Candidate’s Name Assessment Number
School Name School Code
Candidate’s Signature Date
MONITORING JUNIOR SCHOOL LEARNER PROGRESS
GRADE 9: 906/1: AGRICULTURE AND NUTRITION
PAPER 1 (Theory)
CODE: 008 YEAR: 2025
TIME: 2 HOURS
INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:
Instructions to Candidates:
1) Write your name and assessment number in the spaces provided.
2) Answer ALL questions in Section A and Section B.
3) All answers must be written in the spaces provided in this question booklet.
4) This paper consists of 12 printed pages. Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all pages
are printed as indicated and that no questions are missing.
5) Candidates should answer the questions in English.
For Official Use Only
SECTION A: MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS (30 Marks)
Question Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Maximum Score 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
Candidate’s Score
Question Number 16 17 18 19 20 2 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 3 Total score
1 0
Maximum Score 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 30
Candidate’s Score
SECTION B: STRUCTURED QUESTIONS (50 Marks)
Section Question Number Total Marks
PART 1: AGRICULTURE 25 Marks
1 (a, b, c) 10
2 (a, b, c.i, c.ii) 7
3 (a, b.i, b.ii) 8
PART 2: NUTRITION 25 Marks
4 (a, b.i, b.ii, c) 10
5 (a, b, c.i, c.ii) 11
6 (a, b, c.i, c.ii) 5
GRAND TOTAL 50 Marks
This paper consists of 9 printed pages. Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are
printed as indicated and that no questions are missing.
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© 2025 The Kenya Junior School Examination and Assessment Series. Turn over
SECTION A: (30 Marks)
Answer all questions in this section.
1.
2. Farmer Juma observed that after heavy rains, a A) To provide food for the chickens
significant portion of his topsoil was carried away B) To store eggs
from his farm, making his land less fertile. Which of C) To house and protect poultry
the following terms best describes the problem D) To collect chicken droppings
Farmer Juma is facing? 7. Mary is passionate about maintaining the nutritional
A) Soil pollution value of her vegetables after harvesting. She wants to
B) Soil erosion ensure that her family benefits maximally from the
C) Soil compaction vitamins and minerals. Which cooking method is best
D) Soil acidification for conserving the water-soluble vitamins in
3. The villagers of Chepkube are experiencing frequent vegetables?
droughts, leading to water scarcity for their crops and A) Boiling
livestock. They are looking for sustainable ways to B) Frying
ensure water availability throughout the year. Which C) Steaming
of the following water harvesting methods would be D) Roasting
most effective for them to implement on their farms 8. During a visit to a neighboring farm, you observe
to store water for long periods? several dead fish floating in a nearby river, and the
A) Shallow water pans farmer complains of reduced crop yields. You
B) Retention ditches suspect industrial waste discharge. What is the most
C) Water ponds likely cause of soil pollution in this scenario?
D) Furrows A) Over-fertilization
4. Mama Pima is preparing her farm for planting maize. B) Improper disposal of industrial waste
She wants to ensure that the soil is well-prepared to C) Organic farming practices
allow for good seed germination and root D) Crop rotation
development. Which type of tilth would be most 9. A farmer wants to improve the fertility of his soil
appropriate for planting maize seeds? without using synthetic chemicals. He decides to use
A) Fine tilth decomposed plant and animal matter. What type of
B) Coarse tilth organic manure is the farmer likely using? A)
C) Cloddy tilth Chemical fertilizer
D) Lumpy tilth B) Compost
5. A local community has noticed a decline in the bird C) Pesticide
population and increased soil erosion along a river D) Herbicide
bank. They decide to plant trees as a conservation 10. Sarah harvested a large quantity of tomatoes from her
measure. Besides providing habitat for birds and kitchen garden. She wants to preserve some of them
controlling soil erosion, what other important role do for future use to avoid wastage. Which of the
growing trees play in the environment? following methods would add value to her tomato
A) Increasing soil salinity produce?
B) Increasing air pollution A) Selling them fresh at the market
C) Enhancing water retention in the soil B) Making tomato sauce or puree
D) Depleting groundwater levels C) Storing them in a cool, dry place
6. John is setting up a small poultry farm. He wants to D) Feeding them to her livestock
ensure his chickens are protected from the elements 11. Peter is repairing his torn shirt. He needs a strong and
and predators. What is the main purpose of a "fold" neat stitch to join two pieces of fabric together.
in poultry farming? Which type of seam is most commonly used for
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joining two pieces of fabric in clothing construction, 17. A group of students is discussing methods of
providing a strong and flat finish? conserving animal feeds to cope with periods of
A) French seam drought. Which method involves cutting grass or
B) Run and fell seam other forage crops and drying them to preserve their
C) Plain seam nutritional value for later use?
D) Flat felled seam A) Silage making
B) Standing forage
C) Baled hay
D) Grazing
12. Farmer Amani has a small plot of land and wants to 18. Mama Chebet has leftover ugali and stew from
maximize his crop production by utilizing vertical supper. Instead of throwing them away, she wants to
space. Which innovative gardening technique would use them for tomorrow's lunch. Which method of
be most suitable for his situation? conserving leftover food would be most appropriate
A) Raised bed gardening in this case?
B) Suspended gardens A) Freezing
C) Container gardening B) Reheating
D) Traditional furrow gardening C) Smoking
13. A family wants to ensure they consume all essential D) Salting
nutrients daily. They are planning their meals 19. A farmer is battling an infestation of aphids on his
carefully. What is a meal called that contains all the cabbage crops. He wants to use a pest control method
necessary nutrients in the right proportions for that does not involve chemicals. Which of the
healthy growth and development? following is an example of a mechanical pest control
A) Carbohydrate-rich meal method?
B) Protein-rich meal A) Spraying with pesticides
C) Balanced diet B) Introducing natural predators
D) Vitamin-rich meal C) Hand-picking the pests
14. You observe a chicken in a poultry run with ruffled D) Crop rotation
feathers, closed eyes, and it is isolated from the rest 20. You are preparing a dessert that requires a flour
of the flock. What is this chicken most likely mixture to be baked. Which piece of equipment is
showing signs of? essential for accurately measuring flour when
A) Happiness preparing flour mixtures?
B) Sickness A) Spatula
C) Laying eggs B) Whisk
D) Moulting C) Measuring cups
15. After a heavy meal, your family wants to ensure the D) Rolling pin
kitchen and dining area are clean and hygienic. What 21. A farmer observes yellowing leaves and stunted
is the primary reason for cleaning the kitchen and growth in his tomato plants. He suspects a nutrient
equipment regularly? deficiency. Which type of organic manure, applied
A) To make the kitchen look good directly to the leaves, could quickly provide nutrients
B) To prevent the growth of harmful microorganisms to the plants?
C) To save water A) Farmyard manure
D) To create more space B) Compost
16. A farmer is preparing a storage structure for his C) Organic foliar feed
harvested maize. He wants to prevent pest infestation D) Green manure
and spoilage. Which of the following is a crucial step 22. To save money and ensure natural ingredients, a
in preparing a storage structure before storing crops? household decides to make their own soap at home.
A) Painting the walls with bright colours What is a key ingredient needed to make homemade
B) Ensuring the structure is well-ventilated and dry soap?
C) Decorating the interior with flowers A) Sugar B) Salt
D) Playing loud music near the storage C) Caustic soda D) Vinegar
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23. You are observing different types of soil erosion on a A) Aphids
sloping farm. You notice small channels forming on B) Termites
the surface after heavy rainfall. What type of soil C) Weevils
erosion is characterized by the formation of small, D) All of the above
well-defined channels? 28. You are preparing a meal and want to ensure proper
A) Sheet erosion table dining manners are observed. When serving
B) Gully erosion food using the family style method, where is the food
C) Rill erosion placed for self-serving?
D) Splash erosion A) On individual plates in the kitchen
24. A poultry farmer is processing a chicken carcass for B) On a separate serving table
consumption. After de-feathering, what is the next C) In serving dishes on the dining table
crucial step in preparing the poultry carcass? D) Only in the host's plate
A) Beheading 29. A farmer is establishing a kitchen backyard garden to
B) Removal of offal ensure a constant supply of fresh vegetables for his
C) Boiling family. What is a primary role of a kitchen garden?
D) Salting A) To grow cash crops for sale
25. A farmer wants to propagate a mango variety that is B) To provide fresh, readily available vegetables and
resistant to diseases but grows slowly, by combining herbs
it with a fast-growing rootstock. Which plant C) To provide shade for the house D) To attract wild
propagation technique would be suitable for this animals
purpose? 30. To preserve his fish catch, a fisherman decides to dry
A) Cutting them under the sun using a simple, cost-effective
B) Layering method. Which homemade device can be used for
C) Grafting drying agricultural produce using solar energy?
D) Marcotting A) Electric oven
26. After washing a load of laundry, you realize some B) Microwave
brightly colored clothes have bled their dye onto C) Homemade sundryer
lighter clothes. What important laundry practice was D) Refrigerator
likely overlooked to prevent this? 31. A farmer wants to improve soil structure and water
A) Using cold water retention in his sandy soil. He considers different soil
B) Separating loose coloured clothes conservation measures. Which of the following is a
C) Using extra detergent biological method of soil conservation?
D) Drying clothes in the sun A) Terracing
27. A farmer notices his crops are infested with stem B) Contour ploughing
borers, leading to significant yield loss. He decides to C) Afforestation
consult an agricultural extension officer. Which of D) Gabions
the following is an example of a crop pest?
SECTION B: (50 Marks)
PART 1: AGRICULTURE (25 Marks)
32. Mr. Otieno owns a small farm in a semi-arid region. He has observed that his crops often suffer from water stress,
especially during dry spells. He wants to implement strategies to retain more water in his farm's soil.
a) Identify two different water retention structures Mr. Otieno could construct on his farm. (2 marks)
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i. ______________________________________________________________________________.
ii. ______________________________________________________________________________.
b) Besides the structures mentioned in (a), explain two other soil conservation measures Mr. Otieno could
adopt to improve water retention in his soil. (4 marks)
i. ______________________________________________________________________________.
ii. ______________________________________________________________________________.
c) Mr. Otieno is considering establishing a kitchen backyard garden. Explain two advantages of having a
kitchen garden to his family. (4 marks)
i. ______________________________________________________________________________.
ii. ______________________________________________________________________________.
33. Farmer Mumo has a passion for growing trees on his farm. He believes in the importance of afforestation not just
for his farm's aesthetics but also for environmental benefits.
a) State two importance of growing trees on a farm. (2 marks)
i. ______________________________________________________________________________.
ii. ______________________________________________________________________________.
b) Farmer Mumo practices integrated farming. Briefly explain what integrated farming means. (2 marks)
______________________________________________________________________________.
______________________________________________________________________________.
c) A section of Farmer Mumo's land has been affected by soil pollution due to improper disposal of plastic
waste by his neighbors.
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i. State one cause of soil pollution other than plastic waste. (1 mark)
____________________________________________________________________________________
ii. Suggest two ways Farmer Mumo can control soil pollution on his farm. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
34. Sarah is preparing a seedbed for planting kales. She knows that proper preparation of the planting site is crucial for
good crop establishment.
a) Describe the steps involved in preparing a planting site for kales. (3 marks)
i. ______________________________________________________________________________.
ii. ______________________________________________________________________________.
iii. ______________________________________________________________________________.
b) After planting, Sarah faces challenges with pests on her kales.
i. Identify two common vegetable pests in Kenya that might attack kales. (2 marks)
___________________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
ii. Describe one non-chemical method Sarah can use to control pests on her kales. (3 marks)
_____________________________________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________________________________
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_____________________________________________________________________________________
PART 2: NUTRITION (25 Marks)
35. Mama Wanja runs a small poultry farm. She wants to ensure her chickens are healthy and productive, and that the
products she obtains from them are processed hygienically.
a) Name two examples of poultry commonly reared in Kenya, apart from chicken. (2 marks)
i. ______________________________________________________________________________.
b) Mama Wanja observes one of her chickens showing signs of dullness, ruffled feathers, and greenish
droppings.
i. What does this indicate about the chicken's health? (1 mark)
______________________________________________________________________________________
ii. Suggest two management practices Mama Wanja can implement to prevent diseases in her poultry flock. (4
marks)
______________________________________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________
c) After slaughtering a chicken, Mama Wanja needs to process the carcass for consumption. List the correct
sequence of steps involved in dressing a poultry carcass after beheading. (3 marks)
i. ______________________________________________________________________________.
ii. ______________________________________________________________________________.
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iii. ______________________________________________________________________________.
36. The Chemelil family recently harvested a bumper crop of milk and meat. They want to preserve these animal
products for an extended period to ensure food security.
a) Explain two traditional methods the Chemelil family can use to preserve their milk. (4 marks)
i. ______________________________________________________________________________.
ii. ______________________________________________________________________________.
b) State two methods they can use to preserve their meat without refrigeration. (2 marks)
i. ______________________________________________________________________________.
ii. ______________________________________________________________________________.
c) After preservation, the family is preparing a meal. They want to ensure it's a balanced diet.
i. Name three components of a balanced diet. (3 marks)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
ii. When presenting a meal, what is the primary importance of good table dining manners? (2 marks)
_______________________________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________________________
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37. Aisha is learning new sewing skills in her Home Science class. She wants to construct a simple household item
using different types of seams.
a) Aisha decides to make a pillowcase. Which type of seam would be most suitable for joining the edges of the
pillowcase, considering it needs to be durable and neat? (1 mark)
i. ______________________________________________________________________________.
b) Besides constructing household items, state two other practical applications of sewing skills. (2 marks)
i. ______________________________________________________________________________.
ii. ______________________________________________________________________________.
c) Aisha's mother is doing laundry. She wants to wash some loose coloured clothes without them bleeding onto
other garments.
i. What specific laundry practice should her mother follow to avoid colour bleeding? (1 mark)
____________________________________________________________________________________
ii. State one importance of disinfecting clothing and household articles. (1 mark)
___________________________________________________________________________________
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