National Open University

Office of Research and Graduate Studies

Master's in Educational Sciences
mention in Educational Administration
Course: Education Administration
Code: 971

The Educational Administration:

Basic Aspects and Venezuelan Legal Foundation

Authors:

Osmary Gómez ID 18.008.697 Local Center Zulia

Josefina Barreca C.I. 9.423.007 Local Center Nueva Esparta
Ana Centeno C.I.14.622.801 Local Center Sucre

Venezuela, June 2019

 EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION: BASIC ASPECTS
Ruiz (2006) defines educational administration as 'that which refers to the direction of the institution itself; to the use of
and strategic exercise of human, intellectual, technological, and budgetary resources; to the projection of
future human needs; to the strategic forecasting of human resource training and teacher education; to the
linkage with the environment; the generation of staff identity with the organization; the generation of a vision
collective of organizational growth in the collective, individual, professional, and the principle of collaboration as a premise
of development
The objective of Educational Administration is to facilitate the teaching and learning process by maximizing
of the institution's resources, and to achieve this it requires carrying out activities such as: establishing relationships between the
school and the community, develop plans and study programs, group students, manage and administer the
human, material and financial resources
PRINCIPLES OF EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION
Development Incorporation Creation Commitment Interaction Ease
Of the In the activities From marcos With investigations With the directors of the Y support for
capabilities of academics, educational, conceptual type y corporations thedialogue y
the students programs and planes materials empirical for business for thedebateamong the
so that they are the of studiesthe processesy contribute in the to expandthe educators,
futures valuesof the environments what advancements the knowledgeof suspicious
government
generators social responsibility allow understanding about challenges in the consumers
of the values at the local, regional level, experiences the paper compliance with the means, advice
moral and ethical, national e effective of thedynamicy the responsibilities communal y
like this they can international. learning for impact of the social and environmental and organizations of
contribute a the aleadership corporations in the for explore civil society
construction of responsible value creation jointly effective for search
a new sustainable social to face such possible
society. environmental y challenges. solutions to the
economic problems
CHARACTERISTICS OF EDUCATIONAL ADMINISTRATION
Universal Specific On Unit Amplitude Interdisciplinary Flexible
temporal instrumental hierarchical of
exercise
is given in the although go although ifall the the process himself
apply use of The
institutions accompanied they distinguishpersonal administrative it in everyoneprinciples, principles y
educational, from others phases, stages and teacher use for the levels processes, techniques
well, in the aspects no elements of the participant to reach of and modality procedures administrati-
process is confused process in the form efficient of the del and methods of you go he
administrative with sus administrative activities the objectives system other sciences they adapt to the
exists functions is unique and y it established educational needs
coordination and in greater or they respect the from the
systematics of lower grade hierarchies institutions
media educational
 EDUCATIONAL MANAGEMENT
Definition: It is the process of organizing and using resources to achieve pre-established objectives.
through an efficient organization where the educational manager must lead their team towards achieving the
objectives of the organization but during a continuous motivation that stimulates, inspects, guides and
constantly rewards the work developed while executing the action and function of managing...
Chiavenato (2006) states that "management refers to the organizations that carry out activities of
planning, organization, direction, and control, in order to utilize its human, physical, and financial resources
with the aim of achieving objectives, commonly related to economic benefits
THE EDUCATIONAL MANAGER
The educational manager as supervisor, coordinator, evaluator, planner, must carry out a follow-up.
permanent of the different projects that are being executed in the organization to carry out
favorably the objectives set in the short, medium, and long term; this will allow determining if the
The project accepts it, replaces it, or modifies it. The educational manager must have a series of
knowledge and updated information to adequately assess a project. According to Borjas
(2001), "... directors must be trained to take the reins of their institutions since;
manages rules, establishes criteria, promotes teamwork, encourages cooperation, the exercise of its work,
optimizes teacher performance
PROFILE OF THE EDUCATIONAL MANAGER
Direct and guide the To motivate y to stimulate being a leader, creative and open to To have knowledge of
different actions of one participation in the tasks new proposals for the the tools
educational institution teachers, administrative and improvement of the technologies and make use of
projects to develop. educational institution the resources.
MANAGERIAL FUNCTIONS OF THE DIRECTOR
The Planning The Organization The Direction The Control
Constitutes a process refers to a It involves putting into operation Allows you to verify if everything
essential for the manager, system oriented a an educational institution to process occurs with it
Well, all of his actions are formalize the components starting from a structure foreseen in the standards
directed a to action in the performances and, to organizational to guide it to achievement. Indicating the
educational. It implies above all to search schemes towards a better future. They weaknesses errors o
forecast, part of generalizers they motivate employees sufficiencies for
diagnosis of needs motivation for achievement, so that they perform their rectify them, contain and
policy formulation, determined fine activities and thus achieve the prevent that they occur
mission, vision, objectives, through organization and objectives of the again errors in the
goal setting and forecasting arrangement of elements organization, through the achievement of the
of resources. Chiavenato to comply with leadership and decision making objectives. Chiavenato
(2004): It consists of various functions. Koontz decisions common.(2006): consists of
unit continuity, and others (2004) propose it Robbins (2000) check if all the
flexibility y valuation, "as the whole of responsibility of the stages of the process march
considering the aspects coordinated actions of address search in accordance with the plan
principles of a plan of two or more people with him reconciliation of interests adopted, the instructions
action. purpose of reaching a from the organization, through transmitted and the principles
Planning is one common goal. of the planned objectives, established, with the
chained strategy of The organization involves the using authority, the objective of locating the
actions in relation arrangement a of elements discipline, the factor weaknesses and the risks
daily events necessary for the human...in the search to rectify them and avoid
to set direction. driving and maintenance of quality.. that repeat.
of a system.
PERFORMANCE OF THE EDUCATIONAL MANAGER
In Institutional Management In Pedagogical Management In Administrative Management
Leadership and rallying capability Organize the educational action to To know and manage properly
for your educational institution. that competencies are developed the personnel systems
To know and apply appropriately the that integrate skills, concepts, presupuesto
regulations of the education sector and others attitudes and skills. and control the educational institution.
relevant norms a the function -Ability to identify and organize the Ability to generate and manage
directive. evaluation of the socio- elements- financial resources with a focus
Ability to solve problems and affective aspects of the learning process. managerial.
skills for decision making. Properly handle the techniques. Commitment to development
Capacity for communication and supervision procedures y personal and with the development of its
skills to maintain good educational evaluation. organization, stimulating cultivation
relationships. To know, apply techniques y of personal and social values.
Know and apply methods and techniques procedures that promote development with a policy
to prepare the projects. motivation and the update in the of open address.
teacher training. Lead the team toward achieving the goals
objectives, establishing priorities and
systematize the resources.
 EDUCATIONAL QUALITY AND MANAGEMENT
Educational quality can be expressed according to Griman (2012), as characteristics or traits of the inputs,
processes, results, and educational products that make it unique and distinguish it. Therefore,
educational quality involves a step-by-step and continuous process to improve each and every one of the
elements, hence the commitment and improvement comes from the purpose of education. In this
the order of ideas, the manager who satisfies the staff of the institution is because he has assumed the commitment, and
the responsibility that deserves your work, in addition to using your resources efficiently, and as such
they provide the success proposed in the educational institution where they perform their functions.
An educational system is of 'good quality' when it has the following characteristics:
Effectiveness Efficiency Productivity Equity
Ability to produce it Capacity to produce it Capacity that it has the Distribution of knowledge and
effect or purpose to which maximum results with it acting education system knowledge through
the system is intended minimum effort, with a how factor in formal educational action.
educational, with a high high relationship between value interdependent on the
positive relationship between it of production and its cost. increase of development
programmed, the executed and socio-economic.
the evaluated.
THE LEGALITY OF THE VENEZUELAN EDUCATIONAL SYSTEM
Constitution of the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela (1999)
Article 102. Education is a human right and a fundamental social duty, it is democratic, free, and compulsory.
The state will assume it as an unavoidable function and of maximum interest at all its levels and modalities, and as an instrument
of scientific, humanistic, and technological knowledge at the service of society. Education is a public service and is
based on respect for all currents of thought, with the aim of developing creative potential
each human being and the full exercise of their personality in a democratic society based on ethical valuation of
work and in active, conscious, and solidarity participation in processes of social transformation, aligned with
the values of national identity and with a Latin American and universal vision. The State, with the participation of the
families and society will promote the process of civic education, in accordance with the principles contained in this
Constitution and in the law.
Article 103 Everyone has the right to a comprehensive quality education, permanent, on equal terms and
opportunities, with no limitations other than those derived from their aptitudes, vocation, and aspirations. Education is
mandatory at all levels, from preschool to diversified secondary level. The education provided in institutions of
Education is free up to university undergraduate level. To this end, the State will make a priority investment, in accordance with
the recommendations of the United Nations. The State will create and maintain institutions and services
sufficiently equipped to ensure access, permanence, and completion in the educational system. The law will guarantee
equal attention to people with special needs or disabilities and to those who are deprived or
deprived of their liberty or lacking basic conditions for their incorporation and permanence in the educational system.
The contributions of individuals to public educational projects and programs at the secondary and university levels will be
recognized as deductions from income tax according to the respective law
Article 104. Education shall be the responsibility of persons of recognized morality and proven academic suitability.
The state will encourage their ongoing update and will guarantee stability in the exercise of the teaching profession.
public or private sea, in accordance with this Constitution and the law, in a work regime and standard of living appropriate to their
elevated mission. Entry, promotion, and permanence in the educational system will be established by law and will respond to
evaluation criteria for merits, without partisan interference or any other non-academic nature.
Organic Law of Education (2008)
Article 6. The State, through the national bodies with competence in educational matters, will exercise the leadership in the
Educational System. Consequently:
3. Plan, execute, coordinate policies and programs:
The creation of an efficient, effective, effective, de-bureaucratized, transparent, and innovative educational administration.
based on the principles of participatory democracy, solidarity, ethics, honesty, legality, economy,
participation, co-responsibility, promptness, accountability, and social responsibility.
Regulation on the Practice of the Teaching Profession (2000)
Article 3. This Regulation shall apply to those who exercise the teaching profession in teaching, guidance functions.
planning, research, experimentation, evaluation, management, supervision, and administration, in the educational field,
with the exception of higher education.
 ANALYSIS: THEORY Vs EDUCATIONAL REALITY

Currently, the Venezuelan Educational System at most of its levels and modalities
faces a difficult situation to effectively carry out its administrative functions and
efficient, where many factors come into play such as: economic, political,
cultural, technological, which forces educational institutions to use resources from others
organizations to fulfill. Regarding the management topic, it is evident that in most of the
Educational institutions where managerial positions are held by teachers with little preparation
academic in the administrative area, so the acquisition of skills and abilities is from
the experience.

In addition, its managerial functions are due to guidelines issued by the Ministry of Power
Popular for Education due to being identified with the current political ideology, but,
In some cases, the minimum conditions established in the are not considered.
legal statutes, which has generated environments of hostility, lack of motivation, lack of
participation and integration in the performance of academic and administrative duties of
personnel of the institutions. Therefore, a certain gap between theory and practice can be evidenced
educational administration and the reality that is felt in the work environments.

In each educational institution, despite the adversities, efforts are made to fulfill the functions.
administrative in terms of planning, organization, direction, and control so that children,
girls, young women, and adolescents receive a comprehensive, free, and quality education; but,
The idea is that educational organizations should permanently take ownership of
ways of feeling, doing, and thinking that ensure them an intelligent bond in the face of scenarios
changing and complex. However, the situation presented in this work does not replace others,
but complements them so that teachers in the roles of directors or coordinators or
supervisors, relay them through educational quality and be based on the
productive thinking that allows the institution to be seen as a model to follow within
of society.

Therefore, it is worth considering that educational institutions have trained staff to

to face the new educational demands. In this sense, it is assumed that the educational system
Venezuelan due to the complexity it presents, requires a management that seeks to achieve
the best performance to obtain a quality education, with the application of programs and
projects that stimulate creativity, language skills, and logical-mathematical abilities in the
students, critical and reflective thinking and proactive participation are elevated.
 References

Borjas, F. and Vera, L. (2008). Managerial Functions of the Director of the

Bolivarian Schools. Electronic Scientific Journal of Managerial Sciences.
Venezuela

Inciarte, A., Marcano, N. and Reyes M. (2006). Academic Management

Administrative in Basic Education. Venezuelan Journal of Management, April-
June, year/vol. 11, no. 034, University of Zulia

Luján, M. (2010). The administration of non-formal education applied

to social organizations: Theoretical-practical Approaches. Journal
Education, vol. 34, no. 1. University of Costa Rica. Available at:
The provided text is a URL and cannot be translated.