire
protection service.

1.2 Thermoplastic pipe and fittings covered by these requirements are intended for use in sprinkler
systems in any of the following types of occupancies:

a) Light hazard occupancies as defined in the Standard for Installation of Sprinkler Systems, NFPA
13;

b) Residential occupancies as defined in the Standard for Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One-
and Two-Family Dwellings and Manufactured Homes, NFPA 13D; and

c) Residential occupancies as defined in the Standard for Installation of Sprinkler Systems in Low-
Rise Residential Occupancies. NFPA 13R.

1.3 The pipe and fittings covered by these requirements are intended to be installed in accordance with
the Standard for Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two-Family Dwellings and Manufactured Homes, NFPA
13D; the Standard for Sprinkler Systems in Low-Rise Residential Occupancies, NFPA 13R; or the
Standard for Installation of Sprinkler Systems, NFPA 13.

1.4 The requirements covered by this standard do not address compatibility of plastic pipe and fittings
with materials or products that they may be in contact with in storage, handling, or use.

2 Components

2.1 Except as indicated in 2.2, a component of a product covered by this standard shall comply with the
requirements for that component. See Annex A for a list of standards for components referenced in this
standard.

2.2 A component is not required to comply with a specific requirement that

a) Involves a feature or characteristic not required in the application of the component in the
product covered by this standard, or

b) Is superseded by a requirement in this standard.

2.3 A component shall be used in accordance with its rating established for the intended conditions of
use.

2.4 Specific components are incomplete in construction features or restricted in performance

capabilities. Such components are intended for use only under limited conditions, such as certain
temperatures not exceeding specified limits, and shall be used only under those specific conditions.

3 Units of Measurement

3.1 Values stated without parentheses are the requirement. Values in parentheses are explanatory or
approximate information.
10 ANSI/CAN/UL 1021:2019 JULY 30, 2019

4 Undated References

4.1 Any undated reference to a code or standard appearing in the requirements of this standard shall be
interpreted as referring to the latest edition of that code or standard.

5 Reference Publications

ASME B 1.20,1, Standard for Pipe Threads. Genera! Purpose. Inch

ASTM D 396, Standard for Specification for Fuel Oils

ASTM D 638, Standard Tesf Method for Tensile Properties of Plastics

ASTM D 1598. Standard Test Method for Time-to-Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal Pressure

ASTM D 2444, Standard Test Method for Determination of the Impact Resistance of Thermoplastic Pipe
and Fittings by Means of a Tup (Falling Weight)

ASTM D2837, Standard Test Method for Obtaining Hydrostatic Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe
Materials or Pressure Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Products

NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems

NFPA 13D, Standard for the installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two-Family Dwellings and
Manufactured Homes

NFPA 1 SR, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in Low-Rise Residential Occupancies

NFPA 90A ; Standard for the Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating Systems

6 Terminology

6.1 The term "pipe", "piping", or "fitting" as used in these requirements refers to all thermoplastic pipe or
fittings or any part thereof covered by these requirements unless specifically noted otherwise.

7 Glossary

7.1 For the purposes of these requirements, the following definitions apply.

7.2 FLEXIBLE THERMOPLASTIC PIPE - A fire sprinkler pipe that has sufficient flexibility to achieve
directional changes, provided turns are not made with the pipe using a bending radius less than the
minimum specified in the installation and design manual.

7.3 MULTIPURPOSE PIPING SYSTEM - A piping system within residential occupancies (NFPA 13R),
dwellings, and manufactured homes (NFPA 13D), intended to serve both domestic and fire protection
needs.

7.4 NPS (NOMINAL PIPE SIZE) - A dimensionless designator for pipe sizes defined in standards
including Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe (SDR- PR),
ASTM F442/F442M and for PEX it is Standard Specification for Crosslinked Polyethylene (PEX) Hot- and
Cold-Water Distribution Systems, ASTM F677 used to replace terms such as "Nominal Diameter” and
"Nominal Size,"
JULY 30, 2019 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 11

7.5 RATED PRESSURE - The maximum internal water pressure to which the piping is intended to be
subjected to in the sprinkler system.

7.6 RATED TEMPERATURE - The maximum ambient temperature for which the piping is intended to be
exposed for the fire sprinkler application.

7.7 THERMOPLASTIC - A plastic capable of being repeatedly softened by heating and hardened by
cooling through a particular temperature range that is characteristic of the plastic. In the softened state, it
is able to be shaped by processes such as molding or extrusion.

3 Use in Environmental Air Handling Spaces

8.1 Thermoplastic pipe intended for use in ceiling cavity environmental air handling spaces shall comply
with (a) and (b) below:

a) Pipe shall be tested in accordance with the requirements in the Standard for Fire Test of Plastic
Sprinkler Pipe for Visible Flame and Smoke Characteristics, UL 1887, and comply with the
applicable requirements of the Standard for the Installation of Air Conditioning and Ventilating
Systems, NFPA 90 A.

b) Thermoplastic pipe intended for use in ceiling cavity environmental air handling spaces, shall
comply with the applicable requirements of the National Building Code of Canada, and shall be
tested in accordance with the Standard Method of Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of
Building Materials and Assemblies, CAN/ULC-S102, if they are thermoset pipes, or in accordance
with the Standard Method of Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Floor, Floor Covering and
Miscellaneous Materials and Assemblies, CAN/ULC-S102.2, if they are thermoplastic pipes.
Samples shall consist of two 7.4 m (24 ft.) lengths of pipe spaced 200 mm (8 in.) on center.
Sprinkler piping intended to be used within a plenum shall have a flame-spread rating of not more
than 25, and a smoke developed classification of not more than 50.

CONSTRUCTION

9 General

9.1 Pipe and fittings shall be in sizes 3/4 NPS and larger diameter and free from visible cracks, holes,
foreign inclusions, or other defects..

Exception: Pipe and fittings for use in network systems (NFPA 13D) may be in sizes 1/2 NPS and larger
diameter and shall be free from visible cracks, holes, foreign inclusions, or other defects,

9.2 Pipe and fittings shall be joined by a means applicable for the type of piping material such as by
solvent cement, fusion, ormechanical means..

9.3 Threaded thermoplastic fittings intended for transition to other piping material shall be threaded in
accordance with 9.5. Threaded thermoplastic fittings shall be made in accordance with the American
Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) requirements applicable to the thermoplastic material being
used, as well as comply with the requirements of this Standard.

9.4 Male or female threaded thermoplastic fittings intended for direct connection to a sprinkler, with or
without a metal insert, shall have threads that comply with 9.5, in addition to complying with the
requirements of this Standard .

9.5 Threaded thermoplastic fittings intended for transition to other piping material in 9.3 and connection
to sprinklers in 9.4 shall be threaded with threads conforming to the following:
12 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 JULY 30, 2019

a} Standard for Pipe Threads, General Purpose, Inch, ASME B1.20.1;

b) Standard for Dryseal Pipe Threads (Inch), ASME B1.20.3; or

c) Where piping intended for use in installations where sprinkler fittings incorporate pipe threads
other than NPT type threads, pipe threads complying with a national pipe thread standard
compatible with those fittings shall be permitted.

9.6 Pipe and fitting materials shall have a minimum flammability classification of HB when tested in
accordance with the Standard for Tests for Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and
Appliances, UL 94.

10 Rated Pressure

10.1 The pipe and fittings covered by these requirements shall have a rated pressure of 175 psig (1,21
MPa) or higher.

Exception; Pipe and fittings for use tn NFPA 13D multipurpose piping systems may have a rated pressure
of 130 psig (0. 90 MPa) or higher.

11 Rated Temperature

11.1 The pipe and fittings covered by these requirements shall have a rated temperature of 120°F (49°C)
or higher.

PERFORMANCE

12 General

12.1 Representative sample pipe and fitting assemblies shall be subjected to the tests described in
Sections 13 - 31,

13 Fire Exposure Test

13.1 General

13. 1.1 When tested as specified in 13.1.2 - 13.5.1, pipe and fitting assemblies:

a) Shall not burst, separate, or leak; and

b) Shall maintain the sprinkler in the intended operating position.

Following the fire exposure, the pipe and fitting assemblies shall withstand an internal hydrostatic pressure
equal to the maximum rated pressure for 5 minutes without rupture or leaks.

Exception: Pipe and fittings intended to be protected by any of the constructions listed in (a) - (b) are not
required to be subjected to the fire exposure test:

a) 3/8 inch (9.5 mm) thick or thicker gypsum wallboard:

b) A suspended membrane ceiling with lay-in panels or tiles having a weight of not less than 0.35
Ib/ft? (1.76 kg/m2) when installed with metallic support grids: or

c) 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) plywood soffits.

JULY 30, 2019 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 13

13.1.2 The test arrangement used to test pipe and fittings shall be in accordance with the installation and
design manual and incorporate:

a) The minimum number of hangers with spacing and locations specified;

b) The type of sprinkler (s) (residential, quick response, or standard) with which the product is
intended to be used, the maximum temperature rating classification specified, and the minimum
sprinkler restraint methods;

c) The minimum ceiling protection, if protection is specified; and

d) The maximum sprinkler deflector distance below the ceiling.

13.1.3 Sprinklers are to be selected with regard to the response time characteristics for the type
(residential, quick response, or standard) of sprinklers specified in the installation and design manual. The
response time characteristic selected is to be among the slower of sprinklers currently available.

13.1.4 The fire source employed in these tests is to consist of a square steel pan containing heptane.
The pan is to be a 5 ft 2 (0.46 m 2) pan 1 2 inches (305 mm) deep, constructed of steel not less than 1 /4 inch
(6.4 mm) thick. The pan is to be liquid-tight and the top edges are to be reinforced by a continuous steel
angle section. The fire source pan is to be filled with 6-1/4 gallons (23.7 L) of heptane having the
characteristics specified in 13.1 .5. The pan is to be placed in a square 10 ft 2 (0.92 m 2 ) liquid tight pan, 12
inches (305 mm) deep, constructed of steel not less than 1/4 inch (6.4 mm) thick with the top edge
reinforced by a continuous steel angle. The 10 ft2 (0.93 m2 ) pan is to be filled with water and fresh water is
to be flowed into it during the fire test.

13.1.5 The heptane is to have the following characteristics described in Table 13.1.

Table 13.1
Heptane characteristics

Minimum Initial Bailing Point 190T (09 DC)

Maximum Dry Point 212 T (100 ’C)
Specific Gravity ( 6 0 T W F ) (15 6°C/15 6°C) 0.69-073

13.1.6 The test room employed for these tests is to be essentially draft-free and is not to be smaller than
30 by 30 by 15 feet (9.1 by 9.1 by 4.6 m) high. A 12 foot (3.7 m) wide by 24 foot (7.3 m) long test ceiling is
to be installed approximately 8 feet (2.4 m) above the floor.

13.1.7 The piping arrangement is to be attached to a water supply capable of supplying a pressure equal
to the maximum rated pressure at the inlet of the piping. The system water supply is to be equipped with
flowmeters and pressure gauges.

13.2 Fire test with low flowing pressure

13.2.1 The test is to be conducted with two closed pendent sprinklers installed at a maximum 15 foot (4.6
m) spacing at the ends of a balanced flow piping arrangement. The piping arrangement is to be connected
to the water-supply. The piping is to have an initial static pressure of 100 to 120 psi (689 to 827 kPa),
which is then to be adjusted to maintain the specified flow after sprinkler operation. See Figure 13.1 for the
general test arrangement.
14 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 JULY 30, 2019

Figure 13.1
General test arrangement - sprinkler other than sidewall

TOP VIEW

CEILING

ELEVATION
1/2 in THICK GYPSUM
OPEN TO ALLOW
WALLBOARD CEILING
/ VENTING
zzzrzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzrzzzzzzrzzzzrzzzzzzzrzzzzzz.

6 ft-4 in PROTECTIVE
(1.9 m) CEILING
FIRE SOURCE

i 7
M -PENDENT SPRINKLER

s3546d

Note 1 - Fire source is to be centered directly under piping tee.

Note 2 - The distance from the sprinkler deflector to the ceiling for exposed piping is to bo the maximum as specified in the
installation and design manual but in no case greater than 1 2 inches (305 mm).
JULY 30, 2019 ANSI/CAN/UL 1321:2019 15

13.2.2 If the piping is intended to be installed at the ceiling-wall junction, a test is also to be conducted
with two standard sidewall sprinklers installed at a maximum 14 foot (4.3 m) spacing at the ends of a
balanced flow piping arrangement. The piping arrangement is to be connected to the water-supply. The
piping is to have an initial static pressure of 100 to 120 psi (689 to 827 kPa), which is then to be adjusted to
maintain the specified flow after sprinkler operation. See Figure 13.2 for general test arrangement
16 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 JULY 30, 2019

Figure 13.2
General test arrangement - sidewall sprinkler

TOP VIEW

ELEVATION

Q - HORIZONTAL SIDEWALL SPRINKLER

S3548C

Note 1 - Fire source isto be directly under the piping tee

Note 2 - The distance from the sidewall sprinkler de'lector to the ceiling is to be the maximum specified m the installation and design
manual, but in no case greater than 12 inches (305 mm), nor greater than the distance specified by the sprinkler manufacturer.
JULY 30, 2019 ANSI/CAN/UL 1321:2019 17

13.2.3 If ceiling protection other than referenced in 13,1.1 is specified in the installation and design
manual, a ceiling representing the minimum protection is to be installed below the piping arrangement.
See Figure 13.2. If the pipe is intended to be installed without protective materials, the pipe is to be tested
in the exposed condition with the sprinkler deflectors installed at the maximum distance below the ceiling
specified in the installation and design manual.

13.2.4 The test timer and temperatere- measuring equipment are to be started when the test pan is
ignited. The sprinklers are to be allowed to operate automatically. After operation of each sprinkler, the
flow is to be adjusted to maintain a total flow equal to a maximum of 22.5 gpm (1.41 L/s) per sprinkler.

13.2.5 After 10 minutes, the fire source in the pan is to be extinguished and the water supply to the
sprinklers is to be turned off a maximum of 5 minutes after the fire source is extinguished.

13.3 Fire test with maximum rated flowing pressure

13.3.1 The tests described in 13.2.1 - 13.2.5 are to be repeated with the pressure equal to the maximum
rated pressure introduced into the inlet of the piping arrangement. After sprinkler operation, 90 percent of
the maximum rated pressure is to be maintained.

13.4 Fire exposure test • unfinished basement application

13.4.1 Piping assemblies intended for installation without protective materials referenced in 13.1 1 and in
unfinished basement ceilings, shall comply with the Fire Exposure Tests described in Section 13 except for
the following:

a) The test room described in 13.1 .6 shall have a simulated unfinished basement ceiling installed
using sprinklers which shall be spaced at maximum spacing and configuration to protect the
maximum basement ceiling area specified in the Installation and Design Manual. Permanent
blocking installed at the full depth of the joist intended to reduce the escape of heat from the joist
cavity is acceptable to divide larger areas;

b) Exposed structural members shall be located at the ceiling height, structural member depth,
spacing, and construction to accomplish maximum and minimum sprinkler response times
(Commonly between four sprinklers and between two sprinklers on the same pipe installed parallel
to the joists, respectively); and

c) Piping assemblies shall be installed in the following two configurations:

1 ) Branch lines parallel to the joists and in the joist space above the fire source at the
maximum depth in the joist space; and

2) Main line perpendicular to the joists located at the bottom cord of the joists above the fire
source.

The location of the piping in both configurations 13.4.1 (cX1) and (2) shall be directly above the fire
source,

13.5 Fire exposure test- vertical piping application

13.5.1 Piping assemblies intended for installation as a vertical supply (riser) without protective materials
referenced in 13.1.1, shall comply with the Fire Exposure Tests described in Section 13 except for the
following:

a) The riser shall be installed vertically along a wall and horizontally at a ceiling height
representative of the configuration specified in the Installation and Design Manual. Where the
design manual allows piping to come up through a basement slab or protrude through the wall at a
18 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 JULY 30, 2019

height less than the height of the steel pan containing the heptane, testing with the piping system
vertical riser beginning at the height equal to the steel pan shall be considered representative;

b) The fire source shall be located along the wall below the vertical riser;

c) Sprinklers shall be located at the maximum distance from the riser specified in the Installation
and Design Manual; and

d) Tests shall be conducted with the piping located at two locations;

1) Vertically along a wall; and

2) Vertically in a corner.

14 Pipe Coefficient of Friction Test

14.1 The Hazen-Williams pipe coefficient of friction (C) is to be determined as specified in 14.2 and 14,3.
and shall not be less than the value specified in the installation and design manual.

14.2 A pipe sample, at least 20 feet (6.1 m) long, is to be installed in a friction loss test apparatus. A
piezometer is to be installed in each end of the pipe sample and is to be connected to a differential
pressure gauge. The water flow through the test sample is to be measured using a flow measuring device.

14.3 At least five different water flows at velocities between 10 and 18 ft/s (3.1 and 5.5 m/s) are to be
established through the test sample and the pressure drop between piezometers at each flow is to be
recorded. The test is to be repeated with the pipe sample removed from the line and the piezometers
coupled together. The pressure drop values obtained are then to be subtracted from the results of the test
with the pipe sample in the line to obtain the pressure drop of the pipe samples. The Hazen-Williams
coefficient of friction is to then be calculated using the following formula:

2.26 £
C
~
where:

Q = the water flow. gallons per minute:

C = friction loss coefficient;

d = the measured inside diameter of the pipe, inches; and

p = (he pressure loss in pounds per square inch per foot of pipe.

For SI units, the following equation shall be used:

0.54
(605000) Qf>i
0.54 j 2.63
P

where:

p m = the pressure ioss in bar per meter of pipe;

Qrrl = flow in L/min;

JULY 30, 2019 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 19

C = friction loss coefficient; and

dm = the measured inside diameter of the pipe in mm.

15 Fitting Equivalent Length Test

15.1 When tested as described in 15.2 and 15.3, the head loss of fittings, expressed in equivalent length
of pipe, shall not be more than 2 equivalent feet (610 equivalent mm) higher than the values published in
the installation and design manual.

15.2 Samples of fittings are to be installed in a friction loss test apparatus. A piezometer is to be installed
on two outlets of the fittings and connected to a differential pressure gauge. The water flow through the
test sample is to be measured using a flow measuring device.

15.3 At least five different water flows at velocities between 10 and 18 ft/sec (3,1 and 5.5 m/s) are to be
established through the test sample and the pressure drop between piezometers at each flow is to be
recorded. The test is to be repeated with the test fittings removed from the line and the piezometers
coupled together. The pressure drop values obtained are to be subtracted from the results of the test with
the test fitting to obtain a pressure drop for the fitting. Using the Hazen-Williams coefficient of friction
specified for the pipe, the equivalent length, in feet (m) of pipe, is to be calculated.

16 Crush Resistance Test

16.1 After being subjected to the crush resistance test specified in 16.2, representative samples of pipe
shall comply with the Leakage and Hydrostatic Pressure Test, Section 24.

16.2 Samples of empty unpressurized pipe are to be placed on top of a 1-5/8 inch (41.3 mm) wide by
minimum 1 inch (25.4 mm) high steel material having 0.125 inch (3.17 mm) radius round edges, A load is
to be applied to the top of the pipe sample by a metal flat plate attached to a tension-compression
machine. The test load is to be increased to 200 pounds-force (890 Nj using a crosshead speed of 0.5 in/
min (12.7 mm/min) and held for 5 minutes.

17 Stress-Corrosion Cracking of Stainless Steel Parts Test

17.1 Austenitic stainless steel parts shall show no evidence of cracking, delamination, or degradation
after being subjected to boiling magnesium chloride solution. See 17 2 - 17.5.

Exception: Cracking is allowed when it does not impact the ability of the product to comply with the
requirements of this Standard.

17.2 At least three samples in a representative size without plating or coatings are to be degreased prior
to being exposed to the magnesium chloride solution.

17.3 The samples are to be placed into a flask that is fitted with a thermometer and a wet condenser 30-
inches (762-mm) long. The flask is to be filled one-half full with a 42 percent by weight magnesium chloride
solution, placed on a thermostatically controlled electrically heated mantel, and maintained at a boiling
temperature of 302 ±2 a F (150 +1D C). The sample parts are to be unassembled. The duration of the
exposure shall be 150 hours.

1 7.4 After the exposure period, the test samples are to be removed from the boiling magnesium chloride
solution and rinsed in de-ionized water.

17.5 The test samples are then to be examined using a microscope having a magnification of 25X for
any cracking, delamination, or other degradation as a result of the test exposure.
20 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 JULY 30, 2019

18 Flexural Test

18.1 Representative samples of piping joints shall sustain a bending moment equivalent to twice the
weight of the water filled pipe over twice the hanger spacing distance without kinking, leaking, or other
signs of permanent damage.

18.2 The samples are to be installed using two pipe hangers that are located at twice the maximum
spacing specified in the installation and design manual. The pipe joint is to be centered between hangers.
The pipe assembly is to be filled with water and pressurized to the rated pressure. A point load of one-half
the weight of the water filled pipe between the hangers is to be applied to the sample at the center point
between the two hangers and held for 1 minute. See Figure 18.1. A test method using shorter hanger
spacings with a corresponding increase in applied load to achieve an equivalent bending moment is also
allowed, using the following formula:

where:

P = the point load to be applied in pounds (kilograms);

co = the weight per unit length of water filled pipe in pounds per foot (kilograms per meter);

Lr = twice the maximum support spacing distance specified in the installation and design manual in
feet (meters); and

L f = the distance between supports in test set-up in feet (meters).

JULY 30, 2019 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 21

Figure 18.1
Flexural test configuration

s3640b

1 - HANGER DESIGN PER MANUFACTURER'S I N S T R U C T O R

2 -PIPE

3-FITTING
22 ANSI/CANHJL 1821:2019 JULY 30. 2019

19 Impact Resistance Test

19.1 Samples of pipe are to be conditioned at 0, 32, and 70° F (minus 18, 0, and 21 1QC) for 24 hours.
Immediately after conditioning, each pipe sample is to be subjected to an impact by a 2 pounds-mass (0.9
kg) weight in the form of a 1.25 inch (31.7 mm) diameter steel cylinder with a flat impact face having
rounded edges. The impact value is to be 10 foot-pounds (13.5 J) for pipe sizes up to and including 1 NFS
and 15 foot-pounds (20.3 J) for pipe sizes larger than 1 NPS. The impact testing is to be conducted at
room temperature on each sample (within 5 minutes of their removal from the conditioning temperature) in
accordance with the method described in the Standard Test Method for Determination of the Impact
Resistance of Thermoplastic Pipe and Fittings by Means of a Tup (Falling Weight), ASTM D2444.

19.2 After being subjected to the impact specified in 19J, representative samples of the pipe in the
smallest and largest size for each impact value shall comply with the Leakage and Hydrostatic Pressure
Test, Section 24.

20 Vibration Test

20.1 Pipe and fitting assemblies shall withstand the effects of vibration for 30 hours without deterioration
of performance characteristics. Following the vibration test, each test assembly shall comply with the
specified requirements in the Leakage and Hydrostatic Pressure Test, Section 24.

20.2 For pipe and fitting sizes greater than nominal 1/2 NPS, representative pipe and fitting
arrangements, assembled in accordance with the installation and design manual and consisting of
approximately 2 foot (610 mm) lengths of pipe attached to each outlet of a tee, are to be placed
horizontally and attached to a vibration table. The pipe branch lines are to be attached to the vibration
table on each side of the tee outlets in accordance with the installation and design manual. The side tee
outlet branch line is to have a fitting on the end of the branch line pipe and is to be supported with a pipe
support located near the end fitting. The pipe support which is most expected to cause pipe damage or
abrasion is to be selected based on the type of pipe supports specified in the installation and design
manual. The pipe support is to be located at the maximum distance from the end fitting as specified in the
installation and design manual and attached to a fixed (nonvibrating) support. A load equivalent to the
weight of a 4 fool (1.2 m) length of water-filled pipe is to hang freely from the fitting located on the end of
the side outlet pipe branch line. See Figure 20,1 for the general test arrangement.
JULY 30, 2019 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 23

Figure 20.1
General test arrangement - vibration test

1 - STEEL ANGLE

2 - BEAM CLAMP

3 - THREADED ROD

4 - HANGER

5 - DIRECTION OF MOVEMENT

6 - PIPE CLAMP

7 - STEEL CHANNEL

8 - BOLT

9 - SAMPLE

10 - TABLE

11 - WEIGHT
24 ANSI/CAN/UL 1021'2019 JULY 30, 2019

20.3 For nominal 1/2 NPS pipe and fitting sizes, representative pipe and fitting arrangements,
assembled in accordance with the installation and design manual and consisting of approximately 2 foot
(610 mm) lengths of pipe, a multi-port manifold fitting, and a multi-port sprinkler adapter fitting are to be
placed horizontally and attached to a vibration table. The outer ports of the manifold fitting are to be
attached to the inner ports of the sprinkler adapter fitting with pipe. The other ports of both the manifold
fitting and sprinkler adapter filling are to be attached to pipe. The sprinkler adapter fitting is to be attached
to the vibration table in accordance with the installation and design manual. The manifold fitting and the
outer pipe branch lines of the sprinkler adapter fitting are to be attached to a fixed (non vibrating) support.
The inner pipe branch lines of the manifold fitting are to be supported near the end fitting with pipe
supports attached to the vibration table. The pipe supports which are most expected to cause pipe
damage or abrasion are to be selected from those specified in the installation and design manual.

20.4 For flexible piping products, representative pipe and fitting arrangements, assembled in accordance
with the installation and design manual and consisting of approximately 2 foot (610 mm) lengths of pipe
are to be bent to the minimum bending radius specified in the installation and design manual and attached
to a vibration table. One end of the pipe is to be attached to the vibration table and the other end is to be
attached to a fixed (nonvibrating) support. The pipe supports which are most expected to cause pipe
damage or abrasion are to be selected from those specified in the installation and design manual .

20.5 Unpressurized sample assemblies are to be subjected to a vibration of 0.02 inch (0.51 mm}
amplitude at a varying frequency ranging from 18 to 37 hertz for a penod of 5 hours. The cycle period is to
be 25 ±5 seconds. If one or more resonant points are clearly detectable, the assemblies are to be vibrated
at that frequency or frequencies for periods of the remaining 25 hours of the test proportionate to the
number of resonant frequencies discovered. If no resonant frequency is delected, then tests are to be
conducted at the amplitudes, frequencies, and time periods noted in Table 20.1, Amplitude is the
maximum displacement of sinusoidal motion from position of rest or one-half of the total table
displacement.

Table 20,1
Amplitude of vibration

Amplitude, Total displacement, Frequency, Time,

inch (mm) inch (mm) hertz hours
0.010 (0.25) 0.020 (0.51) 20 5

0.020 (0.51) 0.040(1.02) 28 5

0.075 (1.00) 0 150(3.01) 26 5
0.020 (0.51) 0.040(1.02) IB - 37 (variable) 5
0 035 (0 89) 0 070(1 78) 18 - 37 (variable) 5

20.6 After being subjected to the required vibration, the sample is to be examined for wear or damage,
and then subjected to the Leakage and Hydrostatic Pressure Test, Section 24

21 High Pressure Sprinkler Operation Test

21.1 Representative pipe and fitting assemblies, installed in accordance with the installation and design
manual, shall be capable of being installed in a manner that provides sufficient support to maintain the
sprinkler in its intended operating and discharge position when tested as specified in 21.1 - 21 .4,

Exception: Fittings for direct connection to a sprinkler and incorporating a means for rigid attachment of
the fitting to the building structure are not to be tested.
JULY 30, 2019 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 25

21.2 The test assembly is to consist of a 10 foot (3.05 m) length of pipe connected to a water supply. An
elbow with at least a 2 foot (610 mm) drop to the sprinkler is to be installed on the end of the pipe. A
second sprinkler is to be installed at the midpoint of the pipe sample having at least a 2 foot (610 mm) drop
to the sprinkler from a tee.

21 .3 A suspended ceiling is to be installed at the sprinkler level with sprinkler escutcheons installed. The
suspended ceiling material, sprinklers, and sprinkler escutcheons used for this test are to be selected from
the options provided in the installation and design manual based on the following:

a) The ceiling material that is most expected to interfere with the discharge characteristics of the
sprinkler is to be used.

b) The distance of the sprinkler deflector below the bottom of the escutcheon is to be at a minimum.

c) The escutcheon used is to provide the least amount of support for the sprinkler.

21.4 The piping and sprinkler arrangement is to be pressurized to the maximum rated pressure. The
sprinkler then is to be operated with a heat source and discharged al a pressure of at least 90 percent of
the maximum rated pressure for 2 minutes. Visual observations are to be made of the operating and
discharging position of the sprinkler.

22 Kinking Test

22.1 Representative samples of flexible pipe in each size shall not kink at or above the minimum bending
radius values specified in the installation and design manual when tested in accordance with 22.2 and
22.3.

22.2 Samples of each size pipe are to be conditioned at 0 ±5°F (minus 18 ±3°C), 70 ±5°F (21 ±3°C), and
the maximum rated temperature for 24 hours.

22.3 Immediately after conditioning, each sample is to be bent with the bending radius of the pipe
gradually reduced until kinking occurs.

23 Assembly Test

23.1 When assembled and cured as specified in the installation and design manual, the samples shall
withstand for 2 hours, without rupture, separation, or leakage, an internal hydrostatic pressure equivalent
to the rated pressure or higher, as specified in the installation and design manual, and other internal
hydrostatic pressures as they relate to cure times specified in the installation and design manual.

23.2 Representative samples of pipe and fittings in the largest size for each specified temperature and
cure time are to be assembled in accordance v<rith the installation and design manual.

23.3 The assembly of the pipe and fittings is to be at temperatures and minimum cure times specified in
the installation and design manual, including assembly at 32*F (0”C) or lower temperature as specified in
the installation and design manual and at 120°F (49°C) or higher as specified in the installation and design
manual.

23.4 The pipe, fittings, solvent cement, and tools necessary for assembly are to be conditioned at each
specified temperature for a minimum of 16 hours prior to assembling. Each assembly is to be made at the
specified conditioning temperature and subjected to the hydrostatic pressure test specified in 23.2
following the minimum curing times specified in the installation and design manual.
26 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 JULY 30,2019

24 Leakage and Hydrostatic Pressure Test

24.1 Representative pipe and fitting assemblies shall withstand for 1 minute, without rupture, separation,
or leakage, an internal hydrostatic pressure of five times the rated pressure.

Exception No. 1: The minimum test pressure and test period is allowed to be reduced for piping that has
demonstrated by test an ability to absorb and reduce pressure surges in a system as compared to steel
piping. The test pressure and test period reduction is to be determined based on the amount of pressure
reduction as compared to steel pipe when tested in accordance with 24.4 and 24.5.

Exception No. 2: Pipe and fitting assemblies that include flanges shall withstand for 1 minute, without
leakage, an internal hydrostatic pressure of two times the rated pressure. Flange gaskets and seals shall
then be permitted to be replaced with a material and construction capable of withstanding the five times
the rated pressure and the test described in 24. 1 shall then be conducted without rupture or separation of
the assembly.

24.2 The assembly of the pipe and fittings shall be in accordance with the installation and design
manual. For flexible piping products, samples are to be bent to the minimum bending radius specified in
the installation and design manual.

24.3 The length of exposed pipe between fittings is to have a minimum length o f t e n times the diameter
of the pipe.

Exception: Shorter pipe lengths are allowed to be used when testing fitting assemblies.

24.4 Representative sizes of pipe, at least 40 ft (12.2 m) in length shall be connected to a water flow
apparatus consisting of a check valve, fast closing solenoid valve, throttling valve, piezometer, pressure
transducer and oscilloscope and arranged as shown in Figure 24.1. The system shall be capable of water
flow velocities of at least 18 ft/s (5.5 m/s). Pressure transducers with an acquisition time of not more than
0.001s and a data acquisition system capable of reading the peak pressure values generated shall be
used.

Figure 24.1
Water flow apparatus

Variable Speed
Pump 0-2000 PSI
(0-13.8 MPa) Oscilloscope
Pressure Transducer

40 ft. (12.2 m) test piping Throttle Valve

Hard Piping
- < ---------------------------- ---------------
Check
— M-
Piezometer Solenoid
Valve Valve Drain

Coupling

sulOOOa
JULY 30, 2019 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 27

24.5 Pressure transients are to be generated in the apparatus by abruptly closing the fast closing
(solenoid) valve while flowing water at a velocity at least 1S ft./s (5.5 m/s) with the test piping in place and
then repeated with the test piping replaced with Schedule 40 steel piping of the same nominal size.

25 Pressure Cycling Test

25.1 Representative pipe and fitting assemblies shall withstand without leakage, separation, or rupture
3000 pressure cycles from zero to twice the rated pressure of the pipe and fittings. After the cycling, the
pipe and fitting assemblies shall comply with the Leakage and Hydrostatic Pressure Test, Section 24.

25.2 The assembly of the pipe and fittings shall be in accordance with the installation and design
manual. For flexible piping products, samples are to be bent to the minimum bending radius specified in
the installation and design manual.

25.3 The pipe and fitting assemblies are to be connected to a pressure cycling apparatus, filled with
water, and vented of all air. The internal pressure is to be cycled 3000 times from zero to twice the rated
pressure to 0 psig (0 kPa) at an approximate rate of 10 cycles per minute.

25.4 The length of exposed pipe between fittings is to have a minimum length of ten times the diameter
of the pipe.

Excepfron: Shorter pipe lengths are allowed to be used when testing fitting assemblies.

26 Temperature Cycling Test

26.1 Representative pipe and fitting assemblies shall comply with the Leakage and Hydrostatic Pressure
Test, Section 24, after being subjected to temperature cycling from 35° F (1.7°C) to the maximum rated
temperature.

26.2 The assembly of the pipe and fittings shall be in accordance with the installation and design
manual. For flexible piping products, samples are to be bent to the minimum bending radius specified in
the installation and design manual.

26.3 The pipe and fitting assemblies are to be filled with water, vented of air, hydrostatically pressurized
to 50 psig (345 kPa), and subjected to temperature cycles of 35° F (1 .7° C) to the maximum rated
temperature to 35°F. Each assembly is to be held at each temperature specified for a period of 24 hours. A
total of 5 complete cycles are to be completed.

26.4 The length of exposed pipe between fittings Is to have a minimum length of ten times the diameter
of the pipe.

Excepf/on. Shorter p/pe fengfhs are a/fowed fo be used when testing fitting assemblies.

27 10-Day Moist Ammonia Air Stress Cracking Test

27.1 After being subjected to the conditions described in 27.2 - 27.4, a brass part containing more than
15 percent zinc shall show no evidence of cracking when examined using 25X magnification.

Excepton: Cracking is allowed when it does not impact the ability of the product to comply with the
requirements of this Standard.

27.2 Each test sample is to be subjected to the physical stresses normally imposed on or within a part as
the result of assembly with other components. Such stresses are to be applied to the sample prior to and
28 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 JULY 30, 2019

maintained during the test. Samples with threads, intended io be used for installing the product in the field,
are to have the threads engaged and tightened to the torque specified in Table 27.1. Teflon tape or pipe
compounds are not to be used on the threads.

Table 27.1
Torque requirements for threaded connections

Torque
Nominal pipe size (NPS)
pound 'inches (N’m)

1/2 410 (46.3)

3/4 600 (68)
1 1200 (136)
M/4 1450 (164)

1-1/2 1550 (175)

2 1650 (186)
3 1800 (203)
4 1900 (215)

27.3 Three samples are to be degreased and then continuously exposed in a set position for ten days to
a moist ammonia-air mixture maintained in a glass chamber 12 ±1 by 12 +1 by 12 +1 inches (304.8 ±25.4
by 304 .8 ±25,4 by 304 ,8 ±25.4 mm) having a glass cover.

27.4 20,3 fl, oz, (600 ml) of aqueous ammonia having a specific gravity of 0.94 is to be maintained at the
bottom the glass chamber below the samples. The samples are to be positioned 1-1/2 (+1/2, -0) inches
[(38.1 mm) (+12.7 mm, -0 mm)] above the aqueous ammonia solution and supported by an inert tray. The
moist ammonia-air mixture in the chamber is to be maintained at atmospheric pressure and at a
temperature of 93 ± 2 T (34 ±1 DC).

28 Long-Term Hydrostatic Pressure Test

28.1 When tested as described in 28.3, pipe and fitting materials other than CPVC and crosslinked
polyethylene described in Table 28 1 shall demonstrate a hydrostatic design stress equal to or greater
than the hoop stress applied to the pipe and fittings at the rated pressure and at the maximum rated
temperature.

28.2 When tested as described in 28.4 and 28.5, CPVC and crosslinked polyethylene pipe and fitting
assemblies shall withstand without rupture, leakage, or joint separation the hoop stress specified in Table
28.1 applied to the assembly for 1000 hours at the maximum rated temperature.

28.3 The long-term hydrostatic strength of pipe and fittings including the method of joining pipe and
fittings is to be determined by conducting testing in accordance with the Standard Test Method for Time-to-
Failure of Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal Pressure. ASTM D1598, in a controlled temperature water
or air bath; and by analyzing the test results in accordance with the Standard Test Method for Obtaining
Hydrostatic Design Basis for Thermoplastic Pipe Materials or Pressure Design Basis for Thermoplastic
Pipe Products, ASTM D2837. The hydrostatic design stress for the pipe is to be determined based on the
long-term hydrostatic strength at 100,000 hours with a service factor of 0.5 In addition, the long-term
hydrostatic strength at 50 years shall not be less than 90 percent of the long-term hydrostatic strength at
100,000 hours. The manufacturer shall provide data demonstrating compliance with the requirements.
Sample pipe and fittings from each manufacturing facility are to be assembled in accordance with the
installation and design manual. The assemblies are to be conditioned prior to testing to provide for curing
of the joints as specified by the manufacturer.
JULY 30, 2019 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 29

28.4 The long-term hydrostatic strength of pipe and fittings including the method of joining pipe and
fittings is to be determined. Three samples each of the smallest and largest size pipe and fittings from
each manufacturing facility are to be assembled in accordance with the installation and design manual.
The assemblies are to be conditioned prior to testing to provide for curing of the joints as specified by the
manufacturer.

28.5 The samples are to be tested in accordance with the Standard Test Method for Time-to-Failure of
Plastic Pipe Under Constant Internal Pressure. ASTM D1598, in a controlled temperature water or air
bath, except that the hoop stress shown in Table 28. 1 is to be maintained for 1000 hours. During and after
this exposure, the pipe and fitting assemblies are to be examined for evidence of rupture, leakage, or joint
separation.

Table 28.1
Stress applied for 1000 hours

Type Standard dimension ratio Required hoop Stress, psi (MPa)

CPVC 13.5 2310(15.93)
Crosslinked Polyethylene 9.0 1175(8.10)

29 Environmental Exposure Tests

29.1 General

29.1.1 After being subjected to the test exposures specified in 29.1.2:

a) The tensile strength shall not be reduced by more than 30 percent for the exposures noted in
29.1 .2 (a) and (b), and 10 percent for the accelerated light and water exposure specified in
29 1.2(c); and

b) Pipe and fitting assemblies shall not rupture, leak, or separate at a value less than 90 percent of
the hydrostatic strength requirement specified in the Leakage and Hydrostatic Pressure Test,
Section 24.

29.1 .2 The surfaces of test samples are to be subjected to the following exposures:

a) Water immersion specified in 29.3, for 30, 90, and 180 days;

b) Air-oven aging specified in 29.4, for 30, 90, and 180 days; and

c) Accelerated light and water specified in 29 5

Exception: if the pipe and fittings are shipped from the manufacturer in a manner that protects the product
from the sunlight such as by the use of special packaging, the exposure period for the test noted in
29. 7.2 (c) is allowed to be reduced to 45 hours for carbon arc exposure or 65 hours for xenon arc
exposure.

29.2 Test method

29.2,1 Tensile strength tests are to be conducted in accordance with the Standard for the Test Method
for Tensile Properties of Plastics, ASTM D638, using a crosshead speed applicable for the material tested.

29.2.2 The hydrostatic pressure test is to be conducted in accordance with the Leakage and Hydrostatic
Pressure Test, Section 24.
30 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 JULY 30, 2019

29.3 Water immersion exposure

29.3.1 The hydrostatic pressure test samples are to be immersed in a water bath containing tap water
and maintained at a temperature of 189 ±4*F (87 ±2*C). The tensile strength test specimens are to be
immersed in containers of distilled water and maintained at a temperature of 189 ±4°F (87 ±2°C). All
samples are to be exposed for 30, 90 and 180 days. The samples are to be conditioned for 24 hours at 70
±5*F (21 ±3*C) and 50 percent relative humidity prior to physical testing.

29.4 Air oven aging exposure

29.4.1 The hydrostatic pressure test samples and the tensile strength test specimens are to be subjected
to air oven aging for 30, 90, and 180 days. The test temperature is to be 212 +5°F (100 ±3*0) for pipe
having a maximum rated temperature of 120 =F (49 DC); and 21 2° F plus the difference between 120T and
the maximum rated temperature of the pipe for pipe rated higher than 120° R The samples are to be
conditioned for 24 hours at 70 ±5°F (21 +3 0) and 50 percent relative humidity prior to physical testing.

Exception: An air oven aging test at a lower temperature for a longer period of time may be applied. The
duration of exposure is to be calculated from the following formula:

D = ( 184049)

wriere:

D = tesf duration in days;

= lower test temperature for longer duration, C; and

t2 = test temperature forD = 180 days, °C.

29.5 Light and water exposure

29.5.1 The test samples are to be exposed for 360 hours to light and water in an accelerated light and
water exposure apparatus, as specified in 29.5.2 and 29.5.3.

29.5.2 The apparatus used is to provide ultraviolet light from two enclosed carbon arcs formed between
vertical electrodes 1/2 inch (12.7 mm) in diameter, located at the center of a revolvable vertical metal
cylinder 31 inches (787 mm) in diameter and 17-3/4 inches (451 mm) high. The arcs are to operate with
approximately 15 to 17 amperes ac and the potential across the arcs is to be approximately 120 to 145
volts. The arcs are to be enclosed by clear globes of No. 9200-PX Pyrex glass.

29.5.3 The samples are to be vertically mounted on the inside of the cylinder, facing the arcs, and the
cylinder is to be rotated about the arcs at one revolution per minute. A system of nozzles is to be provided
so that each sample is sprayed in turn with water as the cylinder revolves. During each 20 minute
operating cycle, each sample is to be exposed to light from the arcs for 17 minutes and to water spray with
light for 3 minutes. The temperature within the cylinder is to be 145 ±9°F (63 ±5°C) while the apparatus is
in operation.

29.5.4 As an alternate to the test in 29.5.1 - 29.5.3, the test samples are to be exposed for 500 hours to
light and water in accordance with 29.5.5.

29.5.5 Specimens are to be exposed to ultraviolet light and waterspray by using a Xenon -arc lamp in
accordance with the Standard Practice for Exposing Nonmetallic Materials in Accelerated Test Devices
That Use Laboratory Light Sources, ASTM G151, and the Standard Practice for Operating Xenon Arc
Light Apparatus for Exposure of Nonmetallic Materials, ASTM G155. The spectral power distribution of the
JULY 30, 2019 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 31

xenon lamp shall conform to the requirement in Table 1 in ASTM G155 for a xenon lamp with daylight
filters. A programmed cycle of 120 minutes consisting of a 102-minute light exposure and an 18-minute
exposure to water spray with light shall be used. The apparatus shall operate with a spectral irradiance of
0.35 W/m 2 nm at 340 nm and a black-panel temperature of 145.4 ± 5.4’F (63 ± 3 : C)

30 Concrete Embedment Test

30.1 Pipe and fittings intended to be embedded in concrete shall be evaluated to the following test
method described in 30.2 through 30.5.

30.2 A straight test assembly shall be assembled with pipe, a fitting, and a cap using the assembly
methods in the manufacturer's installation instructions. The distance between the fitting and cap of the test
assembly shall be a minimum of 10 pipe outside diameters (ODs) of exposed pipe length. The distance
between the fitting and the concrete edge, where the pipe extends outside of the concrete, shall be a
minimum of 2 pipe ODs of exposed pipe length,

30 3 The concrete used for embedment shall be made from a mixture of one part Portland cement, two
parts torpedo sand, and four parts crushed limestone or gravel, or of a mixture of these proportioned so
that a minimum compressive strength of 2500 psi (17.2 MPa) is achieved. The concrete is to be reinforced
with wire mesh or steel rods and formed with the assembly embedded in the concrete and cured for 28
days, Samples of the concrete in the form of test cylinders shall be prepared at the same time as the test
assembly for measuring the compressive strength on day 28 in accordance with ASTM C39.

30.4 After the test assembly has properly cured, the assembly shall pressure tested with water at 2 times
the rated pressure for 5 minutes to verify that there are no leaks. This test assembly shall then be
embedded in concrete, in accordance with the manufacturer's installation instructions, with the open end
extending beyond the concrete edge. The assembly shall be covered by a minimum of 2 in. (5.1 cm) of
concrete in all directions. The open end of the assembly extending beyond the concrete edge shall
represent the manufacturer's requirements for protrusion from a concrete embedment.

30.5 After curing, the entire embedded test assembly shall be filled with water and pressurized to the
rated pressure at a temperature of 70 ±5°F (21 ±3°C). The pressurized test assembly shall then undergo
the Temperature Cycling Test, Section 26. After being subjected to the temperature cycling test, the test
assembly shall comply with the Hydrostatic Pressure Test, Section 28, Any evidence of leakage/failure of
the assembly shall be considered unacceptable.

31 Marking Permanency Test

31.1 Markings on pipe and fittings other than those which are stamped or cast shall be legible after being
tested as specified in 31.2 - 31 .9.

31.2 Test samples of the smallest diameter pipe are to be wiped lightly with a clean lint-free cloth before
being conditioned.

31 .3 Two samples are to be conditioned for 168 hours in a full-draft circulating -air oven operating at a
temperature of 158 ±2°F (70 ±1°C) and then removed from the oven and conditioned for 24 hours at 70
±5°F (21 ±3“C),

31.4 Two samples are to be immersed for 24 hours in tap water maintained at a temperature of 140 ±2’F
(60 ± T C ) and are then to be removed from the water, shaken to remove most of the water, and then
allowed to dry (without wiping) for 24 hours at 70 ±5°F (21 ±3°C).

31.5 Two samples are to be immersed in oil and maintained at a temperature of 140 ±2 DF (60 ±1 DC) for
24 hours. The samples are then to be removed from the oil, wiped with a soft, clean cloth and conditioned
32 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 JULY 30, 2019

for 24 hours at 70 ±5°F (21 ±3°C). The oil used is to be ASTM Fuel Oil No. 2 : as specified in the Standard
for Specification for Fuel Oils, ASTM D396.

31.6 Two samples are to be tested without any conditioning, in the as-received condition.

31.7 The tests are to be conducted using the wooden apparatus illustrated in Figure 31.1. The apparatus
and the samples are to be in thermal equilibrium with the surrounding air, which is to be at a temperature
of 73 ±14 a F (23 ±8°C) and at a relative humidity of 50 ±5 percent throughout the test. A new length of tape
is to be used for each sample. The tape is to be No. 50-2/20 unbleached cotton braid approximately 1/2
inch (12.7 mm) wide. One end of the tape is to be attached to a reciprocating table (with the table at one
end of its travel), and a weight of 1 pound-mass (0.45 kg-mass) is to be attached to the other end before
any sample is put in place.

Figure 31.1
Side and roller-end view of marking permanency test apparatus

SPECIMEN
UNDER TEST
COTTON TAPE

APPROX. 1 / 1 6 in APPROX. 1 / 1 6 in
- * 2 g in (1.5mm)
FIXED DOWEL (73mm
ROLLER

64

- in ( 3 m m )
SB1173C

31 .8 The tape is to be lifted and a sample placed in the slot as shown in Figure 31.1 with the printing at
the center of the arc of contact between the tape and sample. The ends of the sample are to be secured to
keep the printed area of the sample from rotating out from under the tape. The tape is then to be lowered
gently into place on the sample.

31.9 The table is to be started in its horizontal reciprocating motion (simple hamionic motion) at the rate
of approximately 28 cycles per minute, each cycle consisting of one complete back-and-forth motion
(approximately a 6-1/4 inch (159 mm) stroke. The table is to be stopped after 50 cycles. The conditioned
samples are to be examined for legibility of printing. Three unconditioned samples are to be subjected to
an additional 50 cycles of rubbing with the other side of the cotton tape before being examined. If the
printing is illegible on one or more of the samples, the marking on the pipe is not allowed to be used.
JULY 30, 2019 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 33

MANUFACTURING AND PRODUCTION TESTS

32 General

32.1 The manufacturer shall conduct the necessary production control, inspection, and tests. The
program shall include the continuous monitoring of the wall thickness described in Section 33, Wall
Thickness Monitoring.

33 Wall Thickness Monitoring

33.1 Each pipe extrusion line shall have a single point continuous wall thickness monitor to verify that the
pipe conforms to thickness specifications. The monitor shall incorporate a continuous readout of actual
wall thickness and provide an alarm when the extruded wall thickness is below the minimum. Where
applicable, the wall thickness monitor shall be adjusted to compensate for shrinkage during the curing
period

MARKINGS

34 General

34.1 If a manufacturer produces pipe or fittings at more than one factory, the pipe and fittings shall have
a distinctive marking or identifying symbol to identify it as the product of a particular factory.

35 Pipe

35.1 Each length of pipe shall be legibly marked with letters not less than 3/16 inch (4.8 mm) high on the
outside surface with the following:

a) Name or trademark of the Manufacturer or private labeler;

b) Generic pipe material (for example, CPVC, crosslinked polyethylene or PEX);

c) Size, pressure rating, and temperature rating of the pipe;

d) If the pipe is made to conform to more than one outside dimensional specification for the fire
sprinkler application, the outside dimensional specification such as "CTS" for copper tube size or
"IPS'* for iron pipe size shall be included; and

e) Date and shift of manufacture,

36 Fittings

36.1 Each fitting shall be legibly marked with the following:

a) Name or trademark of the Manufacturer or private labeler;

b) Generic fitting material (for example, CPVC or PEX);

c) Size of fitting;

d) If the fittings are made to conform to more than one outside dimensional specification for the fire
sprinkler application, the outside dimensional specification such as "CTS" for copper tube size or
"IPS" for iron pipe size shall be included;

e) The thread designation when the fitting is threaded in accordance with 9,5(c); and
34 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 JULY 30, 2019

f) Year of Manufacture. Fittings manufactured in the last 3 months of a calendar year are allowed to
be marked with the following year as the date of manufacture, and fittings manufactured in the first
3 months of a calendar year are allowed to be marked with the previous year as the date of
manufacture.

INSTRUCTIONS

37 Installation and Design Manual

37.1 A copy of the installation and design manual shall be provided for use as a reference in the
examination and testing of pipe and fittings.

37.2 The installation and design manual shall reference the information required for proper installlation of
the piping and shall include at least the following items:

a) A description of the pipe, fittings, and equipment needed for assembling a sprinklersystem using
the thermoplastic pipe and fittings;

b) Detailed instructions and illustrations for assembling sections of pipe, fittings and the attachment
of sprinklers;

c) Maximum rated pressure;

d) Maximum rated temperature for which the pipe and fittings are to be installed and information on
methods that are allowed to be used to reduce the exposure temperature;

e) Description of the methods to be used to inspect and test the piping system after installation;

f) Information regarding proper storage of the pipe and fittings prior to installation;

g) Friction loss characteristics of the pipe and fittings;

h j Description of all limitations and special installation and design criteria associated with the use of
the product, including at least the following;

1) Pipe hanger spacing;

2) Type of pipe hangers to be used;

3) Requirements for piping and sprinkler restraint;

4) Temperature rating classification of sprinklers;

5) Restrictions on piping location within the building, including a statement that the piping is
to be installed at least 24 inches (610 mm) from air return grilles or other openings in the
ceiling;

Exception: Piping may be installed closer than 24 inches to an air return grille or other
openings in the ceiling when evaluated as such and described in the installation and design
manual;

6) For flexible pipe, the minimum bending radius values;

7) Occupancy use; and

8) Information on the minimum required protection for the piping as determined by the Fire
Exposure Test, Section 13.
JULY 30, 2019 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 35

I) The name of the Manufacturer or private labeler, or equivalent designation; and

j) Issue date of the installation and design manual.

36 ANSI/CAN/UL 1821:2019 JULY 30, 2019

ANNEX A

Standards for Components

Standards under which components of the products covered by this standard are evaluated include the
following:

Title of Standard - UL Standard Designation

Flammability of Plastic Materials for Parts in Devices and Appliances, Tests for - UL 94
Plastic Sprinkler Pipe for Visible Flame and Smoke Characteristics, Fire Test of - UL 1887
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Northbrook, Illinois 60062-2096
847.272.8800

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