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Anatomy 5

The document provides a historical overview of key contributors to the science of anatomy, detailing their contributions and periods. It highlights figures like Hippocrates, who introduced the humoral theory, and Vesalius, known as the Father of Anatomy. The text emphasizes the evolution of anatomical understanding from ancient times to modern discoveries, including the structure of DNA.

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anirban das
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28 views1 page

Anatomy 5

The document provides a historical overview of key contributors to the science of anatomy, detailing their contributions and periods. It highlights figures like Hippocrates, who introduced the humoral theory, and Vesalius, known as the Father of Anatomy. The text emphasizes the evolution of anatomical understanding from ancient times to modern discoveries, including the structure of DNA.

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anirban das
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Introduction and History of Anatomy Table 1.1 Contributors to the science of anatomy: historical perspective Contributor, Menes Sushruta Hippocrates Aristotle Herophilus Galen Leonardo da Vinci Vesalius Harvey Leeuwenhoek Malpighi Robert Hooke Schleiden and Schwan John Hunter Mendel Réentgen Henry Gray ‘Watson and Crick Fig. 1.3 Hippocrates. Period About $400 BC [About 1000 BC About 460-377 384-322 BC, About 325 BC ‘AD 130-201 1452-1519, 1514-1564 1578-1657 1632-1723, 1628-1694 1665, 1838-1839) 1728-1793 1822-1884 1995, 1827-1861 1953, Contribution Wrote the first anatomy manual Recorded weight of tongue and length ofthe intestine Hippocratic oath, Called the Father of Medicine ‘Comparative anatomist, fist recorded illustration of anatomy, weote frst ever account of embryology Remarkable work on nervous system. Recognized brain as the center of| nervous system and the site of intelligence ‘Most influential writer of al time on medical subjects including anatomy Drew outstanding anatomical sketches Made wax cast of ventricles ofthe brain Refuted misconceptions of Galen. Authored De humani corporis fabrea. Called the Father of Anatomy Demonstrated motion of blood in heart and vessels Refined microscope, Described cells and tissues Regarded as the Father of Histology CCoined the term ‘cll Formulated Cell Theory [Esablished Hunterian museums in London, Discovered Hunter's canal Regarded as the Father of Genetics Discovered x-rays ‘Authored the most accepted book on anatomy tiled Gray's Anatomy Discovered the structure of DNA ‘medical practice that he had established, His name is memo- rialized in the Hippocratic oath, which the graduating stu- dents take before entering into medical practice. Hippocrates had a limited exposure to human dissection, but he was well disciplined in proclaiming his popular theory of body organization called the humoral theory. According to this theory four body humors (ie. four elements of body fluids) form the physiologic and pathologic basis of health and disease. These humors are blood, phlegm, yellow bile and black bile, He associated these humors with a particular body organ, viz. blood with the liver, yellow bile with the gallbladder, phlegm with the lungs and black bile with the spleen. A healthy person was thought to have balance of these four humors. The concept of humors has long since been discarded, but it had dominated medical thought for over 2000 years. Perhaps the greatest contribution of Hippocrates ‘was that he attributed diseases to natural causes than to the displeasure of Gods. His application of logic and reason to

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