ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Making this project help us a lot on improving our knowledge on many topics
We would also like to thank our NASA in charge Ms. V. Rajeswari for guiding us in the proper way to
complete our project

During our project we have faced some difficulties completing our project. We would again
thank our NASA

We made this project with the help of project for 2022-2023 made by our school

Also, we would like to thank our parents who provided the maximum support to us by giving moral
values and helping us financially. We heartly thank them for their help. Finally, we also thank our
institution, Sri Chaitanya Techno Schools, for providing this opportunity to participate in this
competition.

"Imagination is more important than knowledge. Knowledge is limited. Imagination encircles the
world."
~ALBERT EINSTIEN
We have been inspired by the words of Albert Einstein. We used Imagination instead of knowledge.
And this attitude has inspired us to do something we had only imagined. Inspiration has made us
present this project.

OUR TEAM
1.Mohith Reddy (Captain)
2.Stephen (vice-captain)
3.Krishna Chaitanya
4.Prathibha Angel
5.Hema Lakshmi
6.Uttara Anjani
7.Ram Tanish
8.Santosh
 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Our settlement, Onism is an effort towards turning the dream of living in space into reality. It is the effort of
expanding the horizons and limits of humankind, exploring endless space.
Here we are going to give a brief explanation about our chapters in our space colony.
The First chapter is on Introduction

Introduction: In this chapter we will explain about the space colony, why Onism, name of the project, features
of the project, etc...

The second chapter is on Structural and designing

Structural and designing: In this chapter we will explain about the basic shapes, location of our settlement,
Materials required, etc...
The third chapter is on life support

Life support: We will provide all kinds of factors which are needed for an artificial Life in space for humans. We
will create a artificial environment like the earth.

Our fourth chapter is on Human life Design.

Human life Design: Onism has a well-defined constitution. This constitution provides all rights to every citizen in
the space settlement. We will provide equality for education etc.

Our fifth chapter is on Operations and Automations.

Operations and Automations: Including security, factories, transportation, communications, waste

management, etc., are operated by advanced technology and hi-tech robots and machines.

Our sixth chapter is on Entertainment.

Entertainment: we cover all the games etc

Our seventh chapter is on Trade & business.

Trade and business: we will cover the investment which we have kept for construction of our space colony by
the industries, trading with the earth, and etc We will establish many industries like electrical industry,
mechanical industries, etc...,
Our eighth chapter is on cost & schedule.

Cost & Schedule: We have estimated the cost of our space colony with perfect imagination.

Finally, we written biography Chapter, where we mentioned all the websites we referred to during the project.
S.NO NAME OF CHAPTER

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
OUR TEAM
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

CH-1 INTRODUCTION
1.1 WHAT IS SPACE COLONY
1.2 WHY DO WE NEED SPACE COLONY
1.3 WHAT ARE THE BENEFITS OF A SPACE COLONY-
1.4 LIMITATIONS OF SPACE COLONY
1.5 NAME OF THE PROJECT
1.6 FEATURES OF THE PROJECT
1.7 LOCATION OF OUR SETTLEMENT

CH-2 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

2.1 BASIC SHAPES
2.2 CHOOSING AMONG THE BASIC SPACES
2.3 DIMENSIONS
2.4 STEPS OF CONSTRUCTION
2.5 COMPONENTS OF ONISM
2.6 ROTATING AND NON-ROLA SECTIONS
2.7 MORE ABOUT DOCKING PORTS
2.8 MATERIALS REQUIRED
2.9 THRUSTERS AND BOOSTERS

CH-3 HUMAN NEEDS IN SPACE

3.1 GRAVITY
3.2 FOOD
3.3 WATER
3.4 OXYGEN AND ATMOSPHERE
3.5 TEMPERATURE
3.6 DAY, NIGHT AND SEASON
3.7 THERMAL MANAGEMENT

CH-4 OPERATIONS AND AUTOMATIONS:

4.1 CONTROLLING AND MONITORING SYSTEMS
4.2 TRANSPORTATION
4.3 SECURITY
4.4 COMMUNICATION
4.5 WASTE MANAGEMENT
4.6 ROBOTICS

CH-5 HUMAN LIFE DESIGN

5.1 DEMOGRAPHY
5.2 CONSTITUTION
5.3 EDUCATION SYSTEM
5.4 RECREATION AND ENTERTAINMENT
5.5 HEALTH CARE

CH-6 REVENUE MAKING

6.1 INDUSTRIES
6.2 BUSINESS

CH-7 COST & SCHEDULE

7.1 COST & SCHEDULE
7.2 SCHEDULE

BIBLIOGRAPHY
BOOK REFERENCE
 CHAPTER 1 : INTRODUCTION[

In this chapter, we are going to discuss our Space Settlement (Colony). About the name of our colony,
advanced features, the location of our settlement & Materials used to construct our colony.
1.1 WHAT IS SPACE COLONY?

According to us a space settlement is a human habitation beyond earth which would provide suitable living
conditions for the survival of our race. But Generally, Space colony are also called space colonization, or we
can say splitting the beauty of humans into fabulous space. It also helps us to expand then research of human
beings further into space. It also helps us to carry life for our future generation and continue the life race of
humans.

Till now we have not started space colonization but let us hope we can in the future. Our technology is much
improved so that there are many chances for us to do space settlement in our future by our next generation.

We get raised so many questions when we hear the word why space settlement is needed.

1.2 WHY DO WE NEED SPACE COLONY:

1. Overpopulation and Resource Scarcity: Earth's population is continually growing, and there is increasing
pressure on available resources. Space colonies could provide additional living space and access to
extraterrestrial resources.

2. Environmental Sustainability: Establishing colonies in space could help alleviate the environmental impact
of human activities on Earth. It offers an opportunity to develop sustainable practices without depleting the
planet's resources.

3. Scientific Exploration: Space colonies can serve as bases for scientific research and exploration of
celestial bodies. They provide a unique vantage point for studying space phenomena and conducting
experiments in microgravity environments.

1.3 WHAT ARE THE BENIFITS OF A SPACE COLONY:

1. Shifting the overpopulated population from the earth to the space

2. Exploring the horizons and the edges of the universe
3. Restoring the resources on the earth
4. Prevention of the extension of humanity and the life on the earth
5. Allows us to access the resources in the space
6. Advancement of the technology of the space and the earth

1.4 LIMITATIONS OF SPACE COLONY

Establishing a space colony poses numerous challenges, ranging from technological and engineering
obstacles to physiological and psychological considerations. Here are some of the key problems that need to
be addressed:

1. Air and Water Recycling: Developing efficient systems to recycle and renew air and water resources within
a closed environment is crucial for long-term habitation.

2. Food Production: Creating sustainable and efficient methods for growing food in space is essential for the
colony's self-sufficiency.

3. Shielding: Protecting inhabitants from harmful cosmic and solar radiation requires innovative shielding
solutions for both the habitat structure and spacesuit design.

4. Health Concerns: Prolonged exposure to microgravity can have adverse effects on human health, including
bone density loss and muscle atrophy. Countermeasures need to be developed to mitigate these effects.

5. Rotational Systems: Implementing rotating structures to simulate gravity requires engineering solutions to
manage structural integrity, energy requirements, and the potential for motion sickness among inhabitants.

6. Cost and Efficiency: Developing cost-effective and reliable transportation systems for ferrying people and
resources between Earth and the space colony is crucial.

7. Isolation and Confinement: Dealing with the psychological impacts of isolation, confinement, and the
distance from Earth on the mental well-being of the inhabitants.

8. Ecosystem Balance: Maintaining a balanced and sustainable ecosystem within the colony, including waste
management and ecological considerations.
Technological Innovation:

9. Advanced Technologies: Continued research and development in various fields, such as materials
science, energy production, and automation, to enable the construction and functioning of a space colony.

1.5 NAME OF THE PROJECT:

We have decided on the name “ONISM” for our space colony.

The meaning of the name “ONISM” is the awareness of how little of the world you will see
1.6 FEATURES OF THE PROJECT:

We are keeping the following features to our Space Colony.

Super Structure

Provisions

Wireless Technologies

Artificial Intelligence

Robots

Lot of Engineering principals

Advanced Communication Systems etc.

1.7 LOCATION OF OUR SETTLEMENT:

Space is nothing but a vacuum. A vacuum is a volume of empty of matter or in which the pressure is so low that any
particle or Object in the space do not affect by any process being carried. So, in this vast area (1KM above Ground level
to infinite distance), location of the settlement can be chosen based on two criteria’s,

Earth orbits

Lagrange Points

For the location of our settlement, we are taking the option Lagrange Points. In that Lagrange points we are choosing
our location as the Lagrange point 5 or simply L5.

We have chosen the point L5 because,

It is the point where there is low risk of space debris loke asteroids, meteoroids, etc and there relatively proximity to the
earth.

The L5 point is a point where you can get maximum sunlight (more than L4) for the residents of the space colony.
Because you will be in the topmost point of all Lagrange points.

The L4 and L5 are in such a way that they are equidistant from both earth and the moon and they form an equilateral
triangle between the celestial bodies with 60-degree angle.

In this location can have interplanetary dust which is a problem to overcome. Thankfully this can be overcome by a few
different methods
 CHAPTER 2 : STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

2.1 BASIC SHAPES:

To construct any space colony, we need some specific shapes they are sphere, cylinder, torus and dumbbell.

The following is reasons on why we use sphere, cylinder, torus and only some other shapes:
Cylinder: A rotating cylinder that provides living space on the inner surface. This shape allows for large
habitats with a controlled, gravity-like environment.
The area of the central cylinder is given by 6911 square km.
The area of the central hub is given by 1725 square km.
The area of the docking port is given by 15 sq.km
Torus: A torus (doughnut-shaped) habitat that rotates to create artificial gravity on the inner surface. This
design allows for a mix of residential and agricultural areas.

The area of 4 tori in the settlement is given by 3290815000 square feets.

Sphere: A large rotating sphere that creates artificial gravity on its interior. This design is compact and efficient
in terms of structural integrity.

The area of 4 spheres in the settlement is 750 square km

2.2 CHOOSING AMONG THE BASIC SPACES:

Each of the geometric shapes you mentioned—torus, sphere, cylinder, and dumbbell—has unique properties and
applications. Here are some benefits and characteristics associated with each shape:

1. Torus:

Efficient Space Utilization: The torus, or a doughnut shape, provides efficient use of space. It has a large surface area
relative to its volume, making it suitable for applications where space optimization is crucial.

Structural Stability: The torus is inherently stable due to its continuous and symmetrical shape. This stability makes it
suitable for certain architectural designs and engineering applications

2. Sphere:

Uniform Stress Distribution: Spheres distribute stress uniformly across their surface, making them ideal for
applications where pressure needs to be evenly distributed. This property is crucial in engineering, such as for pressure
vessels.

Maximum Volume with Minimum Surface Area: Spheres maximize volume for a given surface area, which is
advantageous in containers where maximizing internal space is essential.

3. Cylinder:

Storage Efficiency: Cylinders are often used for storage due to their efficiency in utilizing space. Examples include
tanks, pipes, and containers.

Mechanical Stability: Cylinders offer stability in one direction, making them suitable for structural applications like
columns and beams. They also resist bending forces well.

4. dumbbell:
 Variable Mass Distribution: The dumbbell shape allows for variations in mass distribution, making it versatile for use in
sports equipment, fitness tools, and certain mechanical applications.

Balanced Design: The symmetrical design of a dumbbell ensures balanced weight distribution, which is essential for
exercises and physical training. It provides stability during movements.

Overall Considerations:

Versatility: The versatility of these shapes allows for their use in various industries, from architecture to engineering,
and even in the design of everyday objects.

Aesthetic Appeal: Each shape can have aesthetic appeal, influencing design choices in architecture and art.

Functional Design: The choice of shape depends on the specific function and requirements of the application. For
example, a torus might be suitable for a space station design, while a sphere is optimal for a pressure vessel.

Understanding the benefits of each shape helps in choosing the most appropriate one for a given application, whether
it's structural stability, space optimization, or functional design.

Onism shall have 28,000 full-time residents and the other 7,000 people as temporary resident ‘s. i.e., traders, official
businesspeople, guests, people who come for vacations from Earth, etc. Residential torus A shall contain 15,000 people,
out of which, 3,500 are temporary. Similarly, Residential torus B shall contain the other 20,000 people, out of which,
5,500 are temporary. Keeping all this in mind, the total population in is 35,000 people.

2.3 DIMIENSIONS:

Our project finished should look like this

2.4 STEPS OF CONSTRUCTION:

Onism is going to constructed in the following sequence:

First, base camps on Moon and Mars will be constructed to provide the Lunar and Martian mineral necessary for the
construction of ONISM.

S.NO
Construction sequence Time period Structure
Construction of Onism shall start with 2 years
making the centeral cylinder
1)

2) After the central cylinder we will build 1 year

the docking ports on the central
cylinder

3) Then we will add the spokes for the 4 4 years

tori

4) Add the 4 tori onto the spokes 16 years

5) And the last step is adding spokes for 12 years

sphere and 4 spheres
2.5 COMPONENTS OF 'NAME':

> Central cylinder

> Upper docking section agricultural torus

> Research and development sphere

> Waste management & recycling sphere

> Residential torus - A

> Central hub (main control station)

> Residential torus - B

> Recreation & development sphere - A

> Recreation & development s - B

> Industrial torus

> Lower docking port

DETAILS OF THE PARTS MENTIONED ABOVE:

Residential torus A and B: This torus is used for the living purpose for the people and the children in the space colony. In
this there will be shopping malls, parks, groceries shops, hospitals, medical shops, schools, etc. In this space settlement
24 thousand people (about the seating capacity of Madison Square Garden) are going to live.

Agricultural tours: In this torus we will grow the crops which are used for the citizens in our space colony. These crops
will also be exported to the earth also. These crops will also be sent to the hotels in our space colony. By this also we can
generate the economy, and the money which we have invested in the construction of the space colony. We will do the
farming by methods like hydroponics etc.

Industrial torus: In this torus there will be the industries which will make the major economy and we will get most of the
money which we have kept for the construction of the space colony. In this there will be electrical devices Manufacture
Company, medical manufacture company, auto mobile company, food processing company, etc.

Entertainment: In this part of the space colony there will be machines for playing games and some physical games like
virtual reality games, zero gravity games, gymnastics, golf, etc.

We have also concentrated on the games because these will calm the frustration of the citizens in the space settlement.

Research and development: In this part of the space settlement, we carry out research of asteroids, and developing the
features of the space colony. By this we can upgrade the features of our space colony.

Docking sections: In this part of our space settlement the spacecraft will dock, and they will unload and load the goods
and the people will also come and go from the space colony and here there will be some small shops.

Central hub: In this Part of the space settlement, we will control and monitor the space settlement, and the constitution
of the space colony will also be controlled from here. From here we will also monitor the industries and the agriculture
of the space colony. Here there will be a thruster also for the rotation and the movement of the space colony.

2.6 ROTATING AND NON-ROTATING SECTIONS:

We should create gravity in our space colony for the people who are living here. Gravity plays an important role in our
space colony. Gravity will hold the people on the ground.

The whole colony is going to rotate 2.387671627 rpm

2.7 MORE ABOUT DOCKING PORTS:

Docking port helps in transportation in and out through the space colony of people, goods, minerals & materials. They
are one of the main parts of the space colony. Without the docking port we cannot make a proper space colony as it is
the only way to get in and out of the settlement.

In our ONISM, there will be the thrusting section at the Lower Docking Section. We will convert the lower docking area
to the lower thrusting section anytime, and anywhere.
 It is the place where superficial actions including transportation and other activities are done.

2.8 MATERIALS REQUIRED:

Basically, on earth we are constructing the houses, buildings, villas, etc… with cement, bricks, sand, water, construction
chips but we cannot construct a space colony with these materials. So, we will use some special construction materials
to build our colony.

 M5 FIBER
 Ti-Al Alloy
 CARBON NANO TUBES
 GRAPHENE
 LEAD GLASS
 TUNGSTEN
 R.T.V ADHESIVE
 KEVLAR
 AEROGEL
 CARBON FIBER

some general characteristics for each of them:

 M5 Fiber (Assuming M5 refers to a specific type of fiber):
o M5 Fiber characteristics would depend on its composition, which can vary.
Generally, fibers are known for their strength, flexibility, and resistance to
stretching.
 Ti-Al Alloy (Titanium-Aluminum Alloy):
o Lightweight and high strength.
o Corrosion-resistant.
o Good heat resistance.
 Carbon Nanotubes:
o Exceptional strength and stiffness.
o Good thermal and electrical conductivity.
o Nanotubes have unique mechanical and electronic properties.
 Graphene:
o Single layer of carbon atoms arranged in a hexagonal lattice.
o Extremely strong and lightweight.
o Excellent conductor of electricity and heat.
 Lead Glass:
o High refractive index.
o Good radiation shielding properties due to lead content.
 o Used in radiation protection and optics.
 Tungsten:
o High melting point and density.
o Excellent thermal and electrical conductivity.
o Used in various applications, including aerospace and electronics.
 R.T.V Adhesive (Room Temperature Vulcanizing Adhesive):
o Cures at room temperature.
o Provides strong bonds for various materials.
o Often used for sealing and bonding applications.
 Kevlar:
o High tensile strength.
o Lightweight and resistant to abrasion.
o Widely used in ballistic applications, such as body armor.
 Aerogel:
o Extremely low density.
o Excellent thermal insulator.
o Often referred to as "frozen smoke."
 Carbon Fiber:
o High strength-to-weight ratio.
o Low thermal expansion.
o Used in aerospace, automotive, and sports equipment.

2.9 THRUSTERS AND BOOSTERS

VASIMR (Variable Specific Impulse Magneto plasma Rocket) is a type of advanced

electric propulsion system that has been developed for potential use in space missions.
Here are some key features and characteristics of VASIMR thrusters:

1. Electric Propulsion: VASIMR thrusters belong to the category of electric propulsion

systems. They use electrical energy to ionize and heat plasma and then expel it at high
velocities to produce thrust.

2. Variable Specific Impulse: One notable feature of VASIMR is its ability to vary its
specific impulse. Specific impulse is a measure of the efficiency of a propulsion system.
By adjusting the energy and power input to the thruster, VASIMR can control its specific
impulse and adapt to different mission requirements.

3. Magneto plasma and Magnetic Field: VASIMR utilizes the principles of magneto
plasma, where a gas is ionized and transformed into a plasma by the application of a
strong magnetic field. The plasma is then heated and accelerated to generate thrust.
4. High Exhaust Velocities: VASIMR thrusters can achieve high exhaust velocities
compared to traditional chemical rockets, which allows for faster and more efficient
propulsion over long distances.

5. Proposed Applications: VASIMR technology has been suggested for a range of space
missions, including satellite repositioning, orbit maintenance, and deep space
exploration. Its high efficiency and long-duration operation make it suitable for missions
requiring sustained thrust.

6. Current Technology Readiness Level (TRL): While VASIMR has shown promise in
laboratory testing and ground-based demonstrations, its full-scale implementation and
deployment for space missions are still in progress. Ongoing research and development
are focused on improving technology and addressing the engineering challenges
associated with its integration into operational spacecraft.

It's important to note that VASIMR technology is still evolving, and its practical
application in space missions will depend on further advancements, validation, and
integration into future spacecraft designs.
 CHAPTER 3: HUMAN NEEDS IN SPACE

In this chapter, students write on Space, its characteristics and on introductory content on
his/her Space Project theme (Colony/Hotel/Asteroid Mining).
It mandatory to cover mainly below specified four Topic

3.1 GRAVITY:
Gravity plays a main role in human life. It holds us on the surface of earth gravity is the weakest
force, but it is the important force for the evolution of universe.

CONSEQUNS ORGUSIMS FACE WITH OUT GRAVITY

In the absence of gravity, Organsimis faco various Challenges.

Microgravity experienced in space, affect the musculoskeletal system Causing bone loss.

It includes in heart muscle mass and change in volume distribution

In microgravity environment, such as space. may experience muscle deconditioning due to

reduced use and resistance. This may read muscle atrophy, where muscles cose mass and
strength

Heres how we are going make gravity

Spacecraft Rotation:

A spacecraft could be designed to rotate, creating artificial gravity Example: Some science
fiction spacecraft designs incorporate rotation to address the effects of microgravity.
The space colony is going to have 9.8g’s

3.2 FOOD:

Food is a substance that helps us get energy. Food helps the functioning of the human body.
heance, we need food to live in space but there is no food for us in space. So, we need to make
food in space

Hydroponics:
Hydroponics is a method of growing plants without soil, where the plants receive all the
necessary nutrients through a nutrient-rich water solution. Instead of growing in traditional soil,
hydroponic systems provide physical support to the plants while their roots are suspended or
submerged in the nutrient solution.

In hydroponics, various techniques and setups can be used, but they all share the common
principle of delivering the essential elements required for plant growth directly to the plant roots
in a controlled environment. Some key components and characteristics of hydroponic systems
include:

1. Growing Medium: Instead of soil, hydroponics utilizes different types of inert growing media to
provide mechanical support to the plants. Some examples include expanded clay pellets,
rockwool, perlite, vermiculite, and coconut coir. The growing medium anchors the roots and
allows for the passage of water, oxygen, and nutrients.

2. Nutrient Solution: A precisely balanced mixture of mineral nutrients is dissolved in water to

create the nutrient solution. This solution contains all the essential elements required for plant
growth, including macronutrients (such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium) and
micronutrients (such as iron, manganese, and zinc). The nutrient solution is regularly supplied to
the plant roots, ensuring optimal nutrient uptake.

3. Water and Oxygen: Hydroponics systems provide a continuous supply of oxygen and water to
the roots. Oxygen is essential for root respiration, and water is necessary to deliver nutrients.
Oxygenation is achieved through various methods like using air pumps or oxygenating the
nutrient solution. Proper water management is crucial to prevent waterlogging and promote
oxygenation.

4. Control and Monitoring: Hydroponic systems often incorporate methods to monitor and control
environmental factors such as pH levels, nutrient concentration, temperature, and lighting. This
control allows for precise adjustments to optimize plant growth and productivity.

5. Advantages of Hydroponics: Hydroponics offers several advantages over traditional soil-based

cultivation. These include faster plant growth rates, higher crop yields, reduced water usage,
efficient nutrient uptake by plants, and the ability to grow plants in environments with limited
access to arable land or adverse soil conditions.

Hydroponics has been applied in various contexts, ranging from small-scale setups in home
gardens to large-scale commercial operations. It provides a flexible and sustainable approach to
agriculture while offering the potential for year-round cultivation and food production in
controlled environments.
3.3 WATER:
Methane for Methane-Oxygen Combustion:

Methane-oxygen combustion is a chemical reaction that occurs when methane (CH4) and oxygen
(O2) react in the presence of heat or a spark. The reaction can be represented by the following
balanced equation:

CH4 + 2O2 -> CO2 + 2H2O + heat

In this reaction, methane (a hydrocarbon) is the fuel, and oxygen acts as the oxidizer. The
reaction produces carbon dioxide (CO2) and water (H2O) as products, along with the release of
heat.

Methane-oxygen combustion is an exothermic reaction, meaning it releases heat energy. This reaction is commonly used
in various applications, including:

1. Energy Production: The combustion of methane is an essential process in natural gas power plants, where methane is
burned to produce high-temperature gases that drive turbines and generate electricity.

2. Heating and Cooking: In households and industrial settings, methane gas is commonly used as a fuel for heating and
cooking appliances, such as gas stoves and furnaces.

3. Internal Combustion Engines: Methane can be used as a fuel in internal combustion engines, such as those found in
vehicles. When methane reacts with oxygen in the engine's combustion chamber, it releases energy, which is converted
into mechanical work to power the engine.

4. Space Exploration: Methane-oxygen combustion has also been studied as a potential propellant for rocket engines.
Methane offers advantages in terms of energy density, storability, and potential for in-situ resource utilization on other
planets or celestial bodies.

It's important to note that the combustion of methane and other fossil fuels produces carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas
that contributes to climate change. Therefore, efforts are being made to develop more environmentally friendly
alternatives and to explore methods for capturing and reducing the carbon emissions associated with combustion
processes.

3.4 OXYGEN AND ATMOSSPHERE:

Oxygen and hydrogen production:

1. Electrolysis:
  Electrolysis Cell: A container with two electrodes (usually made of a conductive
material like graphite or platinum) immersed in water or an electrolyte solution.
 Power Source: A direct current (DC) power supply is needed to drive the
electrolysis reaction.
2. Electrolyte:
 Pure water is a poor conductor of electricity. Therefore, an electrolyte (such as
potassium hydroxide, KOH) is often added to enhance conductivity.
3. Efficiency:
 Electrolysis for hydrogen and oxygen production is not 100% efficient. Factors like
overpotential, side reactions, and heat losses can affect overall efficiency.
4. Applications:
 Hydrogen and oxygen produced through electrolysis can be used for various
applications, including fuel cells, industrial processes, and as a clean energy
carrier.
5. Environmental Considerations:
 Electrolysis can be a clean method of producing hydrogen if the electricity used is
generated from renewable sources, such as solar or wind power.
It's important to note that electrolysis is just one method for producing hydrogen and
oxygen. Other methods, such as steam methane reforming or water-gas shift reactions,
are also used on an industrial scale. The choice of method depends on factors like cost,
energy source availability, and intended applications.

Microbial Systems for Waste Recycling:

Employ microbial systems to break down organic waste, producing methane (CH4) as a
byproduct. Methane can be further processed for energy or other applications.
Plants for Oxygen Production:

Utilise plants in a controlled environment to perform photosynthesis, generating oxygen as a

byproduct. This biological process mimics Earth's natural oxygen cycle.

Carbon Dioxide Scrubbing:

Implement systems to capture and scrub carbon dioxide (CO2) from the air. This captured CO2
can then be used in processes like electrolysis or chemical reactions to produce additional
oxygen.

Closed-Loop Life Support System:

Utilize gases such as oxygen and carbon dioxide within the colony's environment to create a closed-
loop system that supports human life. Oxygen produced through electrolysis or other methods can be
circulated for breathing, while carbon dioxide exhaled by inhabitants can be captured and processed
to regenerate oxygen. This closed-loop system helps maintain a sustainable and self-sufficient
environment, reducing dependence on external oxygen supplies and minimizing waste.
3.5 TEMPARATURE:

To live we need a perfect temperature that can be predictable. In our Onism, we are giving the
artificial temperature that can be suitable to live. The temperature in our space settlement will
give the ultimate experience than the other settlements and the earth.

We will maintain the temperature from the

Central hub. Controlling the temperature inside the space colony means controlling
the humidity, greenhouse gases and the inbuilt heaters. By changing the temperature, we can
get the same feeling as we are living on the earth. To controlling all these temperatures, we
will use the systems called HVAC SYSTEM…

For maintaining the temperature, we will increase the temperature gradually from
early morning to the afternoon and we will decrease the temperature from afternoon to mid
night. The temperature on the day time will be higher when compared to the night times. See
this table for the maintaining the temperature day by day.

We are giving the default temperatures day by day as per the weeks in out settlement.
But residents can change their own temperature only in their houses with the high security of
Biometric Authentication.
3.6 DAY, NIGHT AND SEASONS:
To complete our daily life, we need a perfect climate in our environment. So that we need
regular day and nights. We are used to the day and night system on earth if we change the the
day and night it will take some time to get used to it
So, days, nights and seasons in the space colony is going to be same as on the earth.
In a space colony situated far from any celestial bodies, the experience of day and night is
unique and differs from the familiar cycle observed on Earth. Here's an explanation of how day
and night are perceived in a space colony:

1. Artificial Lighting: In the absence of natural sunlight, space colonies rely heavily on artificial
lighting systems to provide illumination. Powerful lighting fixtures strategically placed
throughout the colony simulate daylight, creating a consistent brightness level. This artificial
lighting ensures visibility and allows for regular activities to take place without the need for
darkness.

2. Time Zones and Schedules: Like on Earth, space colonies may adopt time zones and
schedules to maintain a sense of routine and synchronization. These divisions help regulate
sleep patterns, work shifts, and recreational activities, ensuring that residents can follow a
structured daily life within the colony.

3. Astronomical Simulations: To offer residents a sense of connection to the outside universe,

simulations of celestial bodies and their movements are often created. These simulations can
be displayed on screens or projected within communal spaces, mimicking the appearance of
stars, planets, and galaxies. These simulations help recreate a simulated day and night cycle,
offering residents a gentle reminder of the passage of time.

4. Artificial Skylights: To introduce an ambient variation in lighting, space colonies may feature
artificial skylights or "windows" that simulate natural phenomena. These skylights can project
different lighting patterns, colors, and intensities to replicate the appearance of sunrise,
sunset, and the gradual fading of light associated with dusk and dawn.
5. Personal Time Management: As space colonies may operate on different schedules or follow
adjusted day and night cycles, residents might have individual control over their personal
lighting settings and wake/sleep patterns. This flexibility allows for customization based on
personal preferences, work requirements, or personal well-being.

It's important to note that the specific design and lighting techniques within a space colony
can vary depending on the colony's location, purpose, and the preferences of its inhabitants.
The main objective is to ensure the well-being and productivity of residents while providing
psychological comfort through the imitation of natural daily cycles.
We are implementing the above steps in our settlement.

3.7 THERMAL MANAGEMENT:

The process you're describing involves the utilization of acoustic waves and thermal induction
for both refrigeration and temperature increase. In this innovative system, the "driver" emits
sound frequencies into a resonator filled with high-pressure gases. The resonator, acting as a
tube, plays a crucial role in this setup. Positioned between these tubes is a stack of porous
material, solid in nature to impede the path of sound frequencies.

The remarkable aspect of this design lies in its ability to leverage the thermoacoustic effect. As
the acoustic waves traverse the system, a cooling effect occurs at one end, leading to the
generation of refrigeration. Scaling up this technology could revolutionize air-cooling on a
large scale, providing artificial winter experiences for entire colonies.

To complement this cooling mechanism, the concept of Thermal Induction comes into play for
temperature regulation. Waste water becomes a valuable resource as it is heated using
thermal induction. The air produced during this heating process is then directly supplied to
residential hybrid tori, contributing to a controlled and elevated temperature in living areas.
This holistic approach not only offers efficient refrigeration but also introduces a sustainable
method for enhancing ambient temperatures. The integration of acoustic and thermal
principles showcases a promising avenue for creating comfortable living environments,
potentially transforming the way we experience climate control on a community-wide scale.

CHAPERTER 4: OPERATIONS AND AUTOMATIONS:

4.1 CONTROLLING AND MONITORING SYSTEMS:

The central nucleus or sphere, serving as the main control system for the entire settlement,
will be a focal point for efficient organization. The comprehensive departmental structure will
allocate specific functions to various units, ensuring the smooth operation of the entire colony.
Each department plays a crucial role in maintaining the settlement's functionality.

In the realm of housing, the colony offers a diverse range of options tailored to meet the
needs of families and individuals alike. Residents can choose from an array of housing types,
including luxurious villas, modern apartments, charming independent houses, and grand
mansions. This variety ensures that the colony caters to a spectrum of preferences and
lifestyles.

Moreover, the houses within the settlement boast an abundance of facilities, ranging from
essential amenities to opulent luxuries. This meticulous planning and attention to detail
contribute to creating a thriving and harmonious community where residents can enjoy a high
quality of life within their chosen living spaces.

4.2 transportation:
Transportation refers to the movement of people, goods, or information from one location to
another. It plays a crucial role in connecting people, facilitating trade, and enabling the
exchange of ideas. Transportation systems encompass a wide range of modes, infrastructure,
and vehicles designed to meet different transportation needs.
There are 2 types of transportation in the space settlement:
1. Internal transportation
2. External transportation
1. INTERNAL TRANSPORTATION:
In a space colony, internal transportation refers to the movement of people and goods within
the colony's enclosed environment. Due to the unique challenges and constraints of living in
space, internal transportation systems are designed to ensure efficient and safe movement
while optimizing limited resources. Here are some aspects of internal transportation in a space
colony:

1. Walkways and Corridors: Space colonies typically have a network of walkways and corridors
connecting different modules, compartments, and living areas. These pathways accommodate
pedestrian traffic and provide access to various facilities and living spaces.

2. Elevators and Lift Systems: Vertical movement within a space colony is facilitated by
elevators or lift systems. These are essential for accessing different levels or floors of the
colony, especially in multi-story structures or habitats.

3. Personal Mobility Devices: In larger space colonies, personal mobility devices can be utilized
for individual movement. These may include electric scooters, bicycles, or similar compact
vehicles designed for short-distance travel within the colony. They can be useful for quickly
navigating between different areas or for individuals with mobility constraints.

4. Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs): AGVs can be deployed in space colonies to automate
the transportation of goods, supplies, or waste management within the colony. These self-
driving vehicles follow predetermined paths or utilize sensors and algorithms to navigate
safely and efficiently, reducing the need for human intervention.

5. Transportation Hubs and Stations: Larger space colonies might have centralized
transportation hubs or stations, serving as major transit points. These hubs could provide
access to various modes of transportation, including shuttle systems, vehicles for longer
journeys or visits to neighboring colonies, and connections to external docking facilities for
incoming and outgoing spacecraft.

6. Maintenance and Repair Mobility: In a space colony, efficient transportation systems are
necessary for maintenance and repair tasks. Maintenance crews may use specialized vehicles
or robotic systems to inspect, repair, or replace infrastructure components, ensuring the
integrity and functionality of the colony's transportation infrastructure.

7. Transportation Planning and Optimization: Space colonies require careful planning and
optimization of transportation routes and systems to minimize energy consumption, reduce
congestion, and ensure the smooth flow of people and resources within the limited space
available. Advanced algorithms and artificial intelligence can be employed to optimize
transportation logistics and scheduling.

It's important to note that the design and implementation of internal transportation systems
in a space colony will depend on factors such as colony size, layout, available resources, and
the specific needs and goals of the colony's inhabitants. Flexibility, energy efficiency, safety,
and sustainability are key considerations in creating an effective internal transportation
infrastructure within a space colony.

4.3 SECURITY:
Space colony security employs measures like advanced biometric access controls,
surveillance systems, AI-driven threat detection, secure communication protocols, and
contingency plans for emergencies. Additionally, strict screening for personnel and regular
security drills contribute to a robust defense against potential risks.
Advanced biometric access controls in a space colony may include retina scans,
fingerprint recognition, and voice authentication. These highly accurate methods enhance
security by ensuring that only authorized personnel can access critical areas, minimizing the
risk of unauthorized entry.
AI-driven threat detection in a space colony utilizes machine learning algorithms to
analyze vast amounts of data from sensors and surveillance systems. This proactive approach
enables the system to identify unusual patterns or potential security threats, allowing for swift
response and mitigation measures to maintain the safety and integrity of the colony.
 Secure communication protocols in a space colony involve the use of advanced
encryption algorithms to protect data transmitted between devices and systems. This ensures
confidential information, mission-critical data, and communication channels remain resilient
against interception or tampering, upholding the colony's overall security.
Exterior security in a space colony includes automated defense systems, such as laser-
based perimeter monitoring, space-based sensors for early threat detection, and collaboration
with nearby colonies or space agencies to share information about potential external risks.
These measures help safeguard the colony from external threats in the space environment.
Interior security within a space colony involves a combination of surveillance cameras,
access controls, and personnel monitoring. Biometric authentication at entry points, secure
storage for sensitive materials, and regular security audits contribute to maintaining a safe and
controlled environment within the colony.

4.4 COMMUNICATION:
Communication is the process of exchanging information, ideas, thoughts, or feelings between
individuals or groups. It involves the transmission and reception of messages through various
channels such as verbal language, written text, body language, or electronic means. Effective
communication is crucial for understanding, cooperation, and the conveyance of intentions in
both personal and professional interactions.
Communication is vital in a space colony for several reasons:

1. *Coordination:* Effective communication is crucial for coordinating various activities within

the colony, ensuring that everyone is on the same page regarding tasks, schedules, and
objectives.

2. *Emergency Response:* In the event of emergencies or critical situations, clear

communication is essential for swift and coordinated responses to address and mitigate
potential risks.

3. *Collaboration:* Residents and teams in a space colony need to collaborate on tasks and
projects. Good communication fosters teamwork, problem-solving, and innovation.
4. *Mental Well-being:* Isolation and confinement in space can have psychological effects.
Communication helps maintain social connections, reducing feelings of isolation and
supporting mental well-being.

5. *Information Sharing:* Sharing information is fundamental for decision-making, problem-

solving, and adapting to dynamic conditions. Transparent and efficient communication ensures
that relevant information reaches the right individuals.

6. *Safety and Security:* Communicating safety protocols, procedures, and updates is crucial
to maintaining a secure environment, preventing accidents, and responding effectively to
potential threats.

In summary, communication is the lifeblood of a space colony, promoting cohesion, safety,

and the overall well-being of its inhabitants.

There are two types of communication:

1. internal communication
2. external communication

1. internal communication:
Internal communication in a space colony involves various channels and strategies to facilitate
effective information flow among residents and teams. Key aspects include:

1. *Intranet Systems:* Establishing secure and reliable intranet systems for the colony to
enable the exchange of information, updates, and important announcements.
2. *Intercom and Alert Systems:* Implementing intercom systems for real-time
announcements and alert systems to communicate urgent information or emergency
situations promptly.

3. *Messaging Platforms:* Utilizing digital messaging platforms or secure communication apps

for everyday communication, discussions, and coordination among residents and teams.

4. *Regular Briefings:* Conducting regular briefings or meetings to update residents on colony

activities, mission objectives, and any relevant developments.

5. *Centralized Database:* Maintaining a centralized database for important documents,

procedures, and reference materials accessible to all residents for consistent information.

6. *Task Management Tools:* Using collaborative tools and task management platforms to
organize and track ongoing projects, ensuring efficient communication on project progress.

7. *Social Spaces:* Designing communal areas where residents can interact socially, fostering a
sense of community and informal communication.

8. *Training Programs:* Implementing communication training programs to ensure that

residents are proficient in using communication tools and protocols.

Effective internal communication is essential for cohesion, teamwork, and the overall success
of a space colony, particularly given the unique challenges of living in a confined and isolated
environment.

2. External communication:
External communication in a space colony involves interactions with entities outside the
colony, including other space colonies, mission control on Earth, or interstellar
communication. This communication serves various purposes:

1. *Mission Updates:* Regularly conveying the status, progress, and any issues to Earth's
mission control or other relevant authorities.

2. *Resource Exchange:* Communicating with other colonies or space stations for resource
sharing, trade, or collaboration on joint projects.

3. *Emergency Coordination:* Coordinating emergency responses with external entities,

sharing critical information or seeking assistance in case of unforeseen challenges.

4. *Research Collaboration:* Collaborating with researchers and institutions on Earth or in

other colonies to share findings, data, and insights.

5. *Policy and Governance:* Engaging in communication with governing bodies on Earth or

with other space colonies to address policy matters, regulatory compliance, or shared
governance issues.

6. *Interstellar Communication:* In the future, as space exploration expands, communication

with distant space probes, other star systems, or potential extraterrestrial life may become a
part of external communication.

Maintaining reliable and secure communication links with the external world is crucial for the
success, sustainability, and safety of a space colony.

4.5 WASTE MANAGEMENT:

1. *Wastewater Treatment:*
Wastewater treatment is essential for recycling and purifying water in a space colony.
Advanced technologies, such as filtration and purification systems, ensure that water meets
safety standards. Closed-loop water recycling systems minimize dependence on external
sources, promoting sustainable water usage within the colony.

2. *Food and Biological Waste:*

Efficient management of food and biological waste involves composting systems and bio-
digesters. These systems convert organic waste into valuable compost or biogas, contributing
to agricultural sustainability and minimizing the colony's environmental impact.

3. *Organic and Human Waste:*

Specialized systems handle the controlled decomposition of organic and human waste,
ensuring proper sanitation. These systems may potentially generate bioenergy while
maintaining a hygienic living environment for the colony's residents.

4. *Plastic Waste:*
Implementing recycling programs is crucial for managing plastic waste. By promoting the
reuse of materials and reducing environmental impact, the colony addresses the challenges
associated with plastic waste, contributing to a more sustainable and responsible waste
management strategy.

5. *E-Waste:*
Establishing systems for the proper disposal and recycling of electronic waste is essential.
This involves preventing environmental contamination and promoting responsible technology
use, aligning with the colony's commitment to sustainability and minimizing the ecological
footprint associated with electronic waste.
4.6 ROBOTICES:

In a space colony, robotics plays a crucial role in various aspects, contributing to efficiency,
safety, and exploration. Some applications of robotics in a space colony include:

1. **Maintenance and Repairs:** Robots can be designed to perform routine maintenance

tasks, inspect infrastructure, and conduct repairs in areas that may be challenging for humans
to access.

2. **Agriculture:** Autonomous or semi-autonomous robotic systems can assist in agricultural

activities, such as planting, harvesting, and monitoring crops, ensuring a sustainable and
efficient food supply.

3. **Exploration and Research:** Robotic rovers and drones can be deployed for planetary
exploration, collecting data, and conducting scientific experiments, reducing the risks
associated with human exploration.

4. **Security and Surveillance:** Robotic systems equipped with sensors and cameras can
enhance security by patrolling and monitoring the space colony for potential threats, providing
real-time data to security personnel.

5. **Medical Assistance:** Robotic devices can aid in medical tasks, from assisting in surgeries
to providing rehabilitation support for residents, contributing to healthcare in the colony.

6. **Logistics and Transport:** Autonomous robots can handle logistics within the colony,
transporting goods and supplies efficiently, reducing the workload on human residents.

7. **Waste Management:** Robots can assist in waste collection, sorting, and recycling
processes, promoting sustainable practices in managing the colony's resources.
Integrating robotics into a space colony enhances its overall functionality, allowing for the
automation of routine tasks and the execution of complex operations, ultimately supporting
the well-being and productivity of the colony's inhabitants.
 CHAPTER 5: HUMAN LIFE DESIGN

5.1 DEMOGRAPHY:
some considerations and hypothetical scenarios that experts have discussed:
1. **Initial Settlements:**
- The first inhabitants of space are likely to be astronauts, scientists, and engineers living on
space stations or bases. Initially, these populations may come from various countries
collaborating on space missions.

2. **International Collaboration:**
- Space exploration and colonization efforts may involve collaboration among different
nations, leading to a diverse mix of nationalities and cultures in space.

3. **Private Companies:**
- With the increasing involvement of private companies in space exploration, individuals
working for these companies may also become part of space communities.

4. **Space Tourism:**
- As space tourism develops, there could be a more diverse group of individuals, including
civilians from different backgrounds, participating in short-duration spaceflights.

5. **Long-Term Colonization:**
 - If there are efforts to establish long-term colonies on celestial bodies like the Moon or
Mars, there may be considerations for the demographic composition of these colonies. Factors
such as age, skills, and expertise may play a role.

6. **Population Growth:**
- Over time, as space habitats become more sustainable, there may be discussions about
reproduction and raising families in space. The challenges of childbirth and child-rearing in
microgravity would need to be addressed.

7. **Cultural Adaptation:**
- Space communities may develop unique cultures and ways of life influenced by the
challenges and opportunities of living in a space environment.

8. **Legal and Ethical Considerations:**

- Questions about governance, legal systems, and ethical considerations will become
important as space communities grow. Establishing rules and regulations for behavior,
resource allocation, and dispute resolution will be essential.

9. **Resource Management:**
- Sustainable resource management will be critical for the survival of space colonies. This
includes considerations for food production, waste recycling, and energy sources.

5.2 CONSTITUTION:
The Formation and Significance of a Constitution

A constitution embodies a set of core principles or established precedents that dictate the
governance of a state or organization. It codifies the rules that, collectively, define the identity
of a political entity. When articulated in a concise document or a series of legal texts, these
principles constitute a written constitution. If compiled into a single comprehensive document,
it represents a codified constitution.

The Purpose of a Constitution

The primary objective of a constitution is to lay the groundwork for fundamental rights within
society. These essential rights include:

- **Secularism: ** Every citizen is endowed with the right to freely practice any religion of their
choice.
- **Justice: ** All citizens are to be treated equitably, with no discrimination based on caste,
creed, religion, or gender.
- **Equality: ** Every individual is equal in the eyes of the law.
- **Fraternity: ** It is unacceptable for citizens to treat one another as inferiors.
- **Liberty: ** Citizens should face no unreasonable constraints regarding their thoughts,
expression, and actions.

Constitutional Governance and Criminal Acts

There are two primary classifications of criminal acts:

1. **Civil Offenses: ** Generally, these involve disputes between individuals or organizations.

2. **Criminal Offenses: ** These represent actions considered detrimental to society at large.

Punishments Framework:

Civil Offenses such as property disputes:

- Offenders may be incarcerated for up to 3 months and be mandated to pay a fine of 200
SIONS.

Criminal Offenses such as theft, etc.:

- Offenders are subject to 8 days imprisonment with substandard food provisions followed by a
fine of 400 crowns.

Grave Criminal Offenses such as murder:

- Perpetrators may face capital punishment.

IMPORTANCE OF BANKING

Banking plays a crucial role in modern economies and societies, providing a wide range of
services that contribute to financial stability, economic growth, and individual financial well-
being. Here are some key aspects highlighting the importance of banking:

1. Financial Intermediation:

Banks act as intermediaries between savers and borrowers, channeling funds from individuals
and businesses with surplus money (savers) to those in need of capital (borrowers). This
process facilitates investment, economic growth, and the efficient allocation of resources.

2. Deposit and Safekeeping:

Banks offer a safe place for individuals and businesses to deposit their money. The funds are
kept secure, and depositors can access their money when needed. This provides a level of
financial security and helps prevent the risks associated with storing large sums of cash.

3. Payment Services:

Banks provide a range of payment services, including checking accounts, electronic fund
transfers, and credit/debit cards. These services enable individuals and businesses to conduct
transactions, pay bills, and transfer money domestically and internationally.
4. Loans and Credit:

Banks play a pivotal role in providing loans and credit to individuals and businesses. This capital
allows for major purchases, investments, and expansion. The availability of credit is essential
for economic development and entrepreneurship.

5. Interest Rate Management:

Central banks and commercial banks collaborate to manage interest rates. Interest rates
influence borrowing costs, inflation, and economic activity. Through monetary policy tools,
banks can help stabilize the economy and control inflation.

6. Currency Issuance:

Central banks, often associated with the banking system, have the authority to issue and
regulate the country's currency. This ensures the stability and integrity of the monetary system
7. Investment and Financial Planning:

Banks offer various investment products and financial planning services. These include savings
accounts, certificates of deposit, mutual funds, and retirement accounts. These services help
individuals grow their wealth and plan for their financial future.

8. Risk Management:

Banks provide various financial instruments, such as insurance and derivatives, to help
individuals and businesses manage risks. This includes protection against unexpected events,
fluctuations in interest rates, and currency risks.

9. Economic Stability:

A well-functioning banking system contributes to economic stability by providing liquidity,

supporting monetary policy goals, and responding to changing economic conditions. Banks act
as a stabilizing force during financial crises.
10. Facilitating Trade and Commerce:

Banks facilitate domestic and international trade by providing letters of credit, trade finance,
and other services that reduce the risk associated with cross-border transactions. This, in turn,
promotes global economic integration.

11.trades:

Banks help businesses with the trades from other places

For these reasons [name] is going to have two banks for internal and external purposes
namely:

1. Astro valt internal [ AVI]

2. Astro valt external [ AVE]

AVI is used for saving money and for transactions within people and shops etc.
AVE is used for trades like selling items made in space colony etc.

Robots are useful for baking as well

CURRENCY

The currency is divided into two parts. They are digital and physical currency, both named
astro crowns. Crowns for short

Physical currency is also of two types:

TYPE NAME VALUE

Bills Astro crowns 1 crown = 2 dollars/100

cents
 coins cents 100 cents = 1 crowns

5.3 EDUCATION SYSTEM:

The Education System

An imperative aspect of societal development, education facilitates the purposeful cultivation of

knowledge, skills, and character attributes in children, such as understanding, rationality,
kindness, and honesty.

Education and School Structure

The educational journey begins with primary education (ages 3 to 11), proceeding to higher
education (ages 12 to 17), and is primarily conducted at SION Public School. Further studies
including Intermediate first and second years are provided by SION Institutions.

For further studies SION University shall be held.

AGE OF THE CITIZEN

LEVEL OF EDUCATION
DEPARTMENT

3 YEARS
Pre – Kindergarten

4 YEARS
Kindergarten

5 – 12 YEARS
Middle school

13 – 16 YEARS
High school

17 – ABOVE YEARS
Undergraduate school/University/College
Advance classrooms

Advanced classrooms, often called "smart classrooms" or "21st-century classrooms," typically

integrate various forms of technology to enhance the learning experience. Here are some
common elements that you might find in an advanced classroom:

Interactive Whiteboards

- Touch-sensitive displays that can detect user input (e.g., SMART Boards).
- Ability to save and distribute notes from the board.

Student Devices

- Tablets or laptops for each student.

- Use of educational software and applications.

High-Speed Internet

Advanced classrooms aim to foster interactive, collaborative, and personalized learning

experiences that are tailored to the needs of modern students and educators.

5.4 RECREATION AND ENTERTAINMENT:

Recreation & Entertainment: Elevating Life in [NAME]

In the vibrant community of ONISM, we understand that recreational leisure is not just a desire
but a fundamental aspect of enhancing the human experience. Our commitment to providing top-
notch residential amenities goes beyond mere comfort—it's about shaping a personal brain
status that thrives on well-being and fulfillment.

Creating Engaging Spaces:

Entertainment is the heartbeat of our settlement, and we recognize its role in transforming lives
from mundane to extraordinary. With the hustle and bustle of work life, we've identified the need
for relaxation and enjoyment, prompting us to introduce two state-of-the-art recreation centers
within the community.

Innovative Sports and De-Stressing Methods:

Our dedication to making residents' lives more interesting goes beyond the conventional. We've
envisioned and designed unique sports and de-stressing methods that defy the ordinary, turning
what was once deemed impossible into an exciting reality.

Highlighted Entertainment Facilities:

1. Wi-Fi Connectivity:
Always Connected, Always Informed

Experience seamless connectivity with 24x7 Wi-Fi facilities. Stay in touch, work remotely, and
explore the boundless resources of the internet at your convenience.
2. Zero Gravity Experience:
Beyond Earthly Boundaries

Immerse yourself in a one-of-a-kind zero gravity experience at our recreation center. Step into a
space-like environment that transcends the ordinary, offering a glimpse into the extraordinary.
Enriching Lives, Fostering Community:
Our commitment to recreation and entertainment extends beyond physical spaces. We aim to
foster a sense of community through:

Diverse Sports Programs: From traditional favorites to out-of-this-world sports, our lineup caters
to all interests.

Wellness Initiatives: Yoga, meditation, and fitness classes to rejuvenate both body and mind.

Interactive Community Events: Engage in regular events that bring the community together,
creating memories and forging connections.

5.5 HEALTH CARE:

Healthcare in a space colony involves comprehensive strategies to address medical needs,
ensure well-being, and handle potential health challenges in the unique environment of space.
Key elements include:
1. *Telemedicine Services:
Utilizing advanced communication technologies for remote consultations, diagnosis, and
treatment, allowing residents to access medical expertise without leaving the colony.

2. *Biomedical Monitoring:
Implementing continuous monitoring of residents' health through wearable devices and
sensors, providing real-time data for early detection of health issues.

3. *Medical Facilities: *
Equipping the colony with medical facilities for routine check-ups, emergencies, and minor
procedures to ensure immediate care when needed.

4. *Health Maintenance Programs: *

Developing programs to promote physical and mental well-being, including exercise regimes,
psychological support, and nutritional counseling to prevent health issues.

5. *Research for Space-Specific Health Challenges: *

Conducting research to understand and address health challenges unique to the space
environment, such as microgravity effects on bones and muscles.

6. *Emergency Response Protocols: *

Establishing clear protocols for responding to medical emergencies, including evacuation
plans and procedures for handling critical health situations.

7. *Pharmaceutical Supply and Production: *

Ensuring an adequate supply of pharmaceuticals and developing in-house production
capabilities to address medical needs independently.
8. *Biotechnology and Regenerative Medicine: *
Exploring biotechnological solutions and regenerative medicine to enhance healthcare
capabilities, including the potential for tissue regeneration in space.

9. *Training for Medical Personnel: *

Providing specialized training for medical personnel to address the challenges of healthcare
delivery in a confined and unique space environment.

By integrating these components, a space colony can establish a robust healthcare system that
addresses the specific needs and challenges of living and working in space, promoting the well-
being of its resident
 CHAPTER 6: REVENUE MAKING
6.1 INDUSTRIES:
Our settlement will be the first of its kind and as such it won’t have many trade possibilities in
its
first few decades, until other settlements are constructed. That’s why the settlement’s
economy
is going to be closed (inner) except in the rare occasions when we’ll trade with the Earth.
Later,
when more attractive, beneficial and not so hard to reach trade destinations are created,
we’re
going to turn to market economy. Our settlement WILL have a specific currency, the same
currency,
which is going to be used on all other potential space settlements, planets and as a whole,
places
populated by civilized human beings.
1. **Mining Industry: **
The mining industry involves extracting valuable minerals or other geological materials from
the Earth. It encompasses processes such as exploration, extraction, refining, and
transportation of minerals. This industry plays a crucial role in supplying raw materials for
various sectors, including construction, manufacturing, and energy production.

2. **Electricity Industry: **
The electricity industry is responsible for generating, transmitting, and distributing electrical
power. It includes power plants, grid infrastructure, and utilities. Industry has seen
advancements in renewable energy sources, such as solar and wind, contributing to efforts for
sustainable and clean energy production.

3. **Pharmaceutical Industry: **
The pharmaceutical industry focuses on the research, development, manufacturing, and
marketing of drugs and medications. It plays a pivotal role in healthcare by producing
medications to prevent, treat, or manage various medical conditions. This industry involves
rigorous testing, regulatory compliance, and innovation to bring new drugs to market.

4. **Chemical Industry: **
The chemical industry encompasses the production of a wide range of chemicals, including
petrochemicals, specialty chemicals, and industrial chemicals. It involves complex processes
such as chemical synthesis, refining, and manufacturing of products used in various sectors,
including agriculture, healthcare, and manufacturing.

Each of these industries contributes significantly to the global economy and plays a vital role in
meeting the needs of various sectors, from providing essential raw materials to advancing
technology and healthcare.
6.2 BUSINESS:
Business in a space colony would involve a diverse range of activities aimed at sustaining the
colony's economy and meeting the needs of its residents. Key aspects of business in a space
colony include:

1. **Resource Extraction and Processing: **

Extracting and processing resources from celestial bodies or asteroids for use within the
colony or for trade with other colonies.

2. **Agriculture and Food Production: **

Establishing agricultural ventures to produce food for the colony's residents, potentially
utilizing advanced techniques such as hydroponics or vertical farming.

3. **Manufacturing and 3D Printing: **

Setting up manufacturing facilities to produce goods and equipment using 3D printing
technology and other advanced manufacturing methods.

4. **Energy Production and Distribution: **

Developing energy production systems, potentially harnessing solar or other renewable
sources, and establishing distribution networks to meet the colony's power needs.

5. **Tourism and Entertainment: **

Creating recreational spaces, tourism activities, and entertainment venues to enhance the
quality of life for residents and attract visitors.

6. **Research and Development: **

Fostering a culture of innovation and investing in research and development to address
unique challenges of space living and contribute to advancements in science and technology.
7. **Healthcare Services: **
Providing healthcare services, including medical facilities, telemedicine, and pharmaceutical
production, to ensure the well-being of residents.

8. **Education and Training: **

Offering educational services and training programs to develop the skills and knowledge
needed for various roles within the space colony, fostering a skilled workforce.

9. **Waste Management and Recycling: **

Establishing businesses focused on waste management, recycling, and sustainable practices
to minimize environmental impact within the colony.

10. **Trade with Other Colonies: **

Engaging in trade activities with other space colonies, exchanging resources, goods, and
services to promote economic growth and collaboration.

Business in a space colony would need to be adaptive, innovative, and sustainable to address
the unique challenges and opportunities presented by living in a space environment.
 CHAPTER 7: COST & SCHEDULE
7.1 COST & SCHEDULE
Expenditure planning will help us to calculate the total cost of our settlement. It
helps the investors to estimate the money that would be required for the
construction of ONISM.

The following table depicts the estimated cost:

CONSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS:
Materials Required Quantity Cost of the required
materials
M5 FIBER 2500 kg $50950
Ti-Al Alloy 30000000 kg $685714500
CARBON NANO 6754 kg $675400000
TUBE
GRAPHENE 54738 kg $5473800
LEAD GLASS 1275625 kg $127562500
TUNGSTEN 41753 kg $5219125
R.T.V ADHESIVE 13436295 kg $278803121
KEVLAR 5543 kg $166290
AEROGEL 654 kg $654000
CARBON FIBER 5276 kg $511983
Total $1779556224
THE COST OF INTERNAL INFRASTRUCTURE:
Field or area Unit Cost
Hydroponics 5 $ 266,665
Aeroponics 5 $ 232,515
Animal Husbandry 10 $ 501,380
Life supporting 30 $ 317,337
chambers
Bungalows 25 $ 6,300,000
Villas 35 $ 3,372,108.6
First class 23 $ 2,754,588.1
apartments/
Mansions
Holy places 35 $ 17,664.5
Educational 18 $ 2,808,957.6
Institutions
Graveyards 6 $ 33,562.5
Water storage 12 $ 1,857,768
reservoirs
Storage rooms 15 $ 475,615.5
Banks 18 $ 504,540
Markets 70 $ 199,194.8
Hotels/ Restaurants 40 $ 1,000,000
Residential flooring 2 $ 5,501,782,345
Docking sections 2 $ 2,700,455,000
flooring
Agricultural flooring 1 $ 6,112,650,227.5
Industrial flooring 1 $ 6,002,389,400
Entertainment zone 2 $ 10,124,556,789
flooring
Offices 10 $ 117,443.75
Malls 90 $ 90,000,000
Moderate/ Low- 60 $ 2,102,746
income groups
apartments
Clinics and other 30 $ 24240
diagnostic centers
Others ---- $ 50,000,000
Total $ 30,604,720,087.85

OPERATIONS, AUTOMATIONS, AND ITS INFRASTRUCTURE

NAME UNITS/ QUANTITY COST

Solar cars 100 $ 4,915,350

Battery motorcycles 100 $ 74,000
Dynamic bicycle 120 $ 96,000
Industries 30 $ 1,254,681,834.54
TOLED lights 70 $ 12,600
Transport Elevators 1 $ 74,693
Research labs 5 $ 1,531,532
High speed uno rails 4 $ 9,734,667
for inter spoke
transport
Da Vinci robot 2 $ 4,000,000
Knightscope K5 3 $ 108,000
Photovoltaic cells 150 $ 172,650
HV-100 4 $ 130,000
NAO 10 $ 80,000
TOTAL $ 1,275,611,326.54

RECREATION FACILITIES:
NAME UNITS COST
GALACTIC FOOTBALL 2 $ 900,000,000
Quidditch 2 $ 850,000,000
Zero g F1 Races 2 $ 60,000,000
Gymnasiums 2 $ 207,733
Amusement parks 2 $ 7,142,500
Gardens 2 $ 7,211,600
Gaming showrooms 2 $ 1,322,000
Zero g experience 2 $ 13,356
TOTAL $ 1,825,897,189

LIFE SUPPORT FACILITIES:

NAME UNITS COST
Residential torus 2 $ 25,607,094,718
Agricultural torus 1 $ 1,054,078,966
Industrial torus 1 $ 30,542,178,016
Central sphere 1 $ 154,872,310
Recreational sphere 2 $225,246,555
Central cylinder 1 $ 103,568,479
Spokes 16 $1,600,000,000
Docking Sections 2 $ 10,1568
Spacecraft 20 $ 14,000,000,000
Neutrino 2 $ 63,000,299
communicator
TOTAL $ 90,250,140,911

TOTAL FACILITIES COST:

TOTAL FACILITIES Cost
Construction materials $1,779,556,224
Internal Infrastructure $ 30,604,720,087.85
Operations, Automations, and its $ 1,275,611,326.54
infrastructure
Recreational facilities $ 1,825,897,189
Life support facilities $ 90,250,140,911
Salaries $ 3,474,995,000
TOTAL $ 124,861,513,343.59

7.2 SCHEDULE
Determining the schedule or the timetable is a very important task to pre-plan our
construction. The following is an approximate illustration for the timetable of the
construction process of the settlement.

After completing all the primary works like finalizing the project, getting the
approval, appointing the construction team, collecting the funds (capital) and raw
materials etc., the construction shall be started by 2026.
2026-2027: - the construction will be initialized by setting up base camps on the
Moon and Mars. The labs and research centers in these bases will start working
and extracting minerals from the surrounding.
2028-2050: - Using the already available raw materials as well as the resources
extracted from Moon and Mars, the construction of the main settlement will be
taken out in the order mentioned in the construction sequence.
2051-2056: - The final change to the settlement will be given by building the
complete interior, setting up all industries and other buildings, deploying drones
and robots, initializing the growth of plants in the agricultural tori.
People and animals will then be brought into ONISM, and life will take its place.
Finally the construction of the Onism will be done within 30 years of the
span.
 BIBLIOGRAPGH
www.nasa.com
www.wikipiedia.com
www.NSS.arc
www.nasa.gov
www.settlement.arc.nasa.gov
www.space.com
www.quora.com
www.planetaryresources.com
www.ask.com
www.asterank.com
www.popularmechanics.com
www.science.nationalgeographic.com
www.aerospace.arc
www.spacex.com
www.science.howstuffworks.com
www.space.alglobus.net
www.phys.org
www.wikianswers.com
www.asteroidmission.org
www.spaceset.org
www.hobbyspace.com
www.bbc.com
www.marshall.org
www.livescience.com

BOOK REFERENCES:

Mining the Sky by John S. Lewis.

Asteroid Mining 101 by John S. Lewis.

Colonies in Space by T. A. Heppenheim.

Space Settlements: A Design Study by Gerard K. O’Neill.

Space Resources and Space Settlements by NASA.

Humans in Space: 21st Century Frontiers by Harry L. Shipman.