REVIWER IN TLE 1.

cabinet - keeps the showing machine

2. drawer - used to keep materials while sowing

1. Spool pin - is the thread holder.
3. belt guide - holds the belt in place
2. Balance wheel - sets the mechanism in motion.
4. belt shifter - removes the belt from the balance
3. Stop motion screw - hinders moving when loosened
wheel
and starts.
5. dress guard- protects the dress from the balance
4. Bobbin winder - controls the bobbin while winding
wheel
thread.
6. drive wheel crank - moves the drive wheel
5. Stitch regulator - checks the length of the (stitch)
stitches. 7. treadle - the foot rest at the bottom of the machine
6. Belt - connects the balance wheel to the drive wheel, 8. pitman rod - connect the travel in the drive wheel
leather band. crank
7. Bed - is the flat part of the machine, and beneath is 9. legs - supports the cabinet of the machine
the feed dog, where it is mounted, and shuttle and
lower thread are placed. 10. drive wheel - large wheel under the machine
cabinet
8. Throat plate - metal plate that covers the feed dog
and the parts underneath.

9. Needle - is a slender tool attached in the needle Sewing Tools, Aids, and Supplies:
clamp used for sewing. 1. Measuring Tools: Ruler, tape measure, meter
10. Clamp/needle clamp - holds and tightens the stick, French curve, hip curve.
needle. - Pinning Tools: Dressmaker's pins or silk pins (sharp
11. Needle thread - keeps the thread in position. points, prevent fabric marks), pincushions.

12. Needle bar - holds the needle in place. 2. Cutting Tools:

13. Arm - is the curved part of the head containing - Sewing scissors (pointed, for trimming and clipping).
mechanism for operating the needle. - Shears (comfortably shaped handles, for cutting
14. Thread take-up lever - releases the thread and fabrics).
interlocks with the bobbin thread. - Pinking or scalloping shears (decorative edge cutting,
15. Presser bar lifter - moves the presser foot. reduces raveling).

16. Head - is the complete sewing machine without a - Seam ripper (removes stitches, lifts thread away from
cabinet or stand. fabric before cutting).

17. Presser bar - holds (presses) the fabric in place while 3. Marking Tools:
sewing. - Tracing wheel (used with tailor's carbon to transfer
18. Slide plate - covers the bobbin case. patterns).

19. Feed dog - responsible for moving the fabric while - Tailor's carbon paper (creates temporary markings).
sewing. - Tailor's chalk (oil-free, for transferring markings).
20. Presser foot - holds the fabric in place while sewing. - Darning threads and needle (for tailor's tacks).
 4. Pressing Tools: What is Shape?

- Flat iron (electrically heated, for flattening, creasing, Geometric shapes form the basis of garment design.
and shaping fabric). - Ironing board (padded flat surface, Shape affects how the body appears; for example,
resists iron heat). square shapes can make the body appear larger, while
other shapes can create a more flattering silhouette.
5. Machine Maintenance:

- Oil the bobbin winder.

Colors for Various Types of Figures and Personalities:
- Oil the upper part of the machine
Color is a high-fashion experience, used to enhance the
6. Stitching and Darning Tools and Aids:
garment's attraction. Color choices are often a result of
- Pressing cloth: Used to protect fabric during pressing. varying wavelengths of light reaching the eye. Basic
color selection should consider personal preference.
- Hand Sewing Needles: Various needles designed for The text suggests using more than one basic color in an
specific purposes, differing in shape and eye shape. Four outfit. The qualities of color are described as:
basic categories exist: general hand sewing, needle
craft, darning, and heavy-duty sewing. - Hue: Another name for color (such as red, yellow,
green, and blue).
- Needle threader: Makes threading needles easier.
- Value: The lightness or darkness of a color.
- Thimble: Used to push the needle through material.
- Intensity: The dullness or brightness of a color (such as
Sewing: A blend of science (accurate measurements) light and dark blue).
and art (enhancing appearance). Careful dress selection
is crucial.

Elements of Design: Tips on Choosing Colored Garments for Your

Personality:
Structural: The outer shape and inner lines of a
garment. - Dark or neutral shades will make your body look
smaller.
Decorative or Applied: Designs added to the fabric's
surface (prints). - Bright colors used in larger amounts will make your
body look larger.
Lines for Various Types of Figures and Personalities:
- Bright colors in small amounts can emphasize your
- Vertical Lines: Draw the eye up and down, suggesting best features.
height, formality, and stability. Make short people
appear taller. - A garment in one color can make a person appear
smaller, but an outfit with contrasting colors will make
- Horizontal Lines: Carry the eye from side to side, one appear larger.
suggesting width, serenity, and relaxation.

- Diagonal Lines: Combine vertical and horizontal

characteristics, with the degree of slant determining the Fabric Selection:
illusion created.
The quality of the fabric depends on the type of fiber, its
- Zigzag Lines: Two diagonal lines in opposite directions, characteristics, its thickness, the number of twists, the
creating an illusion of action and excitement. type of construction, and the finish applied. Fabric is
naturally dependent on the fabric type (such as cotton,
- Curved Lines: Follow the body's contour, creating a
flattering effect.
linen, wool, and silk) or man-made (synthetic) such as Synthetics (Polyester, Nylon, Spandex, etc.):
rayon, nylon, and terylene.
- Synthetics fabrics don't have the risk of shrinkage,
unlike more delicate fabrics, and are resistant to water-
based stains. However, friction makes them conductive
to static electricity. Polyester is easy-to-wash garments
Fabric Construction: that come in a wide variety of colors. Most durable
polyester fabrics can be machine-washed in warm
water, but be sure to iron on low heat to keep the fibers
Woven Fabrics: Made by interlacing two sets of yarns. from melting. Another synthetic widely used today is
spandex, an elastic fiber used in a lot of sportswear.
Knitted Fabrics: Made with yarns looped together. Because of its flexibility and its resistance to tear due to
Felted Fabrics: Generally made of wool. friction, be sure to avoid bleach and hot water when
washing spandex fabrics.Silk:
Characteristics of Fabrics:
- Silk feels exquisite, but it's quite delicate to handle and
Cotton: Inelastic, soils and wrinkles easily, but is strong difficult to clean. It's one of the world's oldest fibers
when wet. Its lightness and absorbency make it suitable among clothing materials, and the fiber itself and
for summer. washable materials. However, silk is difficult to clean
because of its pucker when washed. When washing silk,
Silk: Fairly warm, easy to care for, resists wrinkles, and is
be as much as possible garment hand-washing. Dry-
the strongest of the natural fibers.
clean is an available option; use products formulated
Synthetic Fabrics (e.g., rayon, acetate, nylon): Suitable especially for delicate fabrics. To dry silk garments, roll
for monsoon season due to low absorption and quick them in a towel to press out the moisture and hang to
drying; they don't become limp in damp weather. dry. Press with a warm iron.

Different Kinds of Fabric and How to Clean Them Cashmere:

- Cashmere makes for some of the most comfortable

sweaters and scarves; as this fabric is made of a natural
Cotton:
fiber woven from goat hair. Dry-clean cashmere as much
- Most cotton fabrics are "pre-shrunk," which makes as possible; if this is not an option, consider hand-
them highly durable. washing with baby shampoo. Never machine-drying can
loosen the weave. Never hang cashmere scarves or
- Cotton garments can be machine-washed with any sweaters; instead, fold them to make sure they retain
detergent. As with other fabrics, proper care is their shape. Cashmere is machine-washable. Using
important.Linen: chlorine-free bleach and hang to dry is also a good
- Hand-washing in cold water with mild detergent is option for drying this fabric.
recommended. It should not be bleached and may
bleed. Air dry and iron when slightly damp.
Wool:

- Natural wool is woven from animal fur, which is a great

Rayon: natural insulator and easy to dye into many different
- Rayon is a textile made from wood pulp and is treated colors. Wool fabrics can be cross between rugged
with chemicals, which makes it a comfortable rayon tweeds and a cross between certain clothing knits.
fabric. A drawback of losing its crispness as well as Sometimes both weaves are incorporated. In certain
bleed and/or shrink when laundered. clothing, wool needs to be hand-washable, depending
on the label. Dry-cleaned clothing may be machine-
washable but may need to be air-dried. Garments made
of wool look best when dry-cleaned once a month. Be
sure to remove the thread from a padded hanger.
When dry-cleaned, garments should be hung from a
padded hanger. Air-dry-cleaned wool garments look
best when dry-cleaned once a month. Be sure to
remove the thread from a padded hanger.p