UNIVERSIDAD AUTONOMA DE NUEVO LEON
FACULTAD DE CONTADURIA PUBLICA Y ADMINISTRACION
FUNDAMENTOS DE LA COMERCIALIZACION
2.1 - Matriz de clasificación (o cuadro comparativo) de los
procesos de integración y cooperación comercial entre México y
otros países.
Lic. en Negocios Internacionales
EQUIPO No. 8
Semestre: 1° Grupo: 1EI
Mtra: ALEMAN DEL CASTILLO ALMA ALEJANDRA
INTEGRANTES:
Usuario Nombre
2171649 CUEVAS GALINDO HECTOR EMILIO
2094874 DIAZ RODRIGUEZ RICARDO
2160024 FERNANDEZ CASTAÑO JESUS ISSAC
2154485 HERNANDEZ HERNANDEZ MARELY
2273230 MORALES TAMEZ FELIPE JESUS
2148157 URIBE LOPEZ BYRON ALEXANDER
Cuidad Universitaria, 22 de marzo de 2025
Introduction
In the current global economy, trade integration and cooperation processes play a
crucial role in shaping market economies. Mexico, as an active participant in
international trade, has established numerous Free Trade Agreements (FTAs) that
facilitate economic exchanges with various countries. These agreements contribute
to the formation of trade blocs, influence tariff policies, and establish regulatory
frameworks that promote commercial relations.
This analysis will compare the trade relationships Mexico maintains through its FTAs,
highlighting the advantages and disadvantages of these agreements. Key aspects
such as tariff reduction, market access, and economic impact will be examined to
understand how Mexico benefits from or faces challenges within these trade
frameworks. Additionally, current trends in global trade, the role of commercial blocs,
and the evolution of tariff policies will be explored to provide a comprehensive view
of Mexico's position in international commerce.
Comparative table of international trade relations
Country Advantages Disadvantages Tariff Elimination
USMCA Economic dependence -Immediate or
(USA and It allows access to on the US, strict labor gradual tariff
Canada) the world's largest and environmental elimination for
market, productive requirements, and most products.
integration in the unequal competition in - Exceptions for
automotive sector, some sectors. sensitive sectors
and open agricultural like dairy and
negotiations. sugar.
European Access to a high- Competition with high- - Progressive tariff
Union income market, quality European elimination over
Export products, impact on 5-10 years.
diversification, and small-scale agriculture, - Exceptions for
Attracting European and non-tariff barriers agricultural and
investment. (technical regulations). fishery products.
Japan Access to advanced Smuggling, competition - Immediate tariff
technology and also with high-tech elimination for
opportunities to Japanese products, 90% of products.
export agro-industrial and difficulty - Exceptions for
products.. penetrating the rice and sensitive
Japanese market. goods.
CPTPP Access to dynamic Unequal competition, - Gradual tariff
(Asia- markets such as Competition with elimination for
Pacific) Australia, Singapore countries with cheap most products.
and Vietnam, labor from Vietnam and - Exceptions for
geographic expropriation of sensitive sectors
diversification and indigenous like dairy and
elimination of trade communities. textiles.
barriers
Pacific Free movement of Lack of industry, - Immediate tariff
Alliance goods, services, smaller markets elimination for
(Chile, capital, and people, compared to the US or 92% of products.
Colombia, regional integration, EU, dependence on - Exceptions for
Peru) and ease of raw materials. sensitive products
exporting like sugar.
manufactured and
agricultural products.
Mercosur Access to South Lack of adaptation to - Gradual tariff
(Argentina American markets, the new economy, elimination over
, Brazil, opportunities in the economic instability in 10-15 years.
Paraguay, agricultural and some countries, and - Exceptions for
Uruguay) automotive sectors, non-tariff barriers. sensitive products
investment like textiles and
opportunities footwear.
GROUP CONCLUSION
As a team, we conclude that the Classification Matrix of Integration and Commercial
Cooperation Processes between Mexico and other countries serves as a vital tool
for understanding the dynamics of international trade. This framework highlights the
importance of strategic partnerships, such as those fostered through agreements
like the USMCA, and their role in promoting economic growth. By leveraging
Mexico's global connections, we can identify opportunities for innovation, diversify
trade markets, and enhance competitiveness on the world stage. Our collective
analysis reinforces the need for continued collaboration and adaptation to ensure
sustainable and inclusive development.
INDIVIDUAL CONCLUSION
2148157 URIBE LÓPEZ BYRON ALEXANDER
Mexico's participation in multiple Free Trade Agreements has significantly shaped its
economic landscape, fostering stronger trade relationships and increasing market
access. The reduction of tariffs and regulatory frameworks established through these
agreements have enhanced competitiveness, attracted foreign investment, and
diversified export markets. However, challenges such as dependency on certain
economies, trade imbalances, and the need to comply with complex regulations
remain key considerations.
As global trade continues to evolve, Mexico must adapt to emerging trends,
strengthen its position within trade blocs, and leverage its FTAs to maximize
economic benefits. A balanced approach that mitigates risks while capitalizing on
opportunities will be essential for sustaining long-term growth and economic stability
in the international market.
2154485 HERNANDEZ HERNANDEZ MARELY
Free trade agreements have been fundamental to Mexico's global economy,
allowing it to diversify its markets and attract investment. Although they also present
challenges, tariff reductions have facilitated trade, but they require Mexico to
strengthen its competitiveness to take full advantage of these agreements. Mexico
has much to overcome: its dependence on the US, the inequalities it suffers, and its
border barriers.
2171649 CUEVAS GALINDO HÉCTOR EMILIO
The Classification Matrix of Integration and Commercial Cooperation Processes
between Mexico and other countries highlights the strategic importance of
international trade agreements in fostering economic growth and competitiveness.
By analyzing key partnerships, such as those with the United States, Canada, and
Japan, the matrix underscores Mexico's commitment to strengthening global trade
relations. This approach not only enhances market access but also promotes
innovation and diversification, ensuring sustainable development in an increasingly
interconnected world.
2273230 MORALES TAMEZ FELIPE JESÚS
The Classification Matrix of Integration and Commercial Cooperation Processes of
Mexico demonstrates the strategic importance of international trade agreements for
the country's economic development. The analysis of relationships with key partners
such as the United States, Canada, and Japan confirms Mexico's successful
positioning in global trade. This strategy has expanded access to international markets
and boosted innovation and national competitiveness. However, challenges persist,
such as balancing trade relationships and ensuring equitable benefits, aspects that
should guide Mexico's future trade policy in an increasingly dynamic global
environment.
2094874- DIAZ RODRIGUEZ RICARDO
The comparison of Mexico’s trade integration and cooperation with other countries
shows the country's strategic efforts to strengthen its global economic ties.
Agreements like USMCA, the Pacific Alliance, and deals with the EU and Asia-Pacific
highlight Mexico’s commitment to open markets and regional collaboration. While
each partnership offers different levels of integration, all contribute to Mexico’s trade
diversification and economic growth. Moving forward, adapting to global changes and
deepening key alliances will be essential for sustained development and
competitiveness.
2160024- JESUS ISSAC FERNANDEZ
Free trade agreements have been a key pillar in Mexico's integration into the global
economy, allowing it to diversify its markets and strengthen its competitiveness. While
these agreements have facilitated trade and fostered foreign investment, they also
present challenges such as dependency on certain trading partners and the need to
comply with complex regulations.
To fully leverage these agreements, Mexico must continue developing strategies that
promote innovation, reduce inequalities, and strengthen its position in international
trade. A balanced and adaptive approach will be crucial to ensuring sustainable growth
in an increasingly dynamic economic environment.
REFERENCE
• International Trade Centre (ITC). (n.d.). Trade Map. Retrieved October
2023, from https://www.trademap.org
• Jovanović, M. N. (2006). Trade liberalization and economic integration in
Latin America. Routledge.
• Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD). (n.d.).
Trade: Mexico. Retrieved October 2023, from https://www.oecd.org/trade/
• Pacific Alliance. (n.d.). Official website. Retrieved October 2023, from
https://alianzapacifico.net/en/
• United Nations. (n.d.). UN Comtrade Database. Retrieved October 2023,
from https://comtrade.un.org
• U.S. Trade Representative (USTR). (n.d.). United States-Mexico-Canada
Agreement (USMCA). Retrieved October 2023, from https://ustr.gov/trade-
agreements/free-trade-agreements/united-states-mexico-canada-agreement
• World Bank. (n.d.). Mexico: Trade briefs. Retrieved October 2023, from
https://www.worldbank.org/en/country/mexico
