Multi-Level exam

Practice test 7

@multileveltest Youtube: teacher_Muzaffar @online_reception

PAPER 1: READING
The Reading Paper consists of FIVE parts.
Part 1: Questions 1-6;
Part 2: Questions 7-14; Part 4: Questions 21-29;
Part 3: Questions 15-20; Part 5: Questions 30-35.
Each question carries ONE mark.
Total time allowed: 1 hour
You may write on the question paper if you wish, but you must transfer your
answers to the Answer Sheet within the time limit. No extra time is allowed to
do so.

FOLLOW THE INSTRUCTIONS OF THE INVIGILATORS!

AT THE END OF THE PAPER, THE QUESTION PAPER WILL BE
COLLECTED
BY THE INVIGILATOR.
NO MATERIALS CAN BE REMOVED FROM THE EXAMINATION ROOM.
DO NOT OPEN THE QUESTION PAPER UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO
SO!

Please write your full name here: Please sign here:

_________________________________ ______________
(Candidate’s full name) (Signature)

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 Part 1
Read the text. Fill in each gap with ONE word. You must use a word which is somewhere in the rest of
Each statement ca
the text.
need to
use.
What are Mountains?
Mountains are made from rocks and earth. They are higher and steeper than hills.
1.________________ are less than 600 meters high.

Characteristics of mountains
Mountains have steep, sloping sides and sharp or rounded peaks. A 2.________________ is the
pointed top of a mountain.

The top of a mountain is called the summit. The side of a mountain is called the slope. A gorge is a
very steep valley between two 3.________________.
Mountains can be found on every continent and cover one-fifth of the Earth's land surface. They
can even be found at the bottom of the sea!

Mount Everest is the tallest 4.________________ in the world. It is 29,035 feet high.

How are mountains formed?

Mountains are formed by movements of the Earth's crust. The 5.________________ is the outer
layer of the Earth. There are 7 major plates that make up the Earth's crust. Tectonic
6.________________ are large pieces of rock. Mountains are formed when these plates collide
with each other. Other mountains are formed by volcanic activity when the crust cracks open.

Part 2
Read the texts 7-14 and the statements A-J. Decide which text matches with the situation described in
the statements.
Each statement can be used ONCE only. There are TWO extra statements which you do not need to
use.
Mark your answers
Each statement on
canon the
bethe
usedanswer sheet.There are TWO extra statements which you do not need to
ONCE sheet.
only.
Mark your answers answer
use.
Mark your answers on theA)answer
Visitorssheet.
can look at animals from another part of the world

B) They have both household bins and recycling receptacles

C) Visitors can see how food was prepared in the past.

D) You can visit modern imitations of old buildings here.

E) People can hold a business conference in this place.

F) The mobile waste storage bins can withstand a wide range of conditions

G) They have been tested for safety

H) Visitors can find out what toys were used in the last century.

I) They will last a very long time.

J) They are checked by outside agencies.

teacher_Muzaffar Page 2
 7. Visitors will enjoy a visit to Withney whatever the season. In winter, for example, they can
7. watch
Visitorsfrom
willthe centrally
enjoy a visit heated observatory
to Withney whateverasthethousands of winter,
season. In swans for
feedexample,
on the water.
they can
Trained
watch fromwardens give informative
the centrally talks or leadasguided
heated observatory walksofround
thousands swansthefeed
site.onThe
thevisitors'
water.
Trainedmay
centre wardens
also begive informative
hired for privatetalks or lead guided
or corporate events .
walks round the site. The visitors'
centre may also be hired for private or corporate events.
8. At Canford we have a new walk-through exhibit called Island Magic. Here visitors can
8. At Canford
observe many wespecies
have a new
fromwalk-through exhibit
the tropical island of called Island and
Madagascar Magic.
readHere
aboutvisitors
somecanof the
urgent conservation projects that are taking place there to save endangered speciesof
observe many species from the tropical island of Madagascar and read about some the
from
urgent conservation
extinction . projects that are taking place there to save endangered species from
extinction.
9. This is an ideal venue for families. They can visit the childhood gallery with its large
9. This is an ideal venue for families. They can visit the childhood gallery with its large
playroom, and listen to stories told by actors dressed in the costumes of a hundred years
playroom, and listen to stories told by actors dressed in the costumes of a hundred years
ago. They can also enjoy the popular games and wooden animals of that period.
ago. They can also enjoy the popular games and wooden animals of that period.
10. Headley Hall is a large seventeenth-century country house, preserved as it was when it
10. Headley Hall is a large seventeenth-century country house, preserved as it was when it was
was built. Take time to admire the various works of art displayed, and visit the huge
built. Take time to admire the various works of art displayed, and visit the huge kitchen
kitchen
complete complete
with periodwithequipment
period equipment — demonstrations
— demonstrations are given are given at weekends.
at weekends. In the park,Inthere
the
park, there
is space foristhe
space for the
younger younger
visitors to runvisitors
around,toand
runpicnic
around, and are
tables picnic tables are available.
available.

11.
11. We’d be happy
Robustness to durability
and stay at thethrough
Wellington again. Although
high-grade materialsthere’s nothing
and solid wallspecial about High-
thicknesses. the
rooms,
quality the view from
domestic wastethebins
lounge
and is lovely, and
recycling the restaurant
containers staff were
from Weber, friendly
directly from and
the efficient.
Breakfast was a highlight – there was so much on offer we could hardly decide what to eat.
manufacturer.
We’d stay another time just for that!
12. This famous, historically accurate, reconstructed castle and village enable visitors to travel
12. This
back famous, historically
in time. Explore accurate,
the grounds reconstructed
and experience castle and
the atmosphere village
of an enable
ancient lifestyle. In
visitors
the fields,toyou
travel back
can see theintype
time. Explore
of sheep thatthe
the grounds and experience
original inhabitants the probably
of the castle
kept. Homemade
atmosphere snacks
of an are on
ancient sale.
lifestyle. In the fields, you can see the type of sheep
that the original inhabitants of the castle probably kept. Homemade snacks are
13. WEBER only uses special impact-resistant polyethylene (HDPE) from major suppliers for
on sale.
manufacturing mobile garbage bins from plastic. This means that quality variations of the
finished products can be avoided. All raw materials have been tested for outdoor use and are
13. The Flyer B3UV-stabilised.
sufficiently is an ultra-lightweight cabin bag
The employment of which can withstand
these high-quality rawsome pretty harsh
materials allows using
treatment, its nylon and polyester sides won’t rip or burst open if it’s
our mobile waste containers over an extremely wide temperature range from -40 dropped or thrown
°C to +80
whilst
°C. in transit. However, the trolley handle feels quite thin and flimsy. The top carrying
handle is hard and flat, and the side handle isn’t easy to grip.

14. All mobile two 2 and four 4-wheel wheelie bins have received the German GS symbol for
14. My husband and I first stayed at the Wellington a few years ago, and we’ve returned every
Tested Safety without exception. The regulations of the GS symbol are legally stipulated in
year since then. When we arrive and check in, we’re always treated like old friends by the
the Federal Republic of Germany. For example, it includes compliance with AfPS GS 2014:01,
staff, so we very much feel at home. Our one disappointment during our last visit was that
i.e., testing and assessment of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) when awarded the GS
our roomThe
symbol. overlooked thewas
regulation carcreated
park, but
bythat
the didn’t spoil our
Committee st.
for Product Safety (AfPS) and specifies
limits for these carcinogenic substances.

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 Part 3
Read the text and choose the correct heading for each paragraph from the list of headings below.
There are more headings than paragraphs, so you will not use all of them. You cannot use any heading
more than once.
Each statement can be used ONCE only. There are TWO extra statements which you do not need to
Mark your answers on the answer sheet.
use.
Mark your answers on the answer sheet.
@online_reception

List of Headings
A) Environmental change has always been with us

B) Rivers and seas cause damage

C) The scarcity of water

D) Human’s relationship with water

Youtube:
E) Far-flung flooding teacher_Muzaffar

F) The destructive force of water in former times

G) Disasters caused by the climate make us feel better

H) Flooding in the future

I) How to solve flooding

15. Paragraph I @multileveltest

16. Paragraph II
17. Paragraph III
18. Paragraph IV
19. Paragraph V
20. Paragraph VI

Adam’s Wine
I Throughout history, water has had a huge impact on our lives. Humankind has
always had a rather ambiguous relationship with water, on the one hand
receiving enormous benefit from it, not just as a drinking source, but as a
provider of food and a means whereby to travel and to trade. But forced to live
close to water in order to survive and to develop, the relationship has not always
been peaceful or beneficial. In fact, it has been quite the contrary. What has
essentially been a necessity for survival has turned out in many instances to
have a very destructive and life-threatening side.

II Through the ages, great floods alternated with long periods of drought have
assaulted people and their environment, hampering their fragile fight for
survival. The dramatic changes to the environment that are now a feature of our
teacher_Muzaffar daily news are not exactly new: fields that were once lush and fertile are now Page 4
 II. Through the ages, great floods alternated with long periods of drought have
assaulted people and their environment, hampering their fragile fight for
survival. The dramatic changes to the environment that are now a feature of
our daily news are not exactly new: fields that were once lush and fertile are
now barren; lakes and rivers that were once teeming with life are now long
gone; savannah has been turned to desert. What perhaps is new is our naive
wonder when faced with the forces of nature.
III. Today, we are more aware of climatic changes around the world. Floods in
far-flung places are instant news for the whole world. Perhaps these events
make us feel better as we face the destruction of our own property by floods
and other natural disasters.
IV. In 2002, many parts of Europe suffered severe flood damage running into
billions of euros. Properties across the continent collapsed into the sea as
waves pounded the coastline wreaking havoc with sea defences. But it was
not just the seas. Rivers swollen by heavy rains and by the effects of
deforestation carried large volumes of water that wrecked many
communities.
V. Building stronger and more sophisticated river defences against flooding is
the expensive short-term answer. There are simpler ways. Planting trees in
highland areas, not just in Europe but in places like the Himalayas, to protect
people living in low-lying regions like the Ganges Delta, is a cheaper and
more attractive solution. Progress is already being made in convincing
countries that the emission of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases is
causing considerable damage to the environment. But more effort is needed
in this direction.

VI. And the future? If we are to believe the forecasts, it is predicted that two-
thirds of the world population will be without fresh water by 2025. But for a
growing number of regions of the world the future is already with us. While
some areas are devastated by flooding, scarcity of water in many other
places is causing conflict. The state of Texas in the United States of America
is suffering a shortage of water with the Rio Grande failing to reach the Gulf
of Mexico for the first time in 50 years in the spring of 2002, pitting region
against region as they vie for water sources. With many parts of the globe
running dry through drought and increased water consumption, there is now
talk of water being the new oil.

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 Part 4

What’s so funny?
John McCrone reviews recent research on humor
The joke comes over the headphones: ‘Which side of a dog has the most hair? The left.’ No, not
funny. Try again. ‘Which side of a dog has the most hair? The outside.’ Hah! The punchline is silly
yet fitting, tempting a smile, even a laugh. Laughter has always struck people as deeply
mysterious, perhaps pointless. The writer Arthur Koestler dubbed it the luxury reflex: ‘unique in
that it serves no apparent biological purpose’.

Theories about humour have an ancient pedigree. Plato expressed the idea that humour is
simply a delighted feeling of superiority over others. Kant and Freud felt that joke-telling relies
on building up a psychic tension which is safely punctured by the ludicrousness of the punchline.
But most modern humour theorists have settled on some version of Aristotle’s belief that jokes
are based on a reaction to or resolution of incongruity, when the punchline is either a nonsense
or, though appearing silly, has a clever second meaning.

Graeme Ritchie, a computational linguist in Edinburgh, studies the linguistic structure of jokes in
order to understand not only humour but language understanding and reasoning in machines.
He says that while there is no single format for jokes, many revolve around a sudden and
surprising conceptual shift. A comedian will present a situation followed by an unexpected
interpretation that is also apt. So even if a punchline sounds silly, the listener can see there is a
clever semantic fit and that sudden mental ‘Aha!’ is the buzz that makes us laugh. Viewed from
this angle, humour is just a form of creative insight, a sudden leap to a new perspective.

However, there is another type of laughter, the laughter of social appeasement and it is
important to understand this too. Play is a crucial part of development in most young mammals.
Rats produce ultrasonic squeaks to prevent their scuffles turning nasty. Chimpanzees have a
‘play-face’ – a gaping expression accompanied by a panting ‘ah, ah’ noise. In humans, these
signals have mutated into smiles and laughs. Researchers believe social situations, rather than
cognitive events such as jokes, trigger these instinctual markers of play or appeasement.

Both social and cognitive types of laughter tap into the same expressive machinery in our
brains, the emotion and motor circuits that produce smiles and excited vocalisations. However, if
cognitive laughter is the product of more general thought processes, it should result from more
expansive brain activity.

Psychologist Vinod Goel investigated humour using the new technique of ‘single event’ functional
magnetic resonance imaging (FMRI). An MRI scanner uses magnetic fields and radio waves to
track the changes in oxygenated blood that accompany mental activity. Until recently, MRI
scanners needed several minutes of activity and so could not be used to track rapid thought
processes such as comprehending a joke. New developments now allow half-second ‘snapshots’
of all sorts of reasoning and problem-solving activities.
Although Goel felt being inside a brain scanner was hardly the ideal place for appreciating a
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joke, he
teacher_Muzaffar
 Although Goel felt being inside a brain scanner was hardly the ideal place for appreciating a
joke, he found evidence that understanding a joke involves a widespread mental shift. His scans
showed that at the beginning of a joke the listener’ prefrontal cortex lit up, particularly the right
prefrontal believed to be critical for problem solving. But there was also activity in the temporal
lobes at the side of the head (consistent with attempts to rouse stored knowledge) and in many
other brain areas. Then when the punchline arrived, a new area sprang to life – the orbital
prefrontal cortex. This patch of brain tucked behind the orbits of the eyes is associated with
evaluating information.

Making a rapid emotional assessment of the events of the moment is an extremely demanding
job for the brain, animal or human. Energy and arousal levels may need to be retuned in the
blink of an eye. These abrupt changes will produce either positive or negative feelings. The
orbital cortex, the region that becomes active in Goel’s experiment, seems the best candidate
for the site that feeds such feelings into higher-level thought processes, with its close
connections to the brain’s sub-cortical arousal apparatus and centres of metabolic control.

All warm-blooded animals make constant tiny adjustments in arousal in response to external
events, but humans, who have developed a much more complicated internal life as a result of
language, respond emotionally not only to their surroundings, but to their own thoughts.
Whenever a sought-for answer snaps into place, there is a shudder of pleased recognition.
Creative discovery being pleasurable, humans have learned to find ways of milking this natural
response. The fact that jokes tap into our general evaluative machinery explains why the line
between funny and disgusting, or funny and frightening, can be so fine. Whether a joke gives
pleasure or pain depends on a person’s outlook.

Humour may be a luxury, but the mechanism behind it is no evolutionary accident. As Peter
Derks, a psychologist at William and Mary College in Virginia, says: ‘I like to think of humour as
the distorted mirror of the mind. It’s creative, perceptual, analytical and lingual. If we can figure
out how the mind processes humour, then we’ll have a pretty good handle on how it works in
general.

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 v For questions 21-25, decide if the following statements agree with the information given in the text.

Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

21. Arthur Koestler considered laughter biologically important in several ways.

A) True B) False C) No Information
22. Plato believed humour to be a sign of above-average intelligence
A) True B) False C) No Information
23. Kant believed that a successful joke involves the controlled release of nervous energy.
A) True B) False C) No Information
24. Current thinking on humour has largely ignored Aristotle’s view on the subject.
A) True B) False C) No Information
25. Graeme Ritchie’s work links jokes to artificial intelligence
A) True B) False C) No Information

For questions 26-29, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the answer sheet.

26. One of the brain’s most difficult tasks is to

A) cope with difficult situations
B) react to their own thoughts.
C) helped create language in humans.
D) respond instantly to whatever is happening.
27. Because of the language they have developed, humans
A) may provide valuable information about the operation of the brain
B) react to their own thoughts
C) led our ancestors to smile and then laugh.
D) cope with difficult situations
28. Individual responses to humour
A) relate to a person’s subjective views.
B) respond instantly to whatever is happening.
C) may provide valuable information about the operation of the brain
D) cope with difficult situations
29. Peter Derks believes that humour
A) led our ancestors to smile and then laugh.
B) respond instantly to whatever is happening.
C) may provide valuable information about the operation of the brain
D) relate to a person’s subjective views.

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 Part 5
Read the following text for questions 30-35

Variations on a theme: the sonnet form in English Poetry

The form of lyric poetry known as ‘the sonnet’, or ‘little song’, was introduced into the English
poetic corpus by Sir Thomas Wyatt the Elder and his contemporary Henry Howard, Earl of
Surrey, during the first half of the sixteenth century. It originated, however, in Italy three
centuries earlier, with the earliest examples known being those of Giacomo de Lentino, ‘The
Notary’ in the Sicilian court of the Emperor Frederick II, dating from the third decade of the
thirteenth century. The Sicilian sonneteers are relatively obscure, but the form was taken up by
the two most famous poets of the Italian Renaissance, Dante and Petrarch, and indeed the latter
is regarded as the master of the form.

The Petrarchan sonnet form, the first to be introduced into English poetry, is a complex poetic
structure. It comprises fourteen lines written in a rhyming metrical pattern of iambic
pentameter, that into say each line is ten syllables long, divided into five ‘feet’ or pairs of
syllables (hence ‘pentameter’), with a stress pattern where the first syllable of each foot is
unstressed and the second stressed (an iambic foot). This can be seen if we look at the first line
of one of Wordsworth’s sonnets, ‘After-Thought’: ‘I thought of thee my partner and my guide’.
If we break down this line into its constituent syllabic parts, we can see the five feet and the
stress pattern (in this example each stressed syllable is underlined), thus: ‘I thought/ of thee/
my partner and/ my guide’.

The rhyme scheme for the Petrarchan sonnet is equally as rigid. The poem is generally divided
into two parts, the octave (eight lines) and the sestet (six lines), which is demonstrated through
rhyme rather than an actual space between each section. The octave is usually rhymed
abbaabba with the first, fourth, fifth and eighth lines rhyming with each other, and the second,
third, sixth and seventh also rhyming. The sestet is more varied: it can follow the patterns
cdecde, cdccdc, or cdedce. Perhaps the best interpretation of this division in the Petrarchan
sonnet is by Charles Gayley, who wrote: “The octave bears the burden; a doubt, a problem,. a
reflection, a query, an historical statement, a cry of indignation or desire, a vision of the ideal.
The sestet eases the load, resolves the problem or doubt, answers the query or doubt, solaces
the yearning, realises the vision.” Thus, we can see that the rhyme scheme demonstrates a
twofold division in the poem, providing a structure for the development of themes and ideas.

Early on, however, English poets began to vary and experiment with this structure. The first
major development was made by Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, altogether an indifferent poet,
but was taken up and perfected by William Shakespeare, and is named after him. The
Shakespearean sonnet also has fourteen lines in iambic pentameter, but rather than the
division into octave and sestet, the poem is divided into four parts: three quatrains and a final
rhyming couplet. Each quatrain has its own internal rhyme scheme, thus a typical
Shakespearean sonnet would rhyme abab cdcd efef gg. Such a structure naturally allows
greater flexibility for the author and it would be hard, if not impossible, to enumerate the
different ways in which it has been employed, by Shakespeare and others.

teacher_Muzaffar Page 9
 For example, an idea might be introduced in the first quatrain, complicated in the second,
further complicated in the third, and resolved in the final couplet — indeed, the couplet is almost
always used as a resolution to the poem, though often in a surprising way.

These, then, are the two standard forms of the sonnet in English poetry, but it should be
recognized that poets rarely follow rules precisely and a number of other sonnet types have
been developed, playing with the structural. elements. Edmund Spenser, for example, more
famous for his verse epic ‘The Faerie Queene’, invented a variation on the Shakespearean form
by interlocking the rhyme schemes between the quatrains, thus: abab bcbc cdcd ee, while in the
twentieth century Rupert Brooke reversed his sonnet, beginning with the couplet. John Milton,
the seventeenth-century poet, was unsatisfied with the fourteen-line format and wrote a
number of ‘Caudate’ sonnets, or ‘sonnets with the regular fourteen lines (on the Petrarchan
model) with a ‘coda’ or ‘tail’ of a further six lines. A similar notion informs George Meredith’s
sonnet sequence ‘Modern Love’, where most sonnets in the cycle have sixteen lines.

Perhaps the most radical of innovators, however, has been Gerard Manley Hopkins, who
developed what he called the ‘Curtal’ sonnet. This form varies the length of the poem, reducing it
in effect to eleven and a half lines, the rhyme scheme and the number of feet per line.
Modulating the Petrarchan form, instead of two quatrains in the octave, he has two tercets
rhyming abc abc, and in place of the sestet he has four and a half lines, with a rhyme scheme
dcbdc. As if this is not enough, the tercets are no longer in iambic pentameter, but have six
stresses instead of five, as does the final quatrain, with the exception of the last line, which has
three. Many critics, however, are sceptical as to whether such a major variation can indeed be
classified as a sonnet, but as verse forms and structures become freer, and poets less satisfied
with convention, it is likely that even more experimental forms will out.

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 For questions 30-33, fill in the missing information in the numbered spaces.
Write no more than ONE WORD and / or A NUMBER for each question.

30. Sir Thomas Wyatt the Elder and Henry Howard were ________________________.

31. Among poets of the Italian Renaissance ________________________ was considered to be the better

sonneteer.

32. It was in the third decade of the thirteenth century that the ________________________was

introduced.

33. The Petrarchan sonnet form consists of ________________________ lines.

For questions 34-35, choose the correct answer A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on the answer
sheet
34. According to Charles Gayley,
A) the octave is longer than the sestet.
B) the octave develops themes and ideas
C) the sestet provides answers and solutions.
D) the sestet demonstrates a twofold division.

35. The Shakespearean sonnet is

A) an indifferent development.
B) more developed than the Petrarchan sonnet.
C) more flexible than the Petrarchan sonnet.
D) enumerated in different ways.

@multileveltest Youtube: teacher_Muzaffar @online_reception

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