25 10. (332) SR. What is the Academy of the Unisoni?

List her
works.
Chapter 15 A gathering at the Strozzi home for intellectuals; 3 collections
Music for Chamber and Church of cantatas and arias, 2 of arias, 1 of madrigals, 1 of
in the Early Seventeenth Century motets

1. [328] What are the three styles? (Compare SG 23, #19) 11. (333) What is a sacred concerto? What church?
Church, chamber, theatre Religious texts with basso continuo (hereafter b.c.), concertato
medium, monody, operatice styles; Roman Catholic
2. Review: What are the forms of Italian popular music?
Canzonettas, ballettos, villanelles 12. Composers still wrote polyphonic church music. What
are the two styles? TQ: What's the difference?
3. And the forms for the elite? Stile antico (old style) and stile moderno (modern style); the
Madrigal, monody, dance songs, dramatic recitative, aria modern allows the text to override the rules of harmony

4. What devices were used "to create large-scale forms and 13. What is the famous Palestrina counterpoint book? (Note:
enrich the expressive resources of music"? This is the appropriate place to mention the book but it's
Concertato medium, ritornellos, repeating bass patterns, anachronistic. Beethoven will have to learn this stuff as
contrasts of style part of the his early training.)
Johann Joseph Fux, Gradus ad Parnassum, 1725
5. (329) What works illustrate the concertato medium?
TQ: What exactly is concertato medium? 14. What are the large-scale works written for the Catholic
Monteverdi's madrigals, books 5-8; voices and instruments church? Who are the representative composers?
have different parts (instead of colla parte, where the Vespers, psalms, mass movements, polychoral motets
instruments double the voices) Giovanni Gabrieli, Orazio Benevoli

6. What does basso ostinato mean in Italian? What's 15. What's the definition of the small sacred concerto? Who
another name for it? Write the definition. What are the was the first and what was its first?
traits? What are the Spanish and Italian versions? 1+ solo voices, organ accompaniment with 1+ violins;
Persistent bass; ground bass; repeating bass line; triple or Lodovico Viadana, Cento concerti ecclesiastici, 1602;
compound meter, usually 2, 4 or 8 measures; Guárdame first sacred vocal music printed with b.c.
las vacas, romanesca, Ruggiero
16. (334) Alessandro Grandi wrote solo _______ that used
7. Could you write a descending tetrachord? Statement: In the _________ style (i.e., recitative, solo madrigal, and
the old days we learned that this was called a lament. lyric aria). Note: i.e. is Id est, which means that is.
TQ: What are the names of the NCTs in Example 15.1? Motets; monodic
Yes and I'd do tone, tone, semitone; that's what I thought too!;
m. 1=anticipation; m. 2=anticipation; m. 3=escape tone; 17. How was music in convents?
m. 4=retardation; m. 9=suspension; m. 10=anticipation; Stiffled by men!
m. 12=suspension
18. (335) In what ways did Lucrezia Vizzana overcome the
8. (331) A chacona is the opposite of a lament. What is the suppression?
Italian equivalent? What was its purpose originally? Componimenti musicali, 1623, 20 motets, 1+ soprano voices
Where did it come from? Where did it go? What was the with basso continuo; monody, ornamentation, recitative,
"chord" structure? (Should I be saying chord yet?) What dissonant NCTs
instrument would play the chords?
Ciaccona; fast dance-song; Latin America; Spain and Italy; 19. Who is Chiara? Which convent? Her works? Style traits?
I-V-vi-V; guitar Margarita Cozzolani; Santa Radegonda in Milan; 4 collections
of sacred concertos, Mary Magdalene dialog, Vespers;
9. What is the meaning of cantata? What is its definition at polychoral, solo/duet arias, declamatory styles, refrains,
mid-century? Where was it performed? Widely sequences, repeating bass line
disseminated? Who are the composers?
To be sung; secular, with continuo, solo voice, lyrical or 20. (336) How did oratorio receive its name? How does it
quasi-dramatic text, in several sections; private settings; differ from opera? Define testo, oratorio latino, and
preserved only in manuscript, so no; Luigi Rossi, oratorio volgare
Antonio Cesti, Giacomo Carissimi, Barbara Strozzi Prayer hall; religious subject matter, not staged, narrator
(testo), use of the chorus; in Latin (oratorio latino) for
the church; or Italian (oratorio volgare) for secular
settings, more like opera, not preserved

Burkholder/Grout/Palisca, Ninth Edition, Chapter 15

21. (336) Who is the leading oratorio composer? What is the 33. Describe the performing forces.
example? Solo, chamber, large (after 1650)
Giacomo Carissimi, Jephte, 1648
34. Describe the venue.
22. (337) Were religious and secular styles exclusive? Church (organ, ensemble), chamber (solo, ensemble), theater
No (dances and interludes in ballet and opera)

23. Lutheran Germany sometimes used the _______. 35. Describe the nationality.
Biblical motets (name the composers) sometimes used They differ in genre and stylistic elements
the _______________. The small __________ was even
more common (name the composers and the work). 36. (343) List the types of instrumental music (until 1650).
Chorale; Hans Leo Hassler, Michael Praetorius, large-scale Keyboard/lute in improvisatory style: toccata, fantasia,
contertato medium; sacred concerto, Viadana, Hermann prelude
Schein, Opella nova, 1618, 1626 Fugal pieces, continuous imitative style: ricercare, fantasia,
fancy, capriccio, fugue
24. What was Heinrich Schütz's training? Where did he Pieces with contrasting sections, often in imitative
work? Read the remaining paragraphs to get a sense of counterpoint: canzona, sonata
what the collections are about. Settings of existing melodies: organ verse, chorale prelude
Venice with Giovanni Gabrieli (1609-12), Monteverdi (1628- Pieces that vary a given melody: (variations, partita), chorale
29); Dresden (chorale partita), bass line (partita, chaconne,
passacaglia)
25. (338) Make a list of works from the SR. Dances (suite)
Psalmen Davids (German polychoral psalms), Cantiones
sacrae (Latin motets), symphoniae sacrae (sacred 37. What are the keyboard types after 1650?
symphonies, 3 vols.), Musikalische Exequien (funeral Prelude, toccata, fugue, chorale/chant setting, variations, suite
music), Kleine geistliche Konzerte (small sacred
concertos, 2 vols.), The Seven Last Words of Christ, 38. What are the ensemble types?
Christmas History, 3 passions Sonata and suite

26. (340) Musical figures were described by the theorist 39. What are the large ensemble types?
_________ for what purpose? Suites, sinfonias, concertos
Christoph Bernhard; describe passages that break the rules
40. How does an organ toccata differ from one on
27. (341) What is a historia? harpsichord?
Musical setting based on a biblical narrative Sustained notes, unusual harmonies

28. What is the classification of a passion? 41. Describe Frescobaldi's toccata.

Subset of a historia Sectionalized, each ending with a cadence, sometimes
virtuosic and others that pass the motive among voices
29. What was Schütz's legacy?
A bee that lands on the German flower with Italian pollen 42. What is the performance practice of the toccatas?
Sections can be played separately; tempo does not have to be
30. Jewish music maintained their traditions with little steady
change. Apparently popular music tried to invade but
was denounced. ___________ was introduced in Ferrara. 43. (344) SR: List Frescobaldi's works.
Improvised polyphony Toccatas, fantasias, ricercares, canzonas, partitas; Fiori
musicali (Musical Flowers) with 3 organ masses;
31. Name the composer and his works. ensemble canzonas; madrigals, chamber arias, motet,
Salamone Rossi, Hashirim asher lish'lomo (The Songs of and 2 masses
Solomon, 1622-23), 33 psalms, hymns, synagogue songs
44. What is an organ mass?
32. (342) Summarize the first paragraph of "Instrumental Music from the mass that would be played on an organ
Music."
Instrumental developed, got away from vocal models, but 45. What does open score mean? What is the printing
adapted b.c., affections, focus on soloist, ornamentation, method?
idiomatic writing, style contrasts, recitative/aria. Violin Each voice on a separate line (like SATB); single impression
becomes important.

© 2014, 2009, 2006, 2001, 2000 Ted A. DuBois

26 58. (349) What is a suite? Know Schein's collection.
Linking of 2 or 3 dances; Johann Hermann Schein Bachetto
46. (344) Who is the next composer? musicale (Musical Banquet, 1617), 20 suites for 5
Johann Jacob Froberger instruments with continuo (padouana [pavane], gagliarda
[galliard], courante, allemande, tripla [a triple-meter
47. (345) Define ricercare. What term is eventually used? variation of the allemande])
Composition in which one subject (theme) is continuously
developed in imitation; fugue (It. flight) 59. (350) Statement: New styles were used interchangeably.
With so many new genres, they fell out of fashion
48. (346) Write a summary statement about the SR. quickly only to be rediscovered late in the 19th century.
Frescobaldi thought that instrumental music could move the These pieces have been published and recorded. Perhaps
listener by varying the tempo. their music is less predictable in terms of melody,
harmony, rhythm, etc. is one reason why they faded.
49. What is a fantasia? Who are its representative
composers?
Ricercare on a larger scale with different countersubjects and
augmentation/diminution; Jan Pieterszoon Sweelinck,
Samuel Scheidt

50. What was new about Scheidt's New Tablature? TQ:

What would we call it? TQ: Organ tablature?
Writing out voices on a separate staff; open score; "Gosh, it
would be nice if I knew what organ tablature was; I'll ask
my teacher." Answer: keyboard tablature

51. What was the performance medium for the English

fancy? Who were the composers?
Viol consort; Alfonso Ferrabosco the Younger, John Coprario
(né Cooper)

52. (347) TQ: The canzona is an instrumental version of the

Parisian ____________. It's livelier than the ricercare.
Chanson

53. What is the usual definition of a sonata?

1+ melody instruments (violins) with b.c.; ensemble sonata is
4+ melody instruments with or w/o continuo. idiomatic
writing while the canzona was more reserved

54. Statement: The canzona and sonata merge after about

1650.
55. (348) In Germany organ improvisations on chorale
melodies are known as ___________.
Organ chorales or chorale preludes

56. Variations are also known as _____________.

Partite (parts or divisions)

57. What are the three types?

1. Melody repeated but with different contrapuntal material or
may transfer from voice to voice. This type is known as
cantus-firmus variations
2. Melody in the top voice is ornamented while the harmonies
remain constant
3. Bass or harmonic progression remain the same. The
chaconne and passacaglia are types of this category

Burkholder/Grout/Palisca, Ninth Edition, Chapter 15

© 2014, 2009, 2006, 2001, 2000 Ted A. DuBois