Practice Test 19

Reading and Writing

27 QUESTIONS

DIRECTIONS

The questions in this section address a number of important reading and writing skills. Each

question includes one or more passages, which may include a table or graph. Read each passage

and question carefully, and then choose the best answer to the question based on the passage(s).

All questions in this section are multiple-choice with four answer choices. Each question has a

single best answer.

Art is never ______, nor is it meant to be. A poem written The fact that the average life expectancy ten

today looks and sounds vastly different from a poem by thousand years ago was so much shorter than it is

Shakespeare, and a modern symphony no longer now is often ________ as evidence supporting the

resembles one by Beethoven. So it is with the novel, notion that the world always improves with time.

that still relatively young member of the literary family However, if you correct for the fact that most children

(many consider Don Quixote, published in 1605, to be in that epoch died in childbirth, life expectancy for

the first). The novel is evolving to reflect the changing those who survived birth was nearly the same then

world for better or for worse. as it is now.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical Which choice completes the text with the most

and precise word or phrase? logical and precise word or phrase?

A) immovable A) cited

B) sluggish B) disregarded

C) static C) embodied

D) stationary D) embedded

1
Academic work can be as taxing as manual labor. The This passage is adapted from A Study in Scarlet
As the weeks went by, my interest in him and my
misconception that cerebral work strains the mind less
curiosity as to his aims in life gradually deepended and
than physical work strains the body has been proven
increased. His very person and appearance were such
wrong by scientific investigation as well as by anecdotal
as to strike the attention of the most casual observer.
evidence. It is simply not true that the _________
In height he was rather over six feet, and so excessively
musings of a mathematician are necessarily easier
lean that he seemed to be considerably taller. His eyes
than the physical labor of, say, a carpenter.
were sharp and piercing, save during those intervals of

torpor to which I have alluded; and his thin, hawk-like

Which choice completes the text with the most logical
nose gave his whole expression an air of alertness and
and precise word or phrase?
decision.
A) quotidian

B) extraordinary
As used in the text, what does the word “torpor” most
C) intellectual
nearly mean?
D) bias
A) agitation

B) sluggishness

C) alertness

D) illness

2
Art forgery is a peculiar curse. Reliant on camouflage and deception, on the rhetoric of the believable lie, it is an

act both audacious and self-effacing. For the imitation to succeed in fooling us, it must resemble one or more

works that we have been led to believe are undoctored originals. Without something to mimic, the fake could not

exist. And the forger of old masters’ drawings, like the forger of twenty-dollar bills or United States’ passports,

must be skilled enough to fool eyes that by now are practiced at uncovering deceit.

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

A) Describe the motivations of art forgers.

B) Indicate the artistic merit of particular forgeries

C) Discuss the challenges facing art forgers

D) Catalogue the skills of a successful art forger

3
This passage is adapted from F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Beautiful and the Damned, originally published in 1922.
Anthony and Gloria, a young couple, have been discussing the possibility that Anthony’s grandfather will fund
Anthony to go to Europe as a war correspondent.
Anthony found his wife deep in the porch hammock voluptuously engaged with a lemonade and a

tomato sandwich.

They rejoiced happily, gay again with reborn irresponsibility. Then he told her of his opportunity to go

abroad, and that he was almost ashamed to reject it.

“What do you think? Just tell me frankly.”

“Why, Anthony!” Her eyes were startled. “Do you want to go? Without me?”

His face fell yet he knew, with his wife’s question, that it was too late. Her arms, sweet and strangling,

were around him, for he had made all such choices back in that room in the Plaza the year before. This was an

anachronism from an age of such dreams.

“Gloria,” he lied, in a great burst of comprehension, “of course I don’t. I was thinking you might go as a

nurse or something.”

Which choice best describes the function of the first sentence in the overall structure of the text?

A) Characterize Gloria’s tendency toward self-indulgence.

B) Establish the topic of the conversation that follows.

C) Contrast Gloria’s indolence with Anthony’s ambitiousness.

D) Indicate Gloria’s ability to find enjoyment despite the couple’s poverty.

4
Support is growing for the alternative theory that people using watercraft, possibly skin boats, moved southward

from Beringia along the Gulf of Alaska and then south-ward along the Northwest Coast of North America possibly

as early as 16,000 years ago. This route would have enabled humans to enter southern areas of the Americas

prior to the melting of the continental glaciers. Until the early 1970s, most archaeologists did not consider the

coast a possible migration route into the Americas because geologists originally believed that during the last Ice

Age the entire Northwest Coast was covered by glacial ice. It had been assumed that the ice extended westward

from the Alaskan/Canadian mountains to the very edge of the continental shelf—the flat, submerged part of the

continent that extends into the ocean. This would have created a barrier of ice extending from the Alaska

Peninsula, through the Gulf of Alaska and southward along the Northwest Coast of North America to what is

today the state of Washington.

Which choice best describes the overall structure of the text?

A) The text begins by presenting a theory and then goes on to discuss why the theory was rapidly accepted

but then rejected.

B) The text begins by presenting a theory and then goes on to present the evidence on which the theory

was based.

C) The text begins by presenting a theory and then goes on to cite evidence that now shows that the theory

is incorrect.

D) The text begins by presenting a theory and then goes on to explain why the theory was not initially

considered plausible.

5
The following diary entry was written on April 13, 1645

Mr. Hopkins, the governor of Hartford upon Connecticut, came to Boston, and brought his wife with him, (a godly

young woman, and of special parts,) who was fallen into a sad infirmity, the loss of her understanding and

reason, which had been growing on her diverse years, by occasion of her giving herself wholly to reading and

writing, and had written many books. Her husband, being very loving and tender of her, was loath to grieve her;

but he saw his error, when it was too late. For if she had attended to her household affairs, and such things as

belong to women, and not gone out of her way and calling to meddle in such things as are proper for men,

whose minds are stronger, etc., she had kept her wits, and might have improved them usefully and honorably. He

brought her to Boston, and left her with her brother, one Mr. Yale, a merchant, to try what means might be had

here for her. But no help could be had.

Which choice best states the main idea of the text?

A) Education can be very demanding for all young people and can even cause them to suffer a nervous

breakdown.

B) Wealthier people have strong advantages when it comes to educational and medical opportunities.

C) There is so much household work to be done that it can only be accomplished if spouses share

responsibilities equally.

D) In the seventeenth century, some people believed that women were too delicate to take much learning;

rather, they were fit only for household duties.

6
Written by John Henry Newman in 1852, the following passage presents Newman’s idea of the purpose and
benefits of a university education.

I have said that all branches of knowledge are connected together, because the subject-matter of knowledge is

intimately united in itself [ . . . ]. Hence it is that the Sciences, into which our knowledge may be said to be cast,

have multiple bearings on one another, and an internal sympathy, and admit, or rather demand, comparison and

adjustment. They complete, correct, and balance each other. This consideration, if well-founded, must be taken

into account, not only as regards the attainment of truth, which is their common end, but as regards the

influence which they excise upon those whose education consists in the study of them. I have already said, that to

give undue prominence to one is to be unjust to another; to neglect or supersede these is to divert those from

their proper object. It is to unsettle the boundary lines between science and science, to disturb their action, to

destroy the harmony which binds them together. Such a proceeding will have a corresponding effect when

introduced into a place of education. There is no science but tells a different tale, when viewed as a portion of a

whole, from what it is likely to suggest when taken by itself, without the safeguard, as I may call it, of others.

Which choice best states the main idea of the text?

A) Each science should be studied independently.

B) The sciences are interrelated.

C) The boundary lines between each of the sciences should be clearer.

D) Some sciences are unduly given more emphasis than others at the university level.

7
Three Pintail ducks from North America were shot in widely separated places in far distant parts of the world: one

duck was taken near Cali, Colombia, South America; one on an island in the Pacific; and the last along the Dart

River in England. The South American hunter learned that his duck had come from North Dakota. The

weatherman in the Pacific discovered that his bird had been in northern California, more than 4,600 miles away,

just 3 months before. The English sportsman found that his Pintail duck was just 21 days before had been in

Labrador, some 2,200 miles across the Atlantic. How did these hunters know their ducks had come from North

America?

Which choice best states the main purpose of the text?

A) Suggest that hunters are responsible people deeply involved with conserving wildlife.

B) Imply that many people do not believe that hunting is humane.

C) Show that pintail ducks can travel to far points of the globe.

D) Explain how one duck was shot in South America.

8
Mapmakers are more than just GIS experts and designers, though: they’re storytellers who craft narratives

through the selection, arrangement, and juxtaposition of spatial information. In Infinite City: A San Francisco

Atlas, a 2010 collection by Rebecca Solnit, each of the atlas’s twenty-two maps tells a distinct story. A map

pinpointing the city’s coffee shops also charts sewer lines and reservoirs to show how commerce, infrastructure,

and natural resources are interrelated. Another relays the rise and decline of cinema culture in San Francisco by

juxtaposing sites where Alfred Hitchcock filmed his iconic movie Vertigo with locations where movie theaters have

recently closed. Of this collection, L.A. Times reviewer Lynell George wrote, _______________

Which quotation from George’s review most effectively illustrates the claim?

A) “We often speak of inhabiting a place, a country, a city or our own small plot of land but seldom do we

pause to deeply consider how that place inhabits us.”

B) “Infinite City examines that San Francisco, a physically compact place that contains multitudes.”

C) “This book alters the focus and point of view; it tells the story of a city through the voices of its

inhabitants’ obsessions, dreams, predilections, passions. It allows what lies beneath the surface to

speak.”

D) “Passing through these newly mapped territories, we begin to see that ‘place,’ as Solnit emphasizes, is an

imprecise word.”

9
Carolina chickadees produce more calls, and often more D notes in those calls, when they detect a perched avian

predator model than when no model is present. For example, in a 2009 study, Chad Soard and Gary Ritchison of

Eastern Kentucky University placed six perched avian-predator models in the habitat of Carolina chickadees. The

models, all of which represented hawk and owl species, ranged in size and type from small, agile predators like

Eastern screech owls (Megascops asio) and sharp-shinned hawks to large, relatively slow-moving predators like

great horned owls (Bubo virginianus) and red-tailed hawks (Buteo jamaicensis). The former predator represents

real threats to small songbird species, whereas the latter do not. Chickadees produced more D notes in their calls

when smaller, more threatening avian predators were present. Later the researchers played back chick-a-dee calls

recorded in these different threat contexts to chickadees in their habitat. The authors found that chickadees were

more likely to mob the playback speaker—to approach it closely in large numbers—when it was playing calls

recorded when a small predator model was present than when the speaker was playing calls recorded when a

large predator model was present.

Which conclusion about chickadee behavior is supported by both the data in the graph and the text?

A) Chickadees would likely approach the American kestrel model more closely than they would the

red-tailed hawk model.

B) Chickadees would be more likely to mob the great horned owl model than they would the Cooper’s hawk

model.

10
C) Chickadees would be more likely to signal a flight response in the presence of the red-tailed hawk model

than in the presence of any other model.

D) Chickadees would likely ignore the presence of larger birds of prey like the great horned owl and

red-tailed hawk.

11
Research by a team of scientists led by geriatrician Labros Sidossis found that the kind of stress that accompanies

massive third-degree burns may induce the human body to convert normal fat cells into brown fat, which burn

calories at a higher rate. White adipose tissue-normal, white fat-accounts for most of the fat in the bodies of most

mammals. Small mammals and newborn humans, however, have a high proportion of brown fat. The key

difference between the two, and the factor that has led scientists and physicians to believe that brown fat has

potential to combat obesity, is that brown fat contains a surfeit of mitochondria: the structures within body cells

that are responsible for producing energy. This means that brown fat burns more calories and releases more heat

when it burns. After all, the function of naturally-occuring brown fat is to generate heat in small animals, or in

human infants who do not yet have the ability to shiver.

Does the information in the graph support the author’s statements regarding brown fat percentages in humans?

A) Yes, because its data match exactly the trend the author describes.

B) Yes, because it suggests that all infant mammals have high brown fat levels.

C) No, because it illustrates information contradictory to the author’s assertions.

D) No, because it does not provide information relevant to human infants.

12
At large amusement parks, live shows are used very deliberately to influence crowd movements. Lunchtime

performances relieve the pressure on a park’s restaurants. Evening performances have a rather different

purpose: to encourage visitors to stay for supper. Behind this surface divergence in immediate purpose their is

the unified underlying goal of _________

Which choice most logically completes the text?

A) keeping the lines at the various rides short by drawing off part of the crowd.

B) enhancing revenue by attracting people who come only for the live shows and then leave the park.

C) avoiding as far as possible traffic jams caused by visitors entering or leaving the park.

D) utilizing the restaurants at optimal levels for as much of the day as possible.

No one person invented rock and roll single-handedly, It is the world’s most famous painting, endlessly

but for years both ______________ no individual is due admired, analyzed, and parodied for over 500 years.

more credit than Chuck Berry. The singer, songwriter, You’d think that any sane thief would set his sights on a

and guitarist behind such rock classics as “Maybelline” less ambitious target. But in 1911, Leonardo da Vinci’s

and “Johnny B. Groode” was a major influence on masterpieces, the Mona Lisa,

everything from the songwriting of the Beatles to the ______________________________ for two years.

guitar playing of Jimi Hedrix. He sold millions of records Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to

and in 1986 was among the first class of inductees into the conventions of Standard English?

the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. A) was stolen, and it remained missing

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to B) went missing and was stolen

the conventions of Standard English? C) had been stolen, remaining missing

A) critics, and fans have agreed that D) was missing

B) critics and fans have agreed, that

C) critics, and fans have agreed, that

D) critics and fans have agreed that

13
The Huns were not a nomadic tribe of brutes that His enemies ______ “The Scourge of God.” His name is

popular culture has often portrayed them as being. At synonymous with cruelty, mercilessness, and

the time of Attila’s birth in 406, the Huns were a vast barbarism of all kinds. But has history really been fair

and effectively run nation stretching all the way from to the fifth-century king and military leader known to

___________ to the west of what is now Germany, far us as Attila the Hun? Modern historians agree that it

larger and less fragmented than the Western Roman has not. Traditional views of this period in Europe have

Empire then was. been based on Roman sources, which even at their

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to best are still biased against Attila, and at worst contain

the conventions of Standard English? outright lies.

A) Asias central seas Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to

B) Asia’s central seas the conventions of Standard English?

C) Asias central sea’s A) dubbed

D) Asias’ central sea’s B) dubbed him

C) dubbed to him

D) dubbed him for

14
Attila became king upon the death of his uncle in 434 On Christma Eve of 1914, near the town of ___________

and ________ with Western Rome for the first part of his and English forces had fought to a standstill from their

reign. Roman armies in what is now France recruited opposed trenches. Both sides had sent miners to dig

soldiers from Hun lands with Attila’s permission, and tunnels toward the enemy line. Underground, each unit

the two empires traded freely and even extradited could hear the sounds of the other’s digging getting

criminals to each other. The trouble started in 450, closer, and knew that the tunnels would soon meet and

when Honoria, the sister of the emperor, offered a firefight would erupt in the darkness at point-blank

herself in marriage to Attila in an attempt to escape an range.

arranged union with a much older senator. Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to the conventions of Standard English?

the conventions of Standard English? A) Ypres, Belgium, German,

A) coexisting peacefully B) Ypres, Belgium, German

B) coexists in peace C) Ypres, Belgium German

C) coexisted peacefully D) Ypres, Belgium, and German

D) peaceful coexistence

15
By the time World War I ended in 1918, 16 million Although many of our nation’s founders wanted to

people had been killed in battle, three world powers avoid anything associated with monarchism, they

had ceased to exist altogether, and nothing discernible recognized that one of its benefits was the lack of civil

had been accomplished. The devastation ended up struggles over succession. ___________ they established

leading directly to the existence of both the Soviet that the executive branch would include a Vice

Union and Nazi Germany. Just about the only good President who would have no particular role except to

thing that came out of it was the story of a few young take command if the President dies, resigns, or is

men who couldn’t _________ each other’s languages but removed from office.

still decided that they would rather play soccer than

fight. Which choice completes the text with the most logical

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to transition?

the conventions of Standard English? A) Then

A) understand or comprehend B) In so doing,

B) understand nor comprehend C) Nevertheless,

C) understandably comprehend D) Accordingly,

D) understand

16
The band that became the Chuck Berry Trio in 1955 Vincenzo Peruggia was an Italian immigrant who had

was originally the Johnnie Johnson Trio, and Berry, a worked at France’s famous Louvre museum for barely a

struggling local musician, had joined as a last-minute month, ________ enough time for him to formulate a

addition when a member fell ill before a St. Louis gig in daring plan. Knowing that the museum would be

1953. _______ Berry claimed sole responsibility for the closed for restorations on August 21, he hid inside at

many hits that soon followed, his gift for composition closing the night before. The following day, disguised

mysteriously dried up after he stopped working with in a smock, Peruggia walked around looking busy until

Johnson. Berry was jailed in 1959 over shady goings-on he found himself alone in the gallery where the Mona

at a nightclub he owned, and his only Top Ten hits after Lisa hung.

his 1963 release were a silly novelty record called “My Which choice completes the text with the most logical

Ding-a-Ling” and a tune called “No Particular Place to transition?

Go,” which was clearly just the Berry classic “School A) this was

Days” with new lyrics. B) evidently

Which choice completes the text with the most logical C) luckily

transition? D) susceptible

A) Although

B) Since

C) On the other hand,

D) Therefore

17
In 1911, Vincenzo Peruggia, an Italian immigrant who had worked at France’s famous Louvre, stole the world’s

most famous painting Mona Lisa from the Louvre. As time passed, the search lost momentum and masterwork

was feared gone forever. Fortunately, Peruggia’s motivation for the crime led to its recovery: he felt that the Mona

Lisa belonged in da Vinci’s native Italy, ___________ it had been stolen by Napoleon a century earlier.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical transition?

A) from whence

B) after which

C) into there

D) whereas

While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

● World War I started with the assassination of an Austrian nobleman in the summer of 1914.

● 'Great War' was the most commonly used name for the First World War at the time.

● As the first pan-European War since Napoleon, 'Great' simply indicated the enormous scale of the conflict

● Tanks and warplanes were first put into use during the war.

● The most commonly used gas in WWI was 'mustard gas'

● There were 20 million deaths and 21 million wounded. The total number of deaths includes 9.7 million

military personnel and about 10 million civilians.

The student wants to emphasize the human cost of the war. Which of the following most effectively uses the

note to achieve that goal?

A) The Great War, or World War I as it would come to be called, was the deadliest conflict the Western World

had ever seen.

B) The Great War, or World War I as it would come to be called, was the first modern war, involving horrors

beyond description.

C) World War I, also known as “The Great War”, led directly to the deadly Spanish Flu epidemic.

D) World War I or “The Great War” is the only major war where the inhuman weapon of mustard gas was

used.

18
While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

● Ancient Native American and Australian Aboriginal cultures described the Pleiades star cluster as havi

seven stars.

● It was referred to as the Seven Sisters in the mythology of ancient Greece.

● Today, the cluster appears to have only six stars.

● Two of the stars have moved so close together that they now appear as one.

The student wants to specify the reason the Pleiades’ appearance changed. Which choice most effectively uses

relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

A) Ancient Native American and Australian Aboriginal cultures described the Pleiades, which was referred to

in Greek mythology as the Seven Sisters, as having seven stars.

B) Although once referred to as the Seven Sisters, the Pleiades appears to have only six stars today.

C) In the time since ancient cultures described the Pleiades as having seven stars, two of the cluster’s stars

have moved so close together that they now appear as one.

D) The Pleiades has seven stars, but two are so close together that they appear to be a single star.

STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any

other module in the test.

19
 Reading and Writing
27 QUESTIONS

DIRECTIONS

The questions in this section address a number of important reading and writing skills. Each

question includes one or more passages, which may include a table or graph. Read each passage

and question carefully, and then choose the best answer to the question based on the passage(s).

All questions in this section are multiple-choice with four answer choices. Each question has a

single best answer

While taller wind turbines would allow more areas of the country to provide cost-effective alternative energy,

there are several ___________ that engineers are currently facing while trying to build such turbines. Taller towers

necessitate stouter bases, requiring the current width to be nearly doubled. This leads to a concomitant issue:

these wider sections would be too large to travel on modern highways, meaning that the taller turbines would

need to be constructed at the location where they are to eventually stand.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

A) flaws

B) supplements

C) complications

D) suggestions

20
Frederick the Great of Prussia was known for his sangfroid under fire during his military victories; however, when

confronting issues of domestic policy, this equilibrium sometimes failed him. He was often _________ with his

ministers, who never knew when they might be subjected to one of his tirades.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

A) fascist

B) mercurial

C) vainglorious

D) intrepidity

The eyes of the mantis shrimp have more types of Economists have developed such sophisticated and

photoreceptors, or color-detecting cells, than those of _________ mathematical tools for modeling human

any other animal on the planet. While one would think behavior that other social scientists often employ those

that this would allow the mantis shrimp to better tools to model and help explicate even decisions that

_________ colors, researchers have found this to be have no obvious economic consequences.

baseless.

Which choice completes the text with the most logical

Which choice completes the text with the most logical and precise word or phrase?

and precise word or phrase? A) eclectic

A) improve B) populist

B) discriminate C) versatile

C) distort D) interpolate

D) liberate

21
Text 1
This text is adapted from Cristina Eisenberg, The Carnivore Way: Coexisting with and Conserving North America’s
Predators. ©2014 by Cristina Eisenberg.
Ripple and colleagues hypothesized that two mechanisms would drive wolf-coyote-lynx-snowshoe hare trophic

cascades. First, by killing coyotes, wolves would reverse the mesopredator release that had occurred when wolves

had been extirpated from this region nearly a century earlier. When humans hunted wolves to extinction, they

removed an important check on coyote numbers-creating a “release” on the numbers of this mid-sized predator.

Coyote numbers increased, which put more pressure on lynx via competition for food resources such as

snowshoe hares. Therefore, by reducing coyotes in this system, a returning wolf population could indirectly

create ecological benefits for lynx. The researchers further hypothesized that because coyotes also prey on lynx, a

reduction of coyote numbers by wolves would release predation pressure on lynx.

Text 2
This text is adapted from John R. Squires et al., “Missing Lynx and Trophic Cascades in Food Webs A Reply to
Ripple et al.” ©2012 by The Wildlife Society.
Buskirk et al. hypothesized that coyotes compete with lynx through both interference competition (direct killing

or displacement) and indirect exploitative competition for shared food resources. Ripple et al. speculated that

these interactions are, in part, responsible for the imperiled status of southern lynx. Unfortunately, evidence for

interference competition is essentially limited to anecdotal observations. An observation of a single juvenile lynx

killed by a coyote in the Yukon is not prima facie [at first sight] evidence for a trophic-level interaction.

How does the authors of Text 2 suggest about the underlined hypothesis in Text 1?

A) The hypothesis is contradicted by anecdotal observations.

B) The hypothesis is valid for many populations but not for all.

C) The hypothesis is difficult to test in a natural setting.

D) The hypothesis is based on insufficient data.

22
The following passage tells of the mythological Greek god Prometheus.
Without a doubt, one of the most interesting mythological characters is the Greek god Prometheus. A complex

character with an undying love for the human beings he created, Prometheus embodies a rich combination of

often contradictory characteristics, including loyalty and defiance, trickery and trustworthiness. He shows

resilience and resolve in his actions yet weakness in his fondness for humankind.

What is the main idea of the text?

A) Prometheus is disrespectful of authority.

B) Prometheus is the mythological creator of humans.

C) Prometheus should not have been so fond of humans.

D) Prometheus is a fascinating character because of his complexity

23
My reader may well feel that goodness is already the most familiar of all the thoughts we employ, and yet he may

at the same time suspect that there is something about it perplexingly remote. Familiar it certainly is. It attends

all our wishes, acts, and projects as nothing else does, so that no estimate of its influence can be excessive. When

we take a walk, read a book, pick out a dress, visit a friend, attend a concert, cast a vote, enter into business, we

always do it in the hope of attaining something good. Since they are so frequently encountering goodness, both

laymen and scholars are apt to assume that it is altogether clear and requires no explanation. But the very

reverse is the truth. Familiarity obscures. It breeds instincts and not understanding. So woven has goodness

become with the very web of life that it is hard to disentangle. Consequently, we employ the word or some

synonym of it during pretty much every waking hour of our lives. Wishing some test of this frequency I turned to

Shakespeare, and found that he uses the word “good” fifteen hundred times, and its derivatives “goodness,”

“better,” and “best,” about as many more. He could not make men and women talk right without incessant

reference to this concept.

According to the passage, why does the author concern himself with Shakespeare’s usage of the word good?

A) He was seeking confirmation for his belief that both the use of the word and the concept of good are

strikingly common.

B) He was looking for a definition of the concept of good and turned to Shakespeare for inspiration.

C) He was trying to understand the lack of the concept of good and goodness in the works of Shakespeare.

D) He was seeking support for his belief that Shakespeare was able to use the concept of good more

effectively than any other author.

24
This text is adapted from F. Scott Fitzgerald, The Beautiful and the Damned, originally published in 1922. Anthony
and Gloria, a young couple, have been discussing the possibility that Anthony’s grandfather will fund Anthony to
go to Europe as a war correspondent.
“Work!” she scoffed. “Oh, you sad bird! You bluffer! Work—that means a great arranging of the desk and

the lights, a great sharpening of pencils, and ‘Gloria, don’t sing!’ and ‘Please keep that damn cook Tana away from

me,’ and ‘Let me read you my opening sentence,’ and ‘I won’t be through for a long time, Gloria, so don’t stay up

for me,’ and a tremendous consumption of tea or coffee. And that’s all. In just about an hour I hear the old pencil

stop scratching and look over. You’ve got out a book and you’re ‘looking up’ something. Then you’re reading. Then

yawns—then bed and a great tossing about because you’re all full of caffeine and can’t sleep. Two weeks later the

whole performance over again.”

With much difficulty Anthony retained a scanty breech-clout* of dignity.

*a thin strip of material; a loincloth

According to the text, why is Gloria upset?

A) She believes that Anthony is being insincere about his desire to work.

B) She is afraid that Anthony will not put on a convincing performance for his grandfather.

C) She is concerned that Anthony is considering going on the trip without her.

D) She realizes that Anthony is unlikely to secure gainful employment.

25
The Old World and Its Ways is a travel narrative published by American activist and politician William Jennings

Bryan in 1907. In the book, Bryan characterizes travelers in foreign lands as uninformed about important aspects

of their surroundings: _________

Which quotation from the book most effectively illustrates the claim?

A) “The mountains tower above him, and he sees them; the chasms yawn before him and he beholds them”

B) “He frequently meets the merchant in his store, sees the laborer at his work quite often, and occasionally

beholds a grandee in his carriage”

C) “but not being able to speak the language of the country he learns little about the forms of government

and less about the political aspirations of the people”

D) “the science of government is one of the most important sciences, and the “royal art,” as it has been

called, stands first among the arts.”

26
According to Dr. Hauguel, colds and flu are caused by different viruses, while allergies are most commonly caused

by airborne pathogens like pollen or dander. All three illness usually involve ___________________________

Which choice most effectively uses data from the table to complete the text?

A) congestion and sneezing, but the flu is commonly distinguished by high, prolonged fever as well as

headache and often severe pain.

B) fever and sneezing, but the flu is commonly distinguished by sore throat and congestion.

C) fatigue and headache, but the flu is commonly distinguished by cough, sore throat, and mild fever.

D) congestion and headache, but the flu is commonly distinguished by high, prolonged fever and sore

throat.

27
In 2009, two Dutch researchers explored whether temperature could affect how close people thought they were

to others. The researchers had participants hold warm or cold beverages. The experimenter asked each

participant to hold a beverage for a few minutes while he was pretending to install a questionnaire on the

computer. The experimenter then took the beverages from the participants and asked them to think of a real

person they knew and rate how close they were to that person. Participants who were holding a warm beverage

perceived the person in mind as closer emotionally to them than did those who were holding a cold beverage.

This is surprising because most of us believe that our most intimate connections are stable on a day-to-day basis.

We don't expect them to be influenced by the temperature of the drink we hold.

Which finding, if true, would most clearly serve to weaken the conclusion drawn from the 2009 study?

A) Many participants who were holding a warm beverage were thinking of a person they had known for a

relatively short time.

B) Many participants who were holding a cold beverage were thinking of a person they were not

particularly close to.

C) Many participants who were holding a cold beverage did not typically drink cold beverages.

D) Many participants who were holding a cold beverage had consumed another beverage before the study.

28
In a marketing study, consumers were given two unlabeled cartons of laundry detergent. One carton was bright

green and yellow; the other was drab brown and gray. After using the detergent in the two cartons for one

month, 83 percent of the consumers in the study reported that the detergent in the bright green and yellow

carton cleaned better. This study shows that packaging has a significant impact on consumers’ judgment of the

effectiveness of a laundry detergent.

Which finding, if true, would most directly strengthen the conclusion drawn in the marketing study?

A) The detergent in the bright carton contained bleach crystals; the detergent in the drab carton did not.

B) The detergents in the two cartons were the same.

C) The detergents in the two cartons were different, but they had both been laboratory tested.

D) The detergent in the drab carton was a popular name brand; the detergent in the bright carton was

generic.

29
 Many companies have been pushing for a three-week
As long as savings deposits are insured by the
extension of daylight saving time, which would mean
government, depositors will have no incentive to
that the sun would continue to set an hour later during
evaluate the financial strength of a savings bank. Yield
the fall months. The owners of a chain of convenience
alone will influence their choice of bank. To attract
stores, for example, expect to gain $15 million a year in
deposits, banks will be forced to offer the highest
additional sales, mostly from people who tend to
possible interest rates. And since paying higher rates
_____________
inevitably strains the financial strength of a bank,

______________
Which choice most logically completes the text?
Which choice most logically completes the text?
A) stay away from these stores after dark
A) the government will be forced to impose
B) stay outdoors during the fall months
limitations on interest rates.
C) spend more money in the fall
B) deposit insurance will ultimately lead to the
D) spend less money in the fall
financial weakening of many banks.

C) savers will be forced to choose between

deposit insurance and higher interest rates.

D) deposits will tend to go to the banks with the

greatest financial strength.

30
When a project is failing and should be terminated, After the Civil War, Mary Edwards Walker was

plan to bring in a new manager. New managers are recommended for the Medal of Honor, and received it

more likely to terminate the project than are the in November 1865. Walker then devoted herself to the

original managers because ______ cause of feminism, becoming an early leader in the

struggle of American ______________________ two books

Which choice most logically completes the text? on the subject. Sadly, she fell out of favor with other

A) the project may have failed for reasons that prominent feminists over differences of opinion on

the original manager could not have foreseen. strategy, and was increasingly ignored. Mary’s story

B) organizations tend to reward managers who took an even sadder turn in 1917, when Congress

can overcome problems. revised the standards for the Medal of Honor,

C) the original managers were not necessarily stipulating that it could only be won for actions taken

able to overcome problems caused by external in combat.

events over which they had no control.

D) the new managers have no need to justify the Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to

earlier decision to maintain the project. the conventions of Standard English?

A) women for the right to vote and authoring

B) women, for the right to vote and authoring

C) women for the right to vote, and authoring

D) women, for the right to vote, and authoring

31
He was born in Oregon in 1954, the son of a The rabbit strip, called Life in Hell, came to the

schoolteacher mother ______________ in a Mennonite attention of a successful _________ the

community. He never liked or excelled in school, and thirty-one-year-old cartoonist about the possibility of

chose to attend a “hippie college” in Washington State doing animated shorts for television. The artist was

that had been founded only five years earlier and didn't thrilled, but while waiting in the lobby of the producer’s

even give grades. building before his big meeting, he had a series of

terrifying thoughts.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to

the conventions of Standard English? Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to

A) and his father had grown up the conventions of Standard English?

B) and father grew up A) producer, who contacted

C) and whose father grew up B) producer then contacted

D) and a father who’d grown up C) producer, and contacted

D) producer contacted

32
People often ______________________ a third-party As the sitting vice president, Theodore Roosevelt

candidate. It’s true that no presidential candidate who ascended to the presidency upon the assassination of

didn’t represent one of the two major parties has ever President William McKinley in 1901 (only 42 at the time,

won an election, but there have been a few elections in he remains the youngest president ever). Despite early

living memory where a third-party candidate has won a concerns about his youth and _________________ as the

few states. And although most people don’t realize it, public affectionately nicknamed him—soon became

there has been one presidential election in American immensely popular, steering the Republican Party in a

history where a third-party candidate came in second. progressive new direction that emphasized nature

conservation and opposition to corporate power.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to

the conventions of Standard English? Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to

A) say that you’re “throwing your vote away,” by the conventions of Standard English?

voting for A) temperament, Roosevelt, or “Teddy”

B) say, that you’re “throwing your vote away,” by B) temperament, Roosevelt or “Teddy,”

voting for C) temperament, Roosevelt—or “Teddy”

C) say, that you’re “throwing your vote away” by D) temperament. Roosevelt, or “Teddy”

voting, for

D) say that you’re “throwing your vote away” by

voting for

33
The Congressional Medal of Honor is the United States’ The 2004 discovery of extinct hominid Homo

highest military decoration, awarded for gallantry floresiensis brought renewed interest in the Yeti and

above and beyond the call of duty. Its recipients are exciting new finds. A 2007 investigation by an American

_______ a buck private who wears the Medal of Honor TV program obtained a hair sample that testing

will be saluted by a general. The decoration is revealed belonged to “an unknown primate.” And just

presented personally by the president, but the last year, the team of Japanese adventurer Yoshiteru

requirements for winning involve such great personal __________ to have seen Yeti in 2003, ventured into the

danger that nearly half the time it is received Himalayas, determined to capture the furry fellow on

posthumously. film at last.

Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to Which choice completes the text so that it conforms to

the conventions of Standard English? the conventions of Standard English?

A) respected, which A) Takahashi claiming

B) respecting which B) Takahashi claimed

C) respected, in which C) Takahashi that claimed

D) so respected that D) Takahashi, who claims

34
Mary Edwards Walker was born on a farm in Oswego, Most of the battles and people mentioned in the

New York, in 1832. The youngest of five daughters, she Historia can be historically verified, which seems to

became accustomed to wearing male clothing from support the historicity of Arthur. And yet, the earlier

performing farmwork, and throughout her life would texts that corroborate the accounts of the battles make

occasionally be arrested for impersonating a man. no mention of him. ______ the Historia does not even

After saving money from working as a schoolteacher, call Arthur a king at all, but only a “war leader” who

she put herself through Syracuse Medical College, successfully commanded the Britons in several battles

graduating in 1855 as the only woman in her class. She against the invading Saxons.

and her husband Albert opened a clinic, but _____

women doctors were an odd thing in those days, Which choice completes the text with the most logical

business was poor. transition?

A) Therefore,

Which choice completes the text with the most logical B) Although,

transition? C) Meanwhile,

A) because D) Curiously,

B) although

C) alternatively

D) thereby

35
They say boys won’t dance unless their lives depend on In Louisville, Kentucky in 1954, a 12-year-old Cassius

it, but in my case all it took was for this girl I had a Clay’s bike was stolen. _______ he vowed to beat up the

major crush on to start a ballroom dance club near the thief if he ever found him, and someone suggested

end of our sophomore year in college. Since I’d been that Cassius had better take boxing lessons before

hearing for years about how impossible it is to get boys making such boasts.

to dance, I hypothesized that no guys would show up

except total nerds who couldn’t find any other way to Which choice completes the text with the most logical

interact with girls. ______ this category included me as transition?

well, but I figured that maybe out of all the nerds I’d be A) Devastated,

the coolest one. B) Fortunate,

C) Despite

Which choice completes the text with the most logical D) Despite the fact that

transition?

A) Afterwards,

B) Allegorically,

C) Apparently,

D) Although

36
While researching a topic, a student has taken the following notes:

● Gaspar Enriquez is an artist.

● He specializes in portraits of Mexican Americans.

● A portrait is an artistic representation of a person.

● Enriquez completed a painting of the sculptor Luis Jimenez in 2003.

● He completed a drawing of the writer Rudolfo Anaya in 2016.

The student wants to emphasize a difference between the two portraits. Which choice most effectively uses

relevant information from the notes to accomplish this goal?

A) The portraits, or artistic representations, of Luis Jimenez and Rudolfo Anaya were both completed by

Enriquez in the early 2000s.

B) Enriquez has completed portraits of numerous Mexican Americans, including sculptor Luis Jimenez and

writer Rudolfo Anaya.

C) While both are by Enriquez, the 2003 portrait of Luis Jimenez is a painting, and the 2016 portrait of

Rudolfo Anaya is a drawing.

D) Luis Jimenez was a Mexican American sculptor, and Rudolfo Anaya was a Mexican American writer.

STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any

other module in the test.

37
Math
22 QUESTIONS

DIRECTIONS

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills. Use of a calculator is

permitted for all questions.

NOTES

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.

• Figures provided are drawn to scale.

• All figures lie in a plane.

• The domain of a given function f is the set of all real numbers x for which f(x) is a real number.

REFERENCE

The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.

The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2n.

The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.

38
 For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem, choose the correct answer from

the choices provided, and then circle your answer in this book. Circle only one answer

for each question. If you change your mind, completely erase the circle. You will not get

credit for questions with more than one answer circled, or for questions with no

answers circled.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and write your

answer next to or under the question in the test book as described below.

● Once you've written your answer, circle it clearly. You will not receive credit for anything

written outside the circle, or for any questions with more than one circled answer.

● If you find more than one correct answer, write and circle only one answer.

● Your answer can be up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6 characters

(including the negative sign) for a negative answer, but no more.

● If your answer is a fraction that is too long (over 5 characters for positive, 6 characters

for negative), write the decimal equivalent.

● If your answer is a decimal that is too long (over 5 characters for positive, 6 characters

for negative), truncate it or round at the fourth digit.

● If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½ 2 ), write it as an improper fraction (7/2)

or its decimal equivalent (3.5).

● Don't include symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign in your circled

answer

39
 A checkers enthusiast is customizing a checkers set by

painting a design on each of the 24 checkers in the set.

It takes the enthusiast 35 minutes to paint the design

on each checker. If 𝑐 of the checkers are already

painted, which of the following represents the number

of additional minutes needed to finish painting the set

of checkers?

A) 24(35 − 𝑐 )

B) 24(𝑐 − 35)

C) 35(24 − 𝑐 )

D) 35(𝑐 − 24)
The lines in the 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒 above are the graphs of

two linear equations. What is the solution (𝑥, 𝑦) to the

system formed by the equations?

A) What is the sum of (3 𝑥 + 4 𝑥 + 8 ) and

5 2
(− 2, 4)

B) (12𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 6)?
3 2
(− 1, 2)

C) A)
8 2
(0 , 0 ) 15𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 14

D) (0, 4) B)
5 3 2
3𝑥 + 12𝑥 + 2𝑥 + 14

C)
5 3 2
3𝑥 + 12𝑥 + 6𝑥 + 14

D) 3𝑥 + 12𝑥 − 2𝑥 + 14
5 3

40
 What are the slope and the 𝑦-intercept of the graph in

the 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒 of the equation 5𝑥 + 4𝑦 + 3 = 0?

A) The slope is − and the 𝑦-intercept is (0, −

5 3
4 4
)

B) The slope is − and the 𝑦-intercept is (0,

5 3
4 4
)

C) The slope is and the 𝑦-intercept is (0, −

5 3
4 4
)

D) The slope is and the 𝑦-intercept is (0,

5 3
4 4
)

Line 𝑙 is shown in the 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒 above. Line 𝑚 (not

shown) is parallel to line 𝑙 and passes through the point

(0, 3). Which of the following is an equation of line 𝑚?

A)
2
𝑦 =− 3
𝑥+ 3

B)
3
𝑦 =− 2
𝑥+ 3

C)
2
𝑦 = 3
𝑥+ 3

D) 𝑦 =
3
2
𝑥+ 3

1
4
𝑥− 2 = 3 − 𝑥

What value of 𝑥 satisfies the equation above?

A)
4
3

B) 4

C) 5

D)
20
3

1 1
In right triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶 above, 𝐵𝐶 = 8. If the cosine of 𝑥 + = 0
◦
𝑥 𝑥−1

is
3
, what is the length of 𝐴𝐵 ? What value of 𝑥 satisfies the equation above?
2

41
 In the function 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑥 + 𝑘 , 𝑘 is a constant. If
2 5
(2𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 + 2) = 0 3

What is the solution to the equation above? 𝑔(9) = 12, what is the value of 𝑔(− 3)?

A)
1
{ 2 , − 2} A) -12

B) -8
B) {−
1
2
, 2}
C) -3
C)
1
{ 2 , − 2, 2}
D) 2
D) {−
1
2
, − 2, 2}

2
𝑥−1 𝑥+1 𝑃(𝑥) = 𝑥 − 11𝑥 + 𝑘
3
= 2
In the function above, 𝑘 is a constant. If 2 is a zero of
What is the solution to the equation shown?
the function, what is the value of 𝑘 ?
A) -5
A) -18
B) -2
B) -2
C) 0
C) 3
D) 1
D) 18

2 1 𝑥−2 1 1
2 − 2
= +
3𝑥 6𝑥
𝑥−3 𝑥 𝑥−3

Which of the following expressions is equivalent to the What is the solution to the equation shown?

expression above for 𝑥 > 0? A) {1}

A) B) {0,3}
1
− 2
2𝑥

B) −
1
2
C) {1,2}
3𝑥

C)
1 D) {1,3}
2
3𝑥

D)
1
2
2𝑥

42
 For a function 𝑓 , 𝑓 (− 1) = 12 and 𝑓 (1) = 16. If the
𝑡
2
𝑃(𝑡) = 60(3)
graph of 𝑦 = 𝑓 (𝑥) is a line in the 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒, what is
The number of microscopic organisms in a petri dish
the slope of the line?
grows exponentially with time. The function P above

models the number of organisms after growing for 𝑡

days in the petri dish. Based on the function, which of

the following statements is true?

A) The predicted number of organisms in the dish

In the 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒, the graph of the equation
triples every two days.
𝑦 = 9𝑥 − 8 intersects the graph of the equation 𝑦 = 𝑥
2

B) The predicted number of organisms in the dish

at two points. What is the sum of the 𝑥-coordinates of
doubles every three days.
the two points?
C) The predicted number of organisms in the dish
A) -9
triples every day.
B) -7
D) The predicted number of organisms in the dish
C) 7
doubles every day.
D) 9

Which of the following expressions is equivalent to (3𝑥 + 2)(2𝑥 + 3)

Which of the following is equivalent to the expression

2
3
(− 4𝑥 ) 3
above?
A)
3 3
− 2𝑥 . 2
A)
2
3𝑥 + 10𝑥 + 5
B)
3 3
−𝑥. 16
B)
2
5𝑥 + 13𝑥 + 5
C)
2 3
2𝑥 . 2
C)
2
D) 2𝑥 .
3 3 6𝑥 + 13𝑥 + 6
16
D)
2
6𝑥 + 15𝑥 + 9

43
 An angle measure of 540 degrees was written in A museum built a scale model of an Apatosaurus

radians as 𝑥π. What is the value of 𝑥? dinosaur skeleton, where 1 centimeter in the

model is equivalent to 16 centimeters of the actual

skeleton. If the length of the femur bone of the

Tamika is ordering desktop computers for her actual skeleton is 184 centimeters, what is the

company. The desktop computers cost $375 each, length, to the nearest tenth of a centimeter, of the

and tax is an additional 6% of the total cost of the femur bone in the model?

computers. If she can spend no more than $40.000

on the desktop computers, including tax, what is the

maximum number of computers that Tamika can

purchase?

STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any other module

in the test.

44
Math
22 QUESTIONS

DIRECTIONS

The questions in this section address a number of important math skills. Use of a calculator is

permitted for all questions.

NOTES

Unless otherwise indicated:

• All variables and expressions represent real numbers.

• Figures provided are drawn to scale.

• All figures lie in a plane.

• The domain of a given function f is the set of all real numbers x for which f(x) is a real number.

REFERENCE

The number of degrees of arc in a circle is 360.

The number of radians of arc in a circle is 2n.

The sum of the measures in degrees of the angles of a triangle is 180.

45
 For multiple-choice questions, solve each problem, choose the correct answer from

the choices provided, and then circle your answer in this book. Circle only one answer

for each question. If you change your mind, completely erase the circle. You will not get

credit for questions with more than one answer circled, or for questions with no

answers circled.

For student-produced response questions, solve each problem and write your

answer next to or under the question in the test book as described below.

● Once you've written your answer, circle it clearly. You will not receive credit for anything

written outside the circle, or for any questions with more than one circled answer.

● If you find more than one correct answer, write and circle only one answer.

● Your answer can be up to 5 characters for a positive answer and up to 6 characters

(including the negative sign) for a negative answer, but no more.

● If your answer is a fraction that is too long (over 5 characters for positive, 6 characters

for negative), write the decimal equivalent.

● If your answer is a decimal that is too long (over 5 characters for positive, 6 characters

for negative), truncate it or round at the fourth digit.

● If your answer is a mixed number (such as 3½ 2 ), write it as an improper fraction (7/2)

or its decimal equivalent (3.5).

● Don't include symbols such as a percent sign, comma, or dollar sign in your circled

answer

46
 𝑓 (𝑥) = 2𝑥 − 11 How many cups, each with a capacity of 8 fluid ounces,

The function 𝑓 is defined above. What is the value of can be filled with water from a cooler that contains 10

𝑓 (− 2) ? gallons of water? (1 gallon = 128 fluid ounces)

A) -15

B) -7

C) 15

D) 30

Based on the table above, what fraction of the flights for Airline A were delayed?

A)
700
1,850

B)
861
1,561

C)
861
2,890

D)
2,029
2,890

A political scientist wants to predict how the residents of New Jersey will react to a new bill proposed in the state

senate. Which of the following study designs is most likely to provide reliable results for the political scientist?

A) Mailing a questionnaire to each of 200 randomly selected residents of New Jersey.

B) Surveying a group of 300 randomly selected New Jersey residents.

C) Interviewing a group of students randomly selected from a large public university in New Jersey.

D) Surveying a group of 1,500 randomly selected US residents

47
If the ratio of 0. 5 : 𝑥 is equivalent to 1. 5 : 2. 25, what is In triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶, angle A measures 48 , angle B
◦

the value of 𝑥 ? measures 88 , angle C measures 44 . Triangle 𝐴𝐵𝐶 is

◦ ◦

A) 0.75 similar to triangle LMN, such that

𝐿𝑀
=
𝑀𝑁
=
𝐿𝑁
= 3
𝐴𝐵 𝐵𝐶 𝐴𝐶

B) 1.6875 . What is the measure, in degrees, of angle L?

C) 3

D) 3.25

8𝑎𝑥 − 4 = 24 𝑃 = 2, 000𝑥

Based on the equation above, what is the value of

𝑥
𝑃 = 500(2 )

2𝑎𝑥 − 1 ? A website administrator is considering using one of the

A) 3 two models above to predict the total number of

B) 6 purchases, 𝑃, made 𝑥 weeks after the website’s

C) 8 advertising campaign begins. How many more

D) 12 purchases are predicted by the exponential model than

by the linear model 5 weeks after the advertising

campaign begins?

1 19 1 A) 6,000
2
𝑦= 12
− 3
𝑥
B) 8,000
5𝑦 = 3𝑥
C) 10,000
In the 𝑥𝑦 − 𝑝𝑙𝑎𝑛𝑒, the lines that correspond to the
D) 16,000
system of equations above intersect at the point (𝑎, 𝑏).

What is the value of 𝑏

𝑎
?

48
The Conowingo Reservoir had an original storage The Conowingo Reservoir had an original storage

capacity of 300,000 acre-feet at the end of 1928, the capacity of 300,000 acre-feet at the end of 1928, the

year in which it was built. Starting in 1929, sediment year in which it was built. Starting in 1929, sediment

carried downstream by the Susquehanna River carried downstream by the Susquehanna River

collected in the reservoir and began reducing the collected in the reservoir and began reducing the

reservoir’s storage capacity at the approximate rate of reservoir’s storage capacity at the approximate rate of

1,700 acre-feet per year. 1,700 acre-feet per year.

What was the approximate storage capacity, in

Which of the following could be a graph of the acre-feet, of the reservoir at the end of 1993?

reservoir’s capacity 𝑐 , in acre-feet, as a function of time A) 300,000

𝑡, in years, after 1928 B) 189,500

C) 175,000

D) 159,500

A) The Conowingo Reservoir had an original storage

capacity of 300,000 acre-feet at the end of 1928, the

year in which it was built. Starting in 1929, sediment

carried downstream by the Susquehanna River

collected in the reservoir and began reducing the

B)
reservoir’s storage capacity at the approximate rate of

1,700 acre-feet per year.

If the reservoir’s capacity 𝑡 years after 1928 was

between 290,000 and 292,000 acre-feet, which of the

C)
following must be true?

A) 𝑡 < 2

B) 2 < 𝑡 < 4

C) 4 < 𝑡 < 6
D)
D) 6 < 𝑡 < 8

49
 5 21
𝑧 = 2
𝑧 − 8

What value of 𝑧 satisfies the equation above?

Which of the following is a solution to the equation

14 − 𝑥 + 2 = 𝑥 ?

I. −2

II. 1

III. 5

A) I only The scatterplot above shows the relationship between

B) II only the amount of dietary cholesterol, in milligrams (mg),

C) III only and the amount of total fat, in grams (g), in the 12

D) I and III sandwiches offered by a certain restaurant. The line of

best fit predicts the amount of total fat a sandwich has

based on the amount of dietary cholesterol in the

sandwich. How many grams of total fat are in the

sandwich for which this prediction is the most

accurate?

A) 140

B) 115

C) 85

D) 60

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The graph above shows the price that a chemical company charges for an order of fragrance oil, depending on

the weight of the order. Based on the graph, which of the following statements must be true?

A) The company charges more per pound for orders greater than 100 pounds than for order less than 100

pounds.

B) The company charges less per pound for orders greater than 100 pounds than for order less than 100

pounds.

C) The company charges less per pound for orders greater than 1,000 pounds than for order less than

1,000 pounds.

D) The company charges the same price per pound, regardless of order size.

If 2𝑥 + 3 = 𝑥 − 4, what is the value of 𝑥 + 8 ?

A) -7

B) -1

C) 1

D) 7

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A group of 10 students played a certain game. Every player received a score equal to an integer from 1 to 10,

inclusive. For the 10 players, the mean score was 4. If more than half of the players received a score greater than

5, which of the following is true about the mean score of the remaining players?

A) It must be less than 4.

B) It must be equal to 4.

C) It must be between 4 and 5.

D) It must be greater than 5.

The figure above represents a rectangular painting with a frame that is 2 inches wide. The expression

2𝑥 − (𝑥 − 4)(2𝑥 − 4) represents the area of the frame, in square inches. What does the quantity
2

(𝑥 − 4)(2𝑥 − 4) in the expression represent?

A) The width of the painting, in inches

B) The height of the frame, in inches

C) The area, in square inches, of the inner rectangle

D) The combined area, in square inches, of the frame and painting

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 𝑓 (𝑥) = 𝑥(𝑥 + 5)

The function 𝑓 is defined above. If the function 𝑔 is defined by 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑓 (𝑥) + 5, what is the value of 𝑔(3) ?

A) 8

B) 15

C) 24

D) 29

A sample of 600 ninth graders was selected at random and asked how much time they spend on homework each

day. Of the ninth graders selected, 220 spend less than 2 hours on homework each day. If the conclusion was

drawn that “approximately 1.35 million ninth graders spend less than 2 hours on homework each day,” which of

the following is closest to the population, in millions, of ninth graders?

A) 0.945

B) 1.35

C) 3.68

D) 5.84

A circle in the 𝑥𝑦-plane has a diameter with endpoints (− 1, − 3) and (7, 3). If the point (0, 𝑏) lies on the circle and

𝑏 > 0, what is the value of 𝑏 ?

STOP
If you finish before time is called, you may check your work on this module only. Do not turn to any other module

in the test.

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