1

1 The diagram shows an animal.

body

Using the key, which animal is it?

body divided body not divided

into visible segments into visible segments

tail tail legs legs

present absent 3 pairs 4 pairs

animal animal animal animal

A B C D
[1]

[Total: 1]

2 The diagram shows four arthropods.

Which arthropod is an insect?

A B C D

[1]

[Total: 1]
 2

3 The diagram shows an arthropod.

Using the key, identify this arthropod.

1 body segments clearly visible .......................... go to 2

body segments not visible................................ go to 4
2 body with many segments................................ go to 3
body with three distinct parts............................ go to 4
3 antennae longer than the legs.......................... A
antennae shorter than the legs.......................... B
4 three pairs of legs............................................... C
more than three pairs of legs............................. D

[1]

[Total: 1]

4 The diagram below shows an arthropod that is a parasite that can live on humans.
 3

(a) (i) Make a large labelled drawing of the part of the parasite in the rectangle.

[4]
(ii) Name the group of arthropods to which this animal belongs.

Give a reason for your answer.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [2]
 4

[Total: 6]

5 Myriapods are a group of arthropods that are commonly found in soil habitats in many parts of the
world. Many myriapods are very small and not easy to identify.

The diagram below shows four species of myriapod, not drawn to the same scale.

Polydesmus Cylindroiulus Scutigera Scolopocryptops

denticulatus punctatus coleoptrata sexspinosus

(a) State three features of all myriapods that are visible in the myriapods above.

1.........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

2.........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

3......................................................................................................................................... [3]
 5

(b) Describe three features of myriapods that could be used to make a dichotomous key to
distinguish between the four species shown above.

1.........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

2.........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

3.........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [3]

[Total: 6]

6 The diagram below shows the nematode, Caenorhabditis elegans.

 6

(a) State the genus of this nematode.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Nematodes feed on dead and decaying material.

Explain why this gives nematodes an important role in ecosystems.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [3]

[Total: 4]
 7

7 The diagram below shows five molluscs. They all live in the sea or on the shore.

A C E

B D

Use this key to identify these molluscs.

Shell has one part Go to 2

1
Shell has two parts C. edule
Shell has a hole in the top F. aperta
2
Shell does not have a hole in the top Go to 3
Shell is narrow, with an obvious point C. australis
3
Shell is rounded with no obvious point Go to 4
Shell is plain, with no pattern L. Littorea
4
Shell is patterned T. regina

Write your answers in the Table below.

mollusc name
A
B
C
D
E

[4]

[Total: 4]

8 The diagram below shows four insects.

 8

A B C D

(a) State one feature of the insects shown above, that is characteristic of this group.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) Use the key to identify the four insects.

Write the name of each insect in the correct box in the Table below the key.

key name of insect

1 (a) body has stripes go to 2
(b) body has no stripes go to 3

2 (a) head is long and narrow Otiorhynchus

(b) head is wide and rounded Leptinotarsa

3 (a) antennae are longer than width of head Lilioceris

(b) antennae are shorter than width of head Coccinella

insect name of insect

A
B
C
D

[3]

[Total: 4]
 9

9 The diagram below shows five different mammals.

They are not drawn to the same scale.

A B

C D

Use the key to identify the mammals shown.

key
 10

name of mammal

1 (a) has ears more than half the length of the head O. cuniculus
(b) has ears less than half the length of the head go to 2

2 (a) has fur on tail all one colour go to 3

(b) has fur on tip of tail a different colour to the rest of tail fur go to 4

3 (a) has webbed feet ( skin between the toes) M. vison

(b) does not have webbed feet ( no skin between the toes) M.leucurus

4 (a) has white fur on the end of the tail V. vulpes

(b) has black fur on the end of the tail M. erminea

Complete the table below by writing the names of the five mammals.

mammal name of mammal

[4]

[Total: 4]
 11

10 The photograph below shows a species of bacterium, Lactobacillus bulgaricus.

List two features that distinguish bacteria from other groups of organisms.

1 ................................................................................................................................................

2 ................................................................................................................................................ [2]

[Total: 2]
 12

11 Below is a diagram of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

cell membrane of host

Y cell

Name the parts of the virus labelled X and Y.

X ..............................................................................................................................................

Y .............................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

12 State three ways in which the structure of bacteria differs from the structure of viruses.

1 ................................................................................................................................................

2 ................................................................................................................................................

3 ................................................................................................................................................ [3]

[Total: 3]

13 Yeast, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, is a single-celled fungus.

State one reason why yeast is classified as a fungus and not as a bacterium.

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

14 The bacterium, Lactobacillus bulgaricus, are added to milk to make yoghurt.

The graph below shows the changes in a population of L. bulgaricus during fermentation to make
yoghurt.
 13

number of
living bacterial
cells

time

(a) (i) Name the stages shown on the graph above. Write your answers in the boxes on the
graph. [4]
(ii) Explain why the population of L. bulgaricus does not continue to increase during the
fermentation to make yoghurt.

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................

................................................................................................................................ [2]

(b) The curve shown in the graph is a sigmoid population growth curve.

Define the term growth.

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

...........................................................................................................................................

........................................................................................................................................... [2]

[Total: 8]
 14

15 Define the term excretion.

.........................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

.........................................................................................................................................................

[Total: 3]
 15

16 The diagram below shows five different mammals.

A B

C D

E
 16

Use the key to identify the mammals shown in the diagram.

Write the letter of each species (A to E) in the correct box beside the key.

name of mammal letter

(a) has a humped back go to 2

1
(b) back is level with no hump go to 3

(a) has one hump on its back Camelus dromedarius

2
(b) has two humps on its back Camelus ferus

(a) has black fur on its face Lama glama

3
(b) fur on face is not black go to 4

(a) neck and legs long and thin Vicugna vicugna

4
(b) neck and legs short and thick Vicugna pacos

[4]

[Total: 4]
 17

17 The diagram below shows five invertebrates that can harm humans.

A B

head enlarged
C D

not drawn to scale

Use the key to identify the invertebrates shown in the diagram above.

Write the letter for each organism in the key.

 18

Key

description name or organism letter

1 (a) body divided into visible segments go to 3

(b) body not divided into visible segments go to 2

2 (a) four pairs of legs present Amblyomma americanum

(b) three pairs of legs present Pthirus pubis

3 (a) bristles present on body Aedes aegypti

(b) no bristles present on body go to 4

4 (a) hooks on head Taenia solium

(b) no hooks on head Hirudo medicinalis

[4]

[Total: 4]
 19

18 The diagram below shows a snake.

A snake is a living organism and so shows the characteristics of life.

The snake feeds by catching small animals such as mice and rats.

Complete the table below showing some of the characteristics of life for the snake.

characteristic of life defintion

obtaining nutrients for energy, growth

nutrition
and repair

removal from an organism of toxic

materials, the waste products of
metabolism or substances in excess of
requirements

reproduction

a permanent increase in size and dry

mass by an increase in cell number or
cell size or both

[3]

[Total: 3]
 20

19 The snake is a reptile.

State one way that a reptile differs from a fish.

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]

20 What may be defined as an ‘increase in dry mass’?

A growth
B nutrition
C reproduction
D respiration
[1]

[Total: 1]
 21

21 The diagram below shows five species of mollusc.

A B C

D E

Use the key to identify each species. Write the letter of each species (A to E) in the correct box
beside the key.

Key

1 (a) body is completely or partly covered in a shell go to 2

(b) body is not completely covered or partly covered in a shell Limax flavus

2 (a) shell is attached to rocks by thin threads Mytilus edulis

(b) shell is not attached to rocks by thin threads go to 3

3 (a) shell is a spire that comes to a point Buccinum undatum

(b) shell is not a spire that comes to a point go to 4

4 (a) animal has tentacles Nautilus pompilius

(b) animal has 2 tentacles Planorbis planorbis

[3]

[Total: 3]

22 State two features that are shown by all molluscs.

1 ...............................................................................................................................................

2 ............................................................................................................................................... [2]
 22

[Total: 2]

23 The diagram below shows seven plant species that are important crops.

B
A

C D E

F
G

not drawn to scale

 23

(a) (i) Use the key to identify each species. Write the letter of each species (A to G) in the
correct box beside the key. One has been done for you.

1 (a) branched veins on leaves go to 2

(b) parallel veins (not branched) on leaves go to 3

leaves divided into leaflets (look like small individual

2 (a) go to 4
leaves)

(b) leaves not divided into leaflets go to 5

flowers grouped tightly together at the top of the

3 (a) Triticum aestivum
stalk

flowers grouped loosely together at the top of the

( b) go to 6
stalk

Solanum
4 (a) large flowers located at top of stem
tuberosum

(b) small flowers located along the stem Glycine max

5 (a) leaves have five lobes Manihot esculenta F

(b) leaves have three lobes Ipomoea batatas

6 (a) flowers above youngest leaf Zeamays

(b) flowers bend down below youngest leaf Oryza sativa

[3]
(ii) The pattern of the veins on the leaves was used in the key to separate the
monocotyledonous crop plants and eudicotyledonous (dicotyledonous) crop plants
shown in the diagram.

State one other feature that could be used to identify monocotyledonous plants from
eudicotyledonous plants.

................................................................................................................................ [1]

[Total: 4]
 24

24 The diagram below shows seven different species of amphibian.

 25

Use the key to identify each species. Write the letter of each species (A to G) in the correct box
beside the key. One has been done for you.

key

1 (a) long, narrow body, with or without legs go to 2

body not long and narrow, back legs are larger than the front
1 (b) go to 5
legs

Gymnopis
2 (a) body without legs B
multiplicata

2 (b) body with legs which are all of the same size go to 3

3 (a) raised crest along the back of the body Triturus cristatus

3 (b) no crest along the back of the body go to 4

Necturus
4 (a) gills present
maculosus

Ambystoma
4 (b) no gills present
tigrinum

5 (a) skin is smooth go to 6

Oreophrynella
5 (b) skin is not smooth
quelchii

Polypedates
6 (a) digits end in swellings
leucomystax

6 (b) digits do not end in round swellings Rana temporaria

[3]

[Total: 3]
 26

25 Define the term growth.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [2]

[Total: 2]

26 The lungs and the kidneys are excretory organs of the human body.

Define the term excretion.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [3]

[Total: 3]

27 The diagram below shows four different animals.

not to scale
 27

(a) Classify each animal into its correct group choosing words from this list.

Write your answers in the ‘group’ column of the table below.

amphibian bird fish insect mammal mollusc reptile

One example has been completed for you.

group feature 1 feature 2

A amphibian has a backbone has slimy skin

[1]

(b) Using phrases from the list, complete the table above by adding two features of each animal
group, as shown for amphibians.

You may use each feature once, more than once or not at all.

has no backbone has a backbone has feathers has fur

has gills has scaly skin has slimy skin has a shell

has 8 legs has 6 legs

[3]

[Total: 4]

28 The diagram below shows three vertebrates. Each is from a different class (group) of vertebrate.
 28

not drawn to scale

(a) State one characteristic of all vertebrates.

........................................................................................................................................... [1]

(b) (i) Name the two other classes of vertebrate not shown in the diagram above.

1 .............................................................................................................................

2 ............................................................................................................................. [2]
(ii) Name the feature which covers the surface of the bodies of animals in these two classes
but not the three animals shown in the diagram.

................................................................................................................................ [1]

[Total: 4]

29 One stage in the development of a flowering plant is the germination of seeds.

Define the term development.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [1]

[Total: 1]
 29

30 Flowering plants can be divided into two groups: monocotyledons and eudicotyledons (dicotyledons).

Complete the table below to state the differences between these two types of flowering plants. An
example has been done for you.

eudicotyledons
difference monocotyledons
(dicotyledons)

number of cotyledons in the seed 1 2

pattern of leaf veins

number of petals present

[4]

[Total: 4]

31 Which components make up most of the dry mass of a balanced diet?

A calcium compounds, carbohydrates and fats

B carbohydrates, fats and proteins
C fats, proteins and vitamins
D proteins, vitamins and calcium compounds
[1]

[Total: 1]
 30

32 The diagram below shows five different mammals.

The diagram is not drawn to scale.

B C

D E

Use the key to identify the mammals shown in the diagram.

Write the letter of each species (A to E) in the correct box beside the key.
 31

key

letter

1 (a) has visible external ears go to 2

(b) does not have visible external ears Eschrichtius robustus

2 (a) stands on four legs go to 3

(b) stands on two legs go to 4

3 (a) has two horns between its ears Antidorcas marsupialis

(b) has two horns in front of its ears Diceros bicornis

4 (a) has ears placed on top of head Macropus rufus

(b) has ears placed at the side of head Homo sapiens

[4]

[Total: 4]
 32

33 The graph below shows the growth of different parts of the human body.

100
head
90

80

70

growth 60
whole body
/ percentage
of
50
maximum

40

30

20
reproductive tissues
10

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

age / years

Use information from the graph to give two age ranges during which the growth rate of the whole
body is very rapid

from .............................. to ..............................

from .............................. to .............................. [2]

[Total: 2]
 33

34 The graph below shows the growth of different parts of the human body.

100
head
90

80

70

growth 60
whole body
/ percentage
of
50
maximum

40

30

20
reproductive tissues
10

0
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

age / years

Use information from the graph to state the age at which the head reaches full size.

........................... years [1]

[Total: 1]
 34

35 The diagram below shows five different mammals.

not drawn to scale

 35

Use the key to identify the mammals shown in the diagram.

Write the letter of each species (A to E) in the correct box beside the key.

key

letter

1 (a) has webbed feet go to 2

(b) does not have webbed feet go to 3

2 (a) tail wide and flattened Castor canadensis

(b) tail rounded, ending in a point Lutra lutra

3 (a) body fur striped Panthera tigris

(b) body fur not striped go to 4

4 (a) tail has tuft of dark fur at the end Panthera leo

(b) no tuft of fur at end of tail Canis lupus

[4]

[Total: 4]
 36

36 The diagram below shows six different insects.

A
B

C D

not drawn to scale

 37

Use the key to identify the insects labelled A, B, E and F.

Write your answers in the table below.

key

description name of insect

1 (a) insect has wings go to 2

(b) insect has no wings go to 3

2 (a) one pair of wings go to 4

(b) two pairs of wings go to 5

3 (a) two tail pieces springtail

(b) three tail pieces silverfish

4 (a) abdomen is pointed robber fly

(b) abdomen is rounded hoverfly

5 (a) antennae are pointed large yellow moth

(b) antennae have rounded ends clouded yellow butterfly

insect name of insect

[4]

[Total: 4]
 38

37 The diagram below shows a seed as it is starting to germinate and the same seed several days
later.

soil surface

seed starting seed several

to germinate days later

Explain how growth differs from development.

Use information from the diagram above to help with your explanation.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [4]

[Total: 4]
 39

38 During pregnancy the baby grows and develops.

Explain the difference between growth and development.

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

..................................................................................................................................................

.................................................................................................................................................. [4]

[Total: 4]

39 The diagram shows an animal whose scientific name is Rattus rattus.

Which genus does it belong to?

A mammal
B rattus
C Rattus
D vertebrate
[1]

[Total: 1]
 40

40 Which structures are present in a bacterial cell?

cell wall nucleus

A ✓ ✓

B ✓ ✗

C ✗ ✓

D ✗ ✗

[1]

[Total: 1]