INVENTIO AG Technical Catalog

CH–6052 Hergiswil
Group: 1–11.100 Drive System DYNATRON S K 602358 E
Lead Office: BLN 41 Description 8720 Page 1 / 9

DR TECHNICS S– / C– 1–11.1/1 TE

Contents: Page

1 General Provisions, Basic Principle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

2 Characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

3 Scope of Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

3.1 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

3.1.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

3.1.2 EMC and DYNATRON S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

4 Description of Function . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
4.1 General Provisions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

4.2 Main Components . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

4.3 Generation of Actual Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5

4.4 Generation of Reference Value . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

4.5 Speed Control Loop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

4.6 Starting Threshold . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6

4.6.1 General . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.6.2 Static Friction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
4.6.3 Self–Acceleration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
4.7 Slowdown Initiation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7

4.8 Inspection Travel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

any way nor used for manufacturing nor communicated
This design and information is our intellectual property.
It must without our written consent neither be copied in

5 Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8

6 Interference Suppression Kit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

6.1 Form of Delivery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

6.2 Kit Performance Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9

to third parties.

Authorization: Processed Reviewed Released

Organizational unit: PS–TW R & D – BLN EE–DR
Name: R. Zurbrügg H. Woyciel B. Condrau
Date:
Form. PS–TW 107E94

Signature:

Modification: 1 2 3 4
k602358e

Date: 8811 9319 9436 9506

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1 General Provisions, Basic Principle

DYNATRON S is a regulated a.c.drive with gear and two–speed asynchronous motor for elevators of medium
speed with the control systems MICONIC E, MICONIC B or MICONIC SX.
The regulation is analog with digital reference value pre–allocation in the shape of firmly defined travel curves.
The power unit consists of an a.c. regulator for variation of the motor voltage and a controlled a.c. current rectifier
for variation of the brake voltage.
DYNATRON S does not require any additional flywheel mass on the motor.

2 Characteristics
The main characteristics of this drive system are:
– regulated acceleration and deceleration
– controlled direct floor approach
– non–regulated (self–adaptive) constant travel, consequently, in that range no network interference and
optimum factor of efficency.
– no additional flywheel mass on the motor, therefore, minimum energy consumption (20 to 40% in
comparison to drive with automatic levelling)
– digital generation of reference value for accurate and steady reference–value travel curves
– analog regulation with simple adjustment without special tools
– excellent ride comfort
– accurate (
5 mm), load– independent levelling
– minimum starting current (approx. 2.5
IMN)
– simple performance of erection– and inspection travels without electronics.

3 Scope of Application
DYNATRON S is particularly suited for drive of Passenger–, Bed– and Goods Elevators up to medium duties in:
– smaller and medium office– and administration buildings
– smaller and medium hotels
– hospitals
– residential buildings.
any way nor used for manufacturing nor communicated
This design and information is our intellectual property.
It must without our written consent neither be copied in

Rated loads GQ:

See duty tables.

Rated speeds VKN:

0.5 0.63 0.85 1.0 1.2 1.6 1.75 m/s
The radet speed 1.75 m/s is preferred in countries with US Standard Code.
to third parties.

Car Acceleration AK:

at VKN [m/s] = 0.5 0.63 0.85 1.0 1.2 1.6 1.75
AK [m/s2] = 0.3 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.65 0.68 0.9
The absolute value of the deceleration corresponds with that of the acceleration. On determination of the hoisting
motor, it must be ensured that the above acceleration values will be attained also in the case of extreme load
condition (full load upward).

Modification: 1 2 3 4
Date: 8811 9319 9436 ––––
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Travel height HQ:

The max. travel height is determined by the theoretical travel time TAHQG (K 601 365, Group 1–11.010).
HQ max. = 90 m.

Maximum rated motor current:

The regulation device is supplied in three output steps which are signified by maximum motor current (i.e. the
maximum rated motor output depends upon the actual mains voltage!).
Regulation device New installation Modernization
RG 30 27 A 21 A
RG 63 57 A 45 A
RG 90 90 A 81 A

Re–levelling:
Not provided.

Floor distance HE:

Certain minimum floor distances cannot be reduced further, owing to the firmly defined travel curves, which are
depending on given values for speed, acceleration and jerk. However, with rated speeds of 1.6 and 1.75 m/s, these
minimum floor distances are larger than the usual floor distances. In consequence, the regulation provides with
such speeds automatically a reduced medium speed for travels between two adjacent floors.
Moreover, the regulation enables also a still smaller speed, which will be activated by the additional control feature
”Short–Floor–Distance Control”. However, that addition is only feasible with MICONIC B or MICONIC SX.
The minimum floor distances for the standard travel curves are shown in this table:

Type of Speed, Min. Floor Distance [m] with VKN [m/s]

Control Option 0.5 0.63 0.85 1.0 1.2 1.6 1.75
On travel with 1.00
1.00 1.40 1.60 1.90 2.70 2.80
intermediate speed 1.20*
On travel with 1.50
1.50 2.30 2.70 3.50 4.90 5.10
rated speed 1.84*
With control option of MICONIC B: 0.34
0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32 0.32
”Small floor distances” 0.30*
any way nor used for manufacturing nor communicated
This design and information is our intellectual property.
It must without our written consent neither be copied in

* for SCHINDLER 300: VKN = 0.63 m/s travelled according to travel curve 1.0 m/s
Allowed are one– and two sided entries, with maximum two successive short stops.
Note: VKN = 1.0 m/s enables a min. floor distance of 1.6 m. Therefore, short floor distances down to that limit
can be achieved with MICONIC E, which has not the control option ”Short–Floor–Distance control”.

3.1 Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC)

3.1.1 General
to third parties.

In the operation of an electrical device, a number of standards and regulations must be complied with to ensure
that the device can function properly despite external interference (immunity to interference) and to minimize the
interference created by the device itself (interference emission).
Immunity to interference encompasses:
– Electrostatic discharge
– Electromagnetic radiation fields
– Rapid electrical transients (bursts).

Modification: 1 2 3 4
Date: 8811 9319 –––– 9506
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Interference emission encompasses:

– Radio interference
– Interference with mains voltage
– harmonics
– voltage fluctuations
– Mains voltage dips.

3.1.2 EMC and DYNATRON S

Operating a drive with generalized phase control like the DYNATRON S inevitably causes interference emissions
(radio interference and interference with mains voltage).
Commutation notches:
These are brief dips in the a.c. supply voltage. They occur during the phase–dependent transfer of current from
one thyristor branch to the next.
Radio frequency interference:
This occurs in conjunction with the rapid on and off switching operations when thyristors are triggered and turned
off, together with the regular and especially the parasitic L–C elements existing in the circuit.
It is also caused by rapid digital switching operations (microprocessors).
This interference is either carried via electrical wiring or by radiation and can cause nearby equipment to
malfunction.
An interference suppression kit is available for the DYNATRON S drive. This kit can also be used to upgrade
existing DYNATRON S systems.
The design of this kit is further described in Section 6.

Equipment fitted with the interference suppression kit complies with the following standards and regulations:

Interference emission (outwardly–directed interference) Mains voltage interference
– Harmonics
IEC 555–2/82 EN 60 555, Sect. 2/87 DIN VDE 0838 Sect. 2/6.82
– Voltage fluctuations
IEC 555–3/82 EN 60 555, Sect. 3/87 DIN VDE 0838 Sect. 3/6.82
– Mains voltage dips
any way nor used for manufacturing nor communicated
This design and information is our intellectual property.
It must without our written consent neither be copied in

DIN VDE 0160

Radio interference voltage and radio interference radiation
Radio interference suppression for electrical equipment and systems
CISPR 11 EN 55 011/91 (Cl. A/B) DIN VDE 0875 Sect. 11/92
Note:
Compliance with Class B requires the following measures to be carried out: change in control wiring, shielding of
all cables, good RF connection between the individual components of the control cabinet, etc.
Protection from electromagnetic interference.
to third parties.

AS 1980 (SWITZERLAND)
Radio interference suppression for special electrical equipment and systems.
DIN VDE 0875 Sect. 3/88 (radio interference levels N).

Modification: 1 2 3 4
Date: –––– 9319 –––– 9506
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Immunity to interference (from external sources)

Immunity to discharge of static electricity; requirements and measurement procedures:
IEC 801.2/84 CENELEC HD 481.2 DIN VDE 0843.Sect. 2/87
(severity 4/Utest=15 kV)
Immunity to electromagnetic fields (27–1000 MHz); requirements and measurement procedures:
IEC 801.3/84 CENELEC HD 481.3 DIN VDE 0843.Sect. 3/87
(severity 2/Ftest= 3 V/m)
Immunity to rapid electrical transients (bursts); requirements and measurement procedures:
IEC 801.4/88 CENELEC HD 481.4 DIN VDE 0843.Sect. 4/87
(severity 4/Utest= +/– 4 kV)
A prerequisite for the above is a MICONIC control in a metal cabinet (AS17...) or box.

4 Description of Function

4.1 General Provisions

With the drive system DYNATRON S, a general known and widely used drive principle has been perfected by
means of modern semiconductor technology such as microprocessors and other highly integrated circuits to such
an extent that it satisfies elevated demands even at low costs.
The following description refers to the basic circuit diagram K 602 359. Therein, the sequence of the control
functions is not represented, as it is explained in this description.

4.2 Main Components (Numbering with reference to ”Basic Circuit Diagram” K 602 359)
The drive system DYNATRON S consists of the main components:
– Gear 1 with traction sheave
– Hoisting motor 2 , a normal pole–changing a.c.motor for automatic levelling
– Travel pulse transmitter 3 on the wormshaft of the gear
– Shaft information, consisting of set of magnetic switches 4 and KBR magnets 5
– Regulation device, consisting of
– regulation print with reference value memory, actual value editing, regulation control loops
– power unit (thyristor assembly group and power print) with fully controlled three phase regulato 6 , fully
controlled rectifier 7 and voltage supply.
A special load measuring device for DYNATRON S is neither provided nor necessary.
any way nor used for manufacturing nor communicated
This design and information is our intellectual property.
It must without our written consent neither be copied in

4.3 Generation of Actual Value

The travel pulse transmitter 1 is coupled to the wormshaft of the gear 2 , and therewith to the hoisting motor
3 . The travel pulse transmitter produces 500 pulses per revolution.
After conversion to a constant pulse length, the pulse sequence is transferred to a low pass filter 8 , at the output
of same the respective d.c. voltage appears, since that voltage is proportional to the pulse frequency, it represents
the momentary actual value IWN of the motor speed, and this in analog form.
Another path leads the pulse sequence to the distance counter 9 with a frequency divider 1 : 8 preceding in series.
to third parties.

Since the distance of the generated pulses corresponds with a certain car travel distance (e.g. 0.0833 mm at VKN
= 1.0 m/s), the distance of travel appears at the output as a multiple of e.g. 0.67 mm in digital from.

Modification: 1 2 3 4
Date: –––– 9319 –––– 9506
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4.4 Generation of Reference Value

The reference value memory 10 contains, point–to–point with a resolution of max. 1024 points, the firmly defined
reference travel curves as a function of the speed per distance. There are curves for rated speed, medium speed
and short floor distances, one each for acceleration and deceleration. Each rated speed is represented by 6 travel
curves. The calculation of the curves is based on the demanded values for rated speed, max. acceleration and
max. jerk (temporary change of acceleration). Physically, the reference value memory is located in the EPROM
of the regulator print; as a standard, it contains 3
6 = 18 travel curves for three rated speeds.
The reference value memory 10 issues a speed reference value in binary coded from in correspondence with the
momentary position of distance counter 9 . In a digital–analog–transducer 11 this value is transferred into an
analog voltage which represents the momentary speed reference value SWN.

4.5 Speed Control Loop

When a call has issued a start command for a travel, the hoisting motor 2 begins to rotate. The travel pulse
transmitter 3 switches the distance counter 9 onwards, so that an analog reference value SWN is produced
in correspondence with the distance travelled. That value is compared with the analog actual value IWN in the
comparator 12 . The speed–regulation deviation appears as voltage nn at the output of the comparator.
PI–regulator 13 forms from nn a regulation voltage UR, which momentarily rises (I–component) with the arresting
of the regulator deviation. If the motor is too slow, UR becomes positive and the a.c. regulator 6 more conducting.
The a.c. current, flowing into the high–speed winding 14 , generates a driving torque and accelerates the motor.
If the motor is too fast, UR becomes negative and the a.c. rectifier 7 more conducting. D.C. current is flowing
into the levelling speed winding 15 and generates a braking torque by means of eddy currents in the armature.
In dependence of the momentary load– and friction–conditions, at approx. 60 90 % of the rated motor speed,
the drive changes imperceptibly to non–regulated operation, because it cannot any more accomplish the
acceleration as demanded by the reference value curve. From this point and during the entire travel at constant
speed, the motor turns according to its natural characteristic curve at load–dependent speed (self–adaptive
performance). Thereby the a.c. regulator 6 has become fully conducting and the regulation is out of function.
That is an advantage over other ”fully regulated” systems, since the motor is fully utilized and there are less
additional losses nor harmonic wave load on the mains.
During the acceleration phase, the distance counter 9 will be counted up to a limit correlated to the reference
curve. That limit value is kept stored till the beginning of the deceleration phase and corresponds with the later
braking distance.
The beginning of the deceleration is released by the signal KBR of the shaft information 4 , 5 . The switching
magnet (one each per landing and direction) is placed exactly at braking distance ahead of landing level position.
From KBR onwards the same proceedings are beginning in the reverse order of the acceleration, i.e. the distance
counter 9 counts the tachometer pulses backwards, and the speed reference values are read from the reference
value memory, which regulate the motor. Since the distance counter steps, the braking distance, and the distance
between KBR and the landing level position are in accordance, the level position is attained exactly at zero position
any way nor used for manufacturing nor communicated
This design and information is our intellectual property.
It must without our written consent neither be copied in

of the counter, and the speed has become zero.

The mechanical brake is applied not until standstill, which consequently functions merely as a holding brake.

4.6 Starting Threshold

4.6.1 General
Two difficulties can arise with the starting of a elevator with worm gear drive, which the regulation cannot easily
master. Those are static friction and self–acceleration. Both difficulties will be overcome by the function ”Starting
to third parties.

Threshold” 16 .
4.6.2 Static Friction
The static friction of the worm gear can be a multiple of the sliding friction, particularly after longer standstill. Unless
respective measures are taken, the PI–regulator would, on account of the existing reference value, allow the motor
current to raise, until the motor will overcome the resistance. Immediately the frictional resistance would come
down to the far smaller value of the sliding friction, so that the built–up motor current would be far too high. The
recuperation of the current by the regulator would, however, require so much time that a heavy starting jerk would
be unavoidable.

Modification: 1 2 3 4
Date: –––– 9319 –––– 9506
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That effect is prevented in the following way:

Beginning with the start signal from the control, an inquiry is made in steps of 25 ms, if the travel pulse transmitter
has issued a pulse, i.e. the hoisting motor has turned. If not, with each step the reference value will be increased
by a small value. This results in a regulation difference and thereby a motor current, both raising linearly with the
time in small steps. The proceeding will come to an end on the arrival of that pulse which announces the turning
of the motor.
The motor current ”offset”, produced in this way, causes too high an acceleration in relation to the reference value
curve, so that it has to be disintegrated. However, that must not be accomplished too quick, in order to avoid any
jerk. The disintegration must rather take place again in steps of 25 ms. The steps correspond in height and number
to the former ones, so that at last the offset has disappeared. The drive is running during these proceedings at
an acceleration raised against the reference curve, and will be smoothly and imperceptibly taken down. By the way,
the time loss caused by the initial blocking will be made good again.
4.6.3 Self–Acceleration
Non–selfblocking gears can have the reverse effect in certain cases:
After release of the brake, the elevator is beginning to move by itself on account of its unbalanced condition. That
effect is not disturbing unless the motion is contrary to the preset travel direction.
The effect is abolished in a similar way as above by making use of the function of the travel pulse transmitter to
give an information of the direction. As soon as, after release of the brake, the travel pulse transmitter produces
pulses in the ”wrong” direction, the reference value will be raised by a small step for each of these pulses, until
the opposed load torque is compensated. The motor current offset, generated by this, will be disintegrated slowly
in the same way as described under 4.6.2 .

4.7 Slowdown Initiation

As described under 4.5, the drive passes over to a non–regulated operation at 60 90 % (point b, Fig.1, Fig.2).
During constant travel speed the travel curve passes in dependence of load somewhere in the hatched area. Point
d is then the beginning of the firmly defined reference value curve for deceleration. Usually, at that point, the actual
value IWN will deviate from reference value SWN. The regulation intends to equalize that step as quickly as
possible, which will be felt as a jerk.
That jerk will be avoided in the following way:
During constant travel the actual speed IWN of the motor will be measured, and the reference value curve will be
turned down so far that reference value and actual value will become equal at point d. That function is possible,
because the regulation is out of function in the range b–d, and can be utilized to that purpose.
N
IWN
any way nor used for manufacturing nor communicated
This design and information is our intellectual property.
It must without our written consent neither be copied in

IWN=SWN

SWN
to third parties.

T
a b d e

Figure 1: Travel curve without adaption in function of the load

The illustration below shows an example of the actual progress of the motor speed IWN1. From point c onwards,
the regulation voltage UR is adapted in function of the load in such a way that during constant travel c–d a reference
value SWN1 is generated which is equal to the actual value IWN1. In consequence, the regulator is functioning
as if the constant travel would be regulated, however, without any influence on the motor.

Modification: 1 2 3 4
Date: –––– –––– –––– 9506
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N
SWN
IWN
IWN1 SWN1=IWN
SWN

IWN=SWN
IWN1=SWN1

T
a b c d e

Figure 2: Travel curve with adaption in function of the load

To this purpose, at first a load–proportional voltage UL is produced by means of the comparator 19 from the actual
motor speed (i.e. minus slip of the motor). The UL will be compared with the regulation voltage UR in another
comparator 18 . The result is passed on to the reference input of the digital–analog transducer 11 , and has a
multiplicative effect on its output, thus causing for SWN a vertical change in its scale. The above elements from
a load control loop, which is overlaying the speed control loop.
Since the correcting effect of the load adaption has to be maintained until stop point e, the output voltage of
comparator 18 will be stored via a sample–and–hold circuit 17 .

4.8 Inspection Travel

The inspection travel is performed, under by–passsing the regulation device, by means of the levelling–speed
winding 15 operating direct from the mains. Thereby that winding is separated by a contactor from all the poles
of the brake rectifier 7 , since otherwise short circuits in the mains might occur.
That conventional performance has the advantage that the elevator can be operated during erection and repairs
without regulation device.

5 Hardware
any way nor used for manufacturing nor communicated

The regulation device RG 30 consists of:

This design and information is our intellectual property.
It must without our written consent neither be copied in

– Regulation print RDS 3.Q

– Power print LDS 12.Q
– Thyristor triggering print TAS 12.Q
– Cooling plate with thyristor / thyristor modules.

The regulation device RG 63 consists of:

– Regulation print RDS 3.Q
to third parties.

– Power print LDS 12.Q

– Thyristor triggering print TAS 12.Q
– Base plate with heat dissipator and thyristor / thyristor modules.

Modification: 1 2 3 4
Date: –––– –––– –––– 9506
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The regulation device RG 90 consists of:

– Regulation print RDS 3.Q
– Power print LDS 12.Q
– Thyristor triggering print TAS 12.Q
– Base plate with heat dissipator and thyristor / thyristor modules.

The regulation devices RG 30 and RG 63 is available in the following performances:

– AK–version (version with apparatus box, preferentially for MIC–E controls)
– AS–version (version with apparatus cabinet, preferentially for MIC–B controls)
The regulation device RG 90 is only available as AS–version.
The inspection contactor cannot be incorporated in the regulation devices and, therefore, is mounted separately
in the controller.

6 Interference Suppression Kit

An interference suppression kit is available for the DYNATRON S to ensure compliance with the standards and
regulations listed in 3.1.2 above.

6.1 Form of Delivery

The interference suppression kit consists of:
– Mains–interference suppression set (filter, commutating inductor)
– Shielded cables
– Installation materials
– Installation instructions
The mains–interference suppression kit is delivered in a control box.

6.2 Kit Performance Classes

The interference suppression kit must correspond to the given motor output.
The following versions are available for 208–240 V (50/60 Hz):
– PMN 6.7 – 12.5 kW
– PMN 16 – 25 kW (until further notice, inquire at BLN).
any way nor used for manufacturing nor communicated
This design and information is our intellectual property.
It must without our written consent neither be copied in

The following versions are available for 380–440 V (50/60 Hz):

– PMN 6.7 – 25 kW
Interference suppression kits are not yet available for 500–600 V (50/60 Hz).
to third parties.

Modification: 1 2 3 4
Date: –––– –––– –––– 9506