GLOBAL
E-COMMERCE
REPORT
Prepared by - Ashmita Kushwah
About the Industry
The global e-commerce industry has revolutionized the way businesses and consumers interact, offering convenience and accessibility like never before. The international e-commerce industry in 2025 is
experiencing a significant growth and transformation driven by technological advancements, digital adoption and geopolitical factors.
The sector has transformed traditional commerce by enabling seamless, borderless, and round-the-clock buying and selling experiences.
Market Size
The global E-commerce market size accounted for $18.77
trillion in 2024.
It is projected to be worth around $43.86 trillion by 2030,
at a CAGR of 11.20% from 2024 to 2030
China is the largest ecommerce market in the world
followed by USA, UK, Japan, and South Korea.
Asia-Pacific
Asia Pacific e-commerce market is USD $10.70 in 2024. It is estimated
to be USD $25.00 by 2030 growing at a CAGR of 11.19%.
It covers approximately 46% of the total international e-commerce.
China is the biggest e-commerce market in Asia Pacific followed by
Japan and Australia.
India is among the top five e-commerce markets in the region.
Market Segmentation
By Application By Model Type By Region
Market Leaders
01 Amazon.com Inc. Concentrated
02 Alibaba Group Holding Limited
03 Walmart Inc. Market
Concentration
04 Airbnb, Inc.
E-commerce market
05 JD.com Inc.
Fragmented
Increased internet Digital Payment
penetration Solutions
The e-commerce market has Adoption of secure and convenient
significant growth due to increased digital methods such as UPI, mobile
internet penetration which enabled wallets etc enhanced e-commerce
millions of consumers in online growth.
shopping.
Demand
Drivers
Shift in consumer Technological
behaviour Innovations
Consumers prefer online shopping Advancements in technology such as
especially post covid because of AI, ML and data analytics allows
convenience, wider range of products personalized shopping experience,
and time saving. improves customer satisfaction and
retention.
Industry Rise of AI & ML Expansion of
Social Commerce
Trends Hyper personalization
Highly tailored shopping
Shopping directly through
social media apps will grow.
experience
Shaping Dynamic pricing
Enhancing customer
Features like shoppable posts
and live-stream selling will
rise.
satisfaction
Future
Sustainability & Future of Last -
Ethical Shopping Mile Delivery
Eco-friendly and ethical products Drones and robots will speed
will be prioritized. up deliveries.
Brands must adopt sustainable Same-day delivery will
practices to gain trust. become the new norm.
Revenue Models
SALES REVENUE SUBSCRIPTION ADVERTISING
MODEL MODEL MODEL
TRANSACTION
AFFILIATE FEE
REVENUE MODEL
MODEL
Direct online sales Businesses charge a Revenue through hosting
through websites such recurring fee to provide advertisements, charging
as amazon.in access to their services based on traffic and
Reach wider audience such as Netflix, LinkedIn visibility such as
Facebook
Involves earn a
Platforms charge a fee for
commission by promoting
each transaction
other brands’ products on
conducted through them
your online store
such as payment gateways
Porter’s Five Forces Model
Threat of new entrants Bargaining power of Bargaining power of Threat of substitute Competitive Rivalry
suppliers buyers products
Low due to several entry Low because of large High due to wider choice Moderate Very high
barriers number of suppliers availability, Competition from brick- The competition is very
And high competition Except for some niche no switching cost and and-mortar companies tough among top players
making i difficulat for new suppliers who are easily accessible such as Amazon and
entrants to gain market offering unique or information Walmart
share. excxlusive products. Competition from small e-
commerce and brick-and-
mortar stores.
Financial Performance
Amazon, Walmart and Alibaba are the top players in the global e-commerce industry.
Revenue: Gross Margins:
Amazon and Walmart lead in revenue, consistently exceeding Amazon leads with 48.85%, followed by Alibaba (37.70%).
$600 billion in 2024. Walmart has the lowest gross margin at 24.38%, reflecting its focus on
Alibaba lags behind, generating revenue in the $130–150 price competitiveness.
billion range. Net Margins:
Revenue has increased year-on-year for all three players, Amazon again leads with 9.29%, followed closely by Alibaba (8.47%).
indicating steady growth in global e-commerce demand. Walmart has a slim 2.39% net margin, reflecting its high operational
costs.
Macroeconomic Environment Analysis
Political Economical Environmental
Significant impact on the growth of e- Economic growth boosts e-commerce E-commerce has low direct impact but
commerce through higher spending and digital high focus on sustainability.
Political barriers like red tape (especially in access. Key areas include eco-friendly
regions like India) can slow down market entry Globalization reduces costs by packaging, waste reduction, and
and expansion. minimizing intermediaries. renewable energy.
Rising regulatory scrutiny globally is increasing Weak economies slow down revenue and Major players like Amazon are investing
compliance burdens for major players. industry growth. in green technologies.
Social Technological Legal
Privacy concerns influence consumer trust E-commerce heavily relies on Compliance with diverse laws is essential
and online behavior. evolving digital technologies. to avoid legal and reputational risks.
Mobile usage is driving e-commerce Staying competitive requires E-commerce firms must follow labor,
growth globally. constant tech upgrades. sustainability, and data laws across
Cultural norms and ethical expectations Online retail success depends on countries.
shape digital marketing and platform tech-driven sales and service Legal compliance increases operational
usage. innovations. costs but ensures long-term stability
Challenges
Consistency in customer experience across different regions is essential.
Localization and Language Relying on just one language (like English) can hinder communication with global users.
Tailor language to suit native speakers for better engagement.
Technological Infrastructure quality differs from country to country.
Using the same server setup globally can lead to slow performance in some regions.
Infrastructural facilities
Poor access negatively impacts conversion and user experience.
Consumer Support Offer instructions and customer service in multiple languages.
and Service Tailor support (e.g., FAQs) to local language needs for effectiveness.
For complex products, multilingual help is often essential.
Compliance with Healthy A rise in small package deliveries creates challenges in meeting safety and health regulations across
different countries.
and Safety Regulations
Pandemic-related disruptions and technical trade barriers (TBT) have made it harder for global
regulators to assess risks and ensure product compliance.
Recent Mergers and Acquisitions
Kaspi.kz Acquires Prosus Acquires
Hepsiburada for $1.13B Despegar for $1.7B
Kaspi.kz buys 65% of Hepsiburada for Prosus to acquire Despegar for $1.7B;
$1.13B, expanding into Türkiye. deal closes in Q2 2025.
Both focus on tech innovation and Despegar is LatAm’s top online travel
profitable growth. brand, active in 20 countries.
Hepsiburada has 12M users and positive In 2024, it posted $5.6B in bookings
EBITDA. and $172M EBITDA.
They’ll collaborate but keep separate Prosus to boost synergies via iFood
brands. and fintech ecosystem.
Deal boosts regional e-commerce Goal: build LatAm’s #1 lifestyle e-
leadership. commerce platform.
Regulatory and Legal Environment
Consumer Protection Laws: Ensure fair pricing, Data Privacy & Security: Compliance with GDPR,
product quality, returns, and customer rights. CCPA; protect personal & financial data.
Intellectual Property Rights: Respect for Advertising & Marketing: Avoid deceptive practices; ensure
copyrights, trademarks, and patents. transparency & ethics.
Payment Security: Use secure gateways, fraud Supply Chain Ethics: Ensure sustainability, fair
detection, and encryption. labor, and environmental responsibility.
Accessibility & Inclusivity: Adhere to WCAG Cross-border Compliance: Align with global
standards for all user access. trade laws, taxes, and jurisdiction rules.
Summary
Rapid Growth: Global e-commerce is expanding fast, projected to reach $43.86 trillion by
2030, driven by digitalization and global internet access.
Innovation-Led: Technologies like AI, ML, and social commerce are reshaping consumer
experiences and operational models.
Sustainability Matters: Ethical sourcing, green logistics, and inclusive design are becoming
essential for brand trust.
Regulatory Compliance: Adhering to data privacy, consumer laws, and IP rights is crucial for
international operations.
Competitive Edge: Success depends on agility, tech integration, regional customization, and
customer-centric strategies.
