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5. Site Overview

I. Metrological & Solar Radiation Resource Assessment

The proposed project site is situated in DIHIYA in REWA district of the MADHYA
PRADESH State in India. The nearest meteorological station for solar data is in DIHIYA. In
this exercise, solar data for “Global solar Irradiance (GHI) "is taken from PVGIS TMY. Global
solar irradiance for the proposed site is 1959.8 kWh/m2 from PVsyst 8.0.4 software.

Sun-path Diagram (Source: Meteonorm 8.2)

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Monthly Average Daily Values (Average, Maximum, Minimum) of

Climatic Parameters for Site

(Source: Meteonorm 8.2)

II. Working Principle of a PV Plant:

As photons of light hit the solar modules, the electron inside the semiconductor gets
excited and reach to conduction band resulting into a direct current electricity (DC). The
direct current flows from the panels and is converted into alternating current (AC) by PCU
and then used by local electric utilities.

III. PV Modules:
I. Solar photo voltaic module array consists of high efficiency 550Wp solar modules
utilizing Monocrystalline high-power Silicon Solar Photovoltaic cells.
II. Solar module shall be laminated using lamination technology established polymer
(EVA) and Telaar / Polyester laminate. Anti-reflection coating to be applied on to cells
improve light absorption and to increase cell performance.
III. Modules are made of high transmissivity>4mm tempered glass, front surface
giving high encapsulation gain and hot butyl rubber edge sealant for module
protection and mechanical support.
IV. Offered modules are in accordance with the requirements of IEC 61215, IEC 61730
Part 1 & 2 and IEC 61701/IS61701.

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V. Module Junction box is IP65 has been designed for long life outdoor operation in
harsh environment.
VI. Efficiency of solar PV Module is guaranteed to 90% for up to 10 years & 80% for up
to 25 years. Fill factor of modules are greater than 0.70.
VII. PV modules are equipped with bypass diode to minimize power drop caused by
shades.
VIII. PV modules have been designed with suitable encapsulation and sealing
arrangements to protect the silicon cells from the environment. The arrangement and
the material of encapsulation are compatible with the thermal expansion
properties of the Silicon cells and the module framing arrangement/material. It
has low iron tempered glass front for strength and superior light transmission. The
back sheet has been suitably designed for environment protection against moisture and
high voltage electrical insulation.
IX. PV modules have been designed for maximum system voltage of 1500-V DC and
have positive output power tolerance.
X. Identification & Traceability: Each PV module is provided with RF identification
tag (RFID) which contains the following information:
a. Name of manufacturer of PV Module.
b. Name of manufacturer of Solar cell.
c. Month & Year of Manufacture (separately for solar cells & module)
d. Country of origin
e. I-V curve for the module.
f. Peak wattage, Im, Vm & FF for the module.
g. Unique serial No. & Model No. of the module.
h. Date & Year of obtaining IEC PV module qualification certificate.
i. Name of the test lab issuing IEC certificates
j. Other relevant information on traceability of Solar cells & module as per ISO
9000 series.

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Solar PV Module Data Sheet

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XI. Module Mounting Structure (MMS):

a. The structure design is appropriate and innovative. It is with provision of seasonal tilt to
maximize the generation.
b. Tilt is kept at 25 degree in winter and 5 degree in summer with respect to horizontal
to get the optimum generation the structure shall be designed to allow easy
replacement of any module and shall be in line with the site requirements.
c. Design drawings with material selected and their standards shall be submitted for prior
approval.
d. MMS shall be designed in order to withstand wind speed applicable for the zone
(Site Location) using relevant Indian wind load codes.
e. The structure is to be designed with considering appropriate factor of safety.
Detailed design and calculation for the structure shall be submitted within 30 days
from issue of NTP.
f. The array structure is so designed that it will occupy minimum space without
sacrificing the output from SPV panels at the same time.
g. The array structure shall be made of Hot Dip Galvanized (80micron galvanization
thickness) Column Post & pre-galvanized other members of suitable sizes.
h. All fasteners shall be of stainless steel of grade SS 304 and shall sustain the
adverse climatic conditions and long life.

MMS Images for Reference:

Image-01

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Image-02

Image-03

XII. Power Conditioning Unit (PCU):

SUNGROW Make SG320HX-20 A Model, 7 in number is proposed to be used in this

project. As per Data Sheet provided the salient points are noted:
a. Multi MPPT String Inverter for 2000V DC
b. Compatible with 550Wp+ Modules
c. Max. Efficiency 99%
d. Compliant to EN 62109-1/-2, IEC 62109-1/-2, EN 50530, IEC 62116, IEC 62910, IEC 60068,
IEC 61683, IEC 61727, BIS approval is exempted for inverter.
e. IP66 + C5 Anti corrosion compatible
f. Compatible with Global Safety and STRING code
g. Warranty 5 Years by Sungrow (For the balance period extended warranty will have to be
taken from EPC contractor as per cost & policy of manufacturer)
h. These Inverters are appropriate for the purpose of small size projects.

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PCU General Parameters:

PCU Performance Curve:

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PCU Data Sheet:

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XIII. Transformer:

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XIV. Lightening Arrestor:

The source of over voltage can be lightning or other atmospheric disturbance. Main
aim of over voltage protection is to reduce the over voltage to a safe level before it reaches
the PV or other sub-system components as per NFC 17 – 102. ESE type lightening
arrester shall be placed at strategic locations to protect the plant from lightening and
shall not cause any shadow on the solar modules to get Level-I protection class.

XV. HT/VCB Panel:

The VCB Panel consists of following:

a. 11KV 630A 25 kA Vacuum Circuit Breaker with Spring Charging Motor, Motor Closing
Coil, Tripping Coil, Spring Charging Handle, Operation Counter along with Aux.
contacts 6NO+6NC
b. Breaker Control Switch 25A
c. Digital Multi-function Meter with import-export feature & RS485 of accuracy class
0.2s.
d. 3Phase Digital Ammeter with accuracy CLASS-0.5
e. 3Phase Digital Voltmeter with accuracy CLASS-0.5
f. 150/5A CL-0.2 10VA Indoor Resin Cast CT (CORE-I FOR METERING) & 150/5A CL-
5P20, 10VA Indoor Resin Cast CT (CORE-II FOR PROTECTION)
g. Potential transformer 11KV/√3/110/√3, CL-0.2 ,100VA FIXED TYPE &
11kV/√3/110/√3, CL-3P ,100VA FIXED TYPE
h. Micro Controller Based IDMT Relay 3OC+1EF ,1A - AUX SUPPLY 110VDC
i. Master trip Relay 110VDC with 3NO+2NC

XVI. LT Breakers:
The 800V switchgear shall meet the following design criteria: -

a. The continuous current rating of main bus bar and that of the incomer breaker
shall cater for the full capacity of the associated incomer feeder and/or the
incomer transformer with a 20% margin.
b. The continuous current rating of the outgoing breaker shall cater for the rated
load with a margin of 20%.
c. The main buses and bus connection shall be of high conductivity copper/ aluminium
alloy, sized for specified current ratings.

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d. The fault rating of the switchgear shall exceed the contributions from all sources
including from the connected drive motors, with a margin of at least 20% and
shall withstand for a period of one (1) second.

XVII. DC Cables:

Solar DC Cable Data Sheet

S. No. Particulars Value

1 Applicable Standard AS PER EN-50618/2014

2 Type of Cable Solar DC Cable

3 Voltage Grade 1500V

4 No. of Cores 1
5 Conductor Material Fine Wire Strands Annesled Tinned Copper
4 sqmm/6sqmm (wherever Y connector is
6 Conductor Nominal Size used)
7 Conductor Shape Flexible (CLASS - 5) As Per IEC 60228:2004

8 No. of Strands 56
Electron Beam Cross Linked Co-Polymer
9 Insulation Material
Halogen Free (XLPO (POLYOLEFIN))
10 Insulation Nominal Thickness 0.7mm

11 Outer Sheath Thickness 0.8mm

12 Overall diameter of cable 6mm

Max.conductor temperature at rated
13 90 degree C
current
Max.conductor temperature at the end of
14 250 degree C
short circuit
15 Operating Temperature -40 to +120 degree C

16 Service life 25 yrs.

17 Current Rating in air 55A

18 Current Rating when Single cable on surface 52A

Current Rating when Two cables adjecent
19 44A
on surface

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XVIII. AC Cables:
In general, conductors shall be insulated on the basis of a normal maximum
conductor temperature of 70°C for PVC insulation, 85°C for HR PVC insulation and 90°C
for XLPE insulation in 50°C ambient air with max overload temperature of 95°C for PVC and
130°C for XLPE and a short-circuit temperature of 160°C for PVC and 250°C for XLPE
insulation. In areas with higher ambient temperatures, larger conductors shall be used
or higher temperature rated insulation shall be selected. Conductor size and ampacity
shall be coordinated with circuit protective devices.
i. HT and LT power cables shall be selected on the basis of current carrying capacity,
short circuit rating and permissible voltage drop.
ii. While sizing power cables, following aspects shall be reckoned:
a. Ground/Ambient Air temperature
b. No. of cables in trays (Grouping Factor)
c. Aging Factor
d. Temperature Factor
e. Depth of Laying
f. Power Cables touching each other
iii. LT Cable is selected such that voltage drop is <=2%.
iv. HT Cable will be 11kV (UE) type of Aluminium XLPE
v. Type test Report & Datasheet of each cables shall be submitted for approval.

XIX. Data Monitoring of Power Plant:

a. The plant shall be automatically operated and shall be controlled by microprocessor-
based control system SCADA and shall be Open Platform Communications (OPC)
complaint.
b. The SCADA will be string level monitoring compatible and shall have feature of
remote access to the real time data.
c. The SCADA system shall gather data from inverter and sensors of solar
insolation, temperature and other weather sensors.
d. The SCADA will be compatible to the requirements of measuring Performance Ratio
(PR) of the plant.
e. SCADA shall have the feature to be integrated with local system as well remotely via
the web using either standard modem or a GSM/WIFI modem.

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XX. Grid Connection:

At this site solar power will be generated at 800V LT level, which shall be step-up to
11000V and terminated to the nearest sub-station. The voltage variation in various power
supply system shall be ±10%.

XXI. Earthing System:

f. Each array structure of the PV yard should be grounded/ earthed properly as per
IS: 3043-1987.
g. In addition, the lighting arrester/masts should also be provided inside the array field.
h. Provision should be kept for shorting and grounding of the PV array at the time
of maintenance work.
i. All metal casing/shielding of the plant should be thoroughly grounded in accordance
with Indian Electricity Act/IE Rules.
j. Earth Electrode shall be made of copper bonded steel of minimum 250-micron Cu
coating.
k. Earth electrode shall be of 3m length and 17.2mm diameter.
l. It shall be ensured that all the earthing points are bonded together to make them
at the same potential.
m. The earthing conductor shall be rated for the maximum short circuit current and shall
be 1.56 times the short circuit current. The area of cross-section of conductor shall
not be less than 1.6 sq.mm in any case. GI strip of minimum size 3 mm x 25 mm
shall be used for carrying earthing connection.

XXII. Site Security:

The proposed solar power plant is ground mounted and is in an open area, location should
have security surveillance as there are chances of components getting damaged or stolen.
Shall make all the arrangements to ensure security of the components.

XXIII. Service/ Warranty Conditions:

The warranty & service conditions of each components used in the power plant is
same as per the conditions given by the manufacturer.

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XXIV.Plant Design Parameters:

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XXV. Generation Report:

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XXVI.Performance Ratio & Generation Pattern:

Performance ratio for an installed solar power plant should be a minimum of 75%.
With reference to PVSyst reports, the proposed power plants have a performance ratio of
75% (i.e. difference of performance ratio & % loss due to shading).

25 Yrs. Estimation

NOTES:
The 1st year generation as per P90 value is 4080000 kWh as
simulated in the PVSyst.
There will be YoY degradation of 0.40% from second years onwards
as described in the datasheet of solar module.

As shown in the table, generation for 10th year would be 3830000

kWh while for 15th year would be 3698000 kWh.

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XXVII. Basic Financial Analysis:

XXVIII. Topographical Survey: NOT AVAILABLE

XXIX.Soil Survey Report: NOT AVAILABLE

XXX. PV Array Layout: NOT AVAILABLE

XXXI.About the Land:

The Proposed site is located in Village DIHIYA. district of REWA and state of Madhya
Pradesh. This site is found suitable for installing a solar PV plant in terms of land terrain,
soil and site topography. The area is surrounded by bushes and small trees which need to
be cleaned.
Sub-station is 5km away from this site and solar plant shall be terminated with
existing Bus bar of 11 kV in sub-station.

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XXXII. Operation & Maintenance:

i) Operation of the Plant:
The proposed 2 MW solar power plant automatically starts generating power during
sunshine hours. During non-sunshine hours the PCU will automatically enter sleep mode.
This will ensure that solar power generated is consumed (the solar power system
requires a ‘circuit’ (reference voltage) to supply its power. Power generated solar system
is used for conservation of electrical energy (power generated through fossil fuels) and
utilization of power during shortage timings.
ii) Plant Maintenance:
o Comprehensive Maintenance Contract for the solar power plant shall be provided
for a period of 25 years.
o Daily Monitoring & Data Logging of Energy Generation.
o Deputation of qualified and experienced engineers & supervisors to the site.
o Conduction of periodic checking, testing, overhauling, preventive and corrective
actions.
o Supply and use of spares and consumables throughout the maintenance period

XXXIII. Required Permits and Licenses:

Following Permits and Licenses may be required (all or partly) for setting this Power
Plant:
o Forest Department NOC: For cutting of trees at the site.
o DISCOM Approval: For Grid Connectivity and Bay Construction.
o CEIG (Chief Electrical Inspector to Government of State) Approval: For
Commissioning of Solar PV Plant.
o ROW Clearance: For any local issues in transmission line etc.
o Electrical Contractor License: For Execution of Project.

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XXXIV. Risk Management:

Risk Identification and Management is required to ensure least number of surprises
during project. A simple and streamlined risk management process can be applied to
minimize the impact of uncertainties which result into successful project completion.

Risk
Identification

Documentation Risk Evaluation

Risk Controlling Risk Handling

01. Project Development Risk

Likelihood
S. Impact Risk
Risk Classification of
No. of Threat Rating
Threat
Delay in Construction (Time
1 Medium High Medium
over-run)

2 Local residents’ issue / opposition Medium Medium Medium

Statutory and Environmental

3 Low High Low
clearances

4 Permission from Security Force Low High Low

Licensing, Commissioning and

5 Low Medium Low
Approval

6 Procurement delay / issues Low High Low

7 Environmental and Social Low Low Low

8 Project allotment to Developer Low High Low

9 Availability of land Low High Low

10 Labour Issue Medium High Medium

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02. Business Risk

Likelihood
S. Impact Risk
Risk Classification of
No. of Threat Rating
Threat

1 Change in Government policy Low Medium Low

2 Design Risk High High Medium

3 Force Majeure Events Medium High Medium

Recruiting and retaining

4 Medium Medium Medium
Competent manpower

5 Inability to attract investors Medium High Low

6 Nearness to International Border Low High Low

03. Operational Risk

Likelihood
S. Impact Risk
Risk Classification of
No. of Threat Rating
Threat

1 Operation and Maintenance Low High Low

2 Incidents of theft Low High Low

3 Availability of Water Low High Low

4 Labor availability Low High Low

5 Plant Performance Management Low Medium Low

04. Financial Risk

Likelihood
S. Impact Risk
Risk Classification of
No. of Threat Rating
Threat

1 Cost inflation (Cost overrun) Medium Medium Low

2 Increase in finance cost Low Low Low

3 PPA Low High Low

4 Timely Pay-out from Authority Medium High Medium

5 Counter party payment risks Medium High Medium

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05. Technical Risk (Plant Location)

Likelihood
S. Impact Risk
Risk Classification of
No. of Threat Rating
Threat
Technological climate
1 Medium High Medium
change adequacy

2 Flood and storm risks Low High Low

Estimation of effective solar

3 Low High Low
radiation

4 Earthworks Low High Low

5 Earthquake Low Medium Low

6 Geotechnical study Low High Low

06. Technical Risk (PV Technology)

Likelihood
S. Impact Risk
Risk Classification of
No. of Threat Rating
Threat
1 New PV solar power systems Low Low Low
2 PV cell selection Low Low Low

3 Inverters selection Low Low Low

4 Support panels structure selection Low High Low

5 Connection to the electric grid Low Medium Low
6 Plant Performance Medium Medium Medium

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07. Economic Risk

Likelihood
S. Impact Risk
Risk Classification of
No. of Threat Rating
Threat

1 Connection to electric grid costs Low High Low

Possibility of constructing the

2 Low High Low
power connection infrastructure

3 Construction license Low Low Low

08. Social Risk

Likelihood
S. Impact Risk
Risk Classification of
No. of Threat Rating
Threat

1 Social acceptance Low Medium Low

Depletion / Disruption of Local

2 Low Medium Low
Water Resources

3 Land Traffic and Transportation Low Low Low

The above risk’s structure will be the basis for future research that develops the stages of
risk management for the construction project, such as risk assessment, risk response
and risks monitoring and control throughout the project life cycle.

XXXV. Conclusion & Environmental Impact:

This ground mounted project installed at DIHIYA, TEEKAR, REWA, Madhya
Pradesh is of 2 MW which will be generating 4080000 kWh electricity in the first
year.

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6. Project Implementation Schedule

• Allotment of Site
• Time required 1 month
Land Handover

• Preparation of Detailed Project Report including technical feasibility of the project

prepared.
• Required time is 06 working days
DPR

• Designing of complete PV plant

• Taking approval on design documents
• Required time for this stage is 1 month.
Design

• Once design is finalised and approved, procurement starts

Procurement • vendor selection, BOM, BOQ, order placing, follow-ups of delivery to site/warehouse.
• Estimated time for this step is 1 month.

• After the processing of procurement, first civil construction at the site starts for PV
mounting structure set-up and control-room, administrative building. Finishing the civil
works, PV installation & all electrical construction works including the Grid Evacuation will
be processed.
Construction
• Estimated time for this whole work is 2 months.

• Commissioning of the plant by authorized govt. body or certified 3rd party will be done
followed by Completion of project execution.
• Required time is 15 working days
Commissioning

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7. Tentative BOM

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