1.
Most common complication insulin therapy:
A. lipodystrophies
B. hypotension
C. gallstones
D hypoglycemia
E retinopaathy
2. Effects associated with insulin- induced hypoglycemia:
A. tachycardia
B. palpitations
C. nausea
D. sweating
E. all of the above
3. Effective in the immediate management of the comatose, hypoglycemic patient.
A. have the patient drink orange juice
B. provide IV infusion of 50% glucose solution
C. glucagon injection -- subcutaneous or intramuscular
D. B & C
E. A,B & C
4. Causes of hypoglycemia in a diabetic patient:
A. insulin overdosage
B. delay in eating (later than normal)
C. unusual physical activity
D. A & B
E. A,B & C
5. Blockade of signs of diabetic hypoglycemia:
A. diabetic neuropathy
B. metoprolol (Lopressor)
C. propranolol (Inderal)
D. B & C
E. A, B & C
6. Insulin allergy:
A. immediate response is IgG mediated
B. anaphylaxis may result
C. change in insulin species(e.g. from pure pork or human from beef)
D. B & C
E. A, B & C
7. Biguanide-- oral hypoglycemic drug:
A. Tolbutamide (Orinase)
B. acarbose (Precose)
C. metformin (Glucophage)
D. troglitazone (Rezulin)
E. none of the above
8. Proposed mechanism(s) for hypoglycemic action of sulfonylureas:
A. enhancement of insulin release from pancreatic beta cells
B. increase of serum glucagon levels
C. potentiation of insulin effects at target tissues
D. A & B
E. A & C
9. Sulfonylurea hypoglycemic drug:receptor sites
A. muscarinic receptor
B. calcium channel
C. potassium channel
D. beta adrenergic receptor
E. alpha adrenergic receptor
10. Inhibitors of insulin release:
A. somatostatin
B. diazoxide (Hyperstat)
C. phenytoin (Dilantin)
D. vinblastine (Velban)
E. all of the above
11. Second generation sulfonylurea:
A. chlorpropamide (Diabinese)
B. tolazamide (Tolinase)
C. acetohexamide
D. glipizide (Glucotrol)
E. Tolbutamide (Orinase)
12. Second-generation sulfonylurea approved for once-daily use as monotherapy in management of Type II
diabetes:
A. chlorpropamide (Diabinese)
B. glyburide (Micronase, DiaBeta)
C. glipizide (Glucotrol)
D. glimepiride (Amaryl)
E. metformin (Glucophage)
13. Oral hypoglycemic agent most likely to be prescribed for patients with refractory obesity and who exhibit
insulin resistance syndrome: in
A. acetohexamide
B. chlorpropamide (Diabinese)
C. glyburide (Micronase, DiaBeta)
D. metformin (Glucophage)
E. Tolbutamide (Orinase)
14. Aldose reductase inhibitor:
A. metformin (Glucophage)
B. acetazolamide (Diamox)
C. Tolbutamide (Orinase)
D. acarbose (Precose)
E. troglitazone (Rezulin)
15. Cardiac effects of glucagon:
A. positive inotropic; positive chronotropic
B. negative inotropic negative chronotropic
16. Immediate pharmacologic/metabolic consequence of glucagon infusion:
A. increase hepatic glycogen; decrease blood glucose
B. decrease blood glucose; decrease stored hepatic glycogen
C. increased blood glucose; decreased hepatic glycogen
D. decreased blood glucose; increase stored hepatic glycogen
E. none of the above
17. Glucagon effect(s)-- at pharmacologic doses:
A. promote insulin release from normal pancreatic B cells
B. promote catecholamine release from pheochromocytoma
C. promote calcitonin release from medullary carcinoma cells
D. A & B
E. A, B & C
18. Following very significant alpha and beta-adrenergic blocker overdosage; most likely to promote increased
inotropic and chronotropic cardiac response
A. isoproterenol (Isuprel)
B. phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)
C. glucagon
D. mecamylamine (Inversine)
E. none of the above would be effective
Reference:
http://www.pharmacology2000.com/Diabetes/question3/questionset3.htm
19. Which of the following oral antidiabetic agents would be unlikely to raise insulin concentrations in
type 2 diabetic patients?
A Sulfonylureas
B Meglitinides
C Gliptins (DPP-4 inhibitors)
D Metformin and thiazolidinediones
E None of the above
20. Which of the following oral antidiabetic agents are often associated with weight gain in type 2 diabetic
patients?
A Metformin
B α-Glucosidase inhibitors
C Gliptins (DPP-4 inhibitors)
D Sulfonylureas
E None of the above
21. The estimated number of people in the US that have
diabetes (diagnosed or undiagnosed) is:
A.22 million
b.650,000
c.16 million
d.8.5 million
22. Diabetes mellitus is characterized by hypoglycemia.
A.True
B.False
23. The new classification of diabetes is based on:
A.etiology
B.type of treatment
C.type of insulin
D.age of onset
24. Type 2 diabetes is characterized by:
A.insulin resistance
B.insulin lack
C.beta cell destruction
D. none of the above
25. A 35 year old patient comes to your clinic with newly
diagnosed diabetes. Lab tests reveal no C-peptide in her blood.
She has lost a lot of weight recently, despite the fact that she
has been eating a lot. This patient has:
A.adult-onset diabetes
B.GDM
C.type 2 diabetes
D.type 1 diabetes
26. The hormone that is secreted by the alpha cells of the
pancreas that raises blood glucose when levels are low is:
A.glucagon
B.epiniphrine
C.insulin
D.cortisol
27. Type 2 diabetes typically is diagnosed at a young age.
A.true
B.false
28. Which of the following tissues requires insulin for glucose
entry into cells:
A. muscle
B. liver
C. kidney tissue
D. nervous tissue
29. The renal threshhold for glucose is ___________ mg/dl.
A. 180
B. 120
C. 200
D. 140
30. If blood glucose levels are marginally low before exercise,
the diabetic should not exercise that day.
A. True
B. False
31. A diabetic passes out at a party you are attending. You know
that she had exercised earlier in the day and hadn't eaten since.
She most likely is experiencing a:
A. hyperglycemic episode
B. hypoglycemic episode
C. ketotic episode
D. none of the above
32. Blood albumin levels are an indicator of:
A. visceral protein stores
B. somatic protein stores
C. energy status
D. first two answers only
33. Nutrition assessment involves gathering information
regarding the following:
A. historical dietary data
B. anthropometric measurements
C. biochemical (lab) analyses
D. all of the above
34. Which indicator of protein status is inaccurate if iron status
is poor:
A. albumin
B. prealbumin
C. retinol binding protien
D. transferrin
35. Classic symptoms of type 1 diabetes include polydypsia,
polyuria, polyphagia, and weight gain.
A. true
B. false
36. In the progression of malnutrition, which of the following
indicators would occur last:
A. physical signs
B. abnormal body functions
C. lack of nutrient in diet
D. declining stores
37. Insulin injections in the stomach area work the fastest.
A. true
B. false
38. You see a patient who has thin, dull hair and weak
fingernails; therefore, you conclude that the patient:
A. needs further nutritional assessment before a definite
conclusion can be drawn
B. is malnourished regarding protein
C. is in a state of starvation
D. 2nd and 3rd selections only
39. Insulin promotes all but which of the following:
A. lipolysis
B.lipogenesis
C.protein synthesis
D.glucose entry into cells
40. Factors that seem to play a role in the development of type
2 diabetes include:
A. weight and heredity
B. liver disease
C. enzyme deficiencies
D. childhood illnesses
