LITERATURE REVIEW

1.
Sejal

Mahajan and Dr. Nandu Kayande., The current study aimed to develop and test herbal scrub.
The results indicate that the new herbal scrub formulation is safe to use, with pulse as a
scrubbing/cleansing ingredient. It is suitable for all skin types, including normal, oily, and dry. It
provides the best results and leaves the skin radiant and healthy.
2. Shraddha V. Khabale et al., The main objective of present study was to Prepare a polyherbal
facial scrub by using natural Ingredients to protect and fight against various skin Problem i.e.,
acne, pimple, wrinkle, dark spot, black head, Dark circles and also to control oil secretion on the
Surface of skin. To cure this all problems the solution is use of scrub Which consist all natural
ingredients which increases Cleansing, softening, moisturizing, fairness of skin. The study was
done to prepare and evaluate a polyherbal face scrub. The prepared scrub was Evaluated by
using various parameters and was found to be satisfactory and good for the Application on the
skin to make healthy and glowing without any side effect. The prepared Scrub is planned to
carry out with in vivo studies for its irritancy and adverse effects.
3. Snehal L. Mane and Dr. Nandu Kayande., Herbal scrub was formulated using simple gel
Preparation method. From results it was showed that scrub was Soft, easy to spread and applies
comfortly to the skin based on Spreadability test. Spreadability, viscosity and pH of formulation
Was found to be good. Stability studies of gives good results During 3 months. The formulation
shows no redness, edema, inflammation and irritation during irritancy studies. These
formulations are safe to use for Skin and found to be satisfied with all required characterizations.
4. J. Prathyusha et al., All the ingredients used in this poly herbal facial scrub Are our food
ingredients. So, the chances for its side Effects are less. F2 is more effective than F1 and F3. We
Can use this herbal facial scrub for getting best results For oily skin. The efforts are on to
reformulate the scrub In a gel form in order to achieve better spreadibility Along imparting
emollient and smoothing action.
5. Rutuja Prashant Nangare, Trupti Ashok Thange., The main objective of present study was to
prepare a polyherbal scrub incorporated into gel. The use of natural ingredients to fight against
acne, wrinkle and also to control secretion of oil. However, usage of traditional remedies
increases when conventional products is ineffective or may causes harmful effects. The use of
Polyherbal face scrub gives effectiveness and healthier skin type . The antioxidant, antiseptic,
anti aging effect of fenugreek, turmeric and amla enhance The importance of use of polyherbal
face scrub. The prepared formulation was suitable to skin and was evaluated using various
parameters. The Formulation have passed all the tests included in evaluation.
6. Mounika et al., This study, we aimed to create a natural face scrub that is effective and stable,
using herbal medicinal Compounds for active ingredients. We found that the herbal face scrub
contains exfoliants that exfoliate The skin, remove dirt, and give the skin an immediate glow.
The active ingredients of the herbal face scrub Include poppy seeds, neem powder, turmeric and
sandalwood powder which act as anti-bacterial and anti-Microbial agents. We did not
recommend the use of a scrub containing sulphates or parabens for all types Of skin but found
that when compared to synthetic scrubs, the use of herbal scrubs is more beneficial. We Also
found that the herbal scrubs have the fewest side effects when made with natural ingredients It is
 Accessible to all ages, are less irritating on the skin, and provide the skin with an immediate
glow. Based On the results of this research work, we believe that it is a promising formulation of
herbal face scrub that Exfoliates the skin effectively.
7. Prothibha Das et al., The present study was undertaken to Develop and characterize facial
scrub using natural exfoliants. Facial Scrub contains natural exfoliants such as grape seed, guava
seed, Pomegranate seed which is used as an active ingredient having Antioxidant properties. All
the Studies showed that the prepared scrub is having all the properties to Apply on face and
make our skin more glowing and smoother. Optimization by design expert Software is done to
get the desired formulation quantities which is required to formulate a Scrub. After developing
the optimized batch, it is again subjected to various evaluation Parameters. The result showed
the same as before. After application of scrub, skin becomes Softer, cleaner and refreshed.
8. Siddhi Pise et al., in this research, We successfully carried out the formulation, Characterization
and optimization of an Anti-Acne Herbal face scrub The following conclusions can be Drawn
from the study – 1. The extract-loaded Formulation F2 Shows good appearance, spreadability,
Consistency and extrudability. 2. Formulation containing Ethanolic extract has shown significant
anti-bacterial Activity.
9. Farheen Begum and Mohammad Idris., The Unani Exfoliation Facial Scrub (UEFS) was
design and developed in the light of modern Cosmeceutical formulations. The scrub exfoliates
the dead cells from the upper most layer of Skin, i.e., stratum corneum, unclogs the pores,
removes black and white heads and cleans the Dirt and dust from the skin and improves the
complexion and texture of skin. The physico-chemical parameters for standardization of UEFS
were done .It had all Characteristics of a standard gel form for facial scrub for local application,
such as Appearance, smoothness, homogeneity, stickiness, elegancy, pH, adhesiveness,
Spreadability And viscosity. Further, a clinical study is warranted to evaluate therapeutic
efficacy and safety of the newly Designed and developed formulation. This would fill the gap of
evidence-based Unani Therapeutics as well as pharmaceutics.
10. Roshni Uikey et al., The prepared scrub was evaluated for various parameters such as
appearance, pH, viscosity, Spreadability, washability, irritability and found to be satisfied with
all required characterization thus the developed formulation can be used as an effective scrub for
using it to a healthy and glowing skin. From the present research, it can be concluded that A
successful formulation of Polyherbal scrub of Aloe Vera can be formulated using Turmeric,
Sandalwood, Amla, rosewater, Multani Mitti, Neem, Liquorice etc.
11. Ghadage P. K. et al., The prepared scrub was evaluated using varies parameters and was found
to be Satisfactory to improve the appearance of skin without any side effects. The application of
the Scrub gel which helps to improve blood circulation and increases oxygen supply to all
surface Of the skin. After application of scrub, skin becomes softer, cleaner and refreshed. After
using the scrub, skin was sure to feel softer, cleaner and refreshed. It made skin Beautiful,
youthful and soft and glowing. Herbal cosmetics showed lesser or no side effects, Hence use of
herbal cosmetics get increased.
12. Pooja Dave et al., The above results suggest that the new scrub formulation is Safe to use, and
the coffee powder used to get good effects as A scrubbing agent. The majority of the substances
are natural, And there are low chances of adverse effects. It is suitable for All skin types,
including dry, oily, and normal. It produces Better results and leaves the skin looking radiant and
bright.
13. Dr. Shweta P. Ghode et al., the present work, we found good properties for the Face Scrub on
human Skin as cosmetic Products. Vitamin E is an essential nutrient that is receiving growing
attention in the skin care industry because of its antioxidant properties. By performing and
studying various formulations we came to know that rose water and butter milk gives the best
result but we have chosen rose water. Because rose water have its fragrance as compare to butter
milk. The face pack is beneficial, economical & passed all evaluation Parameter.
14. Kiran Kekane et al., Herbal face scrubs are used to remove dead skin Cells, acne scars,
prevents in grown hairs, removes Dirt from skin pores, protects the skin against Premature aging
and promote blood circulation. All natural ingredients were used, so that they had no side
effects. After testing, we discovered that the face scrub had good characteristics, was free of skin
irritation, and kept their consistency even after being stored in stable settings. Also, it has the
 ability to provide effective bright, healthy, and crystal-clear skin. The face scrub is beneficial,
economical & passed all evaluation parameter.
15. Sneha.M.Nalavade et al., Based on the results presented, it seems that the new scrub
formulation is a safe and effective option for Exfoliating the skin .the use of coffee powder as a
scrubbing agent is promising. And the fact that the Majority of the ingredient is natural makes it
a preferable choice for individuals with different skin Types. The study suggests that the scrub is
suitable for dry, oily, and normal skin and it is likely to produce Better results than other
conventional scrubs. Additionally, the mixture was tested on the dorsal area of The hand, and it
was found to be nonirritating and without any adverse effects, indicating that it is safe For use.
16. Akula Nikhil Prashant et al., The present study was attempted to make an herbal scrub
using suitable base to form a gel. The developed formulation F4 is considered as
optimized formulation and can be used as an effective scrub for a healthy and glowing
skin. Herbal face scrub responded effectively and helped in exfoliation of skin, softened
the face as well. The application of the scrub helps to improve blood circulation and
increases oxygen supply all over the skin surface. After application of the scrub,
skin becomes softer, cleaner and refreshed.
17. Mrinal Pramod Bhise et al., Major objective of present study to be prepared a
herbomineral facial scrub. Majorly facial skin comes in contact with dirt,pollution,dust
particles having large number of dead cells. In order to remove dead cells and make skin
healthy,clean,nourished some facial preparation are required. This exfoliating facial scrub is
prepared by using simple mixing method. Prepared formulation can be used effectively as it
shows good exfoliating property, good scrubbing property. It can be used to make
exfoliate,healthy,glowing skin.
18. Mahajan Shraddha et al., The main objective of present study was to prepare a
herbomineral facial scrub. Majorly facial skin comes in direct contact of dirt, pollution,
dust particles and having large number of dead cell. In order to remove the dead cells and make
the skin healthy, cleaned and nourished, some facial preparations required. The prepared scrub
contains various natural ingredients which are safer for use and having fewer side effects and
also they possess antiseptic, anti-infective, antioxidant, anti-aging and humectant
properties. The prepared formulation can be used effectively as it shows good scrubbing
properties and it can be used to make a healthy, clean and glowing skin.
19. Sachin Bhagwat Aglawe et al., The present study was attempted to prepare a
polyherbalscrub. The prepared scrub gel was evaluated using various parameters and was found
to be satisfied for the application on the skin to make it healthy and glowing without any
side effects. The prepared scrub is planned to carry out with in vivo studies for its irritancy.
20. Gira Patel et al., The above results suggest that the new scrub formulation is Safe to use, and
the coffee powder used to get good effects as A scrubbing agent. The majority of the substances
are natural, And there are low chances of adverse effects. It is suitable for All skin types,
including dry, oily, and normal. It produces Better results and leaves the skin looking radiant and
bright. A Less amount of the mixture was applied to the dorsal area of the Hand for some times
and found to be edoema, non-irritating, With no redness or other adverse effects.
21. M.R. Raut et al., The above study it can be concluded that The facial scrub formulation Trial 4
with natural Exfoliants (salt 2% and sugar 4%) is good Formulation in terms of appearance, ease
of Spreadability, odour, and exfoliation property. It Cleanses skin in gentle way and gives a good
Exfoliation with deep cleansing and moisturizing Effects on skin.
22. Khush Jain et al., Natural sources and its remedial products with many medicinal plants as their
major Formulation ingredient have become much more acceptable in the belief that they are
Believed to have a lot healthier effects compared other synthetic products which shows
Numerous side effects. As a result, demand for herbal formulation is increasing day by day, in
Our country and even in world market. Most of the people use the herbal formulation in their
Daily life. Due to the growing demands in the world it is great venture to make anti-bacterial
Herbal face scrub containing the neem [Azadirachta indica] and chia seeds [Salvia hispanica].
The above studies claim that F3 herbal face scrub batch is finer than the other herbal face Scrub
batches.
 23. Dara Sukma Ratmelya et al., The results of the study, it can be concluded that the face scrub
preparation of activated charcoal coffee grounds (Coffea arabica L.) with a concentration of 3 %
and vitamin E 5 % is a formula that meets the evaluation of the preparation and measures the
effectiveness of anti-ageing.
24. Simanchal Panda et al., This is an new attempt for facial cosmetics, which can be used as
scrub, but also as Cleanser and antipigment effect. The study shown a satisfactory result with
above discussed parameters. The natural herbal ingredient is side effect free formulation.
25. Esha Vatsa et al., The current study herbal face scrub was formulated, evaluated for various
parameters. The Results indicated that the formulation passed the tests. The prepared poly-herbal
formulation Nourish, moisturize, cleanses, protect the skin against premature aging, acne, and
pimples.

DRUG PROFILE
COFFEE

 Synonym: coffee or ground coffee.

 Biological source: Dried ripe seed of coffee beans

 Solubility: Coffee powder is soluble in water.

 Organoleptic properties:
 Colour: Brown
 Taste: Discernible bitterness
 Odour: Fruity smell

 Chemical constituents: Coffee powder contains various chemical compounds including

caffeine, chlorogenic acids, trigonelline, and other volatile organic compounds that contribute
to its aroma and flavor.

 Uses: Coffee powder is primarily used to brew coffee beverages. It is also used in culinary
applications for flavoring desserts, as a rub for meats, or as an ingredient in various recipes.

CINNAMON
 Synonym: Ceylon cinnamon.

 Biological source: Inner bark of several tree species from the genus cinnamomum

 Solubility: Cinnamon is sparingly soluble in water but soluble in organic solvents like ethanol.

 Organoleptic Properties: Colour: Reddish brown

 Taste: Sweet and woody smell
 Odour: Sweet spicy clove,warm spice cabinet.

 Chemical Constituents: cinnamaldehyde, eugenol, cinnamyl acetate, and cinnamic acid.

  Uses: Cinnamon is used as a spice in both sweet and savory dishes, as well as in beverages. It
is also used in traditional medicine for its potential health benefits, including anti-
inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Additionally, it is used in cosmetics and perfumes for
its fragrance.

CORN STARCH
 Synonym: corn flour, maize starch.

 Biological source: Endosperm of kernel.

 Solubility: Corn starch is insoluble in cold water but becomes soluble in hot water, forming a
thick, translucent paste.

 Organoleptic Properties:
 Colour: white
 Taste : sweet taste
 Odour: odourless

 Chemical Constituents: Corn starch primarily consists of carbohydrates, mainly amylose and
amylopectin. It may also contain small amounts of protein, fat, fiber, and minerals depending
on processing methods.

 Uses: Corn starch is widely used in culinary applications as a thickening agent for sauces,
gravies, soups, and desserts. It is also used in baking to improve texture and moisture retention
in baked goods. Additionally, corn starch is utilized in non-food industries for its adhesive,
binding, and texturizing properties in products such as paper, textiles, and cosmetics.

MASOOR DAL
 Synonym: Red lentils.

 Biological source: Derived from seeds of the lens culinaris plant.

 Organoleptic Properties:
 Colour: Red
 Taste : Nutty taste
 Odour: Toasty

 Chemical constituents: Iron, Selenium, Folate, Thiamin.

 Solubility: Masoor dal is soluble in water when cooked, resulting in a thick, creamy texture
due to the breakdown of its starch content. This solubility allows it to be easily incorporated
into various dishes and recipes.

 Uses: The goodness of dietary fibre in masoor dal helps to diminish bad cholesterol (LDL) and
total cholesterol levels in the body. This improves blood circulation and prevents the deposit of
plaque in the blood vessels, thereby lowers the risk of atherosclerosis, optimise cardiac muscle
functions and boost heart health.
EXCIPIENT PROFILE
Glycerin
Glycerin, also known as glycerol, is a colorless, odorless, sweet-tasting, and viscous liquid. It is a triol
compound, meaning it contains three hydroxyl groups, making it hygroscopic and capable of attracting
and retaining moisture. Glycerin is widely used in pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, food products, and
personal care items due to its humectant, emollient, and solvent properties. Structure:

 Synonym: Glycerol
 IUPAC Name: Propane-1,2,3-triol
 Molecular Formula: C3H8O3
 Molecular Weight: 92.09 g/mol
 Description: Clear, colorless, odorless viscous liquid
 Melting Point: 18.2°C
 Pharmacologic class: Humectant, emollient
 Solubility: Miscible with water, soluble in ethanol, acetone, and chloroform

ROSE WATER
 Synonym: Rose water or rose hydrosol.

 Biological source: Distilled water infused with the essential oil of rose petals.

 Solubility: Rose water is soluble in water.

 Organoleptic properties:
 Colour: Clear liquid with a slight pink hue.
 Taste: Mild floral flavor.
 Odour: Strong, sweet floral scent reminiscent of fresh roses.

 Chemical constituents: Rose water contains various chemical compounds including citronellol,
geraniol, nerol, and other aromatic compounds derived from rose petals.

 Uses: Rose water is commonly used in culinary applications to add flavor and fragrance to
dishes, particularly in Middle Eastern and Indian cuisines. It is also used in skincare and
cosmetics for its soothing and moisturizing properties, as well as in aromatherapy for its
calming scent.
AIM:
Formulation and evaluation of herbal face scrub for glowing skin.

OBJECTIVES
1. The main objective of present study was to prepare a herbal facial scrub.
2. In this formulation of herbal facial scrub, we used coffee as primary ingredient.
Cinnamon, Corn starch, Masoor dal, Glycerin and rose water are the ingredients
used in the scrub.
3. Evaluation of herbal facial scrub such as colour, odour, texture, PH,
Consistency, Spreadability, Irritability, Washability, Grittiness, etc.,
4. The first and foremost benefit of using a facial scrub is removing the dead skin
cells from face.
5.Glycerin acts as moisturizing agent which helps to hydrate the skin.
Work Plan
 Plan OF Work:
Collection of the
Literature survey ingredients

Characterization/
Evaluation Formulation studies
of herbal face scrub of herbal face scrub

Organoleptic
Characteristics
Colour
Odour
Texture
Consistency
PH determination
Irritability
Washability
Spreadability
Grittiness
METHODOLOGY

Materials
Table No.1: List of ingredients used:

S.NO INGREDIENTS SOURCE OF THE INGREDIENTS

1 COFFEE Nescafe Pvt Ltd

2 CINNAMON Shakum distribution Pvt Ltd

3 MASOOR DAL Reliance Pvt Ltd

4 CORN STARCH Kovai global export INC

5 GLYCERIN Corel pharma Pvt Ltd

6 ROSE WATER Veda oils Pvt Ltd

 Table No.2 : List of instruments used:

S.NO INSTRUMENTS MANUFACTURER

1 Digital weighing balance Shimadzu Corporation,

AY 120

2 Magnetic stirrer Remi Instruments Division

3 Digital pH meter Delux pH Meter-101

4 Beakers TA HD Plus, Stable Micro System

5 Mortar and pestle Crush Craft Industries

METHOD OF PREPARATION
All the ingredients are powdered and weighed according to the given quantity

2.5 gm of coffee and 2 gm of cinnamon are mixed in glass beaker.

Then added the reamaining ingredients one by one and mix properly.

1ml of glycerin was added then mixes properly and rose water in suffuent quantity.

Then all the ingredients is homogenously mixed until smooth texture appear.

Then the prepared scrub was filled in air tight container and stored in cool and dry place away from sunlight.

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION

Evaluation of herbal scrub

Characteristics of extracts
Herbal scrub was formulated using simple gel preparation method. From
results it was showed that scrub was soft, easy to spread and applies
comfortly to the skin based on spreadability test. Spreadability, viscosity
and pH of formulation was found to be good. Stability studies of gives good
results during 3 months.

1.Physical Appearance:
It was observed that the color of all the herbal facial scrub was brown, which on the
application was found to be rough.

2. pH:
The pH test will be determined by using Digital pH meter. The pH of the
formulation should having acidic pH of 6.8.

3. Spreadability:
Visual inspection was used to assess the quality of the spreading. It is easily spreadable.
4.Washability
A small of amount of the preparation is applied to the skin and left in place for a
specified period of time. After the exposure period, the preparation is washed away
with plain water, and the skin is evaluated for signs of irritation or sensitivity, such as
redness, itching, or swelling.

4. Grittiness:
The small gritty particles are found in the formulation of herbal facial scrub.

5.Irritability:
It refers to how likely the scrub is to cause skin irritation or sensitivity, which can be a
major concern for people with sensitive skin.

5. Extrudability:
The formulation of facial scrub ca be easily extruded.

6.Patch test:
In patch test a small area of skin is exposed to those chemicals in dilute form whose
specific effect on skin is to be studied. In patch test reaction of formulation on skin is
observed in 2-3 days.

S.NO PARAMETERS OBSERVATION

1. colour Brown
2. odour Characteristic
3. consistency Good
4. pH 6.8
5. Spreadability Easily spreadable
6. washability Easily washable
7. Grittiness Small gritty particles
8. Irritability Non irritant
9. Extrudability Easily extruded
10. Patch test Non - allergic

CONCULSION
In the current study herbal face scrub was formulated, evaluated for various parameters.
Herbal face scrubs are used to remove dead skin cells, acne scars, prevents in grown
hairs, removes dirt from skin pores, protects the skin against premature aging and
promote blood circulation. Also, it has the ability to provide effective bright, healthy,
crystal-clear skin. The face scrub is beneficial, economical & passed all evaluation
parameter.
REFERENCES

1. Sejal Mahajan and Dr. Nandu Kayande,Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal scrub,
Volume 3, Issue 2, April 2023.
2. Shraddha V. Khabale*, Akshay R. Yadav, Preparation and Evaluation of Polyherbal Facial
Scrub, August 2022 Vol.:25, Issue:1.
3. Snehal L. Mane et al., Formulation and Evaluation of herbal scrub gel of walnut shell,
Volume: 8, Issue: 6, June 2022.
4. J. Prathyusha* et al., Formulation and Evaluation of Polyherbal Face Scrubber for Oily
Skin in Gel Form, Published: 30 July, 2019.
5. Rutuja Prashant Nangare, Trupti Ashok Thange, Formulation and Evaluation of Polyherbal
Facial Scrub, Publication and Reviews, Vol 3, no 6, pp 3439-3448, June 2022.
6. Mounika et al., Formulation And Evaluation of Herbal Face Scrub Using Exfoliating
Agents, Volume 5, Issue 5, September-October 2023.
7. Prothibha Das et al., Development and Characterization of Facial Scrub Using Natural
Exfoliants, Vol 12, Issue 1, 2023.
8. Siddhi Pise et al., Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Anti-Acne Face Scrub, Vol. 14,
Issue-02, July- December 2023.
9. Farheen Begum* and Mohammad Idris, Design and Development of Unani Exfoliation
Facial Scrub(UEFS) For Skincare, Vol 5, Issue 12, 2016.
10. Roshni Uikey, Formulation and Evaluation of Polyherbal Facial Scrub, 2023, Vol 1, Issue
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11. Ghadage P. K.*et al., Formulation and Evaluation of Herbal Scrub Using Tamarind Peel,
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Activity, Volume 12 Issue 3, July - September 2022.
13. Dr. Shweta P. Ghode et al., Formulation and Evaluation of Facial Scrub Containing
Sunflower Seeds and Other Natural Ingredients, Vol 8, Issue 9, 2019.
14. Kiran Kekane et al., Formulation And Evaluation of Red Lentils Herbal Face Scrub, 2023,
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