Guidelines (APA for writing a paper)

Students:

1Jesús Zambrano
2Edwin Araujo
3Ricardo Pirela
4Alexander Manrique
5Izac Alvarado
Diego Hernández
7Darwin Pirela
8Wilson Rubio

Index Pages

1. What are APA Standards / APA Format? ………………………………..2

2. APA Guidelines: The Ultimate Guide to Presenting Written Works............2
3. What is the format of the APA Standards in its seventh edition?.....................2
4. Parts of a paper with APA Standards……………………………………….5
5. How to cite a source in APA Style............................10
6. APA Manual Guidelines for Citing Sources with Missing Data........15
7. How to cite a source in APA standards seventh edition...............15
8. How to apply APA Standards in Word……………………………………..16
9. APA Standards in Microsoft Office……………………………………………17
10. APA rules in Word (Seventh edition)……………………………………17
11. APA Guidelines in Google Documents…………………………………….17

Introduction:
This is a summarized guide with the main points of the APA (7th edition) Guidelines,
produced by a reader of the blog normas-apa.org Until now, there is no guide
official APA in Spanish with the updates of the seventh edition in English.
We always recommend consulting the official source of the APA Publication Manual.
entering toThe provided text is a URL and does not require translation.
What are APA Standards / APA Format?

The APA Guidelines (or APA Format) are a series of guidelines you must follow for the
completion of a written work, report, thesis... according to Gustavo Toledo (2018), professor
from the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of Isabel I University, the references
APA establishes the format for all types of citations and documents in Psychology and Sciences.
Social.

I must tell you that APA rules are older than we thought and that no, no
Your teacher made it up to make your life sad, it turns out that these rules are
they date back to the year 1929 when scholars in various social areas (with psychology being
the standard), they decided to develop the rules of the "American Psychological Association"
(APA)" but, it was not until the year 2002 that they were officially published; the format
APA can be defined as the series of guidelines that facilitate the preparation of a work of
research, these standards are among the most important academic references
of scientific learning, which is why they are so acclaimed.

APA Standards: The Ultimate Guide to Presenting Written Works

For some students, they can be a constant headache, for that reason we
we have taken on the task of alleviating that headache you get from listening to the following
For the next meeting I need an essay in APA style.

Can you do it in a didactic and simple way, more than you can imagine... or just
Are you curious and want to expand your knowledge? (Congratulations on that). Whatever it is
the reason that brought you here so welcome! You will find everything you need to know about
regarding.

What is the format of APA Guidelines in its seventh edition?

When it comes to originality, the APA guidelines have a doctorate. That is why they have been
kept in force over the years and is an almost mandatory criterion when it comes to
write any type of academic project (Thesis, reports, documents, article of
scientific character, etc). Your research will be original and unique and its application is
easy.

Paper: Letter size

Font type: Arial - Times News Roman
 Font size: 12 points
Spacing: Line spacing 2.0, no space between paragraphs
Aligned: Left, without justification
Margins: 2.5 on each side
Indentation: 5 spaces at the beginning of each paragraph

The size of the paper

The paper size in APA guidelines must be letter (Yes, letter. Not A4).

The measurement is 21.59 cm x 27.94 cm; it is important to note that the paper used should not be
have no type of sticker, adhesive tape, glue, or staple (no advertising).

Margins

The margins with APA Standards will be the same on all sides of the page: 2.54 cm (1
inch) for the top, bottom, right, and left margin.

Font type

As for the font type, the font will be Times New Roman, size 12, with a
line spacing number 2 (Double).

The presentation format with the seventh edition allows you to choose from the following
fonts and their respective score (Font size):

Arial (11 points)

Georgia (11 points)

Calibri (11 points)

Lucida Sans Unicode (10 points)

Numbering

Regarding the numbering of the pages, I explain in detail: they must be

numbered in the upper right corner. The cover and back cover must start the
numbering (1 and 2 respectively); each page must have the corresponding number.

If you conduct research or a project where you use statistical data, numbers or
You must write the number, for example: '80% of the studied population demonstrated
to have linguistic resources appropriate to their level of education.

Starting from the index (table of contents), list of tables, list of annexes, images, and others
as dedications and preface if visualized in Roman numerals (I, II, III…).
the rest is in Arabic numbers (1, 2, 3...).
Line spacing

This is the vertical space between the lines of a text, it is measured from the line of
base up to the baseline of the previous line. In APA Standards, we will use line spacing
double all types of pages except for tables, figures, or appendices.

Paragraph alignment

Left alignment should be applied throughout the project. The right margin must
stay in 'Irregular' format; justification in the text should not be used, unless you
professor/institution requests it.

Indentation in APA guidelines

When we make use of thesangriait will be 5 spaces (½ inch (1.27 cm) from the
left margin) at the beginning of each paragraph; remember that you can use the key of
tabulation or apply the configuration in WORD.

Titles

The titles should briefly express the main idea of the content, it must be
self-explanatory.

It is recommended that a title not exceed 12 words.

EACH WORD MUST BE WRITTEN IN UPPERCASE, WITH A DOUBLE SPACE FOR THE NEW PARAGRAPH.

Parts of a work with APA Standards

The APA manualestablish thesame structurein sixth or seventh edition and for any
type of academic project. It is necessary to respect the format and numbering for each type
of the page. Below, find the general structure of a work and the different
guidelines for each case:

1. Cover
2.Summary (abstract)
3.Body of the document
4.Introduction
5. Method
6.Results
7.Comments (Discussion)
8.List of References or Bibliographyfa
9.Appendices: Tables, figures, illustrations and diagrams

Cover
 The cover must contain: Name of the university, company, or institution that recognizes you
as a researcher; faculty where you study or department where you work (depends on
case) and area where you develop. All this centered at the top edge of the page.

Author's name(s): The most recommended format for the author's name is to use
the first name and last name. Please be sure to always use the same format for
every publication. Do not use initials in one manuscript and the full name in another
posterior.
Institutional affiliation: This identifies the place where the author or authors conducted the
investigation. Generally, it is an institution. Double affiliation can be included only if
two institutions contributed financially to the study in the aspect
considerable. If there are more than two authors with one or several affiliations, it must respect the
following guidelines:

Condition Example

If the project has two authors of it Andrés Rivas and Carlos Ochoa
University Military University, Bogotá D.C, Colombia.

Carlos Restrepo, Camila López and Juan Carlos

If the project has three authors of the same one
Duke
University
National University, Medellín

Andrés Rivas
If the project has two authors with different Military University, Bogotá D.C.
University Camila López
National University, Medellín

Carlos Restrepo, Laura Vélez and Juan Carlos

Duke
If the project has three or more authors in two
National University, Medellín
Universities
Andrés Rivas
Military University, Bogotá D.C

Author's note: The author's note (It is optional); it should be used on covers
professionals and not for the academic sphere. It is here where people are appreciated.
who helped to conduct the study or analyze the manuscript or also to clarify
any disclaimer.

If you must submit the project in the seventh edition, you only need to add the following data to
its cover; remember to respect the centered text, the numbering in the upper corner
right and order:
 **Project Title (Maximum of 15 words and in bold; must express the main idea)**
Author(s) (Students, researchers)
Affiliation, school or University
course
Name of the professor or dean
Location (Place of publication of the project)
Date (Day / Month / Year)

Summary (Abstract)

Please note that this is done to present a brief and generalized summary of the
contents of the article. A good summary should be precise, non-evaluative, coherent,
legible and concise. The main characteristics for writing a good summary:

Coherent, precise, and concise language. The summary must be written in voice.
Matías bought the ball.
Matías
The summary should be short but descriptive, be sure to include the ideas and the
purpose of your project at the beginning; it is advisable to include findings and
results. (Readers decide to read a project if the summary manages to attract them.)
A summary must have a minimum of 150 words and a maximum of 350.
Write the summary in a single paragraph without indentation (the first line must be without indent)
bleeding)
You can add a list of main ideas (Keywords) written in your
It is a personal decision and it is not mandatory to do it, but if you wish, you must:
Add the title Keywords in italics and with a 5-space indent, then
add the keywords separated by a comma.

Body of the document

The body of the document should not be included in the general structure, however,
represents the pages with the greatest length in any academic work with APA guidelines
Introduction, methods, results, and discussion. According to the numbering, the body of
the text should come after the summary; this space should indicate the ideas, arguments and
main foundations of the problem/main theme.

Introduction

The introduction presents the specific problem of study and describes the strategy of
research. This page should focus on explaining the importance of the problem,
describe previous work and objectives, present the hypotheses and their correspondence with the
research design. When writing an introduction, it should be clear and answer the
questions:
 What are the main objectives in my project?
What is the main problem and how can I provide a possible solution?
What differentiates this project from others that have already been written? (In case of
to have them
What is the research design and the hypothesis of the problem?
Remember: The introduction starts on a new page and is identified with the
cornice and the page number (3).

Method

This is where the study is detailed, including the definitions.

conceptual and operational aspects of the variables used in the study. This page allows
to the reader to evaluate the reliability of the results.

It is advisable to divide the method section into labeled subsections.

(Experimental manipulations used / Sampling procedures, size and
sample precision / Measurement approaches / Research design). It can
use subtitles if a more detailed description is required in each subsection.
They must include: one with the description of the participants, another that describes the
procedures used in the study.
Remember to include only the essential information in the subsections for understanding.
and replicate the study.
If your project is the update of another already written: I added a reference next to it.
with the year of publication.

summarize the collected data and the analysis of the outstanding ones for the
written that you are going to draft. Present in sufficient detail the data in order to justify the
conclusions.

Include all types of results: Relevant or contrary to your expectations

Also significant or NOT significant findings (Uncomfortable or without contributions)
This page should have statistics, surveys conducted, auxiliary analyses,
adverse events, etc.

Comments (Discussion)

This space is for you to examine, interpret, and evaluate the results.

Emphasize the theoretical or practical consequences of the results.

If the results are brief and direct, they can be combined with the results.
creating a section called Results and comments.

List of References
The references are writings that are extracted in a 'literal' manner from a book, page
web, blog, magazine, etc. without modifying their wording, respecting the author. More information
detailed in: How to create the reference list in APA Format.

The reference list must start on a new page.

The word referencia must appear with the first letter in uppercase and the rest in lowercase.
the others (References) and centered.
The reference entries must be double spaced.
Only the title of the source should be in italics.
According to the APA manual, all references must have a 0.5 inch indent.
1.27 cm from the second line (Hanging indent).
Any project or source mentioned in the text must be attached to the list of
references.
They must be attached in alphabetical order.
Each URL will have to be linked through 'Hyperlinks'.

If we have direct quotes from one or more authors

One author: Author's last name, year, p.

Two authors: Last name of the 1st and 2nd author separated by a comma, year, page.
Last name of the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd author separated by a comma
año
Six or more authors: Last name of the 1st author and the word 'et al' (without the quotes)
means "and others".

Please note that with the most current APA format (Seventh edition) you can shorten the
textual mention of the authors attaching the abbreviation 'et al.' (and others) in addition to including
up to 20 if necessary, for example:

Direct quote with Sixth edition

(Kennedy, Urban, Rivas & Ochoa, 2010)

Kennedy, Urban, Rivas and Ochoa (2010)

Direct quote with Seventh edition

(Kennedy et al., 2008)

Kennedy et al. (2008)

Appendices: Tables, figures, illustrations, and diagrams

An appendix refers to the additional information that you want to include outside of what is
drafted in the manuscript, for this you can include: tables, images or other types of
information that is important to inform the reader.
 If there is only one appendix, name it in the writing 'Appendix', but keep in mind
Note that if there is more than one appendix, each one must be assigned a letter.
uppercase (e.g. Appendix A, Appendix B) in the order they are mentioned in the
manuscript. It is mandatory for each appendix to have its title.
An appendix can include headers and subheaders, as well as tables, figures
and displayed equations. Remember to number them.
Start each appendix on a separate page.
The word Appendix should be centered with the capital letters that identify it in the
top of the page.
The title of the appendix must be centered, the first letter capitalized and the others in
lowercase.
The text of the appendix must be aligned to the left, followed by paragraphs with
sangria
Complementary materials refer to an online file that is available from the
source of the file.

How to apply a table in APA Style

1. Each table must be numbered, and this should be done at the beginning. (As in the image
example)
2. The title of the table should be short and descriptive, and it should be written in
italic text.
3. Place all the tables of the article in a section of tables, after the
references (and, if applicable, footnotes)
4. Use a new page for each table and include a table number and a title.
table for each one
5. Note: It must be descriptive of the topic being commented on in that table, also if the
The table was taken from another source; in the note of the table, the author should be mentioned, if the table ...
It is another means, it will also touch to include it in References. For example: "Note.
Recovered from BBC Magazine. Copyright 2013. Reprinted with permission.

For the figures, the following guidelines must be followed:

The margin must be respected, the figure should be the first thing visible.
2. In the note, it must first have the descriptive name of the figure in letters.
Italic
3. After the name of the figure, a small but complementary description must be written.
summary that describes the figure.
How should a source be cited in APA format?

Thecitation in APA formatrepresents the research materials that have been used
to complement the idea of our project. Each type of font has its own
Format; for example, the citation of a webpage is different from that of a book or a chapter.
The purpose of this website is to facilitate your learning, therefore, you can access a guide.
definitive below:

Types of sources for citation

Book with author

Author Last Name

book.

Example: García, G. (1967), One Hundred Years of Solitude, Colombia, Editorial Planeta.

Book with editor

[Author's last name, Initial first name. [Ed.]. (Year of publication). Title of the book. City and
Country: Editorial.

Example: García, G. [Ed.]. (1967), One Hundred Years of Solitude, Colombia: Editorial Planeta.

E-books

[Last name, First initial. (Year published). Title of the book. Retrieved from http://urlweb.com]

Example: García, G. (2015). One Hundred Years of Solitude. Retrieved from htps://normasapa.in

Electronic book with DOI

[Author's last name, Author's initials (Year). Title of the book. DOI: 0000000000]

Example: García, G. (2015). One Hundred Years of Solitude. DOI:

htps://doi.org/10.11144/Javeriana.uph32-65.ggmc

Chapter of a book

Author Last Name

(Pages). City, Country: Publisher

Thesis work
Author Last Name
undergraduate, master's or doctoral). Name of the institution, location of the institution.

Example: Rivas, A. (2018, July 18). Energy utilization of water resources

[Undergraduate Thesis]. Nueva Granada Military University, Bogotá.

Scientific articles

Lastname
magazine, volume (Number), pages.

Example: Griswold, M. (2014, September 12). What amount of alcohol is safe? Ni

a drop. The Lancet, volume (2), pp. 12-13.

Encyclopedia

Author's Last Name

(volume, Pages). Location: Publisher.

Newspaper

[Author's Last Name, Author's Initial. (Date). Title of the article. Newspaper Name, pp-
pp].

Example: Cano, G. (1990). National differences in Colombia. The spectator, pp. 2-4

Web pages

Author Lastname

Example: Rivas, A. & Urban, B. (2019, August 28). APA Generator, APA Standards of
Invalid URL

Web article (No author)

Title of the article. (Publication date). Retrieved from http://urlweb.com

Example: Global changes. (2019, June 17). Retrieved from

http://cambios.com/global-changes

Web article (No date)

[Author's last name, Initials of author's first name. (n.d.). Title of the article. Retrieved from
htp://urlweb.com]
 Example: Rivas, C. (n.d.). Abbreviations in German. Retrieved from
Invalid URL provided for translation.

Web article (Untitled)

[Author's Last Name, Author's Initial Name. (Publication Date). [Document Description].
Recovered from htp://urlweb.com

Vargas, E. (2010). [How to make an introduction]. Retrieved from

Invalid URL format provided.

Web article (No author - no date)

Title of the article. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://urlweb.com

Example: APA References. (n.d.) Retrieved from https://normasapa.in/apa-references

Web article (No author - no title)

[Article description]. (Publication date). Retrieved from http://urlweb.com

[Web references in APA]. (2015, August 20). Retrieved from

htp://donapa.net/referencias

Web article (No date – no title)

[Author's Last Name, Author's Initial. (n.d.). [Description of the article]. Retrieved from
htp://urlweb.com]

Example: Hurtado, C. (n.d.). [Methods to learn English]. Retrieved from

Invalid URL format.

Web article (No author - no date - no title)

[Article description]. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://urlweb.com

Example: [Great benefits of the Keto diet]. (n.d). Retrieved from

http://dietasana.com/keto-diet

Social media post: Twitter

[Last name of the profile owner, Initial of the profile owner's name [@TwitterUser]. (Date).
[Tweet]
 Example: Rivas, A. [@Seoapa] (2019, July 18). Online generator. APA standards of
Invalid input format. Please provide translatable text.

Social media post: Facebook

[Last name of the profile, initial of the first name. / name of the group/page. [@user]. (year, month day).
Publication Title
http://urldelapublicacionenFB.com

Example: Week.
half an hour [Facebook audiovisual description] of
hthttps://www.facebook.com/RevistaSemana/posts/pfid023p

Social media post: Instagram

[Last name of the profile, initial of the first name. / name of the group/page. [user]. (year, month day). Title
from the publication [Audiovisual description of Instagram] of
http://urldelapublicacionenInstagram.com

Example: Jiménez, Y. [yeison_jimenez]. (2022, August 17). Press release about the
health of the singer [audiovisual description from Instagram] of
htInvalid URL format.

Social media post: TikTok video

[Last name of the profile, initial of the first name. / page name [@username]. (year, month day). Title of
post on TikTok. #hashtag1 #hashtag2 [TikTok video] from http://urldelpostentktok.com]

Example: Platzi. [@learnwithplatzi]. (2022, August 17). What images are for
of satellites. #scienceontiktok #learnontiktok #satellites [TikTok video] of
Invalid input. Please provide text for translation.

PDF files

Author Last Name

Retrieved from (web where it was downloaded) or doi: 0000000/000000000000

Example:Beske, S. D. (2019, September).Differences between APA and ICONTEC[PDF file].

Recovered from htps://normasapa.in/

Wikipedia article

[Article name [On Wikipedia]. Retrieved (Date) from http://urlwikipedia.com]

 Example: APA Style. [On Wikipedia]. Retrieved (2019, November 11) from
Invalid URL format.

Dictionaries or Thesaurus

[Dictionary Name. (Year published).Name(edition) of htp://urldictionary.com]

Example: Royal Spanish Academy (2019). Dictionary of the Spanish language (edition of
tricentennial) of htps://diccionariolengua.com/normas

YouTube videos

[Author's Last Name, Author's First Initial. [YouTube username]. (Year, month day
publication). Title of the video [Video]. Retrieved from http://Urlvideo.com

Rios, J. [Julioprofe]
Recovered from htps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tyoPXhzGzrE

Movies

[Author's Last Name, Author's Initial. (Year). Movie Title [Film]. Name of the
study

Example: Cameron, J. (2009). Avatar [Movie]. Century Fox

Song

Author

Juanes

Photographs

[Photographer] surname and name of the author. (Location, Year). Name of the collection. Location

[Photographer] of Rodríguez Camila. (High of the roses, 2019) Library

photographic. Colombia, Bogotá

ChatGPT (AI)

Name of the author or responsible entity.

of resource]. URL]

Example: OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (Mar 14 version) [Large language model].

Invalid URL format.
APA Manual Guidelines for Citing Sources with Missing Data

But... what happens if I can't find information or the source lacks a piece of data? The manual
APA establishes the following guidelines for including a source with missing data in
the list of references as in the project:

Citation format within the

Missing data References list format
project
Title
Author Title
Title (year)
(Author, n.d.)
Date (n.d.)
Author (n.d.)
(Author, year)
Author. (date). [Short summary but
Title
descriptive]. Source.
Author (year)
(Title, n.d.)
authorAndDate Title. (n.d.). Source.
Title (n. d.)
Description of the work
[Short but descriptive summary]. (date).
Author
Source.
Description of the work
(Author, n.d.)
Author. (n.d.). [Short summary but
Date and Title
descriptive]. Source.
Author (n.d.)
(Description of the work), n.d.
Author [Short but descriptive summary]. (n.d.).
title Source.
(n.d.)
Citation format within the
Missing data Format in References
project

How to cite a source in APA format seventh edition

In case you wish to present your project with APA Style – Seventh edition, I
We recommend that you pay attention to the different changes in the textual citations, which
you can see below in the following table:

Description Format - Sixth edition Format – Seventh edition

The location is removed
from the publisher, Last name, A. A. (Year). Title Last Name, A. A. (Year). Title in
only the italicized is attached. City. Publisher. italic(# ed). Editorial.
number of this
The term Last Name is removed, A. A. (Date). Title Last Name, A. A. (Date). Title of the
Recovered from: from the publication. Name of the publication in italics. Name of
 italicized site. Retrieved
site.URL
from:URL
Surname, A. A.
Last name, A. A. (Date). Title of
The label is removed. of the article. Name of the
Article. Name of the publication
DOI, it will only be set periodical publication in
italicized periodic, volume in
the corresponding URL italic, volume in
with the child
italic(number), #-# pages.
italic(number), #-# pages.
https://doi.org/xxxxx
doi:xx.xxxx
The format is removed in
e-books Last name, A. A. (Year). Title
Last name, A. A. (Year). Title of
digital (e-book) from the book in italics [Version
italicized book. Publisher. URL
devices or e-book]. Retrieved from URL
platforms
Please note: Any source or opinion added within the development of your text must
to be included in the reference list; the author has three options to add citations
textual:

Quotations: This type transcribes the idea of another author (Word for word).
textual quotes or also called direct quotes are characterized by being included in
two different ways. Quotes with fewer than 40 words should go in the same
paragraph and with quotes; quotes with more than 40 words do not use quotes and are
they include in another paragraph. You can find more information along with examples in the
next article: Direct quotes in APA Standards.
Paraphrased quote: This type summarizes the general idea of the source using the
original ideas of the writer. Paraphrased quotes (also known as NOT
direct statements) must be included without quotation marks and in the same paragraph (Regardless of the
extension).
Quote of quote: Do you want to include an opinion or paraphrased source from another author? Yes
this is your case you must use the citation of the citation which mentions a source
included in a text by another author. Use the tag (Cited by) to improve the
reader comprehension.

How to apply APA Standards in Word

Programs like Word, LibreOffice or electronic platforms like Documents of

Google or Microsoft Office understand the importance of APA Standards and allow you to
apply the general format (Sixth and Seventh edition) in a few steps; learn about the
Procedure for each tool. If you wish, you can download an updated template:

APA guidelines in Microsoft Office

Access Microsoft Office and sign in with an active email

 On the left side, locate the 'Word' logo. To continue on the right side
select "APA style document"

Microsoft Office allows you to have an editable template that is completely free with the
APA format (Sixth edition).

APA Guidelines in Word (Seventh edition)

To apply the margins: Page Design > Margins > Custom >
Apply 2.54 to all criteria (Top, Left, Bottom, Right); in this
the same section can configure the paper size: Letter and NOT A4.
Font, size and alignment: Identify the required font and size between (Times
new Roman: 12 / Arial: 11 / Georgia: 11 / Calibri: 11 / Lucida Sans: 10), then in
Word: Home > Styles > Right click on Normal style > Modify. In this section
You must select the required font type and size, as well as alignment: Left.
How to apply a citation: References > APA sixth edition > Add source type
Indentation and spacing: Stay in the previous section, select in the part
bottom left: Format > Paragraph. Locate 'Indentation' and then: Special >
First line > 1.27 CM. Then locate yourself in 'Spacing' > Line Spacing > Double >
Accept.

Insert numbering: Insert > Header and Footer > Page number
Page beginning > We choose the unformatted number 3 (Represents the
page number in the upper right corner

APA Guidelines in Google Documents

Access the link: Google Documents and sign in with an active Gmail account
Start a new untitled document "Create Blank"
Margins: File > Page Setup > Apply 2.54 to all
criteria. Here you can also select the paper size: Letter; remember
apply the format throughout the document

Font, size, and alignment: Select in the top bar (Times New Roman:
12 / Arial: 11 / Georgia: 11 / Calibri: 11 / Lucida Sans: 10) and subsequently in the
alignment section: Left.
Indentation: Format > Apply and Align Indentation > Indentation Options > Indentation
special: First line at 1.27 CM. Click on 'Apply'
Numbering: Insert > Page Numbers > Select the first format
(Upper right numbering)
To apply citations: Tools > Citations > APA (7th Edition) > Add source of
quote
Line spacing and spacing: You can also find this option in the bar
superior. Click on 'Line spacing and paragraph spacing (Located next to the)
alignment section). To continue, choose "Double"