1
George Orwell's novel, 1984, portrays a dystopian society in which the government suppresses
individualism and free thinking. Critics suggest Orwell wrote the novel as a cautionary tale about the
potential consequences of totalitarianism.
Which finding, if true, would most directly support the claim that Orwell intended 1984 as a
cautionary tale about totalitarianism?
A. Many readers consider 1984 to be a compelling and thought-provoking work of fiction.
B. 1984 has frequently been compared to other dystopian novels, such as Aldous Huxley's Brave
New World.
C. Orwell's novel has been adapted into several films, television shows, and stage productions.
D. Orwell had previously expressed concerns about the dangers of totalitarian regimes in his essays
and letters.
2
Confucius, a renowned Chinese philosopher, focused on personal and governmental morality,
proper social relationships, and justice. His teachings have greatly influenced various aspects of
Chinese society, and his ideas have been passed down through generations, leaving a lasting impact
on _________ .
Which choice most logically completes the text?
A. the scientific revolution and the advancements in technology in the western world
B. the development of modern democracy and the promotion of individual rights
C. East Asian culture and the philosophical foundations of many regional governments
D. the establishment of economic systems and trade regulations across the globe
3
Ralph Ellison, an influential African American writer, is best known for his novel Invisible Man.
Ellison's work often explores themes of identity and invisibility, reflecting the experiences of Black
Americans in a racially divided society. By doing so, Ellison _________ .
Which choice most logically completes the text?
A. criticizes the African American community for not being more active in fighting for their rights.
B. argues that invisibility is the only way for Black Americans to survive in a racially divided society.
C. suggests that identity and invisibility are innate characteristics of all individuals, regardless of race.
D. effectively raises awareness about the struggles and complexities faced by Black Americans.
4
The Persian Gulf War, which began in 1990, was a conflict between Iraq, led by President Saddam
Hussein, and a coalition of 35 countries led by the United States. The war was triggered by Iraq's
invasion of Kuwait, which was condemned by the international community. _________ the coalition
forces launched a military offensive, Operation Desert Storm, to expel Iraqi forces from Kuwait.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
A. In response,
B. Similarly,
C. However,
D. For example,
5
Many corporations have been known to use loopholes in the tax system to reduce their overall tax
burden. For example, some companies may shift their profits to countries with lower tax rates.
_________ a study conducted by Harvard Business School researchers found that 15% of US
corporations moved their profits to tax havens between 2004 and 2012.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
A. In contrast
B. On the other hand
C. Alternatively
D. In fact
6
Stem cell research has the potential to revolutionize medicine by providing therapies for a wide
range of diseases and conditions. Scientists have been able to create specialized cells, such as nerve
and muscle cells, from stem cells. _________ this breakthrough enables researchers to study
diseases in the lab more accurately and develop more targeted treatments.
Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?
A. In contrast
B. Nevertheless
C. Consequently
D. On the other hand
7
In 1997, biotechnologist Dr. Jane Collins developed a groundbreaking technique for editing plant
genomes. By precisely targeting specific genes, Collins's method enabled scientists to modify crop
traits such as pest resistance, drought tolerance, and nutritional content. This innovation
revolutionized agriculture, leading to increased food production and reduced environmental impact.
Today, her technique continues to shape the future of sustainable farming practices.
Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?
A. To discuss the ethical implications of gene editing in plants and their potential consequences
B. To highlight Dr. Jane Collins's significant contribution to the field of biotechnology and its impact
on agriculture
C. To argue that other biotechnological advancements are overshadowing Dr. Collins's work
D. To describe the process of editing plant genomes in detail and its various applications
8
In the 1985 science fiction film 'Back to the Future,' teenager Marty McFly accidentally travels back
in time to the year 1955 using a time machine created by eccentric scientist Doc Brown. Marty's
presence in the past jeopardizes his own existence as he interferes with his parents' meeting, and he
must ensure they fall in love to secure his future. Throughout the film, Marty and Doc work together
to restore the timeline and find a way for Marty to return to 1985.
Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?
A. To summarize the central plot and conflicts of the film 'Back to the Future'
B. To analyze the scientific accuracy of the time travel concepts in 'Back to the Future'
C. To compare the cultural differences between 1955 and 1985 as portrayed in 'Back to the Future'
D. To discuss the impact of 'Back to the Future' on the careers of its lead actors
9
Text 1
Motocross racer Alice Jamison is renowned for her unconventional racing style, which allows her to
gain an edge over opponents. Many racers strictly adhere to traditional techniques, but Jamison's
innovative approach has opened up possibilities for new racing strategies.
Text 2
In a recent interview, motocross coach and former racer Tom Harrison discussed the evolution of
racing strategies. Harrison emphasized the importance of adapting to changing conditions and
exploring alternative techniques, arguing that racers who stick to conventional methods may
struggle to keep up with the sport's advancements.
Based on the texts, how would Tom Harrison (Text 2) most likely respond to the racing style of Alice
Jamison (Text 1)?
A. By asserting that her unconventional style is detrimental to her overall performance
B. By appreciating her willingness to explore new strategies and adapt to the sport's evolution
C. By questioning her ability to maintain consistent results with an innovative approach
D. By expressing concerns about the potential risks associated with deviating from traditional
techniques
10
Before becoming the 44th President of the United States, Barack Obama worked as a community
organizer, a civil rights attorney, and a law professor. In 1996, he _________ to the Illinois State
Senate, where he served for eight years.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
A. was elected
B. being elected
C. to be elected
D. electing
11
Remote sensing is a valuable tool for monitoring the Earth's surface. Using satellite imagery,
researchers can gather data on various environmental factors such as temperature, vegetation, and
precipitation. By analyzing this data, scientists can _________ models to predict climate change and
assess the impact of human activities on the environment.
Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?
A. utilized
B. having utilized
C. utilizing
D. utilize
