लालये प चवषािण दशवषािण ताडयेत् ।
ा े तु षोडशे वष पु े िम वदाचरेत् ॥ ०३-१८
lālayetpañcavarṣāṇi daśavarṣāṇi tāḍayet ।
prāpte tu ṣoḍaśe varṣe putre mitravadācaret ॥ 03-18
Take care of a son until he is five years of age, and use the stick for another ten
years, but when he has attained his sixteenth year treat him as a friend.
आयुः कम च िव ं च िव ा िनधनमेव च ।
प चैतािन िह सृ य ते गभ थ यैव देिहनः ॥ ०४-०१
āyuḥ karma ca vittaṃ ca vidyā nidhanameva ca ।
pañcaitāni hi sṛjyante garbhasthasyaiva dehinaḥ ॥ 04-01
Meaning:- These five: the life-span, the type of work, wealth, learning and the
time of one’s death are determined while one is in the womb.
कामधेनगु ुणा िव ा काले फलदाियनी ।
वासे मातृस शी िव ा गु ं धनं मृतम् ॥ ०४-०५
kāmadhenuguṇā vidyā hyakāle phaladāyinī ।
pravāse mātṛsadṛśī vidyā guptaṃ dhanaṃ smṛtam ॥ 04-05
Meaning:- Learning is like a cow of desire. It, like her, yields in all seasons.
Like a mother, it feeds you on your journey. Therefore learning is a hidden
treasure.
1
एकािकना तपो ा यां पठनं गायनं ि िभः ।
चतुिभगमनं े ं प चिभबहभी रणः ॥ ०४-१२
ekākinā tapo dvābhyāṃ paṭhanaṃ gāyanaṃ tribhiḥ ।
caturbhirgamanaṃ kṣetraṃ pañcabhirbahubhī raṇaḥ॥04-12
Meaning:- Religious austerities should be practiced alone, study by two, and
singing by three. A journey should be undertaken by four, agriculture by five,
and war by many together.
अन यासे िवषं शा मजीण भोजनं िवषम् ।
द र य िवषं गो ी वृ य त णी िवषम् ॥ ०४-१५
anabhyāse viṣaṃ śāstramajīrṇe bhojanaṃ viṣam ।
daridrasya viṣaṃ goṣṭhī vṛddhasya taruṇī viṣam ॥ 04-15
Meaning:- Scriptural lessons not put into practice are poison; a meal is poison to
him who suffers from indigestion; a social gathering is poison to a poverty
stricken person; and a young wife is poison to an aged man.
कः कालः कािन िम ािण को देशः कौ ययागमौ ।
क ाहं का च मे शि रित िच यं मुहमहु ः ॥ ०४-१८
kaḥ kālaḥ kāni mitrāṇi ko deśaḥ kau vyayāgamau ।
kaścāhaṃ kā ca me śaktiriti cintyaṃ muhurmuhuḥ ॥ 04-18
Meaning:- Consider again and again the following: the right time, the right
friends, the right place, the right means of income, the right ways of spending,
and from whom you derive your power.
2
यथा चतुिभः कनकं परी यते िनघषण छे दनतापताडनैः ।
तथा चतुिभः पु षः परी यते यागेन शीलेन गुणेन कमणा ॥ ०५-०२
yathā caturbhiḥ kanakaṃ parīkṣyate nigharṣaṇacchedanatāpatāḍanaiḥ ।
tathā caturbhiḥ puruṣaḥ parīkṣyate tyāgena śīlena guṇena karmaṇā ॥ 05-
02
As gold is tested in four ways by rubbing, cutting, heating, and beating the same
as a man should be tested by these four things: his renunciation, his conduct, his
qualities, and his actions.
ताव येषु भेत यं याव यमनागतम् ।
आगतं तु भयं वी य हत यमशङ्कया ॥ ०५-०३
tāvadbhayeṣu bhetavyaṃ yāvadbhayamanāgatam ।
āgataṃ tu bhayaṃ vīkṣya prahartavyamaśaṅkayā ॥ 05-03
A thing may be dreaded as long as it has not overtaken you, but once it has come
upon you, try to get rid of it without hesitation.
एकोदरसमु ू ता एकन जातकाः ।
न भवि त समाः शीले यथा बदरक टकाः ॥ ०५-०४
ekodarasamudbhūtā ekanakṣatrajātakāḥ ।
na bhavanti samāḥ śīle yathā badarakaṇṭakāḥ ॥ 05-04
Though persons are born from the same womb and under the same stars, they do
not become alike in disposition as the thousand fruits of the badarī (berry) tree.
3
नाि त मेघसमं तोयं नाि त चा मसमं बलम् ।
नाि त च ःु समं तेजो नाि त धा यसमं ि यम् ॥ ०५-१७
nāsti meghasamaṃ toyaṃ nāsti cātmasamaṃ balam ।
nāsti cakṣuḥsamaṃ tejo nāsti dhānyasamaṃ priyam॥05-17
There is no water like rainwater, no strength like one’s own, no light like that of
the eyes, and no wealth dearer than food grain.
चला ल मी लाः ाणा ले जीिवतमि दरे ।
चलाचले च संसारे धम एको िह िन लः ॥ ०५-२०
calā lakṣmīścalāḥ prāṇāścale jīvitamandire ।
calācale ca saṃsāre dharma eko hi niścalaḥ ॥ 05-20
The Goddess of wealth is unsteady (Cancalā), and so is the life-breath. The
duration of life is uncertain, and the place of habitation is uncertain, but in all this
inconsistent world religious merit alone is immovable.
जिनता चोपनेता च य तु िव ां य छित ।
अ नदाता भय ाता प चैते िपतरः मृताः ॥ ०५-२२
janitā copanetā ca yastu vidyāṃ prayacchati ।
annadātā bhayatrātā pañcaite pitaraḥ smṛtāḥ ॥ 05-22
These five are your fathers, he who gave you birth, girdled you with sacred thread,
teaches you, provides you with food, and protects you from fearful situations.
4
राजप नी गुरोः प नी िम प नी तथैव च ।
प नीमाता वमाता च प चैता मातरः मतृ ाः ॥ ०५-२३
rājapatnī guroḥ patnī mitrapatnī tathaiva ca ।
patnīmātā svamātā ca pañcaitā mātaraḥ smṛtāḥ ॥ 05-23
These five should be considered as mothers, the king’s wife, the preceptor’s wife,
the friend’s wife, your wife’s mother, and your own mother.
न दुजनः साधुदशामुपैित
बह कारैरिप िश यमाणः ।
आमूलिस ः पयसा घृतेन
न िन बवृ ो मधरु वमेित ॥ ११-०६
na durjanaḥ sādhudaśāmupaiti
bahuprakārairapi śikṣyamāṇaḥ ।
āmūlasiktaḥ payasā ghṛtena
na nimbavṛkṣo madhuratvameti ॥ 11-06
Feeding milk and ghee to the roots of a Neem tree does not make it shed
bitterness. The wicked man will not attain sanctity even if he is instructed in
different ways.
5
येषां न िव ा न तपो न दानं
ानं न शीलां न गुणो न धमः ।
ते म यलोके भुिव भारभूता
मनु य पेण मृगा रि त ॥ १०-०७
yeṣāṃ na vidyā na tapo na dānaṃ
jñānaṃ na śīlāṃ na guṇo na dharmaḥ ।
te martyaloke bhuvi bhārabhūtā
manuṣyarūpeṇa mṛgāścaranti ॥ 10-07
Those who are destitute of learning, penance, knowledge, good disposition, virtue
and benevolence are brutes wandering the earth in the form of men. They are
burdensome to the earth.
काम ोधौ तथा लोभं वादुशङ
ृ ् गारकौतुके ।
अितिन ाितसेवे च िव ाथ वजयेत् ॥ ११-१०
kāmakrodhau tathā lobhaṃ svāduśaṛṅgārakautuke ।
atinidrātiseve ca vidyārthī hyaṣṭa varjayet ॥ 11-10
The student (brahmacārin) should completely renounce the following eight things
-his lust, anger, greed, desire for sweets, sense of decorating the body, excessive
curiosity, excessive sleep, and excessive endeavour for bodily maintenance.
6
Vipralakṣaṇam
अकृ फलमल
ू ािन वनवासरितः सदा ।
कु तेऽहरहः ा मिृ षिव ः स उ यते ॥ ११-११
akṛṣṭaphalamūlāni vanavāsaratiḥ sadā ।
kurute'harahaḥ śrāddhamṛṣirvipraḥ sa ucyate ॥ 11-11
One who eats fruits and edible roots from uncultivated land, one who is content
with whatever, food nature provide, one who loves the wild and one who pays
daily homage to departed ones, is the real saint.
लौिकके कमिण रतः पशनू ां प रपालकः ।
वािण यकृिषकमा यः स िव ो वै य उ यते ॥ ११-१३
laukike karmaṇi rataḥ paśūnāṃ paripālakaḥ ।
vāṇijyakṛṣikarmā yaḥ sa vipro vaiśya ucyate ॥ 11-13
A Brahmin engaged in the worldly pursuit, animal farming, business, and
cultivation is merely a trader. Not a Brahmin.
ला ािदतैलनीलीनां कौसु भमधुसिपषाम् ।
िव े ता म मांसानां स िव ः शू उ यते ॥ ११-१४
lākṣādi-taila-nīlīnāṃ kausumbha-madhu-sarpiṣām ।
vikretā madya-māṃsānāṃ sa vipraḥ śūdra ucyate ॥ 11-14
The Brahmin who deals in lac-die, oil, indigo, silken cloth, honey, clarified butter,
liquor, and flesh is called a Śūdra.
7
परकायिवह ता च दाि भकः वाथसाधकः ।
छली ेषी मदृ ु ः ू रो िव ो माजार उ यते ॥ ११-१५
parakāryavihantā ca dāmbhikaḥ svārthasādhakaḥ ।
chalī dveṣī mṛduḥ krūro vipro mārjāra ucyate ॥ 11-15
One who put hurdles in the way of others, one who is ruthless, selfish, deceitful,
and quarrelsome and sweet-tongued but wicked at heart, such Brahmin is a called
as a cat.
वापीकूपतडागानामारामसुरवे मनाम् ।
उ छे दने िनराशङ्कः स िव ो ले छ उ यते ॥ ११-१६
Vāpī-kūpa-taḍāgānām-ārāma-suraveśmanām ।
ucchedane nirāśaṅkaḥ sa vipro mleccha ucyate ॥ 11-16
Brahmin who destroys water spring, well, pond, garden, and temples is called as
a mlecha.
देव यं गु यं परदारािभमशनम् ।
िनवाहः सवभतू ेषु िव ा डाल उ यते ॥ ११-१७
devadravyaṃ gurudravyaṃ paradārābhimarśanam ।
nirvāhaḥ sarvabhūteṣu vipraścāṇḍāla ucyate ॥ 11-17
The Brāhmaṇa who steals the property of the Deities and the spiritual preceptor,
who cohabits with another's wife, and who maintains himself by eating anything
and everything is called a Cāṇḍāla.
----
8
साधूनां दशनं पु यं तीथभूता िह साधवः ।
कालेन फलते तीथ स ः साधस
ु मागमः ॥ १२-०८
sādhūnāṃ darśanaṃ puṇyaṃ tīrthabhūtā hi sādhavaḥ ।
kālena phalate tīrthaṃ sadyaḥ sādhusamāgamaḥ ॥ 12-08
One indeed becomes blessed by having darśana of a devotee (sādhu); for the
devotee has the ability to purify immediately, whereas the sacred tīrtha gives
purity only after prolonged contact.
अिन यािन शरीरािण िवभवो नैव शा तः ।
िन यं सिं निहतो मृ यःु कत यो धमसङ् हः ॥ १२-१२
anityāni śarīrāṇi vibhavo naiva śāśvataḥ ।
nityaṃ saṃnihito mṛtyuḥ kartavyo dharmasaṅgrahaḥ ॥ 12-12
Our bodies are perishable, wealth is not at all permanent and death is always
nearby. Therefore we must immediately engage in acts of merit.
नाहारं िच तये ा ो धममेकं िह िच तयेत् ।
आहारो िह मनु याणां ज मना सह जायते ॥ १२-२०
nāhāraṃ cintayet-prājño dharmam-ekaṃ hi cintayet ।
āhāro hi manuṣyāṇāṃ janmanā saha jāyate ॥ 12-20
The wise man should not be anxious about his food; he should be anxious to be
engaged only in dharma, the food of each man is created for him at his birth.
9
धनधा य योगेषु िव ासङ् हणे तथा ।
आहारे यवहारे च य ल जः सख
ु ी भवेत् ॥ १२-२१
dhana-dhānya-prayogeṣu vidyā-saṅgrahaṇe tathā ।
āhāre vyavahāre ca tyaktalajjaḥ sukhī bhavet ॥ 12-21
He who is not shy in the acquisition of wealth, grain and knowledge, and in taking
his meals, will be happy.
जलिब दुिनपातेन मशः पूयते घटः ।
स हेतुः सविव ानां धम य च धन य च ॥ १२-२२
jalabindunipātena kramaśaḥ pūryate ghaṭaḥ ।
sa hetuḥ sarvavidyānāṃ dharmasya ca dhanasya ca ॥ 12-22
As continuous droppings will fill a pot so also are knowledge, virtue and wealth
gradually obtained.
10
वयसः प रणामेऽिप यः खलः खल एव सः ।
स प वमिप माधुय नोपयाती वा णम् ॥ १२-२३
vayasaḥ pariṇāme'pi yaḥ khalaḥ khala eva saḥ ।
sampakvamapi mādhuryaṃ nopayātīndravāruṇam ॥ 12-23
The man who remains a fool even in advanced age is really a fool, just as the
Indra-Varuṇa fruit does not become sweet no matter how ripe it might become.
11
