English courses
Prof: El Joual Abdelghani
Tenses
I. The simple present:
Use:
A. Fact & truths:
The earth revolves avoud itself
Butter melts if you heat it
We are Moroccans
B. Routines and habits:
I usually drive to work
She wakes up at seven o’clock everyday
I always drink coffee after breakfast
C. Instructions and directions:
Open the packet and pour the context in hot water
You go straight and turn left at the second turning
D. Feeling verbs
I love classical music
She hates action films
E. Description
This room is spacious
Fes is an imperial city, it’s the spiritual capital of Morocco.
Signal words:
- … every ( day, week, month,…)
- Adverbs of frequency (always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely…)
Exception: never
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Form:
WORK
S . pronouns affirmative negative interrogative
I work Don’t work Do ........ work?
He/she/it works Doesn’t work Does….. work?
We/you/they work Don’t work DO ......... Work?
II. The present continuous:
Use:
To talk about an action/ event happening at the time of speaking.
Examples:
We are studying English now
They are learning how to speak Arabic
Whey is taking notes right now
Prices are going up these days
Signal words:
Now/at the moment/ right now/at this time/ these…
Form:
Present continuous
“work”
S . pronouns affirmative negative interrogative
I Am working Am not working Am I working?
He/she/it Is working Isn’t working Is…. Working…?
We/you/they Are working Aren’t working Are… working…?
III. The present perfect:
Use:
1. To talk about an action that started in the past and continues on the
present time:
o I have studied in this faculty since last September
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o We have lived in this city for ten years
o She has never believe in ghosts
o They had already visited that site
2. To talk about an action finished in recent past:
o I’ve just started teaching the present perfect
o She has visited the dentist this morning
o We have just received your e-mail
Signal words:
- Yet/already/ just/ since/ for
- Never/ ever
Form:
Subject pronouns affirmative negative interrogative
I/ We/you/they Worked Worked Worked?
Have Haven’t Have…
taken taken Taken?
He/she/it Worked Worked Worked?
Has Hasn’t Has…
taken taken Taken?
Regular verb: work- worked- worked
Irregular verb: take- took- taken
IV. The simple past:
Use:
To talk about about actions/ event that happened and archieved/ completed/ finished in the
past
Examples:
The kids forget to turn off the T.V last night
I got my BAC degree in 2023
She went to London two years ago
They didn’t go jogging last Sunday
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Signal words:
- Yesterday
- Last(week,…)
- Ago
Form:
Regular verb: play- played- played
Irregular verb: write- wrote- written
Subject pronouns affirmative negative interrogative
i/you Played Play Play….?
he/she … Didn’t Did…
we/they wrote write Write…?
Write the verb in brackets in the right tense:
Karim (to be/ never) has never being to England.
Sorry, I (not come) didn’t come yesterday.
We ( just/ finish) have just finished explaning the tenses.
The earth (revolve) revolves around itself
We (study) study English once a week.
V. The past perfect:
Use:
The past perfect is used to describe nan action that happened before another action in the
past.
Signal words:
For/since/until/as soon as/never/when/before/after.
Form:
Affirmative: had been…/ had seen…/ had played….
Negative: hadn’t been…/ hadn’t seen…/ hadn’t played….
Interrogative: had… been…? / Had…. seen…? / Had played….?
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Examples:
When we got to the station, the train had already left
He had stayed in hospital until he recovered
VI. The past continuous:
Use:
To talk about an on-going action in the past
Signal words:
- When/ will
- From…to…
- At…. O’clock…..
Form:
Was/ were+ verb….ing
Affirmative: was /were doing ….
Negative: wasn’t /weren’t doing ….
Interrogative: was… doing? /were… doing?
Examples:
We were watching a movie when the light went off.
Ha was explaining while the students were listening.
VII. The future simple:
Use:
it’s used to talk about a promise/ a plan /a prediction that hasn’t happened yet. It may
happen in the future
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signal words:
- Tomorrow/ soon…
- Next…
Form:
Will+ verb (infinitive)
Affirmative: will go / will do…
Negative: won’t go / won’t do…
Interrogative: will… go? / will… do?
Examples:
- We will finish this session
- They will hold the monthly meeting next weekend
VIII. The Future continuous:
Use:
To talk about an on-going action in the future
> We will working on that project
> She will be writing a report about her work
IX. The future perfect:
Use:
To talk about an achieved / completed action / event in the future
Signal words:
- By…. ( by 2026/ by next month …)
- At the time / next…. (next year/ next…)
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Form:
Will have + verb (p.p)
Affirmative: will have done…./ will have got….
Negative: won’t have done…./ won’t have got….
Interrogative: will…. have done? / will…. have got?
Examples:
By the end of this session, we will have covered the tenses chapter.
All this time next year, you will have got your S1/S2 degree.
