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MONARCHY

The document outlines the history of Rome's pre-Roman age and monarchy, detailing the various populations in Italy before Rome's rise, including the Celts, Etruscans, and Greeks. It describes the legendary founding of Rome by Romulus and Remus in 753 B.C. and the subsequent reign of seven kings, culminating in the tyrannical rule of Tarquin the Proud, whose actions led to the establishment of the Roman Republic in 509 B.C.

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Mahdi Ali Ghazi
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12 views2 pages

MONARCHY

The document outlines the history of Rome's pre-Roman age and monarchy, detailing the various populations in Italy before Rome's rise, including the Celts, Etruscans, and Greeks. It describes the legendary founding of Rome by Romulus and Remus in 753 B.C. and the subsequent reign of seven kings, culminating in the tyrannical rule of Tarquin the Proud, whose actions led to the establishment of the Roman Republic in 509 B.C.

Uploaded by

Mahdi Ali Ghazi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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HISTORY OF ROME

PRE-ROMAN AGE AND MONARCHY


THE BIRTH OF ROME BETWEEN MYTH AND LEGEND

About the beginning of the first millennium B.C. and before the rise of Rome, Italy
was inhabitated by different populations.
In the north there were the Celts (called also Gauls), the Liguri settled in Liguria and
in Piedmont, the Veneti in the north-east.
As regards centre Italy there were the Etruscans in Tuscany, in western Umbria and
northern Lazio, the Latins and the Sabins in Lazio, while in the south the Greeks
founded the so called Magna Grecia and rich and evolved polies in Sicily.
Lazio was peopled by different populations: among these we had the Latins, settled
along the river Tiber.
Thanks to the more advanced Etruscans (north) and to the Greek civilization (south –
Magna Grecia), the Latins began to urbanize.
Alba Longa was the strongest Latin city until the middle of VIII century B.C. when
Rome, (according to the myth of Romulus) was founded by the river banks of the
Tevere/Tiber.
According to legend Rome was founded by Romulus and Remus on 21st April 753.
They were twin brothers, sons of Mars and Rhea Silvia, the daughter of Munitor king
of Alba Longa.
Up to the end of VI Century B.C. we see the alternation of seven kings:
(Romulus), Numa Pompilio, Tullo Ostilio, Anco Marzio, Tarquinio Prisco, Servio
Tullio, Tarquinio il Superbo.
Lucius Tarquinius Superbus was the legendary seventh and final king of Rome,
reigning from 535 BC until the popular uprising in 509 BC that led to the
establishment of the Roman Republic. He is commonly known as Tarquin the
Proud, from his behaviour Superbus (Latin for "proud, arrogant, lofty").
Tarquin was said to have been the son of Lucius Tarquinius Priscus, the fifth king of
Rome, and to have gained the throne through the assassination of his
predecessor, Servius Tullius.
He got married to Tullia Major first and then with her sister Tullia Minor. Both were
the daughters of the king Servius Tullius. Tullia Minor conspired with Tarquin to
bring about the deaths of Tullia Major and Arruns, her husband. After the murder of
their spouses, Tarquin and Tullia got married. Then Tarquinius managed with the
help of Tullia Minor to murder his father in law, Servius Tullius, and ascended to the
throne. He put to death a number of leading senators, he diminished both the size and
the authority of the senate and destroyed the democratic structure of the Roman
society ruling as an absolute monarch. His reign is described as an authoritarian and
violent regime, a tyranny that justified the abolition of the monarchy.

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