IN THIS ISSUE: WINTER 2010

Tax Facts: A review of potential tax savings

with Bonus Depreciation • Page 3

The Importance of routine

compressor washes • Page 8-9

Skytech Aircraft Management

Services • Page 10

A Re-Registration
update/reminder • Page 12

Line Up and Wait.

I believe there is an old saying
“Good things are worth waiting
for.” Anyone that has been around
the development of a new airplane
knows that you will always wait
longer than expected for certification
– especially when it is an all-new
aircraft model. But does the wait
always make it better?
In the case of the Piperjet Altaire
we think the answer is a resounding
“Yes.” The Proof of Concept that
started its life as a stretched version
of the PA-46 fuselage more than
did its job. It proved that you could
mount a single turbofan engine
on the top of the fuselage - high
thrust line and all - and have a great
performing, yet docile at all speeds
single-engine jet. Now with the
power of a new ownership group,
overhauled and upgraded technical
and marketing staff, Piper is posed
to produce a highly refined version
for delivery in 2014. The new
Altaire will sport a larger, fully round
fuselage featuring more head and
leg room, along with Garmin G3000
avionics.
So what do you do until 2014? Fly,
train, and upgrade. In fact, Piper has
several programs with incentives
that tie current production airplanes
such as the Matrix, Mirage, or
In today’s environment a successful aircraft numbers that is large enough to comfortably Meridian to the purchase of a new
must excel in multiple categories for market and efficiently perform both personal and Piperjet Altaire. If this airplane
acceptance and ultimately prominence. Per- business missions. The original Proof Of Con- or anything else you see in our
formance only matters if it is accomplished cept (POC) aircraft validated the programs’ magazine is of interest to you, feel
efficiently. Advanced technology is wonder- expectations with data collected during 375 + free to call us for more information.
ful but only if you are comfortable while en- extensive flight test hours and 350 + takeoffs
Skytech, Inc., publisher of this magazine
joying its benefits. And of course the aircraft and landings. It was clear that not only does is an aircraft sales and service company
must represent a solid value. You can go on the design work – but it works extremely with FBOs in Westminster, MD (DMW),
and on but the point is that a successful air- well. Rock Hill, SC (UZA – Charlotte Metro
craft is one that is desirable on many fronts That said, the original POC was based on a Area) and Administrative Headquarters in
Baltimore, MD (MTN).
– for many people. stretch of the PA-46 fuselage and presented
Your thoughts, suggestions, comments
The PiperJet made its first public debut three key issues: and criticism are important to us and
at NBAA in Orlando, Florida on October 17, 1. Cabin Volume – Although the POC cross we will always welcome reader feedback.
2006. Promising to blend performance and section represents a wonderful cabin for the Please respond to:
efficiency in a comfortable, modern design Mirage and Meridian class of aircraft, more Mike Fitzgerald
Executive Vice-President
– the PiperJet seemed to sit in a class by it- space was desired for the PiperJet.
mfitzgerald@skytechinc.com
self. A single-engine light jet with impressive 2. Scalability – Ultimately, Piper’s goal is
see PiperJet Altaire on page 4
 MAGAZINE STAFF

Publisher
Mike Fitzgerald

Executive Editor/Writer
Market Perspective.
Justin Lazzeri The bursting of the housing bubble resulted in
what nearly everyone agrees is the worst recession Change in Value in Previous and Current Recession

Consultant/Writer ever. Just how bad is it? In the tables that follow Previous Current
Leslie Chesley we compare the recent collapse to the recession
which followed the dot-com bubble and 911. 1985 King Air C90A -16% -27%
Columnist 1985 Ce Conquest -25% -18%
Dave Conover Piston Singles and Twins 1985 King Air B200 -28% -32%
Art Director 1980 Cheyenne II -19% -24%
Currently, piston singles and twins appear sta- 2000 Citation Excel -17% -45%
Michelle Powell ble. The small up trend in prices seen in early 2010
1991 Beechjet -45% -51%
Artist has flattened, while buyers assimilate the higher
prices and more importantly, the world situation. 2000 Gulfstream IVSP -30% -53%
Bruce Quade
The Vref Light Single Index managed a 1% climb 2000 Hawker 800XP -31% -48%
in the recent quarter. Complex Singles up 1.3%. *Previous Recession (Turbine Market) 2000-2003

Both twin indices crept up less than a percentage

Barring a widespread calamity, we fully expect
point.
THE ADVANTAGE demand to slowly improve for late model, no
MAGAZINE STAFF negative airplanes – of all sizes. However, some
REQUESTS YOUR Change in Value in Previous and Current Recession segments – older, out-of-production, hopelessly
FEEDBACK! outdated airplanes – are bloated and may never
Previous Current recover. At least part of this is due to lending con-
We would greatly appreciate 1990 A36 Bonanza -9% -10% straints for 20+ year-old airplanes.
hearing from you! Please tell us 1990 B55 Baron -14% -16% For years we have espoused a bubble economy.
what you think of Advantage Well now we are thinking it is more a Fear Econo-
1984 Cessna 182 -9% -13%
magazine and offer any my. Try this: Next time you are on the interstate,
thoughts you have for improving 1982 Cessna 421C -18% -15% look at the train tracks next to the highway. If it is
this publication. Our goal 1984 Cessna 210 -9% -6% like the train that runs along I-40, it is packed with
is to provide helpful, 1985 Beech Duke -26% -17% containers going to or from you or me or China – it
interesting information that 1990 Mooney M20M -16% -21% is stuff that someone is buying or selling. Then,
you enjoy reading. 1984 Piper Archer -6% -8% look on the road. It seems there are more trucks
*Previous Recession (Piston Market) 2001-2004
than cars, which means they are also full of stuff
Your opinions, suggestions, we are selling to each other. Commerce is hap-
as well as ideas for new pening, just not fast enough to trickle up to avia-
articles and content are Tubroprops and Jets
tion – yet. Probably the most important thing at
important for continuing this point is: Stay in touch with reality, whether it’s
improvement and growth By checking the Market Indices at VrefOnline.
politics or the airplane market. And finally, what to
that will serve all our readers. com, one can see that turboprops and jets do real-
make the phone ring? Put a realistic asking price
ly well in the good times, then come roaring down
on your airplane. •
Email us at: when the bubble bursts. All turbine segments con-
Advantage@Skytechinc.com tinue to trend down. Turboprops are nearly flat,
800-394-1334 losing less than a percentage point. The Vref Light WE KNOW THE VALUE
Thank you!
Jet Index lost 3.8% in the recent quarter. Mid-size OF A GOOD AIRPLANE!
jet prices were off an average of 4.1%, and Large
Jets dropped 3.3%, Vref Aircraft Price Guides
This has to be the best of times to be a profes-
sional economist – lots of data, and lots of people
Accurate • Complete
only $195 per year
The Pilot-In-Command is solely
responsible for the safe and proper
operation of his/her aircraft and it is
desperately willing to pay for a forecast. The truth
the responsibility of the pilot-in- is, no matter how brilliant you are, a forecast is an
Order Line: 800-773-VREF (8733)
command to operate that aircraft in
educated guess at best. One of our favorite econo-
compliance with that aircraft’s Pilot’s
Operating Handbook and other mists says that he correctly predicted five of the Fax 913-879-2588 www.vrefpub.com
official manuals and directives.
last three recessions. PO Box 23321 Shawnee Mission, KS 66283

2
BONUS DEPRECIATION Available for 2011 Deliveries
President Obama has signed the Small tax projections for 2011 and determine if you that any tax advice contained in this
Business Jobs Act of 2010. This legislation you can benefit from bonus depreciation in communication, including any attachments,
brings back 50% bonus depreciation for 2011. was not intended or written to be used, and
qualified business aircraft purchases.
Property placed in service in taxable years
beginning after January 1, 2010 and before 2011 Piper Meridian Purchase - $2,100,000
December 31, 2010 will qualify for 50% (Price shown for illustrative purposes only Consult your dealer for exact pricing.)
bonus depreciation.
The general rule to qualify for bonus Tax Year 2011-Bonus Depr. 2011-No Bonus Depr.
depreciation includes: Section 179 Expensing 400,000 400,000
• Purchase and place in service a new
business aircraft in 2010 Bonus Depreciation 850,000 -0-
• Aircraft held as demonstrator by factory
or dealer will qualify as new aircraft MACRS Depreciation 170,000 340,000
• Acquiring an existing position in the Total Depreciation Deductions 1,420,000 740,000
market place for an aircraft that will deliver
in 2010 can qualify for bonus depreciation. Potential Income Tax Savings 568,000 296,000
If the following requirements are met, from depreciation (40% combined tax rates)
a 2011 delivery can also qualify for bonus
depreciation:
• Signing a binding contract to buy a new Aviation Tax Consultants (ATC) assists cannot be used, for the purpose of avoiding
aircraft by December 31, 2010 aircraft purchasers in acquiring aircraft in a federal tax related penalties or promoting,
• Making a non-refundable deposit of tax efficient manner. Our services include marketing or recommending to another
the lessor of: the elimination or reduction of sales tax at party any tax related matters addressed
• 10 percent of the cost, or the time of purchase, maximizing income herein. •
• $100,000 tax savings, controlling the cost of personal Daniel Cheung, CPA,
• Taking delivery and placing the use of the aircraft, avoiding passive activity Member
aircraft in service for Part 91 operation by loss rules and complying with Federal
December 31, 2011 Aviation Regulations. Cooperation with
Below is an illustration of a 2011 Piper client’s current tax and legal advisors is
Meridian purchase. The after-tax cash flow welcome and encouraged.
difference is over $270,000 if you meet the Disclosure Under IRS Circular 230: To
bonus depreciation provisions for a 2011 ensure compliance with requirements
delivery. You should review your personal recently imposed by the IRS, we inform

3
 gage compartment within the pressure
vessel. If that isn’t enough the airplane is
customizable with either an additional bag-
gage area across from the cabin door…or
an entertainment center….or a 7th seat…
or a fully enclosable lavatory! This flexibil-
ity makes the Piper Altaire the only jet in
It’s All About Space its class to offer choices to customize the
cabin based on the mission. Truly a revo-
One look at the new design of the lutionary idea and one that should be very
PiperJet Altaire and it is obvious the enticing to a lot of operators.
Piperjet Altaire fuselage is significantly larger than the Ingress and egress to the PiperJet Altaire
continued from page 1
POC. The PiperJet Altaire’s fuselage is aided by a 3 foot wide cabin door. Not
to develop a derivative family is round and mounted on top of only will this be welcomed by passengers,
of airplanes with the PiperJet and the wing. Mounting the fuselage but think of the cargo carrying options that
thus the original design must allow on top of the wing means there could be possible simply because “it eas-
for future variations. is no spar intrusion through the ily fit through the door”!
3. Styling – It was realized through flight cabin as well as allowing a streamlined
testing that a cleaner, sleeker looking air- belly fairing for aerodynamic and aesthetic Performance and Efficiency
plane could be produced compared to the purposes. The ability to capitalize on the
original POC. maximum space for cabin occupants has le As is the case with most aircraft, it all
“While the earlier PiperJet design, with d to the development of a drop down aisle starts with the powerplant. In the PiperJet
its M-class cabin cross section, provided floor. In the end, PiperJet Altaire custom- Altaire’s case that powerplant is the Wil-
a comfortable environment, we wanted to ers will benefit from a cabin that is 9 inches liams International FJ44-3AP Turbofan with
give our jet customers an even roomier taller and 4 inches wider than the original de-rated 2,500 lbs of static thrust at sea
light jet that incorporates a scalable design POC. That’s no small change! Along with level, Full Authority Digital Engine Con-
paving the way for a future family of com- increased space, the PiperJet Altaire is the trol (FADEC), and a TBO of 4,000 hrs. The
petitive business jets,” said Piper CEO recipient of a new interior styled for pas- FJ44-3AP is derived from the type certified
Geoffrey Berger. senger comfort. Highlights of the new cab- FJ44-3A engine and has an improved thrust
in include: to weight ratio along with durability im-
Enter the PiperJet Altaire • No spar intrusion provements derived from the large FJ44-3A
• Dynamic passenger and crew seats for in- fleet.
Behind the scenes Piper has gathered creased safety and comfort A major piece of information discovered
an impressive list of industry savvy engi- • LED lighting for improved reliability and during flight testing was the positive sta-
neers to revolutionize and bring to market reduced maintenance costs bility of the aircraft during power changes.
the PiperJet. At this year’s NBAA in Atlanta, • Dual-Zoned environmental control One of Piper’s test pilots has referred to
Georgia the evolved PiperJet was unveiled • 4 inches of additional elbow room these pitch changes as “easily manageable
with substantial improvements over the • Cabin height 9 inches taller without trimming”. That is impressive for
POC – so much so that it merited a new • 12.5” drop down center aisle width any airplane. However, to further reduce
name: The PiperJet Altaire. Let’s explore Got bags? The PiperJet Altaire is any pitch changes on the PiperJet Altaire,
what makes this airplane so unique and equipped with a 20 cu ft nose baggage Williams International developed Exhaust
why it’s firmly planted for a successful fu- compartment (large enough to fit golf Angle Control Technology (EXACT). EXACT
ture. clubs) and another 20 cu ft aft cabin bag- see PiperJet Altaire on page 5

4
PiperJet Altaire A Fantastic Value
continued from page 4

is a passive thrust vectoring nozzle which Slated for customer deliveries in 2014 Piper Aircraft, Inc. has a rich legacy spanning over
counteracts the thrust / pitch coupling at the PiperJet Altaire is primed for success 72 + years of bringing to market almost 150,000
sea-level static takeoff conditions and in both the personal and business aviation aircraft through more than 160 models certified.
straightens the thrust vector at cruise con- arena. The larger fuselage equates to sig- Approximately 90,000 of those aircraft are still
ditions – all with no moving parts – it is sim- nificantly more cabin volume and a drop- flying and being serviced and supported on every
ply a nozzle. In addition, a slimmer, longer down center aisle will make movement continent by Piper’s network of authorized ser-
nacelle is coupled to a shorter and farther throughout the refined interior effortless. vices centers, dealers and field personnel. Piper’s
aft vertical tail on the PiperJet Altaire. The The remarkable performance figures are ownership – Imprimis - is committed to invest
end result is an airplane that has minimal matched with operating costs of a single- significant capital in Piper’s current operations to
pitch changes with power movements and engine making it one of the most fiscally strengthen its position in its traditional markets
looks very sleek. conservative jets on the market. And the
and support the development of key new prod-
What does all this mean for performance? flexibility offered through interior configu-
ucts such as the PiperJet Altaire. “Piper’s capa-
Simple: lighter weight, uncomplicated and ration options provides one aircraft that
powerful systems = increased performance can support a wide variety of missions – all bilities, its excellent dealer family and extensive
capabilities and reliability. For the Piper- coupled with advanced technology such customer base, coupled with Imprimis’s capabil-
Jet Altaire the numbers are impressive. as the Garmin G3000 touch-screen flight ity to provide financial support, our dedication to
deck. growing the companies we invest in and our con-
Max Cruise Speed 360 KTAS Impressive programs are currently in tacts within Asia provide fertile ground for Piper
place to assist buyers looking to advance to expand its business in the Asian market and
Max Range 1,300 NM to their own PiperJet Altaire. For new sin- throughout the world,” said Imprimis Managing
Range w. 800 lb Payload 1,200 NM gle-engine turboprop Meridian buyers, Partner Stephen W. Berger. A key step in moving
Max Altitude 35,000 ft Piper offers $100,000 off the $2.5 million forward was the appointment of Randy Groom as
dollar base purchase price of the PiperJet Executive Vice President. Randy is an experienced
Fuel Capacity 405 Gallons Altaire. Buyers of new pressurized single-
senior executive and prominent aviation profes-
engine piston Mirages get $50,000 off the
sional with more than 36 years of leadership roles
Coupled with these impressive perfor- purchase price of a new Altaire, while buy-
mance numbers is the hard-to-beat effi- ers of unpressurized single-engine piston in General Aviation. “One of the main reasons I
ciency of a single-engine turbine. Single- Matrixes can defer $25,000 of the initial de- was attracted to Piper is because I love their prod-
engine turbines are not a new concept. The posit of $75,000 on a new PiperJet Altaire. ucts and really believe they are the right aircraft
Piper Meridian, TBM series, Cessna Cara- Piper will escrow the initial deposit. For for these times,” said Groom. For more informa-
van and Pilatus PC12 are all very successful more information contact your local Piper tion about Piper please visit www.piper.com.
airplanes and a major part of that success is dealer. Now is a great time to join the Piper
the simplicity of operation, efficiency and family! •
safety record that a reliable single turbine
engine provides. The PiperJet Altaire takes
single-engine turbine performance to a
new level and does so with the efficiency
of operation that will be hard to ignore.

Technology At Your Fingertips

The PiperJet Altaire is equipped with

a state-of-the-art flight deck: the Garmin
G3000. The Garmin G3000 is the first touch-
screen controlled glass panel designed for
light turbine aircraft. If features three dis-
plays, two touch screen controllers and a
GFC 700 automatic flight control system.
Some distinct advantages of touch-screen
technology include replacement of many
mechanical knobs, buttons and switches
and focusing the control to a centralized
location. An intuitive layout of options
makes controlling navigation, communica-
tion, radar, synthetic vision, terrain avoid-
ance, aircraft systems and more - all user-
friendly and simple with just the touch of
a finger. In short, the Garmin G3000 gives
the pilot more control, less workload and
greater safety.
5
ADS-B: The Future…
Only Slightly Cloudy
It seems like every trade publication, approximately 1 to 2 miles. One distinct specifications set out in Advisory Circular
website and show has some mention of limitation of the current radar system is its 20-165. ADS-B In refers to the aircraft’s
ADS-B these days. One thing is a clear line of site requirement. If you can’t draw ability to accept and then display that
constant between the mediums – there are a straight line between your aircraft and information received from their surrounding
a lot questions and confusion surrounding the radar site then you are out of view and environment. This functionality requires
its purpose, implementation schedule and luck. the aircraft to be equipped with a display
value. Let’s see if we can shed a little light ADS-B relies on the satellite-based of some sort that is compatible with the
on the subject. global positioning systems to determine incoming information. The advantages
an aircraft’s precise location in space. The to pilots who have such equipment are
What is it and how does it work? system then converts the position into a not only a “real-time” accounts of traffic
digital code, which is combined with other conflicts in the area as the controllers are
To improve the safety, efficiency and information such as the type of aircraft, its seeing them, but also the FAA is providing
capacity of our Nation Airspace System speed, its flight number, and whether it’s fight information such as graphical weather
(NAS), the Federal Aviation Administration turning, climbing or descending. The digital depiction and textual flight advisories.
is transforming the current ground-based code with all this information is updated Both the traffic and weather services would
air traffic control system to a satellite several times a second and broadcast from be offered free of charge to those aircraft
based system called ADS-B (Automatic the aircraft on a discrete frequency, called a that are properly equipped. Sound good
Dependent Surveillance-Broadcast). As datalink. Other aircraft and ground stations right?
the cornerstone of the Next Generation Air within about 150 miles receive the datalink
Transportation System (NextGen), ADS-B broadcasts and display the information Now for the cloudy…
supports these improvements and enables in a user-friendly format for controllers
the NAS to accommodate growth expected and surrounding aircraft (when properly Let’s dive into where some of the
from future demand. ADS-B is almost like equipped) to see. Both the controllers and confusion lies. On May 27th 2010 the FAA
a transponder – but with extra capabilities aircraft are viewing the same accurate, real- issued a final rule mandating ADS-B Out
and benefits. The most basic purpose of time information. equipage by January 1, 2020. Essentially,
the system is to keep aircraft separated. any aircraft operating in airspace where a
In our current Air Traffic Control set- ADS-B In vs ADS-B Out Mode C transponder is required today will
up, radar sites throughout the country also be required to carry an ADS-B Out
interrogate transponders of aircraft There are two main components of the transmitter. Aircraft are still required to
and compute the return through basic ADS-B system as it pertains to aircraft. carry transponders after this date as well.
principles of geometric arithmetic to ADS-B Out is the ability to transmit a In another more recent report issued by
determine parameters such as distance and properly formatted ADS-B message from the FAA it was declared that nationwide
altitude. The information is updated with the aircraft to the satellites, ground stations ADS-B coverage will be complete in 2013.
every sweep of the radar but takes time; and other aircraft. To comply with ADS-B However, there are many questions still
approximately 4-5 seconds. This process Out standards your transponder and other left unanswered and in an October 12, 2010
hones the aircraft’s location to within avionics equipment (GPS) must meet the Memorandum from the U.S. Department of
Transportation to the FAA they were clearly
spelled out:
“FAA is making progress in implementing
ADS-B at limited locations and working
with airspace users to refine the use of the
new technology. However, FAA’s plans to
deploy ADS-B throughout the National
Airspace System (NAS) and realize
expected benefits face significant risks and
challenges.
The greatest risks to successfully
implementing ADS-B are airspace users’
reluctance to purchase and install new
avionics for their aircraft and FAA’s ability
to define requirements for the more
advanced capabilities…..Moreover, while
FAA is planning to mandate equipage for
“ADS-B Out” by 2020, it plans to initially

6
provide ADS-B surveillance information
that essentially replicates existing
domestic radar coverage – resulting in
few new benefits to airspace users. Most
new capabilities and benefits, such as
enhancing airspace capacity, rely on “ADS-B
In” and the display of information in the
cockpit. However, requirements and costs
for ADS-B In may not be mature for at least
2 years. FAA has also yet to fully define
requirements for modifying its existing
automation systems that will display
ADS-B information to controllers. Problems
with integrating ADS-B on displays at the
initial operating sites indicate this will
be a significant challenge to nationwide
deployment. Until FAA effectively
addresses these uncertainties associated
with equipage and requirements for ADS-
B’s advanced capabilities, progress with
ADS-B will be limited, and the potential
for cost increases, delays and performance such as the Gulf of Mexico and the Alaska We would be wise to keep a keen eye on
shortfalls will continue.” Capstone experiment – that it has worked developments in this field before making
The report goes on to offer wonderfully. Aircraft that never had access any immediate changes to our aircraft, but
recommendations to the FAA for to radar coverage and separation services also realizing its potential and jumping on-
successful implementation and return on were all of the sudden being provided their board when the wrinkles are ironed out.
investment. In short, there is very little usefulness. ADS-B can work, but there are For now, there is no harm in sticking with
disagreement that in the test areas where some substantial hurdles to cross before your current traffic and weather avoidance
ADS-B has been fully implemented – a nationwide success story can be written. systems and seeing how the chips fall. •

Skytech is proud to be the chosen

maintenance provider of
AOPA’s Cessna Caravan.

Call us to see how the Skytech Advantage

can be put to work for you.

Martin State Airport – Baltimore, MD (MTN)

York County Airport – Rock Hill, SC (UZA)
Carroll County Regional Airport – Westminster, MD (DMW)

800.394.1334 www.skytechinc.com
Corrosion and Sulphidation:
Determined Enemies of your PT-6
The reliability of a turbine engine is 1. Two separate areas of the metal
undeniable. Specifically, the PT-6 series surface acting as electrodes
of engines from Pratt & Whitney Canada 2. A path for the electrons to flow
has garnered worldwide acceptance as 3. The metal itself to complete the
a bullet-proof design and as such can electrical circuit
be seen under the cowl of hundreds of
different aircraft models throughout the This series of events creates the
years. Initially developed in 1957 when chemical reaction that is corrosion and
P&WC set out to produce a gas turbine leads to the consumption of metal.
engine for medium and light aircraft, the Electrolytes are typically those from
PT-6 has spawned many different variants the environment. One of the reasons
and is in operation in every corner of the that metals exposed to a “salt-laden
globe. However, as tough and reliable environment” corrode more quickly is
as the PT-6 is, there is a constant battle that it creates an excellent electrolyte. It
brewing within the structure of every contains chlorides, sulphides and other
turbine engine that demands our utmost elements and compounds that chemically
attention: Corrosion and Sulphidation. react with the metal. These materials
hold moisture on the surface where they
What is the difference between can promote corrosion and pitting unless
Corrosion and Sulphidation? the metal is properly protected.

First let’s clear up the fact that Sulphidation is a hot-corrosion industrial complexes, cities or volcanic
sulphidation is not the same as corrosion phenomenon. Every turbine engine regions, the engine’s intake system will
– although they have similar results. uses fuel containing sulfur in sufficient be a path for those additional catalysts
Corrosion is the deterioration of a material amounts for sulphidation to occur. When to reach the battle already raging within
in a reaction with the environment. All that sulfur is burned at high temperatures the combustion chamber of the engine.
metals will corrode over time; however it emits sodium sulfate gas. Sulphidation The hot section of the engine becomes
the rate and severity of corrosion varies is accelerated by the presence of sodium ground zero where sulphidation occurs
with the particular metal and the specific catalysts in the environment such as and once the attack successfully
environment that the metal is exposed to. seawater, atmospheric pollutants and penetrates a Compressor Turbine (CT)
Corrosion reactions are electrochemical volcanic discharges. If the aircraft blade’s protective oxide coating and
in nature. For Corrosion to occur, all of operates near any of those areas reaches the base metal there is no way
the following must be present: containing the catalysts such as oceans, see Corrosion on page 9

STAGE ONE STAGE two STAGE three STAGE four

8
Corrosion to remove more stubborn chemicals costs. Per P&WC’s SIL, “It is important
continued from page 8
adhering to internal engine components. to remember that the compressor wash
to reverse the process. Should the This is more commonly referred to as a provides the best results if performed
sulphidation be allowed to progress too “performance recovery” wash. In addition after the last flight of the day before salt
far, the CT blades will have to be replaced to these methods of internal engine deposits have had a chance to do any
– at the expense of the owner. washing, there is also a recommended lasting damage. Leaving the engine to sit
fresh water or solvent external wash that overnight will reduce the effectiveness
The Different Stages of can be effective in removing salt or other of a wash performed at a later time.
Sulphidation corrosive chemicals from the outside Since sulphidation is dependant on
casing of the engine. temperature, there is no advantage
There are four progressive stages of CT to performing the turbine wash at any
blade sulphidation per Pratt & Whitney: Wash Schedule particular time of the day; however,
Stage 1 – Mild Sulphidation (coating since the compressor wash will transfer
deterioration) The nature and frequency of a salt deposits into the turbine, it is
Slight roughness of surface due to some compressor wash is dependant on the recommended to perform a compressor
growth and breakdown of the oxide operating environment of the aircraft. turbine wash immediately following the
scale layer. Depletion of chromium In certain parts of the United States the compressor wash.”
has not started. Mechanical integrity is risk is lower than others. In general, the
not affected. Acceptable for continued closer you are to the coast or any other Alternative Measures
operation of the blade after addressing body of water the more at risk you are of
the sulphidation and loss of oxide blade collecting harmful salt and environmental In addition to the washes, there
coating. deposits. It is best to consult your shop are some P&WC approved corrosion
Stage 2 – Oxide Failure and work out a proactive approach to a inhibiting products that can be manually
Roughness of surface is more evident wash schedule that suites your mission. applied to parts of the engine to deter
as breakdown of the oxide scale layer A shop trained on your engine has the future problems. These products, such
continues. Depletion of chromium from tools and knowledge to help you map a as LPS Procyon, can be obtained and
underlying alloy has started. Serviceable course that best limits your chances of applied locally. The application is a
subject to repetitive inspections per the dealing with a corrosive issue. Regular continuous effort, and must be re-applied
Engine Maintenance Manual (EMM). boroscope inspections of the compressor based on use and the environment.
Restoring the component to its original inlet case and turbine blades will Prevention is the key to keeping your
condition is unlikely. help to establish whether the wash engine operating at peak efficiency and
Stage 3 – Sever Sulphidation schedule you have in place is sufficient performance; and limiting the exposure
Oxidation of the base material has to prevent corrosion and sulphidation. to harmful contaminants that can do
penetrated to significant depth. Build-up Operator experience may require a costly damage. As mentioned earlier,
of blister scale noticeable. Mechanical more aggressive schedule for peak per- consult your shop and make sure you are
integrity affected. Removal of the formance and reduced maintenance on the right path. •
blades as recommended in the Engine
Maintenance Manual (EMM).
Stage 4 – Perforation
Deep penetration of attack with large
blisters of scale. Loss of structural
material will lead to eventual component
failure.

What can we do?

P&WC recommends that Compressor

and Compressor Turbine washes
be performed in accordance with
your Engine Maintenance Manual
(EMM). In short, there are two types of
washes to help reduce environmental
contaminates. The most common wash
recommendation is the desalination
compressor and compressor turbine
wash. This is a simple process that
utilizes “clean” water to remove salt
deposits on engines that are operating in
“salt laden” environments. The second
type of wash is a more periodic wash that
utilizes both water and chemical steps

9
 Aircraft Management
Why Aircraft Management?
Time Savings: Both in length of travel and productivity
during. Be home in time for dinner while accomplishing
more in the day.
Accessibility: Arrive closer to your destination by gaining
access to thousands of General Aviation airports compared
to the limited airline served network.
Versatility: Bring whomever and whatever you need to
complete your mission. Change directions mid-flight, add
destinations – whatever you need, the airplane is at your
fingertips.
Security: Both at the airport and in the air, feel safe knowing
your total travel experience is private and secure.
Investment: An aircraft can be one of the most useful tools
in your toolbox and as a bonus is eligible for substantial
business tax savings. Ownership has its rewards.

Why Skytech? Pilatus PC-12

(6 to 8 Passengers)
Skytech operates a “Turn-Key Management”
approach for our customers. Just tell us where
and when and we’ll handle the rest.
Aircraft Storage: Strategically located in the Baltimore/
Washington and Charlotte Metro Areas, Skytech provides
aircraft storage in prime locations at reduced rates.
Pilot Services: Commercially trained and licensed flight crew
complete the professional experience.
Insurance: Take advantage of Skytech’s combined buying
power to access insurance rates and liability limits that are
all but unattainable to the private owner.
Scheduling & Coordination: 24 hour web access to
customized owner portals enables seamless communication
of needs and upcoming flights.
Maintenance: Skytech’s award winning FAA Service Centers Cessna Caravan
(6 to 8 Passengers)
will maintain your aircraft in peak condition so you can
count on it when needed. A team of detailers ensure a
spotless aircraft every flight.
Invoicing: A monthly invoice simplifies the ownership
experience.
Price Advantages: Fuel, Hangar, Insurance, Maintenance –
Skytech Management Customers enjoy reduced rates for Piper Meridian
(Up to 4 Passengers)
substantial savings.

Baltimore Metro Area Charlotte Metro Area 800.394.1334 www.skytechinc.com management@skytechinc.com

 The new
Mirage G1000
and Matrix G1000
A NEW CLASS OF CAPABILITY.
Now, the only cabin-class pistons in the air are capable of even more with the Garmin
G1000 and GFC 700 autopilot suite. Dual 10’’ PFDs make it easier to take in more
information, including synthetic vision, available traffic, terrain and XM weather/radio.
A huge 15” MFD expands electronic charts, SafeTaxi® airport diagrams and engine functions
while the console-mounted keypad makes it all simple to manage. Furthermore, flying in
instrument conditions is now even safer with the fully-integrated GFC 700 digital autopilot
situated on an intuitive jet-like panel mounted controller. Step into an aircraft that satisfies
more of the reasons why you fly with a new Piper Mirage ® G1000 or Matrix ® G1000.

MIRAGE and MATRIX

Cruise Speed: 213 KTAS (395 km/h)
Range: 1,343 nm (2,491 km)
Six Seats, Cabin Class | 350 hp 866.FLY.PIPER
Operating Ceiling: 25,000 ft (7,620 m) +1.772.299.2403
piper.com
 First-Class
Presort
U.S. Postage
PAID
LUTHERVILLE. MO
200 Airport Drive PERMIT NO. 171
Westminster, Maryland 21157

by Dave Conover

Re-Registration is Here!
The FAA re-registation process was The FAA has outlined a specific set of The FAA website reviews the process in
launched on October 1, 2010 with initial procedures for owners to utilize that will detail and is a good resource to evaluate
notices being mailed to the first group of enable them to re-register on-line within how your aircraft is currently registered
owners up for renewal. This process will a 3-month window, then through a mail-in with the FAA. It is important to have a
require all aircraft owners to re-register process for the following 2 months. After that valid mailing address on file with the FAA
their aircraft over a 3-year period in date, if an aircraft is not re-registered, the in order to receive notices. Whether a
accordance with the FAA schedule. The FAA registration on the aircraft will expire notice is received or not, the re-registration
FAA believes that of the 357,000 registered and notice of N number cancelation will be schedule applies to all aircraft and
aircraft; at least 100,000 will not re-register sent. If the FAA receives no response, the N there are no amnesty provisions. Being
or have inaccurate records. Additionally, number will be cancelled and unavailable proactive and fully informed on this new
once re-registered, registrations will now for assignment or reservation for a period FAA regulation will keep your aircraft from
have a 3-year expiration date. of 5-years. being grounded.

Certificate issued (Any year) Certificate expires Re-registration required

March March 31, 2011 November 1, 2010 – January 31, 2011
April June 30, 2011 February 1 – April 30, 2011
May September 30, 2011 May 1 – July 31, 2011
June December 31, 2011 August 1 – October 31, 2011
July March 31, 2012 November 1, 2011 – January 31, 2012
August June 30, 2012 February 1 – April 30, 2012
September September 30, 2012 May 1 – July 31, 2012
October December 31, 2012 August 1 – October 31, 2012
November March 31, 2013 November 1, 2012 – January 31, 2013
December June 30, 2013 February 1 – April 30, 2013
January September 30, 2013 May 1 – July 31, 2013
February December 31, 2013 August 1 – October 31, 2013

For more information or questions contact: http://registry.faa.gov/renewregistration