BQ 25960
BQ 25960
www.ti.com BQ25960
SLUSE08 – FEBRUARY 2021
SLUSE08 – FEBRUARY 2021
BQ25960 I2C Controlled, Single Cell 8-A Switched Cap Parallel Battery Charger with
Integrated Bypass Mode and Dual-Input Selector
1 Features 2 Applications
• 98.1% peak efficiency switched cap parallel • Smartphone
charger supporting 8-A fast charge • Tablet
• Patent pending dual phase switched cap
architecture optimized for highest efficiency
3 Description
– Input voltage is 2x battery voltage The BQ25960 is a 98.1% peak efficiency, 8-A battery
– Output current is 2x of input current charging solution using switch capacitor architecture
– Reduces power loss across input cable for 1-cell Li-ion battery. The switched cap architecture
allows the cable current to be half the charging
• Integrated 5-A Bypass Mode fast charge
current, reducing the cable power loss, and limiting
– 21-mΩ Rdson charging path resistance to temperature rise. The dual-phase architecture
support 5-A input and 5-A output charging increases charging efficiency and reduces the input
current and output cap requirements. When used with a main
• Dual-input power mux controller for source charger such as BQ2561x or BQ2589x, the system
selection during fast charging and USB On-The- enables full charging cycle from trickle charge to
Go (OTG)/ reverse TX Mode termination with low power loss at Constant Current
• Support wide range of input voltage (CC) and Constant Voltage (CV) Mode.
– Up to 12.75-V operational input voltage The BQ25960 supports 5-A Bypass Mode charge
– Maximum 40-V input voltage with optional (previously called battery switch charge) through
external ACFET and 20-V without external internal MOSFETs. The Rdson in Bypass Mode
ACFET charging path is 21 mΩ for high-current operation.
• Parallel charging with synchronized dual BQ25960 The integrated Bypass Mode allows backward
operations for up to 13-A charging current compatibility of 5-V fast charging adapter to charge 1-
• Integrated programmable protection features for cell battery.
safe operation The device supports dual input configuration through
– Input overvoltage protection (BUSOVP) and integrated mux control and driver for external N-FETs.
battery overvoltage protection (BATOVP) It also allows single input with no external N-FET or
– Input overcurrent protection (BUSOCP) and single N-FET.
battery overcurrent protection (BATOCP)
Device Information
– Output overvoltage protection (VOUTOVP)
PART NUMBER(1) PACKAGE BODY SIZE (NOM)
– Input undercurrent protection (BUSUCP) and
BQ25960 DSBGA (36) 2.55 mm x 2.55 mm
input reverse-current protection (BUSRCP) to
detect adapter unplug and prevent boost-back (1) For all available packages, see the orderable addendum at
– Battery and connector temperature monitoring the end of the data sheet.
(TSBAT_FLT and TSBUS_FLT) Phone
(TDIE_FLT) SC Phase
#1
VOUT
AC/DC VBUS
– ADC readings and configuration
SYSTEM
Type C Connector
VBUS
Converter
Main charger SYS
AP
Simplified Schematic
An©IMPORTANT
Copyright NOTICEIncorporated
2021 Texas Instruments at the end of this data sheet addresses availability, warranty, changes, use in safety-critical
Submit Document applications,
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intellectual property matters and other important disclaimers. PRODUCTION DATA.
Product Folder Links: BQ25960
BQ25960
SLUSE08 – FEBRUARY 2021 www.ti.com
Table of Contents
1 Features............................................................................1 9.4 Programming............................................................ 29
2 Applications..................................................................... 1 9.5 Register Maps...........................................................32
3 Description.......................................................................1 10 Application and Implementation................................ 61
4 Revision History.............................................................. 2 10.1 Application Information........................................... 61
5 Description (continued).................................................. 3 10.2 Typical Application.................................................. 61
6 Device Comparison Table...............................................4 11 Power Supply Recommendations..............................67
7 Pin Configuration and Functions...................................5 12 Layout...........................................................................68
8 Specifications.................................................................. 7 12.1 Layout Guidelines................................................... 68
8.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings ....................................... 7 12.2 Layout Example...................................................... 68
8.2 ESD Ratings .............................................................. 7 13 Device and Documentation Support..........................69
8.3 Recommended Operating Conditions ........................7 13.1 Device Support....................................................... 69
8.4 Thermal Information ...................................................8 13.2 Documentation Support.......................................... 69
8.5 Electrical Characteristics ............................................8 13.3 Receiving Notification of Documentation Updates..69
8.6 Timing Requirements ............................................... 12 13.4 Support Resources................................................. 69
8.7 Typical Characteristics.............................................. 13 13.5 Trademarks............................................................. 69
9 Detailed Description......................................................15 13.6 Electrostatic Discharge Caution..............................69
9.1 Overview................................................................... 15 13.7 Glossary..................................................................69
9.2 Functional Block Diagram......................................... 16 14 Mechanical, Packaging, and Orderable
9.3 Feature Description...................................................17 Information.................................................................... 70
4 Revision History
DATE REVISION NOTES
February 2021 * Initial release.
5 Description (continued)
The device integrates all the necessary protection features to support safe charging, including input overvoltage
and overcurrent protection, output overvoltage and overcurrent protection, input undercurrent and reverse-
current protection, temperature sensing for the battery and cable, and junction overtemperature protection in
both Switched Cap and Bypass Mode.
The device includes a 16-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) to provide VAC voltage, bus voltage, bus current,
output voltage, battery voltage, battery current, input connector temperature, battery temperature, junction
temperature, and other calculated measurements needed to manage the charging of the battery from the
adapter, or wireless input, or power bank.
/INT SRN_
CDRVH CFL2 VOUT CFH2
D SYNCIN
(1) Type: P = Power , AIO = Analog Input/Output , AI = Analog Input, DO = Digital Output, AO = Analog Output, DIO = Digital Input/Output
8 Specifications
8.1 Absolute Maximum Ratings
over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)(1)
MIN MAX UNIT
VAC1, VAC2 (converter not switching) –2 40 V
VBUS (converter not switching) –2 20 V
PMID (converter not switching) –0.3 20 V
ACDRV1, ACDRV2 –0.3 30 V
CFL1, CFL2 –0.3 7 V
Voltage CFH1 to VOUT, CFH2 to VOUT –0.3 7 V
VOUT –0.3 7 V
BATP, BATN_SRP –0.3 6 V
INT, SDA, SCL, CDRVL_ADDRMS, SRN_SYNCIN,
–0.3 6 V
TSBAT_SYNCOUT, TSBUS
CDRVH –0.3 20 V
Output Sink Current INT 6 mA
TJ Junction temperature –40 150 °C
Tstg Storage temperature –55 150 °C
(1) Stresses beyond those listed under Absolute Maximum Rating may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings
only, which do not imply functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under
Recommended Operating Condition. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device
reliability.
(1) JEDEC document JEP155 states that 500-V HBM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process.
(2) JEDEC document JEP157 states that 250-V CDM allows safe manufacturing with a standard ESD control process.
(1) For more information about traditional and new thermal metrics, see the Semiconductor and IC Package Thermal Metrics application
report.
97.75 2.4
2.2
97.25
2
96.75
1.8
96.25 1.6
1.4
95.75
1.2
95.25
1
94.75 0.8
0.6
94.25
0.4
93.75
0.2
93.25 0
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Charge current (A) Charge current (A)
VBAT = 4.0 V, FSW = 500 kHz VBAT = 4.0 V, FSW = 500 kHz
Figure 8-1. Battery Charge Efficiency vs. Charge Current, 1 x Figure 8-2. Battery Charge Power Loss vs. Charge Current, 1 x
22-µF CFLY per Phase Switching Frequency 22-µF CFLY per Phase Switching Frequency
1.8
98
1.6
97.6
1.4
97.2
1.2
Power loss (W)
Efficiency (%)
96.8
1
96.4
0.8
96
0.6
95.6
0.4
95.2 0.2
94.8 0
0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 7.5 8.5 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 7.5 8.5
Charge current (A) Charge current (A)
VBAT = 4.0 V, FSW = 500 kHz VBAT = 4.0 V, FSW = 500 kHz
Figure 8-3. Battery Charge Efficiency vs. Charge Current, 2 x Figure 8-4. Battery Charge Power Loss vs. Charge Current, 2 x
22-µF CFLY per Phase 22-µF CFLY per Phase
1
97
96.8 0.8
96.6
96.4 0.6
96.2
0.4
96
95.8 0.2
95.6
95.4 0
0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 7.5 8.5 0.5 1.5 2.5 3.5 4.5 5.5 6.5 7.5 8.5
Charge current (A) Charge current (A)
VBAT = 4.0 V, FSW = 500 kHz VBAT = 4.0 V, FSW = 500 kHz
Figure 8-5. Battery Charge Efficiency vs. Charge Current, 3 x Figure 8-6. Battery Charge Power Loss vs. Charge Current, 3 x
22-µF CFLY per Phase 22-µF CFLY per Phase
9 Detailed Description
9.1 Overview
The BQ25960 is a 98.1% peak efficiency, 8-A battery charging solution using a switched cap architecture for 1-
cell Li-ion battery. This architecture allows the cable current to be half the charging current, reducing the cable
power loss, and limiting temperature rise. The dual-phase architecture increases charging efficiency and reduces
the input and output cap requirements. When used with a main charger such as BQ2561x or BQ2589x, the
system the system enables full charging cycle from trickle charge to termination with low power loss at Constant
Current (CC) and Constant Voltage (CV) mode.
The device also operates in bypass mode charging the battery directly from VBUS through QB, QCH1 and
QDH1 in parallel with QCH2 and QDH2. The impedance in bypass mode is limited to 21 mΩ for 5-A charging
current.
The device supports dual input power path management which manages the power flowing from two different
input sources. The inputs selection is controlled by host through I2C with default source #1 as the primary input
and the source #2 as the secondary source.
The device integrates all the necessary protection features to ensure safe charging, including input overvoltage
and overcurrent protection, output overvoltage and overcurrent protection, temperature sensing for the battery
and cable, and monitoring the die temperature.
The device includes a 16-bit ADC to provide bus voltage, bus current, output voltage, battery voltage, battery
current, input connector temperature, battery temperature, junction temperature, and other calculated
measurements needed to manage the charging of the battery from the smart wall adapter or wireless input or
power bank.
VVBUSUVLOZ
+ UVLO
BQ25960
Block Diagram
+
VVBUSOVP REGN REGN
VBUSOVP EN_HIZ LDO REGN
CDRVH
QB CDRVL_ADDRMS
IBUS
VBUS PMID
ACDRV1
QCH1 QCH2
ACDRV2
Switched CFH2
VAC1 Cap
INPUT Control CFH1
VAC2 SELECTOR
QDH1 QDH2
VOUT
Digital Core,
SDA I2C Control
and System
QCL1 QCL2
Feedback to HOST
SCL SYNCOUT
CFL2
SYNCIN CFL1
INT
QDL1 QDL2
TSBUS TSBUS_FLT
+ GND
VBUS_ADC VBAT_ADC
IBUSUCP + + VOUT
IBUS + + IC_TJ
IBUSRCP TDIE_FTL
VAC1 + + VAC2
VAC1OVP VAC2OVP
BQ25960
(Parallel charger)
VOUT
SC Phase
#1
SC Phase
Adapter #2
SW
Type C Connector
VBUS
Converter
Main charger SYS
D+/D-
D+/D- BAT
Host + PD Controller
CC1/ CC2
PD Controller
Battery
I2C
AP
8A
Note: Current and Voltage steps are exaggerated for
example only ± actual current steps are much
7A smaller
BATOVP
6A BATOVP_ALM
Battery Current
Charge Current (A)
5A Battery Voltage
Cable Current
3A 3.5
2A
3.0
1A 3.0V
Pre-Charge
Pre-Charge CC CC CV CV
Main charger Main charger BQ25960 BQ25960 Main charger
T1 T2 T3 T4 T5
ACDRV2 VAC2
QB
VAC1
ACDRV1
BQ25960
ACDRV2 VAC2
ACFET1
Adapter PMID
VBUS
QB
ACDRV1
VAC1
BQ25960
ACDRV2 VAC2
Wireless VBUS
PMID
QB
Adapter ACDRV1
VAC1 BQ25960
ACFET1 RBFET1
ACDRV2 VAC2
ACFET2 RBFET2
Wireless VBUS PMID
QB
Adapter ACDRV1
VAC1
ACFET1 RBFET1
BQ25960
ACDRV2 VAC2
Adapter VBUS
BQ25960
Wireless
SDA
ACDRV1
QB Digital
VAC1
Core SCL Host
PMID /INT
QCH1 QCH2
CFH1 CFH2
QCL1 QCL2
CFL1 CFL2
QDL1 QDL2
GND
Battery
Figure 9-7. BQ25960 Bypass Mode
To change from Bypass Mode to Switched Cap Mode or from Switched Cap to Bypass Mode, the host would first
set CHG_EN=0 to stop the converter and then set EN_BYPASS to desired value. The host sets desired
protection threshold based on the selected operation modes and then host enables charge by setting
CHG_EN=1.
9.3.7 Charging Start-Up
The host can start Switched Cap or Bypass Mode charging follow the steps below:
1. Both VBUS and VOUT need to be present. Host can check the status through VBUSPRESENT_STAT
(REG15[2]) and VOUTPRSENT_STAT (REG15[5]). Both of them need to be '1'.
2. Host sets all the protections to the desired thresholds. Refer to the Device Modes and Protection Status
section for proper setting.
3. Host sets either Switched Cap Mode or Bypass Mode through EN_BYPASS bit (REG0F[3]) based on adapter
type.
4. Host sets the desired switching frequency in Switched Cap Mode through FSW_SET [2:0] bits (REG10[7:5]).
5. Host sets BUS under current protection (BUSUCP) to 250 mA though BUSUCP bit (REG05[6])=1
6. Host sets charger configuration bits: CHG_CONFIG_1 (REG05[3])=1.
7. Host can enable charge by setting CHG_EN=1.
8. Once charge has been enabled, the CONV_ACTIVE_STAT bit is set to '1' to indicate either switched cap or
bypass is active, and current starts to flow to the battery.
9. When watchdog timer expires, CHG_EN is reset to '0' and charging stops. Host needs to read or write any
register bit before watchdog expires, or disable watchdog timer (set REG10[2]=1) to prevent watchdog timer
from expiring.
9.3.8 Adapter Removal
If adapter is removed during soft start timer, CHG_EN will be cleared after soft-start timer expires. The user can
program the soft-start timer in SS_TIMEOUT register. If adapter is removed after soft-start timer expires,
converter stops switching and CHG_EN is cleared after the deglitch time programmed in
IBUSUCP_FALL_DG_SEL register. The device prevents boost back when the adapter is removed during and
after the soft-start timer. To accelerate VBUS or VAC discharge after adapter removal, the user to turn on the
VBUS pulldown resistor (RVBUS_PD) and VAC pulldown current resistor (RVAC_PD) by setting BUS_PD_EN or
VAC1_PD_EN or VAC2_PD_EN to '1'.
9.3.9 Integrated 16-Bit ADC for Monitoring and Smart Adapter Feedback
The integrated 16-bit ADC of the device allows the user to get critical system information for optimizing the
behavior of the charger control. The control of the ADC is done through the ADC control register. The ADC_EN
bit provides the ability to enable and disable the ADC to conserve power. The ADC_RATE bit allows continuous
conversion or one-shot behavior. The ADC_AVG bit enables or disables (default) averaging. ADC_AVG_INIT
starts average using the existing (default) or using a new ADC value.
To enable the ADC, the ADC_EN bit must be set to ‘1’. The ADC is allowed to operate if the VVAC>VVACPRESENT,
VVBUS>VVBUSPRESENT or VVOUT>VVOUTPRESENT is valid. If ADC_EN is set to ‘1’ before VAC, VBUS or VOUT
reach their respective PRESENT threshold, then the ADC conversion will be postponed until one of the power
supplies reaches the threshold.
The ADC_SAMPLE bits control the sample speed of the ADC, with conversion times of tADC_CONV. The
integrated ADC has two rate conversion options: a 1-shot mode and a continuous conversion mode set by the
ADC_RATE bit. By default, all ADC parameters will be converted in 1-shot or continuous conversion mode
unless disabled in the ADC CONTROL 1 and ADC_CONTROL 2 register. If an ADC parameter is disabled by
setting the corresponding bit in the ADC CONTROL 1 and ADC_CONTROL 2 register, then the value in that
register will be from the last valid ADC conversion or the default POR value (all zeros if no conversions have
taken place). If an ADC parameter is disabled in the middle of an ADC measurement cycle, the device will finish
the conversion of that parameter, but will not convert the parameter starting the next conversion cycle. Even
though no conversion takes place when all ADC measurement parameters are disabled, the ADC circuitry is
active and ready to begin conversion as soon as one of the bits in the ADC CONTROL 1 and ADC_CONTROL 2
register is set to ‘0’.
The ADC_DONE_* bits signal when a conversion is complete in 1-shot mode only. During continuous conversion
mode, the ADC_DONE_* bits have no meaning and will be ‘0’.
ADC conversion operates independently of the faults present in the device. ADC conversion will continue even
after a fault has occurred (such as one that causes the power stage to be disabled), and the host must set
ADC_EN = ‘0’ to disable the ADC. ADC readings are only valid for DC states and not for transients. When host
writes ADC_EN=0, the ADC stops immediately. If the host wants to exit ADC more gracefully, it is possible to do
either of the following:
1. Write ADC_RATE to one-shot, and the ADC will stop at the end of a complete cycle of conversions, or
2. Write all the DIS bits low, and the ADC will stop at the end of the current measurement.
When external sense resistor (RSNS) is placed and IBATADC is used, it is recommended to use 375-kHz
switching frequency.
9.3.10 Device Modes and Protection Status
Table 9-5 shows the features and modes of the device depending on the conditions of the device.
Table 9-5. Device Modes and Protection Status
STATE
BATTERY ONLY VAC1/
VAC2/ VBUS NOT INPUT PRESENT INPUT PRESENT INPUT PRESENT
FUNCTIONS AVAILABLE
PRESENT
DURING SOFTSTART AFTER SOFTSTART
CHARGE DISABLED
TIMER TIMER
I2C allowed X X X X
ADC X X X X
ACDRV gate drive X X X
Tripping any of these protections causes QB to be off and converter stops switching. Masking the fault or alarm
does NOT disable the protection, but only keeps an INT from being triggered by the event. Disabling the fault or
alarm protection other than BUSUCP holds that STAT and FLAG bits in reset, and also prevents an interrupt
from occurring. Disable BUSUCP protection still sets STAT and FLAT bits and sends interrupt to alert host but
keeps converter running when triggered.
When any OVP, OCP, RCP or overtemperature fault event is triggered, the CHG_EN bit is set to ‘0’ to disable
charging, and the charging start-up sequence must be followed to begin charging again.
9.3.10.1 Input Overvoltage, Overcurrent, Undercurrent, Reverse-Current and Short-Circuit Protection
Input overvoltage protection with external single or back-to-back N-channel FET(s): The device integrates
the functionality of an input overvoltage protector. With external single or back-to-back N-channel FET(s), the
device blocks high input voltage exceeding VACOVP threshold (VAC1OVP or VAC2OVP). This eliminates the
need for a separate OVP device to protect the overall system. The integrated VACOVP feature has a response
time of tVACOVP (the actual time to turn off external FET(s) will be longer and depends upon the FET(s) gate
capacitance). The VAC1OVP and VAC2OVP setting is adjustable in the VAC control register. The part allows the
user to have different VAC1OVP and VAC2OVP settings. Always put the high VACOVP threshold input to VAC1.
When VAC1OVP or VAC2OVP is tripped, corresponding ACDRV is turned off and VAC1OVP_STAT or
VAC2OVP_STAT and VAC1OVP_FLAG or VAC2OVP_FLAG is set to ‘1’, and INT is asserted low to alert the
host (unless masked by VAC1OVP_MASK or VAC2OVP_MASK). When VAC2OVP is triggered, the device
sends multiple interrupts when the fault persists. Use VAC1 as input unless both VAC1 and VAC2 are needed.
Input overvoltage protection (BUSOVP): The BUSOVP threshold is adjustable in the BUSOVP register. When
BUSOVP is tripped, switched cap or bypass mode is disabled and CHG_EN is set to ‘0’. BUSOVP_STAT and
BUSOVP_FLAG is set to ‘1’, and INT is asserted low to alert the host (unless masked by BUSOVP_MASK). The
start-up sequence must be followed to resume charging.
Input overcurrent protection (BUSOCP): Input overcurrent protection monitors the current flow into VBUS.
The overcurrent protection threshold is adjustable in the BUSOCP register. When BUSOCP is tripped, Switched
Cap or Bypass Mode is disabled and CHG_EN is set to ‘0’. BUSOCP_STAT and BUSOCP_FLAG is set to ‘1’,
and INT is asserted low to alert the host (unless masked by BUSOCP_MASK). The start-up sequence must be
followed to resume charging.
Input undercurrent protection (BUSUCP): BUS undercurrent protection (UCP) is implemented to detect
adapter unplug. Set BUSUCP =1 (REG05[6]) before enable charge. When BUSUCP is enabled
(BUSUCP_DIS=0), if the current is below BUSUCP after soft start timer (programmable in SS_TIMEOUT[2:0])
expires, Switched Cap or Bypass Mode is disabled and CHG_EN is set to ‘0’. BUSUCP_STAT and
BUSUCP_FLAG is set to ‘1’, and INT is asserted low to alert the host (unless masked by BUSUCP_MASK). The
start-up sequence must be followed to resume charging. The deglitch time for BUSUCP is programmable in
IBUSUCP_FALL_DG_SET[1:0] register. Please note that BUSUCP deglitch time needs to be set shorter than
soft start timer in order for BUSUCP to be effective.
When BUSUCP is disabled (BUSUCP_DIS=1), if the current is below BUSUCP after soft-start timer expires,
CHG_EN is not set to ‘0’, BUSUCP_STAT and BUSUCP_FLAG is set to ‘1’, and INT is asserted low to alert the
host (unless masked by BUSUCP_MASK). The host can determine if charge needs to be stopped in this case.
Input reverse-current protection (BUSRCP): The device monitors the current flow from VBUS to VBAT to
ensure there is no reverse current (current flow from VBAT to VBUS). In an event that a reverse current flow is
detected when BUSRCP_DIS is set to ‘0’, the Switched Cap or Bypass is disabled and CHG_EN is set to ‘0’.
The start-up sequence must be followed to resume charging. To disable BUSRCP, set REG05[1:0] to '00' and
then set BUSRCP_DIS=1.
RCP is always active when converter is switching and BUSRCP_DIS is set to '0'. When RCP is tripped,
BUSRCP_STAT and BUSRCP_FLAG is set to ‘1’, and INT is asserted low to alert the host (unless masked by
BUSRCP_MASK).
Input overvoltage and overcurrent protection alarm (BUSOVP_ALM and BUSOCP_ALM): In addition to
input overvoltage and overcurrent, the device also integrates alarm function BUSOVP_ALM and BUSOCP_ALM.
When alarm is triggered, the corresponding STAT and FLAG bit is set to ‘1’ and INT is asserted low to alert the
host (unless it is masked by the MASK bit). However, CHG_EN is not cleared and host can reduce input voltage
or input current to prevent VBUS reaching VBUSOVP threshold or IBUS reaching IBUSOCP threshold.
VBUS_ERRHI: the device monitors VBUS to VOUT voltage ratio. If VBUS/VOUT is greater than
VBUS_ERRHI_RISING threshold, the converter does not switch but CHG_EN is kept at '1'. The converter
automatically starts switching when the VBUS/VOUT drops below VBUS_ERRHI_FALLING threshold.
9.3.10.2 Battery Overvoltage and Overcurrent Protection
BATOVP and BATOVP_ALM: The device integrates both overcurrent and overvoltage protection for the battery.
The device monitors the battery voltage on BATP and BATN_SRP. In order to reduce the possibility of battery
terminal shorts during manufacturing, 100-Ω series resistors on BATP is required. If external sense resistor is not
used, place 100-Ω series resistors on BATN as well. The device is intended to be operated within the window
formed by the BATOVP and BATOVP_ALM. When the BATOVP_ALM is reached, an interrupt is sent to the host
to reduce the charge current and thereby not reaching the BATOVP threshold. If BATOVP is reached, the
switched cap or bypass is disabled and CHG_EN is set to ‘0’, and the start-up sequence must be followed to
resume charging. At the same time, BATOVP_STAT and BATOVP_FLAG are set to ‘1’, and INT is asserted low
to alert the host (unless masked by BATOVP_MASK). BATOVP and BATOVP_ALM is disabled when
BATOVP_DIS and BATOVP_ALM_DIS is set to ‘1’.
BATOCP and BATOCP_ALM: The device monitors current through the battery by monitoring the voltage across
the external series battery sense resistor. The differential voltage of this sense resistor is measured on
BATN_SRP and SRN_SYNCIN. The device is intended to be operated within the window formed by the
BATOCP and BATOCP_ALM. When the BATOCP_ALM is reached, an interrupt is sent to the host to reduce the
charge current from reaching the BATOCP threshold. If BATOCP is reached, the Switched Cap or Bypass is
disabled after a deglitch time of tBATOCP and CHG_EN is set to ‘0’, and the start-up sequence must be followed
to resume charging. At the same time, BATOCP_STAT and BATOCP_FLAG are set to ‘1’, and INT is asserted
low to alert the host (unless masked by BATOCP_MASK). BATOCP and BATOCP_ALM is disabled when
BATOCP_DIS and BATOCP_ALM_DIS is set to ‘1’.
VOUTOVP: The device also monitors output voltage between VOUT and ground in case of battery removal to
protect the system. If VOUTOVP is reached and VOUTOVP_DIS=0, the Switched Cap or Bypass is disabled and
CHG_EN is set to ‘0’, and the start-up sequence must be followed to resume charging. At the same time,
VOUTOVP_STAT and VOUTOVP_FLAG is set to ‘1’, and INT is asserted low to alert the host (unless masked
by VOUTOVP_MASK). If VOUTOVP_DIS =1, the protection is disabled.
REGN
RHI
TSBAT_SYNCOUT
RLO
RNTC
BQ25960
The RLO and RHI resistors should be chosen depending on the NTC used. If a 10-kΩ NTC is used, use 10-kΩ
resistors for RLO and RHI. If a 100-kΩ NTC is used, use 100-kΩ resistors for RLO and RHI. The ratio of VTS/
REGN can be from 0% to 50%, and the voltage at the TS pin is determined by the following equation.
1
1 1
( + )
65$75 KN 65$#6 (8) = 406% 4.1 × 84')0
1
4*+ + 1 1
( + )
406% 4.1 (1)
1
1 1
( + )
65$75 KN 65$#6 (%) = 406% 4.1
1
4*+ + 1 1
( + )
406% 4.1 (2)
Additionally, the device measures internal junction temperature, with adjustable threshold TDIE_FLT in
TDIE_FLT register.
If the TSBUS_FLT, TSBAT_FLT, and TDIE_FLT thresholds are reached, the Switched Cap or Bypass Mode is
disabled and CHG_EN is set to ‘0’, and the start-up sequence must be followed to resume charging. The
corresponding STAT and FLAG bit is set to ‘1’ unless it is masked by the MASK bit. If TSBUS, TSBAT, or TDIE
protections are not used, the functions can be disabled in the register by setting the TSBUS_FLT_DIS,
TSBAT_FLT_DIS, or TDIE_FLT_DIS bit to ‘1’.
TSBUS_TSBAT_ALM_STAT and FLAG is set to ‘1’ unless it is masked by corresponding mask bit when one of
the following conditions is met: 1) TSBUS is within 5% of TSBUS_FLT threshold or 2) TSBAT is within of
TSBAT_FLT. If the TSBUS_FLT or TSBAT_FLT is disabled, it will not trigger a TSBUS_TSBAT_ALM interrupt.
Using the TDIE_ALM register, an alarm can be set to notify the host when the device die temperature exceeds a
threshold. The TDIE_ALM_STAT and TDIE_ALM_FLAG bit is set to ‘1’ unless it is masked by TDIE_ALM_MASK
bit. The device will not automatically stop switching when reaching the alarm threshold and the host may decide
on the steps to take to lower the temperature, such as reducing the charge current.
9.3.11 INT Pin, STAT, FLAG, and MASK Registers
The INT pin is an open drain pin that needs to be pulled up to a voltage with a pullup resistor. INT is normally
high and will assert low for tINT when the device needs to alert the host of a fault or status change.
The fields in the STAT registers show the current status of the device, and are updated as the status changes.
The fields in the FLAG registers indicate that the event has occurred, and the field is cleared when read. If the
event persists after the FLAG register has been read and cleared, another INT signal is not sent to prevent host
keep receiving interrupts. The fields in the MASK registers allow the user to disable the interrupt on the INT pin,
but the STAT and FLAG registers are still updated even though INT is not pulled low.
9.3.12 Dual Charger Operation Using Primary and Secondary Modes
For higher power systems, it is possible to use two devices in dual charger configuration. This allows each
device to operate at lower charging current with higher efficiency compared with single device operating at the
same total charging current. The CDRVL_ADDRMS pin is used to configure the functionality of the device as
Standalone, Primary or Secondary during POR. Refer to Section 9.3.13 for proper setting. When configured as a
primary, the TSBAT_SYNCOUT pin functions as SYNCOUT, and the SRN_SYNCIN pin functions as SRN. When
configured as a Secondary, the TSBAT_SYNCOUT pin functions as TSBAT, and the SRN_SYNCIN pin functions
as SYNCIN. ACDRV1 and ACDRV2 are controlled by the primary, and ACDRV1 and ACDRV2 on the secondary
should be grounded. Pull the SYNCIN/SYNCOUT pins to REGN on the primary BQ25960 through a 1-kΩ
resistor. The maximum switching frequency in primary and secondary mode is 500 kHz.
The dual charger can operate in Primary and Secondary Mode in Bypass Mode as well. In both Bypass and
Switched Cap Mode, the current distribution between the two devices depends on loop impedance and the
chargers do not balance it. In order balance the current, the board layout needs to be as symmetrical as
possible.
System
VBUS SYS
Main Charger
GND
BAT
RX
ACDRV2 VAC2 ACDRV2 VAC2 VAC1
BQ25960_Primary BQ25960_Secondary ACDRV1
Adapter VBUS
Host
VBUS
ACDRV1 SDA/ SDA/
Digital Core Digital Core
QB SCL SCL QB
VAC1
PMID PMID
CFH1 CFH1
VOUT VOUT
SC Phase SC Phase
CFLY1 CFLY1
CFL1 #1 #1 CFL1
PMID PMID
CFH2 BATP CFH2
BATP
SC Phase SC Phase
CFLY2 CFLY2
CFL2 #2
Battery
#2 CFL2
BATN_SRP BATN_SRP
CDRVH
CDRVH
Protection 16 bit ADC 16 bit ADC Protection
CDRVL_
CDRVL_
ADDRMS
SRN_SYNCIN ADDRMS
REGN TSBAT_SYNCOUT SRN_SYNCIN
1NŸ
9.4 Programming
The device uses an I2C compatible interface to program and read many parameters. I2C is a 2-wire serial
interface developed by NXP (formerly Philips Semiconductor, see I2C BUS Specification, Version 5, October
2012). The BUS consists of a data line (SDA) and a clock line (SCL) with pullup structures. When the BUS is
idle, both SDA and SCL lines are pulled high. All the I2C compatible devices connect to the I2C BUS through
open drain I/O terminals, SDA and SCL. A master device, usually a microcontroller or digital signal processor,
controls the BUS. The master is responsible for generating the SCL signal and device addresses. The master
also generates specific conditions that indicate the START and STOP of data transfer. A slave device receives
and/or transmits data on the BUS under control of the master device.
The device works as a slave and supports the following data transfer modes, as defined in the I2C BUS™
Specification: standard mode (100 kbps) and fast mode (400 kbps). The interface adds flexibility to the battery
management solution, enabling most functions to be programmed to new values depending on the
instantaneous application requirements. The I2C circuitry is powered from the battery in active battery mode. The
battery voltage must stay above VBATUVLO when no VIN is present to maintain proper operation.
The data transfer protocol for standard and fast modes is exactly the same; therefore, they are referred to as the
F/S-mode in this document. The device only supports 7-bit addressing. The device 7-bit address is determined
by the ADDR pin on the device.
9.4.1 F/S Mode Protocol
The master initiates data transfer by generating a start condition. The start condition is when a high-to-low
transition occurs on the SDA line while SCL is high, as shown in the figure below. All I2C-compatible devices
should recognize a start condition.
DATA
CLK
S P
START Condition STOP Condition
The master then generates the SCL pulses, and transmits the 8-bit address and the read/write direction bit R/W
on the SDA line. During all transmissions, the master ensures that data is valid. A valid data condition requires
the SDA line to be stable during the entire high period of the clock pulse (see Figure 9-11). All devices recognize
the address sent by the master and compare it to their internal fixed addresses. Only the slave device with a
matching address generates and acknowledge (see Figure 9-12) by pulling the SDA line low during the entire
high period of the ninth SCL cycle. Upon detecting this acknowledge, the master knows that communication link
with a slave has been established.
DATA
CLK
Data Output
by Transmitter
Not Acknowledge
Data Output
by Receiver
Acknowledge
SCL From 1 2 8 9
Master
The master generates further SCL cycles to either transmit data to the slave (R/W bit 0) or receive data from the
slave (R/W bit 1). In either case, the receiver needs to acknowledge the data sent by the transmitter. An
acknowledge signal can either be generated by the master or by the slave, depending on which on is the
receiver. The 9-bit valid data sequences consisting of 8-bit data and 1-bit acknowledge can continue as long as
necessary. To signal the end of the data transfer, the master generates a stop condition by pulling the SDA line
from low to high while the SCL line is high (see Figure 9-13). This releases the BUS and stops the
communication link with the addressed slave. All I2C compatible devices must recognize the stop condition.
Upon the receipt of a stop condition, all devices know that the BUS is released, and wait for a start condition
followed by a matching address. If a transaction is terminated prematurely, the master needs to send a STOP
condition to prevent the slave I2C logic from remaining in an incorrect state. Attempting to read data from register
addresses not listed in this section will result in 0xFFh being read out.
Recognize START or Recognize STOP or
REPEATED START REPEATED START
Condition Condition
Generate ACKNOWLEDGE
Signal
SDA
MSB Acknowledgement Sr
Signal From Slave
Address
R/W
SCL
S Sr
or ACK ACK or
Sr P
Complex bit access types are encoded to fit into small table cells. Table 9-8 shows the codes that are used for
access types in this section.
Table 9-8. I2C Access Type Codes
Access Type Code Description
Read Type
R R Read
Write Type
W W Write
Reset or Default Value
-n Value after reset or the default
value
FLAG 2
Table 9-34. REG19_FLAG 2 Register Field Descriptions
Bit Field Type Reset Description
7 BUSOCP_FLAG R 0h BUSOCP Flag
Type : R
POR: 0b
0h = Normal
1h = BUSOCP status changed
6 BUSOCP_ALM_FLAG R 0h BUSOCP_ALM Flag
Type : R
POR: 0b
0h = Normal
1h = BUSOCP_ALM status changed
5 BUSUCP_FLAG R 0h BUSUCP Flag
Type : R
POR: 0b
0h = Normal
1h = BUSUCP status changed
4 BUSRCP_FLAG R 0h BUSRCP Flag
Type : R
POR: 0b
0h = Normal
1h = BUSRCP status changed
3 RESERVED R 0h RESERVED
2 CFLY_SHORT_FLAG R 0h CFLY Short Flag
Type : R
POR: 0b
0h = Normal
1h = CFLY_SHORT status changed
1-0 RESERVED R 0h RESERVED
System
VBUS SYS
Main Charger
GND
BAT
1µF BQ25960
Wireless
ACDRV1 SDA
QB Digital
Core SCL Host
VAC1
PMID /INT
10µF
QCH1 QCH2
CFH1 CFH2
QCL1 22µF
QCL2
CFL1 CFL2
QDL1 100Ÿ
QDL2 Battery
GND BATP
BATN_SRP
Protection 16 bit ADC
2PŸ
SRN_SYNCIN
REGN
10NŸ
REGN
TSBUS
10NŸ 10NŸ 10NŸ
TSBAT_SYNCOUT
CDRVH 10NŸ 10NŸ
220nF
CDRVL_
ADDRMS REGN
75NŸ
4.7µF
System
VBUS SYS
Main Charger
GND
BAT
Optional
PMID INT
10µF
QCH1 QCH2
CFH1 CFH2
QCL1 22µF
QCL2
CFL1 CFL2
QDL1 100Ÿ
QDL2
Battery
GND BATP
BATN_SRP
Protection 16 bit ADC
2PŸ
SRN_SYNCIN
REGN
10NŸ
TSBUS
REGN
10NŸ 10NŸ
10NŸ
TSBAT_SYNCOUT
CDRVH 10NŸ 10NŸ
220nF
CDRVL_
ADDRMS REGN
75NŸ 4.7µF
Figure 10-3. Switched Cap Mode Power Up Figure 10-4. Bypass Mode Power Up
Figure 10-5. Adapter Unplug in Switched Cap Mode Figure 10-6. Adapter Unplug in Bypass Mode
Figure 10-7. VBUSOVP in Switched Cap Mode Figure 10-8. VBUSOVP in Bypass Mode
Figure 10-9. IBUSOCP in Switched Cap Mode Figure 10-10. IBUSOCP in Bypass Mode
Figure 10-11. VBATOVP in Switched Cap Mode Figure 10-12. VBATOVP in Bypass Mode
Figure 10-13. IBATOCP in Switched Cap Mode Figure 10-14. IBATOCP in Bypass Mode
VAC1 and VAC2 short to VBUS, ACDRV1 and ACDRV2 short VAC1 connected to input source, VAC2 short to VBUS,
to ground ACDRV1 active, ACDRV2 short to ground
Figure 10-15. Power Up without AC-RFFET Figure 10-16. Power Up from VAC1 with Single
ACFET1
VAC1 connected to input source 1, VBUS connected to input VAC1 connected to input source 1, VBUS connected to input
source 2, VAC2 short to VBUS, ACDRV1 active, ACDRV2 source 2, VAC2 short to VBUS, ACDRV1 active, ACDRV2
short to ground short to ground
Figure 10-17. Power Up from VAC1 with ACFET1- Figure 10-18. Plugin VAC1 When Device is Power
RBFET1 Up From VBUS with ACFET1-RBFET1
VAC1 connected to input source 1, VAC2 connected to input VAC1 connected to input source 1, VAC2 connected to input
source 2, ACDRV1 and ACDRV2 active source 2, ACDRV1 and ACumDRV2 active
Figure 10-19. Power Up from VAC1 with ACFET1- Figure 10-20. Power Up from VAC2 with ACFET1-
RBFET1 and ACFET2-RBFET2 RBFET1 and ACFET2-RBFET2
12 Layout
CFLY1 CFLY2
0603 0603
CFLY1 CFLY2
0603 0603
1 2 3 4 5 6
Blind via
GND CFL1 VOUT CFH1 PMID VBUS
A
Top Layer
Mid Layer_1
GND CFL2 VOUT CFH2 PMID VBUS
C
Mid Layer_2
CDRVH CFL2 VOUT CFH2 /INT SRN
D
SCL SRP_
CDRVL VAC2 VAC1 TSBAT
E BATN
13.7 Glossary
TI Glossary This glossary lists and explains terms, acronyms, and definitions.
www.ti.com 23-May-2025
PACKAGING INFORMATION
Orderable part number Status Material type Package | Pins Package qty | Carrier RoHS Lead finish/ MSL rating/ Op temp (°C) Part marking
(1) (2) (3) Ball material Peak reflow (6)
(4) (5)
BQ25960YBGR Active Production DSBGA (YBG) | 36 3000 | LARGE T&R Yes SNAGCU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 85 BQ25960
BQ25960YBGR.A Active Production DSBGA (YBG) | 36 3000 | LARGE T&R Yes SNAGCU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 85 BQ25960
BQ25960YBGR.B Active Production DSBGA (YBG) | 36 3000 | LARGE T&R Yes SNAGCU Level-1-260C-UNLIM -40 to 85 BQ25960
(1)
Status: For more details on status, see our product life cycle.
(2)
Material type: When designated, preproduction parts are prototypes/experimental devices, and are not yet approved or released for full production. Testing and final process, including without limitation quality assurance,
reliability performance testing, and/or process qualification, may not yet be complete, and this item is subject to further changes or possible discontinuation. If available for ordering, purchases will be subject to an additional
waiver at checkout, and are intended for early internal evaluation purposes only. These items are sold without warranties of any kind.
(3)
RoHS values: Yes, No, RoHS Exempt. See the TI RoHS Statement for additional information and value definition.
(4)
Lead finish/Ball material: Parts may have multiple material finish options. Finish options are separated by a vertical ruled line. Lead finish/Ball material values may wrap to two lines if the finish value exceeds the maximum
column width.
(5)
MSL rating/Peak reflow: The moisture sensitivity level ratings and peak solder (reflow) temperatures. In the event that a part has multiple moisture sensitivity ratings, only the lowest level per JEDEC standards is shown.
Refer to the shipping label for the actual reflow temperature that will be used to mount the part to the printed circuit board.
(6)
Part marking: There may be an additional marking, which relates to the logo, the lot trace code information, or the environmental category of the part.
Multiple part markings will be inside parentheses. Only one part marking contained in parentheses and separated by a "~" will appear on a part. If a line is indented then it is a continuation of the previous line and the two
combined represent the entire part marking for that device.
Important Information and Disclaimer:The information provided on this page represents TI's knowledge and belief as of the date that it is provided. TI bases its knowledge and belief on information provided by third parties, and
makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of such information. Efforts are underway to better integrate information from third parties. TI has taken and continues to take reasonable steps to provide representative
and accurate information but may not have conducted destructive testing or chemical analysis on incoming materials and chemicals. TI and TI suppliers consider certain information to be proprietary, and thus CAS numbers
and other limited information may not be available for release.
In no event shall TI's liability arising out of such information exceed the total purchase price of the TI part(s) at issue in this document sold by TI to Customer on an annual basis.
Addendum-Page 1
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com 11-Feb-2025
B0 W
Reel
Diameter
Cavity A0
A0 Dimension designed to accommodate the component width
B0 Dimension designed to accommodate the component length
K0 Dimension designed to accommodate the component thickness
W Overall width of the carrier tape
P1 Pitch between successive cavity centers
Sprocket Holes
Q1 Q2 Q1 Q2
Pocket Quadrants
Pack Materials-Page 1
PACKAGE MATERIALS INFORMATION
www.ti.com 11-Feb-2025
Width (mm)
H
W
Pack Materials-Page 2
PACKAGE OUTLINE
YBG0036 SCALE 6.000
DSBGA - 0.5 mm max height
DIE SIZE BALL GRID ARRAY
B E A
BALL A1
CORNER
C
0.5 MAX
SEATING PLANE
0.20 BALL TYP 0.05 C
0.14
2 TYP
SYMM
2
TYP D
SYMM
4224846/A 03/2019
NOTES:
1. All linear dimensions are in millimeters. Any dimensions in parenthesis are for reference only. Dimensioning and tolerancing
per ASME Y14.5M.
2. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
www.ti.com
EXAMPLE BOARD LAYOUT
YBG0036 DSBGA - 0.5 mm max height
DIE SIZE BALL GRID ARRAY
(0.4) TYP
36X ( 0.23)
1 2 3 4 5 6
A
(0.4) TYP
C
SYMM
SYMM
EXPOSED ( 0.23)
SOLDER MASK EXPOSED SOLDER MASK
OPENING METAL METAL OPENING
SOLDER MASK
NON-SOLDER MASK DEFINED
DEFINED
(PREFERRED)
SOLDER MASK DETAILS
NOT TO SCALE
4224846/A 03/2019
NOTES: (continued)
3. Final dimensions may vary due to manufacturing tolerance considerations and also routing constraints.
See Texas Instruments Literature No. SNVA009 (www.ti.com/lit/snva009).
www.ti.com
EXAMPLE STENCIL DESIGN
YBG0036 DSBGA - 0.5 mm max height
DIE SIZE BALL GRID ARRAY
(0.4) TYP
36X ( 0.25)
(R0.05) TYP
1 2 3 4 5 6
A
(0.4) TYP
C
SYMM
METAL
TYP D
SYMM
4224846/A 03/2019
NOTES: (continued)
4. Laser cutting apertures with trapezoidal walls and rounded corners may offer better paste release.
www.ti.com
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