Enclonar, Kimberly / MLS 3A

• Special hazards
Biosafety o personnel should be advised of special hazards,
October 20, 2020 and required to read the safety or operations
Cynthia Dayoan, RMT manual and follow standard practices and
procedures. A copy of the safety or operations
Disease diagnosis, human sample analysis is carried out in manual should be available in the laboratory.
laboratories. Laboratory personnel are expected to act
• Read the safety or operations manual
responsibly and not to expose the community to biorisks, to
• Follow standard practices and procedures
follow safe working practices (biosafety) associated with
• Arthropod and rodent control programme
practices that will help keep their work and materials safe
• Medical evaluation, surveillance and treatment
and secure (biosecurity).
Biosecurity Guidance
Global Health Security Risks • Regularly updated inventories with storage locations
• Emergence and spread of new microbes • Identification and selection of personnel with access
• Globalization of travel and trade • Plans of use of VBM (Valuable Biological Material)
• Rise of drug resistance • Clearance and approval processes
• Potential for accidental release, theft or illicit release • Documentation of internal and external transfers
within and between facilities
Biosafety: Preventing Lab-acquired infections • Inactivation and/or disposal of the material
• Bacteria
• Viruses Access
• Fungi • The international biohazard warning symbol and sign
• Human blood must be displayed on the doors of the rooms
• Unfixed tissue • Only authorized persons should be allowed to enter
• Human cell lines the laboratory working areas
• Recombinant DNA • Laboratory doors should be kept closed
• Children should not be authorized or allowed to enter
Biosafety laboratory working areas
• Containment principles, technologies and practices
that are implemented to prevent the unintentional Personal Protection
exposure to pathogens and toxins, or their accidental • wear Laboratory gowns at all times
release. • wear gloves for all procedures
• Keep bad bugs from people. • remove gloves after used and wash hands
• wash hands after handling infectious materials and
Biosecurity before leaving
• Protection, control and accountability for valuable • wear safety glasses, face shields (visors) or other
biological material (VBM) within the laboratory, in protective devices when it is necessary to protect the
order to prevent their unauthorized access, loss, eyes and face from splashes
theft, misuse, diversion or intentional release. • do not wear protective laboratory clothing outside
• Keep bad people from bugs. the laboratory
• do not wear open-toed footwear
Biosafety + Biosecurity = Biorisk • eating, drinking, smoking, applying cosmetics and
handling contact lenses is prohibited
Valuable Biological Material (VMB) • do not store foods or drinks
• Materials that require administrative, control, • do not store protective laboratory clothing that has
accountability and specific protective and monitoring been used in the same lockers
measures to protect their value, and the population
from their potential to cause harm. Procedures
• No mouth pipetting
• Minimize the formation of aerosols and droplets
• Report spillage, accidents and or potential exposures
to infectious materials
• Written procedure for the clean-up of all spills
• Decontamination of contaminated liquids

Biosafety Level (BSL)

• Laboratory-acquired infection are caused by bacteria,
viruses, fungi, human blood, unfixed tissue, human
cell lines and recombinant DNA. Adherence with
safety regulations will reduce the risk of potential
harm to the worker and the environment.

Levels of Containment
BSL 1
Biosafety Management • Microorganisms that don't cause disease in healthy
• Biosafety management plan and a safety or adults
operations manual • Present minimal potential hazard to laboratorians and
• Regular training in laboratory safety the environment
o Laboratory supervisor • Basic laboratory
 Enclonar, Kimberly / MLS 3A
• Standard microbiological practices are followed Decontamination
• E. Coli • Steam autoclaving is the preferred method for all
• Inclusion: decontamination processes
o Laboratories have doors • Materials for decontamination and disposal should be
o Sinks placed in containers, e.g. autoclavable plastic bags,
o Surfaces are easy to clean that are colour-coded according to whether the
o Tables are water resistant contents are to be autoclaved and/or incinerated

BSL 2 Black Non-contaminated "household" wastes; can

• Agents associated with human disease (non-infectious) be reused or recycled
• Moderate hazards to laboratorians and the
environment Green Non-infectious wet
• Agents include: measles virus, salmonella species, waste
hepatitis B virus Yellow Contaminated
• Inclusion: (infectious)
o All items listed in BSL-1 and
Yellow Contaminated hypodermic needles,
o Autoclave
(infectious) "sharps" scalpels, knives and
o Eyewash
broken glass
o Access is restricted when work is being
conducted
o Doors are lock Additional Laboratory Hazards
o BSC as needed Fire Hazards
o Air flows into the lab without recirculation to • Local fire prevention officers
non-lab areas • Fire warnings, instructions and escape routes
• Fire-fighting equipment
BSL3 o near room doors and in corridors and hallways
• Cause serious disease, transmitted by inhalation • Electrical hazards
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis
o Should be isolated from microbio section Electrical Hazards
• Inclusion: • Circuit-breakers and earth-fault-interrupters
o BSL2 and • Earthed/grounded
o Double door entry • Standard electrical equipment and wiring
o Separated building or isolated zone o National Electrical Safety Standards and Codes
o Directional inward flow
o Enclosures for aerosols generating equipment Practice 5s
o Walls, floors and ceilings are water resistant 1S Sort remove what is not needed and keep
what is needed
BSL4
2S Set in Order arrange essential items in order for
• Microorganisms that cause lethal disease, with no
easy access
known treatment or virus
• Ebola virus 3S Shine keep things clean and tidy; no dirt or
• Maximum containment lab: positive pressure trash in the workplace
ventilated suits (moon suits) 4S Standardize establish standards and guidelines to
• Inclusion: maintain a clean workplace
o BSL3 and
o Double door autoclaves 5S Sustain make 5S a habit and teach others to
o Rooms are sealed adhere to established standards.
o Inner and outer doors are interlocked to prevent
doors being opened at the same time Health and Medical Surveillance
• Liquids are decontaminated • Active or passive immunization
Biosafety Cabinet (BSC) • Early detection of laboratory-acquired infections
• Primary means of containment, developed for • Exclusion of highly susceptible individuals (e.g.
working safely with infectious microorganisms Pregnant women or immunocompromised
• To protect the laboratorian and the environment individuals) from highly hazardous laboratory
from exposure biohazards • Provision personal protective equipment and
procedures
HEPA Filter
• High Efficiency Particulate Air Filter Training
• Removes the most penetrating particle size of 0.3um • Continuous in-service training in safety measures
with an efficiency of at least 99.97% • Training in safety measures should be an integral part
• Class II and Class III of introduction to the laboratory
• Employees should be introduced to the code of
Waste Handling practice and to local guidelines, including the safety
• Decontaminate all infectious materials, autoclaved or or operations manual
incinerated within the laboratory
• Reuse or recycle glassware, instruments and
laboratory clothing