Periodontology Instruments
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ScribdTranslationsPeriodontology Instruments
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ScribdTranslationsPeriodontics Instrumentation
The periodontal instruments are designed for specific purposes, for example to eliminate
calculation, smooth the root surfaces, perform gingival curettage or remove
damaged tissue.
Classification of Periodontal Instruments.
These are classified according to the purposes they serve:
1. The periodontal probes, used to locate, measure, and mark the pockets. This is
a tool similar to a bar, calibrated in millimeters, with a pyramidal shape and
its tip is dull and rounded.
Explorers are used to locate deposits of calculus and cavities.
how to check the smoothness of the root surfaces after root planing.
The instruments for scraping, smoothing, and curettage are used to remove plaque and the
calcified deposits in the crown and root.
These are:
Sickle-shaped scalers (supragingival scalers) and two edges.
converging cutters have a flat surface
Curettes
It is the most suitable instrument for removing deep subgingival calculus and cement.
altered radicular and remove a periodontal bag and the soft tissue lining.
curettes can adapt and have adequate access to deep pockets,
with minimal trauma to the soft tissue. They have sharp edges and can be one
of the two extremes.
We found different types of curettes such as:
Universal curettes.
Specific area curettes (Gracey curettes)
Extended shaft curetas.
Miniature leaf cutters.
Langer and Mini-Langer curettes.
Instrumental Schwartz
To recover periodontal devices (Schwartz periotrievers). They are a group
of double-ended instruments, highly magnetized, designed to recover tips of
broken instruments inside periodontal bags. They are essential when
break the end of a curette at a fork or in a deep pouch.
Plastic instruments. Plastic instruments for implants. These are used with the
the purpose of preventing the formation of dents and permanent damage to the implants.
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Shovels in the shape of a hoe.
They are used to scrape edges or rings of stones.
Chisel Scrapers.
It is designed for proximal surfaces of teeth that are very close to each other and to allow the
use of other scrapers, is generally employed in the front part of the mouth.
Limes.
Its function is to fracture or crush the resistant calculus. It is easy for the files to wear down the
root surfaces or leave them rough if used incorrectly, these
they are not available for fine scraping and smoothing of the roots.
Sonic and ultrasonic instruments.
It is possible to use ultrasonic instruments to remove plaque, scrape, curette and
remove stains. There are sonic and ultrasonic tips of different shapes for scraping,
curette and smooth roots and debride during a periodontal procedure.
Dental endoscope
A dental endoscope for subgingival use was recently introduced for diagnosis.
and treatment of periodontal disease. The fiber optic endoscope connects to
a video camera and a light source that generates an image on a monitor
from video flat to observe during subgingival exploration and instrumentation.
This device allows you to clearly visualize the subgingival areas and guides you to perform the
meticulous cleaning.
Cleaning and Polishing Instruments
Rubber cups. They consist of a rubber receptacle with lattice configurations, or without.
they, hollow inside. They are used in the handpiece with a special contra-angle for
prophylaxis.
Dental floss. Floss with polishing paste is used to polish proximal surfaces.
inaccessible to other polishing instruments. The thread is passed between the teeth while
remains perpendicular to the long axis of the tooth.
Surgical Instruments
Periodontal operations are carried out with numerous instruments. The
Surgical periodontal instruments are classified as follows:
1. Instruments for excision and incision
2. Surgical curettes and sickles
3. Perosito elevators
4. Surgical chisels
5. Surgical Files
Scissors
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7. Hemostatic and Tissue Forceps
Instruments of dissection and incision
Periodontal scalpels (for gingivectomy). The Kirkland scalpel is the representative of
The scalpels used frequently to practice gingivectomies. They are available with one
or two extremes.
Interdental scalpels. The Orban scalpel No. 1-2 and the Meddifield No. 1, 2, 3 and
4 are examples of scalpels used for interdental areas.
Surgical blades. In periodontal surgery, scalpel blades of various shapes and sizes are used.
distant. The ones that are used most often are the nums. 12D, 15, and 15C.
Instrumentation and electro-surgical techniques (surgical diathermy). Nowadays it is used.
the term electrosurgery or radiosurgery refers to the surgical techniques performed
in the soft tissue using electric currents.
Hooks and surgical curettes. Many times during the surgical procedure, it
They need larger and more bulky curettes and sickles to remove granulation tissue.
fibrous interdental tissues and tenacious subgingival deposits.
Periosteal elevators. They are necessary to separate and move the flap after
Perform the incision for flap surgery. Well-designed pressure elevators are
the number 24G and the Goldman-Fox number 14
Surgical chisels and hoes. They are used during the procedure.
periodontal for liminar and modify the shape of the bone.
Surgical files. Periodontal surgical files are primarily used for smoothing.
the irregular bony ridges and eliminate all areas of bone. The Schuluger files and
Sugarman.
Scissors and gouging tweezers. They are used in periodontal surgery to remove small pieces of
tissue during a gingivectomy, trim the margins of flaps, widen incisions of
periodontal abscesses and remove muscle insertions in the mucogingival operation.
Needle holders. They are used to suture the flap in the desired position after completing the
procedure surgical.
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